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HISTORY 



Macomb County, 



MICHIGAN, 



CONTAINING 



AN ACCOUNT OF ITS SETTLEMENT, GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND RESOURCES; AN EXTENSIVE 

AND MINUTE SKETCH OF ITS CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES— THEIR IMPROVEMENTS, 

INDUSTRIES, MANUFACTORIES, CHUKCHES, SCHOOLS AND SOCIETIES; ITS WAR 

RE'ORD, BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES, PORTRAITS OF PROMINENT MEN 

AND EARLY SETTLEHS; THE WHOLE PRECEDED BY A HISTORY 

OF MICHIGAN, STATISTICS OF THE STATE, AND AN 

ABSTRACT OF ITS LAWS AND CONSTITUTION 

AND OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE 

UNITED STATES. 






Illustrated. 



CHICAGO : 

M. A LEE SON k CO. 

1882. 







WRITER'S PREFACE. 



The period has passed away forever when the once philosophic phrase — a thousand 
years scarce serve to form a State, could be used with propriety. The same may now be 
said of histor}'. The busy activities of oui- days, the march of progress, the wonderful 
advances of science and art. contribute to the realization of ideas, and crowd into a period 
of fifty years n gi-eater number of remarkable and important events, than fifty decades of 
olden times in the Eastern World could offer to the chronicler. Therefore, the compila- 
tion of history is not only justifiable, but also essential. It is the enduring record of 
years that can only through it be recalled, of men who will be honored by the American 
manhood of this and coming generations. 

This work is dedicated to the people of Macomb County. With the exception of the 
first part, the history of Michigan, it is distinctively local, and as such must be considered 
a magnificent record of a worth}- people. The work of the French and American pioneers 
of Macomb extends over a century. Within that period, they have raised it from its prim- 
itive condition to the rank of one of the first divisions of the State — cultivated its wild 
lands, built its villages and towns and brought into existence two importaot centers of 
population — Mt. Clemens and Romeo. They transmuted the marsh into fii'm earth, re- 
moved the forests, and decorated the river banks with happy homes and fertile fields. It 
is difficult to point out precisely the men who were foremost in contributing to this result: 
all share in the prosperity of the county, and take a special pride in its advancement; each 
citizen has experienced the luxury of doing good, and feels that life is not now a mere 
shadow of a dream. The alarms and anxieties attendant on the pioneer life have been 
changed to certainties and happy greetings. Those who saw the primeval forest waving 
over the land, lived on through the days of its destruction to see the clearings covered 
with the houses of merchants and manufacturers, or the fields and homes of a prosperous 
people. They wear the honors which justly belong to them; while those who died, ob- 
tained a glimpse of what they laljored for before passing away, and live in the memory of 
the present. The pioneers who are gone beheld the budding desires of younger days ex- 
pand into the flower, and. seeing, went to the undiscovered land beyond the grave, leaving 
their memories and their deeds to be carried down the stream of time. 

In these pages, an effort has been made to treat the history of the county in a full 
and impartial manner. Doubtless a few inacciu^acies may have crept in; but such must 
be attributed to other causes, rather than carelessness. In regard to the jiages devoted to 
personal history, a large sum of money, much labor and time have been expended on them. 
Even after the personal notes taken by the township historian were rewritten, and in 
many instances submitted, this very copy was placed on type-vsriter and mailed to the 
person concerned for revision. The biographies given here, together with their collection, 
would necessitate the steady work of one experienced man for five years. The collection 
of such facts as appear in the State and County histories, would entail on an inexperienced 
writer ten years' steady work, while the compilation of townshiji histories, as they appear 



f^ 



If 



WRITER'S PREFACE. 



-li^ 



here, would doubtless occupy the attention of such a writer for a year. Within a few 
months, this work has been begun and completed. Notwithstanding this remarkable 
celerity, it will be evident that little or nothing, which should have a place in its pages, 
has been omitted. It will also be evident throughout that the writer of the general history. 
as well as the gentlemen who collected tlie biograpliical notices, have realized the simple 
fact of undeserved praise being undisguised satire. In some instances, this realization 
ma-\- have led to too brief references to many meii. an account of whose lives might occupy 
man}' pages. 

The plan of this work is specially adapted to a great record book. All things per- 
taining in general to the State are dealt with in the State history, and form, as it were, an 
introduction to the county history. The latter is carried down from the first Otchipwe 
invasion to the present time, treating fully and impartially every subject of general in- 
terest to the people. So with the cities and the villages — they have been very liberally 
sketched: while each township has just sutficient notice given it to render its history a 
most valuable record for the future. 

We have been ably assisted in the work by the members of the county press. The 
written sketches of Judge James B. Eldredge. Edgar Weeks. John E. Day. Rev. H. N. 
Bissell, Dr. HoUistei-, were all requisitioned and yielded up a mine of historical informa- 
tion. 

The reminiscences of early settlement were selected from the writings of members of 
the- pioneer society, while the numerous anecdotes were written from facts obtained from 
the old settlers. 

To the coiinty officers our most sincere thanks are offered — -first, for placing their 
well-kept records at our disposal; second, for the material aid rendered in searching old 
record Isooks, and lastly, for the genial courtesy which marked their intercourse with us 
on all occasions. 

To Chauncey (1. Gady. George H. Cannon and John E. Day. members of the His- 
torical Committee of the Pioneer Society, we desire to extend oiu- thanks for the deep in- 
terest which they have taken in the work, as well as recognition of their faithful labors on 
the Committee of Revision and Correction. 

The gentlemen engaged in the biographical department of the work wereH. O. Brown, 
in Bruce and Washington; W. M. Bucklin. at Romeo ; E. B. Belden, in Ray; F. A. 
Stitt. in Sterling; Thomas Mitchell, in Harrison and Erin: WiJliam Dicer, in Shelby; 
Jesse Cloud, in IJtica; George T. Ma.son. at Mt. Clemens Ciiy: S. A. Stinson. in Chester- 
field; John E. Day, Secretary of the Pioneer Society, compiled the general and biograph- 
ical history of Armada and Richmond Townships; Horatio N. Richards, of Lenox, aud 
Calv n Davis, of Macomb. 

The support extended to the history was not so general as it should be: yet we feel 
satisfied that the quality of our subscribers compensates in a great measure for the loss iu 
number, by rendering our book so excellent in its biographical features. While the work 
deals with the county generally, it has, from a historical standpoint, been written expressly 
for those who supported it. The very few among the intelligent classes who did not order 
a book cannot now obtain a copy from us. To all we have given a history, which we be- 
lieve is perfect in detail, and from the patrons of the work we ask only a careful perusal 
of th(j various chapters before their criticism. 

Chicago, July, 1882. M. A. LEESON. 



CONTENTS 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



CHAPTER I. — The Aborigines 17 

The Fii-ot Immigration 18 

The Second Immigration 19 

The Tartars 21 

CHAPTER II — French Exploration and Settlement 22 

Ihe Recent Discoveries of St. Ignace 29 

La Salle's Travels 34 

. Detroit 35 

CHAPTER III.— The French and Indian War 38 



CHAPTER IV.— National Policies— British Policy 44 

.\merican Policy 44 

Ordinance of 1787 45 

CHAPTER v.— Military Histoby.— Pontiac's Siege of 



Ue 



48 



Expedirions of Harraar, Scott and Wilkinson 50 

Expeditions of St. Clair and Wayne 53 

Gen. Wayne's Great Victory ; 54 

Revolutionary War 56 

Hull's Surrender ^ 58 

Perry's Victory 59 

Closeof the War 61 

TheTecumseh War 82 

The Black Hawk War 66 

The Toledo War 66 

The Patriot War 74 

The Mexican War 78 

The War of 1861-(i5 78 

CHAPTER VI.— PoLmcAU History 79 

Administration of Gen. Cass 82 

Gen. George B. Porter's Administration 89 

Administration of Gov. Horner 91 

State Officers 97 

Political Statistics 101 

CHAPTER VII —Miscellaneous.— Fur Traders and Slave 

Owners 103 

Slavery in Michigan 103 

Sale of Kegro Man Pompey 106 

Public School System 106 

State University ■. 107 

State Normal School .". 108 

Agricultural College 108 

Other Colleges 109 

Charitable Institutions Ill 

The State Public School Ill 

Institution for Deaf. Vnmb and Blind 112 

Asylums for the Insane 113 

Penal Instituticms 113 

The State Prison in 1880 114 

Stale Reform School.: U5 

The Land Office — State Library 116 

State Fisheries 118 

CHAPTER VIII.— State Societies.— Pioneer Society of 

Michigan 118 

Roll of Pioneers 119 

First State Historical Society 126 

State Agricultural Society 126 

State Pomological Society 126 

State Firemen's Association 126 

State Board of Public Health 1-27 



Page. 
CHAPTER IX.— MicuioAN A.NU Its Resocrces.- Iron and 

Steel Industries I:;7 

The Copper Product ; 128 

The Productsof a Year 128 

Michigan Crops for 1881 129 

The Vessel Interest 131 

Growth of Forty Tears 131 

Leading the Van 13 J 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

CHAPTER X.— Introduction 133 

Geological Conformations 135 

Supeificial Materials 136 

Gas Wells l.'SS 

Subterranean Channels 139 

Water Reservoirs 1:19 

.Ancient Lake Sites 141 

Mineral Waters 141 

The Salt Springs of 1797 142 

Mt. Clemens Magnetic Waters 142 

Analysis 144 

Fossils 146 

Review of Physical Characteristics 145 

Archaeological 146 

Forts and Mounds of Macomb 148 

The Second Mound — Stone Mounds 149 

Forts Numbels Two and Thiee l.iO 

Survey by S. L. .Andrews 151 

Huge Skeletons 152 

Sundry Discoveries 152 

Zoological— Birds 164 

Mammalia IGU 

The Flora of the County 103 

Meteorological — The Big Snows 163 

The Black Days 164 

Tornado of 1836— The Meteor and Comet 161 

Eclipse of the Moon, 1881 166 

CHAPTER XI.— The Lmmans 166 

The Otchipwe Invasion 1G8 

The Miamisand Pottawatomiea 170 

Reign of the Cholera '71 

Indian Treaties — Treaty of Greenville 171 

Treaty of Detroit 172 

Treaty of Brownstown — Treaty of Saginaw 173 

Well-known Savages 174 

The Eagle Chief 176 

Okemos 179 

A Legend of Cusick Lake 180 

Early Traders and Interpreters 181 

Distinguished Early Settlers 186 

Captivity If the Boyer Family 187 

The Lost Child 188 

The Indians' Raid 190 

Indians on the Trail of an American 190 

Visit to the Indian Villoge 191 

Manners and Customs 193 

CHAPTER XII.— The French Pioneers 194 

Detroit in 1763 197 

The Pioneer Land Buyers of Macomb 199 

Squatters' Claims '. 200 

Indian Reservations 213 

La Riviere an Vases and Maconee Reserves 213 



Ml 



CONTENTS. 



Page. 
CHAPTER XlII— The Muuavijns— Settlement of tho Mo- 
ravian StlepectB 214 

MoriiviuD Indians, 1781 



Mo 



. 216 



MorATian Marriages 216 

Mannera, Habits and Customs 217 

1 Village 217 

The German ImmiKraUon of 1845 219 

CHAPTER XIV— PioNltER History 219 

Society ofl87I 221 

Organization of the County Pioneers 221 

Charter Members 224 

Members Enrolled Since Organization 225 

Pioneer Keminiscences— The O'Connor Family 229 

The Tuckar Family 232 

Christian Clemens 236 

C Clemens in a British Dungeon 237 

Uislinguishcd Visitant 238 

Chafilisiug a Savage 238 

Col. John Stockton— Thomas Ashley;. 239 

Chauncey G. Oady.. 240 

William A.Burt 241 

The Settlemen. of the Darlings 243 

Corbyn Reminiscences 244 

Carter Reminiscences 246 

Daniel W. Day's Reminiscences 246 

Reminiscences of John D. Holland 248 

Early Settlement In Shelby, by L. D. Owen 250 

The Past and Present— Poem 254 

CHAPTER XV.— Pioneer Reminiscences.— Pioneer Mothers -239 

The First Homes of the People 260 

The Keg of Gold 261 

Recluse of the Marsh — \ Mother-in-law's Journey 262 

Detroit to Mt. Clemens 26'4 

Fortunate Hunters 263 

Deer Hunting — Harrington's Coon Hunting 264 

Uunce and O'Keefe — Bear Experiences 265 

Dr. Gleeson and the Reptile 265 

Deer Hunting Made Easy 266 

Reminiscences of the Bailey Settlement 266 

The Deer of Providence 268 

Political Turncoat — Inwood's Bear Hunting 269 

A Bear in Bruce 270 

Noah Webster and the Bear 271 

Finch's Wolf Hunting 271 

Tragic End of a Wolf— Orderly Retreat 272 

Making Sugar Among the Wolves 272 

The Yellow Cat of Richmond 273 

Tlie Building of the Ship "Harriet" 273 

Jacob A. Crawford and the Speculator 273 

Lei.'Ure Hours in Pioneer Times 275 

ISuptial Feasts in Early Times 276 

Evening Visits 277 

Lumberii'g in Early Days ; 278 

Seasons of Sickness 279 

Death of Aianson Church 280 

A Pioneer Lawyer 281 

Chesterfield in Early Days 282 

Marriage Record in Early Days 283 

Marks for Cattle in Olden Times 289 

Pontiacand St. Clair Mail Routes 290 

Temperance and House liaising 291 

A Retrospect 294 

CHAPTER XVI.— Organization 295 

SI. Clair Township 296 

M.Hcoinb County Erfcted 296 

Locating the County Seat 296 

Oiiginal Townships 297 

Nauje Huron Changed to Clinton 297 

Clianj;*- of Boundary , 297 

Organic .Nummary 298 

Establishment of Townships 299 

Miscelhiricous Acts 300 

County Ollicera Past and Present 303 

Supervisors' Board 304 

CHAPTER XVII.— Political History 306 

County Elections 310 

CHAPTER XVIIl— Ti 

nals of Romeo.... 

Journals of Utica... 



Press or Macomb Countv. — Jour- 



330 



PAGE. 

Mt. Clemens 330 

New BAltimore — Richmond 335 

Armada^Personal Notices 336 

CHAPTER XIX— Poetry or Macomb— The World's Pioneer 344 

A Child's Prayer 346 

A Legend of Shelby Township 347 

Who Donglesthe Bell? 347 

My Mother 348 

The Garden of the Heart 348 

April Storms- Happy To-Night 349 

Tho Lonely Grave 349 

On the Death of Lincoln 350 

CHAPTER XX.— Progress of Education 353 

Sabbath Schools of the County 355 

CHAPTER XXr.— The Churches of Macomb 358 

CHAPTER XXII— The War for the U.mon.— Appoint- 
ments and statistics 374 

Record of Commissioned Officers 376 

First Michigan Infantry 384 

Second Michigan Infantry. 385 

Third Michigan Inf* try 385 

Fourth Michigan In'antry 386 

Fifth Michigan Infantry 387 

Sixth Michigan Infantry 392 

Seventh Michigan Infantry 392 

Eighth Michigan Infantry 393 

Ninth Michigan Infantry 393 

Tenth Michigan Infantry 394 

Eleventh Michigan Infantry 395 

Twelfth, Thirteenth and Fourteenth Michigan Infantry.. 396 

Fifteenth and Sixteenth Michigan Infantry 397 

Seventeenth, Eighteenth and Nineteenth Michigan In- 
fantry 398 

Twentieth, Twenty-first and Twenty-second Michigan 

Infantry 399 

Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twent.v-flfth, Twenty- 
sixth and Twenty-seventh Michigan Infantry 410 

Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Michigan 

Infantry 411 

First Michigan Colored Infantry 412 

First Michigan Engineers and Mechanics 412 

First Michigan Cav.,lry 413 

Second Michigan Cavalry 416 

Third Michigan Cavalry 416 

Fourth and Fifth Michigan Cavalry 416 

Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Michigan Cavalry 420 

Ninth and Tenth Michigan Cavalry 423 

Eleventh Michigan Cavalry — Light Artillery 424 

Soldiers and Sailors of Macomb and St. Clair 424 

Conclusion 430 

CHAPTER XXIII.— Olden Katebpbhes.— The City of Bel- 

videre 432 

Belvidere Land Titles 433 

Frederick or Casino— Other Villages 436 

Tremble Creek 435 

Railroads and Navigation 436 

The Weeks Contract 43s 

Action of the U. S. Troops 438 

Railroads 439 

Clinton River 440 

Harbor of Refuge, Belle River 441 

CHAPTER XXIV.— Courts and Bar or Macomb.— Circuit 

Court 442 

Retirement of Judge Morell 442 

The Grand Jury and the Judge 445 

Admissions to the Bar of Macomb County 445 

The Present Bar 447 

Imporfant Trials 448 

Electioneering in 1873 448 

The Hatheway Estate, Air Line Suit 449 

The C.ounty Court House 450 

Meeting of Romeo Citizens 461 

Logic of the Conservatives 451 

Laying the Corner Stone 464 

Mayor Crocker's Address 465 

The County Jail 460 

CH.\PTER XXV. — County Finances and Statistics. — 

Towns and Villages, Population in 1850-60 465. - 

Macomb County Statistics in 18.50 4(<i< 



TAOe, 

Populatiouin 1870 » 466 

Statistical, 1870 466 

Population iu 1880 467 

Equalized Valuation, 1842-81 4«S 

CHAPTER XXVI— Ar.Ricni.TVRALiNi) Faumehb' Associa- 
tions. — Agricultunii Development 469 

Macomb County Agricultural Society 473 

Union Farmers' Club 474 

The Grange 475 

Macomb County Grange 475 

Fine Stock Sheep Kaisers 476 

Farmers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company 481 

Sheei^Shearers' Association 482 

CHAPTER XXVII— Necrology 484 

CHAPTER XXVIII— Chronology 496 



HISTORY OF TOWNS. 



, 519 



CHAPTER XXIX.— Mount Clemens Citt. — Early Settle- 
ment 1 

Dentists and Dentistry 5iZ 

Platting the Village 523 

Organization 524 

Trustees 526 

Election in 1882 627 

American Settlers in 1821-22 629 

First Fleming Mill, Orchards, Cemetery 5;i9 

Glass Factory, Saw-Mills 530 

Inaugurating the Canal, Mount Clemens in 1868 530 

Progress in 1880 531 

Era of Advancement 632 

Telephone Exchange, Taxation 535 

The Clinton River 535 

The Death of Four Citizens 536 

Industries 537 

Hotels 539 

Religious History 541 

Schools of Mount Clemens 544 

Private Schools, 1840 to 1857 548 

History of the Academy 550 

Private Schools, 1867 to 1881 558 

Denominational Schools 559 

Union School 559 

Teachers, 1S57 to 1882 660 

Officers and Trustees 661 

Statistics 562 

Masonic. I. O. O. F 564 

Manufacturing Industries 565 

Clinton Township, Organization 567 

Town Itoit-r 568 

Schools and School Statistics 569 

Biographical Sketches. 570 

CHAPTER XXX.— RoHEo.— Naming the Village 613 

Organic 613 

First Settlers ; 616 

The Old Inhabitants 620 

The First Post Office 623 

Pioneer Physicians 624 

Reminiscences of Early Times 624 

Leisure Hours 625 

A Few Well Remembered Settlers 625 

Romeo in 1836-37 626 

Romeo in 1881 628 

Schools and School Teachers 628 

The Romeo Academy 530 

Rpligious 632 

Libraries and Museums 636 

Societies 636 

Romeo Carriage Company 639 

Romeo Mineral Well 639 

Sash and Blind Factory 641 

Biographical Sketches 642 

CHAPTER XXXl.—ABMAnA.— Organization, First Town 

Meeting 679 

Pioneers of Armada 681 

Armada Village 683 

Post Office 685 



PAOE. 

Armada Agricultural Society '...'. 685 

Armada C. L. S. C 6S6 

Armada Literary Society 686 

Schools 687 

Biographical Sketches 687 

CHAPTER XXXII.— Shelby Towssair.— Orgaldc 717 

Town Roster 7IS 

Schools, Utica Village 719 

Organization, Disco Village — 721 

Utica Lyceum, Congregational Church 722 

Biographical Sketches 722 

CHAPTER XXXIII.— Bri(F, Township.— Grand Trunk 

Railroad, Air Line 743 

Schools, Scotch Settlement 743 

Bounty for Wolf Scalps— Statistical '. 1H 

Limsof the Reside Child 744 

Biographical Sketches 745 

CHAPTER XXXIV— Macomb Township —First Schools 767 

First Settlers— Organization 767 

Town Officers 768 

Physical and Statistical 768 

Schools— Macomb Village 769 

Biographical Sketches 770 

CHAPTER XXXV -Richmond Township 778 

Town Roster 779 

Richmond Village 781 

Township Schools in 1881 781 

Baptist Church of Richmond Village 782 

Memphis Village 782 

Biographical Sketches 786 

CHAPTER XXXM.— Washington Township. — Organiza- 
tion 806 

Town Roster 8»7 

Grand Trunk Railroad of Michigan ^07 

Michigan Air Line Railroad ~ 808 

Reminiscences of Early Days in Washington 808 

TheOrissman Scho.'.l 808 

Schools — A Temperance Building 809 

Mention of a Few Old Settlers 809 

Reminders of the Past- Methodist Church .... 810 

Washington Union Church Society 810 

South Burial Ground 811 

Villages of the Township 811 

Reminiscences of C. Harlow Green 812 

Biographical Sketches '■ 813 

CHAPTER XXXVII —Sterling Township.— The Fint Set- 
tlers .-. 846 

Organization— The First Election 846 

Roster of Office™ 847 

School" : 84S 

Biographical Sketches .« 848 

iOHAPTER XXXVIII.— Warkkn Township 852 

Town Officers S.IR 

Village of Warren 853 

Township Schools 8.54 

St. Clement's Catholic Church 8.'''4 

Biographical Sketches 855 

CHAPTER XXXIX.— Rav Township 8,i7 

Organization 858 

Town Roster 859 

Eccentriciti-^s of Town Board 860 

Teachers' Association 860 

Patriot War— Crawford School 860 

Schools in 1881-1882 860 

Ray Center — Davis 861 

Biogriphicai Sketches 863 

CHAPTER XL.— Lenox Township. — 0rgani7.ation 877 

First Meeting 877 

Town Roster 87« 

Schools 879 

Biographical Sketches 808 

CHAPTER XLI.— Harrison Township —Town Roster 888 

Organization 889 

Physical Characteristics 889 

First Evfhts 810 

Literary and Educational 890 

1 Present Schools 891 

Biographical Sketches 891 



Aj, <S fc- 



n> 




PAGE. 

CHAPTER XLII.— Erin Township.— Organization 893 

Tovvnship Officers S94 

T.i« Mship Schojis 894 

VMUi-.-s 894 

l)i..g,;,|.liical Sketches 895 

CHAPTER XLIII. — Chesterfield Township. — Organizatiou 901 

Town Roster 901 

Ciiurclies — Sch lols „ 90i 

Masonic— New Batimore 902 

Manufacturing Industries 903 

Biugrapliical Sketches 904 



RECENT HAPPENINGS. 

Tianeactions of the Pioneer Society, 18S2 915 

Earlv Banka and Bankers of Macomb County 917 

WildVat Banks 920 

The Bank of Dtica 920 

The Farmers' Bank of Komeo 922 

The Clinton Riser Bank 922 

The Bank of Lake St. Clair 922 

Conclusion 924 



PORTRAITS. 

Bailey, Asahel 633 

Bailey, Cynthia 633 



Brownell, William 729 

Cady, C. G 240 

Cannon, George W 256 

Cannon, Lucy M 256 

Cooley, Dennis, M. D. (deceased) 497 

Cro'-ker, T. M ' 569 

Day, Erastua 793 

Dickinson, Joshua B 633 

Douglass, Isaac 617 

Hazelton, H. R 371 

Hendrick, F. G 585 

Keeler, Mary J 809 

Keeler, Nathan 809 

Phillipa, G. W est 

Phillips, Mrs. G. W 681 

Sherman, Hiram 666 

Sherman, M. W 666 

Smith, Elisha (deceased) 825 

Smith, Mrs. Elisha 825 

Steffens, i^harles 479 

Sterling, A. W. (deceased) 519 

Weekly, Edgar 443 



ILLUSTRATION'S. 

Firet Schoolhouae in Romeo 629 K 

High School Building, Mt Clemens 551 

Macomb County Court House 305 f 

Macomb County Jail 461 -. 



iA 



ERRATA 924 




■^ 






History of Michigan. 



CHAPTER I. 



THE ABORIGIMES. 



Scientists have ascribed to the Mound Builders varied origins, and though 
their divergence of opinion may, for a time, seem incompatible with a thorougli 
investigation of the subject, and tend to a confusion of ideas, no doubt whatever 
may exist as to tlie comparative accuracy of conclusions arrived at by a few of the 
investigators. Like the vexed questions of tlie Pillar Towers and Garden Beds, 
it has caused much speculation, and elicited opinions from so manj' antiquarians, 
ethnologists, and travelers, that little remains to be known of the prehistoric peo- 
ples of America. That this continent is co-existent with the world of the ancients 
can not be questioned. Every investigation, made under the auspices of modern 
civilization confirms the fact and leaves no channel open through which the skeptic 
can escape the thorougli refutation of his opinions. China, with its numerous living 
testimonials of antiquity, with its ancient, though limited, literature and its Babelish 
superstitions, claims a continuous history from antediluvian times ; but although its 
continuity may be denied with every just reason, there is nothing to prevent the 
transmission of a hieroglj-phic record of its history prior to ltJ56 Anno Mundi, since 
many traces of its early settlement survived the Deluge, and became sacred objects 
of the first historical epoch. This very survival of a record, such as that of which 
the Chinese boast, is not at variance with the designs of a God who made and ruled 
the universe ; but that an antediluvian people inhabited this continent, will not be 
claimed ; because it is not probable, though it may be possible, that a settlement in 
a land which may be considered a portion of the Asiatic continent, was effected by 
the immediate followers of tlie first progenitors of the human race. Therefore, on 
entering the study of the ancient people who raised these tumulus monuments over 
large tracts of the country, it will be just sufficient to wander back to that time 
when the flood-gates of heaven were swung open to hurl destruction on a wicked 
world ; and in doing so the inquirj^ must be based on legendary, or rather upon many 
circumstantial evidences ; for, so far as written narrative extends, there is nothing 
to show that a movement of people too far east resulted in a western settlement. 






HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



THE FIRST IMMIGRATION. 

The first and most probable sources in which the origin of the Builders must 
be sought, are those countries lying along the eastern coast of Asia, which doubtless 
at that time stretched far beyond its present limits, and presented a continuous shore 
from Lapatka to Point Cambodia, holding a population comparatively civilized, and 
all professing some elementary form of Boodhisra of later days. Those peoples, 
like the Chinese of the present, were bound to live at home, and probably observed 
that law until after the confusion of languages and the dispersion of the builders of 
Babel, in 1757, A. M.; but subsequently, within the following century, the old Mon- 
golians, like the new, crossed the great ocean in the very paths taken by the present 
representatives of the race, arrived on the same shores, which now extend a very 
questionable hospitality to them, and entered at once upon the colonization of the 
countr}' south and east, while the Caucasian race engaged in a similar movement 
of exploration and colonization over what may be justly termed the western ex- 
tension of Asia, and both peoples growing stalwart under the change, attained a 
moral and physical eminence to which they never could lay claim under the tropical 
sun which shed its beams upon the cradle of the human race. 

That mysterious people who, like the Brahmins of to-day, worshipped some 
transitory deity, and in after years, evidently embraced the idealization of Bood- 
hism, as preached in Mongolia early in the thirty-fifth century of the world, together 
with acquiring the learning of the Confucian and Pythagorean schools of the same 
period, spread all over the land, and in their numerous settlements erected these 
raths, or mounds, and sacrificial altars whereon they received their peroidical visiting 
gods, surrendered their bodies to natural absorption or annihilation, and watched 
for the return of some transmigrated soul, the while adoring the universe, which 
with beings they believed would be eternally existent. They possessed religious 
orders corresponding, in external show at least, with the Essenes or Theraputse of 
the pre-Christian and Christian epochs, and to the reformed Theraputte or monks 
of the present. Everj' memento of their coming and their stay which has descended 
to us is an evidence of their civilized condition. The free copfier found within the 
tumuli ; the open veins of the Superior and Iron Mountain copper mines, with all 
the modus operandi of ancient mining, such as ladders, levers, chisels and hammer- 
heads, discovered by the Frencii explorers of the Northwest and Mississippi, are 
conclusive proofs that those prehistoric people were highly civilized, and that many 
flourishing colonies were spread throughout the Mississippi Valley, while yet the 
mammoth, the mastodon, and a hundred other animals, now only known by their 
gigantic fossil remains, guarded the eastern shore of the continent, as it were, against 
supposed invasions of the Tower Builders who went west from Babel ; while yet the 
beautiful isles of the Antilles formed an integral portion of this continent, long years 



rpr 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 19 



before the European Northmen dreamed of setting forth to the discovery of Green- 
land and the northern isles, and certainl3'at a time when all that portion of America 
nortli of 45 deg. was an ice-incumbered waste. 

Within the last few years great advances have been made toward the dis- 
covery of antiquities whether pertaining to remains of organic or inorganic nature. 
Together with many small but telling relics of the early inhabitants of the country, 
the fossils of prehistoric animals have been unearthed from end to end of the land, 
and in districts, too, long pronounced b)' geologists of some repute to be without 
even a vestige of vertebrate fossils. Among the collected souvenirs of an age 
about which so very little is known, are twenty-five vertebrte averaging thir- 
teen inclies in diameter, and three vertabrse, ossified together measuring nine 
cubical feet ; a thigh-bone five feet long by twent3'-eight in diameter, and 
the shaft fourteen by eight inches thick, the entire lot weighing 600 pounds. 
These fossils are presumed to belong to the cretaceous period when the Dino- 
saur roamed over the country from east to west, desolating the villages of the 
people. This animal is said to be sixty feet long, and when feeding in cypress 
and palm forests, to extend himself eighty-five feet, so that lie may devour the bud- 
ding tops of those great trees. Other efforts in this direction may lead to great 
results, and culminate probably in the discovery of a tablet engraven by some 
learned Mound Builder, describing, in the ancient hieroglyphics of China, all those 
men and beasts whose history excites so much speculation. The identity of the 
Mound Builders with the Mongolians might lead us to hope for such a consum- 
mation ; nor is it beyond the range of probability, particularly in this practical age, 
to find the future of some industrious antiquarian requited by the upheaval of a 
tablet written in the Tartar characters of 1700 years ago, bearing on a subject which 
can now be treated only on a purely circumstantial basis. 

THE SECOND IMMIGRATION 

may have begun a few centuries prior to the Christian era, and unlike the former 
expedition or expedtions, to have traversed northeastern Asia, to its Arctic confines, 
and then east to the narrow channel now known as Behring's Straits, which they 
crossed, and sailing up the unchanging Yukon, settled under the shadow of Mount 
St. Elias for many years, and pushing south commingled with their countrymen, 
soon acquiring the characteristics of the descendants of the first colonists. Chinese 
chronicles tell of such a people, who went north, and were never heard of more. 
Circumstances conspire to render that particular colony the carrier of a new religious 
faith and of an alphabetic system of representative character to the old colonists, 
and they, doubtless, exercised a most beneficial influence in other respects ; because 
tlie influx of immigrants of such culture as were the Chinese, even of that remote 
period, must necessarily bear very favorable results, not only in bringing in reports 



rfv- 



-f-— 4 



A 



20 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



of their travels, but also accounts from the fatherland bearing on the latest 
events. 

With the idea of a second and important exodus there are many theorists united, 
one of whom says : " It is now tlie generally received opinion that the first inhabi- 
tants of America passed over from Asia through these straits." 

The Esquimaux of North America, tlie Samoieds of Asia, and the Laplanders 
of Europe, are supposed to be of the same family ; and this supposition is strength- 
ened by the affinity which exists in their languages. The researches of Humboldt 
have traced the Mexicans to the vicinity of Behring's Straits ; whence it is con- 
jectured, that they, as well as the Peruvians and other tribes, came originally from 
Asia, and were the Hurignoos, who are, in the Chinese annals, said to have 
emigrated under Puno, and to have been lost in the north of Siberia." 

Since this theory is accepted by most antiquarians, there is every reason to be- 
lieve that from the discovery of what may be called an overland route to what was 
then considered an eastern extension of that country which is now known as tlie 
" Celestial Empire," many caravans of emigrants passed to their new homes in the 
land of illimitable possibilities until the way became a well-marked trail over which 
tlie Asiatic might travel forward, and having once entered the Elysian fields never 
entertained an idea of returning. Thus from generation to generation tlie tide of 
immigration poured in until the slopes of the Pacific and the banks of the great in- 
land rivers became hives of busy industry. Magnificent cities and monuments were 
raised at the bidding of the tribal leaders, and populous settlements centered with 
liappy villages, sprung up everywhere in manifestation of the power and wealth 
and knowledge of the people. The colonizing Caucasian of the historic period 
walked over tliis great country on the very ruins of a civilization which a thousand 
3'ears before eclipsed all that of whicli he could boast. He walked through the 
wilderness of the West over buried treasures hidden under the accumulated growth 
of nature, nor rested until he saw, with great surprise, the remains of ancient pyra- 
mids and temples and cities, larger and evidently more beautiful than ancient Egypt 
could bring forth after its long years of uninterrupted history. The pyramids re- 
semble those of Egypt in exterior form, and in some instances are of larger dimen- 
sions. The pyramid of Cholula is square, having each side of its base 1,335 feet in 
length, and its height about 172 feet. Another pyramid, situated in the north of 
Vera Cruz, is formed of large blocks of highly polished porphyry, and bears upon its 
front hieroglyphic inscriptions and curious sculpture. Each side of its square base 
is eighty-two feet in length, and a flight of fifty-seven ste23s conducts to its summit, 
which is sixty-five feet in height. The ruins of Palenque are said to extend twenty 
miles along the ridge of a mountain, and the remains of an Aztec city near the 
banks of the river Gila, are spread over more than a square league. Their literature 



— IS 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



consisted of hieroglyph ics ; but their arithmetical knowledge did not extend further 
than their calculations by the aid of grains of corn. Yet, notwithstanding all their 
varied accomplishments, and they were evidently many, their notions of religious 
duty led to a most demoniac zeal, at once barbarously savage and ferociously cruel. 
Each visiting god, instead of bringing new life to the people, brought death to tliou- 
sands ; and their grotesque idols, exposed to drown the senses of the beholders in 
fear, wrought wretchedness rather than spiritual happiness, until, as some learned 
and humane Mouteziimian said, the people never approached these idols without 
fear, and this fear was the great animating principle, the great religious motive power 
which sustained the terrible religion. Their altars were sprinkled with blood drawn 
from their own bodies in large quantities, and on them thousands of human victims 
were sacrificed in honor of the demons whom they worshipped. The head and heart 
of every captive taken in war were offered up as a bloody sacrifice to the god of 
battles, while the victorious legions feasted on the remaining portions of the dead 
bodies. It has been ascertained that, during the ceremonies attendant on the con- 
secration of two of their temples, tlie number of prisoners offered up in sacrifice was 
12,210 ; while their own legions contributed voluntary victims to the terrible belief 
in large numbers. Nor did this honible custom cease immediately after 1521, when 
Cortez entered the imperial city of the Montezumas; for, on being driven from it, 
all his troops wlio fell into tiie hands of the native soldiers were subjected to the 
most terrible and prolonged suffering that could be experienced in this world, and 
when about to yield up that spirit wliich is indestructible, were offered in sacrifice, 
their hearts and heads consecrated, and the victors allowed to feast on the yet warm 
flesh. 

A reference is made here to the period when the Montezumas ruled over Mex- 
ico, simply to gain a better idea of the hideous idolatry which took the place "of the 
old Boodhism of the Mound Builders, and doubtless helped in a great measure to 
give victory to the new-comers, even as the tenets of Mahommetanism urged the 
ignorant follo^wers of the prophet to the conquest of great nations. It was not the 
faith of the people who built the mounds and the pyramids and the temples, and 
who, two hundred years before the Christian era, built tlie great wall of jealous 
China. No; rather was it that terrible faith born of the Tartar victory, which 
carried the great defences of China at the point of the javelin and hatchet, who 
afterwards marched to the very walls of Rome, under Alaric, and spread over the 
islands of Polynesia to the Pacific slopes of South America. 

THE TARTARS 

came there, and, like the pure Mongols of Mexico and the Mississippi valley, rose 
to a state of civilization bordering on that attained by them. Here for centuries 
the sons of the fierce Tartar race continued to dwell in comparative peace, until the 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



all-ruling empire took in the whole country from the Pacific to the Atlantic, and 
peopled the v.ist territory watered by the Amazon, with a race that was destined 
to conquer all the peoples of the Orient, and only to fall before the march of the 
arch-civilizing Caucasian. In course of time these fierce Tartars pushed their set- 
tlements northward, and ultimately entered the territories of the Mound Builders, 
putting to death all who fell within their reach, and causing the survivors of the 
death-dealing invasion to seek a refuge from the hordes of this semi-barbarous 
people in the wilds and fastnesses of the North and Northwest. The 
beautiful country of the Mound Builders was now in the hands of savage invaders, 
the quiet, industrious people, who raised the temples and pyramids were gone ; 
and the wealth of intelligence and industry accumulating for ages, passed into the 
possession of a rapacious horde, who could admire it only so far as it offered objects 
for plunder. 

Even in this the invaders were satisfied, and then, having arrived at the height 
of their ambition, rested on their swords and entered upon the luxury and ease, in 
the enjoyment of which they were found when the vanguard of European civiliza- 
tion appeared upon the scene. Meantime the southern countries which these 
adventurers abandoned after having completed their conquests in the North, were 
soon peopled by hundreds of people, always moving from island to island and ulti- 
mately halting amid the ruins of villages deserted by those who, as legends tell, 
had passed eastward but never returned; and it would scarcely be a matter for sur- 
prise if those emigrants were found to be the progenitors of that race found by the 
Spaniards in 1532, and identical with the Araucanians, Cuenches and Huiltiches 
of to-day. 



CHAPTER II. 

FRENCH EXPLORATION AND SETTLEMENT. 

The fame of Marquette continues to gain strength as days advance. Notwith- 
standing all his countrymen had written of him, the new Americans continue to 
iiKjuire into his magnificent career, and to add to the store of information regarding 
liim, already garnered. Rev. Geo. Duffield, of Detroit, is one of his latest biogra- 
phers, and from his writings on the life of the missionary, we make the following 
extracts : 

Jacques Marquette came late to his fame. Open Davenport's Dictionary of 
Biography, 1831, " comprising the most eminent characters of all ages, nations and 
professions," and you will not find even so much as his name. Turn for that name 



rtf- 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



to the Cyclopedia of Biography by Parke Godwin, with a supplement by George 
Sheppard, A. D. 1872, and you will not find it there, and so with many similar 
works. Hence we see the need of such an historical society as the present, that 
one of the greatest and best of the original founders of Michigan may receive his 
due credit, and be honored with an appropriate memorial. 

Marquette was born of an honorable family at Laon, in the north of France, in 
the year 1637, but the month and day of his birth are not easily found, and I have 
nowhere seen his portrait. In 1654 he joined the Society of the Jesuits, and in 
1666 was sent to the missions in Canada. After the river St. Lawrence and the 
great lakes had been mapped out, the all-absorbing object of interest with Governor 
Frontenac Talch, the inteudant, and Marquette himself, was to discover and trace 
from the north the wonderful Mississippi, that DeSoto, the Spaniard, had first seen 
at the south in 1541. In 1668 (according to Bancroft, III, 152), he repaired to the Chip- 
pewas at the Sault to establish the mission of St. Mary, the oldest settlement begun 
by Europeans within the present limits of the commonwealth of Michigan. On 
the day of the immaculate conception of the Holy Virgin, in 1673, he received his 
orders from Frontenac, to accompany Joliet on his long-desired journey. Taking 
probably the short trail through the woods he found his companion at Point St. 
Ignace, where, after many remarkable vicissitudes, both in life and death, he was 
at length to find his grave, where his numerous friends and admirers, both French 
and Indian, were for so long a time to lose sight of it again, and where a second 
time he gains his place as one of the founders of Michigan. 

Apart from his peculiar mission, which was looked upon by " the Protestant 
colonies " of New England with anything but favorable eyes ; apart from his pecu- 
liar dogma of the conception, which has only been officially sanctioned in our day 
and by the late Pope, there were many things in the life and times of Mar- 
quette that, to the lover of biography, make his character as attractive as that of 
Francis Xavier, " the great apostle of the Indies," or of his still greater master, 
Ignatius Loyola. The man in these days who can not admire, and even to a certain 
extent venerate man as man, apart from his more immediate antecedents or local 
surroundings, has but a very limited and mistaken idea of the enlightened spirit of 
the age, or the true dignity of human natui'e. Honor to whom honor is due, is not 
only a sound maxim, founded on that equity which is the highest form of justice, 
but is also in just so many words one of the very first principles of Cliristianity 
itself. When I can not give a man credit for -what he really is, because he belongs 
to another party than my own, or give him credit for what he has done, because he 
belongs to another denomination than my own, I deserve to be consigned for the 
remainder of my days to a hole in the woods. 

The pioneers of our country, no doubt, have had a very hard time of it, and 



liL 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



none more so than ray Scotch-Irish ancestors in central Pennsylvania. From the 
childhood of Daniel Webster down to the present hour, it would argue a very igno- 
rant mind and most unfeeling and ungrateful heart to read the toils and trials and 
privations endured by men and women in the early settlement of this or any other 
State ; but after all what are the hardships of the early settlers compared with those 
of Allouez, in 1665, afloat in a frail canoe on the broad expanse of Lake Superior, 
of Dablon, Marquette, LaSalle, and others of the original explorers ? 

" Defying tlie severity of climate," as Bancroft lias it, " wading through water 
or through snows, without the comfort of fire ; having no bread but pounded 
corn, and often no food but the unwholesome moss from the rocks; laboring inces- 
santly, exposed to live, as it were, without nourishment, to sleep without a resting 
place ; to travel far, and always incurring perils ; to carry their lives in their hands ; 
or rather daily and oftener than every day, to hold them up as targets, expecting 
captivity, death from the tomahawk, tortures, fires" — (Bancroft, III., 152.) It 
seems to me that if there are any two classes of men who should be most cordially 
linked in closest bonds of sympathy with one another, it is the pioneers and 
explorers. 

Marquette was much more than a religious enthusiast. He was a scholar and 
a man of science. Having learned within a few years to speak with ease in six 
different languages, his talents as a linguist were quite remarkable. A subtle 
element of romance pervaded his character, which not only makes it exceedingly 
attractive to us in the retrospect, but was no doubt one of tlie great sources and 
elements of his power and success among his beloved Ottawas and Hurons, and 
others of the great Algonquin tribes, who were found in the immediate vicinity of 
the straits of Michilimaekinac. With a fine eye for natural beauty, he was as much 
delighted with a rapid river, or extended lake, vpith an old forest or rolling prairie, 
or a lofty mountain as a Birch, or a Cole, or a Bierstadt. Every one who touches 
his character seems emulous of adorning it with a new epithet. Parkman speaks 
of him as "the humble Marquette, who with clasped iiandsand up-turned eyes, seems 
a figure evoked from some dim legend of mediaeval saintship." Bancroft calls 
him " the meek, gentle, single-hearted, unpretending, illustrious Marquette." — 
Vol. III., p. 157. Many call him " the venerated;" all unite in calling him "the 
g(i(i(l Marquette," and by this last, most simple, but appropriate title he will be the 
best remembered by the generations yet to come. " A man who was delighted at 
the happy necessity of exposing his life to bring the word of God" witliin reach 
of half a continent deserves that title if any one does. His Catholic eulogist, 
John Gilnian Shea, (Catliolic World, November, 1877, p. 267,) writes with pardon- 
able pride : " No missionary of that glorious band of Jesuits who in the seventeenth 
century announced the faith from the Hudson Bay to the lower Mississippi, who 



■f^ 



AH 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



hallowed by their labors and life-blood so many a wild spot now occupied by the 
busy hives of men, none of them impresses us more in his whole life and career 
with his piety, sanctity and absolute devotion to God, than Father Marquette. In 
life he seems to have been looked up to with reverence by the wildest savage, by 
the rude frontiersman, and by the polished officers of government. When he had 
passed away, his name and his fame, so marked in the great West, was treasured 
above that of his fellow-laborers, Menard, Allouez, Nouvel or Druillettes." May I 
not add that, most of all other States, his name and his fame should be dear to 
Michigan ? 

Such, then, was the man who on the 17th of May, 1673, with the simple outfit 
of two bircli canoes, a supply of smoked meat and Indian corn, and a crew of five 
men, embarked on what was then known as Lac Des Illinois, now Lake Michigan. 
June 10th they came to the portage, in Wisconsin, (III., 158,) and after carrying 
their canoes some two miles over marsii and prairie, " he committed himself to the 
current that was to bear them he knew not whitlier — perhaps to the Gulf of Mex- 
ico, perhaps to the South Sea, or the Gulf of California." June 17, 1673, where 
now stands Prairie Du Ghien, he had found what he sought, "and with a joy that 
I can not express we steered forth our canoes on the Mississippi, or great river." 
We know that the honor of this discovery is very stoutly contested in favor of 
LaSalle, but for the present we confidently hold with Parkman (Discovery of the 
Great West, p. 25): " LaSalle discovered the Ohio, and in all probabilit}'' the Illinois 
also ; but that he discovered the Mississippi has not been proved, nor in the light 
of the evidence we have, is it likely." In 1816 W. J. A. Bradford, in his notes on 
the Nortli west, says very dogmatically: "Father Hennepin must undoubtedly be 
considered the discoverer of the Mississippi;" but if the proof of it is only to be 
establislied by Hennepin's own narrative, which Parkman describes as a rare mon- 
ument of brazen mendacity, the proof is still wanting. His famous voyage from 
the Illinois to the Gulf of Mexico must be considered not only as a falsehood, but 
a plagiarism. 

Fortunately for the fame of Marquette, the true record of his labors was not left 
to doubtful tradition and the hearsay testimony of Charlevoix. Among the papera 
some twenty-five years since in the archives of the College of Quebec are accounts 
of the last labors and death of Father Marquette, and of the removal of his 
remains, prepared for publication by Father Dablon ; Marquette's journal of his 
great expedition, tlie very map he drew, and a letter left unfinished at the time of 
his death. So at least says Mr. Shea, and that these documents are tn be found in 
his work on the discovery and exploration of the Mississippi Valley. 

Leaving, then, the doubtful narrative of Charlevoix and the romantic page of 
Bancroft founded upon it, we learn the real story of his death. October 25, 



-^|>. 



Ll^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



1674, he again left St. Ignace to fulfill a promise to the Kaskaskias in Illinois. 
December 4th he reached Cliicago, hoping to ascend the river, and by a portage 
reach the Illinois: but the ice had closed the stream and it was too late. A winter 
march, facing the cutting wind of the prairie was beyond his strength. His two 
faithful companions erected a log hut home and chapel — the first dwelling and the 
first church of the first white settlement of the city — known for its great misfortune 
the world over, the city of Chicago. 

With the opening of Spring the good father again set out, and his last letter 
notes his progress till the 6th of April, 1675. " Just after Easter he was again 
stricken by disease (dysentery), and he saw that if he would die in the arms of 
his brethren " at St. Ignace, he must depart at once. Escorted by the Kaskaskias, 
who were deeply impressed by his zeal, he reached Lake Michigan, gave orders to 
his faithful men to launch his canoe, and commenced his adventurous voyage along 
that still unknown and dangerous shore. His strength, however, failed so much 
that his men despaired of being able to convey him alive to their journey's end; 
for in fact he became so weak and so exhausted that he could no longer help him- 
self, nor even stir, and had to be handled and carried like a child. He nevertheless 
in this state maintained an admirable resignation, joy and gentleness, consoling his 
beloved companions, and encouraging them to suffer courageously all the hardships 
of this voyage." " On the eve of his death, which was on Friday, he told them, 
all radiant with joy, that it would take place on the morrow, and spoke so calmly 
and collectedly of his death and burial that you would have thought it was another's 
and not his own. 

Thus did he speak to them as they sailed along the lake, till perceiving the 
mouth of a river, with an eminence on the bank which he thought suited to his 
burial, he told them that it was the place of his last repose. They wished, how- 
ever, to pass on, as the weather permitted it and the day was not far advanced ; 
but God raised a contrary wind, which obliged them to return and enter the river 
which the father had designated. 

They then carried him ashore, kindled a little fire and raised a bark cabin 
for his use, laying him in it with as little discomfort as they could ; but they were so 
depressed by sadness that, as they afterward said, they did not know what they were 
doing." 

Many a time and oft, in my favorite summer home at Mackinac, have I had this 
whole scene pass before me as in a day-dream from Point Lookout, until last Sum- 
mer it took the form of accordant I'hyme : 



Where the gently flowing river merges with the stormy lake. 
Where upon the beach so barren ceaseless billows roll and break. 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



There the barque so frail and gallant, known throughout the western world, 
Glides into the long-sought haven and its weary wings are furled. 
Here, says one, I end my voyage and my sun goes down at noon ; 
Here I make the final traverse, and the part comes not too soon; 
Let God have " the greater glory," care have I for naught beside, 
But to bear the blest evangel, Jesus Christ, the crucified. 

II. 

Slow and faint into the forest, straight he takes his quiet way. 
Kneels upon the virgin mosses, prays as he is wont to pray ; 
Nunc dimiitis — then they hear him sweetly sing as ne'er before; 
Then the angels join in chorus, and Marquette is now no more. 
This the prayer he leaves behind him, as is said his latest mass^ 
"One day bear me to my mission, at the Pointe of St. Ignace." 
Entered into rest from labor, where all toils and tempests cease, 
Every sail outspread and swelling, so he finds the port of peace. 

III. 

Once again that spot so sacred hears the sound of human feet, 

And the gently flowing river sees a strange funereal fleet ; 

'Tis the plumed and painted warriors, of their different tribes the best. 

Who have met in solemn council to fulfill his last request. 

Down their cheeks the tears are flowing, for the sainted man of God; 

Not the bones of dearest kindred dear as those beneath that sod, 

Reverently the grave they open, call the dear remains their own — 

Sink them in the running water, cleanse and whiten every bone. 

Place them gently in the mocock, wrought with woman's choicest skill. 

From the birch the very whitest, and the deepest colored quill ; 

In the war canoe the largest, to his consecrated tomb. 

Like a chief who falls in battle, silently they bear him home. 

IV. 

Gathers still the sad procession, as the fleet comes slowly nigh. 
Where the cross above the chapel stands against the northern sky ; 
Every tribe and every hamlet, from the nooks along the shore, 
Swell the company of mourners, who shall see his face no more. 



Forth then thro' the deepening twilight sounds the service high and clear. 
And the dark-stoled priests with tapers guide and guard the rustic bier ; 
In the center of the chapel, close by little Huron's wave. 
Near the tall and stately cedars, Pere Marquette has found his grave. 

VI. 

Still I hear the Miserere sounding loud within my soul. 

Still I hear the De Profundis, with its solemn cadence roll — 

" For the blood of thy red brother, who shall answer in that day." 

When before the throne of judgment earth and heaven shall pass away. 



'L 



28 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



When these lines were written I had not seen the narrative of Fatliev Dablon, 
but a further extract from it will show that there was very little poetic license in 
them as to the leading facts. 

" God did not permit so precious a deposit to remain unhonored and forgotten 
amid the forests. The Indians called Kiskakons, who have for nearly ten years 
publicly professed Christianity, in which they were first instructed by Father Mar- 
quette, when stationed at La Pointe du St. Esprit, at the extremity of Lake Supe- 
rior, were hunting last year, not far from Lake Illinois {i. e. Michigan), and as 
they were returning early in the Spring they resolved to pass the tomb of their good 
father, whom they tenderly loved, and God even gave them the thought of taking 
his bones and conveying them to our church at the mission of St. Ignatius. 

" They accordingly repaired to the spot and deliberated together, resolving to 
act with their father, as they usually do with those whom they respect. They 
opened the grave, unrolled the body, and though the flesh and intestines were all 
dried up, they found it entire, without the skin being injured. This did not pre- 
vent their dissecting it according to custom. They washed the bones and dried 
them in the sun ; then ^Jutting them neatly in a box of birch bark, they set out to 
bear them to our house at St. Ignatius. 

" The convoy consisted of nearly thirty canoes in excellent order, including 
even a good number of the Iroquois " (a very I'erocious tribe, who were a great 
terror to other tribes and especially hostile to the Jesuits), "who had joined our 
Algonquins to honor the ceremony. As they approached our house Father Nouvel, 
who is superior, went to meet them with Father Pierson, accompanied by all the 
French and Indians of the place ; and having caused the convoy to stop, he made 
the ordinary interrogations to verify the fact that the body which they bore was 
reall}^ Father Marquette. Then before they landed he intoned the De Profundis 
in sight of the thirty canoes still on the water, and of all the people still on the 
shore. After this the body was carried to the church, observing all that the ritual 
prescribes for such ceremonies. It remained exposed under his catafalque all that 
day, which was Whitsun Monday, the 8th of June, and the next day, when all the 
funeral honors had been paid to it, it was deposited in a little vault in the middle of 
the i-Jmrah, where he reposes as the guardian angel of our Ottawa missions." 

So far the invaluable record of Dablon. We come now to 1706, when for well- 
known reasons, for which we can not pause, the Jesuits at St. Ignace broke up their 
mission, set fire to their house and chapel and returned to Quebec. What became 
of the bones of Marquette ? Did thej' carry them with them to Quebec? No ; they 
left in haste, and fled almost as for their lives. "There is nothing in Canadian 
registers, which are extensive, full and well preserved." "Charlevoix, who 
was at Quebec on the return of the missionaries, is silent." There is little 

\^(S r- -Tf bIV " 



Ll^^ 



HISTORY OF JIICHIGAN. 



doubt, therefore, th.it the precious remains of the great explorer still lay in the 
chapel. 

But the very site of the chapel was soon lost. The new chapel, still standing, 
was confessedly not on the site of the old one. Could the old site ever be identi- 
fied? It seemed very doubtful indeed. True, there were a few local and legen- 
dary traditions to whicli reference was made some years since in his correspondence 
by the Hon. E. G. D. Holden, our present Secretary of State. 

An Indian now living in St. Ignace told me early last Summer that "his father 
told him, and that his fatlier told him," and pointed out to him the place on the 
shore of the bay where a black cross used to stand, which was understood to "point 
out the direction" of the good father's grave, and where the voyagers would invoke 
his blessing. I also have it in writing from a very intelligent Indian, that last Sum- 
mer he called on an aged Indian woman in Petoskey, claiming to be in her lOOtli 
year. "I asked her if she had heard, when a girl, anything concerning the Kitchi- 
ma-ka-da-na-co-na-yay, or "great priest." She said, "Yes. He died at the mouth 
of the river, and his body was carried to Min-is-sing,"i. e. to St. Ignace. 

These are but specimens of many similar traditions ; but would there ever be 
anything more than tradition ? 

Early in July I heard in Detroit for the first time, from Col. Stockbridge, who 
has a large lumber interest in St. Ignace ; that when he left tliere was a report that 
the site of tlie old chapel had been discovered. If so, thought I, then we have 
found Pere Marquette's grave at last — for the one statement in which all seem to 
agree is that he was buried in the middle of the chapel. 

On my arrival in Mackinac I lost but little time before starting for St. Ignace. 
Though only four miles off we tacked a dozen times and took four hours, and 
worked hard at that. 

On reaching Mr. Murray's house, where the supposed discovery had been 
made, I found precisely what had been described a few days before by a correspon- 
dent of the Evening News. 

THE RECENT DTSCGVERIES AT ST. IGNACE. 
SHALL WE, OR SHALL WE NOT, KECOVEB THE BONES OF MARQUETTE? 

Correspondence of the Evening News. 

Mackinac, July 12, 1877. 
The readers of the Evening News will recollect the recently reported discovery 
at St. Ignace of the site of the mission chapel founded by Father Marquette in 
1670, and under the pavement of which his bones were subsequently deposited. 
The account created considerable sensation among antiquaries. Being in Mackinac, 
within four miles of St. Ignatius, I improved the opportunity to cross over and see 
for myself what the discoveries amounted to. The little steamer Truscott crosses 



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30 HISTORY OP MICHIGAN. 



each afternoon ; fare fiftj cents. A few steps from tlie landing we turn into a 
potato patch, just beyond which the boy who pilots us suddenly announces, "Here's 
the place." At first glance nothing can be observed more than might be noticed 
on any vacant lot in Detroit. A closer examination, however, reveals a very slight 
trench about a foot and a half wide, forming a rectangle 35 by 45 feet and located 
very nearly, if not exactly, with the points of the compass, the longer measurement 
being in the direction of east and west. At places in this trench rough stones lay 
embedded in the earth. At the soutiiern side of the space, about nine feet from 
the western side, is a hole say three feet deep and eight or ten square, and in the 
southeast corner another smaller hole. Until the present Spring the site has been 
covered with a growth of young spruce, the clearing off of which led to the sup- 
posed discovery. The larger hole is assumed to have been a cellar under the 
church in which the valuables are kept ; the smaller hole is thought to mark the 
position of the baptismal font, though why an excavation should be made for it is 
more than I can conjecture. A few feet west of the rectangle described above are 
two heaps of stone and earth, evidently the debris of two ruined chimneys. The 
outlines of the houses to which the chimneys belonged can also be faintly traced. 

Mr. Murray, the owner of the ground, is a well-to-do Catholic Irishman, own- 
ing as he does 600 acres of land on the Point. He has lived on the place for twenty 
years past, and before that lived on Mackinac Island. He is inclined to be super- 
stitious and to magnify the mystery to which he believes he holds the key. As 
illustrative of this he remarked in my presence that when he was about to build a 
cow-house some time ago, his sons wished it located on what he now believes to be 
the site of the ancient church, but the protecting influences of that sacred spot 
strangely impelled him to adopt a different location. He is confident that by dig- 
ging below the surface at the center of the church, the " mocock " of bones would 
be discovered, but thus far owing to a difference between himself and the parish 
priest, not a spadeful of earth has been turned. The priest believes the location to 
be the correct one, and is anxious to excavate, but Mr. Murray refuses to permit it 
without a pledge that whatever is found shall not be carried away from the Point. 
He offers to give ground for the erection of a church or a monument on the spot, 
but insists that the sacred relics, if found, must be left where they have for two 
centuries rested. The bishop is expected at St. Ignace shortly, when the question 
will be laid before him for adjustment. 

Now as to the probability of the discovery being confirmed by others yet to be 
made, I must confess to being less sanguine than Mr. Murray and his neighbors. It 
is certain that the two ruined chimneys alluded to indicate the location of dwellings 
at some period in the past. Bits of iron, copper and looking-glass found in the debris 
attest this ; but whether the buildings stood fifty years ago or 200 no one can posi- 



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HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



tively assert. Mr. Mui-ray has known the spot for a quarter of a century, and can 
vouch for no change having occurred in that time. I think it likely that they are 
of a much older date. In regard to the assumed church site I think the proba- 
bilities favor the existence there at one time of a building of some sort. Whether it 
occupied the limits assumed — 45 by 35 feet — is less certain, while the existence of the 
cellar would seem to indicate that it was a dwelling rather than a church. On the 
other hand, it is certain that the mission was founded in tliis immediate vicinity, and 
the Murray farm, as fronting on the most protected part of the bay, and affording 
the best landing for boats, is certainly as likely a spot for Marquette to have adopted 
as any. But nothing can be told with any certainty till thorough investigation is 
made. 

The tradition is that the mission was founded in 1670, that Marquette subse- 
quently visited Wisconsin and Illinois, establishing mission stations as far up the 
lake as Chicago ; that upon his return via the eastern shore of Lake Michigan he 
died at the mouth of the Pere Marquette river, wiiere Ludington now stands, and 
was buried there. A few years later his bones were taken up, cleaned and packed 
in a mocock, or box made of birch bark, and were conveyed with due solemnity 
back to St. Ignace, where they were permanently deposited beneath the middle of 
the church. At a still later period Indian wars broke up the mission, and to protect 
the church from sacrilege the missionaries burned it to the ground. 

I also found in tiie possession of the present priest of St. Ignace, Father Jaoka 
(pronounced Yocca), a pen and ink sketch, on which I looked with most intense 
interest. This invaluable drawing gives the original site of the French village, the 
" home of the Jesuits," the Indian village, the Indian fort on the bluff, and, most 
important of all, very accurately defines the contour of a little bay known as Na- 
dowa— Wikweiamashong — i. e., as Mr. Jacker gave it, Nadowa Huron. Wik-weia 
— Here is a bay. Anglice — " Little bay of tlie Hurons ;" or according to the Ot- 
chepwa dictionary of Bp. Barraga, " Bad bay of the Iroquois squaw." Of the 
Indian village thei-e is no trace. Their wigwams, built only of poles and bark, 
have not left a single vestige. Not so with the French village. You may still see 
the remains of their logs and plaster, and the ruins of their chimneys. On the sup- 
posed site of the house of the Jesuits, some 40 by 30 feet, are found distinct out- 
lines of walls, a little well, and a small cellar. Immediately in the rear of the larger 
building are the remains of a forge, where "the brothers" used to make spades or 
swords, as the occasion might require. 

On further inquiry of the priest, who was equally remarkable for his candor 
and intelligence, and the length of his beai'd, I found that the sketch of the house 
of the Jesuits was taken by him from the travels of LaHenton, originally published 
in France, but translated and republished in England A. D. 1772. Only a few days 



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32 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



after I saw a copy of this very same book in the hands of Judge C. I. Walker, of 
Detroit, and was thus enabled, to my very great satisfaction, to verify the sketch as 
shown to me by Father Jaoka or Jacker (Yocca). 

LaHenton says : " The place which I am now in is not above half a league dis- 
tant from the Illinois lake. Here the Hiirons and Ontawas have each of 'em (sic) 
a village, the one being severed from the other by a single palisade. But the On- 
tawas are beginning to build a fort upon a hill that stands but 1,000 or 1,200 paces 
off. * * In this place the Jesuits have a little house or college, adjoining to a 
sort of chapel and enclosed with pale, which separates it from the .village of the 
Hurons. 

" The Cuereur du Paris also a very small settlement." — La Henton, vol. I., p. 88. 

From that moment I entertained the most sanguine hope tliat the long lost 
grave of the good Marquette would .again be found. Greatly did I regret that I 
could not remain a few days -longer, when the exploration would be made in the 
presence of the excellent Bishop Mrak, and learn what would be the result. I saw 
nothing whatever in the well-known cliaracter of tlie bishop, or of the worthy pas- 
tor of St. Ignace to justify even for a moment the least suspicion of anything like 
"pious fraud." 

Monday, Septembers, 1877, Bishop Mrak dug out the first spadeful of ground. 
For a time, however, the search was discouraging. " Nothing was found tluit would 
indicate the former existence of a tomb, vaulted or otherwise," and tiie bishop went 
away. After a while a small piece of birch bark came to light, followed by numerous 
other fragments scorched by fire. Finally a larger and well preserved piece appeared 
which once evidently formed part of tlie bottom of an Indian-wig-wap-makak- 
birch-bark-box or mocock. Evidently the box had been double, such as the Indians 
sometimes use for greater durability in interments, and had been placed on three or 
four wooden sills. It was also evident that the box had not been placed on the 
floor but sunk in the ground, and perhaps covered with a layer of mortar. But it 
was equally evident that this humble tomb had been disturbed, and the box broken 
into, and parts of it torn out, after the material had been made brittle by the action 
of fire. Tills would explain the absence of its former contents, which," says Mr. 
Jacker, " what else could we think — were nothing less than Father Marquette's 
bones! But what had become of them? Further search brought to light two frag- 
ments of bone — then thirty-six more — finally a small fragment, apparently of the 
skull — then similar fragments of the ribs, the hand and the thigh bone. From these 
circumstances then we deduce the following conclusions: 

1. That of M. Pommier, the French surgeon, that these fragments of bones 
are undoubtedly human, and bear the marks of fire. 

2. That everything goes to show " the haste of profane robbery." 



HISTOKY OF JIICHIGAN. 



3. That this robbery was by Indian medicine men, who coveted his bones, 
according to their belief, as a powerful medicine. 

4. That it must have taken place within a few years after the departure of 
the Jesuits, otherwise when the mission was renewed (about 1708), the remains 
would most certainly have been transferred to the new church in old Mackinac. 

5. That Charlevoix, at his sojourn there in 1721, could hardly have failed to 
be taken to see the new tomb, and to mention the fact of its transfer in his journal, 
or history. 

6. That if we have failed to find all the remains of the great explorer, we 
have at least found some, and ascertained the fact of his having been interred on 
that particular spot. 

7. That the records answer all the circumstances'-of the discovery, and that 
the finding of these few fragments, if not as satisfactory to our wishes, is at least 
as good evidence for the fact in question as if we had found every bone that is in 
the human body. 

Such are the leading points in Father Jacker's elaborate narrative, as published 
in the CathoUe World, November, 1877, in connection with the article entitled 
" Romance and Reality of the Death of Father James Marquette, and the recent 
discovery of his remains," by John G. Shea, for which papers I am indebted to the 
kind courtesy of Mr. Daniel E. Hudson, C. S. C, Notre Dame, Indiana, to whom I 
return most cordial thanks. 

While in some respects the results are not quite so satisfactory as might have 
been desired, yet the determination of the site of the old house of the Jesuits, the 
discovery of the tomb, the recovery in part of the mocock coffin, and above all, the 
finding of some of the bones of Marquette, are all of intense interest to every 
lover of earlj- Michigan history. 

Marquette, the great explorer — the oldest founder of Michigan, whose grave 
was found within her borders, and to whom belongs immortal honor, being the dis- 
coverer of the upper Mississippi and first navigator of the great river. The scat- 
tering of Jiis bones, I am tvell persuaded, is only a symbol of the wider extension of his 
fame. Already his name is attached to a railroad, a river, a citj^, a diocese in 
Michigan ; but that is not enough. Some forty years ago it was foretold by Ban 
croft " that the people of the West will build his monument," and now the time 
has fully come when that prophecy will be fulfilled. Lest you might think that I 
say this merely out of state pride, or as a lover of antiquarian history, I will only 
add in conclusion that I say it out of a much higher motive, and with reference to 
a much higher object. In reading the life of Francis Xavier when a boy, I learned 
that there were some lessons for Christian laborers from the lives of the early 
Jesuits, that neither I nor any other man could afford to overlook. Granting that 

3 






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HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



too often they sought to help what they deemed a righteous cause by what they 
knew to be unrighteous means, and so teach us what we should avoid, there are other 
lessons that we would do well to imitate. The spirit of union, which was to them 
so great a source of power, the cheerfulness with which they suffered for the cause 
that they had espoused ; the unlooked-for combinations of chai-acter in the same 
individuals, and above all the magnetism of personal importance and power by hav- 
ing a definite aim — such for example as we find in the good Marquette — belonging 
to any one church or order of that church, but to man as man, and to the world at 
large ! There is only one regret that I should liave in the erecting of such a mon- 
ument, and that is lest it should be built by our Catholic friends alone. Will they 
not permit us all to join — Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, and the whole Northwest 
— and do honor to the greaj explorer in a monument of natural rock, (like Monu- 
mental Rock, Isle Royale), the materials for which in that immediate vicinity have 
been so long waiting, apparently, for just such a noble purpose ? 

lasalle's travels. 

The next settlement in point of time was made in 1679, by Robert Cavalier de 
LaSalle, at the mouth of the St. Joseph river. He had constructed a vessel, the 
" Griffin," just above Niagara Falls, and sailed around by the lakes to Green Bay, 
Wis., whence he traversed "Lac des Illinois," now Lake Michigan, by canoe to the 
mouth of the St. Joseph river. The " Giiffin " was the first sailing vessel that ever 
came west of Niagara Falls. La Salle erected a fort at the month of the St. Joseph 
river, which afterward was moved about 60 miles up the river, where it was still 
seen in Charlevoix's time, 1721. La Salle also built a fort on the Illinois river, 
just below Peoria, and explored the region of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. 

The next, and third, Michigan post erected by authority was a second fort on 
the St. Joseph river, established by Du Suth, near the present Fort Gratiot, in 
1686. The object of this was to intercept emissaries of the English, who were 
anxious to open traffic with the Mackinaw and Lake Superior nations. 

The French posts in Michigan on westward, left very little to be gathered by 
the New York traders, and they determined, as there was peace between France and 
England, to push forward their agencies and endeavor to deal with the western and 
northern Indians in their own country. The French governors not only plainly 
asserted the title of France, but as plainly threatened to use all requisite force to 
expel intruders. Anticipating cori-ectly that the English would attempt to reach 
Lake Huron from the East without passing up Detroit river, Du Luth built a fort 
at tlie outlet of the lake into the St. Clair. About the same time an expedition 
was planned against the Senecas, and the Chevalier Tonti, commanding La Salle's 
forts, of St. Louis and St. Joseph of Lake Michigan, and La Durantaye, the veteran 
commander of Mackinaw, were employed to bring down the French and Indian 



:f^ 



HISTORY OF :\[ICHIGAN. 




auxiliaries to take part in the war. These men intercepted English expeditions 
into the interior to establish trade with the Northern Indians, and succeeded in 
cutting them off for many years. Religious zeal for the Catholic Church and the 
national aggrandizement were almost or quite equally the primary and all-ruling 
motive of western explorations. For these two purposes expeditions were sent out 
and missionaries and military posts were established. In these enterprises Mar- 
quette, Joliet, La Salle, St. Lusson and others did all that we find credited to them 
in history. 

In 1669 or 1670, Talon, then " Intendant of New France," sent out two parties 
to discover a passage to the South Sea, St. Lusson to Hudson's Bay and La Salle 
southwestward. On his return in 1671, St. Lusson held a council of all the north- 
ern tribes at the Sault Ste. Marie, where they formed an alliance with the French. 
" It is a curious fact," says Campbell, " that the public documents are usually 
made to exhibit the local authorities as originating everything, when the facts 
brought to light from other sources show that they were compelled to permit what 
they ostensibly directed." The expeditions sent out by Talon were at least sug- 
gested from France. The local authorities were sometimes made to do things 
which were not, in their judgment, the wisest. 

DETROIT. 

July 19, 1701, the Iroquois conveyed to King William III, all their claims to 
land, describing their territory as " that vast tract of land or colony called Cana- 
gariarchio, beginning on the northwest side of Cadarachqui (Ontario) Lake, and 
includes all that vast tract of land lying between the great lake of Ottawawa 
(Huron), and the lake called by the natives Sahiquage, and by the Christians the 
Lake of Sweege (Oswego, for Lake Erie), and runs till it butts upon the Twich- 
twichs, and is bounded on the westward by the Twichtwichs, on the eastward by 
a place called Qiiadoge, containing in length about 800 miles, and breadth 400 
miles, including the country where beavers and all sorts of wild game keep, and 
the place called Tjeughsaghrondie alias Fort De Tret or Wawyachtenock (Detroit) ; 
and so runs round the lake of Sweege till you come to a place called Oniadarun- 
daquat," etc. 

It was chiefly to prevent any further mischief, and to secure more effectually 
the French supremacy that La Motte Cadillac, who had great influence over the 
savages, succeeded, in 1701, after various plans urged by him had been shelved by 
hostile colonial intrigues, in getting permission from Count Fontchartraine to begin 
a settlement in Detroit. His purpose was from the beginning to make not only a 
military post, but also a civil establishment for trade and agriculture. He was more 
or less threatened and opposed by the monopolists and by the Mackinaw missionaries, 
and was subjected to severe persecutions. He finally triumphed and obtained valuable 






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36 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



privileges and the right of seigneury. Craftsmen of all kinds were induced to settle 
in the town, and trade flourished. He succeeded in getting the Hurons and many 
of the Ottawas to leave Mackinaw and settle about " Fort Pontchartraine." This 
fort stood on what was formerly called the first terrace, being on the ground lying 
between Larned street and the river, and between Griswold and Wayne streets. 
Cadillac's success was so great, in spite of all opposition, that he was appointed 
governor of the new province of Louisiana, which had been granted to Crozat and 
his associates. This appointment removed him from Detroit, and immediately 
afterward the place was exposed to an Indian siege, instigated by English emissaries, 
and conducted by the Mascoutins and Ontagamies, the same people who made the 
last war on the whites in the territory of Michigan under Black Hawk a century 
and a quarter later. The tribes allied to the French came in with alacrity and de- 
feated and almost annihilated the assailants, of whom a thousand were put to 
death. 

Unfortunately for the country, the commanders who succeeded Cadillac for 
many years were narrow-minded and selfish and not disposed to advance uny in- 
terests beyond the lucrative traffic with the Indians in peltries. It was not until 
1734 that any new grants were made to farmers. This was done by Governor- 
General Beauharnois, who made the grants on the very easiest terms. Skilled ar- 
tisans became numerous in Detroit, and prosperity set in all around. The build- 
ings were not of the rudest kind, but built of oak or cedar, and of smooth finish. 
The cedar was brought from a great distance. Before 1742 the pineries were 
known, and at a very early day a saw-mill was erected on the St. Clair River, near 
Lake Huron. Before 1749 quarries were worked, especially at Stony Island. In 
1763 there were several lime kilns within the present limits of Deti'oit, and not 
only stone foundations but also stone buildings, existed in the settlement. 

Several grist-mills existed along the river near Detroit. Agriculture was car- 
ried on profitably, and supplies were exported quite early, consisting chiefly of corn 
and wheat, and possibly beans and peas. Cattle, horses and swine were raised in 
considerable numbers ; but as salt was very expensive, but little meat, if any, was 
packed for exportation. The salt springs near Lake St. Clair, it is true, were 
known, and utilized to some extent, but not to an appreciable extent. Gardening 
and fruit-raising were carried on more thoroughly than general farming. Apples 
and pears were good and abundant. 

During the French and English war Detroit was the principal source of sup- 
plies to the French troops west of Lake Ontario, and it also furnished a large number 
of fighting men. Tlie upper posts were not much involved in this war. 

" Teuchsa Grondie." one of the many ways of spelling an old Indian name of 
Detroit, is rendered famous by a large and splendid poem of Levi Bishop, Esq., of 



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HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



that city. During the whole of the eighteenth century the history of Michigan was 
little else than the history of Detroit, as the genius of French Government was to 
centralize power instead of building ujj localities for self-government. 

About 1704, or three years after the founding of Detroit, this place was at- 
tacked by the Ottawa Indians, but unsuccessfully ; and again, in 1712, the Otta- 
garaies, or Fox Indians, who were in secret alliance with the old enemies of the 
French, the Iroquois, attacked the village and laid siege to it. They were sevei'ely 
repulsed, and their chief offered a capitulation which was refused. Considering 
this an insult they became enraged and endeavored to burn up the town. Their 
method of firing the place was to shoot large arrows, mounted with combustible 
material in flame, in a track through the sky rainbow-form. The bows and ari-ows 
being very large and stout, the Indians lay with their backs on the ground, put 
botli feet against the central portion of the inner side of the bow and pulled the 
strings with all the might of their hands. A ball of blazing material would thus 
be sent arching over nearly a quarter of a mile, which would come down perpen- 
dicularly upon the dry shingle roofs of the houses and set them on fire. But this 
sclieme was soon check-mated by the French, who covered the remaining houses 
with wet skins. The Foxes were considerably disappointed at this and discour- 
aged, but they made one more desperate attempt, failed, and retreated toward 
Lake St. Clair, where they again entrenched themselves. From this place how- 
ever, they were soon dislodged. After this period these Indians occupied Wis- 
consin for a time and made it dangerous for travelers passing through from the 
lakes to the Mississippi. They were the Ishniaeliles of the wilderness. 

In 1749, there was a fresh accession of immigrants to all the points upon the 
lakes, but the history of this part of the world during the most of this century, is 
rather monotonous, business and government remaining about the same, without 
much improvement. The records nearly all concern Canada east of the lake region. 
It is true, there was almost a constant change of commandants at the posts, and 
there were many slight changes of administrative policy, but as no great enter- 
prises were successfully put in operation the events of the period have but little 
prominence. 

The Northwestern Territory during French rule, was simply a vast ranging 
ground for the numerous Indian tribes, who had no ambition higher than obtaining 
immediate subsistence of the crudest kind, buying arms, whisky, tobacco, blankets 
and jeweli'y by bartering for them the peltries of the chase. Like a drop in the 
ocean was the missionary work of the few Jesuits at the half dozen posts on the 
great waters. The forests were full of otter, beaver, bear, deer, grouse, quails, etc., 
and on the few prairies the grouse, or " prairie chickens." were abundant Not 
much work was required to obtain a bare subsistence, and human nature generally, 



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HISTORY OP MICHIGAN. 



is not disposed to lay up much for the future. The present material prosperity of 
America is really an exception to the general law of the world. 

In the latter part of 1796, Wintlirop Sargent went to Detroit and organized 
the county of Wayne, forming a part of the Indiana Territory until its division, 
1805, when the Territory of Michigan was organized. 



CHAPTEE III. 



THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR. 



Soon after the discovery of the mouth of the Mississippi in 1682, the Govern- 
ment of France began to encourage the policy of establishing a line of trading 
posts and missionary stations, extending through the west, from Canada and the 
great lakes, to Louisiana ; and tliis policy was maintained, with partial success, for 
about seventy-five years. British power was the rival upon which the French 
continually kept their eye. Of course a collision of arms would result in a short 
time, and this commenced about 1755. In 1760, Canada, including the lake re- 
gion, fell into the hands of the British. During the war, occurred Braddock's de- 
feat, the battles of Niagara, Crown Point and Lake George, aud the death of brave 
Wolfe and Montcalm. September 12 of this year. Major Robert Rogers, a native 
of New Hampshire, a provincial officer, and then at the height of his reputation, 
received orders from Sir Jeffrey Amherst to ascend the lakes with a detachment of 
rangers, and take possession, in the name of his Britannic majesty, of Detroit, 
Micliilimackinac and other western posts, included in the capitulation of Montreal. 
He left the latter place on the following day with 200 rangers in fifteen whale boats. 
November 7, they reached the mouth of a river (Cliogage), on the southern coast 
of Lake Erie, wliere they were met by Poatiac, tlie Indian chief, who now appears 
for the first time upon the pages of Michigan history. He haughtily demanded of 
Rogers why he should appear in his realm with his forces without his permission. 
The major informed him that the English had obtained permission of Canada, and 
that he was on his way to Detroit to publish the fact, and to restore a general peace 
to white men and Indians alike. The next day Pontiac signified his willingness to 
live at peace with the English, allowing them to remain in his country, provided 
they paid him due respect. He knew that French power was on the wane, and 
that it was to the interest of his tribes to establish an early peace with the new 
power. The Indians, who had collected at the mouth of the Detroit, reported 400 
strong, to resist the coming of the British forces, were easily influenced by Pontiac 



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HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



to yield the situation to Rogers. Even tlie French commandant at Detroit, Capt. 
Beletre, was in a situation similar to that of the Indians, and received the news of 
the defeat of the French from Major Rogers. He was indignant and incredulous, 
and tried to rouse the fury of his old-time friends, the Indians, but found them 
"faithless" in this hour of his need. He surrendered with an ill grace, amid the 
yells of several hundred Indian warriors. It was a source of great amazement 
to the Indians to see so many men surrender to so few. Nothing is more effective 
in gaining the respect of Indians than a display of power, and the above proceed- 
ings led them to be overawed by English powers. They were astonished also at 
the forbearance of the conquerors in not killing their vanquished enemies on the 
spot. This surrender of Detroit was on tlie 29th of November, 1760. The posts 
elsewhere in the lake region, north and west; were not reached until some time 
afterward. 

The English now thought they had the country perfectly in their own hands, 
and that tliere was but little trouble ahead ; but in this respect they were mistaken. 
The French renewed their efforts to circulate reports among the Indians that the 
English intended to take all their land from them, etc. Tlie slaughter of the Mo- 
nongahela, the massacre at Fort William Henry, and the horrible devastation of the 
western frontier, all bore witness to the fact that the French were successful in pre- 
judicing the Indians against the British, and the latter began to have trouble at 
various points. The French had always been in the habit of making presents to 
the Indians, keeping them supplied with arms, ammunition, etc., and it was not 
their policy to settle upon their lands. The British, on the other hand, now sup- 
plied them with nothing, frequently insulting them when they appeared around 
the forts. Everything conspired to fix the Indian population in their prejudices 
against the British Government. Even the seeds of the American Revolution were 
scattered into the west, and began to grow. 

The first Indian chief to raise the wai'-whoop was probably Kiashutd, of the 
Senecas, but Pontiac, of the Ottawas, was the great George Washington of all the 
tribes to systemize and render effectual the initial movements of the approaching 
storm. His home was about eight miles above Detroit, on Pechee Island, which 
looks out upon the waters of Lake St. Clair. He was a well-formed man, with a 
countenance indicating a high degree of intelligence. In 1746 he had successfully 
defended Detroit against the northern tribes, and it is probable he was present and 
assisted in the defeat of Braddock. About the close of 1762 he called a general 
council of the tribes, sending out ambassadors in all directions, who, with the war 
belt of wampum and the tomahawk, went from village to village, and camp to camp, 
informing the sachems everywhere, that war was impending, and delivering to them 
the message of Pontiac. They all approved the message, and April 27, 1 763, a 



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40 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



grand council was held near Detroit, when Pontiao stood forth in war paint and 
delivered " the great speech of the campaign."' The English were slow to perceive 
any dangerous conspiracy in progress, and when the blow was struck, nine out of 
twelve of the British posts were surprised and destroyed. Three of these were 
witliin the bounds of this State. The first prominent event of the war was the 
massacre at Fort Michilimackinac, on the northernmost point of the southern 
peninsula, the site of the present city of Mackinaw. This Indian outrage was one 
of the most ingeniously devised and resolutely executed schemes in American his- 
tory. The Chippewas (or Ojibways) appointed one of their big ball plays in the 
vicinity of the post and invited and inveigled as many of the occupants as they 
could to the scene of play, then fell upon the unsuspecting and unguarded English 
in the most brutal manner. For the details of this horrible scene we are indebted 
to Alexander Henry, a trader at that point, who experienced several most blood- 
curdling escapes from death and scalping at the hands of the savages. The result 
of the massacre was the death of about seventy out of ninety persons. The Ottawa 
Indians, who occupied mainly the eastern portion of the lower peninsula, were not 
consulted by the Chippewas, with reference to attacking Michilimackinac, and were 
consequently so enraged that they espoused the cause of the English, through 
spite ; and it was through their instrumentality that Mr. Henry and some of his 
comrades were saved from death and conveyed east to the regions of civilization. 
Of Mr. Henry's narrow escapes we give the following succinct account: Instead 
of attending the ball play of the Indians lie spent the day writing letters to his 
friends, as a canoe was to leave for the East the following day. While thus 
engaged, he heard an Indian war cry and a noise of general confusion. Looking 
out of the window, he saw a crowd of Indians within the fort, that is, within the 
village palisade, who were cutting down and scalping every Englishman they 
found. He seized a fowling piece which he had at hand, and waited a moment for 
the signal, tlie drum beat to arms. In that dreadful interval he saw several of his 
countrymen fall under the tomahawk and struggle between the knees of an Indian, 
who held him in this manner to scalp him, while still alive. Mr. Henry heard no 
signal to arms; and seeing it was useless to undertake to resist 400 Indians, he 
thought only of shelter for himself. He saw many of the Canadian inhabitants of 
the fort calmly looking on, neither opposing the Indians nor suffering injury, and he 
therefore concluded he might find safety in some of their houses. He stealthily 
ran to one occupied by Mr. Langlade and family, who were at their windows 
beholding the bloody scene. Mr. Langlade scarcely dared to harbor him, but a 
Pawnee slave of the former concealed him in the garret, locked the stairway door 
and took away the key. In this situation Mr. Henry obtained, through an aperture, 
a view of what was going on without. He saw the dead scalped and mangled, the 



^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



dying in writhing agony, under the insatiate knife and tomahawk, and the savages 
drinking human blood from the hollow of their joined hands I Mr. Henry almost 
felt as if he were a victim himself so intense were his sufferings. Soon the Indian 
fiends began to halloo, " All is finished." At this instant Henry heard some of the 
Indians enter the house he had taken shelter. The garret was separated from the 
room below by only a layer of single boards, and Mr. Henry heard all that was 
said. As soon as the Indians entered they inquired whether there were any En- 
glishmen in the house. Mr. Langlade replied that he could not say ; they might 
examine for themselves. He then conducted them to the garret door. As the door 
was locked, a moment of time was snatched by Mr. Henry to crawl into a heap of 
birch-bark vessels in a dark corner ; and although several Indians searched around 
the garret, one of them coming within arm's length of the sweating prisoner, they 
went out satisfied that no Englishman was there. 

As Mr. Henry was passing the succeeding night in this room, he could think 
of no possible chance of escape from the country. He was out of provisions, the 
nearest post was Detroit, 400 miles away, and the route thither lay through the 
enemy's country. The next morning he heard Indian voices below informing Mr. 
Langlade that they had not found an Englishman named Henry among the dead, 
and they believed him to be somewhere concealed. Mrs. L., believing that the 
safety of the household depended on giving tap the refugee to his pursuers, prevailed 
on her husband to lead the Indians upstairs to the room of Mr. H. The latter was 
saved from instant death by one of the savages adopting him as a brother in the 
place of one lost. The Indians were all mad with liquor, however, and Mr. H. 
again very narrowly escaped death. An hour afterwards he was taken out of the 
fort by an Indian indebted to him for goods, and was under the uplifted knife of 
the savage when he suddenly broke away from him and made back to Mr. Lang- 
lade's house, barely escaping the knife of the Indian the whole distance. The next 
day he, with tiiree other prisoners, were taken in a canoe toward Lake Michigan, 
and at Fox Point, eighteen miles distant, the Ottawas rescued the whites through 
spite at the Chippewas, sayir.g that the latter contemplated killing and eating them ; 
but the next day they were returned to the Chippewas, as the result of some kind 
of agreement about the conduct of the war. He was rescued again by an old 
friendly Indian claiming him as a brother. The next morning he saw the dead 
bodies of seven whites dragged forth from the prison lodge he had just occupied. 
Tiie fattest of these dead bodies was actually served up and feasted on directly 
before the eyes of Mr. Henry. Through the partiality of the Ottawas and the com- 
plications of militarj- affairs among the Indians, Mr. Henry, after severe exposures 
and many more thrilling escapes, was finally lauded within territory occupied by 
whites. 



V^ 






HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



For more than a year after the massacre, Michilimackinac was occupied only 
by wood rangers and Indians ; then, after the treaty, Capt. Howard was sent with 



troops to take possession. 



CHAPTER IV, 



NATIONAL POLICIES. 



The Great French Scheme. — Soon after the discovery of the mouth of the 
Mississippi by La Salle, in 1682, the government of France began to encourage the 
policy of establishing a line of trading posts and missionary stations extending 
through the West from Canada to Louisiana, and this policy was maintained, with 
partial success, for about seventy-five j^ears. 

The river St. Joseph, of Lake Michigan, was called " the river Miamis " in 
1679, in which year La Salle built a small fort on its bank, near the lake shore. 
The principal station of the mission for the instruction of the Miamis was estab- 
lished on the borders of this river. The first French post within the territory of 
the Miamis was at the mouth of the river Miamis, on an eminence naturally forti- 
fied on two sides by the river, and on one side by a deep ditch made by a fall of 
water. It was of triangular form. The missionary, Hennepin, gives a good 
description of it, as he was one of the company who built it in 1679. Says he: 
" We felled the trees that were on the top of the bill, and having cleared the same 
from bushes for about two musket shot, we began to build a redoubt of eighty feet 
long and forty feet broad, with great square pieces of timber laid one upon 
another, and prepared a great number of stakes of about twenty-five feet 
long to drive into the ground, to make our fort more inaccessible on the 
river side. We employed the whole month of November about that work, 
which was very hard, though we had no other food but the bears' flesh our 
savage killed. These beasts are very common in that place, because of tlie great 
quantity of grapes they find there ; but their flesh being too fat and luscious, our 
men began to be weary of it, and desired leave to go a-hunting to kill some 
wild goats. M. La Salle denied them that liberty, which caused some murmurs 
among them, and it was but unwillingly that they continued their work. This, 
together with the approach of Winter and the apprehension that M. La Salle had 
that his vessel (the GrifSn) was lost, made him very melancholy, though he con- 
cealed it as much as he could. We made a cabin wherein we performed divine 
service every Sunday, and Father Gabriel and I, who preached alternately, took 
care to take such texts as wei-e suitable to our present circumstances and fit to 



-^ 



HISTOIIY OF MICHIGAN. 



inspire us with courage, concord and brotherly love. . . . The fort was at last 
perfected and called Fort Miamis." 

In 1765, the Miamis nation, or confederacy, was composed of four tribes, 
whose total number of warriors was estimated at only 1,050 men. Of these, about 
250 were Twight-wess or Miamis proper, 300 Weas or Ouiate-nons, 300 Pianke- 
shaws and 200 Schockeys, and at this time the principal villages of the Twight- 
wess were situated about the head of the Maumee River, at and near the place where 
Fort Wayne now is. The larger Wea villages were near the banks of the Wabash 
River, in the vicinity of the Ouiatenon ; and the Shockeys and Piaukeshaws dwelt 
on the banks of the Vermillion and on the borders of the Wabash, between Vin- 
cennes and Ouiatenon. Branches of the Pottawatomie, Shawnee, Delaware and 
Kickapoo tribes were permitted at different times to enter within tiie boundaries of 
the Miamis and reside for a while. 

The wars in wliich France and England were engaged from 1688 to 1697, 
retarded the growth of the colonies of those nations in North America, and the 
efforts made by France to connect Canada and the Gulf of Mexico by a chain of 
trading-posts and colonies naturally excited the jealousy of England and gradually 
laid the foundation for a struggle at arms. After several stations were established 
elsewhere in the West, trading-posts were started at the Miami villages, which stood 
at the head of the Maumee, at the Wea villages about Ouiatenon, on the Wabash, 
and at the Piankeshaw villages about the present site of Vincennes. It is probable 
that before the close of the year 1719, temporary trading-posts were erected at the 
sites of Fort Wayne, Ouiatenon and Vincennes. The points were probablj' often 
visited by French fur traders prior to 1700. In the meanwhile, the English people 
in this country commenced also to establish military posts west of the Alleghanies, 
and thus matters went on until they naturally culminated in a general war, which, 
being waged l)y the French and Indians combined on one side, was called " the 
French and Indian war." This war was terminated in 1763 by a treaty at Paris, 
by which France ceded to Great Britain all of North America east of the Mississippi 
except New Orleans and the island on which it is situated ; and, indeed, France 
had the preceding Autumn, by a secret convention, ceded to Spain all the country 
west of that river. 

In 1762, after Canada and its dependencies had been surrendered to the English, 
Pontiac and his partisans secretly organized a powerful confederacy in order to 
crush at one blow all English power in the West. This great scheme was skillfully 
projected and cautiously matured. The principal act in tlie programme was to gain 
admittance into the fort at Detroit, on pretense of a friendly visit, with shortened 
muskets concealed under their blankets, and, on a given signal, suddenly break 
forth upon the garrison ; but an inadvertent remark of an Indian woman led to a 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



discovery of the plot, which was consequently averted. Pontiac and his warriors 
afterward made many attacks upon the English, some of which were successful, 
but the Indians were finally defeated in the general war. 

BRITISH POLICY. 

In 1765 the total number of French families within the limits of the North- 
western Territory did not probably exceed 600. These were in settlements about 
Detroit, along the river Wabash and the neighborhood of Fort Chartres on the Mis- 
sissippi. Of these families, about eighty or ninety resided at Post Vincennes, fourteen 
at Fort Ouiatenon, on the Wabash, and nine or ten at the confluence of the St. Mary 
and St. Joseph rivers, together with a few on St. Clair lake and river. 

The colonial policy of the British Government opposed an}' measures which 
might strengthen settlements in the interior of this country, lest they become self- 
supporting and independent of the mother country; hence the early and rapid settle- 
ment of the Northwestern Territory was still furtlier retarded by short-sighted self- 
ishness of England. That fatal policy consisted mainly in holding the lands in the 
hands of the government and not allowing it to be subdivided and sold to settlers. 
But in spite of all her efforts in this direction, she constantly made just such efforts 
as provoked the American people to rebel, and to rebel successfully, which was 
within fifteen years after the perfect close of the French and Indian war. 

AMERICAN POLICY. 

Thomas Jefferson, the shrewd statesman and wise Governor of Virginia, saw 
from the first that actual occupation of Western lands was the only way to keep 
them out of the hands of foreigners and Indians. Therefore, directly after the con- 
quest of Vincennes by Clark he engaged a scientific corps to proceed under an 
escort to the Mississippi, and ascertain by celestial observations the point on that 
river intersected by latitude 36 deg. 31 min., the southern limit of the State, and to 
measure its distance to the Ohio. To Gen. Clark was entrusted the conduct of 
the military operations in that quarter. He was instructed to select a strong 
position near that point and establish there a fort and garrison ; thence to extend 
his conquest northward to the lakes, erecting forts at different points, which might 
serve as monuments of actual possession, besides affording protection to that por- 
tion of the countr}-. Fort " Jefferson " was erected and garrisoned on the Missis- 
sippi a few miles above the southern limit. 

The result of these operations was the addition to the chartered limits of Vir- 
ginia, of that immense region known as the " Northwestern Territory." The sim- 
ple fact that such and such forts were established by the Americans in this vast 
region convinced the Britisli Commissioners that we had entitled ourselves to the 
land. But where are those " monuments " of our power now ? 



jil 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



ORDINANCE OF 1787. 

This ordinance has a marvelous and interesting history. Considerable contro- 
versy has been indulged in as to who is entitled to the credit for framing it. This belongs 
undoubtedly, to Nathan Dane ; and to Rufus King and Timothy Pickering belong 
the credit for suggesting the proviso contained in it against slavery, and also for 
aids to religion and knowledge, and for assuring forever the common use, without 
charge, of the great national highways of the Mississippi, the St. Lawrence and 
their tributaries to all the citizens of the United States. To Thomas Jefferson is 
also due much credit, as some features of this ordinance were embraced in his ordin- 
ance of 1784. But the part taken by eacli in the long, laborious and eventful 
struggle which had so glorious a consummation in the ordinance, consecrating for- 
ever, by one imprescriptible and unchangeable monument, the very heart of our 
country to freedom, knowledge and union, will forever honor the names of those 
illustrious statesmen. 

Jefferson had vainly tiied to secure a system of government for the North- 
western Territorj'. He was an emancipationist and favored the exclusion of slavery 
from the Territory, but the South voted him down every time he proposed a meas- 
ure of this nature. In 1787, as late as July 10, an organizing act without the anti- 
slavery clause was pending. This concession to the South was expected to carry 
it. Congress was in session in New York. On July 5, Rev. Manasseh Cutler of 
Massachusetts, came into New York to lobby on the Northwestern Territory, 
Everything seemed to fall into his hands. Events were ripe. The state of the 
public credit, the growing of Southern prejudice, the basis of his mission, his per- 
sonal character, all combined to comjilete one of those sudden and marvelous revo- 
lutions of public sentiment that once in five or ten centuries are seen to sweep over 
a country like the breath of the Almighty. 

Cutler was a graduate of Yale. He had studied and taken degrees in the 
three learned professions, medicine, law, and divinity. He had published a scien- 
tific examination of the plants of New England. As a scientist in America, his 
name stood second only to Franklin. He was a courtly gentleman of the old style, 
a man of commanding presence and inviting face. The Southern members said 
they had never seen such a gentleman in the North. He came, representing a 
Massachusetts company that desired to purchase a tract of land, now included in 
Ohio for the purpose of planting a colony. It was a speculation. Government 
money was worth eighteen cents on the dollar. This company had collected enough 
to purchase 1,500,000 acres of land. Other speculators in New York made Ur. 
Cutler their agent, which enabled him to represent a demand for 5,500,000 acres. 
As this would reduce the national debt, it presented a good opportunity to do 
something:. 



'y 



-►• 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



Massachusetts then owned the territory of Maine, which she was crowding on 
the market. She was opposed to opening the Northwestern region. This fired 
the zeal of Virginia. The South caught tlie inspiration, and all exalted Dr. Cutler. 
The entire South rallied around him. Massachusetts could not vote against him, 
because many of the constituents of her members were interested personally in the 
Western speculation. Thus Cutler making friends in the South, and doubtless 
using all the arts of the lobby, was enabled to command the situation. True to 
deeper convictions, he dictated one of the most compact and finished documents 
of wise statesmenship that has ever adorned any human law book. 

He borrowed from Jefferson the term " Articles of Compact," which preceding 
the federal constitution, rose into the most sacred character. He then followed 
very closely the constitution of Massachusetts, adopted three years before. Its 
most prominent points were : 

1. The exclusion of slavery from the territory forever. 

2. Provision fur public schools, giving one township for a seminary and every 
section numbered 16 in each township ; that is, one thirty-sixth of all the land for 
public schools. 

3. A provision prohibiting the adoption of any constitution or the enactment 
of any law that should nullify pre-existing contracts. Be it forever remembered 
that this compact declared that " religion, morality and knowledge being necessary 
to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of edu- 
cation shall always be encouraged." Dr. Cutler planted himself on this platform 
and would not yield. Giving his unqualified declaration that it was that or noth- 
ing, he took his horse and buggy and started for the constitutional convention at 
Philadelphia. On July 13, 1787, the bill was put upon its passage, and was unani- 
mously adopted. 

Thus the great States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin, a vast 
empire, were consecrated to freedom, intelligence and morality. Thus the great heart 
of the nation was prepared to save the union of States, for it was this act that was 
the salvation of the Republic and the destruction of slavery. Soon the South saw 
their great blunder and tried to have the compact repealed. In 1803 Congress re- 
ferred it to a committee, of which John Randolph was chairman. He reported that 
this oi'dinance was a compact, and opposed repeal. Thus it stood, a rock in the 
way of the on-rushing sea of slavery. 

The " Northwestern Territory" included, of course, what is now the State of 
Indiana, and October 5, 1787, Major General Arthur St. Clair was elected by Con- 
gress, Governor of this territory. Upon commencing the duties of his office he 
was instructed to ascertain the real temper of the Indians, and do all in his power 
to remove the causes for controversy between them and the United States, and to 



riV 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



effect the extinguishment of Indian titles to all the land possible. The Governor 
took up quarters in the new settlement of Marietta, Ohio, where he immediately 
began the organization of the government of the territory. The first session of 
the General Court of the new territory was held at that place in 1788, the judges 
being Samuel H. Parsons, James M. Varnum and John C. Syrames, but under the 
ordinance, Gov. St. Clair was president of the court. After the first session, and 
after tiie necessary laws for government were adopted. Gov. St. Clair, accompanied 
by the judges, visited Kaskaskia for the purpose of organizing a civil government 
there. Full instructions had been sent to Maj. Hamtramck, commandant at Vin- 
cennes, to ascertain the exact feeling and temper of the Indian tribes of the 
Wabash. The instructions were accompanied by speeches to each of the tribes. A 
Frenchman, named Antoine Gamelin, was dispatched with these messages April 5, 
1790, who visited nearly all the tribes on the Wabash, St. Joseph, and St. Mary's 
Rivers, but was coldly received, most of the chiefs being dissatisfied with the policy 
of the Americans toward them, and prejudiced through English misr(!presentation. 
Full accounts of his adventures among the tribes, reached Gov. St. Clair at Kaskas- 
kia, in June, 1790. Being satisfied that there was no pi-ospectof effecting a general 
peace with the Indians of Indiana, he resolved to visit Gen. Harmar, at his head- 
quarters at Fort Washington, and consult with him on the means of carrying on an 
expedition against the hostile Indians ; but before leaving he intrusted Winthrop 
Sargent, the secretary of the Territory, with the execution of the resolutions of 
Congress regarding the lands and settlers on the Wabash. He directed that officer 
to proceed to Vincennes, lay out a county there, establish the militia and appoint 
the necessary civil and military officers. Accordingly Mr. Sargent went to Vin- 
cennes and organized Camp Knox, appointed the officers, and notified the inhabi- 
tants to present their claims to lands. In establishing these claims the settlers 
found great difficulty, and concerning this matter the secretary in his report to the 
president wrote as follows : 

Although the lands and lots which were awarded to the inhabitants appeared 
from very good oral testimony to belong to those persons to whom they were 
awarded, either by original grants, purchase or inheritance, yet there was scarcely 
one case in twenty where the title was complete, owing to the desultory manner in 
which public business had been transacted, and some other unfortunate causes. 
The original concessions by the French and British commandants were generall}' 
made upon a small scrap of paper, which it has been customary to lodge in the 
notary's office, who has seldom kept any book of record, but committed the most 
important land concerns to loose sheets, which in process of time have come into 
possession of persons that have fraudulently destroyed them ; or unacquainted with 
their consequence, innocently lost or trifled them away. By French usage they are 



;t^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



considered family inlieritanees, and often descend to women and cliildren. In one 
instance, during tlie government of St. Ange, a royal notary ran off with all the 
public papers in his possession, as by a certificate produced to me. And I am very 
sorry further to observe that in the ofBce of Mr. Le Grande, which continued from 
1777 to 1787, and where should have been the voucliers for imjiortant land transac- 
tions, the records have been so falsified, and there is such gross fraud and forgery 
as to invalidate all evidence and information which might be otherwise acquired 
from his papers. 

Mr. Sargent says there were about 150 French families at Vincennes in 1790. 
The heads of all the families had been at one time vested with certain titles to a 
portion of the soil ; and while the secretary was busy in straightening out those 
claims, he received a petition signed by eighty Americans, asking for the confirma- 
tion of grants of land ceded by the Court, organized by Col. John Todd, under the 
authority of Virginia. With reference to this cause, Congress, March 3, 1691, em- 
powered the territorial governor, in cases where land had been actually improved 
and cultivated under a supposed grant for the same, to confirm to the persons who 
made such improvements the lands supposed to have been granted, not, however, 
exceeding the quantity of 1,100 acres to any one person. 



CHAPTER V. 

MILITARY HISTORY. 

PONTIAC'S SIEGE OF DETROIT. 

In the Spring of 1763 Pontiac determined to take Detroit bj' an ingenious 
attack. He had his men file off their guns so that they would be short enough to 
conceal under their blanket clothing as they entered the fortification. A Canadian 
woman who went over to their village on the east side of the river to obtain some 
venison, saw them thus at woik on their guns, and suspected they were preparing 
for an attack on the whites. She told her neighbors what she had seen, and one of 
them informed the commandant, Major Gladwyn, who at first slighted the advice, 
but before another day had passed he had full knowledge of the plot. There is a 
legend that a beautiful Chippewa girl, well-known to Gladwyn, divulged to him the 
scheme which the Indians had in view, namely, that the next day Pontiac would 
come to the fort with sixty of his chiefs, each armed with a gun cut short and 
hidden under his blanket ; that Pontiac would demand a council, deliver a speech, 
offer a peace-belt of wampum, holding it in a reversed position as the signal for 



-®l>>. 



:^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



attack ; that the chiefs, sitting upon the ground, would then spring up and fire 
upon tlie officers, and the Indians out in the streets would next fall upon the 
garrison, and kill everj' Englishman but spare all the French. 

Gladwyn accordingly put the place in a state of defence as well as he could, 
and arranged for a quiet reception of the Indians and a sudden attack upon them 
when he should give a signal. At 10 o'clock, May 7, according to the girl's pre- 
diction, the Indians came, entered the fort, and proceeded with the programme, 
but witl) some hesitation, as they saw their plot was discovered. Pontiac made 
his speech, professing friendship for the English, etc., and without giving his signal 
for attack, sat down and heard Major Gladwyn's reply, who suffered him and his 
men to retire unmolested. He probably feared to take them as prisoners, as war 
was not actually commenced. 

The next day Pontiac determined to try again, but was refused entrance at the 
gate unless he should come in alone. He turned away in a rage, and in a few 
minutes some of his men commenced the peculiarly Indian work of attacking an 
innocent household and murdering them, just be3'ond the range of British guns. 
Another squad murdered an Englishman on an island at a little distance. Pontiac 
did not authorize the proceedings, but retired across the river and ordered pre- 
parations to be made for taking the fort by direct assault, the headquarters of the 
camp to be on " Bloody Run," west of the river. Meanwhile the garrison was 
kept in readiness for any out-break. The very next day Pontiac, having received 
reinforcements from the Chippewas of Saginaw Bay, commenced the attack, but 
was repulsed; no deaths upon either side. Gladwyn sent ambassadors to arrange 
for peace, but Pontiac, although professing to be willing, in a general way, to con- 
clude peace, would not agree to any particular proposition. A number of Canadians 
visited the fort and warned the commandant to evacuate, as 1,500 or more Indians 
would storm the place in an hour ; and soon afterward a Canadian came with a 
summons from Pontiac, demanding Gladwyn to surrender the post at once, and 
promising that, in case of comjiliance, he and his men would be allowed to go on 
board their vessels unmolested, leaving their arms and effects behind. To both 
these advices Major Gladwyn gave a flat refusal. 

Only three weeks' provisions were within the fort, and the garrison was in a 
deplorable condition. A few Canadians, however, from across the river, sent some 
provisions occasionally, by night. Had it not been for this timely assistance, the 
garrison would doubtless have had to abandon the fort. The Indians themselves 
soon began to suffer from hunger, as they had not prepared for a long siege ; but 
Pontiac, after some maraudings upon the French settlei-s had been made, issued 
" promise to pay " on birch bark, with which he pacified the residents. He sub- 
sequently redeemed all these notes. About the end of July, Capt. Dalzell arrived 

4 



't^ 



HISTORY OP MICHIGAN. 



from Niagara with reinforcements and provisions, and persuaded Gladwyn to under- 
take an aggressive movement against Pontiac. Dalzell was detailed for the purpose 
of attacking the camp at Parents' Creek, a mile and a half away, but, being delayed 
a day, Pontiac learned of his movements, and prepared his men to contest his march. 
On the next morning, July 31, before day-break, Dalzell went out with 250 men, 
but was repulsed with a loss of fifty-nine killed and wounded, while the Indians 
lost less than half that number. Parents' Creek was afterward known as " Bloody 
Run." 

Shortly afterward, the schooner " Gladwyn," on its return from Niagara, with 
ammunition and provisions, anchored about nine miles below Detroit for the night, 
when in the darkness about 300 Indians in canoes came quietly upon the vessel 
and very nearly succeeded in taking it. Slaughter proceeded vigorously until the 
mate gave orders to his men to blow \ip the schooner, when the Indians under- 
standing the design, fled precipitately, plunging into the water and swimming 
ashore. This desperate command saved the crew, and the schooner succeeded in 
reaching the post with the much-needed supply of provisions. 

By this time, September, most of the tribes around Detroit were disposed to 
sue for peace. A truce being obtained, Gladwyn laid in provisions for the Winter, 
while Pontiac retired with his chiefs to the Maumee country, only to prepare for a 
resumption of war the next Spring. He or his allies the next season carried on a 
petty warfare until in August when the garrison, now worn out and reduced, were 
relieved by fresh troops. Major Bradstreet commanding. Pontiac retired to the 
Maumee again, still to stir up hate against the British. Meanwhile the Indians 
near Detroit, scarcely comprehending what they were doing, were induced by 
Bradstreet to declare themselves subjects of Great Britain. An embassy sent to 
Pontiac induced him also to cease belligerent operations against the British. 

In 1769 the great chief and warrior, Pontiac, was killed in Illinois by a Kaskas- 
kia Indian, for a barrel of whisky offered by an Englishman named Williamson. 

EXPEDITIONS OF HARMAR, SCOTT AND WILKINSON. 

Gov. St. Clair, on his arrival at Fort Washington from Kaskaskia, had a long 
conversation with Gen. Harmar, and concluded to send a powertul force to chastise 
the savages about the head-waters of the Wabash. He had been empowered by 
the President to call on Virginia for 1,000 troops and on Pennsylvania for 500, and 
he immediately availed himself of this resource, ordering 300 of the Virginia mili- 
tia to muster at Fort Steuben, and march with the garrison of that fort to Vin- 
cennes, and join Maj. Hamtramgk, who had orders to call for aid from the militia of 
Vincennes, march u^j the Wabash and attack any of the Indian villages which he 
might think he could overcome. 



^. 



HISTORY OF UnCHIGAN. 



The remaining 1,200 of the militia were ordered to rendezvous at Fort Wash- 
ington, and to join the regular troops at that post under Gen. Harmar. At this 
time the United States troops in the West were estimated by Gen. Harmar at 400 
effective men. These, with the militia, gave him a force of 1,450 men. With this 
army Gen. Harmar marched from Fort Wasliington, September 30, and arrived 
at the Maumee, October 17. They commenced the work of punishing the Indians, 
but were not very successful. The savages, it is true, received a severe scourging, 
but the militia behaved so badly as to be of little or no service. A detachment of 
o40 militia and sixty regulars, under the command of Col. Hardin, were sorely 
defeated on the Maumee October 22. The next day the army took up the line of 
march for Fort Washington, wliich place they reached November 4, having lost in 
the expedition 183 killed and thirty-one wounded ; the Indians lost about as many. 
During the progress of this expedition Maj. Hamtramck marched up the Wabash 
from Vincennes, as far as the Vermillion river, and destroyed several deserted vil- 
lages, but without finding an enemy to oppose him. Although the savages seem to 
have been severely punished by these expeditions, yet they refused to sue for peace, 
and continued their hostilities. Thereupon, the inhabitants of the frontier settle- 
ments of Virginia took alarm, and the delegates of Ohio, Monongahela, Harrison, 
Randolph, Greenbrier, Kanawah and Montgomery counties sent a joint memorial 
to the Governor of Virginia, saying that the defenseless condition of the counties, 
forming aline of nearly 400 miles along the Ohio river, exposed to the hostile inva- 
sion of their Indian enemies, destitute of every kind of support, was truly alarm- 
ing, for, notwithstanding all the regulations of the General Government in that 
country, they have reason to lament tliat they have been up to that time ineffectual 
for their protection ; nor indeed could it be otherwise, for the garrisons kept by the 
Continental troops on the Ohio River, if of any use at all, must protect only the 
Kentucky settlement, as they immediately covered that country. They further 
stated in their memorial, " We beg leave to observe that we have reason to fear 
that the consequences of tlie defeat of our army by the Indians in the late expe- 
dition will be severely felt on our frontiers, as there is no doubt that the Indians 
will, in their turn, being flushed with victory, invade our settlements and exercise 
all their horrid murder upon the inhabitants thereof whenever the weather will 
permit them to travel. Then, is it not better to support us where we are, be the 
expense what it may, than to oblige such a number of your brave citizens, who 
have so long supported, and still continue to support, a dangerous frontier (although 
thousands of their relatives in the flesh have in the prosecution thereof fallen a 
sacrifice to the savage inventions) to quit the country, after all they have done and 
suffered, when you know that a frontier must be supported somewhere? " 

This memorial caused the Legislature of Virginia to authorize the Governor of 



r^ 



HISTORY OP MICHIGAN. 



that State to make any defensive operations necessary for the temporary defense of 
the frontiers, until the General Government could adopt and carry out measures to 
suppress the hostile Indians. The Governor at once called upon the military com- 
manding oflScers in the western counties of Virginia to raise by the first of March, 
1791, several small companies for this purpose. At the same time Charles Scott 
was appointed Brigadier-General of the Kentucky Militia, with authority to raise 
226 volunteers, to protect the most exposed portions of that district. A full report 
of the proceedings of the Virginia Legislature being transmitted to Congress, that 
body constituted a local Board of War for the district of Kentucky, consisting of 
five men. March, 1791, Gen. Henry Knox, Secretary of War, sent a letter of 
instructions to Gen. Scott, recommending an expedition of mounted men not 
exceding 750 men, against the Wea towns on the Wabash. With this force Gen. 
Scott, accordingly, crossed the Ohio, May 23, 1791, and reached the Wabash in 
about ten days. Many of the Indians, having discovered his approach, fled, tut he 
succeeded in destroying all the villages around Ouiatenon, together with several 
Kickapoo towns, killing thirty-two warriors and taking fifty-eight prisoners. He 
released a few of the most infirm prisoners, giving them a "talk," which they car- 
ried to the towns further up the Wabash, and which the wi'etched condition of his 
horses prevented him from reaching. 

March 3, 1791, Congress provided for raising and equipping a regiment for the 
protection of the frontiers, and Gov. St. Clair was invested with the chief command 
of about 3,000 troops, to be raised and employed against the hostile Indians in the 
territory over which his jurisdiction extended. He was instructed by the Secretary 
of War to march to the Miami village and establish a strong and permanent mili- 
tary post there, also such posts elsewhere along the Oliio as would be in communi- 
cation with Fort Washington. The post at Miami Village was intended to keep 
the savages in that vicinity in check, and was ordered to be strong enough in its 
garrison to afford a detachment of 500 or 600 men in case of emergency, either to 
chastise any of the Wabash or other hostile Indians or capture convoys of the 
enemy's provisions. The Secretary of War also urged Gov. St. Clair to establish 
that post as the first and most important part of the campaign. In case of a pre- 
vious treaty, the Indians were to be conciliated upon this point, if possible ; and he 
presumed good arguments might be offered to induce their acquiescence. Said he : 
" Having commenced your march upon the main expedition, and the Indians con- 
tinuing hostile, you will use every possible exertion to make them feel the effects 
of your superiority ; and, after having arrived at the Miami village and put your 
works in a defensible state, you will seek the enemy with the whole of your remain- 
ing force, and endeavor by all possible means to strike them with great severity." 

"In order to avoid future wars, it might be proper to make the Wabash and thence 



iht. 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



over to the Maumee, and down the same to its mouth, at Lake Erie, the boundary be- 
tween the people of the United States and the Indians (excepting so far as the same 
should relate to the Wyandots and Delawares), on the supposition of their continu- 
ing faithful to the treaties ; but if they should join in the war against the United 
States, and your army be victorious, the said tribes ought to be removed without the 
boundaries mentioned." 

Previous to marching a strong force to the Miami town. Gov. St. Clair, June 
25, 1791, authorized Gen. Wilkinson to conduct a second expedition, not exceeding 
500 mounted men, against the Indian villages on the Wabash. Accordingly, Gen. 
Wilkinson mustered his forces and was ready July 20, to march with 625 mounted 
volunteers, well armed, and provided with 30 days' provisions, and with this force 
he reached the Ke-na-pa-com-a-qua village on the north bank of Eel River, about 
six miles above its mouth, Aug. 7, where he killed six warriors and took 34 
prisoners. 

This town, which was scattered along the river for three miles, was totally 
destroyed. Wilkinson encamped on the ruins of the town that night, and the 
next day he commenced his march for the Kickapoo town, on the prairie which he 
was unable to reach owing to the impassable condition of the route which he adopted 
and the failing condition of his horses. He reported the estimated result of the 
expedition as follows : " I have destroyed the chief town of the Ouiatenon nation, 
and have made prisoners of the sons and sisters of the king. I have burned a 
respectable Kickapoo village, and cut down at least 400 acres of corn, chiefly in 
the milk." 

EXPEDITIONS OF ST. CLAIR AND WAYNE. 

The Indians were greatly damaged by the expeditions of Harmar, Scott and 
Wilkinson, but were far from being subdued. They regarded the policy 
of the United States as calculated to exterminate them from the land; and, 
goaded on by the English of Detroit, enemies of the Americans, they were excited 
to desperation. At this time the Britisli Government still supported garrisons 
at Niagara, Detroit and Michilimackinac, although it was declared by the second 
article of the definite treaty of peace of 1783, tliat the King of Great Britain would, 
" with all convenient speed, and without causing any destruction or carrying away 
any negroes or property of the American inhabitants, withdraw all his forces, gar- 
risons ar.d fleets from the United States, and from every post harbor and place 
within the same." That treaty also provided that the creditors on either side 
should meet with no lawful impediments to tlie recovery to the full value, in sterl- 
ing money, of all bona fide debts previously contracted. The Britisli Government 
claimed that the United Slates had broken faith in this particular understanding 
of the treaty, and in consequence refused to withdraw its forces from the territory. 



rrv^ 



V^i: 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



The British garrisons in the Lake Region were a source of much annoyance to the 
Americans, as they afforded succor to the hostile Indians, encouraging them to 
make raids among the Americans. This state of affairs in the territory north- 
west of the Ohio, continued from the commencement of tlie Revolutionary war to 
1796, when under a second treaty all British soldiers were withdrawn from the 
country. 

In September, 1791, St. Clair moved from Fort Washington with about 2,000 
men, and November 3, the main army, consisting of about 1,400 effective troops, 
moved forward to the head-waters of the Wabash, where Fort Recovery was after- 
ward erected, and here the army encamped. About 1,200 Indians were secreted 
a few miles distant, awaiting a favorable opportunity to begin an attack, which 
they improved on the morning of Nov. 4, about half an hour before sunrise. The 
attack was first made upon the militia, which immediately gave way. St. Clair 
was defeated and he returned to Fort Washington with a broken and dispirited 
army, having lost 39 officers killed, and 539 men killed and missing ; 22 ofiBcers 
and 232 men were wounded. Several pieces of artillery and all the baggage, 
ammunition baggage and provisions were left on the field of l)attle and fell into the 
hands of the victorious Indians. The stores and other public property lost in the 
action were valued at $32,800. There were also 100 or more American women 
with the army of the whites, very few of whom escaped the cruel carnage of the 
savage Indians. The latter, characteristic of their brutal nature, proceeded in the 
rush of victory to perpetrate the most horrible acts of cruelty and barbarity upon 
tlie bodies of the living and the dead Americans who fell into their hands. Believ- 
ing that the whites had made war for many years merely to acquire land, the 
Indians crammed clay and sand into the eyes and down the throats of the dying 
and the dead ! 

GEN. Wayne's great victory. 

Although no particular blame was attached to Gov. St. Clair for the loss in 
tliis expedition, yet he resigned the office of major-general, and was succeeded by 
Anthou}' Wayne, a distinguished officer of the Revolutionary war. Early in 1792, 
preparations were made by the General Government for re-organizing the army, so 
tliat it should consist of an eflScient degree of strength. Wayne arrived at Pitts- 
burgh in June, where the army was to rendezvous. Here he continued actively 
engaged in organizing and training his forces until October, 1793, when with an 
army of about 3,600 men, he moved westward to Fort Wasliington. 

While Wayne was preparing for an offensive campaign, every possible means 
was employed to induce the hostile tribes of the Northwest to enter into a general 
treaty of peace with the American Government ; speeches were sent among them, 
and agents to make treaties were also sent, but little was accomplished. Major 



fe^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



Hamtramck, who still remained at Viucennes, succeeded in concluding a general 
peace with the Wabash and Illinois Indians ; but the tribes more immediately under 
the influence of the British, refused to hear the sentiments of friendship that were 
sent among them, and tomahawked several of the messengers. Their courage had 
been aroused by St. Clair's defeat, as well as by the unsuccessful expedition which 
had preceded it, and they now felt quite prepared to meet a superior force under 
Gen. Wayne. The Indians insisted on the Ohio River as the boundary line between 
their lands and the lands of the United States, and felt certain that they could 
maintain that boundary. Maj. Gen. Scott, with about 1,600 mounted volunteers 
from Kentucky, joined the regular troops under Gen. Wayne, July 26, 1794, and on 
the 28th, the united forces began their march on the Indian towns of the Maumee 
River. Arriving at the mouth of the Auglaize, the}- erected Fort Defiance, and on 
August 15, the army advanced toward the British fort at the foot of the rapids of 
the Maumee, wliere on the 20th, almost within reach of the British, the American 
army obtained a decisive victory over the combined forces of the hostile Indians 
and a considerable number of the Detroit Br. militia. The number of the enemy was 
estimated at 2,000, against about 900 American troops actually engaged. This 
horde of savages, as soon as the action began, abandoned themselves to flight and 
dispersed with terror and dismay, leaving Wayne's victorious army in full and quiet 
possession of the field. The Americans lost thirty-three killed and one hundred 
wounded ; while the loss of the enemy was more than double this number. 

The army remained three days and nights on the banks of the Maumee, 
in front of the field of battle, during which time all the houses and corn- 
fields were consumed and destroyed for a considerable distance both above and be- 
low Fort Miami, as well as within pistol shot of the British garrison, who were 
compelled to remain idle spectators to this general devastation and conflagration, 
among which were the houses, stores and property of Col. McKee, the British 
Indian agent and "principal instigator of the war then existing between the 
United States and savages." On the return march to Fort Defiance the villages 
and cornfields for about fifty miles on each side of the Maumee were destroyed, as 
well as those for a considerable distance around that post. 

September 14, 1794, the army under Gen. Wayne commenced its march toward 
the deserted Miami villages at tlie confluence of St. Joseph and St. Mary's rivers, 
arriving October 17, and on the following day the site of Fort Wayne was selected. 
The fort was completed November 22, and garrisoned by a strong detachment of 
infantry and artillery, under the command of Col. John F. Hamtramck, who gave 
to the new fort the name of Fort Wa3'ne. In 1814, a new fort was built on the 
site of this structure. The Kentucky volunteers returned to Fort Washington and 
were mustered out of service. Gen. Wayne, with the Federal troops, marched to 



" ^s r- 






HISTORY OP MICHIGAN. 



Greenville and took up his headquarters during the Winter. Here in August, 1795, 
after several months of active negotiation, this gallant officer succeeded in conclud- 
ing a getieral treaty of peace with all the hostile tribes of the Northwestern Ter- 
ritory. This treaty opened the way for the flood of immigration for man}' years, and 
ultimately made the States and Territories now constituting the mighty Northwest. 

Up to the organization of the Indiana Territory there is but little history' to 
record apart from those events connected with military affairs. In July 1796, as 
before stated, after a treaty was concluded between the United States and Spain, 
the British garrisons, with their arms, artillery and stores were withdrawn from 
the posts within the boundaries of the United States northwest of the Ohio River, 
and a detachment of American troops, consisting of sixty-five men, under the com- 
mand of Capt. Moses Porter, took possession of the evacuated post of Detroit in 
the same month. 

In the latter part of 1796 Winthrop Sargent went to Detroit and organized 
the county of Wayne, forming a part of the Indiana Territory until its division in 
1805, when the Territory of Michigan was organized. 

REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 

By this important struggle the territory of the present State of Michigan was 
but little affected, the posts of Detroit and Mackinaw being the principal points 
whence the British operated among the Indians to prejudice them against the 
" Americans," going so far as to pay a reward for scalps, which the savages, of 
course, hesitated not to take from defenseless inhabitants. The expeditions made 
by the Indians for this purpose were even supported sometimes by the regular 
troops and local militia. One of these joint expeditions, commanded by Capt. 
Byrd, set out from Detroit to attack Louisville, Ky. It proceeded in boats as far 
as it could ascend the Maumee, and thence crossed to the Ohio River, on which 
stream Ruddle's Station was situated, which surrendered at once, without fighting, 
under the promise of being protected from the Indians ; but this promise was 
broken and all the prisoners massacred. 

Another expedition under Gov. Hamilton, the commandant at Detroit, started 
out iu 1778, and appeared at Vincennes, Ind., with a force of thirty regulars, fifty 
French volunteers and about 400 Indians. At this fort the gan-ison consisted of 
only Capt. Helm and one soldier named Henry. Seeing the troops at a distance, 
they loaded a cannon, which they placed in the open gateway, and Capt. Helm 
stood by the cannon with a lighted match. When Hamilton with his army 
approached within hailing distance, Helm called out with a loud voice, " Halt !" 
This show of resistance made Hamilton stop and demand a surrender of the garri- 
son. " No man," exclaimed Helm, with an oath, " enters here until I know the 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



terms." Hamilton replied, " You shall have the honor of war." Helm thereupon 
surrendered the fort, and the whole garrison, consisting of the two already named, 
marched out and received the customary marks of respect for their brave defense. 
Hamilton was soon after made to surrender this place to Gen. George Rogers Clark, 
the ablest American defender in the West. The British soldiers were allowed to 
return to Detroit ; but their commander, who was known to have been active in 
instigating Indian barbarities, was put in irons and sent to Virginia as a prisoner 
of war. 

The events just related are specimens of what occurred at and in connection 
with Detroit from the close of Pontiac's war until a number of years after the 
establishment of American Independence. When the treaty of peace was signed 
in Versailles in 1783, the British on the frontier reduced their aggressive policy 
somewhat, but they continued to occupy the lake posts until 1796, on the claim that 
the lake region was not designed to be included in the treaty by the commissioners, 
probably on account of their ignorance of the geography of the region. Mean- 
while tlie Indians extensively organized for depredation upon the Americans, and 
continued to harass them at every point. During this period Alexander McKenzie, 
an agent of the British Government, visited Detroit, painted like an Indian, and 
said that he was just from the upper lakes, and that the tribes in that region were 
all in arms against any further immigi'ation of Americans, and were ready to attack 
the infant settlements in Ohio. His statement had the desired effect, and encour- 
aged also by an agent from the Spanish settlements on the Mississippi, the Indians 
organized a great confederacy against the United States. To put this down Gen. 
Harmar was first sent out by the Government with 1,400 men ; but he imprudently 
divided his army, and he was taken by surprise and defeated by a body of Indians 
under " Little Turtle." Gen. Arthur St. Clair was next sent out, with 2,000 men, 
and he suffered a like fate. Then Gen. Anthony Wayne was sent West with a still 
larger army, and on the Maumee he gained an easy victory over tlie Indians, within a 
few miles of a British post. He finally concluded a treaty with the Indians at Green- 
ville, which broke up the whole confederacy. The British soon afterwards gave up 
Detroit and Mackinaw. 

It was a considerable time before the Territory of Michigan now in possession 
of the United States, was improved or altered by the increase of settlements. The 
Canadian French continued to form the principal part of its population. The 
interior of the country was but little known, except by the Indians and the fur 
traders. The Indian title not being fully extinguished, no lands were brought into 
market, and consequently the settlements increased but slowly. Tiie State of 
Michigan at this time constituted simply the county of Wayne in Northwest Ter- 
ritory. It sent one representative to the legislature of that Territory, which was 



rrv* 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



held at Chillicothe. A court of Common Pleas was organized for the county, and 
the General Court of the whole Territory sometimes met at Detroit. No roads had 
as yet been constructed through the interior, nor were there an}' settlements except 
on the frontiers. The habits of the people were essentially military, and but little 
attention was paid to agriculture except by the French peasantry. A representative 
was sent to the General Assembly of the Northwest Territory at Chillicothe until 
1800, when Indiana was erected into a separate Territory. Two years later Mich- 
igan was annexed to Indiana Territory, but in 1805 Michigan separated and William 
Hull was appointed its first Governor. 

The British revived the old prejudices that the Americans intended to drive 
the Indians out of the country, and the latter, under the lead of Tecumseh and his 
Ijrother Elkswatawa, the " prophet," organized again on an extensive scale to make 
war upon the Americans. The great idea of Tecumseh's life was a univei-sal con- 
federacy of all the Indian tribes North and South to resist the invasion of the 
whites ; and his plan was to surprise them at all their posts throughout the country 
and capture them by the first assault. At this time the entire white population of 
Michigan was about 4,800, foui--fifths of whom were French and the remainder 
Americans. The settlements were situated on the rivers Miami and Raisin, on 
the Huron of Lake Erie, on the Ecorse Range, and Detroit Rivers, on the Huron 
of St. Clair, on the St. Clair River and Mackinaw Island. Besides, there were here 
and there a group of huts belonging to the French fur traders. The villages on the 
Maumee, the Raisin and the Huron of Lake Erie contained a population of about 
l,oOO ; the settlements at Detroit and northward had about 2,200 ; Mackinaw about 
1,000. Detroit was garrisoned by ninety-four men, and Mackinaw by seventy-nine. 

hull's surrender. 

Now we have to record an unexplained mystery, which no historian of Mich- 
igan can omit, namely, the surrender of Detroit to the British by Gen. Hull, when 
his forces were not in action and were far more powerful than the enemy. He was 
either a coward or a traitor, or both. The commander of the British forces. Gen. 
Brock, triumphantly took possession of the fort, left a small garrison under Col. 
Proctor, and returned to the seat of his government. In twelve days he had moved 
with a small army 250 miles against the enemy, effected the surrender of a strong 
fort and well-equipped army of 2,300 effective men, and one of the Territories of 
the United States. Hull and the regular troops were taken to Montreal, and the 
militia were sent to their homes. 

In the capitulation, Gen. Hull also surrendered Fort Dearborn, at Chicago, 
commanding C^aptain Heald of that place to evacuate and retreat to Fort Wayne. 
In obedience to this order, the Captain started from the fort with his forces ; but 



^ 4*— ^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



fe. 



no sooner were they outside the walls than they were attacked by a large force of 
Indians, who took them prisoners and then proceeded to massacre them, killing 
thirty-eight out of the sixty-six soldiers, even some of the women and children, two 
of the former and twelve of the latter. Captain Wells, a white man who had been 
brought up among the Indians, but espoused the white man's cause, was killed in 
the massacre. 

January 3, 1814, Gen. Hull appeared before a court-martial at Albany, N. Y., 
where Gen. Dearborn was president. The accused made no objection to the con- 
stitution and jurisdiction of this court ; its sessions were protracted and every 
facility was given the accused to make his defense. The tliree charges ao-ainst 
him were treason, cowardice and neglect of duty. Hull was finally acquitted of 
the high crime of treason, but he was found guilty of the other charges, and sen- 
tenced to be shot ; but by reason of his services in the Revolution and his advanced 
age the court recommended him to the mercy of the President, who approved the 
sentence and dismissed Hull from the service. The accused wrote a long defense, 
in which he enumerates many tilings too tedious to relate here. 

Even before lie was sent to Detroit he was rather opposed to the policy of the 
Government toward the British of Canada; and, besides, he had been kindly treated 
by British ofiScers, who helped liim across the frontier. Again, the General Gov- 
ernment was unreasonably slow to inform the General of the declai-ation of war 
which had been made against Great Britain, and very slow to forward troops and 
supplies. Many things can be said on both sides ; but historians generally approve 
the judgment of the court in his case, as well as of the executive clemency of the 
President. 

perry's victory. 

The lake communication of Michigan with the East, having been in the hands 
of the British since Hull's surrender, was cut off by Com. Perry, who obtained 
a signal naval victory over the British on Lake Erie, September 10, 1813. The 
Commodore put his fleet at Erie, Pa., under great disadvantages. The bar at the 
mouth of the harbor would not pei-mit the vessels to pass out with their aruiament 
on board. For some time after the fleet was ready to sail, the British commodore 
continued to hover off the harbor, well knowing it must either remain there inac- 
tive or venture out with almost a certainty of defeat. During this blockade, Com. 
Perry had no alternative, but to ride at anchor at Erie ; but early in September 
the enemy relaxed his vigilance and withdrew to the upper end of the lake. Perry 
then slipped out beyond the bar and fitted his vessels for action. The British fleet 
opposed to Com. Perry consisted of the ships " Detroit," carrying nineteen guns ; 
the " Queen Charlotte," seventeen guns; the schooner " Lady Prevost," thirteen 
guns ; the brig " Hunter," ten guns; the sloop " Little Belt," three guns, and the 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



schooner " Chippewa," one gun and two swivels; and this fleet was commanded by 
a veteran ofEoer of tried skill and valor. 

At sunrise, September 10, while at anchor in Put-in-Bay, the Commodore 
espied the enemy toward the head of the lake, and he immediately sailed up and 
commencetl action. His flag vessel, the Lawrence, was engaged with the full force of 
the enemy for nearly two hours before the wind permitted the other vessels to come 
in proper position to help. The crew of this vessel continued the fight until every 
one of them was either killed or wounded, all the rigging torn to pieces and every 
gun dismantled. Now comes the daring feat of the engagement which makes Perry 
a hero. He caused his boat to be lowered, in which he rowed to the Niagara amid 
the storm of shot and shell raging around him. This vessel he sailed tlirough the 
enemy's fleet with swelling breeze, pouring in her broadsides upon their ships and 
forcing them to surrender in rapid succession, until all were taken. The smaller 
vessels of his fleet helped in this action, among which was one commanded by the 
brave and faithful Capt. Elliott. This victory was one of the most decisive in all 
the annals of American history. It opened the lake to Gen. Wni. H. Harrison, 
who had been operating in Indiana and Ohio, and who now crossed with his army 
to Canada, where he had a short campaign, terminated by the battle of the Morav- 
ian towns, by which the enemy were driven from the northwestern frontier. A 
detachment of his army occupied Detroit, September 20, 1813, and October 18, an 
armistice was concluded with the Indians, then restoring tranquility to the Terri- 
tory of Michigan. Soon afterward Gen. Harrison left Gen. Cass in command at 
Detroit and moved with the main body of his army down to the Niagara frontier. 

Perry's brilliant success gave to the Americans the uncontrolled command of 
the lake, and September 23, their fleet landed 1,200 men near Maiden. Col. Proc- 
tor, however, had previously evacuated that post, after setting fire to the fort and 
public storehouses. Commodore Perry in the meantime, passed up to Detroit with 
the " Ariel, " to assist in the occupation of that town, while Capt. Elliott, with the 
"Lady Prevost," the "Scorpion," and the "Tigress," advanced into Lake St. Clair 
to intercept the enemy's stores. Thus Gen. Harrison, on his arrival at Detroit and 
Maiden, found both places abandoned by the enemy, and was met by the Canadians 
asking for his protection. Tecumseh proposed to the British commander that they 
should hazard an engagement at Maiden ; but the latter foresaw that he should be 
exposed to the fire of the American fleet in that position, and therefore resolved to 
march to the Moravian towns upon the Thames, near St. Clair Lake, above Detroit, 
and there try the chance of a battle. His force at this time consisted of about 900 
regular troops and 1,500 Indians, commanded by Tecumseh. The American army 
amounted to about 2,700 men, of whom 120 were regulars, a considerable number 
of militia, about thirty Indians, and the remainder Kentucky riflemen, well mount- 



.fv 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



ed, and mainly young men, full of ardor, and burning with a desire to revenge the 
massacre of their friends and relatives at the River Raisin. During the following 
Winter, there were no military movements, except an incursion into the interior of 
the upper province, by Major Holmes, who was attacked near Stony Creek, and 
maintained his ground with bravery. 

CLOSE OF THE WAE. 

The war with Great Britain was now (November, 1813), practically closed, so 
far as the Northwest was concerned, the post at Mackinaw yet remained in the 
hands of the enemy, but active steps were taken to dispossess the English of this 
point and drive them wholly from the domain of the United States. The first 
effort to start an expedition failed ; but in the Summer of 1814, a well-equipped 
force of two sloops oi war, several schooners, and 750 land militia, under the com- 
mand of Commodore St. Clair and Lieut. Colonel Croghan, started for the north. 
Contrary, however, to the advice of experienced men, the commanders concluded 
to visit St. Joseph first, and the British, of Mackinaw, heard of t>heir coming, and 
prepared themselves. The consequence was a failure to take the place. Major 
Holmes was killed, and the Winnebago Indians, from Green Bay, allies of the 
British, actually cut out the hearts and liver from the American slain, and cooked 
and ate them ! Com. Sl. Clair afterward made some arrangements to starve out 
the post, but his vessels were captmed, and the British then remained secure in the 
possession of the place until the treaty of peace the following Winter. 

The war with England formally closed on December 24, 1814, when a treaty 
of peace was signed at Ghent. The ninth article of the treaty required the 
United States to put an end to hostilities with all tribes or nations of Indians with 
whom they had been at war ; to restore to such tribes or nations respectively all the 
rights and possessions to which they were entitled in 1811, before the war, on con- 
dition that such Indians should agree to desist from all hostilities against the United 
States. But in February, just before the treaty was sanctioned by our Government 
there were signs of Indians accumulating arms and ammunition, and a cautionary 
order was therefore issued to have all the white forces in readiness for an attack 
by the Indians, but the attack was not made. During the ensuing Summer and Fall, 
the United States Government acquainted the Indians with the provisions of the 
treaty and entered into subordinate treaties of peace with the principal tribes. 
Just before the treaty of Spring Wells (near Detroit) was signed, the Sha- 
wanee Prophet retired to Canada, declaring his resolution to abide by any 
treaty which the chiefs might sign. Some time afterward he returned to the Sha- 
wanee settlement in Ohio, and lastly to the west of the Mississippi, where he died 
in 1834. The British Government allowed him a pension from 1813 until his 
death. 






, M^ — «- 

63 HISTORY OP" MICHIGAN. 



THE TECUMSEH WAR. 

If one should inquire who has been the greatest Indian, tlie most noted, the 
" principal Indian." in North America since its discovery by Columbus, we would 
be obliged to answer, Tecumseh. For all those qualities that elevate a man far 
above his race ; for talent, tact, skill and bravery as a warrior ; for high-minded, 
honorable and chivalrous bearing as a man ; in a word, for all those elements of 
greatness which place him along way above his fellows in savage life, the name and 
fame of Tecumseh will go down to posterity in the West as one of the most cele- 
brated of the aborigines of this continent, — as one who had no equal among the 
tribes that dwelt in the country drained by the Mississippi. Born to command him- 
self, he used all the appliances that would stimulate the courage and nerve the 
valor of his followers. Always in the front rank of battle, his followers blindly 
followed his lead, and as his war-cry rang clear above the din and noise of the 
battle-field, the Shawnee warriors, as they rushed on to victory or the grave, rallied 
around him, forever worthy of the steel of the most gallant commander that ever 
entered tiie list in the defense of his altar or his home. 

The tribe to which Tecumseh, or Tecumtha, as some write it, belonged, was the 
Shawnee, or Shawanee. The tradition of the nation held that they originally came 
from the Gulf of Mexico ; that they wended their way up the Mississippi and the 
Ohio, and settled at or near the present site of the Shawneetown, 111., whence they 
removed to the upper Wabash. In the latter place, at any rate, they were found 
early in the 18th century, and were known as the " bravest of the brave." This 
tribe has uniformly been the bitter enemy of the white man, and in every contest 
with our people exhibited a degree of skill and strategy that should character- 
ize the most dangerous foe. Tecumseh's notoriety and that of his brother, the 
Prophet, mutually served to establish and strengthen each other. While the 
Prophet had unlimited power, spiritual and temporal, he distributed his greatness 
in all the departments of Indian life with a kind of fanaticism that magnetically 
aroused the religious and superstitious passions, not only of his own followers, but 
also of all the tribes in this part of the country ; but Tecumseh concentrated his 
greatness upon the more practical and business affairs of military conquest. It is 
doubted whether he was really a sincere believer in the pretensions of his fanatic 
brother; if he did not believe in the pretentious feature of them he had the shrewd- 
ness to keep his unbelief to himself, knowing that religious fanaticism was one of 
the strongest impulses to reckless bravery. 

During his sojourn in the Northwestern Territory, it was Tecumseh's upper- 
most desire of life to confederate all the Indian tribes of the country, against the 
whites, to maintain their choice hunting-grounds. All his public policy converged 
toward this single end. In his vast scheme he comprised even all the Indians in 



,k 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



the Gulf country, — all in America west of the Alleghany mountains. He held, as 
a subordinate principle, that the Great Spirit had given the Indian race all these 
hunting-grounds to keep in common, and that no Indian or tribe could cede any 
portion of the land to the whites without consent of all the trices. Hence, in all 
his councils with the whites he ever maintained that the treaties were null and 
void. 

When he met Harrison at Vincennes in council the last time, and, as he was 
invited by the General to take a seat with him on the platform, he hesitated ; Har- 
rison insisted, saying that it was the " wish of their Great Father, the President of 
the United States that he should do so." The chief paused a moment, raised his 
tall and commanding form to its greatest height, surveyed the troops and crowd 
around him, lixed his keen eyes upon Gov. Harrison, and then turning them to the 
sky above, and pointing toward heaven with his sinewy arm in a manner indicative 
of supreme contempt for the paternity assigned him, said in clarion tones : " My 
Father ? The sun is my father, the earth is my mother, and on her bosom I will 
recline." He then stretched himself, with his warriors on the green sward. The 
effect was electrical, and for some moments there was perfect silence. 

The Governor, then, through an interpreter, told him that he understood that 
he had some complaints to make and redress to ask, etc., and that he wished to 
investigate the matter and make restitution whenever it might be decided it should 
be done. As soon as the Governor was through with this introductory speech, the 
stately warrior arose, tall, athletic, manly, dignified and graceful, and with a voice 
at first low, but distinct and musical, commenced a reply. As he warmed up with 
his subject his clear tones might be heard, as if " trumpet-tongued," to the utmost 
limits of the assembly — tlie most perfect silence prevailed, except when his warriors 
gave their guttural assent to some eloquent recital of the red-men's wrong and the 
white man's injustice. Tecumseh recited the wrongs whicli his race had suffered 
from the time of the massacre of the Moravian Indians to the present ; said he did 
not know how he ever again could be the friend of the white man ; that the Great 
Spirit had given to the Indian all the land from the Miami to the Mississippi, and 
from the lakes to the Ohio, as a common property to all the tribes in these borders, 
and that the land could not and should not be sold without the consent of all ; 
that all the tribes on the continent formed but one nation ; that if the United 
States would not give up the lands they had bought of the Miamis and the other 
tribes, those united with him were determined to annihilate those tribes; that they 
were determined to have no more chiefs, but in future to be governed by their war- 
riors ; that unless the whites ceased their encroachments upon Indian lands, the 
fate of the Indians was sealed ; they had been driven from the banks of the Dela- 
ware across the Alleghanies, and their possessions on the Wabash and the Illinois 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



were now to be taken from tliem ; that in a few years the}' would not have ground 
enough to buiy their warriors on tliis side of " Father of Waters ; " that all would 
perish, all their possessions taken from tliem by fraud or force, unless tliey stopped 
the progress of the white man westward ; that it must be a war of races in wliich 
one or the other must perish ; that their tribes had been driven toward the setting 
sun like a galloping horse (ne-kat-a-kush-e-ka-top-o-lin-to). 

The Sliawnee language, in which this most eminent Indian statesman spoke, 
excelled all other aboriginal tongues in its musical articulation ; and the effect of 
Tecumseh's oratory on this occasion can be more easily imagined than described. 
Gov. Harrison, altliougli as brave a soldier and general as any American, was over- 
come by his speech. He well knew Tecumseh's power and influence among all the 
tribes, knew his bravery, courage and determination, and knew that he meant what 
he said. Wiien Tecuraseh was done speaking there was a stillness throughout the 
assembly which was really painful ; not a whisper was heard, and all eyes were 
turned from the speaker toward Gov. Harrison, who after a few moments came to 
himself, and recollecting many of the absurd statements of the great Indian orator, 
began a reply which was more logical, if not so eloquent. The Shawnees were 
attentive until Harrison's interpreter began to translate his speech to the Miamis 
and Pottawatomies, when Tecumseh and his warriors sprang to their feet, brand- 
ishing their war-clubs and tomahawks. " Tell him," said Tecumseh, addressing 
the interpreter in Shawnee, " he lies." The interpreter undertook to convey this 
message to the Governor in smootlier language, but Tecumseh noticed the effort 
and remonstrated, " No, no; tell him he lies." The warriors began to grow more 
excited, when Secretary Gibson ordered the American troops in arms to advance. 
This allaj-ed the rising storm, and as soon as Tecumseli's " He lies" was literally 
interpreted to the Governor, the latter told the interpreter to tell Tecumseh he 
would hold no further council with liim. 

Thus the assembly was broken up, and one can hardly imagine a more exciting 
scene. It would constitute the finest subject for a historical painting to adorn the 
rotunda of the capitol. The next day Tecumseh requested another interview with 
the Governor, which was granted on condition that he should make an apology to 
the Governor for his language the day before. This he made through the inter- 
preter. Measures for defense and protection were taken, however, lest there should 
be another outbreak. Two companies of militia were ordered from the country, 
and the one in town added to them, while the Governor and his friends went into 
council fully armed and prepared for any contingency. On this occasion the con- 
duct of Tecumseh was entirely different from that of the day before. Firm and 
intrepid, showing not the slightest fear or alarm, surrounded with a military force 
four times his own, he preserved the utmost composure and equanimity. None 



•■C i 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



would have supposed that he could have been the principal actor in the thrilling 
scene of the previous day. He claimed that half the Americans were in sympathy 
with him. He also said that whites had informed him that Gov. Harrison had 
purchased land from tlie Indians without any authority from the Government ; that 
he, Harrison, had but two years more to remain in office, and that if he, Tecumseh, 
could prevail upon the Indians who sold the lands not to receive their annuities for 
that time, and the present Governor displaced by a good man as his successor, the 
latter would restore to the Indians all tlie lands purchased from them. The Wyan- 
dots, Kickapoos, Pottawattomies, Ottawas and the Winnebagoes, through their 
respective spokesmen, declared their adherence to the great Shawnee warrior and 
statesman. Gov. Harrison then told them that he would send Tecumseh's speech 
to the President of the United States and return the answer to the Indians as soon 
as it was received. Tecumseh then declared that he and his allies were determined 
that the old boundary line should continue ; and that if the whites crossed it, it 
would be at their peril. Gov. Harrison replied that he would be equally plain with 
him and state that the President would never allow that the lands on the Wabash 
were the property of any other tribes than those who had occupied them since the 
white people first came to America ; and as the title to the lands lately purchased 
was derived from those tribes by a late purchase, he might rest assured that the 
right of the United States would be supported by the sword. " So be it " was the 
stern and haughty reply of the Shawnee chieftain, as he and his braves took leave 
of the Governor and wended their way in Indian file to their camping ground. 
Thus ended the last conference on earth by the chivalrous Tecumseli and the 
hero of the battle of Tippecanoe. The bones of the first lie bleaching on the 
battlefield of the Thames, and those of the last in a mausoleum on the banks of 
the Ohio ; each struggled for the mastery of his race, and each no doubt was 
equally honest and patriotic in his purposes. The weak yielded to the strong, the 
defenseless to the powerful, and the hunting-ground of the Shawnee is all occupied 
by his enemy. 

Tecumseh, with four of his braves, immediately embarked in a birch canoe, 
descended the Wabash, and went on to the South to unite the tribes of that country 
in a general system of self-defense against the encroachment of the whites. His 
emblem was a disjointed snake, with the motto " Join or die ! " In union alone 
was strength. 

Before Tecumseh left the Prophet's town at the mouth of the Tippecanoe River, 
on his excursion to the South, he had a definite understanding with his brother and 
the chieftains of the other tribes in the Wabash country, that they should preserve 
perfect peace with the whites until his arrangements were completed for a con- 
federacy of the tribes on both sides of the Ohio and on the Mississippi River ; but 

5 



>fv* 



HISTORY OF MIcrilGAN. 



it seems that while he was in the Soutli engaged in his work of uniting the tribes 
of that country some of the Northern tribes showed signs of fight and precipitated 
Harrison into that campaign which ended in the battle of Tippecanoe, and the 
total rout of the Indians. Tecumseh, on his return from tlie South, learning what 
had happened, was overcome with chagrin, disappointment, and anger, and accused 
his brother of duplicity and cowardice ; indeed, it is said, he never forgave him to 
the day of his death. A short time afterward, on the breaking out of the war with 
Great Britain, he joined Proctor, at Maiden, with a party of his warriors, and was 
killed at the battle of the Thames, October 5, 1813, by a Mr. Wheatl}', as we are 
positively informed by Mr. A. J. James, now a resident of La Harpe township, 
Hancock County, Illinois, whose father-in-law, John Pigman, of Coshocton County, 
Ohio, was an eye-witness. Gen. Johnson has generally had the credit of killing 
Tecumseh. 

THE BLACK HAWK WAR. 

The excitement which this war caused throughout the settlements of Michigan 
was such as would appear incomprehensible at the present time. Macomb County 
was no exception to the general rule, although her French citizens maintained a 
dignified equanimity. 

On the mor-ing of May 10, 1832, the news of Black Hawk's advance reached 
Col. J. D. Davis' camp at Plymouth, and was carried thence into the homes of 
Macomb by a dozen of busy gossijjers. At each village the number of Indians was 
increased by these faithful couriers until, at length, when the news reached Mt. 
Clemens, it was to the effect that Black Hawk and 80,000 warriors were encamped 
at that moment on Pigeon Prairie. 

The men liable to military service in the county were called out, but on learn- 
ing that the seat of war was several hundred miles west, that the rejjorts were 
entirely exaggerated ; that the Sacs and Foxes were scattered or slain, then, and 
only then did the white warriors of Macomb return to their homes. 

THE TOLEDO WAR. 

The convention to form a State Constitution met on the second Monday in 
May, 1835, in the city of Detroit, performing their duties and adjourning the '24th 
of the same month. In giving their boundaries they made the southern the same 
as recognized by the ordinance of 1787, and as understood when the Territory 
was formed. The constitution framed by the convention was submitted to 
the people and by them approved, after which it was sent to Congress for its 
action, not doubting but Michigan would be admitted as a State as soon as Con- 
gress assembled. 

To this boundary Ohio entered her protest by her delegation in Congress, and 



■^s i- 






HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



by her State Legislature and Executive, and at once organized her civil powers 
through and over the disputed territory, which was about six miles wide on the 
Indiana line, and eight or nine miles at the INIauraee River. Congress rejected the 
application on the 15th of June, 1836, and submitted a proposition to the people 
of the Territory July 25 of the same j^ear, fixing the southern boundary where 
it now is, and in consideration therefor the following grants were to be made: 

1st. Section 16 of every township for the use of schools. 

2d. Seventy-two sections for a State University. 

3d. Five sections to build a State Capitol. 

4th. Twelve salt springs, with six sections of land to each, for the general 
uses of the Territory. 

5th. Five per cent, of net proceeds of public lands, when sold, for public roads 
and canals. 

6th. Alteration of northern boundaries so as to include the upper peninsula. 

While this question of boundary was pending in Congress, great excitement 
sprang up among the people on both sides, so great, indeed, as to lead to what was 
known as the Toledo War. 

To get a clear insight into the ways and methods by which the first pioneers 
of the country managed questions affecting their local interests, we can do no bet- 
ter than to adopt, in these pages, the story of each participant, and from these 
draw our own conclusions as to the right. Michigan says: The approachino- 
organization of the State Government invested the disputed question with pressing 
importance, and hostilities on the disputed territory soon became active. In Feb- 
ruary, 1835, the Legislature of Ohio passed an act extending the jurisdiction of 
that State over the territory in question, organized townships and directed them 
to elect officers in April following. It also directed Gov. Lucas to appoint three 
commissioners to survey and re-mark the Harris line, and named April 1 as the 
time when the work should commence. Gov. Mason anticipated this action of the 
Ohio Legislature by an act of the Legislative Council making it a criminal offense, 
punishable by a heavy fine, or by imprisonment, for any one to attempt to exercise 
any official functions, or to accept any office witliin the jurisdiction of the Territory 
of Michigan by virtue of any authority not derived from said Territory or from the 
United States. Gov. Mason directed Gen. Brown, then in command of the militia 
of the Territory, to hold himself in readiness to take the field should Ohio attempt 
to carry out the instructions of her Legislature. On the 31st of March, Governor 
Lucas, with liis commissioners, and Gen. Bell of tlie Ohio militia, arrived at Perrys- 
burg,on their way to commence the survey and re-marking of the Harris line. Here 
they proceeded to muster a force of 600 volunteers, who were organized and went 
into camp at Fort Miami to await the Governor's orders. 



C8 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



In the meantime Gov. Mason with Gen. Brown had raised a force from eight 
to twelve hundred strong, and were in possession of Toledo. When Gov. Lucas 
observed the determined bearing of the Michigan braves, and took note of tlieir 
numbers, he found it convenient to content himself for a time " with watching over 
the border." Several days were passed in this exhilarating employment, and just 
when he had made up his mind to do something rash, two Commissioners arrived 
from Washington, on a mission of peace. Tiiey remonstrated with Gov. Lucas 
and reminded him of the consequences to himself and State if he attempted to gain 
possession by force. After several conferences with both Governors the Commis- 
sioners submitted the following propositions for their consideration : 1st. That the 
Harris line should be run and re-marked pursuant to the act of the Legislature of 
Ohio, without interruption. 2d. The civil elections under the laws of Ohio hav- 
ing taken place throughout the disputed territory, the people therein should be left 
to their own government, obeying the one jurisdiction or the other as they might 
prefer, without molestation from either side until tlie close of the next session of 
Congress. 

Gov. Lucas accepted the proposition at once, and disbanded his forces, regard- 
ing the proposition as coming from the President, through tlie Commissioners, and 
under his control. Gov. Mason, on the other hand, refused to accede to the 
arrangements, declined to compromise rights or surrender jurisdistion, but partially 
disbanded his forces, holding a sufficient number in readiness to meet any emei'- 
gency that might arise. Gov. Lucas now supposed his way clear, and that he 
could re-mark the Harris line without molestation, and he accordingly ordered the 
Commissioners to proceed with the work. 

In the 'meanwhile President Jackson had referred the matter to Attorney 
General Butler, as to his authority over tlie contending parties, and tlie validity of 
the act of the Ohio Legislature and the act of the Legislative Council under which 
the respective parties were claiming authority. 

The report of the Attorney General was decidedly in favor of Micliigan. The 
weak point in Ohio's claim was a violation of the act of 1805 creating that Terri- 
tory, and in subsequent acts passed for her government. 

Notwithstanding this. Gov. Lucas proceeded to run the line, commencing at 
the northwest corner of the disputed tract. Gov. Mason and Gen. Brown had kept 
a watchful eye, and when the surveying party got within the county of Lucas, tlie 
under-sheriff of that county, armed with a warrant, and supported by a posse, sud- 
denly made his appearance and succeeded in arresting a portion of the party. The 
rest, including the Commissioners, took to their heels and were soon beyond the 
disputed territory. Arriving at Perrysburg, they reported their valor and escape 
from the overwhelming attack of Gen. Brown, and their missing comrades all 



^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



killed or taken prisoners, to Gov. Lucas, he in turn reporting to the President. 
The President thereupon sent a copy to Gov. Mason, and asked for a state- 
ment of facts from the ofScers engaged in the transaction. Accordingly, the under- 
sheriff made a very amusing report, setting forth the fact that it was a civil process, 
issued by a Justice of the Peace, that under it he had arrested nine persons, without 
bloodshed or trouble, and closing with the statement that the Commissioners had 
made very good time, that they had reached Perrysburg with nothing more serious 
than the loss of hats and their clothing, like Gov. Marcy's breeches, without the 
patch. 

This summary breaking up of the surveying party created intense excitement 
throughout Ohio. An extra session of the Legislature was called, a law was passed 
against the abduction of any of her citizens, making it a penal offense punishable 
by not less than three nor more than seven years in the penitentiary. They also 
passed an act organizing the county of Lucas, fixing the county -seat at Toledo, and 
directing the court for the county to be held at any convenient house therein. 
They accepted the propositions of the President's Commissio!iers, and made an 
appropriation of #600,000 to carry these laws into effect over the disputed ter- 
ritory. 

It was evident that Ohio was aroused — that her State pride had been wounded. 
The idea that the young Territory of Michigan, with her stripling Governor, should 
successfully defy the great State of Ohio, with a million of inhabitants and her aged 
Governor, was one that the people could not endure with patience or equanimitv. 

In the meantime the authorities of Michigan were active in sustaining their 
authority on the disputed ground. Prosecutions for holding office under Ohio 
were conducted with great vigor ; for a long time the people of Monroe 
county were kept busy assisting the sheriff in executing his jjrocesses and making 
arrests in Toledo. Suit after suit was commenced, and each was the breeder of a 
score of others. The officers of Ohio made feeble attempts to retaliate, but were 
generally unsuccessful. Sometimes these arrests were attended with danger, al- 
ways with great difiSculty. An instance is related of Major Stickney's arrest, which 
created great amusement at the time. He and his family fought valiantly, but 
were overpowered by numbers. He was requested to mount a horse, but flatly 
refused. He was put on by force, but he would not sit there. Finally, two men 
were detailed to walk beside him and hold his legs, while a third led the horse. 
After making half the distance in this way, they tied his legs under the horse and 
thus got him in jail. An attempt was made to arrest his son. Two Stickney. A 
scuffle ensued, in which the officer was stabbed with a knife, but the wound did 
not prove dangerous, and it is believed that this was the only blood shed during 
the war. The officer let go his hold, and Stickney fled to Ohio. He was indicted 



V^ 



A 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



by the grand jury of Monroe County, and a requisition was made on the Governer 
of Ohio for his rendition, but the Governor refused to give him up. 

On one occasion an officer attempted to arrest a man in the night. Tlie man 
had but a moment's warning, and sought safety in flight. He reached the 
Maumee River, threw himself on a saw log, and with hands and feet paddled him- 
self in safety to the other shore. 

A very pious man was elected a justice of the peace, and fled to the woods, 
where he lived many days in a sugar shanty. It was currently reported, and 
generally believed by the Ohio partisans, that a miracle had been wrought in his 
behalf, — that "robin red-breasts" brought him his daily food and drink. The 
belief in this miracle strengthened the cause of Ohio in many quarters very mate- 
rially. 

The report of the stabbing by Two Stickney and the statement that Gov. 
Lucas was protecting him made great impression on the mind of the President. 
Both sides were becoming more importunate, and after investigating the difficulties 
fully he recommended to Gov. Mason that no obstruction should be made to the 
re-marking of the Harris line, that all prosecutions under the Territorial act of 
February' should be discontinued, and no others commenced until the next session 
of Congress. This recommendation had no effect on Gov. Mason. He was deter- 
mined to protect his Territory and her jurisdiction at all hazards. Prosecutions 
went on as before. When the President became aware of this he superseded Gov. 
Mason as Secretary of Michigan, and appointed Charles Shaler, of Pennsylvania, 
as liis successor. He also advised Gov. Lucas to refrain from any jurisdiction over 
the Territory pending the action of Congress. This check by the President was a 
great blow to Gov. Lucas. The eyes of the country were upon him, and he felt it 
incumbent on him to perform some act of jurisdiction in order to save himself from 
the imputation of having backed down. A happy thought struck him at an oppor- 
tune moment. The Legislature of Ohio had organized a county and ordered court 
to be held at Toledo on the 7th of September. To hold this court in the face and 
eyes of the military force of Gov. Mason and the recommendation of the President 
to abstain therefrom would be a grand achievement, — an act of jurisdiction greater 
than the re-marking of the Harris line. With him this was the thing to be done, 
and calling to his aid the Adjutant General of the State, they devised a plan, and 
it was put into his hands to manage. He called out a regiment to protect the 
judges in the discharge of their duty. The judges met on Sunday, tlie 6tli of Sep- 
tember, at Maumee, a few miles from Toledo. They were to proceed to Toledo the 
next morning, under the escort that had been provided for them, and hold court. 
Some time during the evening a scout who had been sent out by the colonel of the 
regiment returned from Toledo and reported that 1,200 men under command of 

'^ s r- "T ®pV~ 

V T 



'i^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



Gen. Brown, were in Toledo ready to demolish court, soldiers and all, in case of an 
attempt to open it. This report turned out to be false, but it immediately subdued all 
the valor of the judges, as well as that of the regiment that was to escort them. But 
it would not do to back out, — the honor and the dignity of the State must be main- 
tained ; besides, they would be laughed if they did not hold court. But the judges 
hesitated at undertaking so daring an exploit. The colonel of the regiment finally 
came to the Governor's assistance. He upbraided the judges for their cowardice 
and hesitation, and proposed to take the honor of the State into his own keeping. 
Stepping in front of his regiment, he called for volunteers for a hazardous under- 
taking. A few brave men answered the call. The trembling judges placed them- 
selves under the charge of this " forlorn hope," and at three o'clock on Monday 
morning, Sept. 7. 1835, they sneaked into Toledo, hunted up a school-house, held 
court about two minutes, and then ran for dear life back to Maumee. 

Thus did the State of Ohio triumph over her enemies. Thus did her patriotic 
sons sustain her dignity. Thus did her brave soldiers throw themselves in tlie 
imminent and deadlj' breach. 

It is needless to say that Gov. Mason and Geu. Brown were surprised and 
chagrined. They had an ample force within i-each to prevent the holding of a 
court, as courts are generallj^ held, but they were unacquainted with Ohio legal 
practice, and did not look for midnight tribunals held in dark school-rooms or out- 
houses. 

But little remains to be said in reference to the war. A volume might be 
written relating to the incidents of that bloodless struggle and the story of the pri- 
vations endured by the citizen soldiers, — privations which were relieved by raids 
on hen-coops, melon patches, and potato fields. The ludicrous incidents, the hair- 
breadth escapes, by field and flood, would be interesting to many, but space forbids 
more. 

Ohio says : This fired the heart of the young Governor, Stevens T. Mason ; his 
loyalty and zeal would not brook such an insult. The militia at his disposal was 
called early into requisition early in the Spring of 1835. They were first put upon 
the trail of the commissioners, and actually routed them and took several of the 
party prisoners, on the line some ten miles east of Morenci. These they held for 
a few days, then discharged some on parole and others on bail, to answer in the dis- 
trict court. 

But the end was not yet. A majority of those living on the disputed terri- 
tory, in Monroe County, were late emigrants from Ohio and Pennsylvania, and they 
were thoroughly impressed with the importance to them of being a part of Ohio. 
The port of Toledo was just opening to tlie traffic of the lakes ; the States of Ohio 
and Indiana were ready to bring in the Wabash Canal, provided it could tap the 



7t^ 



^1 



i 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



lake on Ohio's soil ; and, besides, Ohio was already quite an old State, and would 
be able to develop the territory mucli quicker, — that in fact the territorial interest 
was all centred at Detroit, and Toledo, if it remained to Michigan, would only be 
a dependency paying tribute. 

With these sentiments prevailing, the Governor of Ohio was induced to put in 
force the laws of the State. Proclamation was issued giving boundaries to towns 
and counties, and for the election of civil officers. Tlie elections were held, 
officers were chosen, and they assumed their duties. The militia was organized and 
commenced drilling. In short, we had two active and efficient governments, each 
striving to excel, and, as may be naturally inferred, the relations between them 
were not of a very friendly character, — the one acting as informers to Gov. Mason, 
the other mostly engaged in procuring bail to be relieved from arrests, preferring 
to have their transgressions settled by the courts of the country to an open and 
violent conflict of arms. 

Tlie Governor's quick, impulsive nature would brook this double- entendre no 
longer. The General Government did not respond to his call. Ohio would not 
stop at his bidding. The subjects were disloyal and refractory in their every act. 
Therefore, it become him as Governor to put a quietus on the whole difficulty. Ac- 
cordingly, he called out the militia of the Territory, to the number of about 1,500 
strong, early in the month of September, 1835, to prevent any further inroads upon 
the territory in dispute, and particularly to prevent the holding of circuit court in 
Lucas County, which had just been organized, with Toledo as the county seat, 
where the first session of the court was appointed to be held. 

This call was responded to readily in many parts of the Territory, a very few 
perhaps from this county. They rendezvoused in Monroe County, and thence 
marched to Tremainsville, on the afternoon before the court was to convene, 
where they bivouacked for the night. They were here three miles out from the 
objective point, and much hard work was to be done in a very short time to meet 
the emergencies of the morrow, for an army was to be organized out of the mate- 
rial presented. Upon inspection it was found that some had muskets, others 
had clubs, but most had trusty rifles. These were assigned to companies and 
battalions, and in the morning marshaled for inspection by the commander-in-chief. 
They were by him pronounced '■'•aufait" and ordered to march to the scene of the 
conflict. 

In entering the city they actually marched by the door where the court " of 
which they were in search" was in full operation, without knowing it. They had 
expected to find it guarded by an army that would be worthy of their steel. But 
where ? oh, where could they be '( They certainly could not be in Toledo, for the 
great army of our noble commander-in-chief covered the whole city and some of its 



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HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



suburbs. There could be but one conclusion. They had of course hied them- 
selves to the spot whence they came, and must be now on their way through 
the defiles of the black swamp. A council of war was held ; the surroundings 
looked dark ; they had come for blood and without it there could be no remission, 
the enemy having ignobly fled the field. The usages of war would therefore make 
their way clear, and reprisals would be in order. If they would not let the issue 
be decided by force of arms, they could expect nothing less, and must abide by 
these rules which had been recognized by all nations from time immemorial. In 
tliis strait, it did not take our brave commander long to decide. His forces were 
soon marshaled, formed in two battalions, the one ordered to make reprisals on the 
cellars and larders of the inhabitants, the others to move upon the magazines and 
commissary of the enemy, that a wag had informed them were stored in a barn 
owned b}" Piatt Card, known as one of the moving spirits in the rebellion, and 
who was then under bonds to answer for what he had heretofore done in in- 
citing it. 

This last work was not to be trusted to raw recruits, or committed to an in- 
ferior ofiBcer ; it was virtually the conquering of an army, and then who knew how 
strongly it was guarded within, or what migiit be the dangers of an approach. Ti)at 
the work might be quick and effectual it was decided that our brave commander 
should lead the fray. 

In reconnoitering the premises, all was still ; yet there were certain holes in 
the walls, reminding them of the port-holes in ancient forts, and in which they 
fancied they saw grim messengers of death staring them boldly in the face. This 
could be endured no longer; the order was quickly given and a broad-side was 
poured into the pine siding of the barn, — a thud, a groan, followed by a few thumps, 
and all was still as death. Approaches were made stealthily and cautiously until 
they reached the door, which obe3'ed the mandate of the hand and readily swunn- 
on its hinges. To the surprise of our noble commander and his comrades in arms, 
they found they had captured a very fine hoi-se, as the warm blood flowin"- from 
many bullet-holes attested. They had come for blood as a sacrifice to sprinkle the 
altar of their loyalty and devotion to their country, and who at this late day will 
deny that they found it? 

Returning to headquarters it was found that the other battalion had made a 
very successful raid, especially in the line of Major Stickney's wine-cellar, and from 
some others, that gave a more exhilarating beverage, sufficient was obtained with 
which to soften and wash down the hard army biscuit, of which it may be inferred 
their knapsacks contained an ample supply. Night approaching, each drew his 
cloak around him and gave himself to pleasant dreams over the experiences and es- 
capes of the last twelve hours. 



A 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



On the following morning an order was issued from tlie Governor disbanding 
the forces, allowing each to find his way home as best he could. Thus ended the 
great Toledo war, and all strife on the disputed tract. 

Looking at this question at a later day, when all had become calm and serene, 
we can discover little occasion for either partj' to get up and shake themselves like 
young lions. It was a matter that belonged entirely to Congress. If they had 
been so imprudent as to let Ohio in her boundaries embrace territory to which she 
had no claim, it was her duty, and justice required her to correct the error. That 
it was an error on the part of the National Legislature to allow Ohio to assume the 
functions and duties of a State, merely from her enabling act, without submitting 
her constitution for inspection and approval, none will doubt. That the Territorial 
officers were hasty and inconsiderate in their action, assuming responsibilities that 
did not belong to them, few question. That the final adjustment of the whole ques- 
tion between the parties has resulted to the benefit of each, and especially to Mich- 
igan, all cheerfull}' admit. 

In this war many of the old settlers of Macomb participated. Fortunately, the 
old soldiers of the young State lost little or no blood, and all were permitted to re- 
turn to their homes in peace. 

THE PATRIOT WAR. 

It will be remembered by the pioneers of Michigan, and not only by them, but 
by all others, of that time along the frontier line between the United States and 
Canada, that during the Winter of 1837-38, occurred what was known as the 
" Patriotic War." The object of this war was understood to be a revolution that 
should separate the British possessions of Canada from the mother country that 
they might erect themselves into sovereign and independent States. 

In consequence of the financial crash and hard times then prevailing there were 
many adventurous, reckless and idle persons in the States who took part with the 
Patriots. The anxiety that grew out of our Revolutionary war and the war of 
1812, toward the British, may have slumbered, but was not forgotten, and it took 
but little to awaken that old feeling. It was revived along the whole length of the 
frontier, and was not confined to our side only ; it was fully reciprocated by our 
loyal neighbors. At that time, as it may be now, there were many half-pay English 
military officers who would have hailed a war between the United States and Eng- 
land as a God-send to them ; for in that event they would be restored to active 
service on full pay and stand their chances for promotion. The hostile feeling had 
reached such a degree of intensity that General Scott was ordered to the frontier 
with troops. The steamer Carolina, that was supposed to be in the service of the 
Patriots, was captured in the Niagara River by the British forces, and sent over the 
falls and it was supposed with part of tlie crew on board. The Patriots had at that 



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HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



time a considerable force on Navy Island. A rocket brigade was stationed at 
Windsor. Occasional musket shots were fired from Windsor into Detroit, and a 
correspondence was opened between the authorities on each side with a view to 
stop this recklessness. The late Adjutant-General John E. Schwartz conducted 
tlie correspondence on the part of Micliigan. He read it to the writer of this paper. 
About this time, I visited Detroit, stopping at the National Hotel, as the Russell 
House was then called, and before I had time to warm myself I met Col. Smith, 
then a member of the Legislature, from Monroe County, who invited me into the 
back parlor, where I met Gov. Mason, who ordered me back to Ann Arbor to 
raise a company of militia and report to Col. Smith who was then under orders 
from the Governor to march down the Detroit river and break up the encampment 
of Patriots in the neighborhood of Gibraltar, a small village near the mouth of the 
river, and drive them away. I had also an order, addressed to the late Col. Slin- 
gerland, to muster his (the 5th) regiment from which to recruit my company by 
volunteers, if possible, or by draft. The Colonel issued his orders and did his duty, 
but so strong Vk'as the sympathy in favor of the Patriots and against the English, 
that not over thirty men out of about 600 composing the regiment obeyed the 
Colonel's order. Of course I was obliged to report my inability to report the com- 
pany ordered. My recollection is that Colonel Smith made a similar report and the 
encampment remained undisturbed. Gen. Ed. Clark states, that " the 
leaders of the Patriots had organized a secret society known as Hunters, with 
lodges in every village along the frontier. They had their secret signs, grips 
and pass-words, and were sworn to secrecy. A large proportion of the able-bodied 
men were Hunters, that is, members of hunters' lodges. I mention these facts to 
show the state of public feeling with regard to the Patriot war and the reason that 
Gov. Mason could not furnish the necessary force to march on the Patriot encamp- 
ment and disperse the force there encamped. Before the close of navigation an 
expedition was organized by Brigadier General Theller, of the Patriot service, for 
the purpose of capturing Fort Maiden. He embarked in the sloop Ann, and when 
she arrived off the fort was fired into and her rigging so cut up that she became 
unmanageable and drifted ashore. The General and Colonel Dodge and the crew 
were taken prisoners. That Winter a landing of a Patriot force was made on the 
Canada shore above Windsor, and a battle fought which proved disastrous to the 
invaders. Another battle was fought at Point au Pelee, where tlie Patriots were 
victors. From these facts it can be seen that the magaziue was ready and needed 
but a spark to explode it — that is, to involve the country in war. 

When these events were taking place, but before the fight at Point au Pelee, 
General Sutherland, of the Patriot army, made his appearance at Ann Arbor in full 
uniform and posted hand-bills notifying the public that he would address them at 



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HISTORY OP MICHIGAN. 



the court-house on the subject of the Patriot war. Tlie court-room was filled and 
the General was listened to with respect and attention. Before the meeting dis- 
persed a committee was appointed to wait on ilie General at his quarters, to confer 
with him. Tlie writer was one of that committee. The committee called on the 
General that evening at his room, and spent an hour or two with him. From Ann 
Arbor he went to Manchester to address the good people of that village. His ob- 
ject was to get men and means to carry on the war. A short time afterward I 
received a package of papers from the General. Among them were enlistment 
rolls and along letter. He wished me to join the Patriot army and raise a battalion 
of men for the Patriot service, but ostensibly as volunteer militia, hold elections 
for commissioned officers as directed by tlie militia laws of Michigan, and apply to 
Gov. Mason for commissions. He said that as I was a personal and political friend 
of the Governor there would be no difficulty in getting the commissions. This 
accomplished, I was to put myself and battalion under the orders of the General, 
and as soon as the Detroit River was frozen over so as to make a passage safe, he would 
give me an order for arms, ammunitions, blankets, etc., and he would direct when 
and where the invasion should take place. I confess to a complete surprise — more, 
I was astonished. We were almost entire strangers to each other ; we had never 
met except at Ann Arbor, and then only for an hour or two, and knew nothing of 
each other's antecedents. During the visit of the committee at the General's room 
I endeavored to draw him into a conversation upon military subjects, tactics, his- 
tory, etc., but he evaded it, and I formed a small opinion of his military capacity 
or knowledge. And when he divulged to me, an almost entire stranger, his plan of 
operations, I lost confidence in him as a military leader. I remembered of reading 
an anecdote of Washington who was asked by an intimate friend and true Whig 
what his plan of campaign was. Washington asked, "Can you keep a secret? " 
" Yes, General." " So can I," was the response. Wiien the legislative committee 
visited General Jackson and demanded of him his plan for the defense of New 
Orleans, he raised a lock of hair from his head and said, " Gentleman, if I supposed 
this lock of hair knew what was passing in my brain on that subject, I would cut 
it off and burn it." 

I have described the feeling along the dividing line between the States and 
Canada. I remember that Sutherland said tliat one of his principal objects was to 
involve the two countries in war with each other. Doing this he would attain 
the height of his ambition. I believe there would have been but little difficulty in 
raising the number of men to fill the four companies required, and it seemed plain to 
me, that after receiving our commissions, and before the ink of the Governor's signa- 
ture was fairly dry on them, Sutherland would have ordered a forward movement at 
a place where we would have been met by an overwhelming force and been compelled 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



to surrender. I could come to no other conclusion than that Sutherland was false 
to tlie cause he pretended to espouse. If we had been taken prisoners, of course 
we would have claimed the treatment of prisoners of war. This may have been ac- 
corded to us in consideration of our commissions and we not have been hanged as 
Cunningham, Linn, Lount and others were. If the invasion had taken ^ilace, that 
might have been regarded by our Canadian neighbors as a commencement of hos- 
tilities on the part of the United States, and as a sufficient justification for the 
Rocket Brigade to open on Detroit and burn it. At that time there were no troops 
tliere except the Brady Guards, an excellent company of volunteer militia of less 
than 100 men. What the consequences would have been if Sutherland's order had 
been obeyed others may infer. I remembered that Sutherland told me that he had 
called meetings and made speeches through Oakland County as he had in Washte- 
naw. My duty seemed plain and simple, and I lost no time in going to Detroit 
with this package of papers. I found the Governor in his office in the old capitol, 
and as soon as we were left alone I told him my errand and laid the papers before 
him. He read them attentively and arose from his chair and walked the office for 
some minutes without uttering a word. It was plain to be seen that a storm was 
brewing. At length it burst out in language more forcible than polite, too forcible 
for me to repeat in this paper. My impression was that if Sutherland had been present 
he would have felt the weight of the Governor's arm. A more angry man I have sel- 
dom seen. After the engagement at Point au Pelee occurred, Sutherland, under the 
pretense of joining the victorious patriots at the Point, attempted to pass Fort Maiden 
with a horse and cutter on the ice and was captured by some of the garrison of the fort 
which he probably intended to be, and with Theller and Col. Dodge was held as a 
prisoner until the Spring opened, when the three were taken to Quebec and con- 
fined in a cell in one of the fortresses there. Theller and Dodge made their escape 
from the prison, and, after returning, Theller told me that on their journey down, 
which was by private conveyance (there were no railroads then), he and Dodge 
were confined in jails nights, but Sutherland was entertained at hotels. On reaching 
their prison, the three were shut up in the same cell for awhile, but so strong were 
their impressions that Sutherland was in British pay and a traitor to the Patriot 
cause that they laid plans to get rid of him. They believed him a spy on them ; 
they found him a coward and so worked upon his fears until he was removed. Af- 
ter Tlieller and Dodge had the cell to themselves, they applied themselves to work 
and effected their escape and returned to Michigan. The Canadian struggle for 
national independence was unsuccessful. 

Another expedition was planned at Detroit for the capture of Fort Maiden, 
and was to sail from that city under the command of a general from Cleveland. It 
had been ascertained that the garrison was lodged in the Queen's warehouse at the 



78 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



foot of the wharf, and the officers quartered at hotels in tlie village of Amherst- 
burg, and that at niglit there was but a small force on guard at the fort. Three 
steamboats were to be employed, and when they arrived off the fort one boat was 
to lay across the head of the wharf, and the other two, one on each side ; one party 
should march directly to the fort and take it ; the second should capture the gar- 
rison in the warehouse ; and the third should capture the officers. This was to be 
done in the niglit. And however feasible the plan was, it was hinted that the 
General lacked tlie nerve to undertake it. It was like the cause, a failure. After 
the escape of Tiieller and Dodge, Sutherland was set at liberty, without trial and 
without punishment. 

THE MEXICAN WAR. 

There are few records extant of tlie action of Michigan troops in the Mexican 
war. That many went there and fought well, are points conceded ; but their 
names and country of nativity are hidden away in United States archives where it 
is almost impossible to find them. 

The soldiers of this State deserve much of the credit of the memorable achieve- 
ments of Co. K, Third Dragoons, and Co.'s A, E and G of the U. S. Infantry. The 
former two of these companies, recruited in this State, were reduced to one-third 
their original number. 

In May, 1846, our Governor was notified by the War Department of the 
United States to enroll a regiment of volunteers, to be held in readiness for service 
whenever demanded. At this summons, thirteen independent volunteer comjianies, 
eleven of infantry and two of cavalry, at once fell into line. Of the infantry, four 
companies were from Detroit, bearing the honored names of Montgomery, Lafay- 
ette, Scott, and Brady upon their banners. Of the remainder Monroe tendered 
two, Lenawee County three, St. Clair, Berrien and Hillsdale each one, and Wayne 
County an additional company. Of these alone the veteran Bradys were accepted 
and ordered into service. 

In addition to these, ten companies, making the First Regiment of Michigan 
Volunteers, springing from various parts of the State, but embodying to a great 
degree the material of which the first volunteers was formed, were not called for 
until October following. This regiment was soon in readiness and proceeded to the 
seat of war. 

THE WAR OF 1861-65. 

As soon as the President called for troops to suppress the Rebellion in April, 
1861, the loyal people of the Peninsular State promptly responded and furnished 
the quota assigned. Austin Blair, a man peculiarl}' fitted for the place during the 
emergency, was Governor, and Jolin Robertson, Adjutant-General. The people of 
Michigan have ever since been proud of the record of these two men during the 



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HISTORY OF MICIITGAN. 



war, but this does not exclude the honor due all the humble soklierywho obediently 
exposed their lives in defense of the common country. Michigan has her full share 
of the buried dead in obscure and forgotten places all over the South as well as in 
decent cemeteries throughout the North. It was Michigan men that captured Jeff 
Davis, namely : the 4th Cavalry, under Col. B. F. Pritchard ; and it was Michigan 
men that materially aided in the successful capture of Wilkes Booth, the assassin 
of the martyred Lincoln. 

The census of this State for 1860 showed a population of 751,110. The num- 
ber of able-bodied men capable of military service was estimated in official documents 
of that date at 110,000. At the same time the financial embarrassment of the State 
was somewhat serious, and the annual tax of •'1226, "250 was deemed a grievous burden. 
But such was the patriotism of the people that by December 2:5, 1862, an aggregate 
of 45,569 had gone to battle, besides 1,400 who had gone into other States and re- 
cruited. By the end of the war Michigan had sent to the front 90,747, or more 
than four-fifths the estimated number of able-bodied men at the beginning ! The 
military history of the county deals very fully with this subject. 



CHAPTER VI. 

POLITICAL HISTORY. 

Previous to the formation of the Northwestern Territory, the country within 
its bounds was claimed by several of the Eastern States, on the ground that it was 
within the limits indicated by their charters from the English Crown. In answer 
to the wishes of the Government and people, these States in a patriotic spirit sur- 
rendered their claims to this extensive territory, that it might constitute a common 
fund to aid in the payment of the national debt. To prepare the way for this ces- 
sion, a law had been passed in October, 1780, that the territory so to be ceded 
should be disposed of for the common benefit of the whole Union ; that the States 
erected therein should be of suitable extent, not less than 100 nor more than 150 
miles square ; and that any expenses that might be incurred in recovering the posts 
then in the hands of the British should be reimbursed. New York released her 
claims to Congress, March 1, 1781 ; Virginia, March 1, 1784 ; Massachusetts, April 
19, 1785, and Connecticut, September 4, 1786. 

Under the French and British dominion, the points occupied on the eastern 
boundary of what is now the State of Michigan were considered a part of New 
France, or Canada. Detroit was known to the French as Fort Pontchartrain. 



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HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



The military commandant, under both governments, exercised a civil jurisdiction 
over tlie settlements surrounding their posts. In 1796, wiien the British garrisons 
at Detroit and Mackinaw were replaced b}' detachments by General Wayne, Mich- 
igan became a part of the Northwestern Territory and was organized as the county 
of Wayne, entitled to one Representative in the General Assembly, held at Chilli- 
cothe. In 1800, Indiana was made a separate Territor}% embracing all tlie country 
west of the present State of Ohio, and of an extension of the western line of that 
State due north to the territorial limits of the United States. In 1802, the penin- 
sula was annexed to the Territory of Indiana, and in 1805 Michigan began a sepa- 
rate existence. That part of the Territory that lies east of a north and south line 
through the middle of Lake Michigan was formed into a distinct government, and 
the provisions of the ordinance of 1787 continued to regulate it. Under this Con- 
stitution the executive power was vested in a governor, the judicial in three judges, 
and the legislative in both united ; the officers were appointed by the General Gov- 
ernment, and their legislative authority was restricted to the adoption of laws 
from the codes of the several States. This form of government was to continue 
until the Territory should contain 5,000 free white males of full age. It then became 
optional with the people to choose a legislative body, to be supported by them ; 
but subsequent legislation by Congress more liberall}' provided a legislature at 
the expense of the general Government and also added to privileges in the 
elective franchise and eligibility to office ; as, for example, under the ordinance a 
freehold qualification was required, both on the part of the elector and of the 
elected. 

The first officers of the territory of Michigan were : Wm. Hull, governor ; 
Augustus B. Woodward, chief judge ; Frederick Bates, Sr., assistant judge and 
treasurer; .lohn Griffin, assistant judge ; Col. James May, marshal ; Abijah Hull, 
surveyor; Peter Audrain, clerk of the legislative board. May .5, 1807, Joseph 
Watson was appointed Legislative Secretary ; in November, 1806, Elijah Brush was 
appointed Treasurer, to succeed Mr. Bates, and the books of the office were deliv- 
ered over on the 26th of that month ; and William McDowell Scott was appointed 
Marshal in November, 1806, to succeed Col. May. The latter never held the office 
of Judge of the Territory, but about 1800-'3 he was Chief Justice of the Court of 
Common Pleas. Augustus Breevort Woodward was a native of Virginia; was .ap- 
pointed a Judge of the Territory in 1805, his term of office expired February 1, 
1824. He was soon afterward appointed Judge of the Territory of Florida, and 
three years after that he died. The grand scheme of "Catholepistemiad," or State 
University of Michigan, with its numerous names described under sesquipedalian 
names from the Greek, owed its origin to Judge Woodward. 

John Griffin was appointed Assistant Judge in 1807, his term of office expir- 



tiL 



HISTORY OP MICHIGAN. 



ing February 1, 1824, when he was re-appointed for four years, and February 1, 
1828, he was appointed Territorial Secretary. 

When, in 1818, Illinois was admitted into the Union, all the territory lying 
north of that State and of Indiana was annexed to Michigan. In 1819 the terri- 
tory was authorized to elect a delegate to Congress, according to the present usage 
with reference to territories; previous to this time according to the ordinance of 1787, 
a territory was not entitled to a delegate until it entered upon the " second grade 
of Government," and the delegate was then to be chosen by the General Assembly. 

In 1823 Congress abolished the legislative power of the Governor and Judges, 
and granted more enlarged ones to a council, to be composed of nine persons 
selected by the President of the United States from eighteen chosen by the electors 
of the territory; and by this law, also, eligibility to ofiSce was made co-existent 
with the right of suffrage as established by the act of 1819 ; also the judicial term 
of office was limited to four years. In 1825 all county officers, except those of a 
judicial nature, were made elective, and the appointments which remained in the 
liands of the executive were made subject to the approval of the legislative council. 
In 1827 the electors were authorized to choose a number of persons for the legisla- 
tive council, which was empowered to enact all laws not inconsistent with the 
ordinance of 1787. Their acts, however, were subject to abolishment by Congress, 
and to veto by the territorial executives. When Gen. Wm. Hull arrived at Detroit 
to assume his official duties as Governor, he found the town in ruins, it having 
been destroyed by fire. Whether it had been burned by design or accident was 
not known. The inhabitants were without food and shelter, camping in the open 
fields; still they were not discouraged, and soon commenced rebuilding their 
houses on the same site. Congress also kindly granted the sufiferers the site of the 
old town of Detroit and 10,000 acres of land adjoining. A territorial militia was 
organized, and a code of laws was adopted similar to those of the original State. 
This code was signed by Gov. Hull, Augustus B. Woodward and Frederick Bates, 
Judges of the Territory, and was called the " Woodward code." 

At this time the bounds of the Territory embraced all the country on the 
American side of the Detroit River, east of the north and south line through the 
center of Lake Michigan. The Indian land claims had been partially extinguished 
previous to this period. By the treaty of Fort Mcintosh, in 1785, and that of Fort 
Harmar, in 1787, extensive cessions had been either made or confirmed, and, in 
1807, the Indian titles to several tracts became entirely extinct. Settlements 
having been made under the French and English Governments, with irregularity 
or absence of definite surveys and records, some confusion sprang up in regard to 
the titles of valuable tracts. Accordingly, Congress established a Board of Com- 
missioners to examine and settle these conflicting claims, and, in 1807, another act 

6 



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HISTORY OP MICHIGAN. 



was passed, confirming, to a certain extent, tlie titles of all such as had been in 
possession of the lands then occupied by them from the year 1796. the year of the 
final evacuations by the British garrisons. Other acts were subsequently passed, 
extending the same conditions to settlements on the upper lakes. 

As chief among the fathers of this State we may mention Gov. Lewis 
Cass, Gabriel Richard, Stevens T. Mason, Augustus B. Woodward, John 
Hornell, William Woodbridge, John Biddle, William A. Fletcher, Elon Farns- 
worth, Solomon Sibley, Benjamin B. Kircheval, John R. Williams, George 
Morrell, Daniel Goodwin, Augustus S. Porter, Benjamin F. H. Witherell, 
Jonathan Sheaver and Charles C. Trowbridge, all of Wayne County ; Edmund 
Munday, James Kingsley and Alpheus Felch, of Washentaw ; Ross Wilkins 
and John J. Adam, of Lenawee ; Warner Wing, Charles Noble and Austin E. 
Wing, of Monroe County ; Randolph Manning, O. D. Richardson and James B. 
Hunt, of Oakland ; Henry R. Schoolcraft, of Chippewa ; Albert Miller, of the 
Saginaw Valley ; John Stockton, Robert P. Eldridge and Christian Clemens, of 
Macomb ; Lucius Lyon, Charles E. Stuart, Edwin H. Lathrop, Epaphroditus 
Ransom and Hezekiah G. Wells, of Kalamazoo ; Isaac E. Crary, John D. Pierce 
and Oliver C. Comstock, of Calhoun ; Kinsley S. Bingham, of Livingston ; John 
S. Barry, of St. Joseph ; Charles W. Wliipple, Calvain Britain and Thomas Fitz- 
gerald, of Berrien, Bunce, of St. Clair, and George Redfield, of Cass. These men 
and tlieir compeers shaped the policy of the State, and decided wliat should be 
its future. They originated all and established most of the great institutions which 
are the evidences of our advanced civilization, and of which we are so justly proud. 

ADMINISTRATION OF GEN. CASS. 

At the close of the war with Great Britain in 1814, an era of prosperity 
dawned upon the infant territory. Gen. Lewis Cass, who had served the Govern- 
ment with great distinction during the war, was appointed Governor. The condi- 
tion of the people was very much reduced, the country was wild, and the British 
flag still waved over the fort at Mackinaw. There was nothing inviting to immi- 
grants except the mere facts of the close of the war and the existence of a fertile 
soil and a good climate. The Indians were still dangerous, and the country was still 
comparatively remote from the centers of civilization and government. Such a set of 
circumstances was just the proper environment for the development of all those 
elements of the " sturdy pioneer," wliich we so often admire when writing up 
Western history. Here was the field for stout and brave men ; here was the place 
for the birth and education of real Spartan men, — men of strength, moral courage 
and indomitable perseverance. 

At first, Gen. Cass had also the care of a small portion of Canada opposite 



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HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



Detroit, and he had only twenty-seven soldiers for defending Detroit against the 
hostile Indians and carrying on the whole government. Believing that a civil 
governor should not be encumbered also with military duty, he resigned his 
brigadier-generalship in the army. But as Governor he soon had occasion to exer- 
cise liis military power, even to act on the field as commander, in chasing away 
marauding bands of Indians. The latter seemed to be particularly threatening at 
this time, endeavoring to make up in yelling and petty depredations what tliey 
lacked in sweeping victory over all the pale-faces. 

In times of peace Gov. Cass had high notions of civilizing the Indians, encour- 
aging the purchase of their lands, limiting their hunting grounds to a narrow com- 
pass, teacliing them agriculture and meclianics, and providing the means for tlieir 
instruction and religious training. The policy of the French and English liad been 
to pacify them with presents and gewgaws, merely to obtain a temporary foothold 
for the purpose of carrying on the fur trade. Those benefited by the trade lived 
thousands of miles away, and had no intei-est in the permanent development of the 
country. The United States Government, on the other hand, indorsed Gov. Cass' 
policy, which was to result in the development of the counti-y and the establish- 
ment of all the arts of peace. Govs. Cass and Harrison were accordingly empowered 
to treat with the Indians on the Miami and Wabash ; and, July 20, a treaty was 
signed with the Wyandottes, Senecas, Shawnees, Miamis and Delawares, which 
restored comparative tranquility. During the Summer, however, there was Indian 
war enough to call out all Gov. Cass' men, in aid of Gen. Brown on the 
Niagara. 

Indians can never remain long at peace, whatever may be the obligations they 
assume in treaty making. Gen. Cass often headed his forces in person, and drove 
the hostile tribes from place to place until they finally retreated to Saginaw. 

An attempt was made to recover Mackinaw from the English in July of this 
year (1814), but the British works were too strong ; however, the establishments 
at Saint Joseph and Sault Ste. Marie were destroA'ed. In the following Winter the 
final treaty of peace was ratified between England and the United States. The 
population of the Territory at this time was not over 5,000 or 6,000, scattered over 
a vast extent, and in a state of great destitution on account of the calamities 
of war. Scarcely a family, on resuming the duties of home, found more than the 
remnants of former wealth and comfort. Families had been broken up and dis- 
persed ; parents had been torn from their children, and children from each other; 
some had been slain on the battle-field, and others had been massacred by the ruth- 
less savages. Laws had become a dead letter, and morals had suffered in the 
general wreck. Agriculture had been almost abandoned and commerce paralyzed ; 
food and all necessaries of life were scarce, and luxuries unknown. Money was 



^ ^ 
^f^ 



A 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



difficult to get, and the bank paper of Oliio, which was almost the sole circulating 
medium, was twenty-five per cent, below par. 

Such was the gloomy state of domestic affairs when Gen. Cass assumed the 
office of Governor. Besides, he had the delicate task of aiding in legislation and of 
being at the same time the sole executive of the law. In 1817, he made an im- 
portant treaty with the Indians, by which their title was extinguished to nearlj- all 
the land in Ohio, and a great portion in Indiana and Michigan. This treaty at- 
tached the isolated population of Michigan to the State of Ohio, made the Terri- 
torial Government in a fuller sense an integral member of the Federal Union, and 
removed all apprehension of a hostile confederacy among the Indian tribes along 
the lake and river frontier. 

Hitherto there had not been a road in Michigan, except the military road along 
the Detroit River; but as the Indian settlements and lands could not now be inter- 
posed as a barrier. Gen. Cass called the attention of Congress to the necessity of a 
military road from Detroit to Sandusky, through a trackless morass called the Black 
Swamp. 

Congress passed an act requiring that 2,000,000 acres of land should be sur- 
veyed in the . Territory of Louisiana, the same amount in the Territory of Illinois, 
and the same amount in the Territory of Michigan, in all 6,000,000 acres, to be set 
apart for the soldiers in the war with Great Britain. Each soldier was to have 160 
acres of land fit for cultivation. The surveyors under tiiis law reported that there 
were no lands in Michigan fit for cultivation ! This unconscionable report deterred 
immigration for many years, and the Government took the wliole 6,000,000 acres 
from Illinois and Missouri. Tiie language of that report is so remarkable that we 
must quote it : " The country on the Indian boundary line, from the mouth of tlie 
Great Auglaize river and running thence for about fifty miles, is (with some few 
exceptions) low, wet land, with a very thick growth of underbrush, intermixed 
with very bad marshes, but generally very heavily timbered with beech, cotton- 
wood, oak, etc., thence continuing north and extending from the Indian boundary 
eastward, the number and extent of the swamps increase, with the addition of 
numbers of lakes, from twenty chains to two and three miles across. Many of the 
lakes have extensive marshes adjoining their margins, sometimes thickly covered 
with a species of pine called ' tamarack,' and other places covered with a coarse, 
high grass, and uniformly covered from six inches to three feet (and more at times) 
with water. The margins of these lakes are not the only places where swamps 
are found, for they are interspersed throughout the whole country and filled with 
water, as above stated, and varying in extent. The intermediate space between 
these swamps and lakes, which is probably near one-half of the country, is, with a 
very few exceptions, a poor, barren, sandy land on which scarcely any vegetation 



HISTORY OF JIIcniGAN. 



grows except very small, scrubby oaks. In many places that part which may be 
called dry land is composed of little, short sand-hills, forming a kind of deep basins, 
the bottoms of many of which are composed of a marsh similar to the above-de- 
scribed. The streams are generally narrow, and very deep compared with their 
width, the shores and bottoms of which are, witli a very few exceptions, swampy 
beyond description; and it is with the utmost difficulty that a place can be found 
over which horses can be conveyed with safety. 

" A circumstance peculiar to that country is exhibited in many of the marshes 
by their being thinly covered with a sward of grass, by walking on which evinced 
the existence of water or a very thin mud immediately under their covering, which 
sinks from six to eigiiteeii inches from tlie pressure of the foot at every step, and at 
the same time rising before and behind the person passing over. Tiie margins of 
many of the lakes and streams are in a similar situation, and in many places are 
literally afloat. On approaching the eastern part of tlie militaiy lands, toward the 
private claims on the straits and lake, the country does not contain so many swamps 
and lakes, but the extreme sterility and barrenness of the soil continues the same. 
Taking the country altogether, so far as has been explored, and to all appearances, 
together with tiie information received regarding the balance, it is so bad there 
would not be more than one acre out of a hundred, if there would be one out of a 
thousand, that would in any place admit of cultivation." 

It is probable that those Government surveyors made a lazy job of their duty, 
and depended almost entirely on the fur-traders, who were interested in keeping 
settlers out of the country. But we must make allowance, too, for the universal 
ignorance existing at that time of the methods of developing the Western country 
wiiich modern invention has brought to bear since the days of our grandfathers. 
We must remember that our Western prairies were counted worth nothing, even 
by all the early settlers. 

By the year 1818, some immigrants crowded in and further explored and tested 
the land ; and in March, this year. Gov. Cass called for the views of the inhabitants 
upon the question of changing the civil authority by entering upon the second grade 
of Territorial government. A vote was taken and a majority was found to be 
against it ; but for the purpose of facilitating immigration and settlement. Gov. 
Cass recommended to tlie Secretary of the Treasury that the lands in the district of 
Detroit be at once brought into market. The Department immediately complied, 
and the lands were offered for sale the following Autumn. Immigration was now 
increased more than ever before, and the permanent growth of the country became 
fully established. 

In 1819, the people were allowed to elect a delegate to Congress. The popu- 
lation was now 8,806 in the whole Territory, distributed as follows: Detroit, 1,450, 



spV " 



HISTORY OP MICHIGAN 



not inolud'mg the garrison ; the Island of Mackinaw, still the entrepot of the fur 
trade, a stationary population of aliout 450, sometimes increased to 2,000 or over ; 
Sault Ste. Marie, fifteen or twenty houses, occupied by French and English families. 

The year 1819 was also rendered memorable by the appearance of the first 
steamboat on the lakes, the "Walk-in-the- water," which came up Lake Erie and 
went on to Mackinaw. 

Up to this time no executive measure had been taken by the people to avail 
themselves of the school lands appropriated by the ordinance of 1787, except the 
curious act passed by the Governor and judges establishing the "Catholepistemiad,'' 
or University of Michigan, with thirteen "didaxia," or professorships. The scheme 
for the institution was a grand one, described Ijy quaint, sesquipedalian technical- 
ities carried from the Greek language, and the whole devised by that unique man, 
Judge Woodward. The act is given in full in the Territorial laws of Michigan, 
compiled and printed a few years ago. It was Judge Woodward, also, who laid 
out the plan of Detroit, in the form of a cobweb, with a "Campus Martins" and a 
grand circus, and avenues radiating in every direction, grand public parks and 
squares, etc. Centuries would be required to fulfill his vast design. Like authors 
and artists of ancient Greece and Rome, he laid the foundations of grand work for 
posterity, more than the passing generation. 

Settlements now began to form at the points where now are the cities of Ann 
Arbor, Ypsilanti, Jackson, Tecumseh and Pontiac. There were still some annoy- 
ances by the Indians. The Sacs and Foxes annually made their appearance to ob- 
tain presents from the English at Maiden, and as they passed along they would 
commit many depredations. This practice of the British Government had a ten- 
dency to prejudice the Indians against the Americans, and it thus became necessary 
to take some measures for removing tiie Indians beyond British influence, or other- 
wise putting a stop to this dangerous custom. Accordingly, in tlie Fall of 1819, 
Gov. Cass desired the government at Washington to cause a more thorough explor- 
ation to be made of the lake region, estimating the number and influence of the 
Indians, their relations, prejudices,' etc., with a view to the further extinguishment 
of Indian title to land, etc.; but the Government deemed it advisable at this time 
only to take ten miles square at Sault Ste. Marie for military purposes, and some 
islands near Mackinaw, where beds of plaster had been found to exist. However, 
the General Government soon ordered an expedition to be fitted out for such an 
exploration as Gov. Cass desired, to travel with birch canoes. The men comjjosing 
the expedition were Gen. Cass and Robert A. Forsyth, his private secretary ; Capt. 
D. B. Douglass, topographer and astronomer; Dr. Alex Walcot, physician ; James 
D. Doty, official secretary ; and Charles C. Trowbridge, assistant topographer. Lieut. 
Evans Mackey was commander of the escort, which consisted of ten U. S. soldiers. 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



Besides these there were tea Canadian voyageurs to manage the canoes, and ten 
Indians to act as hunter. The latter were under the direction of James Riley and 
Joseph Parks, who were also to act as interpreters. The party left Detroit, March 
2-t, 1820, and reached Michili.iiackinac, June 6. On leaving this place, June 14, 
twenty-two soldiers, under the command of Lieut. John S. Pierce, were added to 
the party, and the expedition now numbered sixty-four persons. They reached the 
Sault Ste. Marie the 16th, where Gen. Cass called the Indians (Chippewas) to- 
gether, in order to have a definite understanding with them considering the boun- 
dary lines of the land grants, and thereby renew also their sanction of former trea- 
ties. At first the Indians protested against the Americans having any garrison at the 
place, and some of them grew violent and almost pi-ecipitated a general fight, which 
would have been disastrous to Gen. Cass' party, as the Indians were far more numer- 
ous; but Cass exhibited a great degree of coolness and courage, and caused more 
deliberate counsels to prevail amongst the savages. Tnus the tlireatened storm 
blew over. The next day the expedition resumed its journey, on Lake Superior, 
passing the "pictured rocks," and landing at one place where there was a band of 
friendly Chippewas. June 25, they left Lake Superior, ascended Portage River and 
returned home by way of Lake Michigan, after having traveled over 4,000 miles. 

The results of the expedition were: a more thorough knowledge of a vast re- 
gion, and of the numbers and disposition of the various tribes of Indians ; several 
important Indian treaties, by which valuable lands were ceded to the United States; 
a knowledge of the operations of the Northwest Fur Company, and the selection 
of sites for a line of military posts. 

As the greater want of the people seemed to be roads. Congress was appealed 
to for assistance, and not in vain, for that body immediately provided for the open- 
ing of roads between Detroit and the Miami River, from Detroit to Chicago, and 
from Detroit to Fort Gratiot, and for the improvement of La Plaisance Bay. Gov- 
ernment surveys were carried into the Territory. Two straight lines were drawn 
through the center of the Territory, east and west, and north and south, the lat- 
ter being denominated the principal meridian, and the former the base line. The 
Territory was also divided into townships of six miles square. 

In 1821, there was still a tract of land lying south of Grand River which had 
not yet been added to the United States, and Gov. Cass deemed it necessary to 
negotiate with the Indians for it. To accomplieh this work he had to visit Chicago, 
and as a matter of curiosity we will inform the reader of his most feasible route to 
that place, which he can contrast with that of the present day. Leaving Detroit, 
he descended to the mouth of the Maumee River ; he ascended that river and crossed 
the intervening country to the Wabash ; descended that stream to the Ohio ; down 
the latter to the Mississippi, and up this and the Illinois rivers to Chicago. At this 



~e) ^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



council the American Commissioners were Gen. Cass and Judge Sibley, of Detroit. 
Tliey were successful in their undertaking, and obtained a cession of the land in 
question. On this occasion the Indians exhibited in a remarkable manner their 
appetite for whisky. As a preliminary step to the negotiations, the commissioners 
ordered that no spirits should be given to the Indians. The chief of the latter was 
a man of about a hundred years old, but still of a good constitution. The com- 
missioners urged every consideration to convince him and the other Indians of the 
propriety of the course they had adopted, but in vain. " Father," said the old 
chieftain, "we do not care for the laud, nor the money, nor the goods: what we 
want is whisky ; give us whisky." But the commissioners were inexorable, and 
the Indians were forced to content themselves. 

This year (1821) also two Indians were hanged for murder. There was some 
fear that the event would be made by the British an occasion of arousing Indian 
atrocities in the vicinity, and the petition for the pardon of the wretches was con- 
sidered by Gov. Cass with a great deal of embarrassment. He finally concluded 
to let the law take its course, and, accordingly, Dec. 25, the murderers were 
hanged. 

In 1822 six new counties wei-e created, namelj^ Lapeer, Sanilac, Saginaw, 
Shiawassee, Washtenaw and Lenawee ; and they contained much more territory 
than they do at the present day. This year the first stage line was established in 
the Territory, connecting the county seat of IVIacomb County with the steamer 
" Walk-in-the-Water" at Detroit. 

In 1823, Congress changed the form of Territorial government, abrogating the 
abrogating power of the governor and judges and establishing a system of " Legis- 
lative Council," to consist of nine members, appointed by the President of the 
United States out of eighteen candidates elected by the people. By tiie same act 
the term of judicial office was limited to four years, and eligibility to office was made 
to require the same qualifications as right to suffrage. Tiie people now took new 
interest in their government, and felt encouraged to lay deep the foundations of 
future prosperity. The first legishitive council under the new regime met at Detroit, 
June 7, 1824, when Gov. Cass delivered his message reviewing the progress of the 
Territory, calling attention to the needs of popular education, and recommending 
a policy of governmental administration. During this year he also called the atten- 
tion of the General Government to the mineral resources of the Superior region, 
and asked for governmental explorations therein. At its second session after this. 
Congress authorized a commission to treat with the Indians of the upper peninsula 
for permission to explore that country. 

In 1825, the Erie Canal was completed from the Hudson River to Buffalo, N. 
Y., and the effect was to increase materially the flow of people and wealth into the 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



youtig Territory of Micliigan. The citizens of the East began to learn the truth 
concerning tlie agricultural value of this peninsula, and those in search of good and 
permanent homes came to see for themselves, and afterwards came with their 
friends or families to remain as industrious residents, to develop a powerful State. 
The number in the Territorial Council was increased to thirteen, to be chosen by 
the President from twenty-six persons elected by the people. In 1827 an act was 
passed autliorizing the electors to choose their electors directly, without the further 
sanction of either the President or Congress. The power of enacting laws was 
given to the council, subject, however, to the approval of Congress and the veto of 
the Governor. This form of Territorial government remained in force until 
Michigan was organized as a State in 1837. William Woodbridge was Secretary 
of the Territory during the administration of Gov. Cass, and deserves great credit 
for the ability with which he perform^! the duties of his office. In the absence of 
the chief executive lie was Acting Governor, and a portion of the time he repre- 
sented the Territory as a delegate to Congress. In 1828 he was succeeded by 
James Witherell, and in two years by Gen. John T. Mason. In 1831 Gen. Cass 
was appointed Secretary of War in the Cabinet of President Jackson, after having- 
served Michigan as its cliief executive for eighteen years. He had been appointed 
six times, running through the presidency of Madison, Monroe and -lohn Q. 
Adams, without any opposing candidate or a single vote against liim in the Senate. 
He faithfully discharged liis duties as Indian Commissioner, and concluded nine- 
teen treaties with the Indians, acquiring large cessions of territory in Ohio, Indiana, 
Illinois, Wisconsin and Micliigan. He was a practical patriot, of whom the people 
of the peninsular State feel justly proud. Probably more than any other man Gen. 
Cass was the father of Michigan. 

GEN. GEORGE B. PORTER'S ADMINISTRATION. 

On the promotion of Gov. Cass to a seat in the Cabinet of President Jackson, 
and his consequent resignation as Governor of Michigan, Gen. George B. Porter 
was appointed Governor in July, 1831, and Sept. 22 following he entered upon the 
duties of the office. The population of the Territory at this time was about 
85,000, prosperity was reigning all around, and peace everywliere jirevailed, except 
that in 1832 the Black Hawk War took place in Illinois, but did not affect this 
peninsula. In this war, however. Gov. Porter co-operated with the other States in 
furnishing militia. While Gov. Porter was the chief executive, Wisconsin was de- 
tached from Michigan and erected into a separate Territory ; many new townsliips 
were organized, and wagon roads opened and improved ; land began to rise rapidly in 
value, and speculators multiplied. The council provided for the establishment and 
regulation of common schools, incorporated " The Lake Michigan Steamboat Com- 



90 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



paiiy," with a capital of $40,000, and incorporated the first railroad company in 
^Michigan, the "Detroit & Saint Joseph Railroad Company," since called the 
" Michigan Central." The original corporators were John Biddle, John R. Wil- 
liams, Charles Larned, John Gilbert, Abel Millington, Job Gorton, John Allen, 
Anson Brown, Samuel W. Dexter, W. E. Perrine, William A. Thompson, Isaac 
Crary, O. W. Golden, Caleb Eldred, Cyrus Lovell, Calvin Brittain and Talman 
Wheeler. The Act of Incorporation required that the road should be completed 
within thirty years ; tliis condition was complied with in less than one-third of that 
time. The same council also incorporated the " Bank of the River Uaisin," with a 
branch at Pontiac. Previous to this two otlier banks had been chartered, namely — 
tlie " Bank of Michigan," in 1817, with a branch at Bronson, and the " Farmers and 
Mechanics' Bank of Michigan," with a branch at Saint Joseph. 

The Legislative Council of 1834: also auuiorized a vote of the residents to be 
taken on the question of organizing as a State and becoming a member of the 
Union ; but the vote was so light and the majority so small that Congress neglected 
to consider the matter seriously until two years afterward. 

During Porter's administration a changj was made in the method of disposing 
tlie public lands, greatly to the benefit of the actual settlers. Prior to 1820 the 
Government price of land was $2 an acre, one-fourth to be paid down, and the 
remainder in three annual installments ; and the land was subject to forfeiture if 
these payments were not promptly made. This system having been found produc- 
tive of many serious evils, the price of land was put $1.25 an acre, all to be paid 
at the time of purchase. This change saved a deal of trouble. During the admin- 
istration of Gov. Porter occurred the "Black Hawk" war, mainly in Illiuois, in 
1832, whicli did not affect Michigan to any appreciable extent, except to raise 
sundry fears by the usual alarms accompanying war gossip. A few volunteers 
probably went to the scene of action from this Territory, but if any systematic 
account was ever kept of this service, we fail to find it. 

In October, 1831, Edwin Jerome left Detroit with a surveying party composed 
of John Mullet, surveyor, and Utter, Brink and Peck, for that portion of Michigan 
Territory lying west of Lake Michigan, now Wisconsin. Their outfit consisted of a 
French pony team and a buffalo wagon to carry tent, camp equipage, blankets, etc. 
Most of the way to the southeast corner of Lake Michigan they followed a wagon 
track or Indian trail, and a cabin or an Indian hut to lodge in at night ; but west 
of the point mentioned they found neither road nor inhabitant. Tliey arrived at 
Chicago in a terrible rain, and " put up " at the fort. Tliis far-famed city at that 
time had but five or six houses, and they were built of logs. Within a distance of 
three or four miles of the fort the land was valued by its owners at 50 cents an acre. 

After twenty-three days' weary travel through an uninhabited country, fording 






Ll^ 



HISTORY OP JIICHIGAN. 



and swimming streams and exposed to much rainy weather, they arrived at Galena, 
where they commenced their survey, but in two days the ground froze so deep that 
further work was abandoned until the next Spring. The day after the memorable 
Stillman battle with Black Hawk, while the Mullet party were crossing the Blue 
INIounds, they met an Indian half-chief, who had just arrived from the Menominee 
camps with the details of the battle. He stated the slain to be three Indians and 
eleven whites. The long shaking of hands and the extreme cordiality of this 
Indian alarmed Mullet for the safety of his party, but he locked the secret in his 
own heart until the next day. They had just completed a town corner when Mullet, 
raising himself to his full height, said, " Boys, I'm going in ; I'll not risk my scalp 
for a few paltry shillings." Tliis laconic speech was an electric shock to the wliole 
company. Mr. Jerome, in describing his own sensations, said that the hair of his 
head became then as poicupine quills, raising his hat in the air and himself from tlie 
ground, and the top of his head became as sore as a boil. 

July 6, 1834, Gov. Porter died, and the administration devolved upon the 
Secretary of the Territory, Stevens T. Mason, during whose time occurred the 
" Toledo war." 

ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. HORNER. 

It appears that Mr. Shaler did not accept the governorship of Michigan, and 
John S. Horner, of Virginia, was soon afterward appointed Secretary and Acting 
Governor. He proved to be rather unpopular with the people of Micliigan, and the 
following May he was appointed Secretary of Wisconsin Territory. He carried on 
a lengthy correspondence with Gov. Lucas, which resulted in a discontinuance of 
all the suits that had grown out of the Toledo war, except the demand for Stickney. 
Gov. Lucas persisted in refusing to deliver him up ; but it seems that, finally, no 
trouble came of the affair. 

The first Monday in October, 1835, the people of Michigan ratified the Con- 
stitution, and by the same vote elected a full set of State ofBcers. Stevens T. 
Mason was elected Governor, Edward Mundy Lieutenant Governor, and 
Isaac E. Crary Representative in Congress. The first legislature under the 
Constitution was held at Detroit, the capital, on the first Monday in 
November, and John Norvell and Lucius Lyon were elected United States 
Senators. A regular election was also held under the Territorial law for dele- 
gate to Congress, and George VV. Jones, of Wisconsin, received the certificate 
of election, although it is said that William Woodbridge received the highest num- 
ber of votes. John S. Horner, the Territorial Governor, was still in office here ; 
and this singular mixture of Territorial and State government continued until the 
following June, when Congress formally received Michigan into the Union as a 
State, and Horner was sent to Wisconsin, as before noted. This Act of Congress 



liL 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



conditioned that the celebrated strip of territory over which the quarrel had been 
so violent and protracted, should be given to Ohio, and that Michigan might have 
as compensation the upper peninsula. That section of country was then known 
only as a barren waste, containing some copper, no one knew how much. Of course 
this decision of Congress was unsatisfactory to the people of this State. This was 
the third excision of territory from Michigan, other clippings having been made in 
1802 and 1816. In the former year more than a thousand square miles were given to 
Ohio, and in the latter year nearly 1,200 square miles were given to Indiana. 
Accordingly, Gov. Mason convened the Legislature July 11, 1836, to act on the 
jiroposition of Congress. The vote stood twenty-one for acceptance and twenty- 
eight for rejection. Three delegates were appointed to repair to Washington, to 
co-operate with the representatives there for the general interest of the State ; but 
before Congress was brought to action on the matter, other conventions were held 
in the State to hasten a decision. 

Stevens T. Mason was the first Governor of this State, having been elected 
(Governor of the State prospectively) in 1835, as before noted, and he lield the 
office until January, 1840. This State, at the time of its admission into the Union, 
had a population of about 200,000 ; its area was about 40,000 square miles, which 
was divided into thirty-six counties. 

Nearly the first act passed by the Legislature was one for the organization and 
support of common schools. Congress had already set apart one section of land in 
every townsliip for tiiis purpose, and the new State properly appreciated the boon. 
In March of the same year (1837) another act was passed establishing the Uni- 
versity of Michigan, of which institution we speak more fully on subsequent pages. 
This Legislature also appropriated $20,000 for a geological survey, and appointed 
Dr. Douglass Houghton State Geologist. For the encouragement of internal im- 
provements, a board of seven commissioners was appointed, of which the Governor 
was made president. This board authorized several surveys for railroads. Three 
routes were surveyed through the State, which eventually became, respectively, the 
Michigan Central, the Michigan Southern, and the Detroit tS: Milwaukee. The 
latter road, however, was originally intended to have Port Huron for its eastern 
terminus. The next year appropriations were made for the survey of the Saint 
Joseph, Kalamazoo and Grand Rivers, for the purpose of improving the navi- 
gation. 

In 1839 the militia of the State was organized, and eight divisions, with two 
brigades of two regiments each, were provided for. This year, also, the State 
prison at Jackson was completed. Nearly 30,000 pupils attended the common 
schools this year, and for school purposes over $18,000 was appropriated. Agricul- 
turally, the State yielded that year 21,944 bushels of rye, 1,116,910 of oats, 6,422 



la. 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



of buckwheat, 43,826 pounds of flax, 524 of hemp, 89,010 head of cattle, 14,059 
head of horses, 22,684 head of sheep, and 109,096 of swine. 

Gov. William Woodbridge was the chief executive from January, 1840, to 
February, 1841, when he resigned to accept a seat in the United States Senate. J. 
AV^right Gordon was Lieutenant Governor, and became Acting Governor on the 
resignation of Gov. Woodbridge. 

During the administration of these men, the railroad from Detroit to Ann 
Arbor, a distance of forty miles, was completed ; branches of the university were 
established at Detroit, Pontiac, Monroe, Niles, Kalamazoo, Grand Rapids, Jackson, 
White Pigeon and Tecumseh. The material growth of the State continued to 
increase, proportionally more rapidly than even the population, which now 
amounted to about 212,000. 

John S. Barry succeeded Gov. Gordon in the executive chair, serving from 
1841 to 1845. 

In 1842 the university was opened for the reception of students, and the num- 
ber of pupils attending the common schools was officially reported to be nearly 
58,000. 

In 1843 a land oiBce was established at Marshall for the whole State. 

In 1844, the taxable property of the State was found to be in value $28,554,282, 
the tax being at the rate of two mills on the dollar. The expenses of the State 
were only $70,000, while the income from the two railroads was nearly $300,000. 

In 1845, the number of inhabitants in the State had increased to more than 
300,000. 

Alpheus Felch served as Governor from 1845 to 1847. Daring his time the 
two railroads belonging to the State were sold to private corporations, — the Central 
for $2,000,000, and the Southern for $500,000. The exports of the State amounted 
in 1846 to $4,647,608. The total capacity of vessels enrolled in the collection 
district at Detroit was 26,928 tons, the whole giving employment to 18,000 seamen. 
In 1847 there were thirty-nine counties in the State, containing 435 townships; 
and 275 of these townships were supplied with good libraries, containing, in the 
aggregate, 37,000 volumes. In the Spring of 1846, on the account of Northern and 
Eastern immigration into Texas, with, tastes and habits different from the native 
Mexicans, a war was precipitated between the United States and Mexico ; and for 
the prosecution of this war Michigan furnished a regiment of volunteers, com- 
manded by Thomas W. Stockton, and one independent company, incurring a total 
expense of about $10,500. March 3, 1847, Gov. Felch resigned to accept a seat in 
the United States Senate, when the duties of his office devolved upon William S. 
Greenly, under whose administration the Mexican war was closed. 

Epaphroditus Ransom was Governor from 1847 to November, 1849. During 



LliL 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



his administration the Asylum for tlie Insane was established at Kalamazoo, and 
also the Institute for the Blind, and the Deaf and Dumb at Flint. Both these 
institutions were liberally endowed with lands, and each entrusted to a board of 
five trustees. March 31, 1848, the first telegraph line was completed from New 
York to Detroit. 

John S. Barry, elected Governor of Michigan for the third time, succeeded 
Gov. Ransom, and his term expired in November, 1851. Wiiile he was serving this 
term a normal school was established at Ypsilanti, which was endowed with lands, 
placed in charge of a board of education, consisting of six persons ; a new State 
constitution was adopted, and the great "railroad-conspiracy" case was tried. 
This originated in a number of lawless depredations upon the property of the 
Michigan Central Railroad ComjDany, terminating with the burning of the depot at 
Detroit in 1850. The next year thirty-seven men were brought to trial, and twelve 
of tiiem were convicted. The prosecution was conducted by Alexander D. Eraser, 
of Detroit, and the conspirators were defended by William H. Seward, of New 
York. Judge Warner Wing presided. 

Robert McClelland followed Barry as Governor, serving until March, 1853, 
when he resigned to accept the position of Secretary of the Interior, in the Cabinet 
of Pres. Pierce. Lieut. -Gov. Andrew Parsons, consequently, became Acting Gov- 
ernor, his term expiring in November, 1854. 

In the Spring of 1854, during the administration of Acting Gov. Parsons, the 
" Republican party," at least as a State organization, was first formed in the United 
States " under the oaks " at Jackson, by an ti -slavery men of both the old parties. 
Great excitement prevailed at this time, occasioned by the settling of Kansas and 
the issue thereby brought up whether slavery should exist there. For the purpose 
of permitting slavery there, the "Missouri compromise" (which limited slavery 
to the south of 36 degrees 30 minutes) was repealed, under the lead of Stephen A. 
Douglas. This was repealed by a bill admitting Kansas and Nebraska into the 
Union as Territories, and those who were o^jposed to this repeal measure were, in 
short, called " anti-Nebraska," were temporarily employed to designate tiie slavery 
and anti-slavery jjarties, pending the dissolution of the old Democratic and Whig 
parties and tiie organization of the new Democratic and Republican parties. At 
the next State election Kinsley S. Bingham was elected by the Republicans Gov- 
ernor of Michigan, and this State has ever since then been under Republican con- 
trol, the State ofScers of that party being elected by majorities ranging from 5,000 
to 55,000. And the people of this State generally, and the Republicans in par- 
ticular, claim that this commonwealth has been as v/ell taken care of since 1855 as 
any State in the Union, if not better, while preceding 1855 the Democrats adminis- 
tered the government as well as any other State, if not better. As a single though 



-^ bJV 



-t e ^ 



HISTORY OP MICHIGAN. 



signal proof of the high standard of Michigan among her sister States, we may 
mention that while the taxes in the New England States, New York, New Jersey 
and Pennsylvania average $10.09 per capita, while in Massachusetts tlie average is 
117.10 per inhabitant, and while in the West the average is $6.50, in Michigan it 
is only $1.57. At the same time it is generally believed, even by the citizens of 
sister States, that Michigan is the best-governed commonwealth in the Union. 

Kinsley S. Bingham was Governor from 1854 to 1858. The most notable event 
during his administration was the completion of the ship canal at the falls of Saint 
Mary, May 26, 1855. An Act of Congress was approved, granting to the State of 
Michigan 750,000 acres of land for the purpose of constructing this canal. The 
"sault," or rapids, of the Saint Mary have a fall of seventeen feet in one mile. 
The canal is one mile long, 100 feet wide and about twelve feet deep. It has two 
locks of solid masonry. The work was commenced in 1853, and finished in May, 
1855, at a cost of $999,802. This is one of the most important internal improve- 
ments ever made in the State. 

Moses Wisner was tlie next Governor of Michigan, serving from 1858 to 
November, 1860, at wiiich time Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the 
United States. National themes began to grow exciting, and Michigan affairs were 
almost lost in the warring elements of strife that convulsed the nation from center 
to circumference with a life-and-deatii struggle. 

Austin Blair was the thirteenth Governor of Michigan, serving during the 
perilous times of the rebellion from 1861 to 1S65, and by his patriotic and faithful 
execution of law and prompt aid of the General Government, earning the well- 
deserved title of " the War Governor." The particulars of the history of this 
State in connection witli that war we will reserve for the next section. 

Henry H. Crapo succeeded Gov. Blair, serving one term. He was elected 
during the dark hours just before the close of the war, when he found the political 
sky overcast with the most ominous clouds of death and debt. The bonded debt 
of the State was $3,541,149.80, with a balance in the treasury of $440,047.29. In 
the single year just closed the State had expended $823,216.75, and by the close of 
the first year of his term this indebtedness had increased more than $400,000 more. 
But the wise administration of this Governor began materially to reduce the debt, 
and at the same time fill the treasury. The great war closed during the April after his 
election, and he faithfully carried out the line of policy inaugurated by his prede- 
cessor. The other prominent events during his term of office are systematically 
interwoven with the histoiy of the various institutions of the State, and they will 
be found under heads in their respective places. 

Henry P. Baldwin was Governor two terms, namely, from January, 1868, to 
the close of 1872. The period of his administration was a prosperous one for the 



^ 



^ 



i. 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



State. In 1869 the taxable valuation of real and personal property in the State 
amounted to #400,000,000, and in 1871 it exceeded |G30,000,000. 

During Gov. Baldwin's time a step was taken to alter the State constitution so 
as to enable counties, townships, cities and incorporated villages, in their corporate 
capacity, to aid in tlie construction of railroads. Bonds had been issued all over 
the State by these municipalities in aid of railroads, under laws which had been 
enacted by the Legislature at five different sessions ; but a case coming before the 
Supreme Court involving the constitutionality of these laws, the Bench decided 
that the laws were unconstitutional, and thus the railroads were left to the mercy 
of the " soulless " corporations. Gov. Baldwin, in this emergency, called an extra 
session of the Legislature, which submitted the desired constitutional amendment 
to the people ; but it was by them defeated in November, 1870. 

The ninth census having been officially published, it became the duties of the 
State, in 1872, to make a re-apportionment of districts for the purpose of repre- 
sentation in Congress. Since 1863 Michigan has had six representatives, but the 
census of 1870 entitled it to nine. 

During the last two years of Gov. Baldwin's administration the preliminary 
measures for building a new State capitol engrossed much of his attention. His 
wise counsels concerning this much-needed new building were generally adopted 
by the Legislature, which was convened in extra session in March, 1872. 

Ample provisions having been made for the payment of the funded debt of the 
State by setting apart some of the trust-fund receipts, and such portion of the 
specific taxes as were not required for the payment of interest on the public debt, 
the one-eighth mill tax for the sinking fund was abolished in 1870. 

Tlie Fall of 1871 is noted for the many destructive conflagrations in tlie North- 
west, including the great Chicago fire. Several villages in this State were either 
wholly or partially consumed, and much property was burned up nearly all over the 
country. This was due to the excessive dryness of the season. In this State alone 
nearly -3,000 families, or about 18,000 persons, were rendered houseless and 
deprived of the necessaries of life. Relief committees were organized at Detroit, 
Grand Rapids and elsewhere, and in a short time $462,106 in money and about 
#250,000 worth of clothing were forwarded to the sufferers. Indeed, so generous 
were the people, that they would have given more than was necessary had they not 
been informed by the Governor in a proclamation that a sufficiency had been raised. 

The dedication of the soldiers and sailors' monument at Detroit, April 9, 1872, 
was a notable event in Gov. Baldwin's time. This grand structure was designed 
by Randolph Rogers, formerly of Michigan, and one of tlie most eminent of Amer- 
ican sculptors now living. The money to defray the expenses of this undertaking 
was raised by subscription, and persons in all parts of the State were most liberal 



'b^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



in their contributions. Tlie business was managed by an incorporation established 
in 1868. The monument is forty-six feet high, and is surmounted by a colossal 
statue of Micliigan in bronze, ten feet in height. She is represented as a semi- 
civilized Indian queen, with a sword in her right hand and a shield in her left. The 
dedicatory lines in front are : "Erected by the people of Micliigan, in honor of the 
mart3'rs who fell and the heroes who fought in defense of liberty and union." 
On the monument are many beautiful designs. At the unveiling there was a large 
concourse of people from all parts of tlie State, and the address was delivered by 
ex-Gov. Blair. 

John J. Bagley succeeded to the Governorship Jan. 1, 1873, and served two 
terms. During his administration the new capitol was principally built, which is a 
larger and better structure for the money than, perhaps, any other public building 
in the United States. Under Gov. Bagley's counsel and administration the State 
prospered in all its departments. The Legislature of 1873 made it the duty of the 
Governor to appoint a commission to revise the State Constitution, which duty he 
performed to the satisfaction of all parties. 

Charles M. Crosswell was next the chief executive officer of this State, exer- 
cising the functions of the office for two successive terms, 1877-1881. During his 
administration the public debt was greatly reduced, a policy adopted requiring 
State institutions to keep within the limit of appropriations, laws enacted to pro- 
vide more effectually for the punishment of corruption and bribery in elections, the 
State House of Correction at Ionia and the Eastern Asylum for the Insane at Pon- 
tiac were opened, and the new capitol at Lansing was completed and occupied. 
The first act of his second term was to preside at the dedication of this building. 
The great riot of 1877 centered at Jackson. During those two or three fearful 
days Gov. Crosswell was in his office at Lansing, in correspondence with members 
of the military department in different parts of the State, and within forty-eight 
hours of the moment when the danger became imminent, the rioters found them- 
selves surrounded by a military force ready with ball and cartridge for their anni- 
hilation. Were it not for this promptness of the Governor, there would probably 
have been a great destruction of property, if not also of life. 

The administration of Hon. David H. Jerome has been one marked alike by 
joys and sorrows. The great business revival marked the period of his election ; 
the disastrous forest fires clouded the light of peace and prosperity. 



STATE OFFICERS 

Governors During French Rule. 

Appointed. 

Sieur de Mesey 1663 

Sieur de Courcelles 1665 

Sieur de Fiontenac 1672 

7 



Appointed. 

Sieur de La Barre 1672 

Marquis de Denonville 1685 

Sieur de Frontenac 1689 

Chevalier de Callieres l6qq 



V*- 



STATE OFFICERS. — CONTINUED. 



Marquis de Vaudreiiil 1703 

Marquis de Beauharnois 1726 

Compt de la Galissoniere - 1747 

Sieur de la Jonquiere 1749 

Marquis du Quesne de Menneville 1752 

Sieur de Vaudreuilde Cavagnal 1755 

Governors During British Rule. 

James Murray. 1765 

Paulus E. Irving 1766 

Guy Carleton 1766 

Hector I. Cramahe 1770 

Guy Carleton 1774 

Frederick Haldemand 1778 

Henry Hamilton 1784 

Henry Hope 1785 

Lord Dorchester 17S6 

Alured Clark 1791 

Lord Dorchester- 179S 

Governors of Michigan Territory. 

William Hull 1805 

Lewis Cass 1813 

George B.Porter 1831 

Stevens T. Mason, if jr-t'^c/o 1834 

John T. Horner, ex-officio 1835 

State Governors. 

Elected. 

Stevens T.Mason 1835 

William Woodbridge 1840 

J. Wright Gordon, acting 1841 

John S.Barry 1842 

Alpheus Felch 1846 

Wm. S. Greenly, acting 1847 

Epaphroditus Ransom 1848 

John S. Barry_ 1850 

Robert McClelland 1852 

Andrew Parsons, acting 1S53 

Kingsley S. Bingham 1855 

Moses Wisner 1859 

Austin Blair 1861 

Henry H. Crapo 1865 

Henry D. Baldwin 1869 

John J. Bagley 1873 

Charles M. Croswell 1877 

David H. Jerome 1881 



Lieutenant-Governors of Michigan. 

Elected. 

Edward Mundy 1835 

J. Wright Gordon 1840 

Origin D. Richardson 1842 

Wm. S. Greenly 1846 

Wm. M. Fenton 1848 

Wm. S. Greenly 1849 

Calvin Britain 1852 

Andrew Parsons 1853 

George A. Coe 1855 

Edmund B. Fairfield 1859 

James Birney 1861 

Joseph R. Williams, acting 1861 

Heniy T. Backus, acting 1S62 

Charles S. May 1863 

E. O. Grosvenor 1865 

Dwight May 1S67 

Morgan Bates 1869 

Henry H.Holt 1873 

Alonzo Sessions 1877 

Moreau S. Crosby 1881 

Secretaries of State. 

Kintzing Pritchette 1835 

Randolph Manning 1838 

Thomas Rowland 1840 

Robert P. Eldridge 1842 

G. O. Whittemore 1846 

George W. Peck 1848 

George Redfield 1850 

Charles H.Taylor 1850 

William Graves 1S53 

John McKinney 1855 

Nelson G. Isbell 1S59 

James B.Porter 1861 

O. S. Spaulding 1867 

Daniel Striker 1S71 

E. G. D. Holden 1875 

William Jenney 1879 

State Treasurers. 

Henry Howard 1836 

Peter Desnoyers 1839 

Robert Stuart 1840 

George W. Germain 1841 

John J. Adam 1S42 

George Redfield 1845 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



STATE OPFICEKS. — CONTINUED. 



George B. Cooper 

Barnard C. Whittemore. 

Silas M. Holmes 

John McKinney 

John Owen 

E. O. Grosvenor 

Victory P. Collier 

Wra. B. McCreery 

Benj. F. Pritchard 



Attorneys-General. 



Daniel LeRoy 

Peter Morey 

Zephaniah Piatt 

Elon Farnsvvorth 

Henry N. Walker.. 

Edward Mundy 

Geo. V. N. Lothrop. 

William Hale 

Jacob M. Howard.. 

Charles Upson 

Albert Williams. ... 
Wni. L. Stoughton., 

Dwight May 

Byron D. Ball 

Isaac Mars ton 

Andrew J. Smith 

Otto Kirchner. 



Auditors-General. 



1846 
1850 
1855 
1859 
1861 
:S67 
1871 
1875 
1879 



1836 
1837 
1S41 

1S43 
1845 
1847 
1848 
1857 
1S55 
1861 
1863 
1867 
1869 
1S73 
1874 
1S75 
1877 



Robert Abbott 1836 

Henry Howard 1839 

Eurotus P. Hastings 1840 

AlpheusFelch 1842 

Henry S. Whipple. 1842 

Charles G. Hammond 1845 

John J. Adam 1845 

Digby V. Bell. 1846 

John J. Adam 1848 

John Swegles, jr 1851 

Whitney Jones 1855 

Daniel L. Case 1859 

Langford G. Berry 1 861 

Emil Aneke 1S63 

William Humphrey 1867 

Ralph Ely 1875 

W. Irving Latimer 1879 



Supt. Public Instruction. 

Elected. 

John D.Pierce 1838 

Franklin Sawyer, jr 1841 

Oliver C. Comstock l843 

Ira Mayhew - -- 1845 

Francis W. Sherman.. - 1849 

Ira Mayhew.. - 1855 

John M.Gregory 1859 

Oramel Hosford 1865 

Daniel B. Briggs 1873 

Horace S. Tarbell 1877 

Cornelius A. Gower -- 1878 



Judges of the Supreme Court. 

Augustus B. Woodward 

Frederick Bates 

J ohn Griffin ... 

James Witherell 

Solomon Sibley 

Henry Chipman 

Wm. Woodbridge 

Ross Wilkins 

Wm. A. Fletcher 

Epaphroditus Ransom 

George Morell 

Charles W. Whipple 

Alpheus Felch .- 

David Goodwin. 

Warner Wing 

George Miles 

Edward Mundy.. 

Sanford M. Green 

George Martin 

Joseph T. Copeland 

Samuel T. Douglas 

David Johnson 

Abner Pratt 

Charles W. Whipple 

Nathaniel Bacon 

Sanford M. Green 

E. H. C.Wilson 

Benj. F. H. Witherell, Benj. F.Graves, 
Josiah Turner, and Edwin Lawrence to 

fill vacancies in the latter part of 

George Martin 

Randolph Manning 

Isaac P. Christiancy 



1805-24 

1805-8 

1806-24 

1S08-2S 

1824-36 

1827-32 

1828-32 

1832-6 

1836-42 

1836-47 

1836-42 

1843-52 

1842-5 

1843-6 

1845-56 

1846-50 

1848-51 

1848-57 

1851-2 

1852-7 

1852-7 

1852-7 

1851-7 

1852-5 

1S55-8 

1856-8 

1856-8 



1857 
1858-68 
1858-64 
1858-77 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



STATE OFFICERS. — CONTINUED. 



Elected. 

James V. Campbell 1858 

Thomas M. Cooley 1864 

Benj. F. Graves 1868 

Isaac Marston 1875 

U. S. Senators. 

John Norvell 1835-41 

Lucius Lyon 1836-40 

Augustus S. Porter 1840-5 

Wm. Woodbridge 1841-7 

Lewis Cass 1845-57 

Thos. H. Fitzgerald 1848-9 

Aipheus Felch 1847-53 

Charles E. Stuart 1853-9 

Zachariah Chandler 1857-77 

Kinsley S. Bingham 1859-61 

Jacob M. Howard 1862-71 

Thomas W. Ferry 1871 

Henry Baldwin 1880 

Zachariah Chandler 1878-9 

Thomas W.Ferry 1881-3 

Omar D. Conger 1881-7 

Representatives in Congress. 

Isaac E. Crary 1835-41 

Jacob M. Howard 1841-43 

Lucius Lyon 1843-5 

Robert McClelland 1843-9 

James B. Hunt .. 1843-7 

John S. Chipman 1845-7 

Charles E. Stuart 1847.9 

Kinsley S. Bingham 1849-51 

Alexander W. Buel 1849-51 

William Sprague 1849-50 

Charles E.Stuart 1851-3 

James L. Conger 1851-3 

Ebenezer J. Penneman 1851.3 

Samuel Clark 1853-5 

David A. Noble 1853-5 

Hester L.Stevens 1S53-5 

David Stuart 1853-5 

George W. Peck 1855-7 

William A. Howard 1855-61 

Henry Waldron 1855-61 



Elected. 

David S. Walbridge 1855-9 

D. C. Leach 1857-61 

Francis W. Kellogg 1859-65 

B. F. Granger 186 1-3 

F. C. Beaman 1861-71 

R. E. Trowbridge 1861-3 

Charles Upson 1863-9 

John W. Longyear 1863-7 

John F. Driggs 1863-9 

R. E. Trowbridge 1865-9 

Thomas W. Ferry 1869-71 

Austin Blair 1867-73 

William L. Stoughton 1869-73 

Omar D. Conger 1869-81 

Randolph Strickland 1869-71 

Henry Waldon.. 187 1-5 

Wilder D. Foster 1871-3 

Jabez G. Sutherland 1 87 1-3 

Moses W. Field 1873-5 

George Millard 1875-7 

Julius C. Burrows 1873-5,1879 

Josiah W. Begale 1873-5 

Nathan B. Bradley 1873-7 

Jay A. Hubbell 1873 

W. B. Williams 1875-7 

Aipheus S.Williams 1875-9 

Mark .S. Boemer 1877 

Charles C. Ellsworth 1877-9 

Edwin W. Keightley 1877-9 

Jonas H. McGowan 1877 

John W. Stone 1877 

Edwin Willets 1877 

Roswell G. Horr 1879 

John S.Newberry 1879 

H. W. Lord... 1881 

Edwin Willets 1881 

E. S. Lacey 1881 

Julius C. Burrows :88i 

George W. Webber 1881 

Oliver L. Spaulding. 1881 

John T.Rich 1S81 

Roswell G. Horr 1881 

Jay A. Hubbell 1881 



111 the political chapter of the county history, the names of State Senators and 
Representatives from Macomb are given, with a record of votes received. 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



fe^ 



POLITICAL STATISTICS. 



The following tables show the political complexion of the several districts as 
now arranged, taking the vote for Congressmen in 1880 as the basis : 




3.2S7 


2,196 


2,915 


1,067 


1,081 


1,748 


779 


2.340 


1,677 


1,608 



FIRST DISTRICT. 

County. Rep. Dem. Green- 

back. 

Wayne 15,962 15,388 628 

Republican plurality 574 

Democratic and Greenback over Republican 54 

SECOND DISTRICT. 

Monroe - 3,175 

Lenawee 6,308 

Hillsdale 4.857 

Washtenaw 4,605 

Total 18,945 16,596 1,674 

Republican plurality 2,34q 

Republican majority 675 

THIRD DISTRICT. 

Jackson 4,564 

Calhoun 5,184 

Branch 4.106 

Barry 3>072 

Eaton 4.341 

Total 21,267 9.739 8,959 

Republican plurality -.11,528 

Republican majority 2,571 

FOURTH DISTRICT. 

Berrien 4,553 

Cass 2,856 

St. Joseph 3,134 

Kalamazoo — 4,459 

Van Buren 4,094 

Total 19,096 12,424 4,193 

Republican plurality 6,672 

Republican majority 2,479 

FIFTH DISTRICT. 

Allegan 4,657 

Kent 7.879 

Ottawa 3,289 

Ionia - 4,262 

Total 20,087 9.939 8,901 

Republican plurality 10,108 

Republican majority 1,207 




1,806 


1.789 


5,395 


3,227 


2,072 


837 


666 


3,048 



SI.\TH DISTRICT. 
County. Rep. 

Clinton _ 3,305 

Ingham 3.983 

Livingstone 2,820 

Genesee 4,747 

Oakland 5.371 



Dem. 

2,771 
3.387 
2.914 
2,126 
5,000 

16,288 



Green- 
back. 
766 

1,031 

<92 

2,173 
363 



Total 20,: 

Republican plurality 

Democrat and Greenback over Republican.. 
SEVENTH DISTRICT. 

Macomb 3,000 3,283 

St. Clair 4,182 3,512 

Lapeer 3,390 2,676 

Sanilac 2,183 1,329 

Huron ',773 1,194 

Total 14,618 11,994 

Republican plurality 

Republican majority 

EIGHTH DISTRICT. 

Shiuwassee. 3,325 1.947 

Saginaw 4,829 5,801 

Gratiot 2,526 1,780 

Montcalm 4,140 3,067 

Isabella 1,375 1.089 

Midland 758 514 

Total 16,953 14,198 

Republican plurality , 

Democrat and Greenback over Republican. 

NINTH DISTRICT. 

Muskegon. 2,737 1,496 

Oceana i,479 959 

Newaygo 1,549 1,796 

Mecosta 1,592 1,020 

Osceola 1.234 577 

Lake 5S3 264 

Mason 1,259 832 

Manistee 1. 176 1,098 

Wexford 1,112 476 

Missaukee 268 121 

Charlevoix. 793 276 

Antrim 598 19S 



605 



95 
171 



1' 






HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



County. Rep. Dem. Green- 
back. 
Kalkaska 495 i8t 

Total 14,875 9.294 1,063 

Republican plurality 5,581 

Republican majority 4, 518 

TENTH DISTRICT. 

Tuscola 2,872 1,812 180 

Bay 2,483 

Caldwin 147 

Clare 451 

Roscommon 564 

Ogemaw 280 

Iosco 766 

Crawford l8l 

Oscoda 

Alcona 388 

Alpena 948 

Montmorency 

Otsego 329 

Presque Isle 2C9 

Cheboygan 581 

Emmet-. 809 

Total -10,978 8,776 2,180 



398 


1,568 


260 


5 


412 


41 


413 


72 


173 


57 


540 


8 


141 


24 


250 


8 


835 


48 


217 


83 


151 





571 


83 


603 


4 



Republican plurality 2,202 

Republican majority , 22 

ELEVENTH DISTRICT. 

Grand Traverse .... 1,327 

Leelenau 643 

Benzie 430 

Manitou 36 

Chippewa 35S 

Mackinac 143 

Schoolcraft 172 

Marquette 2,449 

Baraga 180 

Houghton 2,107 

Keewenaw . 610 

Ontonagon. 306 

Isle Royal 

Menominee 1,304 

Delta 724 

Total 10,789 6,486 235 

Republican plurality 4.303 

Republican majority 4,168 



There were also prohibition and scattering votes returned for Congress in 1880 
as follows: Second district, 191; third, 234; fourth, 2i ; fifth, 18; sixth, 78; 
seventh, 18; eighth, 16; ninth, 21; tenth, 7; and eleventh, 95. In Isle Royal 
County, in 1880, no election was held, and Oscoda and Montmorency Counties 
were not organized. 

The population of the several districts in 1870 and 1880 and the total increase 
for the ten years are shown by the following table : 

District. Pop. 1870. Pop. 188U. Increase. 
First 119.038 166,444 47.406 



Second 146 196.. 

Third 146,212-- 

Fourth 143.356 -- 

Fifth 136,840.. 

Sixth 142 276-- 

Seventh 109.233.. 

Eighth 92 792.. 

Ninth 51,943.- 

Tenth 40,439 111,151 70,712 

Eleventh 55.794 104,527 49,733 



156,538 10,342 

164966 18,754 

.. 150,569 7,213 

.. 178,066 41,226 

-- 164,784 22,508 

.- 154,392 45.152 

. . 160,269 67,498 

125,210 73,267 



If a similar rate of increase is kept up in the northern counties, the eighth, 
ninth and tenth districts will before the end of the decade largely exceed in jjopu- 
lation certain of the older districts. 



4^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



CHAPTER VII. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

THE FUB- TRADERS AND SLAVE OWNERS. 

The Bi-itish at Detroit changed their policy somewliat, and endeavored to 
conciliate the Indians, paying them for land and encouraging French settlements in 
the vicinity. This encouragement was exhibited, in part, in showing some par- 
tiality to French customs. 

At this time the fur trade was considerably revived, the principal point of 
shipment being the Grand Portage of Lake Superior. The charter boundaries of 
the two companies, the Hudson's Bay and the Northwest, not having been very 
well-defined, the employees of the respective companies often came into conflict. 
Lord Selkirk, the head of the former company, ended the difiSculty by uniting the 
stock of both companies. An attempt was also made to mine and ship copper, but 
the project was found too expensive. 

SLAVERY IN MICHIGAN. 

The following references to the slave in Michigan have been extracted from 
the able paper prepared on that subject by J. A. Girardin. In olden 
times the city of Detroit and vicinity had slaves among its inhabitants. 
The old citizens generally purchased them from marauding bauds of Indians, 
who had captured the negro slaves in their war depredations on plantations. 
Many were thus brought from Virginia, New York, and Indiana, and sold to the 
inhabitants of Detroit, sometimes for nominal prices. Among our old citizens who 
were slaveholders in the olden times were the late Major Joseph Campau, George 
McDougall, James Duperon Baby, Abbott & Finchly, and several others. The 
negro slaves were well treated by their owners. Many of those poor captives when 
sold and released were at once well taken care of by our ancient inhabitants. Some- 
times the price of a negro slave was regulated according to his intrinsic value, but 
the price was quite high for those days. For instance : A negro boy named Frank, 
aged 12 years, the property of the late Phillip Jonciere, of Belle Fontaine, now 
Springwells, was sold on the 22d day of October, 1793, by William Roe, acting 
auctioneer, to the late Hon. James Duperon Baby, for the sum of ^213, Ne\V York 
currency, equal to •$532.50 of our money. Mr. Baby being the highest bidder, he, 
Frank, was adjudged to him for the benefit of Mr. Joncier's estate. 






HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



In the records of baptism of St. Anne's Church, .several persons of color we 
find recorded as having received the sacrament of baptism, and, in the absence of 
family names we find that the names of " Margaret," for instance, a negress, 
" unknown " would be entered in the absence of her regular family name ; several 
instances of this kind are entered in the old records. During the administration of 
the Governor and Judges of the Territory of Michigan, several negroes received 
donation lots. Among them wa^ a well known negro named " Pompey," the 
property of the late James Abbott. As a class the negroes were esteemed by our 
ancient population ; many of them could speak the French language fluently, espe- 
cially those living with their French masters. But little cruelty was jsracticed by 
their owners. Thei'e was no Wendell Phillips nor any Lloyd Garrison, nor any 
" higher law doctrine," expounded in those days to disturb the mind of the slave 
or the slaveholder. Everyone lived in Arcadian simplicity and contentment. The 
negro was satisfied with his position, and rendered valuable services to his master, 
and was ever ready to help him against the treacherous Indians. During the war 
of 1812 several of them accompanied their masters to the battle-field, and mate- 
rially helped their masters and the troops. 

By an ordinance enacted by Congress, dated July 13, 1787, entitled " An act 
for the government of the territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio 
River," there was a clause in Article VI saying that " there shall be neither slavery 
nor involuntary servitude in the said territory, otherwise than in the punishment 
of crimes." This was a safeguard by Congress to prevent the extension of 
slavery northwest of the Ohio River. Notwithstanding this wise provision our an- 
cestors paid but little attention to it, for whenever a spruce negro was brought 
by the Indians he was sure to find a purchaser at a reasonable price. Most every 
prominent man in those days had a slave or two, especially merchants trading with 
the Indians. 

Detroit and vicinity was a heaven to the slave compared to the Southern States, 
although slavery was carried on on a moderate scale here, there being no cotton or 
rice fields to employ them in, their labor being on the plantations near Detroit, or 
at their masters' houses. The master, once attached to his " Sambo," a great price 
would have to be paid to buy him. 

The late Judge May had a slave-woman who had come to his hands for a debt 
owed him by one Granchin. This faithful slave served the Judge some twenty- 
five years. Mr. Joseph Campau, an extensive trader in those days, had as many as 
ten slaves at different times. Among them was a young negro named " Crow," 
who w.as quite a favorite of Mr. C, who had him dressed in scarlet, a contrast with 
his color. This negro, to the amusement of the inhabitants of the old town, used 
to ascend old St. Anne's Church steeple and there perform some of his gymnastic 



sTv 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



tricks. He was supple and elastic as a circus-ridei'. He had been purchased at 
Montreal by Mr. Campau. He was afterward drowned from one of Mr. C.'s bat- 
teaux. "Hannah," another intelligent colored woman, was purchased at Montreal 
by Mr. C. This faithful slave, after serving him several years, married " Patterson," 
also a slave. "Mulct," one of the most honest and faithful of all slaves, also be- 
longed to Mr. Campau, who very often employed him as confidential clerk. This 
slave died but a few years ago at a very advanced age, respected and esteemed for 
his great integrity and fidelity. The slave " Tetro " was among the favorites of 
Maj. Campau. He, too, was as faithful and as honest as the day was long. 

The late Gen. John R. Williams also possessed a slave, named " Hector." He, 
too, was faithful and trustworthy. In the year 1831 Daniel Lero}', Olmstead 
Cliamberlain, and Gideon O. Whittemore sold to Col. Mack, Gen. Williams, and 
Maj. Campau the newspaper called the Oaldand Chronicle, the office being trans- 
ferred here, and the well known slave " Hector " was placed in charge of it. When 
the late Col. Sheldon McKnight entered to take possession, he was fiercely resisted 
by " Hector who showed fight, and the Colonel had to retreat. This paper was 
afterward merged into the Free Press of this city. 

Ann Wyley, a former slave, suffered the extreme penalty of the law for having 
stolen six guineas from the firm of Abbott & Finchley. She was sentenced to 
death by a justice of the peace, and buried on the spot where St. Anne's Church 
now stands, which ground was used as a place of burial in early days ; and when, 
in 1817, the foundations of the church were being excavated for, the body of this 
unfortunate woman was found, face downward. It was supposed that she was in 
a trance at the time of her burial. This incident was related to me by an old lady, 
some years ago, who knew all about the facts, and who has since died. 

The late Joseph Dronillard, of Petite Cote, Canada, had two daughters. Upon 
the marriage of one of them to the grandfather of your humble servant she received 
a farm ; the other received two slaves as her marriage portion. This goes to show 
that the negro in those days was considered a chattel. Several of our French 
farmers on both sides of the river had one or more of them. 

Many anecdotes can be related of Africa's sons among our ancestors, and they 
as a class were well cared for and educated by their kind masters. I could digress 
and go into more details, but the present sketch will sufiSce to show our modern 
philanthropists that the slaves here in Detroit were as well treated as the families 
in which their lot had been cast. The question may be asked : " How did slavery 
die out here?" The owners of slaves, after having received their services for a 
number of years generally would liberate them, or sometimes sell them to parties 
outside of the Territory. When the celebrated ordinance of 1787 was extended 
over the Northwest, Michigan assumed for the first time the first grade of govern- 



IV^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



ment, and the laws of Congress were put in force, no moi"e slaves were afterward 
allowed to be brought into the Territory, and slavery was known no more here ! 

SALE OF NEGRO MAN POMPEY. 

The following is a copy of a deed furnished by W. W. Backus of Detroit : 

" Know all men by these presents : That I, James May of Detroit, for and in 
consideration of the sum of forty-five pounds. New York currency, to me in hand 
paid by John Askin, Esqr.,of Detroit, the receipt whereof I do hereby acknowledge 
to be fully satisfied and paid, have sold and delivered, and by these presents, in 
l)lain and open market, do bargain, sell, and deliver unto the said John Askin, 
Esqr., a certain negro man, Pompey by name, to have and to hold the said negro 
unto the said John Askin, Esqr., his heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns 
forever ; and I, the said James May, for my heirs, executors, and assigns, against 
all manner of person or persons, shall and will warrant and forever defend by these 
presents. 

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal this nineteenth day 
of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-four. 

Signed, 

JAMES MAY. 

In presence of 

Robert Stevens. 

I do hereby make over my whole right, title and interest in the above men- 
tioned negro man Pompey to Mi. James Donnolson of this place for the sum of 
fifty pounds, New York currency, the receipt of which I do hereby acknowledge, 
as witness my hand and seal at Detroit, this third day of January, 1795. 

Signed, JOHN ASKIN. 

Witness, William McClintock. 

Throughout the counties of Wayne, Monroe, Macomb, and Oakland, the slave 
existed. True, he bore the same relation almost to his master, as the white laborer 
of the South did to his master previous to 1861. Yet he was a slave, liable to be 
bought and sold. 

PUBLIC school system. 

Michigan has as good a public-school system as can be found anywhere in the 
Union. Ever since 1785, the acts of Congress, as well as the acts of this State 
since its organization, have encouraged popular education by land grants and lib- 
eral appropriations of money. The 16th section of each township was early placed 
in the custody of the State for common-school purposes, and all the proceeds of the 
sale of school lands go into the perpetual fund. In 1812 the Superintendent of 
Public Instruction reported a discrepancy of over f 22, 000 in the funds, owing to im- 



•^(i 



5> >• 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



perfect records, probably, rather than of dishonesty of ofBcials. September 30, 1858, 
the primary school fund amounted to $2,890,090.73, and the swamp-land school fund 
to $361,237.20. The qualification of teachers and the supervision of schools were for 
many years in the hands of a board of three inspectors, then the county superin- 
tendency system was adopted for many 3'ears, and since 1875 the township system 
has been in vogue. The township Board of School inspectors now consists of the 
Township Clerk, one elected Inspector, and a Township Superintendent of 
Schools. 

The latter officer licenses the teachers and visits the schools. In 1877, the 
school children (five to twenty years of age) numbered 469,504 ; the average 
number of months of school, 7.4 ; number of graded schools, 295 ; number of school- 
houses, 6,078, valued at $9,190,175 ; amount of two-mill tax, $492,646.94 ; district 
taxes, $2,217,961 ; total resources for the year, $3,792,129.59; total expenditures, 
$3,179,976.06. 

STATE UNIVERSITY. 

By an act of Congress in 1804, a township of land was to be reserved in the 
territory now constituting the lower peninsula " for the use of seminaries of 
learning ; " but the most of this reservation in 1841 went to a Catholic institution 
at Detroit. In 1824, through the exertions of Austin E. Wing, delegate to Con- 
gress, Gov. Woodbridge and others, a second township was granted, with permis- 
sion to select the sections in detached localities, and about this time Judge Wood- 
ward devised that novel and extensive scheme for the " catholepisteraaid,"' else- 
where referred to in this volume. In 1837 the Legislature established the University at 
Ann Arbor, and appropriated the seventy-two sections to its benefit ; 916 acres of this 
land were located in what is now the richest part of Toledo, Ohio, from which the 
University finally realized less than $18,000. 

But the State in subsequent years made many liberal appropriations to this 
favorite institution, until it has become the greatest seat of learning west of New 
England, if not in all America. It is a part of the public-school system of the 
State, as tuition is free, and pupils graduating at the high schools are permitted to 
enter the freshman class of tiie collegiate department. It now has an average 
attendance of 1,200 to 1,400 students, 450 of whom are in the college proper. In 
1879 there were 406 in the law department, 329 in the medical, 71 in pharmacy, 62 
in dental surgery, and 63 in the homeopathic department. There are over fifty 
professors and teachers. The University is under the control of eight regents, 
elected by the people, two every second year. Rev. Henry B. Tappan, D. D., was 
President from 1852 to 1863, then Erastus O. Haven, D. D., LL. D., to 1860, then 
Prof. H. S. Freeze (acting) until 1871, since which time the reins have been held 
by Hon. James B. Angell, LL. D. 



i> ^ 



^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



The value of the buildings and grounds was estimated in 1879 at 1319,000, and 
the personal property at $250,000. 

STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. 

John D. Pierce, the first Superintendent of Public Instruction, in his first re- 
port to the Legislature, urged the importance of a normal school. In this enter- 
prise he was followed by his successors in office until 1849, when Ira Mayhew was 
State Superintendent, and the Legislature appropriated seventy-two sections of 
land for the purpose ; and among the points competing for the location of the 
school, Ypsilanti won, and in that place the institution was permanently located. 
The building was completed and dedicated with appropriate ceremonies, October 
5,1852; next year the Legislature appropriated f7,000 in money, for expenses. 
Prof. A. S. Welch, now President of Iowa Agricultural College, was elected the 
first Principal. In October, 1859, the building with contents was burned, and a 
new building was immediately erected. In 1878 the main building was enlarged 
at an expense of $13,347. This enlargement was 88x90 feet, and has a hall capa- 
ble of seating 1,200 persons. The value of buildings and other property at the 
j^resent time is estimated at $111,100. Number of students, 616, including 144 in 
the primary department. 

Each member of the Legislature is authorized by the Board of Education to 
appoint two students from his district who may attend one year free of tuition; other 
students pay $10 per annum. Graduates of this school are entitled to teach in this 
State without re-examination by any school officer. 

AGRICULTUKAL COLLEGE. 

The Michigan Agricultural College owes its establishment to a provision of 
the State Constitution of 1850. Article 13 says, " The Legislature shall, as soon 
as practicable, provide for the establishment of an agricultural school." For the 
purpose of carrying into practice this provision, legislation was commenced in 1855, 
and the act required that the school should be within ten miles of Lansing, and 
that not more than $15 an acre should be paid for the farm and college grounds. 
The college was opened to students in May, 1857, the first of existing agricultural 
colleges in the United States. Until the Spring of 1861 it was under the control 
of the State Board of Education ; since that time it has been under the manage- 
ment of the State Board of Agriculture, created for the purpose. 

In its essential features of combining study and labor, and of uniting general 
and professional studies in its course, the college has remained virtually unchanged 
frem the first. It has had a steady growth in number of students, in means of 
illustration and efficiency of instruction. 

An Act of Congress, approved July 2, 1862, donated to each State public lands 



>^-> 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



to the amount of 30,000 acres for each of its Senators and Representatives in Con- 
gress, according to the census of 1860, for the endowment, support and mainten- 
ance of at least one college where the leading object should be, without excluding 
other scientific and classical studies, and including military tactics, to teach such 
branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts. The 
Legislature accepted this grant and bestowed it upon the Agricultural College. 
By its provisions the college has received 235,673.37 acres of land. These lands 
have been placed in market, and about 74,000 acres are sold, yielding a fund of 
$237,174, the interest of which, at seven per cent., is applied to the support of the 
college. The sale is under the direction of the Agricultui-al Land Grant Board, 
consisting of the Governor, Auditor General, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, 
Attorney General and Commissioner of the State Land Office. 

The Agricultural College is three miles east of Lansing, comprising several 
fine buildings ; and there are, also, very beautiful, substantial residences for the 
professors. There are also an extensive, well-filled green-house, a very large and 
well-equipped and chemical laboratory, one of the most scientific apiaries in the 
United States, a general museum, a museum of mechanical inventions, another of 
vegetable products, extensive barns, piggeries, etc., etc., in fine trim for the pur- 
poses designed. The farm consists of 676 acres, of which about 300 are under 
cultivation is in a systematic rotation of crops. 

OTHER COLLEGES. 

At Albion is a flourishing college under the control of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church. The grounds comprise about fifteen acres. There are three college 
buildings, each three stories high, having severally the dimensions of 46 by 80, 40 
by 100, and 47 by 80 feet. The attendance in 1878 was 205. Tuition in the jjrepara- 
tory and collegiate studies is free. The faculty comjjrises nine members. The 
value of property about $85,000. 

Adrian College was established by the Wesleyan Methodists in 1859, now 
under the control of the " Methodist Church." The grounds contain about twenty 
acres. There are four buildings, capable of accommodating about 225 students. 
Attendance in 1875 was 179 ; total number of graduates for previous years, 121 ; 
ten professors and teachers employed. Exclusive of the endowment fund ($80,- 
000), the assets of the institution, including grounds, buildings, furniture, appar- 
atus, musical instruments, outlying lands, etc., amount to more than $137,000. 
Hope College, at Holland, is under the patronage of the Dutch Reformed Church. 
It was begun in 1851, and in connection with the ordinary branches of learning, it 
has a theological department. In 1877 it had ten professors and teachers and 110 
pupils. Up to 1875 there had graduated, in the preparatory def)artment, begun in 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



1863, ninety-five ; in the academic, beginning in 1866, fifty-three ; and in the theo- 
logical, beginning in 1869, twenty-four. Value of real estate, 125,000 ; of other 
property, above incumbrance, about $10,000 ; the amount of endowment paid in is 
about 156,000. 

Kalamazoo College, headed by Baptists, is situated on a five-acre lot of ground, 
and the property is valued at $35,000 ; investments, f S8,000. There are six mem- 
bers of the faculty, and in 1878 there were 169 pupils. 

Hillsdale College was established in 1855 by the Free Baptists. The " Michi- 
gan Central College," at Spring Arbor, was incorporated in 1845. It was kept in 
operation until it was merged into the present Hillsdale College. The site com- 
prises twenty-five acres, beautifully situated on an eminence in the western part of 
the city of Hillsdale. The large and imposing building first erected was nearly 
destroyed by fire in 1871, and in its place five buildings of a more modern style 
have been erected. They are of brick, three stories with basement, arranged on 
three sides of a quadrangle. Their size is, respectively, 80 by 80, 48 by 72, 48 by 
72, 80 by 60, 52 by 72, and they contain one-half more room than the original' 
building. Ex-Lieutenant Gov. E. B. Fairfield was the first president. The present 
president is Rev. D. W. C. Durgin, D. D. Whole number of graduates up to 1878, 
375; number of students in all departments, 506; number of professors and 
instructors, 15; productive endowment, about $100,000; buildings and ground, 
$80,000 ; library, 6,200. 

Olivet College, in Eaton County, is a lively and thorough literary and fine-art 
institution, under the joint auspices of the Presbyterian and Congregational denom- 
inations. Value of buildings and ground, about $85,000. Fourteen professors and 
teacher.s are employed, and the attendance in 1878 was 190, the sexes in about 
equal proportion. There are five departments, namely, the collegiate, preparatory, 
normal, music and art. 

Battle Creek College, conducted by the .Seventh-Day Adventists, was estab- 
lished in 1874, with four departments, eleven professors and teachers, and an 
attendance of 289. It is practically connected with a large health institution, 
where meat and medicines are eschewed. In 1878 there were fifteen instruct- 
ors and 478 students. Special attention is paid to hygiene and hygienic medi- 
cation. 

Grand Traverse College was opened at Benzonia, in 1863, as the result of the 
efforts of Rev. Dr. J. B. Walter, a prominent divine of the Congregational Church. 
The friends of this institution have met with serious discouragements ; their lands 
have not risen in value as anticipated, and they have suffered a heavy loss from fire ; 
but the college has been kept open to the present time, with an average of seventy 
pupils. The curriculum, however, has so far been only " preparatory." The land 



<- 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 






is valued at .$25,000, and the buildings, etc., 16,000. The school has done a good 
work in qualifying teachers for the public schools. 

Besides the foregoing colleges, there are the German- American Seminary 
in Detroit, a Catholic seminary at Monroe, the Michigan Female Seminary at 
Kalamazoo, the Military Academy at Orchard Lake, near Pontiac, and others. 
Large numbers of Michigan students study at the college of Notre Dame in St. 
Joseph County, Indiana. 

CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. 

No State in the Union takes better care of her poor than does Michigan. For 
a number of years past, especially under the administrations of Govs. Bagley and 
Groswell, extraordinary efforts have been made to improve and bring to perfection 
the appointments for the poor and dependent. 

According to the report of the Board of State Commissioners for the general 
supervision of charitable, penal, pauper and reformatory institutions for 1878, the 
total number in poor-houses of the State was 5,282. For the five years preceding, 
the annual rate of increase was four times greater than the increase of population 
during that period ; but that was an exceptionally " hard " time. The capacity of 
the public heart, however, was equal to the occasion, and took such measures as 
were effectual and almost beyond criticism for the care of the indigent. At the 
head of the charity department of the State stands 

THE STATE PUBLIC SCHOOL. 

In the year 1870 a commission appointed by the Governor for that purpose, 
visited many of the poor-houses in the State, and found a large number of children 
in them under sixteen years of age, indiscriminately associated with idiots, maniacs, 
prostitutes and vagrants. Their report recommended the classification of paupers, 
and especially, that children in the county houses, under sixteen years, should be 
placed in a State school. The act establishing the rule was passed in 1871, in con- 
formity with the recommendation. As amended in 1873, it provides, in substance, 
that there shall be received as pupils in such school all neglected and dependent 
children that are over four and under sixteen years of age, and that are in suitable 
condition of body or mind to receive instruction, especially those maintained in the 
county poor-houses, those who have been deserted by their parents, or are orphans, 
or whose parents have been convicted of crime. It is declared to be the object of 
the act to provide for such children temporary homes only, until homes can be 
procured for them in families. The plans comprehend the ultimate care of all 
children of the class described, and it is made unlawful to retain such children in 
poor-houses when there is room for them in the State Public School. Dependent 
orphans and half orphans of deceased soldiers and sailors have the preference of 



nv 



-* — ^>^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



admission should there be more applications than room. Provision is made for 
preserving a record of the parentage and history of each child. 

The general Tsupervision of the school is delegated to a Board of Control, 
consisting of three members, who are appointed by the Governor, with the advice 
and consent of the Senate. The Board appoints the superintendent, officers and 
teachers of the school. One officer is appointed to look up homes for the children 
to apprentice them, and to keep a general oversight of them by visitation or corre- 
spondence. To complete the work of this institution, an agent is appointed in each 
county. 

The internal government of this school is that known as the " family " and 
" congregate " combined, the families consisting of about thirty members each, and 
being under the care of "cottage managers," ladies whom the children call "aunt- 
ies," and who are supposed to care for the children as mothers. Each child of 
sufficient j'ears expected to work three hours every day ; some work on the farm, 
some in the dining-room and kitchen, while others make shoes, braid straw hats, 
make their own clothing, work in the bakery, engine room, laundry, etc. They are 
required to attend school three to five hours a day, according to their ages, and 
the school hours are divided into sessions to accommodate the work. 

The buildings, ten in number, comprise a main building, eight cottages and a 
hospital, all of brick. Tiie buildings are steam heated, lighted with gas and have 
good bathing facilities. There are forty-one acres of land in connection with the 
school, and the total value of all the property is about $150,000, furnishing accom- 
modation for 240 children. 



INSTITUTION FOR THE DEAF AND DUMB, AND THE BLIND. 

This is located at Flint, sixty miles nearly northwest of Detroit. The act 
establishing it was passed in 1848, and the school was first opened in 1854, in a 
leased building. It is a school in common for deaf mutes, and the blind, rather 
from motives of economy than from any relation which the two classes bear to 
one another. The buildings were commenced in 1853. The principal ones now 
are: front building, forty-three by seventy-two feet, with east and west wings, 
each twenty-eight by sixty feet, center building, forty by sixty, and east and west 
wings, each fifty by seventy feet ; main school building, fifty-two by fifty-four, with 
two wings, and twenty-five by sixty feet. All of these buildings are four stories 
high ; center of the front building is five stoi-ies, including basement. There are 
also a boiler and engine house, barns, etc. The total value of the buildings is 
estimated at fo58,045, and of the eighty-eight acres of land occupied, $17,570. 

The number of inmates has increased from 94, in 1865, to 225, in 1875. Includ- 
ing the Principal, there are ten teachers employed in the deaf and dumb depart- 



JiL 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



ment, and four in the blind, besides the Matron and her assistants. Tuition and 
board are free to all resident subjects of the State, and the Trustees are authorized 
to assist indigent subjects in the way of clothing, etc., to the amount of $40 a year. 
An annual census of all deaf mutes and blind persons in the State, is officially taken 
and reported to the overseers of the poor, who are to see that these unfortunate 
members of the human family are properly cared. 

ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE, AT KALAMAZOO. 

This institution was established in 1848, and now consists of two departments, 
one for males and the other for females. The capacity of the former is 280, and of 
the latter, 300 patients. In their general construction, both buildings are arranged 
in accordance with the principles laid down by the Association of Medical Superin- 
tendents of American Institutions for the Insane. The buildings are ot brick, with 
stone trimmings, and are very substantial, as well as beautiful. The entire cost of 
l)oth buildings, with all the auxiliary structures, and 195 acres of land, is about 
$727,173.90. The buildings were constructed during the war and immediately 
afterward. The asylum was opened in 1859 for the care of patients, and up to 
October 1, 1875, there had been expended for the care and maintenance of patients, 
exclusive of the cost of construction, 1994,711.32. Indigent patients are received 
and treated at the asylum at the expense of the counties to which they belong, on 
the certification of the county authorities, the average cost of maintenance being 
about $4.12+ per week. Pay patients are received when there is room for them, 
the minimum price of board being $5 per week. 

EASTERN ASYLUJI FOR THE INSANE, AT PONTIAC. 

These large, beautiful and very modern structures are located upon a farm of 
upward of 300 acres, and were erected in 1873-'6, at a cost of about $400,000. 
The general plans are similar to those at Kalamazoo. They are built of brick, with 
stone window caps, belt-courses, etc. There are accommodations for not less than 
300 patients. 

Michigan pursues a very enlightened policy toward the chronic insane. Pro- 
visions have been made for the treatment even of the incurable, so that as much 
good as possible may be done even to the most unfortunate. The design is to cure 
whenever the nature of the mental malady will permit ; but failing this, to cease 
no effort which could minister to the comfort and welfare of the patient. 

PENAL INSTITUTIONS. 

The Detroit House of Correction, although a local institution, is used to a con- 
siderable extent as an intermediate prison, to which persons are sentenced by the 
courts throughout the State for minor offenses. Women convicted of felonies are 



^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



also sent to this place. The whole number in confinement at this prison for the 
past decade has averaged a little over 400 at any one time, more males than females. 
The average term of confinement is but a little more than two months, and the 
institution is very faithfully conducted. 

The State Prison, at Jackson, is one of the best conducted in the Union. The 
total value of the property is $552,113. The earnings of the prison in 1878 were 
$92,378 ; number of prisoners, 800. Their work is let to contractors, who employ 
450 men at different trades. A coal mine has been recently discovered on the 
prison property, which proves a saving of several thousand dollars per annum to 
tlie State. The earnings of this prison since Gen. Wm. Humphrey has been War- 
den (1875), has exceeded its current expenses. 

The State Prison at Ionia was established a few years ago, for the reception of 
convicts whose crimes are not of the worst type, and those who are young, but too 
old for the reform school. The ground comprises 53 acres of land, 13A^ of which is 
enclosed by a brick wall 18 feet high. Estimated value of property, $277,490 ; 
current expenses for 1878, $45,744 ; earnings for 1878, $5,892 ; number of prison- 
ers December 31, 1878, 250 ; number received during the year, 346. 

THE STATE PRISON IN 1880. 

The inspectors say that " in a pecuniary sense the year has been a prosperous 
one to all the industries connected witii the prison. Contractors have had a demand 
for all their products at fair prices and sure pay, and as a consequence contracts due 
to the State have been promptly paid, and the prison authorities have had none of 
tlie troubles and anxieties they have sometimes experienced from the failure of 
prompt payment for prison labor. The general prosperity of the country is shown 
by the increased and increasing demands for the products of labor. Whether 
these products are from the labor or convicts of free men, the consumer does not 
inquire ; therefore it is not surprising, but to have been expected, that the prison 
industries would share in the general prosperity. 

The inspectors report valuation of property as follows : 

Real estate $545,219-55 

Personal $48,618.27 

Cash on hand -- 9.799-82 58,418.09 

Aggregate - $603,637.64 

The increase over inventory of 1880 is stated at $29,806.95. Of this amount 
$18,155.45 is credited to real estate, $14,299.88 of which is credited to the expend- 
iture of legislative appropriations, and $3,855.67 to prison earnings. The increase 
in the valuation of personal property is $11,651.50, which amount came entirely 
from prison labor, showing an aggregate increase from prison labor of $15,507.07. 



^ 



4. 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



The net prison earnings for the year are given as $95,129.67, and the expenses 
for the same time $84,517.66, showing a balance of earnings over expenses of 
110,612.01. 

The following are the statistics of prisoners for the year : 

Number October I, 1879 _ 777 

Admitted during year 281 

Total 1,058 

Discharged by expiration of sentence. -253 

Discliarged by death 5 

Discharged by order for new trials 2 

Discharged by order of supreme court 4 

Discharged by pardon of governor 13 

Escaped 3 

280 

Remaining in prison September 30, 1880. 

Total 778 

The detailed inventory covers thirty-six pages, and is minute enough to meet 
the demands of the most inquisitive investigator into the nature of prison property. 

During the term of its operation this prison has received 7,071 persons, com- 
mitted for offenses which are covered by 757 titles. Of these 5,097 were convicted 
for offenses against property, 988 of offenses against lives and persons of individ- 
uals, 549 of forgery and counterfeiting, 284 of offenses against chastity, morality 
and decency, 145 of offenses against public justice, and 8 of unclassified offenses. 

During the last prison year twenty persons were received under conviction of 
offenses against life, as follows : 

For murder in the first degree 2 

For murder in the second degree 4 

For manslaughter ! 3 

For assault with intent to kill . Ii 

Total 20 

STATE REFORM SCHOOL. 

This was established at Lansing in 1855, in the northeastern portion of the 
city, as the " House of Correction for Juvenile Offenders," having about it many 
features of a prison. In 1859, the name was changed to the " State Reform 
School." The government and discipline have undergone many and radical 
changes, until all the prison features have been removed, except those that remain in 
tlie walls of the original structure, and which remain only as monuments of instruc- 
tive history. No bolts, bars or guards ai-e employed. Tlie inmates are necessa- 
ril}' kept under the surveillance of officers, but the attempts at escape are much 
fewer than under the more rigid regime of former days. This school is for the 



^^ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



detention, education and reformation of boys between the ages of eight and sixteen 
years, who are convicted of light offenses. 

The principal building is four stories high, including basement, and has an 
extreme length of 246 feet, the center a depth of 48 feet, and the wings a depth of 
33 feet each. Besides, there are two " family houses," where the more tractable 
and less vicious boys form a kind of family, as distinguished from the congregate 
life of the institution proper. The boys are required to work half a day and 
attend school half a day. A farm of 328 acres, belonging to the school, furnishes 
work for many of the working boys during the working season. Some are em- 
ployed in making clothing and shoes for the inmates. The only shop-work now 
carried on is the cane-seating of chairs ; formerly, cigars were manufactured here 
somewhat extensively. There is no contract labor, but all the work is done by the 
institution itself. 

The number of inmates now averages about 200, and are taken care of by a 
superintendent and assistant, matron and assistant, two overseers and six teachers. 

THE LAND OFFICE 

Of this State has a great deal of business to transact, as it has within its jurisdic- 
tion an immense amount of new land in market, and much more to come in. Dur- 
ing the fiscal year ending September 30, 1877, the total number of acres sold was 
50,835.72, for $87,968.05, of which $69,800.54 was paid in hand. At that time, the 
amount of land still owned by the State was 3,049,905.46, of wliich 2,430,050.47 
were swamp land ; 447,270.89, primary school ; 164,402.55, Agricultural College ; 
310.26, University ; 160, Normal School ; 2,115.63, salt spring ; 1,840, Asylum ; 
32.40, State building ; 3,342.75, asset, and 380.31, internal improvement. But of 
the foregoing, 1,817,084.25 acres, or more than iialf, are not in market. 

STATE LIBRARY. 

Territorial Library, 1828-1835. — The first knowledge that we have of this 
library, is derived from the records found in the printed copies of the journals and 
documents of the Legislative Councils of the Territory, and in the manuscript 
copies of the Executive journals. 

The library was established by an act of the Legislative Councils, approved 
June 16, 1828, authorizing the appointment of a librarian by the Governor, with 
advice and consent of the Council. 

The Librarian so appointed was required to take an oath of office and give 
bond to the Treasurer of the Territory in the sum of 11,000 for the faithful per- 
formance of his duties ; his time of service was for two years, or until another be 
appointed. The librarian was also required to take charge of the halls and com- 
mittee room, and other property appertaining to the Legislative Council. He was 



-% 



^A 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



also required to make an annual report to the Council, upon the state of the 
library, and upon all such branches of duty as might from time to time be com- 
mitted to his charge. For his services he was to receive annually the sum of $100. 

The library seemed to have been kept open only during the actual sittings of 
the Legislative Council. 

The Executive journal, by its records, shows that under tlie provisions of this 
act, William B. Hunt was appointed Librarian, July 3, 1828, by Gov. Lewis Cass, 
for the term of two years. Mr. Hunt continued to act as Librarian until March 7, 
1834, when Gersham Molt Williams was appointed by Gov. Porter. Mr. Williams 
seems to have acted as Librarian until the organization of the institution as a State 
library. The honored names of Henry B. Schoolcraft, Charles Moran, Daniel S. 
Bacon, Calvin Brittain, Elou Farnsvvorth, Charles C. Hascall,and others, are found 
iu the list of the members of the Library Committee. 

March, 1836, the State Library was placed in charge of the Secretary of State ; 
in February, 1837, it was given to the care of the private Secretary of the Gov- 
ernor ; December 28 following, its custody was given to the Governor and Secre- 
tary of State, with power to appoint a Librarian, and make rules and regulations 
for its government. C. C. Jackson acted as the first Librarian for the State. Lewis 
Bond also had the care of the books for a time. Oren Marsh was appointed Libra- 
rian in 1837, and had the office several years. In March, 1840, the law was again 
changed, and the library was placed in the care of the Secretary of State, and the 
members of the Legislature and Executive officers of the State were to have free 
access to it at all times. 

The library was, of course, increased from time to time by legislative ap- 
propriations. In 1844, as the result of the efforts of Alexandre Vattemare, 
from Paris, a system of international exchange was adopted. 

April 2, 1850, an act was passed requiring the Governor to appoint a State 
librarian with the consent of the Senate, and it was made the duty of the librarian 
to have the sole charge of the library. This act, with some amendments, still 
remains in force. It requires the librarian to make biennial reports and catalogues. 
The librarians under this act have been: Henry Tisdale, April 2, 1850, to January 
27, 1851 ; Charles J. Fox, to July 1, 1853 ; Charles P. Bush, to December 5, 1854 ; 
John James Bush, to Januar}^ 6, 1855; DeWitt C. Leach, to February 2, 1857; 
George W. Swift, to January 27, 1859 ; J. Eugene Tenney, to April 5, 1869, and 
Mrs. Harriet A. Tenney, to the present time. This lady has proved to be one of 
the best librarians in the United States. She has now in her charge about 60,000 
volumes, besides thousands of articles in the new and rapidly growing museum 
department. She is also secretary of the " Pioneer Society of the State of Michi- 
gan," and has charge of the books, papers and relics collected by that society. 



sfV 



♦■ 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



The library and these museums are now kept in the new State Capitol at Lansing, 
in a series of rooms constructed for the purpose, and are all arranged in the most 
convenient order and with the neatest taste. 

STATE FISHERIES. 

Very naturally, the denser population of the white race, as it took possession 
of this wild country, consumed what they found already abundant long before 
they commenced to renew the stock. It was so with the forests ; it was so with 
the fish. An abundance of good variety of fish was found in all our rivers and 
little lakes by the early settlers, but the abundance was gradually reduced until 
these waters were entirely robbed of their useful inhabitants. Scarcely a thouglit 
of restocking the inland waters of this State was entertained until the Spring of 
1873, when a board of fish commissioners was authorized by law; and while the people 
generally still shook their heads in skepticism, the board went on with its duty until 
these same people are made glad with the results. Under the efficient superintend- 
ency of Geo. H. Jerome, of Niles, nearly all the lakes and streams within the 
lower peninsula have been more or less stocked with shad, white-fish, salmon or 
lake trout, land-locked or native salmon, eel, etc., and special efforts are also made 
to propagate that beautiful and useful fish, the grayling, whose home is in the 
Manistee and Muskegon rivers. Much more is hoped for, however, than is yet real- 
ized. Like every other great innovation, many failures must be suffered before the 
brilliant crown of final success is won. 

The value of all the property employed in fish propagation in the State is but 
a little over f 4,000, and the total expenses of conducting the business from Decem- 
ber 1, 1876, to July 1, 1877, were 114,000. The principal hatcheries are at Detroit 
and Pokagon. 

CHAPTER VIII. 

STATE SOCIETIES. 

Organization is the first great means necessary to the accomplishment of any 
project. In this respect Michigan is peculiarly fortunate. Every class seems to 
have its organization, and to observe the rules adopted. Among the first bodies of 
the State the Pioneer Society of Micliigan holds, perhaps, the highest place. The 
ofScers of the society retain all that-energy of character which marked their earlier 
years; members, generally, take a deep interest in the government of the body, and 
thus a promise is given of the continued existence of a noble organization. 

THE PIONEER SOCIETY OF MICHIGAN 

Was organized in 1875. Its roll of members contains 408 names, each of which is 
referred to m the following table : 



P 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



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July 1,1831. 
1886. 
1838. 

May 8. 1838. 
November 5. 1844. 
May 4, 1837. 
June. 1843. 
April 24. 1825. 
April. 1836. 
Nov. 5. 1831. 
September 10. 1825. 
June?, 1838. 
1834. 

Junel, 1836. 
March 27. 1836. 
October 15, 1835. 
July, 1839. 
June, 1833. 
1840. 

Fehnntry. 1835. 
November 11. 1831. 


May 10. 1834 
November 20. 1852 
May 21. 1836. 
November 10, 1840. 

J,^\"emberl2,1837. 
April, 1840. 
May. 1836. 


October. 1841. 
July. 1837. 
August. 1836. 
May, 1888. 
September, 1843. 
1843. 


July. 1837. „ „„,, 
Septembers. 1835. 
Jmie. 1830. 
October. 1824. 
September, 1843. 
June, 1836. 
September. 1835. 

June, 1837. 
April, 1835. 
May, 1837. 
September 6, 18'89. 
Novembers. 1631. 
5, 1831. 
May 14, 1834. 

" 14, 1834. 

" 11, 1836. 
June. 1828. 
January 9, 1846. 
April 30. 1819. 


May. 1825. 

■■ 3. 1831. 
August 1, 1832 
.laiiuaryk 1840. 
August 3, 1837. 
May, 1885. 

" 1836. 


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liVaiiiii. '!!!!!!!!! 

Wayne 


Kent.. .■.■.■.■.'.■.■!!!!! 

Monroe 

St. Joseph 

Oakland! 

Livingston 

Wayne 


Ionia 

Hillsdale 

Lenawee 

Oakland 

Clinton 


Kalamazoo 

Wayne '!!!!!! 

Lenawee 

Washtenaw 

Hillsdale 

Ingham 

Mmiroe 

Calhoun 

Oakland 

Kalamazoo 

Calhoun'...!!!!!' 

Oakland!!!!!!!!! 

Washtenaw 

Lenawee 

Oakland 


Wayne 

Oakland 

Genesee 

.lackson 

Kalamazoo 

Wayne 


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Flint 

Tecuniseh 

Marshall 

Jackson 

Grass Lake 

Alaieilon 

Detroit 

Alaiedon 

Farmlngton 

Scio 

Scbooleraft 

Ann Arbor 

Johnstown 

Saline 


Plymouth 

Portland 

Albion 

Brushy Prairie.. 
Detroit 


lasaiii 


Ionia ,,,,!!...!... 

Auburn 

Essex 


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May 10, 1810 
June 18, 1816 
Nov. 19, 180b 
Oct. 20, 1809 
Jan, 7, 1814 
Feb. 4, 1883 
May 4, 1817 
Feb. 7. 1827 
May 11, 1808 
Feb. 20, 1831 
April 16, 1809 
Oct. 5, 1817 
May 21, 1823 
Oct. 14, 1819 
Oct. 15, 1815 
April 3. 1613 
Sept, 80, 1815 
Feb, 80. 1889 
•<ept, 16. 1807 
April 1, 1834 
Sfpl. 85. 1809 
Fell, 11, 1804 
All] il 1-8. 1830 
iMar. 87. 1831 
Mar. 13. 1818 
Feb. 1, 1809 
July 24. 1832 
Dec. 84,1817 
Sept. 1, 1811 
Aug, 10, 1810 
Sept. 8, 1822 
Nov. 15, 1816 
May 12, 1825 
Jan. 6. 1818 
Jan. 13, 1818 
Mar, 11, 1810 
May 20, 1813 
Oct. 31, 1885 
Aug. 9, isiiu 
Jan. 8, I'-ii ', 
Dec. 5. 1-1. 1 
Jan. 6. 1 ■■ .' 1 
Mar. 6, 1 - ! 1 
July 18, 1- -■ 

Aug. 1, 1-1 

Nov. 21, 1-. . 
Dec. 9, 1- ' 
Jan. 18. iMii 
June 15. K'.i'. 
April 29. 1797 
Nov. 4. 1800 
May 22, 1810 
Sept. 22, 1810 
Feb. 11, 1814 
May 4, 1886 
June 80, 183-.. 
Mar. 5, 1794 
Jan. 11, 179h 
May 17.1809 
Aug. 16, 1888 
Mar. 8, 1809 
Jan. 23, 1809 
Feb. 10. 1820 
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New York 

Vermont 

New York 

Massachusetts 


Massachusetts 

New York 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Connecticut 

New York 

■Vermont 

New York 

Vermont 

New Jersey 


it;;! 

g>Z 


Massachusetts 

Ohio 

New York 

Vermont 

New York 

Connecticut!!!!!!!!! 

New York 

Massachusetts 

New York !!!!!! 

Pennsylvania 

Connecticut 

Vermont 

New York 

Vermont 

Massachusetts ... . 




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Sidney Plains, Delaware Co.... 

:Iadley, Saratoga Co 

Sangerlield 

Camlllus 

Dansville 

North Castle 

Shankakln 

Sullivan 

Covington 

Lodi 

Russell 


Galen 


East Bloomneld 

Canuteu 

Johnstown, Montgomery Co.... 

Sallna 

New Haven 


Saudisfield 

Hatavia 

Auburn 


Newburgh 

.Mount Pleasan t 

Attica 

Moravia 

Si inierset 

Rutland 

Ira. Cayuga Co 

New Baltimore 

1 unbridge 

Miinson 

\N iiidsor 

Kii-hiand 

1 ..vington 

Stillwater 


Mansfield 

Windsor 

Bethlehem 

Athens 


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Witter J. Baxter 

Oliver C. Comstock 

D.Johnson 

H.H.Bingham 

Randolph Strickland 

Ephraim Longyear 

FIrastusS. Ingersoll 

W. W. Mitchell 

Ebenezer Lakin Brown 

David Scott 

Henry P. Cherry 

Sm 1 th looker 

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ailSTOUY OF MICHIGAN. 



THE FIRST HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MICHIGAN 

Was incorporated under authority given in the Act of June 23, 1828, with Lewis 
Cass, Henry Whiting, John Biddle, Gabriel Richard, Noah M. Wells, Richard F. 
Cadle, Isaac M"Ilvain, Zara H. Coston, Austin E. Wing, Thomas Rowland, John L. 
Whiting, Henry S. Cole, Jonathan Kearsley, Samuel W. Dexter, Zina Pitcher, 
Edwin P. James, Henry R. Schoolcraft, and Charles C. Trowbridge, charter 
members. 

THE STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY 

Is distinct from the State Agricultural Board, the latter being simply an executive 
over the Agricultural College under the laws of tlie State. The former was organ- 
ized at Lansing, March 23, 1849, and was especially incorporated by Act of April 
2 following, since which time it has numbered among its officers and executive 
members some of tlie foremost men of the State. It has held annual fairs in various 
places, and the number of entries for premiums has risen from 623 to several 
thousands, and its receipts from $808.50 to $58,780. The premiums offered and 
awarded have increased proportionally. 

STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 

At an informal meeting of several gentlemen in Grand Rapids, Feb. 11, 1870, 
it was resolved to organize a State pomological society, and at an adjourned meet- 
ing on the 26th of the same month, the organization was perfected, and the first 
officers elected were : H. G. Saunders, president ; S. S. Fuller, treasurer, and A. 
T. Linderman, secretary. The society was incorporated April 15, 1871, " for the 
purpose of promoting pomology, horticulture, agriculture, and kindred sciences 
and arts." During the first two j^ears monthly meetings were required, but in 
1872 quarterly meetings were substituted. It now has a room in the basement of 
the new capitol. T. T. Lyon, of South Haven, is president, and Charles W. Gar- 
field, of Grand Rapids, secretary. Under the supervision of this society, Michigan 
led the world in the centennial exposition at Philadeljjhia in the exhibition of Winter 
apples. The contributions of this society to pomological literature are also richer 
than can be found elsewhere in the United States. 

THE MICHIGAN STATE FIREMEN'S ASSOCIATION 

Was organized April 13, 1875, at Battle Creek, for " the protection and promotion 
of the best interests of the firemen of Michigan, the compilation of fire statistics, 
the collection of information concerning the practical working of different systems 
of organization, the examination of the merits of the different kind of fire appar- 
atus in use and the improvement in the same, and the cultivation of a fraternal 
fellowship between the different companies in the State." The association holds 



V 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



its meetings annually at various places in the State, and as often publish their pro- 
ceedings in pamphlet form. 

STATE BOARD OP PUBLIC HEALTH. 

This board was established in 1873, and consists of seven members, appointed 
by the Governor, the Secretary ex officio, a member and principal executive officer. 
It is tjie duty of this board to make sanitary investigations and inquiries respecting 
the causes of disease, especially of epidemics; the causes of mortality, and the 
effects of localities, employments, conditions, ingesta, habits and circumstances on 
the health of the people ; to advise other officers in regard to the location, drain- 
age, water supply, disposal of excreta, heating and ventilation of any public build- 
ing ; and also to advise all local health officers concerning their duties, and to 
recommend standard works from time to time on hygiene for the use of public 
schools. The secretary is required' to collect information concerning vital statistics, 
knowledge respecting diseases, and all useful information on the subject of hygiene, 
and through an annual report, and otherwise, as the board may direct, to dissem- 
inate such information among the people. These interesting duties have been 
performed by Dr. Henry B. Baker from the organization of the board to the present 
time. The board meets quarterly at Lansing. 



CHAPTER IX. 

MICHIGAN AND ITS RESOURCES. 

The pig metal produced by the upper peninsula furnaces during the year 1880 
had an approximate market value of $1,941,000 and the whole of the total output of 
the Lake Superior iron mines for that year was about $19,500,000. The aggregate 
product of these furnaces and mines between the date of the Jackson discovery 
and the close of the last calendar year was more than $118,000,000. The product 
of 1881 promises to exceed $20,000,000 in value. 

THE IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRIES. 

In what are called the iron and steel industries — including in these terms 
furnaces, rolling mills, steel-works, forges and bloomaries, and excluding mines — 
Michigan ranked as the eighth State in 1880 according to the figures collected for 
the United States census of that 3^ear. It was surpassed by Pennsylvania, Ohio, 
New York, Illinois, New Jersey, Wisconsin and West Virginia. Its increase in this 
production from 1870 to 1880 was sixty-five per cent., and the totals of the returns 
for 1880 were as follows : 



At-— *- 



HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 



Number of establishments. _ 22 

Amount of capital invested $ 4,175,386 

Numberof employ 6s 3,089 

Total of wages paid to employes in iSSo $922,597 

Value of materials used in 1880 $3,279420 

Value of the total product of 18S0 $4,591,613 

Weight of the product of 1880 (in net tons) 142.716 

Weight of the product of 1879 (in net tons) 86,679 

THE COPPER PRODUCT. 

At the close of 1880 the Lake Superior copper districts had produced $301,654 
tons of refined copper valued at 8142,616,137. The total output of that year was 
24,869 tons valued at $9,947,673, which was taken from thirty mines. The pro- 
duction of 1881 will surpass that of any previous year. A paragraph which 
appeared in an upper peninsula newspaper stating that " the net earnings of the 
Lake Superior copper mines for the first half of the year 1881 exceed those of any 
precious metal mining state or territory in the Union," was submitted for verifica- 
cation to Eastern mining authorities, and elicited in reply the following statement, 
fully substantiating tlie assertion of the newspaper relerred to. The figures given 
show the net earnings of the gold, silver and copper mines of the States and terri- 
tories embraced in them for the first six months of 1881 : 

California $ 998,000 

Nevada ,. 791,250 

Utah 375,000 

Arizona 900,000 

Dakota 560,000 

Colorado 962,000 

Montana - 240,000 

Georgia . 8,000 

Michigan... 1,410,000 

Total $6,244,250 

THE PRODUCTS OF A YEAR. 

The natural products of the State in 1879 — the latest year concerning which 
statistics are complete — were estimated by Gov. Jerome in his message to the leg- 
islature at the beginning of 1881, to amount to a valuation of nearly $170,000,000, 
made up of the following items : 

Agricultural products $88, 500,000 

Timber 60,000,000 

Copper 8,000,000 

Iron 10,000,000 

Salt 2,000,000 

Fish 1,000,000 



"f 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



MICHIGAN CKOPS FOE 1881. 

Returns received from 913 correspondents, located in 664 townships in Decem- 
ber. 1881, show the estimated acreage and condition of wheat sowed in 1881 as 
compared with 1880, the estimated yield in 1881 of corn, clover seed, and potatoes, 
and tlie condition (as regards flesh) of cattle and sheep on Dec. 1, as compared 
with Dec. 1, 1880. The estimates show that the present acreage sown in 1880 by 
two per cent , and in tlie counties north of the southern tiers by six per cent., indi- 
cating a probable acreage in the State of about 1,834,529 acres. The condition 
Dec. 1 in the southern four tiers of counties was about 132 per cent., and in the 
northern counties about 117 per cent., of the condition Dec. 1, 1880. This excel- 
lent showing is supplemented in numerous instances by statements that the wheat 
presents an unusually fine appearance, having started well and obtained large 
growth. The white grub and Hessian fly are reported present in various localities, 
but while they undoubtedly did injure individual fields, the repo^-ts do 
not indicate that their ravages noticeably affected the aggregate product of the 
State. Wheat seldom, if ever, has gone into the Winter in better condition than this 
year. 

The yield of corn in 1881 is estimated at 40,460,901 bushels of ears, or about 
20,230,450 bushels of shelled corn. Tliese figures are based on the acreage as esti- 
mated in September, and the yield per acre as estimated in December. At tlie date 
of making the reports but a small portion of the clover seed had been hulled, and 
correspondents in the counties in the southern part of the State, and in Grand 
Traverse and Newaygo counties in the northern section, report the clover seed 
greatly damaged by the wet weather, many fields being entirely ruined. Some of 
them estimate one-fourth of the crop destroyed. One correspondent in Cass 
reported fifteen per cent, rotting in the fields, and another thinks not a bushel will 
be saved in liis township. 

Tiie yield of potatoes is estimated at fifty-five bushels per acre in the southern 
and 109 bushels in the northern counties. 

The average condition (as regards flesh) of cattle in the southern four tiers of 
counties is about the same, and of sheep two per cent, better, wiiile in tlie northern 
counties tlie average of each is about seven per cent, better than on Dec. 1, 
1880. 

The following statement shows the Population for 1880, Number of Acres of 
Land Assessed in 1881, Aggregate of Real and Personal Estate as Assessed in 1881, 
Aggregate of Real and Personal Estate as Equalized by Boards of Supervisors for 
1881, Amount Added or Deducted by State Board of Equalization, Aggregate of 
Real and Personal Estate as Equalized by State Board of Equalization for 
1881: 

9 



K* 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



COUNTIES. 



i Aggregate of Real 
and Personal 
Estate, as As- 
sessed iu 1881. 



Aggregate of Real 
and Personal 
Estate, as 
Equalized by 



LHiount Added or 
Uedcicted by State 
Board of Equali- 



AgeregateofReal 
and Personal 
Estate as Equal- 
ized by .State 
Board of Equal- 
lization for 1881. 



Cliarlevoi 
Cbeboyga 
Chippewa 



On 



lago 



Oseeola. 

(isoo.la 

(itsego 

Pivsqi'ii-isie 
siiiiilac- .!'.'.'. 



Tus 



epb. 



Waslili^na 
Waviir.... 
Wixford., 

Total ... 



3.107 
37,806 
8.789 
5.a37 
1,804 
25,319 
38,081 
3.433 
3B.780 
a7,941 
38.4.'j!J 
aa.OOB 
5,114 
t),5S4 
5,a43 
4.187 
27,534 
1.159 
B,812 
31, 223 
B,t)40 
39,219 
1.127 
8,422 
21.937 
.32,726 
22,473 
20,089 
33,B7- 
33,872 



42,031 
34,342 

2,9;: 

73.252 
4.270 
3.233 
30,138 
B.2d3 
48.348 
22,251 
2,902 
31,B27 
12,533 
1,334 
25,393 
10,063 
13,973 
11.988 
6.894 
1.553 
33,623 
33,148 

"26,586 

14,688 

41,537 

11,699 

1,914 

2.565 

10,777 

467 

1,974 

33.125 

3.113 

1,469 

59,095 

26,341 

1,575 

27,059 

4B,197 

26.626 

25,739 

30.B07 

41.848 



1,636,336 29,306,820,20 



$ 2.492,537,00 
9.652,330.00 
3.016.5U8.50 
2,162,872.11 
639,656.00 
11.332.459.00 
12.901. 1S3. 00 
1.205.586.00 
12.91K.4:i4.00 
10,261.965.09 
19,527.765.00 
13.667.602.00 
1,631,271.00 
2.761. 83V1.00 
1,558.071.00 
2,377,681.00 
16.631.293.00 
935,244.05 

" "l2.'562,'796.o6 ' 
825,893.01) 
19,166.661.00 
1.022.900.00 
2,439 964.00 
7.126,921.00 
17.912.619.00 
1.619,589.00 
4,661.982.00 



8.872.448.00 
18.901.030.00 

2.475.991.62 

18,016 252.00 

619.263.13 

1.921.i.r4l 
12,136,604.00 



12.355.417.00 
1,403.953.' 

16.010.686. ( 
1,686,782.00 

3.'i2i"480.b'6 ' 

3.166.244.80 

2,868.075.80 

1,757.862.25 

2.113.221.00 

1.519.658.44 

14,952.990.00 

9,366,171.00 

1.211,247.00 

3,586,559.00 

2.508,083.00 

24.432.277.00 

1.736,393.00 

905,693.01 

1,414.972.00 

1,897.220.00 

749,468.00 

1.102.548.00 

6,833.087.00 

1.029.825.99 

1,176.732.14 

20,914.101.00 

3.899,273.00 

2,481.034.41 

11.937,044.00 

13,653.363.00 

15,994,663.00 

7,712,647.00 

12.697.438.00 

29,024,665.00 

110,693,130.00 

1,935,864.00 

S669,344.2'8"3.55 



1,021.494.00 
13.0141,937.00 
10.155,1)110,011 



Add 
Add 
Add 
Add 



12,000.000.001 Add 

836.393.00 Add 

19,115,427.71 Add 

1.059,095.00 Aild 



9,25.5,301.00 
19,084,537,00 

2,480,307.00 
18,013.210.00 



1,537,558.44 Add 
15,213,276.60 Add 
8.490,000.00 Add 



3,9l)l..2,)4.UU 
■ 1.934,705.00 
11.010.000.00 
11.141.078.00 
16.103,848.00 



,Vdd 
Add 
Add 
A(U1 



S 7.473.00 

4,196.600.00 

600,000.011 

262,317.76 

660,344,00 

1,694.709.00 

7,000,000.00 

478.606.00 

1.958.063.00 



.345 



4,000,000.00 
1,163.607.00 
1,884,572.29 

140,90; 

474, 1-;.- 



ssii, II 1,1 

5, 057^800. liO 

1,069,249.00 

838,000.00 

900.000.00 

100,000.00 

17,744,699.00 

3,915,463.00 



978,442.00 
692,780.00 
250.632.00 



565,295.00 
2.490,000.00 
3.858.922.00 
1,896,152.00 



t 2.,500,000.00 
13.600,000.00 
3,100.000.00 
2,600.000.00 
1.300,000.00 
18.000.000.00 
18,000.000.00 
1.500.000. 00 
16.000,000,00 
1.00 



24,: 



.00 



$654,005,885,421 



2.0110.01)0.00 
2.500.000.00 

16.000.000.00 
1.200.000.00 
2.500,000.00 

16.0IIO.()0(l.OO 
2.0IHI,UOO.IIO 



7,000.000.00 
21.000.000.00 
2.500.000.00 
5.000,000.00 



4,000.000,00 

1011.000.00 
27,OOI),01IO.OO 
23.0110,000.00 

2,500.000.00 

33.000.000.00 

800.000.00 

2.000.000.00 
13.000,000.00 

1.000.000.00 
27.500.000.00 
15.000.000.00 

2.600,000.00 
15,000,000.00 

3.500,000.00 
250,000.00 

6,000,000.00 



2.500.000.00 



l..Mrii.iHlll.0O 
2,0011.1100,00 
2.500.000.00 
1.0110.000.00 
1.500,000,00 
8.500.000.00 
1.250,000.00 
1.600.000.00 
25.000.000.00 
5.000.000.00 
2,500,000.00 
18,500,000.00 
15.000,000.00 
18,000,000.00 
H.llllO.IIOO.OO 



$810,000,000.00 



r 



ih^ 



HISTORY OF ^lACOMB COUNTY. 



THE VESSEL INTEREST. 

According to the tonnage statistics of the United States for the date of June 
30, 1880 (as given in tlie American almanac for 1881), not one of the States located 
away from the ocean coast equals Michigan in the number of vessels owned by its 
citizens or in their aggregate tonnage. The exact figures are given in this table : 

State. No. of Total 

vessels. tonnage. 

Michigan _ 979 162, ig6 

Illinois 459 86,634 

Wisconsin _-_ 383 74.083 

Ohio 485 139.509 

Missouri- _ 319 141.975 

Michigan also surpasses, in this respect, the seaboard States of Connecticut, 
New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Oregon, and all the cotton and gulf States, 
while it far outstrips in tonnage both Virginia and Maryland, although surpassed 
by them in the number of vessels. It exceeds California in the number of its 
vessels, but not in the tonnage total. The coast line of Michigan is only surpassed 
by that of Florida, and it has ports upon four of the great lakes. Its coasting 
traides exceedingly valuable, and its vessel interest represents much capital and 
nterprise, and deserves an important place in a catalogue of its sources of employ- 
ment for labor. In this connection the fact should be mentioned that ship yards 
are located at Detroit, Wyandotte, Port Huron, Bay City, Marine City, St. Clair, 
Grand Haven and other shore towns and ports. 

THE GROWTH OF FORTY YEARS. 

A subject of such vital interest demands the first attention of every agricul- 
tural society and every agriculturist in the State, and to present at a glance the 
growth and magnitude of the industry, we have prepared from authentic sources, a 
little table showing the acreage, the yield per acre, when possible, and the aggre- 
gate bushels grown at intervals for the last forty j^ears : 

Years. Acres. Yield per Acre. Bushels. 

1839 — 2,157,100 

1849 492,580 10 4,925,800 

1S53 473.451 15 --- 71I28.104 

1859 — 8,313,200 

1S63 843,881 II>^ 9,688,672, 

1869 16,295,772 

1873 1,134,484 13 3-5 15,456,202 

1876 1,223,212 --I3ji ..16,885,179 

1877 1,312,352 18 23.793.039 

187S 1,523,841.. 18 28,000,000 



i ^ 



132 HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



LEADING THE VAN. 

Out of tlie nine wheat States which outranked Micliigan in 1840, she has out- 
stripped all but Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, while Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and 
California have, within the last few years, shot forward into the front rank. Cora- 
pared with these great States, the Lower Peninsula surpasses them all save Indi- 
ana, area for area, in wheat production, and were it possible to compare the pro- 
portion of land under cultivation in the two States, there can be no doubt but it 
would surpass Indiana, also. The State motto might well read : " If vou seek the 
American wheat peninsula, look around you." 

The table also reveals the surprising fact that while the aggregate product of 
wheat in Michigan has doubled about every ten years, the average yield per acre 
has increased from ten bushels, in 1849, to eighteen bushels, in 1877. The causes 
for this most gratifying result are not far to seek. It is due to the greater care of 
farmers in selecting seed ; to the introduction of new varieties, such as the Claw- 
son, which yields better than its predecessors ; to irajDroved machinery and methods 
of drilling and harvesting ; and to an increase of live stock, and consequent increase 
of fertilization. Tlie increase in the aggregate is due mainly, to the rapid settle- 
ment and clearing up of the country, and tliere is no reason to sujipose that the 
increase will be seriously checked until the millions of acres of wild lands are 
finally brought under cultivation. What the limit will be, must be left to conjec- 
ture. 




•Fls — «^ 



J^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



CHAPTER X. 

INTRODUCTION. 

He who would deserve a place in the memory of posterity, must collate and 
preserve the history of the acts and times of his ancestors. It is the duty of Jus- 
tice to hand down the Past and Present to the people of the Future. It is the 
duty of the Present to commemorate the Past, to perpetuate the names of the 
pioneers, to furnish a record of their early settlement, — to relate the story of their 
progress. The civilization of our day, the enlightenment of the age, and the 
solemn bond which binds us to our ancestry, demand that a record of tlieir lives 
and deeds should be made. In local history is found a power to instruct man by 
precedent, to enliven the mental faculties, and to waft down the river of time, a 
safe vessel, in which the names and actions of the people, who contributed to 
raise this country from its primitive state, may be preserved. Surely and rapidly, 
the great old men, who in their prime entered the wildernesses of this Peninsula, 
and claimed the virgin soil as their heritage, are passing to their graves. The 
number remaining, who can relate the history of the first days of settlement, is 
becoming small indeed, so that an actual necessity exists for the collection and pre- 
servation of historical matter without delay. Not only is it of the greatest 
importance to render the history of the pioneer times full and accurate ; but it 
is almost equally essential that the history of the county from the earliest times, 
down to our own day, should be treated through its various phases, so that a record, 
complete and impartial, may be handed down to the future. If this information 
is not now collated and compiled in historical form, the generations of the future will 
be called upon to expend large sums of money in research and exploration. The 
present — the iron age of progress — is reviewed, standing out in bold relief over 
the quiet, unostentatious olden times ; it is a brilliant record which shall live as 
long as language lives. 

' The good works of men, their magnificent enterprises, their lives, whether com- 
mercial or military, do not sink into oblivion ; but, on the contrary, grow brighter 
with age, and contribute to build up a record, destined to carry with it precedents 
and principles, that will be advanced and observed, when the acts of soulless men 
sliall be forgotten, and their names like themselves end in their graves. History 



te^ 



jjs 



134 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



entwines itself with the names of the notorious as well as with those of the illus- 
trious, whenever the former are held up for the scorn, and the latter for the admira- 
tion of men, — there, the pen of impartiality may be traced ; for never yet was the 
writer true to his conscience or to his country who clothed the wolf in the fleece 
of the lamb, or who, by sophistry, painted a coward as a hero. 

In the pages devoted to the history of Macomb County, the useful man and 
his work will have that prominence, to which his physical and moral courage 
entitle him. It is a necessity that the names of such men sliould be transmitted ; 
because many of them, whose lives made material for this work, have passed 
into eternity ; others stand on the brink of tlie grave. Tiiose who have joined 
the majority, as well as these who are soon to visit the Better Land, have done 
good service, claiming as their reward here, the only boon, that their children and 
children's children sliould be reminded of their fidelity, and jarofit by their 
examples. 

To give effect to this laudable desire is the aim of the writer. Turning over 
the records of the count)'', nothing of moment has been left unnoticed. Beyond 
the period, over which the records extend, all that is legendary has been examined 
and utilized. Although the Old Settlers and their children extended a full co- 
operation, the work necessitated the most earnest labor on the part of the writer 
and his assistants. Success waited on such labor, with the result of bringing 
forth from their hiding-places many valuable papers, upon which to base a just 
account of early times. Many of the surviving old settlers were interviewed, and 
from their reminiscences of olden times, a good deal of all that is historically valu- 
able, in these pages, was selected. 

The reader must remember that the general histori/ of the county does not em- 
brace every historical event. Nothing has found a place in this very important 
section of the work, which did not possess a character of generalization. Begin- 
ning with the history of geological formations, archaeological discoveries, meteoro- 
logical phenomena, zoological representatives, and physical characteristics, this 
chapter is succeeded by a full account of Indian and pioneer days, American settle- 
ment, together with a number of chapters, each one complete and most important 
in itself. 

The general history is followed by the chapters devoted to township and village 
history, each chapter forming a complete historical and historia-biographical sketch 
of a township, city or village. No effort has been spared to render this portion 
of the work reliable as well as interesting. 

Unlike the history of the State, County, Townships and Villages, biography is 
the work of many men, whose notes were ti-anscribed, retranscribed, and very gen- 
erally submitted to the persons concerned, for revision or correction ; so that if 



VAs r- 



^^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



literary errors occur, it must be credited to the person, who gave the biographical 
sketch in the first instance. The irrepressihle ti/pos often make grave errors which 
no foresight can set aside ; therefore if typographical errors do appear, let justice 
guide the critic to sympathize with the children at the typo's case, — whose art 
doth move the world. Deal lightly with their excesses. 

GEOLOGICAL CONFORMATIONS. 

In tracing the geological history of the county, it will be only necessary to 
revert to the era when the accumulated sediments of the ocean were beino' formed 
into masses of rock. Geology teaches that the continents of tlie world were once 
beneath the ocean, even as Scripture implies that a sea of mud, resembling in sub- 
stance a South African river, was arranged by an Almighty hand, and the liquid 
sepa]-ated from the solids contained therein. The inequalities in the ocean bed, 
corresponding with the hills and valleys of our land, point out the truths of geo- 
logical science. The recent deep-sea soundings reveal mountains and hills, valleys, 
and table-lands. The greatest depth reached was over 29,000 feet, which exceeds 
the height of the loftiest peak of the Himalayas. Some of the mountains," spring- 
ing from the bed of the ocean, are steeper and more abrupt than any on the face of 
the earth. In the Irish Sea and British Channel the depth changes, within a radius 
of ten miles, from 600 to 12,000 feet ; and it is very common, within a few miles of 
our coasts and islands, for the depth of the waters to change suddenly from a few 
hundred to many thousand feet. In otlier cases, as in the bed of the Atlantic 
between Spain and the United States, there are plateaux extending hundreds of 
miles, with very slight undulations. The mysterious race that once occupied this 
continent may have sailed in galleons over this peninsula of Michigan, and sounded 
the depth of the waters which rose above it, in precisely the same manner as the 
mariners of our day cast the sounding line into our great lakes and the oceans. 

It may be concluded that the State which we inhabit was totally submerged 
at the beginning of the carboniferous period. At the close of that epoch, a great up- 
heaval of sea bottom formed a line of solid earth across the southern counties of 
Michigan, which extended to an older and wider formation in Southern Ohio. The 
land comprised in the original county of Macomb continued submerged for ages ; 
but by degrees the southern belt rose higher, spread out toward the northern con- 
tinent, and actually approached the condition of dry land at the beginning of the 
coal-deposit era. At this time lakes Micliigan, Huron, Ontario and Erie were not 
in existence, their centers forming the channel of a great river, with expansions at 
intervals. This torrent swept over this now prosperous district of Michigan. The 
great geological age — the Mesozoic — dates from this time. It was marked by ac- 
tivity in the animal and vegetable kingdoms, by mild climates, and myriads of rep- 
tiles, which swarmed in rivers and over lands. 



Vl® 



HISTORY OF :\IACOMB COUNTY. 



The Tertiary period succeeded the Mesozoic. It was the age of beautifid 
climates, and high development of mammals. Animals, greater than the mastodon, 
roamed over the land, through magnificent forests, meeting their enemy — man, and 
ultimately falling beneath his repeated attacks. 

The glaciers came to desti'oy all this gigantic beauty ; the snow and ice came 
on, burying all nature in their whitness, and robbing the land itself of life. It was 
the beginning of the Glacial period, the duration of -which is lost in mystery. 
Were it possible to ignore the existence of a Divine Architect, and his action in 
forming the earth we inhabit, the continuance of the Ice Age might be set down 
at 2,000 years. There is no intention, however, to ignore the Omnipotent, and, 
therefore, what bears the impress of being the work of 2,000 years, might have 
been compassed in a moment. 

Spiing time came, and under the influence of its season the sea of ice which 
covered land and water to a depth of .5,000 feet began to break up, to dissolve, 
when the solids held within its grasp fell down and formed a bed of rocky frag- 
ments or boulder drift. This rocky conformation must not be confounded with the 
partial drift of after years, evidences of which are given in many sections of our 
county. 

SUPERFICIAL MATERIALS. 

Abundant evidences are furnished along the shores of St. Clair Lake and river 
as well as those of Lake Huron, of the unbroken continuity of the action of those 
physical forces, which have assorted and transported the materials of the Drift. 
From the shingle beach formed by the violence of the last gale, we trace a series, of 
beaches and terraces, gradually rising as we recede from the shore, and becoming 
more and more covered with the lichens and mould and forest growths which de- 
note antiquity, until in some cases the phenomena of shore action blend with the 
features which characterize the Glacial Diift. These observations tally with the 
views of Pictet on the continuity of the Diluvian and Modern Epochs, as established 
b}^ paliBontological evidences. So also may we behold evidences of the disintegra- 
tion of strata, which formerly existed in this very county — we may see every day 
the comminuted materials lying around us in all directions. The uses of these 
cobbles are known wherever a pavement is necessary ; while on the land they keep 
it warm as it were, and aid in the growth of grain crops. These remnants of com- 
minution are principally rounded fragments of syenite, greenstone, vitreous and 
jasperous sandstones, horn-rock, talcase and of the serpentinous rocks of the azoic 
series. Here are the rocks overspread with blue clay, plutonic boulders and 
pebbles. There is a curious rock on the farm of Edwin Lamb in Washington Town- 
ship. It consisted of ordinary cobble stones bound together by a kind of water 
lime cement. Some years ago it was examined l)y Wm. A. Burt, who gave it as 






L 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUXIY. 



liis opinion that it had been brought here from northern Michigan on a cake of ice 
at a time when all the county was covered by the waters of Lake St. Clair. In 
other places those rude materials are often arranged in rude courses, which have a 
curved dip, and appear outcropping on the hill-sides and sometimes upon the plains. 
Tlie outcrop is very irregular in this county. In the deep borings for brine, as well 
as in the shallow surface water-reservoirs, these boulders and pebbles have been 
found. Again entire fields bear them upon the surface, or so near the surface that 
each successive plowing brings them more prominently into view. In some places 
a field is found bearing nine and twelve cobble stones on every square foot of its 
surface ; such fields are generally very productive, the onlj^ fault being in the 
difficult}^ of plowing them. 

There is a thin series of argillaceous magnesian limestones and marls, embracing 
beds and masses of gypsum, and, in some regions, strata of liock Salt is known as 
the Salina. It is the lowest stratified rock known in the Lower Peninsula. Its 
belt of outcrop stretches across the point of land north of Mackinac, from Little 
Point au Ciiene to the vicinity of the mouth of Carp River, and close to the shore 
from that point to West Moran Bay. Tlie formation, with the characteristic 
gypsum, is seen beneath the water surface at the little St. Martin Island, and at 
Goose Island near Mackinac. Dipping beneath the Lower Peninsula, it re-appears 
in Monroe Count}' wliere it has been exposed in some of the deepest quarries. In the 
well-borings at Mt. Clemens, as well as at Alpena and Caseville, this formation has 
l)een reached, and near Sandusky, Ohio, it affords valuable gypsum deposits. At 
Mt. Clemens the Salt Rock was not reached, though at Alpena and Caseville a 
thick bed of such rock was penetrated, doubtless similar, or rather equivalent to 
tlie beds at Goderich in Canada. 

The total thickness of this formation is a matter of speculation, but is supposed 
to be fifty or sixty feet in depth above the Salt Rock. The stratification based on 
information obtained from the measurement of remote outcrops of the group, may 
be placed as follows : 

Calcareous clay as seen at Bois Blanc. Fine ash-colored limestone, with 
acicular crystals, as at Ida, Otter Creek and Plum Creek quarries, and at Mackinac, 
Round and Bois Blanc Island. Variegated gypseous marls, with imbedded masses 
of gypsum, as at Little Point au Chene and the St. Martin Islands. 

A group of argillaceous and magnesian limestones outcrop along the western 
shore of Lake Erie, and exists beneath the surface in the counties bordering on the 
lake and river St. Clair. It consists of an aigillaceous, chocolate-colored, magne- 
sian limestone in regular layers, each layer from four to eight inches thick. This 
conformation seems to correspond with the tvaterlime formation of New York. 

The formation known as corniferous litnestone, is very general in masses of 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



horn-stone. The dark color of the rock is imparted by the presence of bituminous 
matter, which often shows itself in the thin partings between the strata. Petroleum 
saturates the formation, and as the bitumen colors the rock, so does the petroleum 
bestow on it its peculiar odor, often oozing from the crevices, and showing itself on 
the streams in the vicinity. 

The black shale at the bottom of the argillaceous strata known as the Huron 
group, is about 20 feet thick, sometimes laminated and fissile. This shale has 
doubtless been pierced in the borings at Mt. Clemens, as it is known to exist in St. 
Clair, and counties adjoining Macomb. The shale resembles coal, and when placed 
in a stove or grate gives a blaze resembling that of coal. 

We also find here a species of shales more arenaceous than the black shale, 
which, to use the language of geology, terminate in a sei-ies of laminated, argilla- 
ceous, micaceous, friable sandstone, which pass into the Waverly group. 

The Black Shale hitherto regarded holds an important place in the stratifica- 
tion of this county, particularly on its southern borders. It appears that about the 
year 1858, F. P. Boutellier undertook the boring of a well in Greenfield township 
in the county of Wayne. The earth was penetrated beneath a saw-mill, then in 
operation. The drill having passed through the clay and subjacent rock, entered 
the blue-black shale, which it passed through at a depth of seventy or eighty feet. 
At this moment the iron was wrested from the hands of the laborers as if by some 
supernatural power. This phenomena was followed by a violent escape of gas, 
and an upheaval of water and sand. 

The stream of fetid gas became ignited in some manner, and formed a fiery 
column, reaching to the roof of the mill. All efforts to extinguish the blaze 
proved utterly futile, the burning roof of the building had to be removed, and a 
furnace pipe placed over the boring to guide the terrific flame. This last act in the 
drama of that well boring had the effect of extinguishing the fire. Boutellier, it 
need scarcely be said, was happy for this denouement ; yet he took precautions 
against the recurrence of such an eruption, by filling up the boring with pebbles, 
and clay, and i-efusing permission to have such an experiment repeated. In Ster- 
ling township one of such wells created a sensation some time ago. 

Throughout Wayne, Macomb and St. Clair counties there are evidences of the 
existence of gas fountains, if not actual oil reservoirs. This fetid gas was undoubt- 
edly the product of distilled petroleum lying below the gas fountain in a similar 
position to the oil reservoirs of Petrolia and Oil Springs in Canada. 

GAS WELLS. 

On the grounds of Geo. C. Walker at New Baltimore is a gas well, which gives 
up sufiicient gas to light his residence. It is his intention to utilize this light-mak- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ing stream, by guiding it into the cookery and throughout the house. The well is 
only 56 feet in depth. 

About the same time that Mr. Walker bored this well three other persons in 
the village engaged in a like enterprise, and struck the same gaseous vein. It is 
stated that about the year 1850 the existence of natural gas, at this point, was no- 
ticed by many of the villagers. Below the Hathaway warehouse bul)bles were ob- 
served on the surface of the water, while a closer inspection pointed out the fact 
that some submarine power agitated the sand below the water, raising it up in cones 
and then scattering it around. 

SUBTERRANEAN CHANNELS. 

In consequence of the changes to which the various strata of the county has 
been subjected, the waters have carved for themselves, even within our own time, 
a passage through it, and find their way to the lower lakes throngli subterraneous 
rivulets, causing the diminution of, and sometimes the total disappearance of ponds 
and creeks. This, doubtless, is to-day operating against our rivers, and accounts 
for the visible reduction of the volume of water, compared with that which marked 
them in Territorial days. This diminution is partly attributed to increased evapo- 
ration, consequent upon the removal of the forests. 

In the same way we must account for the reports of public officers in the olden 
times — one reports the Huron River navigable for thirty miles ; the other reports 
the hrine obtained from the springs of the civil district of Huron capable of yield- 
ing 25 per cent, of solid saline matter. 

WATER RESERVOIRS. 

The small bodies of water or lakelets with which certain portions of Macomb 
County are diversified, rest in depressions shaped in the layer of modified drift. 
The remarkable group of water fountains in the northwestern township of the 
county, together with those in the northeastern part of Oakland, continues through 
Livingston, Washtenaw, and onwards to the lakes of Grattan in Kent County. 
They are particularly scattered along the scarcely descending banks of the Huron 
of Lake St. Clair, or the Clinton and its tributaries, and are strung like beads along 
these streams, many of them, probably, the ancient work of beavers. 

The lakelets of Macomb County, as of the Lower Peninsula in general, are 
surrounded by gravelly, elevated shores on two or three sides, with frequently a low, 
marshy border fringing the remainder of the contour. As the streams which feed 
them are clear, the water of the lakes is limpid and healthful, tliough of the char- 
acter known as hard. They furnish, therefore, charming places of Summer resort. 
The same species of fish and molluscs inhabit the different lakelets of the county, 
however disconnected. This fact presents an interesting and difficult problem to 



-fT 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the investigator of the origin of species. The most natural inference is. that at a 
former period a general S3'stem of water communication existed among the various 
bodies of water in this part of the Peninsula, and at tliis time one fauna extended 
through all its limits. A similar problem, but of a larger magnitude, is presented 
by the similar faunas inhabiting different rivers and lake systems, and especial)}' 
wlien the different systems discharge into the sea at different points, and their 
jiigher sources, as well as their valleys of discharge, are separated bj' elevations too 
great to admit the hypothesis of a general fresh-water inundation in former times. 

It requires but casual observation to become convinced that nearly all these 
lakelets have formerly been of larger size. The shore upon one or more sides is 
frequently low and sedgy, and stretclies back over an expanse of marsh and allu- 
vial land to a sloping, gravelly bank, which appears to have been the ancient con- 
tour of the lake or river expansion. The lowland between the ancient shore and 
the modern is composed of a bed of peat, genei'ally underlaid by a bed of marl. 
Beneath the marl may be found, in many cases, a deposit of blue, plastic clay, which 
forms a transition to the layer of modified drift before described. Each of these 
deposits may have a thickness of a few inches or more, up to ten or twenty feet. 
That all these formations have been laid down from the flooded or Ciiamplain 
Period is evident : first, from their superposition on the modified drift ; second, 
from tlie fact that the lake is performing in our own times the same work as we see 
completed in the low-border marsh ; third, from the gradual extension of many 
lake-border marshes, and the corresponding diminution of the areas of the lakes. 

The calcareous character of the water of tliese lakelets makes them a fitting 
abode for numerous species of lime-secreting molluscs. These animals eliminate 
ti]e lime from the water and build it into the structure of their shells. Finally the 
mollusc dies and its shell falls to the bottom, where it undergoes disintegration into 
a white powder, or becomes buried in the progressing accumulation of such mate- 
rial. Another portion of the marly deposit forming in the bed of the lakes is 
probably derived from calcareous i^recipitation directly from the lake water. Thus 
a bed of marl is forming over the whole bottom of the lake, in situations sufficiently 
protected and shallow to serve as the abode of shell-making animals. But on the 
leeward side the immediate shore is the seat of a layer of peat. Bulrushes lift 
their heads through water one or two feet deep. A little nearer the shore flags 
may be seen, and still nearer scouring rushes. On the immediate border of the 
land willows and water-loving sedges hold a place, while further back other sedges 
and grasses take possession in varying j)roportions. This is the lee side of the 
lakes. Floating leaves, twigs, stems, therefore find their way among the lake-side 
growths, and becoming entangled, sink and fall into gradual decay. More than this, 
each autumn's crop of dead vegetation, produced round the borders of these lakes. 



V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



^u 



contributes to the accumulation of vegetable material, which gra dually changes 
into the condition of humus and j>eat. This is a work begun at the surface of the 
water. When this substance sinks, it overlies what the lake had hitherto accumu- 
lated. When the peat layer is first begun, the previous accumulation is marl, and 
hence the well-known order of superposition of these two deposits. The peat bed 
grows lakeward as the continued formation of marl shallows the water. In the 
course of time, the actual seat of operations becomes removed far from the ancient 
shore, and a broad marsh comes into existence, with peat everywhere at the surface 
and marl beneath. On the Benjamin Farm, just south of Romeo, this formation 
may be seen. The enterprise of the owner has not only rendered the lake site 
capable of high cultivation, but has also brought to light the surfaces as they were 
formed during the last thousand years. 



ANCIENT LAKE SITES. 



Almost the entire country may be considered an ancient lake site ; yet in a re- 
ference here, the writer wishes to deal with the ponds of the county, which, long 
years after the Champlain epoch, were large sheets of water. As many existing 
ponds have obviously been contracted from their ancient limits, so a little reflection 
makes it obvious that many lakes, once existing here, have become quite extinct 
through the completion of the process of filling up. It is probable that every 
marsh in the county marks the site of an ancient lake. Level as the surface of the 
water, which determined their limits and depth, not a few of them retain, at some 
point, vestiges of the lakes which they have displaced ; and others exhibit all trans- 
itions from a reeking and quaking bog to an alluvial meadow ; while in nearly all 
cases ditching discloses the peaty, marly and clayey materials, in the order in 
which, under lake action, they are accumulating before our eyes along actual lake 
borders. The absence of any marked, general inclination of the surface in our 
Peninsula, has made it the seat of an extraordinary number of small lakes, ancient 
and modern, and hence, also, a region of small local marshes. 

Some of these may be found on almost every section of land ; but the majority 
of them form meadow lands, or even tillable fields, and constitute the choicest 
patches in tlie farmers' possession. Many of these ancient lake sites, nevertheless, 
remain for the present notiiing but swamps, and demand resolute ditching for their 
thorough reclamation, as is evidenced by the old oranherry marsh so well remem- 
bered by the old settlers of Wayne, Macomb, and Oakland. 



MINERAL WATEllS. 



The salt springs of Macomb county result from an overflow of the great sali- 
ferous basin of the Peninsula. 



'bL, 



HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



Tiie wells at Mt. Clemens were bored upon the thinning-out edge of this 
basin, almost one degree of longitude south-east of the highest saturation point and 
at a place where' the brine would necessarily be diluted with surface water or with 
that of subteri'anean rivers. Consequently, the hritie of Mt. Clemens must be con- 
sidered separately from that so prized by salt manufacturers, for the reason that it 
is a medicinal mineral water, rather than a common salt brine. The difiSculties pre- 
sented by this water in the manufacture of common salt therefrom, are due to the 
large quantity of deliquescent salts of calcium and magnesium existing in connec- 
tion with the chloride of sodium ; but what it loses in this respect is more than 
compensated for by the large quantity of salts present, possessing, in connection 
with the sulphuretted hydrogen, a decided medicinal effect. Chief among the 
active ingredients, in addition to those mentioned is iodine, an agent whose value 
has long been recognized by the medical profession. 

THE SALT SPRING OF 1797. 

The S'alt Spring near the bank of Salt River in the vicinity of which the 
squatters of 1797 located, was considered by them a most valuable property. This 
spring appeared in the glen, close by the Plank Road Bridge of later days — four 
miles from the mouth of the river. In a report tendered to Tliomas Jefferson by 
Charles S. Jonett in 1804, this agent of the government makes the following state- 
ment: — "From experiments which have been made, I am justified in saying that 
this spring deserves the public attention, it was wrought sometime by a couple of 
men, who, owing to their want of capital, were incapal:)le of conducting the business 
on an advantageous plan. By these men I am assured that a quart of water did 
with them turn out a gill of salt, and in all their trials with greater quantities it 
never failed to produce a like proportion. Tiiere is a suflScient quantit}^ of water 
to supply works to any extent." 

From a report made by Douglass Houghton in 1838 to the Legislature, the 
analysis of the brine, said to be so rich in the saline properties, in the report of 
Jonett to Secretary Jefferson in 1804, was as follows : 

Analysis of hrine, sections two and eleven, Chesterfield. 



Specific gravity.- 1.0057 

Cliloride Sodium .0.549 

" Calcium 0.013 

" Magnesium 0.037 

Sulphate of Lime 0.015 



Sulphate of Magnesia _ 

Carbonate of Lime 0.014 

Compounds of Iron o.ooi 

Other Constituents 

Total solid matter .0.629 



MT. CLEMENS MAGNETIC WATERS. 



A committee appointed by the Northeastern Medical and Scientific Society 
reported very favorably of the waters produced by the Mt. Clemens mineral springs. 



t\±, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 143 

From an analysis made by Prof. Duffield in 1872, it is learned that the specific 
gravity at 60" Fahrenheit, is 1.129. The total amount of mineral matter per pint 
was 1417.6200, and the total amount of Chloride of Sodium per pint 1350.8498. 
The components were reported as follows : 

Name. Per Pint. Per Gallon. 

Sulphate Snda j 12.0700 96.5600 

Sulphate Lime - --- 5.4992 43.9936 

Chloride Sodium 1350.S498 10806.7984 

Chloride Calciutn. _ 26.9399 215.5120 

Chloride Magnesium 20.2400 161.9200 

Carbonate Lime.. - .6216 4.96S0 

Carbonate Magnesia a trace 

Silica and Alumina .1.4010 

Organic Matter .a trace 

Total Solids 141 7.6200 1 1 340.9600 

Sulphureted Hydrogen 3.41 cu. in. 

Carbonic Acid a trace 

Recent investigations show that Iodine, Potassium and Ammonia Salts are 
present, the former in quite considerable quantity, as compared with other mineral 
waters. A new analysis is contemplated by Prof. H. F. Myers, which, doubtless, 
will bring to light all the medicinal properties of these celebrated springs. Such 
an analysis is deemed expedient to show the present actual condition of the waters. 

The mineral water spring near Romeo, belonging to Mr. Dexter Mussey, which 
created some excitement early in 1874, claims the following analysis by Prof. 
Duffield: 

Sulphate of Calcium 4.8536 grs. to gal. 

Sulphate of Potass 01 1 3 

Sulphate of Magnesia 2.1345 

Carbonate of Magnesia 1. 6321 

Carbonate of Calcium - 3-9804 

Chloride of Sodium.. 0.0501 

Carbonate of Iron 0.0632 

Aluminium Oxide 0S30 

Silicium 1753 

Total amount of carbonic acid per gallon one and a half inches. 
The mineral well bored at Romeo, in 1881, gives promise of meeting the highest 
hopes of the citizens in regard thereto. The record of the boring is as follows : — 

THICKNESS. DESCRIPTIONS. 

40 Sand and gravel. 

70 Blue adhesive clay, with seams of quicksand, 
13 Light sand. 

123 Casing belled. 



V-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



THICKNESS. 11ESCRIPTI0NS. 

27 Shale-like material loose with seams of gravel. 
30 Light bluish rock floating, effervescing with acid. 

iSo 

Drill entered hard rock at 170 feet, which it pierced to 180 feet, when it entered a bufilish shale with 
minute disseminated mica scales, peculiar to the conftrmationof the Michigan salt group, differ- 
ing only in tlie fact that the shale seemed to be very soft, if not clayed. 
60 Frearstone rock. 

240 At this point the bituminous shale should be reached and the presence of inflammable gas felt. 
510 Soap stone, black shale. 

750 A bed of rock salt was reached. 

300 Blue shale or slate. 

250 Grindstone rock. 

70 Limestone. 

1370 Soft rock, rotten limestone — conliiiued to 1420 feet. 

50 

1420 Gas veins penetrated. 

125 Soft porous rock of a plastic character, impregnated with gas. 

1515 

1545 Total depth reached in feet. 

The original record of the boring shows simply 150 feet of sand and gravel 
forming the upper crust, resting on 80 feet of liglit floating rock, supported in turn 
by 60 feet of frearstone on which the reservoir rests. The 810 feet below the frear 
stone is simply credited with being a conformation of soap stone, black shale, and 
slate. At a depth of 750 a bed of rock-salt was reached, but the depth of this 
very important formation is not recorded. Below the slate a rock, named grind- 
stone in the record, was pierced to a deptli of 250 feet, resting on a bed of lime- 
stone 70 feet deep, and tliis, in turn, resting on 175 feet of soft, plastic rock. 

ANALYSIS. 

The analysis of water obtained from the mineral well at Romeo, made by 
chemist Lyon, of Detroit, for the committee in charge of the well, is as follows : — 

Special gravity at 60° F _ — 1.0037 

Calcium Sulphate 6.066 grains per wine gallon 7.2S1 Lnp. Gal. 

Carbonate. 12.774 " - 14899 

Magnesium. .554 " " ' " - .66g 

Iron .S92 ' " 1.070 " 

Magnesium Chloride.. 4.019 " " " "' 4.824 " 

Potassium .455 " " " " 5.466 " 

Sodium 2S3.957 " 340S34 

Sediment (debris of rock).. 170.73 " " " " .- — 

Carbonic acid (combined) 13.27 cu. in. " " " .- 15.92 " 

(free) 4.9 cu. in. " " " 5.87 " 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



As the work of pumping progresses the water shows signs of losing much of 
the sediment materials. 

The carbonated waters contain a quantity of soluble salts; the sulphur waters 
are of the most pronounced character, each impregnated with mineral substances, 
which must always render them of inestimable value to the people. It is said that 
tlie magnetic waters of the State are not themselves magnetic; but that marked 
magnetic phenomena are manifested in the vicinity ot the wells, arising through 
induction from the earth, without regard to the waters; yet experiments indicate a 
power of excitation of magnetism possessed by these waters. 



The fossil remains found in connection with the rocks of this county, and par- 
ticularly evident in the limestone strata, comprise the Lithostrotion mammillare, 
the L. longiconicum, the C^'athophyllum fungitis, and the Syringopore, all belong- 
ing to the polypi class. The only evidence of the Echinodermata is furnished by 
the remains of common species. The Bryoza class is represented in this lime-stone 
by no less than seven species ; the Brachiopoda by eighteen species ; the Lamelli- 
branchiata by six species ; the Trilobites by two very distinct species, each showing 
the tails. The remains of fish and reptiles are found to be very common. Human 
remains are unknown at present to exist in the conformations examined in Macomb. 

REVIEW OF PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS. 

The water courses of Macomb county are numerous and valuable. The leading 
stream, reported in early years to be navigable for thirty miles, is the most im- 
portant. Its waters are known throughout the entire district organized in 1818 
under the name of Macomb, now forming many prosperous counties of the State. 
This river was called ia Reviere Aux Murons by the early French missionary priests, 
on account of the peculiar character of the hair which marked the red men of the 
neighborhood. This liair stood out like the bristles of the wild boar, and suggested 
to the thoughtful travelers a new name for the inhabitants and their territory, 
which name it held until the Territorial Legislature deemed it proper, for con- 
venience, to confer on the river the name Clinton. 

The Clinton River enters the county at the southwest corner of Section 18, 
Shelby Township, flows through a very tortuous channel in a southeasterly course, 
past the village of Utica, to the line between Section 2-1 of Sterling and Section 19 
of Clinton, where it is joined by the waters of the South Branch, whence it pursues 
a seine-like course northeast to the confluence of the North Branch. At this point 
the channel is wide and deep, growing wider as it approaches the lake. The river 
may be said to form the natural boundary of the city of the future on the west, to 



j, ^^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



divide the north city of the present from the south city of the prospective, and 
thence flow through a deep and winding channel to the lake. 

The North Branch of the Clinton appears to rise everywhere in the county 
and far beyond its boundaries. Flowing southeast from Bruce, south from Ar- 
mada and Richmond, it is fed by numerous streams, it receives the waters of a 
dozen creeks, and joins the Middle Branch in Section 8 of Clinton. 

The Middle Branch is a domestic river. It has its head waters in Washington 
and Shelby Townships, with many feeders in that and the adjoining towns of 
Shelby and Ray. These feeders unite in Section 6, Macomb Township, and form 
the stream known as the Middle Branch, which forms a confluence witli tlie North 
Branch in Section 8 of Clinton, one-half mile west of the boundary of Mt. Clemens 
City. 

The South Branch, commonly called Red Run, is fed by Bear, Beaver, and 
Plum Creeks and other small streams. This river and its tributaries drain the 
towns of Sterling and Warren, and lead the surplus waters to the main stream, 
with which a confluence is formed in Section 19, Clinton. 

Belle River may be said to take its rise in the headwaters of Day Creek, Rich- 
mond Township. Although the main stream flows from the northwest of its con- 
fluence witli Day Creek, draining the country in the neighborhood of Memphis and 
Attica in Lapeer County, yet the river is unimportant until it receives the waters 
of the creek in Section 12, Richmond, whence it flows into the river St. Clair at 
Marine City. 

La Reviere du Lait, or Milk River, falls into the lake a half-mile nortli of the 
southern line of Erin township. 

Salt River rises near Richmond, flows south through Lenox, receives its main 
tributary in Section 2, Chesterfield, and enters the lake a few miles south of the 
ancient salt springs. 

The Reviere Aux Vasen and the Crapau fall into tlie lake in the neighborhood. 
The former rises in Cliesterfield, watering Sections 21, 20 and 28 in its course ; the 
latter has its headwaters in St. Clair County, enters Chesterfield in Section 12, flows 
through New Baltimore, and empties into the lake a little south of that village. 

The creeks commonly called Tuckar's and Ventre de Bceuf rise in Harrison 
Township and flow into the lake- Ambroise or Tremble Cr. and La Crique de 
Socier rise in the northern sections of Erin and flow into the lake. 

Together with the rivers, streams, and streamlets named, there are numerous 
rivulets coursing throughout every section of the county, each acting its silent part 
in contributing to the prosperity of the people. 

ARCU^OLOGICAL. 

Macomb County was the Paglgendamoivinaki or great cemetery of the abor- 



^ s r- 



.k 



HISTORY OP MAC0:MB COUNTY. 



igines. Along the Clinton and its tributaries many mounds were found by the 
early settlers, some few still exist, all offer interesting subjects to the antiquarian of 
the present time. From time to time the search among the bones of the dead is 
rewarded by the discovery of one or otiier of the many articles placed in the earth 
with the dead. The number of mounds, and character of human remains found in 
them, point out the district as the necropolis of an extinct race. Stone hatchets 
and flint arrow lieads, unnumbered skeletons, all remain to tell of their coming, 
their stay, of their rise and fall. 

The free copper found within the tumuli, the open veins of the Superior and 
Iron Mountain copper mines, with all the modus operandi of ancient mining, such 
as ladders, levers, chisels and hammer-heads, discovered by the French explorers 
of the Northwest and the Mississippi, are conclusive proofs that a prehistoric people 
were civilized, and that many flourishing colonies were spread throughout the new- 
ly-formed land. While yet the mammoth, the mastodon, and a hundred other 
animals, now only known by their gigantic fossil remains, guarded the eastern shore 
of the continent, as it were, against supposed invasions of the Tower Builders, who 
went west from Babel; while yet the beautiful isles of the Antilles formed an inte- 
gral portion of this continent, long years before the European Northman dreamed 
of setting forth on his voyage of discovery to Greenland, and certainly at a time 
when only a small portion of the American continent, north of latitude 45°, was 
reclaimed, in the midst of the great ice-encumbered waste, a prehistoric people 
lived and died upon the land which the American and French pioneers of Macomb 
rescued from its wilderness state. 

Within the last twentj' years, great advances have been made toward the dis- 
covery of antiquities, whether pertaining to remains of organic or inorganic nature. 
Together with many telling relics of the aboriginal inhabitants, the fossils of pre- 
historic animals have been unearthed from end to end of the county, and in districts 
too, long pronounced by geologists of some repute to be without even a vestige of 
vertebrate fossils. Among the collected souvenirs of an age, about which so very 
little is known, are single and ossified vertebrae, supposed to belong to the creta- 
ceous period, when the Dinosaur roamed over the country from east to west, deso- 
lating the villages of the people. This animal is said to have been sixty feet long, 
and when feeding in the pine forests was capable of extending himself eighty-five 
feet, so that he might devour the budding tops of those great trees. 

Other efforts of our antiquarians \x\a.y lead to great results, and culminate prob- 
ably in the discovery of a tablet, engraved by some learned Tower or Mound 
Builder, describing, in characters hieroglyphical, all those men and beasts whose 
history excites so much interest, and transform the speculative into certainty. The 
identity of the Mound Builders with the Mongolians, and the closer tie which 



^ 



r 



HISTORY OF 5IAC0MB COUNTY. 



bound the latter to tlie Egyptians might lead us to hope for such a consummation, 
miglit possibly result in proving that the Egyptian originally migrated from Cen- 
tral America, branched out toward China, and became the Mongolian, and in turn 
continued to travel eastward until the descendants of the first Americans returned 
to the cradle of their race, as set forth in an extract given in this work, from the 
writer's special paper on the Mound Builders. 

FORTS AND MOUNDS OF MACOMB. 

The so-called Indian forts and mounds situated upon the North Branch of 
Clinton River in Macomb County, have long been the subject of much speculation 
and interest. Two of the three forts are entirely leveled by the plow, and it is 
only from memory, aided by that mysterious personage known as the oldest in- 
habitant, that the geography and description can be obtained. 

Eighteen or twenty years ago the embankments were quite distinct. The first 
and, apparently, the most prominent of those forts, was situated upon the east 
bank of the North Branch of the Clinton, on the east line of the town of Bruce, 
three miles northeast of Rome. The branch is at this place about twenty feet wide, 
with a rapid current affording a constant supply of pure, cool water. The bank of 
the stream rises abruptly in a sort of bluff, some ten or twelve feet in height, and 
then is level to the fort some fifteen rods distant. 

A little stream comes down from the northwest and passes about twenty rods 
to the south of the fort. Between this stream and the fort was the burial-ground 
of the inhabitants. The fort itself was nearly regular, about 350 feet in diameter. 
The wall upon the north was curved less than a true circle. The walls before being 
leveled by the plow, were four or five feet high, and some eight feet thick at the 
base. 

If we take into consideration the length of time intervening between the build- 
ing of these walls and our earliest knowledge of them, and also the character of 
the soil of which they are composed — a loose gravel — we must conclude that they 
were at least double the height here given. The earth to form these walls was 
taken from the outside, and thus a deep and wide ditch was formed on all sides 
save a portion of the west, which was bounded by a marsh, covered by a tangle of 
water-vines and brush.* The openings, three in number, were about twenty feet 
wide, and just inside the open space of wall a mound was built entirely shutting off 
any view from the exterior. Tlie mounds were probably as higli as the walls tliem- 
selves and afforded a jjerfect shelter from objects projected from without. A supply 
of water for the use of a garrison in time of seige, could be obtained from a small 
lake within the enclosure. 

Between the fort and the small stream were situated a number of mounds or 



•^-^ 



-^ 



HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



graves, each circular, and each containing tlie skeleton of one person. Many of 
the mounds were opened, and the contents exhumed ; but an entire skeleton has 
never been found, the smaller bones having become decomposed. The skulls and 
larger bones of the extremities were often found to be of extreme size. The under 
jaw, in one instance, easily slipped over the face of the finder — over flesh and 
whiskers. The thigh bone when jilaced beside that of a living person would pro- 
trude considerably beyond it. Perhaps there were giants in those days ! 

There is a faint tradition, that the faithful dog of the Indian together with his 
gun and pipe, were buried with him for his pleasure and benefit in the Happy 
Hunting Grounds ; but if those were Indian graves the facts dispose the theory, as 
no such contents have been brought to light. Broken pieces of pottery were often 
and are still sometimes found in tlie cultivated fields adjoining the mounds ; and in 
one instance an entire dish was turned up by the plow. This was of the shape of 
the smaller half of an egg-shell, and would hold from twelve to fifteen gallons. It 
was surmounted by a rim or border which was ornamented by checks, cut in the 
clay. It had the appearance of having been dried in the sun, and soon fell to decay 
by the action of the atmosphere. Flint ai-row-heads and stone weapons are often 
found ; also amulets and other curious objects, the use of which it is difficult to con- 
jecture '.Of the mode of their manufacture it is vain to speculate. There are many 
of these specimens now in my possession, hard as adamant, and yet which have 
received and retained through all these years the most perfect polish, and are fault- 
less in shape. 

THE SECOND MOUND. 

Across the stream, some twenty rods to the south, was situated a large mound, 
surrounded by a number of smaller ones. Upon the summit of the larger one is 
still standing a large oak tree, which may have been planted there or gained its 
position by accident. It has been thought by some that a chief was buried there, 
standing with his back against the tree, and so the mound raised about him, 
and as members of his family died they were interred about him. Others 
have it that he was buried lying horizontal, and the tree planted at his head. 
The mound was opened years ago, and the position of the bones in the grave 
seemed to confirm the latter conclusion. It was expected that something real and 
strange would be found in this grave, but the expectations were not realized. 

STONE MOUNDS. 

In various parts of the county were found mounds of stone. Those were 
stone-piles built up, in a symmetrical form, to the height of four feet or more, hav- 
ing the shape of an old-fashioned straw bee-hive. One of these standing on the farm 
of Ido Warner, was surmounted by a tree, the roots of which running over the sides. 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



served to keep the stones in place until it was cut away, and the grave opened. 
The contents did not differ from those of the other mounds save that the bones had 
tlie appearance of having been charred by fire. It was thought by many that these 
stone mounds had been formed in clearing the fields near by for cultivation ; but it 
is abundantly proved that such was not the caee. And now a word in regard to 
these fields. In many places in the brush or light timbered land, where the soil is 
sand or light loam, distinct rows of hills may be traced. They are in many places 
so prominent as to interfere with the first plowing of the land. Undoubtedly the 
same hills were employed year after year, by simply opening the top of tlie hill for 
the reception of the seed, and then in the way of cultivation, pulling up the earth 
around the growing jjlant. 

FORT NUMBER TWO 

Was situated about a mile up the branch from the one formerly described, upon 
the farm of B. H. Thurston. His house and farm buildings now occupy tlie ground. 
Tlie soil here is a rich, sandy loam, about ten feet above the bed of the stream, on 
tbe west side, and facing the south with an easy slojje. 

The fort was oblong in shape ; its length extending to the southwest at right 
angles to the stream, about 500 feet ; its greatest breadth about 250 feet. Tiie em- 
bankments presented the same general characteristics as regards form, height, as 
the one formerly mentioned. There was but one opening on the river front, and 
tlie two ends of the circle of wall were made to overlap each other, thus shutting 
off all view from the exterior. There were a few mounds upon the south side of 
the fort, also across the stream about half a mile north. Numerous stone hatchets, 
flint aiTow-heads, amulets, and bits of crockery were found in the vicinity of these 
mounds, but never in or upon them. 

PO^T NUMBER THREE 

Is the extreme northwest corner of the county, and is about one mile west of the 
North Branch. This fort is still in its natural condition, covered with a low growth 
of oak timber. The embankments are in many instances four feet high from the 
bottom of the ditch. They describe a circle slightly flattened upon the north, and 
meeting in something like a corner at the northwest, where there is an opening about 
eight feet wide. The fort is 225 feet in diameter in each direction. Along the 
south ran a little stream with a margin of marsh ; along the edge of this marsli the 
walls are nearly defaced. The ground upon the interior of this fort descends to 
the south more rapidly than either of the others. Unlike the others, there seems 
to have been no arrangement for the protection of the entrance. Mounds have 
been found in various places in the vicinity. 

By whom were these forts erected ? We liave become so accustomed to tbe 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



phrase, Indian Mounds and Forts, that at first thought we can answer — the Indians, 
of course. But wlien we call to mind the American Indians' aversion to all kinds 
of labor, also their well-known mode of warfare, seeking onlj^ the shelter of a tree, 
from behind which they could fling a stone or shoot an arrow, we may pause before 
reaching a definite conclusion. So far as we know of the natives of this locality, 
they have never shown either energy or skill, sufficient to plan and execute the 
work of building a fort, or making a stone hatchet or arrow-head. We are told 
that the graves of the Indians contain more than their bodies, — we are certain that 
these mounds contain nothing but human bones. The Indians living in the vicinity 
of the forts, at the time of the first settlement by Whites, were as ignorant of their 
ways as the whites themselves. It is possible, perhaps probable, that they were the 
work of a race or ti'ibe of people possessing a higher degree of intelligence and 
skill than the American Indian. Be this as it may, it is doubtful if any decisive 
conclusion will ever be reached, and these forts and mounds of Macomb will ever 
remain a prolific source of speculation and interest. The foregoing statements are 
based on reports made by County Surveyor Hollister in 1841, and by George H. 
Canuon in 1874. 

From a letter addressed to Dr. Cooley, by John B. Hollister, under date April 
10, 18-30, it is learned that the North Fort was located on the east half of the north- 
east quarter of Fr. Section 3, Township 5 north of Range 12 east. The East 
Fort was on the west half of the southwest quarter Fr. Section 18, Township 5, 
north of Range 13 east. The South Fort stood on the west half of the northeast 
quarter of Section 25, Township 5 north of Range 12 east. Those were important 
positions, and doubtless formed the principal strongholds in Northeastern Michigan 
of a race of savages unremembered even by the ancient Wyaudots. 

SURVEY BY S. L. ANDREWS. 

The mounds, three miles north of Romeo, and two miles east on the northeast 
quarter of Section 25, Bruce, were again examined, about the year 1859, by Dr. S. 
L. Andrews. At the same time the old fort in the same neighborhood on Section 
19, Armada, known as the Donaldson Fai-m, was opened, and an exploration made. 
The embankment surrounding the first-named fort was about four feet high at that 
time, with a lap opening. Then there were a number of stone heaps, the most 
remarkable of which were near Armada Center, and near the fort just referred to. 

Four miles north, and three miles west of Romeo, on the farm of Benjamin 
Cooley, were a number of excavations, one of which contained an earthen pot, 
differing entirely from anything known to Indian civilization. 

There were the remains of an old fort on the bank of a streamlet flowing into 
Salt River, in 1837. The walls were circular with a gateway leading to the stream. 



i. 



53 HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



At the time of its exploration by Robert P. Eldredge, a white oak tree, at least 
three feet in diameter, sprung from the very center of the fortress, but whether this 
was planted by the builders, or grew up since the fort was constructed, the 
explorers were unable to state. 

Tlie Indian corn field on the north bank of Salt River was easily found so late 
as 1827. Here the savages had a thousand little hills, the pinnacle of each was 
annually cultivated, leaving the base and sides untouched by the rude instruments 
of agriculture wliich the cultivators used. 

HUGE SKELETONS. 

E. p. Sandford, of Romeo, visited the mounds on the Mahaffy farm, near the 
farm of J. C. Thompson, in the Fall of 1S80. The mounds are thrown up from two 
to four feet high and are made round. Having reached tlie mounds he dug into 
the first one, for the purpose of finding implements of some kind, when he reached 
the deptii of about three feet the spade struck what he supposed to be a stone, but 
by careful digging was found to be the skull of a large i)erson. A little farther in 
lie took out six skeletons, three being grown persons and three cliildren. All 
seemed to have been placed in a kneeling position with their heads on tlieir knees 
forming a semicircle facing the southwest. The large bones of the grown persons 
were in good state of preservation, the bones of tlie cliildren were all decayed, with 
the exception of the frontal bone of each and very few of the smaller bones. The 
skull of the large one measured twenty-one inches round ; the teeth were very even 
and in excellent condition ; the thigh bones measured twenty-one inches and were 
very solid. These are the only discoveries that have been made in this place for 
about eighteen years. 

There is a large mound at the southwest corner of the field overlooking all the 
rest, whicli measures twenty feet across the base and is about four and a half feet 
high. This mound is called the chief mound. There was an oak tree in the center 
of it which was cut down eight years ago by J. C. Thompson. At the time he cut 
it down he counted two hundred and forty rings, which are supposed to represent 
240 years growth. It is supposed that the tree was put there at the time of the 
burial. There have been many attempts made to uncover this mound, but so far 
each has been a failure, the roots of the tree being so large and strong, they prevent 
one from going deep enough to accomplish anything. At the north of this field 
about eighty rods we find what is called the fort, it was built on the top of a hill, 
the outlines can be seen very distinctly to this day. 

SUNDltY DISCOVERIES. 

J. W. Preston found some relics of the Indians, on his farm in February, 1877 ; 
Rev. P. R. Hurd, now of Detroit, found a silver cross in the neighborhood of Romeo, 



•^s r- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



supposed to belong to one of the early French priests who visited this neighborhood ; 
O. C. Dudley found an Indian tomahawk on his farm a number of years ago, the 
upper part of the weapon had the shape of a pipe, and was used for smoking 
purposes. 

William Stone, a farmer residing a few miles south of Romeo, discovered a 
[)iece of pure native copper, weighing eleven pounds, just as it was unearthed 
by the ploughshare, in January, 1879. 

Elijah Thorington had a large piece of native copper that was plowed up on 
his farm in the town of Addison, in October, 1878. How it came there is a ques- 
tion for scientists to solve. It is hardly possible that the piece is a portion of a 
copper mine on the premises, and the most reasonable theory is that it either came 
down from Lake Superior during the drift period or was packed by some lordly 
aborigine, on the back of his patient and long suffering squaw to be carried over- 
land for the purposes of a pipe or tomahawk. 

Charles Hunt, found in October, 1878, a curious stick. It was cut from the 
center of a large tree and shows unmistakably the blaze marks of some fellow that 
must certainly have been around at least an hundred years ago. 

H. J. Miller, who lives near Mount Vernon, discovered one of the greatest 
curiosities met with in tlie county. It is nothing less than a petrified dish-cloth or 
towel, which at some time has been wrung out and twisted up and in this condition 
it has petrified. The fiber of the cloth is plainly perceptible. 

That big bone discovered in June, 1875, upon the premises of J. L. Benjamin, 
just south of the village of Romeo, attracted a good deal of attention. It measures 
twelve inches in circumference at the narrowest point, while at the largest it reaches 
the extraordinary size of twenty-three inches. It was found imbedded in the soft 
earth, at least, four feet beneath the surface. There is a difference in opinion as to 
just what portion of the anatomy of the animal it belonged, but is generally con- 
ceded to have been a portion of what must have been one of the most formidable 
kickers on record and of truly mastodonic proportions. Speaking on this subject 
the editor of the Observer remarks : " The contemplation of this relic of the class 
of mammoths, long since extinct, opens up a wide field of speculation, and almost 
induces one to believe that if it could be thoroughly impressed upon the minds of 
the people that a few live specimens of this animal might still be ranging through 
our beautiful groves, it would have a wholesome effect upon society in general." 

During the progress of improvement on Mr. Benjamin's farm, many evidences 
of submersion appear. The prairie, cedar, oak and tamarack epochs may be read as 
in a book, and later the peat forming epoch is made manifest. The collections of 
G. A. Waterbury, J. E. Day, Drs. Andrus, Douglass, G. H. Cannon, and others afford 
much subject to the geologist and antiquarian on this subject. 



fe" 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTV. 



ZOOLOGICAL. 

The changes wrought by Time have, as it were, lightened the task of dealing 
with the zoology of this county. All the great animals of the wilderness, known 
to the pioneers, have ceased long years ago to make their home in Macomb. The 
remains of the prehistoric animals are hidden beneath the conformation of ages ; 
the millions of reptiles, which preceded and lived through the long summer, lie 
buried hundreds of fathoms down. 

BIRDS. 

All that is left to remind us of uncultivated nature are the beautiful birds, 
which visit the county periodically, or make it their home. Of these feathered 
citizens, there are about 250 species known to the people of this county — a large 
number has been seen only at long intervals, others have been seen once and disap- 
peared, such as the summer red bird. The Connecticut wariler is one of the most 
recent settlers and evidently, one which shows a disposition to make the county 
her home. Others have settled here since the county was organized, while others 
still date their advent away in the long past. In the following pages an effort is 
made to deal with the feathered tribe. 

The robin, or Turdus migratorius, is a resident during spring and autumn 
and even throughout such winters as that of 1881-2. 

The wood-thrush or Turdis Mustelinus, is a common summer bird. The hermit- 
thrush has been found breeding here during the spring and fall, and is accom- 
panied by the olive-backed-thrush. Wilson's thrush visits the county in the spring 
and sometimes builds its nest here. The Thrasher or brown-thrush resides with us 
during the summer months. 

The cat-birds come in large numbers during the summer, and build their nests 
here. All these birds hover round orchards, barnyards, willow-thickets, berry- 
bushes and brush-heaps both in the villages and in the country. 

The hlue-gmy gnatcatcher is a. common summer resident. The ruby-crowned 
kinglet is a spring and fall visitor, going South in winter. The golden-crowned 
kinglet is found everywhere during the spring and autumn months. All these 
birds seek a home here for a great portion of the year, and create the envy of the 
other families by the beautiful nests which they build in the groves and forest 
patches of the county. The eggs of these birds are three-eighths of an inch long, 
white in color, speckled and dashed with umber and lilac. 

The blue-bird is found everywhere during spring, summer and autumn. It 
nests in decaying trees, fence-posts, and feeds upon worms, grasshoppers, spiders, 
and berries. 

The white-bellied muthatch is another common resident, though originally a 
Carolinian. The red-bellied hatch comes here from Canada to spend the spring. 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



summer and fall, returning to that cold land in winter. These birds nest 
in the holes of trees, and feed upon spiders, ants, insects' eggs, and seeds. 

The titmouse, or black-capped chickadee nests in the woods during fine 
weather, and comes into the village to spend the winter. It thankfully receives all 
the crumbs which may fall in its path. 

The brown-creeper is the only representative of the Family Certhiades in this 
county. It dwells here the year round, finding a storehouse in the forest to lay up 
animal and vegetable food in the shape of insects and seeds. 

The wren family, or Troglodytidae, has six representatives in the county. The 
Carolina wren, though a straggler, is well known. 

Bewick's wren, or Thryothorus bewicJcii, appeared here for the first time very 
recently. His advance from the South was gradual. 

The house wren, or Troglodytes cedon, is found in large numbers in the central 
townships of the county. 

Tiie winter wren is a well-known visitor, sometimes spending the winter in the 
valley. He is known by the telling ti*:le Anorthura troglodytes. 

The long-billed marsh wren, or Telmatodytes palustris, builds a suspended nest 
among the marsli-reeds or in sand grass. There he remains during the summer and 
then migrates. 

The short-billed wren prefers meadow land and builds a large nest in a secure 
place. This family of miniature birds feeds upon insects, grasshoppers, snails, 
moths and other delicacies. 

The Family Sylvicolidae comprises no less than thirty-three representatives in 
this county. The black and white creeper nests beside a fallen tree — the blue yel- 
low winged warbler in the tree-tops of swamps and heavily timbered land. The 
blue-winged yellow warbler is a rare visitor. The blue golden-winged warbler 
remains here during summer and breeds in low, damp woodland. 

The Nashville warbler, orange-crowned warbler, Tennessee warbler, yellow 
warbler, black-throated green warbler, blue warbler, Blackburnian,yellow-rumped, 
black-poll, ba3'-breasted, chestnut-sided, black and yellow. Cape May, prairie, yel- 
low-throated, Kirtland's, yellow red-poll, pine creeper and perhaps two or three 
other species of the warbler family, are well known visitors. 

The water thrush, short and long billed, and the redstart belong to the family, 
and are common here. 

The Connecticut warbler, a stranger here until 1881, the Maryland yellow- 
thi'oat, the mourning, the hooded fly-catcher, black-capped fly-catcher, Canada fly- 
catcher, all favorite warblers, are beginning to make the county their home. 

This is the second family in importance among the birds of North America. 
Their food consists chiefly of insects, varied with fruit and berries. They peep into 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



crevices, scrutinize the abodes of the insect world, and never suffer from want. 
This family is the scourge of the orchard and oftentimes destroys fruit fields of great 
value. 

The horned lark, or Eremopldla alpestris, is a winter dweller here, and nests 
during the close of the cold season. There is anotlier species of the horned lark, 
which leaves on the approach of winter. Both build their nests on the ground, 
breed in April, and play around the farm yard or over gravelly soil. 

The titlark belongs to the family MotacilUdae. They flock hither in tens of 
thousands during spring and often remain until fall. 

The scarlet tanager, or Pyrangaruhra, is a common visitor. The Summer red- 
bii'd, lutherto referred to as a recent explorer of the North, is very rarely seen here. 

The Bohemian wax-wing, or Ampelis garrulus, is a recent and rare visitor. 
The cherry bird, or Carolina wax-wing, breeds here in August and September. 
They feed upon apples, cherries and berries, but are not numerous enough to cause 
any great anxiety to the pomologist. 

The Familij Hirundinidae comprise the barn swallow, tlie wliite-bellied swal- 
low, the eave swallow, the sand swallow and the purple martin. These birds de- 
stroy myriads of winged insects, and make them their principal food. The swallow, 
though not so showy as her gaudy neighbors, confers more real benefit upon the 
people than any other member of the bird tribe. 

Tlie Family Vireonidae comprises the red-eyed vireo, brotherly-love vireo, or 
Vireo philadelphicus, warbling vireo, yellow-throated vireo, solitary vireo and white- 
eyed vireo. They feed chiefly on insects, dwell in the forests, and seldom as they 
come to town, are in a hurr}^ to return to their rustic homes. 

The great northern shrike, or Collurio borealis, sometimes remains here to 
breed, but is not such a permanent settler as the loggerhead shrike, which makes 
its home liere the year round. The wliite-rumped shrike is seen here during the 
summer months. They are very quarrelsome among themselves, and savage toward 
other birds. They impale their victims on thorns and leave them there until driven 
by hunger to eat them. 

Tiie Family Corvidae is becoming extinct, or at least very uncommon here. 
Daring the present year the few which visited left suddenly, contrary to all prece- 
dent. These birds are omniverous, and comprise among others the raven, crow 
and blue jay. Their evil ways are almost compensated for by their good qualities, 
and some are inclined to believe that the benefits they confer are far in excess of 
the damage they do. 

The Family Fringillidae is the most extensive known in the States of the 
Union. It is graminivorous, except during the breeding season, when it feeds 
itself and young on insects. The rose-breasted grosbeak is the only member of the 



Lk 



HISTORY OF :macomb county. 



family which feeds upon the potato bug. The white-crowned sparrow's food is the 
grape-vine flea-beetle ; the fox-sparrow and chewink search out hybernating insects 
and snails ; the English sparrow, a recent immigrant, feeds on seeds ; the purple 
finch and crossbills feed on oily seeds and the seeds of pine cones. 

The names of the varied representatives of this tribe, are : The pine grosbeak, 
purple finch, white-winged crossbill, red crossbill, red-poll linnet, mealy red-poll, 
pine linnet, goldfinch, snow bunting, Lapland longspur. Savanna sparrow, bay- 
winged bunting, yellow-winged sparrow, Henslow's, Lincoln's, swamp, song, chip- 
ping, field, clay-colored, white-throated, white-crowned, fox, and English sparrows. 
The latter bird was introduced here in 187o-'-4. The blue-bird, martin, swallow, 
and other sparrows have to fly before the approach of their legions. The lark, 
finch, black-throated bunting, rose-breasted gi-osbeak, the indigo bird and the 
Towhee bunting, or chewink, are not so destructive as the English sparrow ; 
they have their uses ; but it is likely that when the peopjle realize the importance 
of the destruction of the imported sparrow, the whole family will fall with that 
branch. 

The Family Icteridae. — The bobolink, cow-bird, red-winged black-bird, meadow 
lark, rusty grackle, crow black-bird, Baltimore and orchard orioles belong to this 
family. The cow-bird destroys the eggs and young of stranger birds. The oriole 
feeds on hairy caterpillars during the season of breeding ; this bird is of service in 
the orchard, and for this service she accepts the first small fruits and other luxuries 
of the garden. The other members of the family may be termed gregarious ; they 
feed on the seeds of weeds, oats, wheat, corn, and on flies and insects. 

The Tyrannidae Family subsist almost altogether on flies, which they pursue and 
capture in the most open places. The pewee and king-bird pursue their victims in 
the light of day, and even should it escape for a time, it eventually falls before the 
lance of its pursuer. The family comprises the king-bird, wood pewee, phcebe 
bird, together with a half-dozen fl3'-catchers, variously named. 

The Caprimidgidae Family comprises the whippoorwill, or Antrostomus vociferous, 
which is a common summer resident here, and the night-hawk, another well-known 
summer bird. They are given to " jay-hawking," and select the night for seeking 
their prey. Then thousands of grasshoppers, moths, beetles, winged insects and 
flies become their prey. The chimney swallow captures its prey upon the wing in 
a similar manner ; but it belongs to the Cypselidae family. 

The Alcedinidae. — The only representative of this family in the county is said to 
be the belted king-fisher, which comes here in summer to spend the fishing season. 
If it does not at once succeed in catching one of the finny tribe, it is capable of ab- 
staining until success crowns its efforts. 

The Troehilidae. — This family is well represented here by the humming-bird. 



i) fy 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



This is an animated cluster of emeralds and rubies, which comes to delight the 
people in May, and continues with them until September. 

The only member of the CucuUdce residing here during the Summer months is 
the black-billed cuckoo, which comes to visit the woods and orchards of the State 
in the middle of June, and remains until harvest time. 

The Picadae Family, as represented here, is composed of seven species of wood- 
pecker, known as the downy, the hairy, the Arctic black-back, the yellow-bellied, 
red-headed, and golden-winged. The family subsist on timber insects, fruit, 
berries .and green corn. T)ie yellow-bellied woodpecker is very destructive to 
apple trees ; he sucks the sap of trees in some parts of the Union, but owing to the 
lengtli of winter in nortlieastern Michigan, he has had no time to do much mischief 
liere. 

The Strigidae Family comprises the barn owl, great horned owl, long-eared owl, 
short-eared owl, snow owl, hawk owl, sparrow owl, and Acadian owl. A few of 
these are very common residents here, the last named is an immigrant which settled 
here in 1879. All form tlie nocturnal branch of the raptorial species, and select 
for their prey rats, mice, fish, frogs, chickens, Ijirds of all kinds, and sometimes 
young pigs. Tliey have their uses. 

The Falconidae Family is comparatively extensive, and is fully represented here. 
It includes the marsh hawk, white-tailed kite, sharp-shinned hawk, goshawk. 
Cooper's hawk, pigeon hawk, sparrow hawk, red-tailed hawk, red-shouldered hawk, 
broad-winged hawk, Swainson's hawk, rough-legged hawk, the fish-hawk, and the 
bald eagle. They are birds of prey which select day-time for carrying on their 
operations. The fish-hawk will eat only fish. The bald eagle's favorite food is 
carrion and fish. When his taste leans toward fish, he generally makes a descent 
upon the fish-hawk. 

The turkey buzzard, or CatJiartes awra, is common in the county during July 
and August. They are entirely carnivorous, and come here after the period of in- 
cubation has been passed in the Southern States. 

The Family Meliagradae is represented here by the wild turkey. This bird 
was well known here in olden times, but has now almost ceased to be a resident. 

The Family Tetraonidae is peculiarly one of game birds. It includes tlie par- 
tridge or ruffed grouse, the quail and the prairie chicken. The quail is a common 
resident of the county, and appears to attain its greatest size here. These birds 
subsist on the various grains, seeds, berries, buds, grapes and chestnuts. They 
form a family of large and beautiful birds, but incapable of being thoroughly 
domesticated. 

Tlie Family Oolumhidae includes the wild pigeon and Carolina dove. The 
latter resides here during the greater portion of the year. The pigeon is thorough- 



*^ s r- 



HISTORY OF ilACOMB COUNTY. 



ly graminivorous in its tastes, and in this respect diffei's from tlie family Tetraon- 
idae. 

Tlie Family Fhalarojyodidae comprises the northern phalarope and Wilson's 
phalarope, two migrants which build their nests here at long intervals. 

The Family Charadridae, or the plover tribe, is represented here by the kill- 
deer, semipalmated, piping, golden and black-bellied plovers. They feed upon 
mollusks, water insects, grasshoppers, beetles, etc. This family is inferior in size 
to its European kindred. 

The Family Ardeidae includes the great bittern or Indian hen, the little bit- 
tern, the great blue, great white, green and night herons. These birds are summer 
residents, with the exception of the night heron, which dwells here the year round. 

The Family Gruidae, represented here by the sandhill crane and the whoop- 
ing crane. Neither of these birds breed here, and they may be set down as common 
stragglers or " tramps." 

The Family Calymhidae is very small. Only two representatives are found 
here, viz.: the common loon, well known for many years, and the black-throated 
loon, a recent visitor. To form an idea of the quickness of this unwieldy bird one 
must make an attempt to capture him alive, or even shoot him. During travels in 
the Northwest (1879 — 80), the writer found three specimens of the family living 
quietly in a lake-side nest, and left them undisturbed. Shakespeare's cream-faced 
loon was found there. 

The Rail tribe is comparatively well known here. It includes the Carolina 
and Virginia rails ; the Florida gallinule and the coot, all common summer birds. 
The rare summer visitors of the tribe comprise the black, yellow, king and clapper 
rails. 

The Grebe tribe, or family podicipidaj, comprises the horned grebe, the pied- 
billed grebe as common residents ; and the red-necked and red eared grebe which 
come here at intervals. 

The Family Anatidae is perhaps the best known and most useful of the feath- 
ered race. It comprises the goose, duck, widgeon, teal and merganser. The birds 
of the tribe common to the county are the brant and Canada goose, the mallard, 
black, pin-tail, gad wall, wood, big black-head, little black-head, ring-necked, poach- 
ard, canvas-back, golden-eye, butter-ball, long-tailed, Labrador, ruddy and fish 
ducks, the red-breasted merganser, the hooded merganser, American widgeon, 
green-winged teal, blue-winged teal, and the shoveller teal. 

The Family Scolopacidae includes the woodcock, American snipe, red-breasted 
snipe, upland plover, long-billed curlew, stilt sandpiper, semipalmated, least, 
pectoral and red-backed sandpipers, Wilst, greater yellow legs, lesser yellow legs 
and solitary, spotted and buff-breasted sandpipers. All these birds are common 



nv^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



here. They are all " waders," and subsist on aquatic insects, grass-hoppers, 
mollusks, crustaceans, etc. 

The Family Laridae comprises all the terns and gulls known in the temperate 
zone of our continent. The birds of the tribe, common to Macomb County, are the 
herring gull, the ringed-billed, the laughing, and the Bonaparte gulls. The fork- 
tail gull is an uncommon visitor. The terns best known here, include the Arctic, 
Marsh, Firster's, Wilson's, the little, and the black tern. 

The German Stork made his appearance here in 1879, and again in 1880. 

MAMMALIA. 

Among the many papers on this subject presented to the writer, there is one 
specially applicable prepared by J. S. Tibbits. It does not mention the New York 
and brown bats, the shrew, and moles which were once known here, yet it deals 
fully with the larger mammalia, known to the first settlers of the districts border- 
ing on Lake St. Clair. The contributor states : — " Most of the wild animals com- 
mon to the State were found in great numbers by the early settlers of this county, 
and the descendants of Nimrod and Esau found abundant material upon which to 
exercise their favorite pursuit. The animals mostly to be found here were tlie deer, 
bear, wolf, lynx, wild cat, fox, coon, badger, fishei", porcupine, woodchuck, rabbit, 
mink, and weasel. The skunk and rat did not make their appearance in the rural 
districts for nearly ten years after the first settlements were made. They were 
both as great curiosities to me then as tlie mermaid would be now. My first experi- 
ence with a skunk was a sad, though I think a profitable one. A neighbor, having 
an open cellar wall, ascertained that a skunk had taken refuge in the wall, and lie 
offered me ten cents to kill and skin him. Being anxious to gratify ray curiosity 
to see a skunk, and my ambition to earn an honest penny, I readily undertook the 
job. Ascertaining the locality of the animal, I proceeded with a sharpened stick 
to dislodge him. Getting down on my knees, I peered into tlie hole and gave 
him a sharp punch with my stick. He immediately resorted to iiis usual mode of 
defense, and discharged a full battery square in my face. I retreated in good 
order, though in very bad odor, and have wisley concluded ever since to let every 
man skin his own skunks. 

The birds common in these early days were the eagle, hawk, turkey-buzzard, 
raven, owl, crane, turkey, partridge, duck, wild goose, and a variety of the smaller 
birds. Tlie crow, like the skunk and rat, did not make its appearance till a number 
of years after the first settlements were made. The turkej^-buzzard, so common in 
those early days, is seldom or never seen now. This bird resembles the wild turkey 
more nearly than any other bird, though by no means so large. It is not a bird of 
prey, but, like the raven, lives on carrion. It is a powerful bird on the wing, and 



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i. 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



soars to great heights, sailing seemingly for hours without a movement of the wings. 
The quills are very valuable for writing purposes, and the possession of one was 
considered a treasure, inasmuch as with careful usage one would last through a 
school term of three or four months. 

Tlie wild turkey was very common, and vast flocks of several hundred were 
frequently to be met with. The usual mode of hunting them was for two or three 
persons to proceed cautiously througli the woods till they came upon a flock, then 
suddenly fire at random amongst them, the object being to scatter them in all direc- 
tions. When thus scattered they will invariably return to the same spot to get to- 
gether again, the old ones coming first to call their young together. The hunters, 
hid in some secluded place, with their " turkey calls " ready for use, would wait 
patiently for the return of the old birds. These turkey-calls consist of the hollow 
bone of the turkey's wing, and, in the mouth of an experienced hunter, can be 
made to exactly imitate the piping sound of the mother bird when calling her brood 
together. Soon the maternal notes of the old birds are heard, and the hunters 
respond with their " calls," luring them on to certain destruction. After the old 
birds are killed, the young ones fall an easy prey to the unerring aim of the skillful 
marksman. The flesh of the wild turkey is esteemed a great luxury, and one of 
the most delicious meals I think 1 ever ate was made from steak cut from the breast 
of a j'oung turkey, fried in butter, and partaken after a hard day's hunt, in which 
a companion and myself killed seven large fine birds. 

The wild turkey is sometimes caught in pens made of poles, some five or six 
feet in height, and covered over the to^) to prevent their escape. A covered pas- 
sage-way is made under the pen large enough for the turkeys to crawl through. 
Corn or other grain is scattered in the passage-way and inside the pen. The un- 
suspecting birds, seeing the grain, commence picking it up, and thus one after 
another crawl through the hole into the pen. " Once in, forever in," for they never 
think of putting their heads down to crawl out again. 

Deer were also very abundant, and scarcely a day passed but more or less of 
them were seen in and about the clearings. But little skill was required in killing 
them, the principal qualification being a steady nerve. During the hot days in the 
summer, when the mosquitos and the gnats were troublesome, the deer would 
resort to the streams and ponds of water during the night to get rid of their tor- 
mentors. Here they would fall an easy prey to the hunter, who, in his canoe, with 
a torch at the bow, would row noiselessly about. The deer, seeing the light, would 
remain as it were entranced, presenting to the unerring aim of the hunter Iwo 
small bright globes of light, between which the fatal bullet was sure to be lodged. 
Another mode of hunting the deer, which frequently occasioned rare sport, was by 
watching for them on their " run-ways," and shooting them down as they passed. 



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163 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



One or two persons were stationed on tlie " run-way," wliile others with the hounds 
would scour the woods to scare up tlie deer. Whenever one was started it would 
invariably make for the " run-way," the hounds and the men or boys following in 
hot pursuit. Rarely, indeed, was it the case that he was successful in running the 
gauntlet, but usually fell a victim to his rutldess pursuers. A laughable incident 
occurred at one of these hunts which is too good to be passed by unnoticed. A 
young man came from an Eastern city to visit his country cousins at the West. 
Having never seen a deer, and being very anxious to engage in a hunt before his 
return, it was soon arranged to have one. Proceeding to the forest, the young 
man was stationed on the " run-way," with strict instructions to shoot the deer 
when he passed. The boys, with their hounds and guns, commenced scouring the 
woods. Soon the deep baying of the hounds was heard, denoting that the game 
had been started. Nearer and nearer came the pursuer and the pursued. Suddenly 
a fine buck made his appearance, with his noble antlers laid back upon his shoulders 
and his white tail aloft in the air. On he sped past the affrighted youth, who stooH. 
with his rifle cocked, his eyes and mouth wide open, the embodiment of wonder and 
astonishment. Hard upon the heels of the deer came the dogs, and soon the boys, 
who, seeing their cousin in this ludicrous situation, asked in amazement, " Why he 
did not shoot the buck ?" " Buck !" said he, " I haven't seen any buck. I only 
saw the devil coming down the hill with a rocking-chair on his head and his white 
handkerchief sticking out behind." Wolvcs and bears were more numerous than 
agreeable. They were very destructive to the few flocks of sheep and herds of 
swine then in the county. They were caught in traps and in dead-falls, and some- 
times wolves were inveigled into the folds with the sheep, and captured in that 
way. A large pen was made of poles, and so constructed that it was narrowed up 
at the top, leaving an opening only a few feet square. Tliis afforded an easy ingress 
to the hungry wolf, but an effectual barrier to his escape. He would thus be found 
in the morning, having done no harm, and looking very "sheepish," indeed. 

A novel mode of trapping the bear was sometimes adopted which proved suc- 
cessful. A hallow tree was selected into which a hole was cut of a triangular 
shape, with the acute angle at the lower side. The hole was made some seven or 
eight feet from the ground, and just large enough for bruiu to squeeze his head 
through. Inside of the tree, some two or three feet below the hole, was suspended 
a piece of meat. The bear, scenting the food, would climb up the tree, and, in his 
efforts to get at the meat, would get hung in the acute angle of the hole, from 
which it was impossible to extricate himself. 

Occasionally a lynx was seen in the swamps in the western part of the county, 
but they were extremely shy, and it was rare indeed that one was killed. Tlie 
porcupine was more common ; and they proved very troublesome to the hunters" 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



dogs, which would frequently return from the chase at night with their mouths full 
of tlieir sharp quills. It is supposed by many that the hedgehog and porcupine are 
identical, but this is a mistake. The only point of resemblance is in their coat of 
armor, which consists of long sharp-pointed quills. Whenever these animals are 
attacked they double themselves up into a ball, and thus present a formidable 
defense. Their quills are easily detached, but I think it is a mistaken idea that 
they have the power of throwing off their quills, as some suppose. The hedgehog 
is a native of the old world, is small in size, and carnivorous ; whereas the porcu- 
pine is a native of the new world, is about the size of the woodchuck, and lives on 
roots, vegetables, and wild fruits. The badger and tlie fisher were occasionally 
seen, but they were by no means common. Most of these wild animals, like the 
aborigines of the country, have receded before the march of civilization and 
improvement, and but few of them can now be found within tlie limits of the 
county. 

A soft-shell turtle was caught in Washington in the Summer of 1881. It has 
been said that a few of these creatures were seen in tlie county previously, but this 
of 1881 is the first of which there is any record. 

Early on the morning of Jan. 14, 1882, an ermine was caught in the cellar of 
Edwin Starkweather's house. This is supposed to be the first of that species found 
in this portion of Michigan. 

THE FLORA OF THE COUNTY 

Comprise almost all the orders known in the Northern States. Of tlie 130 orders 
represented in Michigan, fully 107 are common in tlie country bordering on the 
mouth of the Clinton River. The represented genera within Macomb are estimated 
at 370, comprising no less than 850 species. New and beautiful flowers are added 
annually to the pioneer garden beds of the valley ; wild flowers appear and fade ; 
many beautiful colors, well remembered by the old settlers, have disappeared within 
the last decade, and thus one of the most beautful features of Nature is undergoing 
marked changes. 

METEOROLOGICAL. 

THE BIG SNOWS. 

The traditions of the Ciiippeways and Wj'andots point out the years 1755 
and 1775 as the Winters of the great snows. Those severe storms, which swept 
over the Peninsula within two decades, destroyed great numbers of forest animals, 
the bones of which in after years literally encumbered the wilderness. 

Within the pioneer period the snow oT 1822-3 was the heaviest. It fell to a 
depth of four feet on the level, and was accompanied with such an icy current, that 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



large numbers of deer, wolf, and bear perished before its withering advance. In 
1830-1 the snow storms set in early in November, and continued throughout the 
mouth, destroying the wild animals in large numbers, and inflicting many hard- 
ships on the Indians and pioneers. In the month of August, 1831, a severe irost 
set in, which occasioned many serious troubles and disappointments. 

THE BLACK DAYS. 

On the morning of Sunday, November 8, 1819, the sun rose upon a cloudy 
sky, which assumed, as the light grew upon it, a strange greenish tint, varying in 
places to an inky blackness. After a sliort time the whole sky became terribly 
dark, dense black clouds filled the atmospliere, and those changes were followed by 
a down-pour of rain, which appeared to be sometliing of the nature of soap-suds, 
and which was found to have deposited after settling a substance resembling soot. 
The atmosphere assumed its usual form that afternoon, and the following day was 
dry and frosty. On the morning of Tuesday 10th, heavy clouds again appeared, 
changed rapidly from a deep green to a pitchy black, and the sun. when seen occa- 
sionally through them, was sometimes of a dark brown, or an unearthly yellow 
color, and again bright orange or blood red. The clouds constantly deepened in 
color and density, and later on a heavy vapor seemed to descend to tlie earth, the 
day became as dark as night, and the gloom increased or diminished most fitfully. 
The French traders looked on the phenomenon with a peculiar curiosity ; while the 
Indians were actually alarmed. The more sensible concluded that the Western 
pine woods were alilaze, others that the recently explored prairies were burning, 
wliile others stated that a volcanic eruption must be in progress. The Indians 
quoted the prophecy that one day the Peninsula would be destroyed by an earth- 
quake, while others looked upon the signs, as signaling the close of this world. 

About the middle of the afternoon a great body of clouds seemed to rush sud- 
denly across the country, and immediately everytliing was hidden in appalling 
darkness. A pause and hush succeeded for a moment, and then a most glaring 
flash of electricity flamed over tlie land — next the thunder seemed to shake the 
very earth to its center. Another pause followed, and then fell a slight shower of 
rain similar to that which introduced the phenomenon two days previously. After 
this siiower the day grew brighter, but an hour later it was as dark as ever. An- 
other rush of clouds, and another flash of lightning introduced the climax of the 
scene. The sky above and around was as black as ink ; but right in one spot, in 
mid air above the Indian village, the lightning danced for some minutes in a fairy 
circle, then rushed eastward, and was not seen again. The darkest hour had come 
and gone. The gloom gradually subsided and gave place to dawn, the people grew 
less fearful, the real night came on, and when next morning dawned the elements 
were at peace, and the world seemed as natural as before. 



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HISTORY OF MAC'OjMR COUNTY. 



TORNADO 1835. 

Perhajjis the best remembered and most extraordinary phenomenon was that 
which the people of the northeastern counties witnessed in 1835. On Christmas 
day of that year an excejationally heavy fall of snow covered the ground, which 
was followed on the 26th by a mist, and this was succeeded in turn by a drizzlino- 
rain. The rain ceased suddenly, the clouds lowered, grew dark, and assumed such 
appearances as would lead the spectator to conclude that this globe was aljout to 
collapse. The storm king at length broke loose, swooped down from the North- 
west in black night, uprooting trees, sweeping everything in his track, and bringing 
with him such a current of icy air that man and beast, not then in shelter, were 
frozen to death. This storm was as sudden asit was phenomenal. It is well remem- 
bered by the old settlers, and forms for them a mark on the page of time. 

THE METEOE. 

The meteor seen November 1, 1857, passing southward, proved to be a most 
remarkable one. Its journey was accompanied by a sharp, rumbling sound like 
thunder. 

THE COMET. 

This strange visitor, belonging to that numerous but erratic family whose 
movements are so carefully noted by astronomers, and the time of whose entrances 
and exits is a matter of mathematical certaint)', appeared to the people of this 
county, June 30, 1861. Whatever may have been its attributes and peculiarities 
one thing is certain, that it has had no rivals in the comet line. Its sudden debut 
at that time was the cause of much speculation among men of letters as well as 
the people in general. It was first visible in a northwesterly direction, when it 
appeared like a bright star. It attracted but little attention at first, it being sup- 
posed to be a lamp attached to a kite ; but directly a train of light shot up, which 
gradually increased in length until it passed the zenith. The nucleus of the comet 
when viewed through a glass, presented a very clear and sharply-defined outline, 
shining with the brilliancy of a star of the first magnitude. Its motion was in an 
easterly direction, and exceedingly rapid. The train of light extended beyond the 
constellation, Lyra, and the center of its extremity was directly over the star Vega. 
Its length extended over the immense distance of 100°, being 30" longer than the 
comet of 1843, which extended over a space of only 70°. 

The comet of 1881 remained with us for weeks, and disappeared from the view 
of citizens of this county, a short time after a portion of its tail separated from the 
nucleus and main train. It will be remembered as affording much subject for gossip 
during the latter part of the summer of 1881. 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ECLIPSE OF THE MOON, 1881. 

One of tlio most sublime astronomical events of 1881 — a total eclipse of the 
moon — occurred Sunday morning June 12. Tiie moon appeared above the horizon 
at about 8:20 p. m., on tlie 11th, in its usual brilliancy. When about two and one- 
half hours high, it received the first contact with the penumbra of light shadow of 
the earth upon its eastern limb, which became slightly dim, and a loss of lunar 
light followed as the moon entered the penumbra. Fifty-six minutes then elapsed 
without further change in its appearance, while traversing the partial shadow of 
the earth ; but wlien the umbra or dark shadow of our planet was reached, the east- 
ern limb of the moon again darkened, suddenly, almost to invisibility. The circu- 
lar shape of the earth's shadow was distinctly seen when passing over the face of 
the moon. At 12:38 A. M., June 12, the moon was wholly within the umbra, and 
the total eclipse commenced. It continued in darkness for an hour or so, when all 
was licrht a<jain. 



CHAPTER XI. 

THE INDIANS. 

Before entering upon the history of men and events connected with the county 
during the last century, we will inquire into its aboriginal or prehistoric period. 
From years coeval with the Columbian era, the Indian, as we know him, made his 
presence known to the decaying remnants of the Mound Building Race, who sought 
a refuge on this peninsula from the periodical assaults of their barbaric brethren. 
The origin of the American Indians, which must always interest and instruct, is 
a favorite with the ethnologist, even as it is one of deep concern to the ordinary 
reader. The era of their establishment as a distinct and insulated people must be 
set down and credited to a period — immediately after the separation of the Asiatic, 
after the confusion of language, and the formation of languages. No doubt can 
exist, when the American Indian is regarded as of Asiatic origin. Tiie fact is that 
the full-blood Indian of pioneer days is descended directly from the original inhabi- 
tants of tliis continent, oi' in other words from the survivors of that people, wiio, on 
being driven from tlieir fair possessions, retired to the wilderness in sorrow, and 
reared up their children under the saddening influences of their unquenchable 
griefs, bequeathing them only the habits, manners, and customs of the wild, cloud- 
roofed homes of their exile — a sullen silence and a rude moral code — leaving them 
ignorant of the arts and sciences wliicli, undoubtedly, marked the period of their 
prosperity. 



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HISTORY OF MAC:OJ[B COUNTY. 



In after years those wild sons of the forest and the prairie grew in numbers 
and in strength, yet minus even a tradition to point out the rise and fall of their 
fathers. However, some legend told them of their present sufferings, of the high 
station whicli their progenitors once had held, and of the riotous race that now 
reveled in a wealth, which should be theirs. The fierce passions of the savages 
were aroused, and uniting their scattered bauds, all marched in silence upon the 
villages of the Tartars, driving them onwards to the capital of their Incas, and 
consigning their homes to flames. Once in view of the great city, the hurrying 
bands halted in surprise. Tartar cunning took the advantage of the situation, and 
offered to the sons of their former victims pledges of amity and justice — pledges 
which were sacredly observed. Henceforth Mexico was open to the children of the 
Mound Builders, bearing precisely the same social and commercial relation to them, 
that the Hudsons Bay company's posts do the northwestern Indians of the preseiit 
day — obtaining all — offering little in return. 

The subjection of the Mongolian race, represented in North America by that 
branch, to which those Tartars belonged, seems to have taken place about five 
centuries prior to the arrival of the Spaniards ; while it may be concluded that the 
war of the races, which resulted in tlie reduction of those villages erected by the 
Tartar hordes, took place between one and two hundred years later. Tliese state- 
ments, though actually referring to events which in point of time, are compara- 
tively modern, can be substantiated only by the fact that, about the periods 
mentioned, the dead bodies of an unknown race of men were washed upon the 
European coasts; while previous to that time there is no account in European 
annals of even a vestige of trans-Atlantic humanity being transferred by ocean cur- 
rents to the shores of the eastern world. Toward the latter part of the first half 
of the Fifteenth Century, two dead bodies, entirely free from decomposition, and 
corresponding with the physical characteristics of the red man as afterwards seen 
by Columbus, were cast ashore on the Azores — a circumstance which confirmed 
the great, the illustrious discoverer of this continent in his belief that a Western 
world and a Western people existed and waited recognition. 

Storm, flood, disease, whisky, have created sad havoc in tlie ranks of the 
aborigines since the occupation of the country by the while man. Inlierent causes 
have led in a greater degree to the dissemination of the race even more than the 
advance of civilization, which seems not to affect it materially. In the mainte- 
nance of the same number of representatives during tliree centuries, and its exist- 
ence in the very face of a most unceremonious, and whenever necessary, cruel 
conquest, the grand dispensations of the Unseen Ruler are demonstrated ; for, with- 
out the aborigines, savage and treacherous as they were, it is possible that the 
Spanish and French explorers, would have so many natural difficulties to contend 



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HISTORY OF :MAC0MB COUNTY. 



against, that they would surrender their worlc in despair, and fly from a continent, 
which their knowledge, zeal, and perseverance gave to the world. It can not be 
questioned that the ultimate resolve of Columbus was strengthened by the appear- 
ance of Indian corpses on the Eastern shores of the Atlantic, even as it is conceded 
that the existence of savages in the interior led the Spanish and French missionary 
priests from savage village to village, until the entire continent from the Arctic 
regions to Patagonia was known to the civilized world. From such a stand-point 
the position of the Indian in the economy of the Divinity must be acknowledged, 
and tlie services which he has rendered to civilization held in high esteem. It 
would not be a matter for surprise to learn, that the same spirit which crushed the 
power of tyranny at Yorktown 100 years ago, and sent a thrill of liberty through- 
out the world, would offer to the remnant of a great and ancient race — a lasting 
peace. 

THE OTCHIPWE INVASION. 

During the second decade of the Sixteenth Century, about the year 1519-20, 
the Otchipwes or Chippewas gained possession of the district from the mouth of 
the Kawkawlin to the river, now known as the Clinton, called by the French 
Beviere am- Hurons. At this time tlie great struggle for tribal supremacy took 
place, and the last Sauk warrior fell before the advancing Chippewas in the valley 
of tlie Saginaw. Throughout all this district, particularly along its rivers and 
streams, may be found mounds filled with human bones, scattered round in all 
directions, showing, unmistakably, that they were cast together without regularity, 
and telling of fierce and sanguinary battles. So early as 1834, a few aged Indians 
resided on the shores of Lake Huron ; each of them was questioned regarding the 
ancient history of his nation, and each of them was not slow to relate the tradition 
of his tribe, so far as it related to the Chippewa conquest of Northern and Western 
Michigan. At length the old chief — Puttasamine — was interviewed in the presence 
of Peter Gruette, a half-breed, well known from Detroit to Mount Clemens, and 
westward still to Mackinac. Gruette acted as interpreter, and as a result the 
following valuable legendary sketch comes down to us. Puttasamine said the 
Sauks occupied the whole country from Thunder Bay on the north, to the head 
waters of tlie Shiawassee, and from the mouth of Grand River to that of the Huron 
north of Detroit. The rest of the country was occupied by the Pottawatomies, 
the Lake Superior country by the Otchipwes and Ottawas, the Monomonies round 
Green Bay, and the Sioux west of the Mississippi. The main village of the Sauk 
nation stood on the west side of the Saginaw River, near its mouth ; and from that 
place were accustomed to rush forth to war with the Chippewas on the north and 
the Pottawatomies on the south, and also with other nations in Canada. At length 
a council was called consisting of Otchipwes, Pottawatomies, Monomonies, Otta- 



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HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



was, and six Tiations of New York, which council assembled on the island of Mack- 
inaw, and where it decided on a war of extermination. The chiefs summoned the 
warriors, a large army was organized, and embarking in bark canoes, started down 
the west shore of Lake Huron, arriving at Saginaw Bay. tlie warriors started over 
the waters by night, lay concealed during the day, and so continued their advance 
until they arrived at a place called Petobegong, about ten miles above the mouth 
of the Saginaw River. There they disembarked a portion of the army, while the 
main division crossed the bay and made a landing on the east bank of the estuary 
of the Saginaw, in the night. Next morning both divisions started up the river so 
as to attack the eastern and western towns at the same time. The warriors on 
the west bank attacked the main village, surprised the inhabitants, and massacred 
almost every man, woman and child to be found there — the few survivors escaping 
across the river to another village, which occupied the site of the Portsmouth. 

The eastern division of the allies came up to the village, which then occupied 
the site of Bay Cit\% where a desperate battle was fought. Notwithstanding the 
favorable position held by the Sauks, they were defeated and great numbers slain — 
the survivors retreating, some into the eastern wilderness, others seeking refuge on 
Skull Island. Here the refugees considered themselves safe, as the enemy did not 
appear to possess any canoes ; but the season offered the invader, that which art 
denied; for on the next night, the ice was found sufficiently thick to warrant a 
crossing, which circumstance enabled the allies to advance on the island. Here 
nothing was left of the Sauks, save twelve women, and those who fled eastward to 
the river country. The victory was as decisive as it was bloody. The victors 
reviewed their forces, and then divided, some proceeding up the Cass (formerly the 
Huron) and the Flint ; others up the Shiawassee, Tittabawasink, and spread over 
the land. 

The most important battles were fought against other tribes in the neighbor- 
hood of the Flint bluffs, and eastward to Detroit ; but of such Puttasamine could 
recount very little. 

After the extermination of the Sauk warriors, the twelve women referred to, 
remained for disposal, and so important did they appear, that a council of the allies 
was held to decide their fate. Some were for torturing them to death ; others 
recommended mercy ; while others still argued that they should be sent west of the 
Mississippi. Tlie last proposition was carried, and an arrangement made with the 
Sioux, that no tribe should molest them, that they should be responsible for their 
protection. The Sioux warriors and women kept their promises faithfully. 

The conquered country was divided among the allies as a common hunting 
ground ; but great numbers of them who engaged in the chase, never returned, 
nor could any tidings of them be found, for which reason it became the settled 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



opinion of the Indians, that the spirits of their victims haunted the hunting 
grounds and were killing off their warriors. In reality the disappearance of many 
a warrior was due to the fact, that a few Sauks, who had escaped the massacre, still 
lingered round the old and well-known hunting grounds, watching for the strag- 
gling conquerors, and slaying them whenever opportunity offered. 

Tondogong, an Indian chief, who died in 1840, at a very advanced age, has left 
the record behind, that in his boyhood, about eighty years ago, he killed a Sauk. 
Even up to the year 1850, the old Indians of the north-eastern counties of Michi- 
gan believed there was a solitary Sauk still to be seen in the forests of their lands ; 
they had seen the place where he had made his fires and slept. For days after such 
a discovery they would not leave their camp grounds — " there is a Sauk in the 
woods, and they had seen tvhere he built his fires and slept.'''' 

The close of the drama is within the history of our own times. We have seen 
the Otchipwes in all their villages. Tiie Sixteenth Century had not closed, when 
this tribe boasted of power in number and intelligence ; finally the Otchipwe lan- 
guage predominated, until at the present time it is spoken among Indians from the 
Arctic Circle south to latitude 40\ Puttasamine, or Puttaquasamine, born about 
the 3'ear 1729, stated that the tradition was related to him when a boy, by his 
grandfather, ninety years previous to 1834, and further that it had been handed 
down to his grandfather from his ancestors, and was a custom with him to repeat it 
often to his people, so that their tradition or history should not be lost. 

THE MIAMIES AND POTTAWATOMIBS. 

Western Ohio, Southern Michigan and the country now comprised in the State 
of Indiana were once in possession of the Miamies, one of the branches of the 
powerful Algonquin tribe, that interposed between the tribes of the Six Nations, 
of the northern lake shores, and the Mobilian tribes of the Atlantic slopes. Their 
claim to this territory was proven in the great conclave at Greenville, Ohio, in 1795, 
immediately prior to entering into the treaty. On this occasion, Machikinaqua, a 
chief and orator of the Miamies, addressing Gen. Wayne, said : " My forefather 
kindled the first fires at Detroit ; thence he extended his lines from the head waters 
of the Scioto River ; thence to its mouth ; thence down the Ohio to the mouth of 
the Wabash ; thence to Chicago and Lake Michigan ; these are the boundaries 
wherein the prints of my ancestors' houses are everywhere to beseen." Historians 
have acknowledged the truth and claim of the Miami chief, confirming many of his 
statements regarding other people's inhabiting his territory. The Delaware Indians 
driven before the incoming European colonists ; tiie Shawonoes from the South 
forced to move northward by the Aztecs of the Southwest, or the Mobiliaus of the 
Southeast, and the Otchipwes and Pottawatomies of the northern regions. Lagio, 

\^ s r~ ^^ ® ^ 



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HISTORY OF JIACOMB COUNTY. 



an Indian chief, refei'ring to the immigration of tlie latter, maintained that a very 
long time since, the Great Spirit sent upon the Pottawatomies a severe Winter, 
and they came over the hard water of Lake Michigan and asked the privilege of 
hunting until Spring ; that the Miamies granted it ; that they returned home in the 
Spring, and the next Winter came back, and would never return to Lake Superior 
again. 

REIGN OF THE CHOLERA. 

The cholera entered the Indian settlements in 1823-4, and tended to increase 
the prevailing dread of some impending disaster. Providence, however, ruled tliat 
the pioneers should suffer alone from financial reverses, while the Indians should be 
carried away by disease. A large number of tlie doomed race, then dwelling in 
the county, perished ; many fled to the wilderness to seek a hiding place, wliere the 
Great Spirit could not find them to pursue them with iiis vengeance. Even the 
wild woods did not shelter the poor savages from the terrible scourge. Throughout 
the forest, along the banks of each river and stream, the echoes of their dismal 
shrieks resounded, for a short while, and then died away in death. Happy Indians ! 
They survived not to witness the sacred circles of their fathers, the burial grounds 
of their race, upturned by the. plow, or covered with the homes and factories of 
civilized man ; they were spared at least, this last and most terrible affliction. The 
soldiers were attacked by the disease at Fort Gratiot at the same time. The poor 
fellows flying from the pestilence, found a resting place near John Tucker's house, 
and a friend in the owner. 

INDIAN TREATIES. 

The treaty of Fort Mcintosh, negotiated Jan. 21, 1785, granted to the United 
States the military post of Detroit, with a district, beginning at the mouth of the 
River Rosine, on the west end of Lake Erie, and running west six miles up tlie 
southern bank of the Rosine, thence northerly, and .always six miles west of the 
strait, until it strikes the lake, St. Clair. Among the signers of this treaty, were 
Geo. Clarke, Richard Butler, Arthur Lee, Daunghquat, Abraham Kuhn, Ottawa- 
verri, Hobocan, Walindightun, Taxapoxi, Wingenum, Packalant, Gingewanno, 
Waanoos, Konalawassee, Shawnqum, and Quecookkia. This treaty was the first 
which regarded any portion of Macomb County. The Indians of the Chippewa 
tribe on the Huron of Lake St. Clair were not represented by any of their chiefs 
but it is supposed that Waanoos was commissioned by them to acquiesce in the 
general opinion of the Council, holden at Fort McInto.sh. 

TREATY OF GREENVILLE. 

This treaty was negotiated by Gen. Anthony Wayne August 3, 1795. It was 
stipulated that the post at Detroit, and all the land to the north, the west, and the 



'3 ^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



south of it, of which the Indian title was extinguished by grants to the French or 
English Governments ; and so much more land to be annexed to the district of 
Detroit as is comprehended between the River Rosine on the south, Lake St. Clair 
on the north, and a line, the general course whereof shall be six miles distant from 
the west end of Lake Erie, and Detroit River should be ceded to the United States. 
Among the Pottawatomies of the Huron who signed the treaty were Okia, Chamung, 
Segagewau, Nanaume, Agin, Marchand and Wenemeac. The Otchipwe signers 
were Mashipinashiwish, Nalishogashe, Kathanasung, Masass, Nemekass, Peshawkay, 
Nanguey, Meenedoligeesogh, Peewanshemenogh, Weymegwas, and Gobmoatick. 
Among the Wyandots who signed were Tarhe, or Crane, J. Williams, Jr., Shatey- 
yaronyah, or Leather-lips, and Haroenpou. 

TREATY OF DETROIT. 

The treaty was made by William Hull, U. S. Commissioner, and the Lidians 
of the district November 17, 1807. Under its provisions all the territory beginning 
at the mouth of the Miami River of the Lakes, running thence to the mouth of the 
great Au Glaize River, thence due north until it intersects a latitudinal line to be 
drawn from the outlet of Lake Huron, which forms the River Sinclair, thence 
running northeast in the course, that may be found, will lead in a direct line, to 
WJiite Rock in Lake Huron, thence due east until it intersects the boundar}' line 
between the United States and Upper Canada, in said lake, thence southwardly, 
following the said boundary line, down said lake, tlirough River Sinclair, Lake St. 
Clair, and the River Detroit, into Lake Erie, to a point due east of the Miami 
River, and thence west to tlie mouth of the Miami River, was ceded to the United 
States. 

From this cession the following lands were reserved for the sole use of the 
Indians: — Six square miles on the Miami above Roche de Boeuf, two in the village 
where Tondagonie, or The Dog, now lives ; three square miles including Presque 
Isle, four square miles on the Miami Bay, including the villages of Meskeman and 
Wangare ; three square miles at Macon, on the River Raisin, fourteen miles from 
the mouth of the Raisin ; two sections on the Range, at Seginsiwin's village ; two 
sections at Tonquish's village near the Rouge River, three miles square on Lake 
St. Clair, above the River Hurou to include Makornse's or Macompte's village, 
together with six square miles to be selected by the Indians. Together with those 
reservations, a sum of $10,000 was granted by the United States to be distributed 
equitably among the Pottawatomies, Otchipwes, Wyandotte, and Ottawa Indians 
then living in the district ceded under the treaty. 

The Indians who signed this treaty were the Chippewas, Peewanshemenogh, 
Mamaushegauta, or had legs, Poquaquet, Kiosk, Puckenese, or the spark of fire ; 



k. 



HISTORY OF iIAC05[B COUNTY. 



Nemekas, Qiiicoaquish, Negig ; the Pottawattoiiiies were Tonquish, Skush, Nin- 
iiewa ; and the Wyaudots Skahomat, Miere, or ivalk-in-tJie-water, and lyonayotaha. 
Whittemore Knaggs and William Walker were interpreters. 

THE TREATY OF BROWNSTOWN. 

The Treaty of Brownstown, made November 25, 1808, was an amendatory 
treaty. Hull was the acting commissioner, assisted by Reuben Atwater, Secretar}' 
of Michigan Territory ; Judge James Wetherell, Jacob Visger, District Judge ; Jos. 
Watson, Secretary, L. M. T.; William Brown, Barney Campeau, Lewis Bond, 
A. Lyons, Whittemore Knaggs, William Walker, F. Duchouquet, and Samuel 
Sanders. 

The treaties of later years negotiated by Mr. Schoolcraft or Gen Cass contained 
numerous provisions regarding the Indians of Macomb. From 1830 to 1837, the 
Otchipwes and mongrel savages inhabiting Macomb County saw plainly that their 
old hunting grounds were soon to pass out of their possession. In the former year 
those children of Nature entered upon that westward movement, and in the latter 
their last reserve in this county was parceled out for sale to the men of enterprise 
and industry who came hither about that time to enter on that earnest labor which 
has raised the county to its present status. Henry Tucker accompanied the In- 
dians to their Western reserve. 

TREATY OF SAGINAW. 

The treaty of Saginaw, 1819, was the most important of all the treaties affect- 
ing Indian titles in Michigan. Okemawkekehto, referred to in another page, was 
the chief orator of the tribe. Addressing General Cass, he said : " You do not know 
our wishes. My people wonder what lias brouglit you so far from your homes. 
Your young men have invited us to come and light the Council Fire. We are here 
to smoke the pipe of peace, but not to sell our lands. Our American Father wants 
them. Our English Father treats us better ; he has never asked for tiiem. Your 
people trespass upon our hunting grounds — they flock to our shores. Our waters 
grow warm ; our lands melt like a cake of ice; our possessions grow smaller and 
smaller, the warm wave of the white man rolls in upon us and melts us away ; our 
women reproach us ; our children want homes. Shall we sell from under them the 
spot where they spread their blankets? We have not called you here. We smoke 
with you tiie pipe of peace." General Cass responded, Louis Beaufort, Whitte- 
more Knaggs, Gabriel Godfrey, Louis Campeau, Henry Connor, John Hasson and 
others followed General Cass, and to their temperate, logical language is due the 
negotiation of a treaty which opened up the whole Northern Peninsula to the 
people who now occupy it. 



■f- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



WELL-KNOWN SAVAGES. 

Macompte or Cum-e-kum-e-non. — About the center of tlie eastern boundary of 
the township of Chesterfiekl, on the shore of Lake SaLnt Chair, stood the Indian 
reservation, where resided for many years the chief of tlie tribes, Macompte. This 
chief was well beloved by his nation ; in fact, his voice was the oracle of his 
jjeople, his nod the law of his empire. There was, however, in this region a king 
greater and mightier to destroy than he. This king still reigns, while the warrior 
of the Indians "sleeps the sleep that knows no waking." He was slain by this 
king, whose name is Alcohol. His death was a tragic one. It seems that Macompte 
had been paying a familiar visit to his bosom friend the king, and had partaken too 
freely of the hospitality of his host. Towards evening the chief went down to the 
river, and, with a precipitous rush, glided down its banks into the water, and was 
drowned. In his suicidal intent he passed the residence of Stockton and Clemens. 
The wife of the former gentleman heard the hurried tread of the unfortunate chief 
as he passed on to the river, and heard the splash when he struck the water. Mrs. 
Stockton's testimony was the only direct evidence that tended to convince the 
Indians that his melancholy death was voluntary, — that he had not been murdered 
by the white man, as the ever-suspicious nature of the Indian led them to suppose. 
The event caused considerable excitement through the entire settlement. This 
reservation was located in the southeast part of the township of Chesterfield. The 
body was found the day after the suicide by John Tucker, and the Indians. It was 
buried in the orchard of John Tucker, on P. C. 129 Harrison. It was wrapjied in 
a blue broadcloth blanket, bound by silver brooches, while the hat was ornamented 
with silver bands, a string of sixteen silver crescents, and silver arm bands com- 
pleted the ornamentation of the dead chief's body. All that has been disturbed in 
connection with this grave was a small piece of the enwrapping blanket, taken as 
a curiosity by David Tucker about the year 1840-1. All stories of other inter- 
ference are without foundation. 

Old Macompte, the father of Cum-e-kum-e-non and Francis, died about 1816, 
and was buried in the sand banks beyond New Baltimore. Two men, Vaji Epps and 
Beebe, visited the grave, exhumed a brass rifle, and eloped with the prize. Shortly 
after this Francis Macompte and other Indians, who had gone West under Henry 
Tucker to select a reservation, returned to this point. The former found his father's 
grave tampered with, he discovered who were the actors in the affair, brought them 
before the court at Mount Clemens, where the matter was settled on payment of 
$60. 

Francis Macompte then became chief, with Truckatoe as sub-chief. The latter 
became dissatisfied about the Indian Reserve, and moved with several members of 
the band to Lakeville about 1830. Next under him was Canope, said to be impli- 



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HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



cated in the abduction of the Finch child, a saying without any foundation what- 
ever beyond the fact that the Indian loved the boy, and seemed determined to 
adopt him. 

Those Indians were generally peaceful, and were present at almost all the bees 
of the olden time, not to labor by any means, but to run pony races, and trade with 
the Americans. 

Wittaniss was one of the sub-chiefs of the Huron Indians so early as 1776. 
He was a devoted attache of the British commandants of Detroit, and shared with 
his brother Indians and British soldiery in all the dastardly acts which marked the 
great effort to sustain the reign of tyranny and persecution on this continent. This 
cowardly red-skin and his band made many attempts on the life of Richard Connor 
some yeai's later. The American pioneer was compelled to be always c-n his guard 
against the treachery of those savages. After the i^urchase of the Moravian village by 
Askins and Ancram, the latter appointed \Yittaniss caretaker. In his new office, the 
Indian chief essayed to act the Irish land agent, and accordingly tried to evict Connor ; 
but the new settler frustrated all his designs, treated him to a severe beating, and 
otherwise made life so hideous for the malicious savage, that he was glad to seek 
refuge in the grave a day or so after the British power was for ever broken in the 
United States. 

Keneobe, of Romeo, was present on the treaty ground at Saginaw in Septem- 
ber, 1819. The harsh statements made regarding his connection with the abduc- 
tion of the Finch boy have long since been proven without foundation. In 1827 
Keneobe moved into Canada, stayed some time there, and returned to give assu- 
rances that the reports concerning him were without foundation. He was a savage 
of good parts, and an earnest friend of the American settlers of Northern Macomb. 

An equally bad Indian, bearing a similar name, succeeded Wittaniss, senior. 
The circumstances which surrounded this fellow urged him to adopt a policy of 
conciliation towards tlie American settlers, which policy was carried out. The last 
Wittaniss was an old man when he left the county in 1830. 

Tipsikaw was the athlete of the band near Romeo. He was a powerful 
savage, well built, and, it is said, capable of running down wolves, bears, and, in 
some instances, deer. While liunting in the neighborhood of Almont he dislocated 
his shoulder. Dr. Gleason was called to his aid. All the doctor's physical power 
was not suflScient to replace the dislocated bone, so he tied the arm of the warrior 
to a tree, and then directed him to draw his body forward. This plan was success- 
ful, and Tipsikaw was again ready to resume the chase. This Indian left the 
county in 1837 or 1838. In 1874 he revisited his old hunt grounds, and was found 
weeping by one of the early settlers opposite the site of his former village. 

Tonadoganow was the head chief of the Otchipwe nation. This honor be- 



5.-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



longed to him on account of his debating powers, acute understanding, and great 
prowess in the hunt. He was ugly in every sense. He wore only a hunting shirt 
from April until September, and this hung loosely from his hunch-back. This In- 
dian was accustomed to make periodical visits to the bands in Macomb County, was 
a great factor in the negotiation of two of the treaties referred to in tliis chapter, 
and well known to the first French and American settlers of Mt. Clemens and 
Romeo. 

Okemawkeketo was chief of the tribe for years previous to the reign of Tona- 
doganow. He received from the hereditary chief, Miscobenasa, power to administer 
the office of chief. Old Misco and Okemawkeketo were noble savages, and well- 
known to the pioneers of tliis county. 

Notaquoto, a short, ugly, powerful savage was well known to all the early set- 
tlers. To give an idea of this Indian, Wm. J. Tucker relates that a few Indian 
ponies happened to stray into Sterling township, where they were stabled by Jim 
Bruce. This settler was unaware of the danger of such a proceeding, and his mur- 
der for the act was only averted by tiie timely interference of C. G. Cady, then resid- 
ing at his present house in Sterling. Mr. Cady was returning from church, when 
he met the Indian. Asking him where he was going, the savage pla3'ed with the 
tomahawk and replied that he was going to see Jim Bruce. " He has my horses," said 
Notaquoto, " and I will murder him." Cady prevailed upon the Indian to wait, 
while he himself went to Bruce's. He advised Bruce to set the animals at large, 
which advice was taken, and Notaquoto returned to his reserve with his property. 

THE EAGLE CHIEF. 

The following verses, written by J. E. Day in 1860, refer to the visit of an 
Indian to this district, who in his childhood called it home: 

The Autumn sun fades slowly from the sky, 

And dimly shines his parting light, 
Across the clearing shadows swiftly fly. 

The harbingers of coming night. 
The forest warblers seek their nightly rest, 

The cricket pipes his evening lay. 
While here and there a few dim stars appear, , 

As if to haste the setting sun away. 

The place in beauty and in silence sleeps — 

No dissonance disturbs the scene ; 
But dimly 'neath the moon there comes a form 

Of stately step, of haughty mien, 
His stately tread, his light, elastic step. 

His form which age has slightly [bent. 
His swarthy cheek and ornamented breast 

Bespeak the Indian lineament. 



"71 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Why stands he there so stern, cold and still, 

Whose deeds have challenged men's belief — 
The setting sun of Sonago's daring race, 

Powontonamo — " Eagle Chief ? " 
He lifts his eyes in silence and despair, 

That much their ancient fire impart. 
As mem'ry sweeping o'er him but displays, 

In broken, but unconquered heart. 

Thirty long years have passed away since last. 

He visited the land he stands on now ; 
It is a spot of earth well known to him. 

Though furrowed by the white man's plow, 
And changed, alas ! to him, how sadly changed ; 

For buried 'neath its surface lie 
The only offspring of the Eagle Chief. 

And his young bride — the Sunny Eye. 

He gazed upon the mountain's shaded brow ; 

The clouds that floated o'er his head, 
The river and the trees his youth had known, 

Though leafless now and dark and dead. 
These, still, had left the old familiar look — 

O'er all the rest a change had crept. 
He thought of this, and as the night came on 

He bowed his warrior head and wept. 

''The white man's ax" he said, "has been here too. 

The oak I planted in my youthful pride, 
And watched long years with manhood's care, 

And the sweet vine that climbed its side, 
Have felt the blow, and withered much too soon. 

My bride I claimed beneath its shade, 
And 'neath it our young babes have gamboled oft, 

And 'neath it their short lives were laid. 

" Down yonder stream the Indian's light canoe 

Would shoot, like wild bird on the wing, 
And yonder mountain side would echo back. 

The war cry of our Council ring. 
But all is changed. The white man's power has drove 

Us from our home to slowly die ; 
And now this oak and vine are emblems fit 

Of Eagle Chief and Sunny Eye." 

What wonder that the Eagle's bosom swelled, 
And manhood's tears ran o'er his eheek, 

As memory brought before him all the Past, 
His plans, his wishes, all a wreck. 



-(^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



But mid his grief his pride and anger rose, 

To his dark eye the light had come, 
He strewed the broken arrows o'er the grave, 

And then the Eagle Chief was gone. 

Fisher, a half-breed, who married a sister of Francis Macorapte, committed 
suicide about 1852. It appears he made a cruel husband, so that Macompte took 
his wife from liim, and presented him with an English rifle, as better suited to liim 
than a wife. Fisher and the rifle lived quietly together for some years, when he 
returned to the Salt River Reserve, and there shot himself through the heart. 
About the same time a dog feast was held by the Indians on the Tucker 
farm. 

Neome, the chief of tlie largest division of the Chippewas, occupied and a.ssumed 
to control the southern portion of the tribal domain. Tiie Flint River, with its 
northern afflueiats, was left a little north of the border in full Indian possession by 
the Treaty of 1807. It was called by the savages Pewonunhening, or tlie River of 
the Flint, and by the early French traders La Pierre ; Ihe latter also called the ford 
a few rods below the present Flint City bridge Grand Traverse, vr\\\\e to the village 
in the neighborhood of the ford the Indians gave the name Mus-eu-ta-wa-ingh, which 
translated means the open lilain burned over. 

In point of geographical location, the chief Neome and his powerful band stood 
on the very threshold of the trail leading to the Northwest. To any one standing 
at Detroit and looking northerly to the land lying west of the Lake and River St. 
Clair, it was plain that Neome stood indeed a lion in the path unless well disposed 
toward the American settlers. The old chief was honest and simple-minded ; 
evincing but little of the craft and cunning of his race ; sincere in his nature ; by 
no means astute ; firm in his friendships ; easy to be persuaded by any benefactor 
who should appeal to his Indian sense of gratitude ; harmless and kind-hearted. 
In stature he was short and heavily molded. With his own people he was a chief 
of patriarchal goodness, and his name was never mentioned by his people except 
with a certain veneration, and in more recent years with a traditionary sorrow, 
more impressive in its mournful simplicity than a labored epitaph. 

Keshkaivko. — In April, 1825, the Saginaw savage — Kesh-kaw-ko — killed a 
Huron warrior at Detroit, on the spot now forming the center of the D. & M. R. R. 
depot. The dead Indian was taken to a blacksmith's shop, then occupying the site 
of the Russell House, where the coroner, Benjamin VVoodwortli, held an inquest. 
Kesh-kaw-ko and his son were interned in the old fort, after the jury declared the 
older savage guilty, and the coroner sent him to await trial ; a squaw brought the 
chief some hemlock, which he drank eagerly, and died. His sou, who was no 
party to the deed, escaped. He sought a trail homewards by the Clinton River, 



ihL^ 



HISTORY OF MAC0:MB COUXTY. 



was recognized by some of the Hurons, and pursued almost to the camping ground 
of his tribe. 

This Chippewa desperado, and his son Chemick, were among the principal British 
allies of the War of 1812. Both were known to the pioneers of Macomb, for in 
tliat quarter of the Peninsula those ruffians, with their followers from the Saginaw, 
attacked men, women and children indiscriminately. They did not enter into any 
battles — their warfare being only against the defenceless or unwary. 



This well-known Indian, a nephew of Pontiac, and once the head chief of the 
Otchipwe nation, was born near Knagg's Station on the Shiawassee, about the year 
1763. The earliest account of him states that lie went forth on the war-path in 
1793. In the Legends of the Northwest by Judge Littlejohn, the old chief is intro- 
duced in 1803. Okemos took a prominent part in the battle of Sandusky, which 
won for him the name of the greatest warrior and the chief of his tribe. It appears 
that himself, his cousin Man-i-to-oorh-way, with sixteen other warriors enlisted 
under the British flag, formed a scouting party in search of American scalps, and 
ultimately reached the British rendezvous at Sandusky. Speaking of this period, 
the old scalp-taker said : " One morning while lying in ambush near a road lately 
cut for the passage of the American army and supply wagons, we saw twenty cav- 
alry men approaching Us. Our ambush was located on a slight ridge, with brush 
directly in our front. We immediately decided to attack the Americans although 
they out-numbered us. Our plan was first to fire and cripple them, and then make 
a dash with tlie tomahawk. We waited until they came so near that we could 
count the buttons on their coats, when firing commenced. The cavalrymen with 
drawn sabres immediately charged upon the Indians. The plumes of the cavalry 
men looked like a flock of a thousand pigeons just hovering for a lighting. Myself 
and my cousin fought side by side, loading and firing, while dodging from one cover 
to another. In less than ten minutes after the firing begun the sound of a bugle 
was heard, and casting our eyes in the direction of the sound we saw the roads and 
woods filled with cavalry. The Indians were immediately surrounded, and every 
man cut down. All were left for dead upon the field. Myself and my cousin had 
our skulls cloven, and our bodies gashed in a fearful manner. The cavalrymen 
before leaving the field, in order to be sure life was extinct, would lean forward 
from their horses, and pierce the breasts of the Indians even into their lungs. The 
last I remember is, that after emptying one saddle, and springing toward another 
soldier, with clubbed rifle raised to strike, my head felt as if pierced with a red-hot 
iron, and I went down from a heavy sabre cut. All knowledge ceased from this 
time until many moons afterward, when I found myself nursed by the squaws of 



:|^ 



HISTORY OF iMACOMB COUNTY. 



friends who had found me where I fell two or three days after the engagement. 
The squaws thought all were dead ; but upon moving the bodies of myself and 
Manitocorhoay, signs of life appeared, and we were taken to a place of safety where 
we were nursed until restored to partial health." 

Okemos and his cousin never took part in a battle since tliat time having satis- 
fied themselves that they were wrong then. 

Shortly after his recovery he asked Colonel Gabriel Godfro^s father of Richard 
Godfroy of Grand Rapids, to intercede for him with General Cass, which resulted 
in a treaty between tlie United States and himself and other chiefs — a treaty faith- 
fully observed. In 1837, the small-pox and other causes tended to scatter the band 
near Knagg's Station, where they were located. Previous to this time he was ac- 
customed to wear a blanket-coat with belt, steel pipe, hatchet, tomahawk, and a 
long, English liunting knife. He painted his cheeks and forehead with vermillion, 
wore a shawl around his head a la Turc and leggings. The old scalp-taker for the 
English died in his wig-wam a few miles from Lansing, and was buried at Shim- 
nicon, in Ionia County, December 5, 1858. 



A LEGEND OP CUSICK LAKE. 

That as beautiful a spot as Cusick Lake has remained as long as it has, with- 
out its appropriate legend, is somewliat curious. That it was a place greatly ad- 
mired and frequented by the red man iseertain. The beautiful banks densely covered 
as they once were, with forest trees, before vandalism had done it work on them, 
could not have failed to attract and please the children of nature. Over on the 
island under the murmuring pine and hemlock in the "moon of leaves," the scalp- 
locked warrior wliispered sweet nothings in the ear of his dusky maid and boasted 
of liis prowess in the chase and the field. To Miss Hayner belongs the honor of 
bringing tlie poem to liglit, and of preserving this incident in the history of the 
county. 



Day into night had ahnost grown, 
And all was still and silent and lone, 
And the long night shadows began to break. 
Across the surface of Cusick Lake ; 
When out of the dark and shady wood, 
A maid moved out, and silent stood. 
And gazed across to the other bank, 
Where the willows grew so thick and rank. 
That morn her father, a hunter bold, 
Had left his daughter— Edith Gold, 
While he should go to a distant fort. 
To tell the men of a faint report, 
Of how the Indians late that night. 
After the moon had sank from sight, 



Would creep out in the deepest shade. 
And on the fort make a wild, wild raid. 
The hunter, as he left that morn, 
Told his daughter not to mourn. 
While he was gone to the fort to warn. 
He said that ere the sun sank low. 
He should have warned them of the foe; 
And when upon her ears should fall. 
Her father's well-known signal call. 
She must launch the birch canoe. 
And meet him where the willow grew. 
But the sunset hour had come and pissed. 
And the twilight rays were fading fast; 
At length it grew so dark and late, 



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HISTORY OP MACOJIB COUNTY. 181 


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She went to the bank, to watch and wait ; 


All harshly on the still night air. 






She looked away to the other side. 


A moment she let her oars droop. 






And still she looked, and looking, sighed. 


For she knows 'tis the Indians' wild war whoop 






The darkness hovered closer round. 


That sets the echoes all in chase 






The shadows thickened on the ground. 


Around that lone and silent place. 






The moon came up with silvery light. 


But now she seizes oar again. 






And gazed upon that lonely sight ; 


With doubled strength and giddy brain 






There in the edge of the forest shade. 


She sends the little birch canoe 






With anxious look, stood the woodland miid ; 


Fairly flying onward, through 






Her hair all streaming to the night ; 


The waters of the placid lake. 






Her face all pale and gleaming while 


Hark ! a cry from the willow's shade, 






Is lifted to the arching sky, 


" Edith, be quick !" it said to the maid ; 






While she besought her God on high 


"On, on, brave girl! one effort more. 






To shield her father on his way, 


And you will touch on the island shore." 






And lead him from where dangers lay. 
All round 'tis still as silent death. 
Naught is stirred by a single breath, 
But hark ! was it, was that a sound, 
That stirred the still night air around? 


She gathers all her strength, 
She throws it on the oar. 
But see ! it breaks, it breaks, 
And she's not yet at shore. 






She gasps for breath, she peers across 


The hunter tried, but all in vain. 






To where the breeze makes the willows toss ; 


His daughter and the boat to gain. 






Is it all a fancy, or does she see 


Their savage foes soon seized and bound. 






A form in the shade of the waving tree? 


No mercy at their hands they found ; 






Quickly she turned and made way to 


And when the sun rose o'er the hill, 






The place where lay the birch canoe. 


There hunters found them lying still — 






Then came the well-known signal cry, 


No motion, groan, or faintest breath. 






Now to the rescue she must fly ; 


But stiff and cold in silent death. 






She takes her place, she seizes oar. 


Their white friends made a double grave 






And swiftly pushes from the shore. 


In which to lay the fair and brave. 






The water eddies round the boat, 


Upon the island a lonely mound. 






The lilies swiftly past her float, 


That marks the spot, may still be found. 






The little pine wood point is passed, 


Many a time have mirth and song 






The trees and banks receding fast, 


Mingled and floated the trees among. 






Her boat is far out in the lake. 


'Neath which the hunter, brave and bold, 






When a wild, blood.curdling yell doth break 


Sleeps with his daughter, Edith Gold. 






EARLY TRADERS A 


ND INTERPETERS. 






Henry Connor, or Wah-be-sken-dip, 


was superior to all the traders of that 






period in disposition and manner. He was 


1 man possessing great muscular strength, 






yet gentle as a child, and only physically p 


owerful where justice should be enforced 






or some important point carried. He was 


a faithful interpreter between the Indian 






counselors and United States commissionc 


rs during the treaty negotiations. After 






the treaty of 1819, he entered on a trader" 


3 life, and continued to the close to merit 






the confidence and esteem of the savag 


2S, Frenchmen, and Americans. Connor 






was present at the deatli of Tecumseh, 


October 5, 1813, when James Whitty 




encountered the great Indian and killed hi 


m. Whitty and Gen. Johnson, he stated, 


^ k 


1-^ 




^ 


a r- 


"> ' e) 


^/ 











HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



attacked the warrior simultaneously ; but tlie former began and ended that act in 
the battle of the Thames. 

Henry Nelson, another Indian trader known to the old settlers of Macomb, 
removed from the Huron to the Saginaw district in 1821, and thence with the In- 
dians to Isabella County, where he died a few years ago. 

The St Martins were an old and respectable family. Tlie first of the name 
who came to America was Adhemar Sienr de St. Martin. He settled in Quebec 
and held the office of Royal Notary as early as 1660. One of his grand -children 
came to Detroit in 1740. In April, 1750, is recorded a grant of land (a portion of 
the now Cass farm) to Jean Baptiste Labutte dit St. Martin. It was his son who 
became interpreter of the Huron language, and who figured conspicuously 
during the Pontiac conspiracy in 1763. His services were highly appreciated by 
Gladwyn, who in his sweeping denunciation of the inhabitants during the siege, 
always excepts his interpreter, St. Martin. In 1770 he married Marianne, the 
second daughter of Robert Navarre (Tonton, the Writer, as he was called, to dis- 
tinguish him from his son Robert, whose sobriquet was Robishe, the Speaker). 
At the marriage of St. Martin and Marianne Navarre, de Bellestre, the last Frencli 
commander of Fort Pontchartrain, was present. His family history was closely 
woven in the destiny of this fort of La Mothe Cadillac. De Tonty and another De 
Bellistre, uncles of his, had been among its first commanders. It was a melancholy 
irony of fate, that he should be obliged to resign to the English the post which his 
ancestors had struggled so nobly to retain. De Bellestre organized the first militia 
in this part of the country, and gave the command to his brother-in-law, Alexis de 
Ruisseaux, who had married a Godfrey. St. Martin died a few years after his 
marriage, leaving a young widow and three children — one boy and two girls. 

The Tucker family is referred to in the pioneer history of the county. In the 
same chapter the Connors aie dealt with. 

Jean Provencal, or Arvishtoia, appointed Indian blacksmith by Gen. Cass, 
possessed many good qualities which endeared him to the whites as well as to the 
Indians. William Tucker, and other old residents of Macomb, remember him well, 
aand substantiate what has been said of him. 

Edivard Campau, or Now-o-ke-shick, lost an arm from the accidental discharge 
of his rifle, while hunting in this county. Notwithstanding the rude, surgical 
operation, which onl}' the medicine man of that time could perform, he survived, 
and continued among the most active and popular trappers of this district, until 
his journey to the Northwest. 

Gabriel Godfrey, known as Menissid, was a trader from the lower Huron 
country. He was one of the family to whom was deeded the lands where Ypsilanti 
now stands. His visits to the upper Huron or Clinton were few, j'et his acquaint- 



ik^ 



HISTORY OF 5IACOMB COUNTY. 



ance among the French and American pioneers of Macomb was extensive. Rich- 
ard Godfrey, his son, now dwells at Grand Rapids in this State. 

Archibald Lyons, was, like many of the white inhabitants of the country 
bordering on Lake St. Clair, engaged in trapping. In 1818 he left the district, 
now known as Macomb and St. Glair counties, for the Saginaw valley, where he 
married the beauty of the tribe — Ka-ze-zhe-ah-be-no-qua. This woman was a 
French half-breed, peculiarly superior to all around her, highly intelligent, and in 
possession of principles which could not sanction a wrong. Lyons, while skatino- 
down the Saginaw River, in 1821, to play for a dancing party, fell through the ice, 
and was never seen again. After the death of her husband, the widowed Ka-ze- 
zhe-ah-be-no-qua married Antoine Peltier, who moved from Harrison Township to 
Lower Saginaw. 

Francois Tremble, grandfather of the Trembles referred to in this section of the 
work, was well known from Montreal to Detroit and the Riviere Aux Hurons so 
early as 1782. Ten j-ears later, 1792, he visited the Saginaw Indians, which proved 
to be his first and last exploratory trip. It appears this adventurous Frenchman 
was drowned while ilying far away from an Indian camp. The story of his death 
states, that he made a spear for an Indian to be used in killing muskrats; another 
Indian came forward to beg a similar favor, and for him Tremble made still a better 
spear-head. Indian No. 1 grew jealous, abused the good hunter, and ultimately 
stabbed him in the back. Retiring to his boat he set sail for his home on Lake St. 
Clair, but never reached the place. It is supposed he was knocked overboard by 
the boom of his boat, and was drowned in the waters of Lake Huron. 

Captain Joseph F. Marsac was born near Detroit on Christmas day, 1793, and 
was known from his native place to Fort St. Joseph or Gratiot and thence to Mich- 
ilimackinac. Marsac was the happiest model of the Franco -American — genial 
as man could be, he endeared himself to all around him — to all, with whom he 
came in contact. During the Black Hawk War excitement he was one of the first 
to organize a military company and take the field with the rank of captain. 

Captain Leon Snay, a hunter and trajjper of great repute, belonged to the 
better class of French traders, and held the military commission of captain. Like 
Marsac, he was well known to all the old American settlers of Macomb as well as 
to tlie Indians and his own people. 

Peter G-ruette, Francois Corbin, John Harson, with other traders, hunters, 
trappers, and interpreters, who established temporary posts on the Clinton, Flint, 
Shiawassee, Black River, etc., made this county a rendezvous, and won the respect 
of the American pioneers. 

Harvey Williams of Detroit, now of Saginaw, one of the few survivors of the 
Detroit settlers of 1818, in his journey to Saginaw in 1822, with supplies for the 



HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



troops stationed there, had to ford the Clinton River at five different jioints. The 
Indians and first American settlers of Macomb knew Uncle Harvey well. Though 
not a trader in the full sense of the term his dealings with the savages as well as 
with the civilized inhabitants was extensive and honorable. 

Dunois, or Du Nor, was one of the first and best known interpreters under 
American rule. His order to ihe Indians was a law. It is related that upon one 
occasion he visited the house of John Tucker, and asked him to tell the chief of 
the Salt River band to meet him at the Tucker House on Friday night. Anowi- 
sickau, brother of Francis Macompte, met him as appointed, and both went into 
the forest in the darkness of that winter's night. This visit resulted in finding a 
U. S. cavalry horse stolen from Detroit. 

Leon St. Greorge, born at Montreal, Canada, in 1774, came to Michigan in his 
youth and made a settlement between Detroit and the Clinton or Riviere Aux 
Hurons. This French-Canadian afterward removed to Detroit, and cleared the 
land where the city hall stands as well as many acres in the vicinity. When the 
war of 1812 broke out, St. George joined the American troops, and fought through 
it to its close. After the close of the campaign he became a trader among the 
Hurons and Chippewas, and was well known to the pioneers of Macomb County. 
His death took place in 1880. 

Oliver Williams settled at Detroit in 1807, where he engaged in mercantile 
life, and become one of the largest dealers then in the Peninsula, bringing at one 
time from Boston a stock of goods valued at $6-1,000. In 1811, the sloop Friends' 
Grood Will was built for him, which was cajotured by the British and called The 
Little Belt. Referring to this $64,000 matter, Mr. C. G. Cady states positively 
that when he arrived at Detroit, he could carry all the merchandise it contained to 
Mt. Clemens. 

Captain John Farley of the United States Artillery was among the early visi- 
tors to Mt. Clemens. 

Michel Medor, Joseph Benoit, Leon and Louis Tremble, whose grandfather is 
referred to in this chapter, were among the traders known to the Indians, French, 
and Americans of Macomb County previous to»and for years after its organi- 
zation. 

Benjamin Uushway was born at Detroit in 1809, and died at Saginaw May 25, 
1881. In 1832, he was appointed Indian blacksmith at Saginaw. He was known 
among the early settlers of Macomb, particularly among the French. 

Edivard McCarthy an Irish revolutionist of 1798, came to Detroit in 1829, 
passed some time near Mt. Clemens, and ultimately continued hi.s travels to the 
Northwest, where he died. 

Buret Le Paries, Dominique Snay, Louis Duprat, William Thebo, Joseph 



K^ 



HISTORY OF :\rACOMB COUA'TY. 



Alloir, Antoine Tremble, John Tremble, Francois G. Tremble, William J. Tucker, 
were among the children of the county when it was organized. 

Whittimore and James Knaggs, brothers, of French-Canadian or French- 
English descent, were among the early white inhabitants of the Huron Country, 
and if friendships, dealings and periodical stays in the neighborhood of the Reviere 
aux Hurons could bring the title, they were among the first white settlers of 
Macomb County. Judge Witherell, in referring to those Frenchmen, says : " Capt. 
Knaggs was a firm and unflinching patriot in times when patriotism was in demand, 
during the War of 1812. He was one of the Indian interpreters, spoke freely six or 
seven of their languages, together with French and English, and exercised great influ- 
ence over many warrior tribes. On the surrender of Detroit to the enemy, he was 
ordered by the British Commandant to leave the Territory, and did so, of course, 
but joined the first corps of United States troops that advanced toward the frontier. 
He acted as guide to the division under Gen. Winchester, and was present at the 
bloody defeat in the valley of the Raisin. The British Indians discovered him 
after the surrender and determined to kill him. There liappened to be present an 
Indian whom Knaggs had defended in former years, who resolved to save the pale- 
face at every hazard; but the savages would not listen to him. Nothing daunted, 
liowever, the brave red-warrior placed himself between Knaggs and his foes, and 
succeeded in keeping them off for some time. The savages pressed closer, and as 
a dernier resort the friendly Indian seized Knaggs round the waist, kept his own 
body between the white man and his enemies, and so prevented the repeated blows 
of tomahawk and war-club from taking effect upon the head of Winchester's 
French guide. This mode of defence continued until both Knaggs and the Indian 
sought refuge among a number of horses which stood harnessed close by. Heie 
Knaggs was enabled to avoid the blows aimed at his head, until a British officer, 
not so savage as his Indian allies, interposed, and saved the guide from a cruel 
death." Knaggs survived this terrible trial for many years, and rendered good 
service to the United in the negotiation of Indian treaties. James Knaggs was 
present at the death of Tecumseh, and was considered one of the most unflinciiing 
and honorable supporters of the American troops. A member of the Avei-y family 
of Monroe County, Mich., bears tiie highest testimony to the Knaggs Brothers. 

Jaeoh Smith, or Wah-be-sins, settled with his parents in Northern Ohio, whence 
he pushed forward to the Detroit and Huron district, where he remained some years. 
During the rambles of the Young Swan, he won the friendship of the Hurons and 
Otchipwes, and as his intercourse with them became more extensive, he entered 
into all their manners and customs, sympathized with them, and claimed in return 
their earnest friendship. After some years passed among the Indians of the Clinton 
or Huron River, he moved to Flint, where he died of disease in 1825. Baptiste 



!> "V 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Cochois, or Nickaniss, was the only white friend present at his death ; Annemekins, 
the Indian boy whom he adopted, was the only red-man who witnessed the dying 
struggles of this popular trader. To Smith is due the rescue of the Boyers of 
Mount Clemens. 

Patrice Reaume, or Wemetigoji, was a native of Quebec. For a period of 
eight years he traded among the Indians of the Clinton or Huron and the Raisin 
districts, where he was well and favorably known. Ultimately he was appointed 
factor for the American Fur Company at the post near Pontiac, and subsequently 
at the Tittabawassee and Saginaw. 

Louis De Quindre, named Missabos, was a friend of Reaume, and, like him, a 
trader. He, too, was known to the pioneers of Macomb County, where he made 
his home for some years. 

Jacob G-radroot, or Graveraet, husband of the daughter of the fierce Keskawko, 
was a German, who settled for a while at Albany, N. Y. Moving West, he settled 
at Detroit; moved to Harrison township in Macomb, and thence to what is now 
called Bay County. 

Louis Bemifait, or Wagash, was one of the most favorably known and genial 
men in the Michigan of 1800-1820. He was much younger than Smith or Reaume, 
was a friend of each and all of his fellow-traders, and being so, was the great 
peacemaker in the traders' circle ; his calm, gentle and sound reasoning always 
prevailed. 

Barney Canvpau, a nephew of Louis and Joseph Campau, better known as 
Oshkinawe, was well fitted for the life of a trader or hunter. He was honest in all 
his dealings with the savages, and on this account they stj'led him Young Man, and 
ac(][uiesced in all his propositions. 

DISTINGUISHED EARLY SETTLERS. 

Among the pioneers of Michigan best known to the earl}'^ settlers of Macomb, 
the first was, undoubtedly, Lewis Cass. The first Chief Justice, A. B. Woodward, 
and Judge Witherell, were equally well known ; while to the first French settlers 
of this county, all the members of the Campeau familj' were linked by innumerable 
interchanges of service. 

Gen. Lewis Cass, successor of the inglorious Hull, in the governorship of the 
Territory of Michigan, 1813, held his high oiSce until appointed a member of the 
United States Cabinet, as Secretary of War in 1831. In 1836 he received the port- 
folio of minister to France, which office lie filled until 1842. In January, 1845 he 
was elected member of the United States Senate. Throughout his public life, 
from his efforts to combat Hull's treachery in 1812 to the close of his career, he 
was one of the first citizens of the Union. His death brought mourning not only 



rf* 



^ 



HISTORY OF jMACOMB COUNTY. 



into the homes of the Michigan people, but also into the villages of the Otchipwes, 
Pottawatomies, and Ottawas, whose admiration he won during the earlier years of 
his service in Micliigan. 

Lewis Cass, born at Exeter, N. H., October 9, 1782, died at Detroit, Mich., 
June 17, 18G6. General Cass was known to the Indians, French and Americans 
from the establishment of the territory forward. The services which he rendered 
this State particularly can never be over-estimated. 

Rev. Gabriel Richards, of the Order of St. Sulpice, was born at Saint<is, Clarente 
Inferieur, France, October 15, 1764. His mother was a relative of the illustrious 
Bossiiet. He arrived at Baltimore, June 24, 1792, and at Detroit in June, 1798. 
He was the first delegate of Michigan to tlie Congress of the United States, being 
elected in 1823. His death took place at Detroit, during the cholei-a plague, Sep- 
tenrber 13, 1832. 

Marqim Jacques Campeau was born at Detroit, in 1730. He was the son of 
La Motte Cadillac's secretary, a soldier who accompanied the French troops to that 
post in 1701. Marquis J. Campeau may be considered the first white settler of 
Michigan. He sought a home beyond the Fort in 1757, just one year before Nich- 
olas Patenande began a squatter's life in the district now known as Macomb. He 
erected the Catholic Church near his home in 1778. 

Joseph Campeau was born at Detroit, February 20, 1769. In 1786 he com- 
menced trading in real estate. This fact, together with his various commercial 
enterprises, made his name a household word in the homes of the early French 
settlers. 

Christian Clemens, John Stockton, Gen. Brown, and a number of other pioneers 
of the State, noticed in other sections of this work, are well and favorably remem- 
bered by the pioneers of this county. 

Robert Abbott, son of James Abbott, of Dublin, Ireland, was bom at Detroit, 
in 1771. He is said to be the first man, speaking our language, who opened busi- 
ness at the old post of Detroit. His father and himself were identified with the 
early fur traders, and were known from Detroit to Mackinaw and thence to Chicago. 
The dealings of Robert Abbott with the early settlers of Macomb came next in 
importance to the business connection of the Campeaus. 

CAPTIVITY OF THE BOYER FAMILY. 

Previous to the peace of 1815, the Chippewas beyond the Huron County were 
as savage as they were in the Sixteenth Century. Shortly after the close of the 
war, Mr. Boyer, wife and children were abducted from their homes near Mount 
Clemens to that country, which no white being ever entered save as a pinioned 
captive. At that time the traders had not penetrated the valley of the Saginaw, 



^ 



>?■. 



HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



and possibly would not for many years afterwards, had not this abduction of the 
white settlers of Macomb incited one, at least of the traders to venture into the 
den of savages. The enterprise was undertaken by Jacob Smith, the trader of tlie 
Flint, and resulted successfully. The Boyer family was rescued not only from the 
most foul bondage, but also from death itself, which was to be meted out to them 
in a few days, had they not been rescued by the intrepid trader. The par- 
ticulars of this abduction are set forth in the following statement: Some 
time before the actual commencement of any settlement at Mount Cle- 
mens, occurred an incident worthy of mention here. A vast camp of Indians 
had collected for some purpose at the present site of East Saginaw ; in going bj' 
this settlement on their way to this camp an Indian liad captured a little boy and 
girl named Boyer from along the river near the old Edward Tucker farm, and had 
carried them away. All search in the vicinity proving vain, and suspicion falling 
upon some Indians which had passed on their way to Saginaw, a brave and stalwart 
trapper named Smith, set out alone through the dark woods and over the vast 
country that intervenes, to rescue the boy and girl. Arriving at the Indian camp 
he was recognized as a friendly interpreter; after days of dallying and shrewd 
negotiations, started joyfully for home, with the little waifs, where he arrived in 
due time to gladden a mother's aching heart and a father's sadness with the sight of 
the loved ones. The boy Boyer, since grown to be an aged man, lived until quite 
recently, to our personal knowledge, near Swan Creek ; but to the day of his death 
the sight of an Indian would appal him and arouse fears which no effort could over- 
come. 

"The little story just related serves to give an idea of the means of travel, 
and manner of life of our first settlers. There was a period of thirty years of this 
following of trails and paddling of canoes before the project of the turn-pike was 
thought of. Those were years of ceaseless watchfulness, of constant alarm, of 
occasional bloodshed, and daily battle witli those privations incident upon frontier 
life. But they were years of enterprise, of determined effort, and finally of suc- 
cess in the planting of a flourishing settlement." 

THE LOST CHILD. 

One of the true characteristics of the Indian in the earlier settlement of the 
West was the abduction and adoption of white children. We have had to record 
as a part of the history of the early settlement of each of the counties at least one 
case of child stealing; nor does Macomb County lack an incident of the kind. We 
give the case as detailed by Mrs. Bailey, of Romeo, a short time previous to her 
death. 

On the last day of March, 1828, Alanson Finch, a four-year-old son of Albert 



-» — ^t^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Finch, one of the pioneers of Washington Township, was stolen by the Indians. 
Tlie child, together with an elder brother, was returning home from the sugar bush, 
when one suggested to the other the idea of trying who could reach home first by 
two separate routes. The elder one said he would go across Mr. Bailey's field, and 
the younger across that of their father. Tliey started, the distance to the house by 
either way being but about a quarter of a mile. The elder child reached home safely 
and was anxiously interrogated by his mother as to the whereabouts of his little bro- 
ther. He told the circumstances of their separate journeys home, and closed by 
saying that he had given his brother the shortest way, and anticipated finding him at 
home. Search was immediately instituted, and after many futile efforts to discover 
the lost one by his friends and the immediate neighbors, the alarm spread through 
all the settlements in the County, and the entire male portion of them turned out 
to a man, and scoured the woods in every direction ; but their charitable intentions 
and endeavors proved unavailing, and after many days they desisted. The child 
was never found. 

Suspicion rested upon an Indian called Kanobe, who had taken a remarkable 
interest in the child for many months previous to its disappearance. He would go 
to Mr. Finch's house, and, taking the child upon his knee, would teach him the In- 
dian language ere the little one could scarcely prattle the mother tongue. This 
suspicion was strengthened by the fact that Kanobe left the settlement simulta- 
neously with the abduction or loss of the child. Returning, however, he solemnly 
assured Mr. Bailey that neither he nor any of the Indians abducted the child. In 
later years the skull of a boj' was found in the neighborhood, which skull is now in 
possession of Dr. S. L. Andrews. It corresponds with such an one as would be- 
long to the lost boy. 

Some sixteen years after the child was stolen, a person of about twenty years of 
age came to Romeo and claimed to be Alanson Finch. He told a very plausible story 
about having been brought up by an Indian, by whom he was told that he had been 
stolen in his childhood, etc. But when he came to be identified by the Baileys and 
others, who had known the missing child, he utterly failed in the most prominent 
points of his claim. He finally left the place, not without leaving some credulous 
enough to suppose tliat he was the genuine Alanson Finch, and not the impostor 
that he really was. Further than this, the affair is involved in the usual myste- 
rious surroundings of similar cases. The same maternal sufferings were endured 
by the fond mother at the loss of her darling ; the same heroic endeavors were 
made to recover the lost one ; and the same surmises were indulged in tliat have 
characterized all such instances since the white man first became the antagonist of 
the treacherous Indian. And thus the 'matter rests until the final moment, when 
all secrets shall be made known, all mysteries solved. Many are apt to attribute 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the abduction to the fact that the Finch boys were supposed to have taken some 
Indian ponies. In retaliation the Indians are said to have stolen the boy. 

THE INDIANS' KAID. 

In the year 1812, while Elisha Harrington was occupying what is known as the 
Harrington farm, the Chippewas made a raid on the settlement. Driving into the 
village, whooping and flourishing their weapons, the savages dismounted, tying 
tlieir horses to the trees of the old orchard at Frederick. Of course the Harring- 
tons fled. The Indians in undisturbed possession gave themselves up to plunder 
and rapine, feasting and debauchery. They burned down the barns, the fences, 
and other improvements. The surrender of the traitorous Hull at Detroit to the 
British and their savage allies suggested this sudden foray. Elated with that vic- 
tory, in which they claimed an equal share of ylory with the British, they moved 
simultaneously upon all the settlements in the district of Detroit, in precisely the 
same manner as they did on the old settlement at Frederick. It was a sad time for 
the American settlers. Added to the humiliation of that disgraceful and infamous 
and treacherous action of Hull, were the dangers of savage forays. Many families 
fled to Detroit for safety, and among the number was that of Elisha Harrington, 
fleeing for protection to the very center of the arch-enemy who prompted the In- 
dians to take those inhuman measures. 

The old orchard, where tlie savages secured their horses, may still be seen at 
Frederick, and the gnarled and ancient trees yet stand, bearing the marks of the 
gnawing teeth of those wild ponies, which browsed there, while their wilder mas- 
ters were indulging in rapine and murder. 

In 1817, Elislia Harrington returned to the home from which he was forced to 
flee, only to find it in possession of a dozen of Canadians. On stating his case 
those men moved to the present site of Utica village, where they settled. 

INDIANS ON THE TRAIL OF AN AMERICAN. 

The spirit Ijreathed into the Indians of the Wj'andot district by tiieir British 
masters, from 1774 totlie period when the British troops were driven from this land, 
was pregnant with danger to the American frontiersman, and even more so to him 
who Iiappened to dwell within tlie lines of those who essayed to enslave us. This 
spirit is portrayed in one of the stories of the past, related by Edgar Weeks, and 
founded on facts elicited by him from the best authorities. It appears that one of 
the settlers, located east of the present city of Mt. Clemens, supposed to be a 
member of the Tuckar family, had offended the Indians in tiiat neighborhood, 
which offense created much disaffection among the Indians, and drew down upon 
him their hatred. For days and weeks lie followed his daily avocations with the 
full knowledge that the malignant eye of some forest demon watched all his move- 



- ® 



-±. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ments and waited an opportunity to carry out their designs toward him. For this 
reason he was accustomed to carry his well-kept rifle on his shoulder, always ready 
for any emergency — alwa3's prepared to meet his foe. Notwithstanding the com- 
mission which the Indians received from the British, to take the scalp of every 
American who fell into their hands, it is believed a special order was given the 
chiefs to respect the lives and properties of the Tuckar and Connor families ; the 
former on account of services rendered by one of them in the Pontiac affair, the 
other on account of his usefulness as interpreter, politician, and trader. Therefore 
the Indians not only feared tlie man himself, but lived in greater dread of the law 
as propounded at Fort La Pontchairn in this connection. They dared not take the 
life of Tuckar ; but rather conspired to abduct him to the Sagenong, or great camp 
of the tiibe, retain him in captivity, and expose him to those savage tests — those 
excesses of inhumanity, which the conquerors of the .Sauks inflicted on enemies or 
imaginary enemies who fell into their hands. With the expulsion of the Britisli, 
and the rise of the white man to his natural position, the demoniac enemies of 
Tuckar sunk their passions in their interest, and evinced a most friendly disposition 
toward this pioneer. 

VISIT TO THE INDIAN VILLAGE. 

Previous to the departure of the Hurons from Macomb Count}', it was certainly 
worth one's while to visit one of their villages. A Frenchman who visited them 
in 1808 or 1810 described their villages on the Clinton at that time. He says : " I 
remember one fine afternoon about ten years ago, accompanying an old Indian 
trader thither. Seated in a light canoe, and each armed with a paddle we started 
from the mouth of the river for the ostensible purpose of bartering with the Indians 
for furs, etc. For my part I was perfectly delighted with the idea, as I never had 
an opportunity hitherto of seeing the Indians at home, at least during the Summer 
season. The river was sufficiently agitated to cause our tiny boat to rock dreamily, 
and as we sped onwards the rich wavelets leaped and sported against our canoe's 
prow and sides, like sportive kittens, ever and anon greeting our faces with a damp 
paw, that was by no means unpleasant. On, on we sped, now under the shadow of 
the green woods, now by the fringed, rich border of the clearings, or by the grass- 
covered marsh. We could see from a bend in the river the Indian village, and 
hear the wild, joyous shouts of the dusky juveniles as they pursued their uncouth 
sports and games. As we approached their camp what a busy and exhilarating 
scene was presented to our view ! I clapped my hands in the exuberance of my 
spirits, for never before had I witnessed a scene so full of real, unaffected natural 
happiness as there greeted my senses. My companion did not appear to share in 
my enthusiasm, owing, doubtless, to the fact that he was accustomed to such 
scenes. Little Indian boys and girls could be seen prowling around like little 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Cupids — some wrestling, some shooting with tiny bows and arrows, some paddling 
their toy canoes, wliile others sported in the waters of the river like so many am- 
phibia, each striving to excel the other in the manner and demonstration of its 
enjoyment. 

Superannuated Indians and squaws sat by the tent-doors, looking on with a 
quiet, demure pleasure, or arranging some toy or trinket for a favorite little toddler, 
while the more efficient were engaged in various occupations. Oh ! how I longed 
for an artist's skill, that I might sketch the wild and picturesque scene. Here, 
thought I, is human nature in its free, untrammeled state. Care seemed to be a 
stranger to those children of Nature ; no thought of sorrow seemed to engross their 
minds ; and the world, with all its vicissitudes and vexations, was allowed to pass 
along unnoticed by them. Buoyancy of spirit was a striking feature in their char- 
acter. As we drew our canoe out upon the beach, the Indians came forward to 
greet us, and with a hearty shake of the hand, wished us a cordial bon jour. Tlie 
dusky urchins left their sports to take a full survey of the visitors ; wliich having 
done, they returned co their games with a yelp and a bound. 

Situated upon tlie greenest and most beautiful portion of the camp ground 
wore a number of white and neat looking tents, whicli were closed, and isolated 
from the dingv, smoky tepees of the village. The trader, who seemed a sort of 
privileged character, was entirely at home ; while I, considering myself among 
strangers, clung to him, and followed him wherever he went, not venturing to throw 
myself upon my own responsibility. I was therefore pleased when I saw him 
start toward the white tents, for I was curious to know what they contained. 
Drawing aside the canvas, he entered without ceremony, I, of course, following- 
after. Seated upon beautiful mats of colored rushes, whicli served as carpets and 
divans, were some three or four good-looking squaws, very neatly and even richly 
attired in the fanciful style of the native, busily engaged in embroidering and orna- 
menting moccasins, broad-cloth leggings, and blankets with variegated beads and 
poi'cupine quills. Everything around evinced the utmost order, neatness and taste. 
No bustling nichee or dirty urchin was allowed the freedom of those apparently 
consecrated tents; but all was quiet and calm within ; and if converse were carried 
on it was in that calm, soft, musical tone so peculiar to them. So, so, thought I, 
liere we have a sort of aristocracy — a set of exclusives, and a specimen of high life 
among the natives ; yet it was just that kind of high life in many respects, after 
which their white sisters might take pattern. No idle gossipping or scandal was 
indulged in ; they quietly plied their needles, and kept their counsels to them- 
selves. If they had occasion to visit their neighbors' tents it was done quietly and 
pleasantly, after which business was resumed. 

This description of the Indian villages on the Reviere Aux Hurons, or Clinton 



^1 



-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



is based upon fact. Thougli the Wyandot or Huron is now far away from his 
olden land, his wife, or sister, or mother may look back with pride to their settle- 
ments by Lake St. Clair, and in charity wish that the new Americans there will be 
as happy their fathers were. 

MANNERS AND CUSTOMS. 

The art of hunting not only supplied the Indian with food, but, like that of 
war, was a means of gratifying his love for distinction. The male children, as soon 
as they acquired sufficient age and strength, were furnished with a bow and arrow 
and taught to shoot birds and other small game. Success in killing a large quad- 
ruped required years of careful study and practice, and the art was as sedulously 
inculcated in the minds of the rising generation as are the elements of reading, 
writing and arithmetic in the common schools of civilized communities. The 
mazes of the forest and the dense, tall grass of the prairies were the best fields for 
the exercise of the hunter's skill. No feet could be impressed in the yielding soil 
but that the tracks were the object of the most searching scrutiny, and revealed at 
a glance the animal that made them, the direction it was pursuing, and the time 
that had elapsed since it had passed. In a forest country he selected the valleys, 
because they were most frequently the resort of game. The most easily taken, 
perhaps, of all the animals of the chase was the deer. It is endowed with a curi- 
osity which prompts it to stop in its flight and look back at the approaching hunter, 
who always avails himself of this opportunity to let fly the fatal arrow. 

Their general councils were composed of the chiefs and old men. When in 
council, they usually sat in concenti'ic circles around the speaker, and each indi- 
vidual, notwithstanding what rankled within, preserved an exterior as immovable as 
if cast in bronze. Before commencing business a person appeared with the sacred 
pipe, and another with fire to kindle it. After being lighted it was first presented 
to heaven, secondly to the earth, thirdly to the presiding spirit, and lastly the 
several counselors, each of whom took a whiff. These formalities were observed 
with as close exactness as state etiquette in civilized courts. 

The dwellings of the Indians Avere of the simplest and rudest character. On 
some pleasant spot by the bank of a river, or near an ever-running sjiring, they 
raised their groups of wigwams, constructed of the baric of trees, and easily taken 
down and removed to another spot. The dwelling places of the chiefs were some- 
times more spacious, and constructed with greater care, but of the same materials. 
Skins taken in the chase served them for repose. Though principally dependent 
upon hunting and fishing, the uncertain supply from those sources led them to cul- 
tivate small patches of corn. Every family did everything necessary within itself, 
commerce, or an interchange of articles, being almost unknown to them. In cases 
of dispute and dissension, each Indian relied upon himself for retaliation. Blood 
13 



riV 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



for blood was the rule, and the relatives of tlie slain man were bound to obtain 
bloody revenge for his death. This principle gave rise, as a matter of course, to 
innumerable bitter feuds, and wars of extermination where such were possible. 
War, indeed, rather than peace, was the Indian's glory and delight, — war, not con- 
ducted as civilization, but war where individual skill, endurance, gallantry and 
cruelty were prime requisites. For such a purpose as revenge the Indian would 
make great sacrifices, and display a patience and perseverance truly heroic ; but 
when the excitement was over, he sank back into a listless, unoccupied, well-nigh 
useless savage. During the intervals of his more exciting pursuits, the Indian 
occupied his time in decorating his person with all the refinement of paint and 
feathers, and in the manufacture of his arms and of canoes. These were con- 
structed of bark, and so light that they could easily be carried on the shoulder from 
stream to stream. His amusements were the war-dance, athletic games, the narra- 
tion of his exploits, and listening to the oratory of the chiefs ; but during long 
periods of such a pei'iod he remained in a state of torpor, gazing listlessly upon the 
trees of the forests and the clouds that sailed above them ; and this vacancy im- 
printed an habitual gravity, and even melancholy, upon his general deportment. 

The main labor and drudgery of Indian communities fell upon the women. 
The planting, tending and gathering of the crops, making mats and baskets, carry- 
ing burdens — in fact, all things of the kind were performed by them, thus making 
their condition but little better tiian that of slaves. Marriage was merely a matter 
of bargain and sale, the husband giving presents to the father of the bride. In 
general they had but few children. They were subjected to many and severe 
attacks of sickness, and at times famine and pestilence swept away whole tribes. 



CHAPTER XII. 

THE FRENCH PIONEERS. 

The Griffin was finished Aug. 4, 1679, and her sails set, a trial trip made, 
and the name she bore bestowed upon her by Father Hennepin. On the 
fifth, five small cannon were placed in position. The seventh was the day 
appointed for entering upon that voyage over tlie G-itchi Gomee or great inland seas. 
The morning arrived ; the sun shone forth, as it were, over a sea of gold ; a favor- 
ing breeze played upon the waters ; the cataract of Niagara, six miles below, 
reduced its roar to music ; while from La Salle's new fortress the song of the Te 
Demu swelled upon the morning air. The sails were set, Robert De La Salle, 
commander of the Griffin, Father Louis Hennepin, historian and chaplain, with the 



^1 



il^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



pilot, and .a number of hunters and trappers, were embarked ; tlie cables, which kept 
the little vessel fast, were unloosed, and that voyage toward the setting sun entered 
upon. 

Three days after setting out the vessel was anchored out opposite Teuchsagron- 
die, a Huron village then occupying the site of the present city of Detroit. From 
this point to the head of the Saint Claire River, many Indian villages were found to 
exist, all of them unacquainted with the white man, save that small knowledge of him 
which they might have gained from the Jesuit fathers. 

Seven 3rears after the Crriffin succeeded in battling with the fierce current which 
then swept past tlie present site of Fort Gratiot, M. du Lhut caused the position to 
be garrisoned and a strongly fortified trading post to be erected. This was com- 
pleted in the Fall of 1686, and the name of Fort Saint Joseph conferred upon it; 
but its possession was so opposed to the ideas of French economy, that in July, 
1688, the garrison received orders to evacuate the post, and to report at Michili- 
mackinac. 

On July 21, 1701, M. de la Motte Cadillac, Capts. Tonti, Chacornacle and 
Duque, in command of fift}^ regular troops, arrived at Detroit. The expedition was 
accompanied by a Recollet chaplain and a Jesuit father, who had come as a mis- 
sionary priest, together with fifty trappers, traders and hunters. Before the close 
of August, 1701, the first fort erected in Michigan, if we except Du Lhut's fortified 
trading post at the head of the Saint Claire, and that at the mouth of the Saint 
Joseph, was a reality. This occupied the ground extending from the Joseph 
Campau homestead to Shelby, and thence to Woodbridge Street, a point now 
removed from the river bank, but which at that time would represent the head of 
the bank itself. The position was called Fort Pontchartrain. 

Within a few years, 1703, thirty Hurons from Michilimackinac became settlers 
at Detroit. Between 1701 and September, 1703, the settlement was further 
strengthened by bands of Ontawa-Sinagoes, Miamis,Kiskakons and Loups,all flocking 
to Fort Pontchartrain, to witness the magnificence of La Motte Cadillac and his 
command. Previous to 1706 the number of enemies made for himself by Cadillac 
among his own countrymen brought many and serious troubles into the very heart of 
the French posts at Detroit and at Michilimackinac. During the troubles at 
Detroit, Rev. Father Constantino and Jean La Riviere were stabbed by the Onta- 
was, during their circumvallation of the fort, which continued forty days, until they 
raised the siege. 

In 1707, Jean La Blanc, second chief of the Ontawas, with Le Brochet, 
Meyaouka, Sakima, Kiuonge, Meaninan, Menekoumak, and another chief visited 
the Governor at Montreal, and offered to make restitution ; but this officer ordered 
them to report to Cadillac. The deputation returned to Detroit Aug. 6, 1707, 



'K. 



HISTORY OF ilACOJIB COUNTY. 



when the Commandant Cadillac addressed the Ontawas, Hurons, Miamis, and 
Kiskakons in turn ; the Council was in session four days, but at the close the Indians 
agreed to deliver Le Pesant, the great disturber, into the hands of the French. He 
was handed over to the garrison, but unfortunately received a full pardon from 
Cadillac. This created a want of confidence in the French among the Miamis, 
Hurons, and Iroquois, resulted in the killing of three Frenchmen, and created 
much disaffection in every Indian village. 

In September, 1708, there were only twenty-nine inhabitants of Detroit who 
were the actual owners of lots and houses within the Stockade. Of the entire 
number of acres surveyed at that time — 353 roods in toto — those twenty-nine free- 
holders owned only forty-six roods, the Hurons 150 roods, and the Chevalier de 
Cadillac 157 roods. The entire number of Frenchmen at the post then was sixty- 
three, of whom thirty-four were traders, who sold brandy, ammunition and trinkets 
in that and the neighboring Indian towns. 

During the war between France and England, which terminated in 1713, 
trouble after trouble surrounded Detroit. In 1712 Outagamies and Mascoutins laid 
siege to Fort Pontchartrain, then in charge of M. Du Buisson, with thirty soldiers. 
The church and other buildings outside the stockade were pulled down, lest the 
besiegers would set fire to the pile with a view of burning the fort itself. 
The circumvallation of the post and hourly assaults on it, were kept up for a period 
of thirty days, when the Indian allies of the French arrived from their hunting 
expeditions, both Hurons and Miamis, drove the Outagamies and Mascoutins to their 
entrenchments, and confined them there for nineteen days, until in the dai'kness of 
night they withdrew to Presque Isle, twelve miles above Detroit. Thither the 
Hurons and Miamis pursued them, and forced a capitulation which resulted in the 
massacre of all the men of both tribes, and the captivity of their wives and chil- 
dren. The Outagamies and Mascoutins who were not actually killed on the island, 
were brought to Detroit, where the Hurons continued to destroy four, five and six 
per day until the last of these warriors who laid siege to the post was no more. 
The massacre resulted in the death of 800 men, women and children belonging to 
the besieging tribes at the hands of the Hurons and Miamis. 

The decade closing in 1721 was one which tried the souls of the French in- 
habitants of Detroit. The sale of brandy and other abuses were prohibited and a 
great moral change effected in the manners, customs, and habits of the white garri- 
son and settlers. A council of the Hurons, Ottawas, and Pottawatomies was held 
near the fort June 7, 1721, under Captain Tonti, then commandant. The great 
Indian Sastarexy of the Huron tribe was the principal speaker, and the results 
obtained were of a comparatively conciliating character, so much so that by the 
year 1725, the Outagamie savages acknowledged the French King in precisely the 

J ' 



Lb>^ 



IIISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



same measure as did the other allies of the French. About this period also the log- 
house, known as St. Anne's Cliurch was built, new barracks erected, about forty- 
five dwelling-houses brought into existence, and the new stockade with bastions 
and block-houses raised. The circular road or Chemin du ronde was laid out, and 
numerous improvements made in the vicinity of the Government House. 

In 1746, the old French War may be said to renew itself ; but not until 1749 
did the contest with the English soldiers take any regular form : — A decade later 
the French power in Canada was destroyed, and in 1760, all the French possessions, 
from Lake Michigan to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, were in the hands of the conquer- 
ing Normans and Anglo-Saxons. Captain Bellestre, then commandant at Detroit, 
surrendered to Major Robert Rogers, in October, 1760. 

In 1762, the famous Indian Pontiac called a council of the tribes at La Reviere 
a V Ecorse, near Detroit, at which Council the Ottawas, Chippewas, and Potta- 
watomies of Grand, Saginaw, Clinton, Black, and St. Joseph Rivers, were present, 
together with the Indians of Detroit, and bands of Delawares, Iroquois, Illinois, 
and Senecas. Minavavana, head chief of the Ojibwas, adopted a plan similar to 
that of Pontiac, and succeeded in destroying the soldiers of the English garrison at 
Miclillimackinac . Pontiac's strategy failed at Detroit. 

DETROIT IN 176-3. 

The historian Bancroft, referring to Detroit as it appeared to the settlers of 
1763, just previous to Pontiac's military enterprise, says: — "Of all the inland 
settlements, Detroit was the largest and most esteemed. The deep majestic river, 
more than a half mile broad, carrying its vast flood calmly between its straight and 
well-defined banks, imparted a grandeur to a country wliose rising grounds and 
meadows, plains festooned with prolific wild-vines, woodlands, brooks, and foun- 
tains were so mingled together that nothing was left to desire. The climate was 
mild and the air salubrious. Good land abounded, yielding maize, wheat, and 
every vegetable. The forests were natural parks stocked with buffalo, deer, quail, 
partridge, and wild turkev. Water fowl of delicious flavor hovered along its 
streams, which streams also yielded to the angler a large quantity of fish, particu- 
larly white fish. There every luxury of the table might be enjoyed at the sole ex- 
pense of labor. 

This cheerful region attracted both the barbarian and the child of civilization 
the French had so occupied both banks of the river, that their numbers were rated 
so high as 2,500, of whom 500 were liable to aad able for military service— repre- 
senting 300 or 400 French families. However an enumeration made in 1764 points 
out just sufficient white men there to form three military companies ; while four 
years later, the census of the place, places the entire population at 572. The 



-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



French dwelt on farms which were about three or four acres wide on the river 
front, and eighty acres deep. 

The fort, then under Major Gladwyn, did not vary much from that known in 
the days of French dominion. Close by, Catherine, the Pocahontas of Detroit, 
lived. She who informed Gladwyn of the intentions of the Indians, she, it was, 
who related to William Tuckar, one of the soldiers at the fort, the story of Pontiac, 
and made him acquainted with the designs of that Indian Chieftain, and to her is 
due, in full measure, the averting of that terrible doom which hung so heavily over 
the English garrison of Detroit May 6, 1763. The death of Major Campbell at the 
hands of an Indian, whose uncle had been killed by the English at Michilimackinac, 
the sixty days' siege, the capture of the English supply convoy within sight of the 
fort, and the round of duty imposed upon the soldiers are all cliaractei'istic of that 
time. William Tuckar, one of whose descendants has taken a deep interest in the 
historv of Macomb, states: — " I was a sentinel on the ramparts, catching a few hours' 
sleep, with my clothes on and a gun by my side, for sixty days and nights." Dur- 
ing the last day of July and the first of August, 1763, Captain Dalzell's force was 
surprised near Maloche's house, and lost seventy men killed and forty wounded. 
For some years after this affair, Detroit was free from Indian assaults, treaties of 
peace were negotiated, aud everything resumed that happy standard reached under 
the French. 

Now, however, the echoes of The Revolution were heard at Detroit; Major 
Le Noult, a Frenchman in the English service, built Fort le Noult, in 1778, in 
anticipation of an American siege, and this name the new fortress bore until 1812, 
when the name Fort Shelly was conferred on it. Soon the American Generals, St. 
Clair, Anthony Wayne, Harmar, and the soldiers of the revolution came to claim 
the Northwest territory as organized by Congress in 1787. The treaty of Green- 
ville negotiated August, 1795, with the Indians, conveyed Detroit and the entire 
Northwest to the United States, and one year later. Captain Porter, in command 
of a company of United States troops, entered Detroit, and placed the Stars and 
Stripes and Fleur de Lis, where the English flag so recently floated. Previously 
the British garrison evacuated the post, after committing many acts of the lowest 
description, and placed it in possession of an old African, with whom the keys were 
subsequently found. 

From this period until 1805, the settlement of Detroit and the lake shore 
gradually advanced, which the fire of 1805 did not retard. In 1806 Tecumseh and 
EUshwatawa at the head of the Indian confederacy threatened Detroit and the 
settlements along the lake and Reviere aux Hurons or Clinton ; but the treaty of 
1807 between that enigmatical governor, Hull, and the Ottawas, Chippewas, Potta- 



^. 



^±=±: ^ ^t ^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



watomies and Wyandots, was effectual in allaying excitement and in conferring a 
spirit of confidence on the settlers. 

The war against the British, declared by Congress, June 18, 1812, was unfor- 
tunate for the Northwest in many respects, as there nothing was in readiness to meet 
the well-organized British ti-oops. All this resulted in the scandalous, if not 
treacherous, surrender of Hull. General Harrison's command eventually took pos- 
session of Detroit ; Col. Lewis Cass was commissioned Governor, and under his 
able administration, Michigan entered upon that political, social and commercial 
course which led her to her present greatness. 

THE PIONEER LAND BUYERS OF MACOMB. 

This is a most important portion of the history of Macomb County, and indeed 
one well worthy the attention of every citizen of this State, since most of the 
names mentioned were household words in the homes of the American pioneers 
from Michiliraackinac to Saginaw, to Detroit, to Grand Rapids, to Chicago, to Mil- 
waukee, back to the St. Joe river, up the Elkhart and the Kankankee, down to the 
old post of Vincennes. It is impossible to calculate the results of settlement here 
by those early French, American and Franco-American pioneers; but it is within 
our power to learn who they were, and the very location of their humble cabins. 

Before entering on the history of their times and settlement, let us first inquire 
into the origin of the names given to their locations. The first and most prominent 
name is la Riviere aux Hurons. 

The village of the Hurons was near Detroit. The name Huron, derived from 
the French, Hure, a wild boar, was applied to this tribe of Indians by the first 
French missionaries, for the reason that their hair sprung from the head in bristles 
a la porcupine. The French called them Hurons, but among the Indian tribes 
they were known as Wyandots, or Onendats. 

St. Clair and Sinclair. — In tiie year 1765 Patrick Sinclair, an Irish ofiBcer in 
the service of Great Britain, and commandant of Fort Sinclair, purchased 3,789 
acres of land on tiie river above Lake St. Clair, and after him the river was named 
The Sinclair. In a report made January 17, 1806, by Augustus Woodward, to the 
Secretary of the Treasury, it is said that this ofQcer was a distinct character — dif- 
fering physically and morally from St. Clair of the French service. The latter was 
a grand-son of O'Brien, Lord Clare, who, after the treaty of Limerick, entered the 
French army. In his honor the lake at the mouth of the Clinton was named. The 
claim of Sinclair remained in his possession seventeen years, utilizing the large 
pine-timber, and deriving heavy profits. 

The rivers, creeks, and points of land were named in accord with some phys- 
ical characteristic, or otherwise in honor of one of the first settlers in the neigh- 
borhood. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



squatters' claims. 

Ill 1782 there were nineteen settlers living adjacent to tliis tract, a year later, 
twenty settlers located on Lake St. Clair, near the mouth of the Huron. In 1788 
twenty settlements were made on the river Au.v Hurons, or Clinton ; in 1790 a few 
more settlers located at Pointe au Tremble. In 1793 ten families located lands on 
the Huron of Lake St. Glair, or Clinton. Seven years later four families joined the 
settlement. Six families joined the settlers at the head of the lake ; while the 
Salt Springs began to attract the attention of the people from the mouth of the 
Huron to the river St. Clair. In 1801, one settler located at these springs, and he 
was soon joined by others. In 1797, no less than thirty families located lands 
along the banks of La Riviere au Laif, or Milk River, and northwards to the 
Riviere aux Hurons. Those settlers founded their claims on actual settlement 
and improvement without any further title. Of this class there were about 400 
on the borders of Lake St. Clair, rivers Huron, Ecorces, Rouge, and Raisin. 

In the succeeding review of claims, presented by the land-holders of Macomb, 
or the Oivil District of Huron, as the territory constituting the county of Macomb 
in 1818, was called, it will be observed that the result of the examination before 
the Board is not given in the greater number of cases. Now such a course was 
made unnecessary by the fact that almost in every instance the claimant's title 
was proved to the satisfaction of the Land Commissioners, who ordered a record 
to be made of such titles in the Land Office at Detroit, and subsequently recom- 
mended the issue of United States patents. The report of this board was made 
in 1810-11, and patents were granted in the year 1812, and years immediately suc- 
ceeding. Although Claim twenty-six seems to be connected in some manner with 
this county, there is no records presented to enable the writer to notice it in this con- 
nection. Therefore, ignoring that number, he begins the review with Claim 129. 

129.— James Connor claimed the tract of land on the north bank of the 
Clinton, containing 510 acres, of which thirteen and three-quarter acres fronted on 
the river, extending back forty acres, and bounded on the west by William 
Tuckar's land. Henry Connor's testimony before the Land Board was to the effect 
that the claimant had possession, and began to improve the property before July 
1, 179(3, since which time he has been in possession of the land. This formed Claim 
129, which was granted, June, 1808. 

130. — Joseph Campeau, Claim 130, was granted on the same date. The tract 
is on the south bank of the Aux Hurons, contains 640 acres, bounded in front by 
the river, in rear by Lake St. Clair, on one side by the land of Laurente Maure, 
and on the other by a second tract entered by him. Bapciste Coniparet and Henry 
Connor testified tb.at Joseph Campeau was in possession of this tract previous to 
July 1, 1796. 



^0 



-l^ 



HISTORY OF JIACOMB COUNTY. 



Campeau's fourth and fifth, Claim No. 133, containing 640 acres, was purchased 
from Louis Maure. This was bounded in front bj the river Huron, on the east 
by Jacques Loson's land, on the west by the land of Hyacinthe Deaitre, and in the 
rear by the lake. Claims 131 and 132 were his also. 

134. — Joseph Campeau claim, 134, of 640 acres, is bounded in front by the river, 
in rear by the lake, on the west north-west by Louis Petit's lands, and on the east 
by a tract claimed by Joseph Campeau. Henry Connor testified in this case, that 
the land so described was purchased from Jean Baptiste Connellier previous to 
July 1, 1796. 

135. — The Joseph Campeau claim, 135, is located south of th3 Riviere aux 
Surons, or Clinton, bounded in front by the river, extending to the lake between 
Pierre Phenix's land on one side, and Antoine Peltier's land on the other. Henry 
Connor testified that this tract was in possession of the claimant, and that a house 
was erected thereon previous to July 1, 1796, which house was then standing 
(1808). 

136. — James Connor, in his letter to the Land Boaid, June 13, 1808, claimed 
640 acres on the north side of the Huron, it being sixteen acres river front, forty 
acres in depth, bounded on the east by the Chatron farm, and in the rear and on 
the west by unlocated lands. Baptiste Comparet proved that previous to July, 
1796, James Connor was in possession, that there was a cabin erected, and two or 
three acres of land cultivated and fenced before he, Comparet, left La Riviere aux 
Hurons in 1804. 

137. — Richard Connor. The widow and heirs of Richard Connor applied to 
the Board to have their title to 600 acres on the south side of the Huron confirmed. 
Baptiste Comparet gave proof that the deceased Richard Connor was in possession 
of the land and premises previous to July 1796, up to 1804, when he left the dis- 
trict. Augustin Langdon deposed that the family of the deceased occupied the 
holding since 1801. Another tract, fifteen acres in front and forty acres in depth, 
of 600 acres, commencing at a place called Deer Lick, and bounded in rear, on the 
east and west by unlocated lands, was shown to be in possession of Richard Connor 
previous to July, 1796. 

139. — Henry Connor claimed 480 acres on the north side of the Huron, bound- 
ed in front by the river, east by Christian Clemens' farm, and west and rear by 
wild lands. Comparet stated that William Dawson was the owner of this tract 
previous to July 1796, and remained so until its sale to Richard Connor, deceased. 

140. — Joseph Robertjean's claim regarded eighty-one arpens of land on the 
north side of the Huron, bounded in front by the river, in the rear by Lake St. Clair, 
on one side by the lands of the late Alexis Peltier, and on the other side by the 
lands of Robert Robertjean. Comparet witnessed that Robertjean was in posses- 



^fv 



203 HISTORY OF IVIACOMB COUNTY. 



sion of such tract previous to 1796, aud Christian Clemens proved the claimant's 
possession in the year 1799. 

141. — Christian Clemens' claim for 500 acres, beginniiig at the high bank of 
the Huron, and running down this bank about fourteen acres, to a small run or 
marsh then emptying into the river, running north forty acres; bounded in front 
by the Huron, on one side by Henry Connor's lands, on the other by the tract of 
James Abbott, and in rear by unlocated lands. Comparet's evidence was that John 
Conner was the owner of this tract previous to July 1796, who permitted Natlian 
Williams and Jared Brooks to build a still house on the premises about 1797 or 
1798. In 1801 John and Richard Connor sold the tract to Christian Clemens. 

144. — John Tuckar's claim. No. 144, was bounded in front by the Huron, in 
rear by Lake St. Clair, above by James Connor's lands, and below by Edward 
Tuckar's, bequeathed to the claimant by his father, the pioneer, William Tuckar. 
Comparet and Wm. McScott, proved possession previous to July, 1796. 

156.— Edward Tuckar's land was bounded in front by the river, in rear by the 
lake, above by John Tuckar's farm, and below by Michael Tremble's land, which 
was also a bequest of the late Wm. Tuckar. 

146. — William Tuckar claimed a tract bounded south by the river Huron, east 
by Francois St. Obin'sland, north by the lake, and west by Wm. Tuckar's (senior), 
original farm, afterwards in possession of the widow Tuckar. 

147. — Catherine Tuckar claimed, in trust for her sons, Jacob and Charles, 640 
acres, bounded in front by the river, in rear by the lake, below by claim 146, of 
William Tuckar, proved to be in possession of Wm. Tuckar, deceased, previous to 
July, 1796. 

148. — Phillis Peltier's claim, 480 acres, bounded in front by the lake, in rear 
by hunting grounds, below by Nicholas Chapaton's farm, and above by a creek or 
coulee, called ventre de hoeuf. Jean Baptiste Pare proved occupation by Peltier 
fifteen years pi'evious to 1808. 

149. — Jean Baptiste Pare claimed a tract bounded in front by the lake, in rear 
by Indian lands, above by Joseph Dube's farm and below by Louis Laforge's claim. 
Phillis Peltier proved that fifteen years previous to June, 1808, one Cayet was 
owner of this tract. He sold to Francois Dupre who in turn sold to Pare. Dupre 
confirmed this statement. 

150. — Francois St. Obins tract northeast side of the Huron, containing about 
640 acres, bounded in front by the river, in rear by the lake, above by William 
Tuckar's farm, and below by Michael Tremble's lands, was known to be in pos- 
session of Louis St. Obin, father of Francois, many years previous to July, 1796. 
Christian Clemens and B. Comparet were tlie witnesses. 

154. — Claim No. 151, by the same party, of 640 acres bounded in front by the 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



river, ia rear by the lake, east by Chapaton's lands, and west by those of Jacques 
Loson, was originally settled by Michel Comparet, who sold to Louis Bandin, aud 
he in turn to St. Obin. Christian Clemens also proved continuous possession since 
1800. 

157. — Francois Ambroise's 140 acres, on the northwest side of Lake St. Clair, 
bounded in front by the lake, in rear by Indian grounds, on the north by Bazile 
Crequi's claim, and on the lower side by that of Jean Baptiste Vernier, dit Ladou- 
ceur, was settled by Etienne Duchesne in 1795, who built a small house thereon ; 
he sold his interest to Michel Duchesne, who in turn sold out to Ambroise. 

156. — Jean Baptiste Vernier, dit Ladouceur, claimed 240 acres, bounded in 
front by the lake, in rear by non-ceded lands, on the northeast by Pierre Bon- 
liomme's farm, and on the southwest by the lands of Laurent Griffard. Possession 
was proven and title granted. 

199. — Francois Ambrois Tremble claimed 140 acres fronting on Lake St. Clair, 
between the lands of Bazile Crequi and J. Bte. Vernier, originally settled by 
Etienne Duchesne, who presented them to Michel Ducliesne, who sold to Tremble. 

16.3. — J. Bte. Nantay claimed 200 arpens fronting on the lake, between the 
lands of Phillis Peltier and Pierre Lanoue, possessed by him fourteen years pi-evious 
to June 18, 1808. 

207. — Laurent Maure claimed 200 arpens fronting on the Huron, extending 
back to the lake between the farms of Jos. Robertson and Jos. Campeau, in his 
possession some years previous to 1796. A certificate of title was granted to him 
in 1809, and a patent issued in 1811. 

162. — Jean Marsac's claim, bounded in front by the lake, in rear by Indian 
lands, northeast by Charles Chovin's farm, and southwest by Louis Leduc's dit 
Perez, claim, containing 160 acres, French measurement, was confirmed June 
20, 1808. 

16.3. — Jean Baptiste Nantay claimed 200 acres bounded in front by the lake, 
in rear by non-ceded lands, above by Phillis Peltier's farm, and below by that of 
Pierre Lanoue. 

164. — Joseph Mitresse, dit Sansfacon, claimed 360 arpens, French measurement, 
bounded in front by the lake, in rear by Indian lands, above by Baptiste Ble's 
farm, and below by Charles Chovin's claim, was in possession of Nicholas Patenande 
previous to 1796. He sold to Autoine Cecille six arpens in front, who, in turn, 
sold to Sansfacon. Pierre Laparle owned three arpens in front, which he gave to 
Louis Champagne, and which he in turn sold to the claimant. 

165. — Joseph Dube claimed 120 arpens, bounded in front by the lake, in rear 
by the hunting grounds, on one side by Baptiste Pierre's farm, and on the other by 
by that of Pierre Lanoue. This property was in possession of Nicholas Value pre- 






M'^ 



HISTORY OP MACO^MB COUNTY. 



vious to July, 1796, aud continued so until sold to Charles Cliovin, who transferred 
it to Dube. 

1G7. — Joseph Rowe claimed 240 arpens, bounded in front by the river Huron, 
in rear by Indian grounds, on the west by Bazile Laforge's farm, and on the east 
by tliat of Pierre Phenix. This property was proven by Louis Campeau to be in 
the possession of A. N. Petit, before and after 1796, until he sold to the present 
claimant. 

168. — Louis Campeau, the pioneer of Saginaw and Kent Counties, was among 
the first land owners in Macomb. In 1808, he claimed 280 arpens bounded in front 
by the Huron, in rear by non-ceded lands, west by the Joseph Campeau claim, and 
east by B. Laforge's farm. 

170. — Jean B. Vernier, dit Ladouceur, claimed 200 arpens bounded in front by 
Lake St. Clair, in rear by non-ceded lands, northeast by Francois Ambroise's farm, 
and southwest by that of Nicholas Patenande. Alexis Coquillard heard Robert 
Thomas acknowledge himself as tenant to Jean B. Nantay. 

172. — John Askin, Jr., claimed 625 acres, bounded in front by the river Huron 
in rear and on one side by the United States lands, and on the other by the Christian 
Clemens' property. Harry Tuckar, witness for the claimant, proved that one 
Descoteaux improved and cultivated the lands, by order of, and for the claimant, 
previous to July, 1796,; that the claimant had a house built some time after 
Descoteaux went there, and that afterwards Christian Clemens tenanted the 
premises, cultivated the lands, erected fences, and continued to improve the 
property until 1808. Mr. Clemens substantiated this statement, and a title was 
granted. 

173. — James Abbott claimed 630 acres, bounded in front by the river, in rear 
by United States lands, above by a buttonwood tree — one acre above a small creek 
and below by unlocated lands. Edward Hezell built a house on this claim, and 
raised two crops previous to 1796. Hezell sold his interest to James Abbott, 
(father of the claimant) deceased, since which time up to 1808 Christian Clemens 
improved and cultivated the lands, paying to the claimant an annual rent from 
1799 to 1808. 

174. — Jacob Thomas' widow and heirs claimed a tract at L'ance Creuse of 160 
arpens, bounded in front by the lake, in rear by non-ceded lands, on one side by 
Baptiste Nantay's farm, and on the other by that of Jean Baptiste Dube, all prop- 
erty in possession of Jacob Thomas previous to 1796. 

175. — Louis Petit's tract of 120 arpens was bounded in front by the river 
Huron, in rear by non-ceded lands, on one side by P. Phenix's farm, and on the 
other by tliat of Joseph Campeau. One Connellier was in possession previous to 
1796, and continued owner until he sold out to L. Petit, May 8, 1797. 






HISTORY OF .^lACOMB COUXTY. 20-". 



176. — Pierre Phenix claimed 240 arpens, bounded in front by the Huron, in 
rear by n. c. lands, on one side by Joseph Rowe's farm, and on the other by that of 
Joseph Campeau. This territory was partly in possession of one Lapaline and one 
Provost. The former sold to Natliau Williams, who sold to Joseph Bonvouloir, 
who sold to Joseph Cherbonneau, from whom Phenix purchased. 

183. — Laurent Griffard claimed 120 arpens fronting on Lake St. Clair, extend- 
ing backwards to the n. c. lands, to the J. B. Vernier farm on the northeast, and to 
the Henry St. Bernard farm on the southwest. Louis Monet testified that Griffard 
was in possession of this land in 1788. 

184. — Jacques AUard's 120 arpens fronting on the lake, bounded by the Indian 
grounds in the rear, Bte. Celeron's farm on one side and Louis Griffard's on the 
other was settled by the claimant several years previous to 1796, as shown in the 
evidence of Charles Poupard. 

192. — Meldrum and Park claimed 630 acres, bounded northeast by the river 
Lassaliue, southwest by other lands of the claimants, in front by the lake, and in 
rear by other claims. This land was tenanted by Antoiue N. Petit previous to 
1796, who rented it from M. and P. One Durrocher rented it for one year, and 
Dupre for two one-half years subsequently. 

193. — Another tract of 630 acres, bouud southwest by Riviere aux Vases, 
northeast and rear by other lauds of Meldrum and Park, and in front by the lake, 
was first rented, in 1795, by Baptiste Letoiirneau. Louis Barret and Denocher 
then rented the place. Francis Berian lived there for thi'ee years and one Dupre 
for two years. 

194. — Michel Tremble claimed a tract on the Huron, bounded iu front by the 
river, in rear by the lake, above by F. Saint Obin's farm, and below b\' R. Robert- 
jean. Nicholas Chapaton was in possession of this property previous to 1796. 

195. — The second claim of Tremble related to lands bounded in front by the 
Huron, in rear by n. c. land, above by Edward Tuckar's farm, and below by the 
property of the widow and heirs of William Tuckar, deceased. Henry Tuckar 
was the owner of those lands before and after 1796, until he sold to Christian 
Clemens, from whom Tremble jDurchased them. 

196. — Jacob Hill's heirs claimed 240 acres fronting on the river Saint Clair, 
between the farms of George Meldrum and Joseph Bassinet, of which land Jacob 
Hill was in possession previous to 1796, as proven by Ignace Champagne. 

197. — Another tract between the farms of George Meldrum and Alexander 
Harrow, fronting on the river Saint Clair, was also claimed. 

207. — Laurent Maure claimed 200 arpens fronting on the river Huron, extend- 
ing back to the lake, between the farms of Joseph Robert and Joseph Campeau, of 
which he was owner previous to 1796. 



W\^=i^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



213. — Nicholas Chapaton's claim, founded on a deed given by the Indians — 
Vouista nance and Nanguy — dated Detroit, May, 1795, contained about 160 acres. 
The area was disputed, and the evidence before the Board was so contradictory that 
the commissioners rejected the claim. The description points out that this claim 
fronted on Lake Saint Clair, and extended back to the n. c. grounds, between the 
lands of Phillis Peltier and Jean Bte. Nantay. 

219. — Pierre Griffard claimed 160 arpens fronting on Lake Saint Clair, between 
the farms of Joseph Griffard and J. B. N. Petit. His possession previous to 1796 
being proved by J. B. Nantay, the claim was allowed. 

Isadora Morain settled on claim 221, in 1795 ; but during his absence Pierre 
Champagne took and held forcible possession for one year from 1796, afterward one 
Gorslet lived on it, whose widow sold the claim to Bte. Allsin, who was in posses- 
sion July, 1808. This land fronted on the lake, between the lands of Michel 
Duchesne and Bte. A. Tremble, and measured 120 arpens. 

222. — Antoine Reneau purchased from William Forsyth 120 arpens fronting on 
the lake between the claims of Joseph Campeau and Pierre Tremble, May 3, 1806. 
The location was known as Pointe Guinolet, originally settled by Francois Ble, who 
sold to William Forsytli. 

228 — by Louis Reneau, comprising 120 arpens, fronted on Lake Saint Clair, 
between the lands of Louis Grift'ard and Francois Bonhomme, was ceded. 

224 — by -Jacques Allard, Jr., containing 120 arpens, fronted on the lake between 
the lands of Colas Rivard and Jacques Allard, Senr. This land was originally 
settled by J. Bte. Dumas who transferred it to Bte. Celeron, who sold to Jacques 
Allard in 1807. 

225 — by Michel Duchesne, containing 120 arpens. fronted on the lake, between 
the lands of Bte. Lapierre and Bte. Petit. Louis Thibault was the original grantee, 
who sold to F. Bernard, who sold to J. B. Comparet, Jr., who in turn sold his in- 
terest to Duchesne. 

220 — by Joseph Robertjean, containing 630 arpens, fronted on the Huron be- 
tween the lands of Joseph Rowe and James Abbott, was settled in 1795 by John 
Loveless, who sold to the claimant in 1798. Christian Clemens testified that 
Robertjean cultivated a portion of the claim since 1801. 

231 — by Alexander Grant, containing 639 acres, fronting on Lake Saint Clair, 
between the claims of William Forsyth and Gregor McGi-egor, was, as stated by J. 
Bte. Campeau or Penish, to possession of grant previous to July, 1796. 

Louis Chapaton's (claim 338) land, 120 arpens in area, fronted on the Huron, 
extended to the lake between the farms of F. Saint Obin and Louis Maure. 
Seraphin Leson testified that such land was in possession of Joseph Campeau pre- 
vious to July, 1796, who disposed of his interest therein to Chapaton. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



239. — Jean Bte. Marsac claimed 120 arpens fronting on the lake at Grosse 
Point, between the farms of Pierre Yax and Charles Goniin, in possession of Joseph 
Serre, and previous to July, 1796. 

240. — Marsac also claimed 120 arpens fronting on tlie lake between Capt. 
Fleming's and Francis Tremble's holdings, originally settled by Louis Billon ; dit 
resperance, and conveyed by him to Marsac, Aug. 17, 1801. 

242. — Robert Robertjean claimed forty-five arpens, fronting on the Huron, ex- 
tending to the lake, and lying between the lands of Joseph Robertjean and Michel 
Tremble, in his possession previous to 1796. 

243. — Jean Marie Beaubien's claim of 640 acres fronting on the river Saint 
Clair, between the lands of Meldrum and Park and those of the negro, Harry 
Sanders, was allowed. 

249. — Francois Bonhomme or Bonome claimed 200 arpens fronting on the lake 
at Pointe a Guinolet, between the lands of J. Bte. Vernier and Louis Reneau, Sr., 
which was in his possession previous to July, 1796. 

250. — Nicholas Patenaude, Jr., claimed 160 arpens at L'ance Crease, on the lake 
shore, between the farms of Vernier or Ladouceur and Bte. Socier, occupied by 
Francois Ambroise Tremble previous to 1796. 

261. — Jean Baptiste Creque's widow and heirs claimed forty arpens fronting 
on the lake, between the holdings of Meldrum and Park and Joseph Allair, which 
land was in their possession previous to July, 1796. 

262. — Meldrum and Park claimed eighty arpens fronting on Lake Saint Clair, 
between 261 and that of Nicholas Patenaude. 

236. — William Connor claimed 600 acres fronting on the Huron, between the 
lands of John Askin, Jr., and James Connor, improved in 1794 by William Connor 
and his sons, and now claimed by James Connor. 

272. — William Robertson's heirs claimed 300 acres fronting on the lake be- 
tween H. St. Bernard's and Francois Tremble's farms— land purchased originally 
by Wm. Groesbeck from the Indians, and deeded by him to the deceased William 
Robertson January 15, 1796. Groesbeck made the first improvements here so 
early as 1780 through his tenants who remained there until 1785, when George 
Baker contracted to buy the land. Baker remained on it many years, but made no 
payments. Baker being content to inform him that L'Esperance would pay the 
£100 due on it. In 1805, Groesbeck found the land vacant, and with the per- 
mission of J. Bte. Marsac and Wm. Robertson's agent, both claimants, he went to 
live on his old property, where he lived up to 1808 without paying rent to any 
party. L'Esperance stated to the Board August 18, 1808, that he purchased from 
Jacob Baker the tract in question and sold it to J. Bte. Marsac, for a plantation, 
on the British side of the Detroit River. 



5 "V 



A__^ 



HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



273. — Nicholas Patenaude, Sr., bought twentj-fuur arpens fronting on Lake 
St. Chiir, between the Robinson and Martin and the JVIeldrum and Park properties, 
in 1778, and claimed to have improved such lands so early as 1758. 

276.— Julien Fortou claimed 160 arpens fronting on the lake, between the 
farms of Pierre Ambroise and Gabriel Reneau. Seraphin Leson testified that Forton 
held possession of this tract previous to 1796. 

277. — Charles Chovin claimed 220 arpens fronting on the lake between the 
lands of Jos. Saiisfacou and J. Bte. Marsac, which he located previous to 1796 ; 
he also claimed a tract (278) containing 110 arpens fronting on the lake, between 
the farms of J. Bte. Lapierre and Etienne Sieur, also possessed by him previous to 
1796. 

316. — Louis Leduc claimed 120 arpens fronting on the lake between the claim 
of Panaclia and that of Francois Duchesne at L'ance Creuse, in possession of one 
Champagne previous to 1796, transferred to Jean Sunare, and by him to Le Due. 

389. — Joseph Campeau claimed, as the grantee of Louis Maure, a tract of land 
fronting on the Huron, extending to Lake St. Clair, and lying between the lands 
of Louis Chapoton, Sr., and another claim of Joseph Campeau. Louis Maure pos- 
sessed those lands previous to 1796, and continued in their possession until the 
execution of the deed, September 10, 1808, to Joseph Campau. 

320. — Jean Bte. St. Laurent claimed 120 arpens fiouting on the lake between 
the holdings of Baptiste A. Tremble and Francois A. Tremble. Gabriel Reneau 
was the possessor of these lands previous to 1796, and continued so until the 
transfer of the property to his brother Louis ; who sold to Bazile Crequi from whom 
J. B. St. Laurent purchased July 15, 1808. 

343. — Pierre Yax claimed 480 arpens at la Pointe Aux Crapaux, fronting on 
Lake St. Clair, in his possession previous to and since the year 1796. 

502. — Rene Marsac's title to 80 arpens, fronting on Lake St. Clair, and lying 
between the lands of Francois Marsac and Nicholas Patenaude, was confirmed De- 
cember 14, 1808. 

505. — Jean Bte. Petit claimed 160 arpens at L'ance Creuse, fronting the lake, 
and lying between the lands of Michel Duchesne and Mr. Bellinger. F. St. Ber- 
nard was the possessor of this tract in 1796 ; he sold to Louis Petit Clair, who sold 
in turn to Louis Maure, and he sold to J. Bte. Petit. 

513. — Louis Laforge, possessor of a tract of 150 arpens, fronting the lake at 
L'Ance Creuse, between the farms of J. Bte. Pare and Baptiste Dube, was con- 
firmed in his title. Mr. Cady states that this pioneer was a centenarian, and re- 
mained on his old homestead until ten or twelve years ago. 

541. — James Connor and Christian Clemens, associate owners of a tract of land 
situate on the north side of the river Huron, containing 640 acres, fronting on the 



9 ^ 



-4* 



HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



river, and lying between the lands of Peter Douman on the east, and John Connor 
on the west, claimed a title thereto on account of possession, occupancy, and im- 
provement, previous to and since 1796. Henry Connor testified that John Chartion 
was possessor of those lands for five years previous to 1796, when he sold to tlie 
claimants. They cultivated six acres of ground, built a house, and planted an or- 
chard previous to December, 1808. The claimants exhibited a deed made by Henry 
Tuckar March 4, 1808. 

512. — Christian Clemens claimed 640 acres south of and fronting on tlie Huron, 
next above the land of .James Abbott. James Connor testified that a long period 
prior to 1796, Edward Hazel took possession of the tract, and held it until the sale 
to James Abbott, and he in turn was the owner until the sale to his son — James 
Abbott, Jr., under whom Mr. Clemens went into possession. 

544. — Joseph Campeau claimed eighty arpens fronting on the lake, between 
the lands of Thomas Tremble and Etienne Duchesne; at Point a Guinolette, 
originally in possession of Pierre Duchesne. In 1808 twenty arpens were culti- 
vated, and a house erected. 

545. — Joseph Campeau claimed a tract on the south side of the Huron, three 
arpens of which fronted on the river, extending in depth to Lac St. Clair, between 
the claims of Louis Campeau and Louis Maure. Michel Duchesne proved occu- 
pancy by the claimant previous, and since 1796. In 1808 thirty arpens were 
under cultivation. 

546. — Henry Connor claimed 640 acres on the north side of tlie Huron, front- 
ing on the river, and running up the main river sixteen acres. James Connor 
testified that, several years prior to 1796, he saw the claimant ploughing the land, 
and when returning from the Indian Country in 1804, a house was erected, and the 
claimant was engaged in making other improvements. Francis Guy's testimony 
was substantiatory. 

559 — Israel Ruland claimed 640 acres lying on the south and north sides of 
Salt River, of which thirty-two acres fronted on the south bank of the river, and 
extended backwards twenty-two acres between the lands deeded to him September 
29 (also claimed by Meldrum and Park) ; while five acres fronted on the north 
bank, extending back twenty acres, between the lands of George Meldrum on the 
east, and the wild lands on the west and north. Previous to 1796, N. Petit and A. 
Prevot were living on those lands as tenants of Meldrum and Park. They evacu- 
ated the place in 1797 when John Bte. Nantay took possession for tlie claimant. 
In 1802 he saw John Lagord, Pierre Champagne and Joseph Socier on the premises. 
During his first stay there were old houses. He aided in building new houses, 
cleared three or four acres, and made and enclosed a garden. John Lagord also 
repaired an old house and built two new ones for the plaintiff. 
14 



rfv^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUN'IY. 



564. — Jean Baptiste Rivard claimed 240 arpens, bounded in front by the lake, 
northeast by Jean Crequi's former claim, southwest by the land of Joseph Socier, 
and in the rear by the unlocated lands. 

565. — Etienne Socier claimed 160 arpens fronting on the lake, betvveenn the 
lands of Jean Bte. Lapeer, and J. Bte. A. Tremble. Joseph Laforet was in posses- 
sion of this tract previous to 1796, he sold to Bte. Cochois in July 1796, who 
exchanged with Ignace Sene, who in a few months after sold to Henry Campeau, 
who in turn sold to J. A. Tremble. Tremble sold to Amable Latour, from whom 
it passed into the hands of Socier in 1804. 

566. — Jean Bte. Ambroise Tremble claimed 160 arpens fronting on Lake St 
Clair, between claim 565 and the lands of Bte. Celleron. Ignace Send had posses- 
sion previous to 1796, who sold to Cochois, who in turn sold to Tremble. 

576. — Jean Bte. Sen<3 claimed 252 arpens fronting Lac St. Clair, between the 
lands of Jacques Alliard and Louis Reneau. This tract was owned by Louis Grif- 
fard, Jr., previous to 1796, aud continued iu his possession until he sold to Sene 
December 23, 1808. 

577. — Henry St. Bernard claimed 120 arpens fronting on the lake, between the 
lands of Laurent Griffard and Julian Campeau. Capt. William Fleming was the 
owner previous to 1796, and subsec^uently until he sold to Joseph Elliar, from whom 
the claimant purchased September 12, 1808. 

584. — Alex. EUair's widow claimed 120 arpens fronting on the lake between 
the lands of George McGregor and Madame Crequi by virtue of possession, etc., 
previous to 1796. The widow's name was Josette Galinion. 

585. — Joseph Socier claimed 120 arpens fronting on the lake between the 
lands of Bte. Rivard and John Litle, by virtue of occupation and improvement 
since 1788. 

599. — James Abbott's legal heirs claimed 640 acres fronting on Lac Saint Clair, 
between Duchesne's land on the south and southwest, and the unlocated lands on 
the north and northwest, on account of improvements made previous to 1796. 

601. — Bte. Dubay claimed a tract of land fronting on the lake, between the 
claims of Louis Laforge and Simon Landri, originally settled by Joseph Garand, 
purchased by Seraphin Leson, who sold to the claimant in 1802. 

602. — Alexis Dubay claimed 160 arpens at L'ance Creuse, extending from the 
lake between the lands of Simon Landri and Michel Comparet, settled previously 
to 1796 by Dubay Pere, Vv-ho sold to Alexis in 1802. 

603. — Cecille Campeau's heirs claimed 640 acres fronting on the Huron, be- 
tween the lands of Joseph Campeau and Michel Comparet, extending to the lake 
front. Cecille was the widow of Thomas Williams, and at the period immediately 
preceding her demise was the wife of Jacques Leson. 



"t 



HISTORY OF MACOJIB COUNTY. 



604. — Joseph Campeau claimed the land fronting on the Huron, between his 
own lands above and those of F. Saint Obin below, by virtue of possession, occu- 
pancy and improvement made by Thomas Edwards and Jacques Leson previous to 
1796. Leson sold this tract to Josej)!! Campeau, but Mrs. Leson refused to sign tlie 
deed. In this state the claim was allowed to rest for some time until finally ad- 
justed. 

605. — Pierre Mavet's heirs claimed 160 arpens fronting on Lake Saint Clair, 
between the lands of Bte. Chovin and Jean Louis Tremble, settled previous to 
1796 by the deceased Pierre. 

610. — John Connor claimed 640 acres on the North Branch of the Huron, ex- 
tending from the north bank of the river along the James Connor claim on the east, 
and bounded by unlocated lands on the north and rear. Henry Connor proved 
possession previous to 1796. In 1797 John Connor went into the Indian country, 
leaving the land and imprbvements in care of the witness. 

Julian Campeau claimed (611) 120 arpens fronting on Lake Saint Clair, be- 
tween the lands of Henry Saint Bernard and Jean Baptiste Marsac, of which Capt. 
William Fleming was the first owner. He sold to Joseph Elliar, and he, in turn, 
to Julian Campeau, Sept. 10, 1808. 

613. — Francois Marsac claimed a tract on Tremble's Creek, bounded in front 
by the creek, originally settled by Andrew Baker, who sold it to John Litle May 
7, 1796, from whom it was purchased in 1801, by Marsac, was allowed, 

614 — granted to Capt. Marsac. This land was in possession of Pierre Yax, pre- 
vious to 1796, and until he sold it to his sou Francois Yax, who disposed of it to 
Marsac Feb. 18, 1808. This claim was bounded in front by Swan Creek, and on all 
other sides by wild land. 

616. — Nicholas Campeau claimed three tracts in one farm fronting on the 
Huron and extending to Lake Saint Clair, between the claims of Joseph Campeau. 
John Tuckar proved that those lands were in possession of N. Value, Augustin 
Charon and A. Leboeuf previous to and after the year 1796. 

624. — Gaget Tremble claimed a tract of land, possessed previous to 1796 by 
Maison and Antoiue Larabelle, who sold to the claimant Feb. 4, 1801, their in- 
terests therein. The tract comprises 600 arpens fronting Lake Saint Clair, and extend- 
ing northwards to Milk River, between the Joseph Campeau claim and the wild 
lands. In 1808, 200 arpens were under cultivation. 

625. — Pierre Duchesne claimed a tract of land southwest of L'ance Creuse, 
bounded on the northeast by Jacques Alli^rd's former claim, on the southwest by 
the Long Meadow, in front by Lac Saint Clair, and in rear by unlocated lands, in 
virtue of his possession thereof, before July, 1796. 

626. — Christian Clemens claimed 280 arpens fronting on the Huron, between 



HISTORY OF MAC0JI15 COUNTY. 



unlocated lands in rear, the claim of John Askin, Jr., ou one side, and claimant's 
land on the other. John Askin, Jr., was the owner of the land in 1796. 

627. — Pierre Yax claimed 480 arpens fronting on Lake St. Clair, extending 
back to the nnlocated lands along Francois JVIarsac's claim on the south, at the 
wild lands on the north, wliich he continued to cultivate from 1796 down to 1808. 

628. — Margaret Conner, widow of Richard Connor, claimed for herself and 
cliildren, a tract one mile south of the River Huron fronting on a small creek called 
Big Run, which for several years prior to 1796 was improved annually by the de- 
ceased Richard Connor and herself. 

630. — Baptiste Socier claimed 210 arpens fronting on Lake St. Clair above the 
lands of Nicholas Patenaude, belonging to Jos. Garand in 1796 and subsequently 
sold to Socier. 

631. — Francois Ambroise Tremble claimed 120 arpens at Pointe Guinolet 
fronting on the lake between tlie lands at Benj. Marsac and Francis Forton, in liis 
possession previous to and since 1796. 

638. — Joseph Campeau (8th) claimed a tract fronting on the Huron, between 
the claims of Pierre Phenix by virtue of possession and improvement previous 
to 1796. 

650. — Pierre Tremble claimed a tract of land at Pointe Guinolet, fronting on 
the lake, and running along the northeast side of Antoine Reneau's claim, bounded 
on the southwest by Julian Forton's farm. 

656. — Nicholas Rivard claimed a tract fronting the lake between Bte. Celleron 
and Louis Tremble's land. 

657. — Gabriel Reneau claimed one arpen fronting on the lake at Point Guino- 
let, running back forty arpens, between the lands of Julian Forton and Nicholas 
Rivard, transferred from Colos Rivard, the owner in 1796. 

692. — Abraham Fournier claimed a tract bounded on the northeast by Widow 
Ambroise Tremble's land, on the southwest by Rene Marsac's, in front by the lake, 
running back forty arpens, to the non-ceded lauds, all in possession of the deceased 
husband previous to 1796. 

693. — William Connor claimed 600 acres on the north side of the Huron, 
bounded on the upper side by John Askin, Jr.'s, claim, on the other by that of 
John Connor, in front by the river, and in rear by the unlocated lands, whicli tract 
was taken possession of two years before the Americans took possession of the 
country. 

695. — Ambroise Tremble's widow and heirs claimed the homestead on which 
the husband and father lived since 1774, until he died in 1805. 

668. — John Askin, for Wm. Ancram, claimed a tract of land on the Huron, 
which claim was .supported by Robert Dowler, who said that in the year 1786, he 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



rented from Askin a part of this tract, and cultivated near sixteen acres thereof 
during the succeeding two years. John Cornwall lived there sometime before 1788 
as agent for Askin. Forty acres were under cultivation by tenants of Askin, and 
there were a number of cabins erected on the lands by the Moravian ministers and 
Indians. 

736. — Was granted to Joseph Laurent, 1810, by a certificate of the Board of 
Land Commissioners. 

Aaron Greely surveyed all those claims, reported to the U. S. Land Depart- 
ment, and the General Government issued patents, in 1812, on the streno-th of 
certificates of title issued by the Land Board of Detroit 1808-1810. 

INDIAN RESERVATIONS. 

The following review refers to the patentees of lands reserved to the Indians 
in the treaties, and held by them until their purchase immediately after the treaty 
of Detroit. A few hundred acres of those lands are outside the couuty line, yet 
considered in the county records. 

LA RIVIERE ATJ VASES AND MACONEE RESERVES. 

Francis Yax -59.79 acres, Sec. 13, T. 3 north, R. 14 east; May 13, 1839. 

William Darrell, .5.33 " Sec. 14, T. 3 north, R. 14 east ; 

Leon C. Rivard, 74.30 " Sec. 23, 

James H. Cook, 79.40 " " " " " 

Jonathan Kearsley, 65.35 " " " " " 

Paul cir. Cayen, 20.13 " " " " « 

" 55.26 " " " " « 

Jonathan Kearsley, 17.90 " " " " « 

James H. Cook, 48.00 " " " " » 

Joseph Socier, 78.32 " Sec. 24, " " " 

Francis Yax, 13.80 " " " " " 

William Darrell, 56.60 " " " ' " » 

Lauring B. Migner, 31.64 " Sec. 26, " " " 

Francois Yax, 30.61 " Sec. 28, " " " 

Lansing B. Migner, 88.70 " Sec. 29, " " " 

Jonathan Kearsley, 33.35 "" " " " Oct. 18, 1841. 

John B. Socier, 56.00 " " " " Jan. 2, 1844. 

Jonathan Kearsley, 7.06 " Sec. 32, " " May 14, 1839. 

38.07 " Sec. 33, T. 3, west, R. 14, east ; 
The patentees of the United States lands of this county, who were settlers 

here or became settlers here after purchase, will be regarded in the pages devoted 
to township history. 



a>\\ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COITNTY. 



CHAPTER XIII. 

THE MORAVIANS. 

By what power tyranny is allowed to exist is one of the mysteries. Europe 
before the Reformation was a continent of tyrannies — since the Reformation it has 
changed the petty tyrant for the powerful one ; and is to-day ground down beneath 
a more terrible — a more exacting — a more pernicious oppression than ever existed 
to mark the pages of its olden history. Instead of a few hundred Moravians, a few 
hundred Puritans, a few hundred Catholics flying from evil laws, as in olden times, 
we have tens of thousands, aye hundreds of thousands, looking westward across 
the Atlantic to these States with longing eyes, and sending messages of hope to 
reach friends here before they die. Great numbers have come, are coming, and 
doubtless may continue to come ; but the power that drives them from their old 
homes is*a mysterious one. Tyranny forced the Moravians to seek the encourage- 
ment of tyrants in 1749. It was willingly extended, and thirty-two years later the 
same false friend murdered one hundred of those who sought and obtained his 
dangerous patronage. 

SETTLEMENT OF THE MORAVIAN SUSPECTS. 

The English at Detroit suspected that a certain settlement of pious Moravians 
on the Muskingum River were sympathizers with the Americans, called a conference 
of the tribes at Niagara, and urged the fierce Iroquois to destroy the Moravian 
Indians, the name given to the few redmen who had up to that period been con- 
verted by the Moravian missionaries; but the Iroquois chiefs failed to see where 
such a massacre would benefit themselves, and were content to send a message to 
the Ottawas and Otchipwes, requesting them to make a houilU of the Moravian 
Indians on tiie Muskingum. The Moravian missionaries arrived at Detroit in 1781, 
when the Indians held a war council in presence of those missionaries and De Peyster, 
the commandant. The Indian chief, known as Capt. Pike, told De Peyster, that 
the English might kill the Americans if they wished — they had raised the quarrel 
among themselves, and they who should fight it out. The English had set him on 
the Americans just as the hunter sets his dog on the game ; but the Indian would 
play the dog's part no longer. 

Kishkawko and another warrior stood by the side of the British commandant. 
The foimer carried a hickory cane about four feet long, ornamented or rather strung 
with the scalps of Americans, together with a tomahawk presented to him by De 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Peyster some time previously. He concluded his address to the commandant thus : 
" Now, father, here is what has been done with the hatchet you gave me. I have 
made the use of it you ordered me to do, and found it sharp." A few days after 
this Council, the Moravians left Detroit for their new homes on the Riviere aux 
Rurons. 

MORAVIAN INDIANS, 1781. 

Jacques Leson, in his evidence before the Land Commissioners at Detroit, 
November 9, 1810, said, in his reference to William Ancram's claim for land in 
Macomb County, " To the best of my knowledge the Moravian ministers with 
Indians of the Delaware nation were living on these lands twenty-seven or twenty- 
eight years ago. I lived in the village and cultivated lands near for many years 
previous to July 1796, and recollect Wittaness telling me that Askin owned a 
large quantity of land from the Moravian village upwards. Fifteen years ago the 
late surveyor, McNiff, came up the Huron with Sanscrainte, the interpreter, who 
informed me that they had come to survey the land by order of Askins. At that 
time twenty or thirty arpens were under cultivation, and twenty or twenty-five 
cabins and houses were erected." 

John Askin, Sr., related, that on April 28, 1786, he purchased for himself and 
William Ancram, then commandant at Detroit, sundry improvements of the Mo- 
ravian ministers, and others, and made by them on the river Huron, which empties 
into Lake St. Clair, near a place called the Moravian Village, for which he paid $200. 
He likewise purchased the improvements made at the same place by the Moravian 
or Christian Indians — sixteen in number — for $200, also $50 to one John Bull for 
improvements at the same place, together with furnishing the Moravians two vessels 
to enable them to return to Muskingum — their former mission. For all this he 
received the thanks of John Huckenwelder, their chief-missionary. At this time 
there were more than twenty houses with many out-buildings, all of which were 
purchased, save one occupied and claimed by the late Richard Connor, together 
with an Indian cornfield with a yard and garden in rear, which were pur- 
chased subsequently by him and Major Ancram from eleven chiefs of the Chippewa 
Indians. These early land bu3'ers cut a road from Detroit through the woods to 
these lands — a distance of about twenty miles with a little assistance from the Mor- 
avian Indians. After the Moravians gave up possession John Cornwall was 
appointed agent, and Robert Dowlar, Ames Weston and others went on as tenants. 
Those men left after some time when Anci'am placed the Indian chief Wittaness 
and his band in charge. Those Indians had much trouble with Richard Connor of 
whom they often complained. Tliis Moravian village and adjacent territory became 
an elephant on the hands of Askin, and so he was glad to accept 1,600 pounds New 
York currency for the property from Isaac Todd, and James McGill, then merchants 



sIVw 



n>>. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



of Montreal in Lower Canada. The deed of conveyance bears date June 28, 
1796. 

MORAVIANISM. 

The history of the Moravians begins in 1457, long years before Lutlier's 
Reformation. Toward the close of the iifteenth centiny there were over 200 
Moravian churches in Moravia and Bohemia, when a Moravian Bible was published 
and studied. Passing over three centuries of the history of this religious society, 
during which time it died out in its cradle, we learn of its revival in 1749 under 
the auspices of the British Parliament. That body acknowledged Moravianism a 
part of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and further enacted that every encourage- 
ment should be given to its followers to settle in the British colonies of Nortli 
America. The Moravians came and established their missions along the frontier, 
the most important of which was that in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, at Muskingum. 
Here 100 missionaries and disciples were killed in 1781, under the auspices of the 
British Government, ostensibly on account of outrages and murders charged 
against them, but in reality on account of the sympathy which they exhibited 
towards the New Republic, and under orders of British ofScers. The survivors of 
the massacre came to Detroit in 1781, thence moved to the village on the Huron, 
which they named Neiv Qnadenlmtten. 

MORAVIAN MARRIAGES. 

While waiting for one of those most uncertain conveyances, known as a Grrand 
Trunk Train, one morning John E. Day pointed out the site of the ancient village 
of New Gnadenhutten to the writer and Judge Avery, of N. Y. The latter related the 
story of Moravian marriages, and, in fact, had time to review the history of the 
United States before that Grrand Trunk Train arrived. The Moravians never 
selected a wife — never had a chance to do so, for the reason that one of the articles 
of their faith pointed out distinctly that God was the great designer, and to Him 
the Moravian should trust the choice of a wife. The manner in which their God 
made the selection was crude indeed. One of the principal missionaries brought 
forth a cylindrical tin case, something similar to that which is used in lottery affairs 
at the present time. In this lie placed bark or paper slips, with the names of all male 
candidates for matrimonial honors. Another missionary brought forth a similar tin 
case, in whicli he placed tickets each bearing the name of one marriageable girl of 
the settlement. Missionary No. 1 gave his lottery tickets a thorough shaking, then 
opened the little door and took out the ticket which he first touched, the name on 
which he read aloud, and then presented the ticket to the members of his audience 
who were thenceforth witnesses. This first act played, missionary No. 2 gave the 
lottery case containing the tickets bearing the female names, a shaking precisely as 






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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



thorough as that given in the former instance, and withdrawing a ticket, called out 
the name, presented it to the persons near him, and called them to witness the 
genuineness of tlie transaction. This closed the second act of the drama. The 
third act was the religious ceremony of matrimony and the proclamation of the 
nuptials; the fourth was the wedding banquet, enlivened by hymns, gunshots, and 
congratulatory speeches, and the fifth and last act of the play was a quiet, evi- 
dently happy life until death separated the strangers who were made man and wife 
in the third act. 

MORAVIAN MAISTNERS, HABITS AND CUSTOMS. 

The habits of those people and even of their Indian converts were as peculiar 
as the manners were quiet and unassuming. Their customs were even stranger 
than their habits. Economy was practiced to such an extent, that even they were 
sparing in the use of language. In the midst of plenty they were accustomed to 
deny themselves food, and proclaimed many fast days throughout the year. Their 
tastes for agriculture were not so marked as their love for horticulture, but both 
gave way to the prevailing passion for mechanical work. They clothed themselves 
in the plainest fashion, yet seemed always at home under all circumstances. Cool 
and calculating, and even usurious when chance offered, they were slow to betray 
their feelings. They formed a community of such a peculiar character, that once 
seen they could never be forgotten. 

THE MORAVIAN VILLAGE. 

This village was located where in later j'ears was the farm of Elisha Harring- 
ton, round the site of the residence of tliat pioneer. As described by Mr. Harrington, 
this center of Moravianisiu on this continent, comprised thirty one-story log-houses 
— fifteen on each side of a laneway forming tlie nucleus of what the day-dreams of 
Huckenwelder pointed out would be the main street of a large and prosperous 
town. In the center of one of those rows was the Moravian temple, differing very 
little in external appearance from the dwellings of the worshipers, Ijuilt as much 
for defense against the bellicose Otchipwes, as for shelter from climatic extremes. 

Here this tribe remained some years, but the Otchipwes, whose more warlike 
natures made them the terror of all the neighboring tribes, became jealous of the 
Moravians, hating them because they had abandoned the war-path, and the nomadic 
life of their forefathers. They hated them because their religion was full of mys- 
tery or appeared so to the savages of the Chippewa nation. The Moravians knew 
full well how deep was the hatred, which their scalp-taking neighbors entertained 
toward civilization, and her children, of their feelings toward any Indians who pro- 
fessed friendship for the American, and this knowledge tended to render their stay 
here as disagreeable as it was dangerous. It is no wonder to learn of their emigra- 



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:}i}i 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tion. They scattered — some returning to Muskingum, otliers effecting a settle- 
ment near the scene of Proctor's defeat, on tlie Thames River in Canada; but before 
the persecuted people left their village on the banks of the Huron, fourteen mem- 
bers of their colony died, and were buried at Frederick, where their graves were 
made between what are now known as the Harrington and Stephen's farms. 

The old Moravian village at Frederick has passed into the Past. It is as if it 
had never been. One relic alone remains. Years ago Elisha Harrington, realizing 
the fact that the time would come, when such a relic would possess no inconsider- 
able interest to the antiquarian, dug up and j^reserved a piece of the timber, which 
formed a part of one of those buildings. 

The following paper on this subject, read by the Rev. B. H. Bissell, now at 
Armada, before the Mount Clemens Lyceum, March 23, 1858, and introduced by 
Judge Eldridge subsequently in his sketches is a valuable addition to Moravian his- 
tory. 

" In 1781, all the missionaries laboring at their different stations on the Musk- 
ingum, in Ohio, were taken prisoners and brought before Col. De Pe3'ster, at 
Detroit, charged with acting in concert with the United States troops at Pittsburgh. 
Early in July, 1782, several of the Indians who had been connected with the mis- 
sion arrived at Detroit with some white brethren, among whom were Richard 
Connor and his family. Having obtained permission from the Chippewas in their 
behalf, De Peyster advised the Moravians to settle on the Clinton (then known as 
the Huron) River, and to bring their Indians there. He furnished them a vessel 
and provisions, and such utensils as they needed, together with two milch cows 
and some horses, and his lady also made them several useful presents. On the 20th of 
July, 1782, Zeisberger and Jungman, with their families, and Edwards and Jung, 
single missionaries, set out with nineteen Indians from Detroit, and arrived at their 
new home on the Clinton River the next evening. They named it New Gnaden- 
hutten, in remembrance of their old home on the Muskingum. Some more of 
their dispersed converts now gathered to them, and a flourishing settlement was 
in prospect. . . . The commandant at Detroit had made arrangements with the 
Indians that this settlement at Frederick should continue until peace was restored 
between Great Britain and the United States. They remaining after this event, 
the Chippewas, on whose lands the mission was located, became jealous of them, 
and on the 20th of April, 1786, the whole was abandoned with the intention of 
returning to Ohio. Mr. Connor being advanced in years preferred to remain, and 
this made it a center for other settlers. 

Richard Connor located upon what is known as the Wells Farm, now owned by 
Messrs. Campbell and Sackett. The Moravian mission was located on the opposite 
side of the river, near the present residence of Mr. Henry Harrington. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



This spot had evidently been the site of an ancient Indian village. A few- 
years afterwards, in sinking a cellar for a dwelling there, the excavators exhumed 
a large number of bones, the remains of the dead buried there. 

After^ the establishment of this settlement at Frederick, and before the 
departure of the missionaries in the spring of 1874, Mr. William moved with his 
family into the county and located a home at about the spot where Mr. Charles 
Tucker now resides. Of these two first American settlers we naturally love to in- 
quire. From whence they came, and why, would be subjects of interest had their 
lives been even those of quiet, ordinary vanguards of civilization in peaceful times." 

THE GERMAN IMMIGRATION OP 1845. 

The extensive German immigration of 1845 brought to Michigan a number of 
Franconians and Bavarians, who felt tliemselves oppressed at home. Those under 
the advice of Pastor Loche resolved to emigrate to the United States, there to 
follow the profession of the Lutheran creed, and to essay the conversion of the 
Indians. Within a few years the first colony of fifteen, succeeding in attracting 
five times that number to our land, and of the second and third bodies of immi- 
grants a few settled in Macomb County, the greater number locating in Saginaw. 

The immigration of 1849, the result of an attempt made by the people to cast 
away the tyrant, marked the history of that year. The Revolutionists sought 
refuge in tlie United States, not a few of them finding a home of liberty in this 
county. The German immigration of later days brought us Pomeranians and 
Mecklenburghers, Belgians and Hollanders. 



CHAPTER XIV. 

PIONEER HISTORY. 

A period of time bordering on a century has passed away since the American 
pioneer first appeared in this county. Those years have been pregnant with 
changes — social, political, even physical change. The visitor of to-day, ignorant 
of the past history of Macomb, could scarcely realize the fact, that within ninety- 
seven years, a population, approximating 35,000 grew up, where, toward the close 
of the Eighteenth Century, a few bands of aborigines, with a few French and 
American trappers, hunters and fishermen existed. The population has not onlj' 
grown to its present number, but also in wealth, refinement and all these char- 
acteristics, which mark the older counties, of tlie Eastern States. Schools, churches, 
palatial dwellings, extensive marts, busy mills, cultivated fields now occupy the 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



village sites and hunting grounds of the Otchipwes ; while p people endowed with 
tlie highest faculties occupy the domain of the Otchipwes themselves. There are 
but few left of the old landmarks, still a smaller number of the old settlers. 
Civilization and its demands have conspired to raze almost every monument of the 
red man — to obliterate almost every trace of his occupancy ; while on the other 
liand Old Time placed his heavy hand upon many of the pioneers, driving them, 
as it were, awa}^ from the old homestead to the promised land beyond the grave. 

Previous to 1781 the white inliabitants were all Frenchmen or French Canadians 
and the numerous French trappers and hunters who made the banks of the North- 
ern Huron their headquarters. During the year 1781 the first American settler set 
•his foot upon the soil, and built for himself the rude hut, which was the model of 
pioneer dwellings in the State. The treaty which conveyed the land in tlie neigh- 
borhood of Detroit to the National Government drew attention to this portion of the 
ceded Indian territory, and attracted a few more settlers. Tlie fur traders intro- 
duced themselves, found a land teeming with milk and honey, and settled in it, so 
far as such men settle, while yet all Michigan, save that portion of the peninsula 
around Detroit, was a wilderness. Succeeding tliem a stream of Americans 
I^oured in, and in the course of a dozen years, it was found that many of the Amer- 
icans who came as visitors, located here, and built their homes in the beautiful 
wilderness. 

It is not strange that among the pioneers and old settlers of a county, a deep- 
seated and sincere friendship should spring up, to grow and strengthen with their 
advancing years. The incidents peculiar to life in a new country, the trials and 
hardsliips, privations and destitutions, are well calculated to test, not only the 
physical powers of endurance, but also the moral, kindly, generous attributes of 
true manhood and womanhood. Then are the times which try men's souls, and 
bring to the surface all that may be in them of good or evil. As a rule, there is an 
equality of conditions that can not recognize distinction of class — all occupy a com- 
mon level, and as a consequence a fraternal feeling grows into existence that is as 
lasting as the lives of the old settlers, and, in a great number of instances, as the 
lives of their children. 

In such a community there is a hospitality, a kindness, a benevolence, and 
high above all, a charity, unknown and unpracticed among the older, richer, and 
more densely populated settlements, just in the same manner, perhaps, as there was 
a higher faith animating the early Christians, than that which marks the Christian 
people of the present day. The very nature of the surroundings of those pioneers 
taught them to feel each other's woe — to share in each other's joy, and live in com- 
munal integrity. An injury or a wrong may be ignored with profit to the evil-doer 
and his victim ; but a kind, generous, charitable act is never to be forgotten — the 



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4 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



memory of old associations and kind acts must for ever remain green. Raven locks 
may bleach in the summer sun, and whiten through the cold of winter; round 
cheeks may become sunken and hollow ; the fire of intellect may fade from the 
eye ; the brow may become wrinkled with care and age, and the erect form may bow 
under tlie weight of accumulated years ; but the true friends of long ago must be 
remembered so long as memory itself lives. 

As a general rule the men and women who first settled this land were bold, 
fearless, self-reliant and industrious. In these respects no matter from what part of the 
world those old settlers came, there was a similarity of character. In birth, educa- 
tion, language and religion there were differences; but such differences did not 
interfere with harmony; in fact, they soon vanished, became lost by association, 
and a common interest united all. 

In pioneer life there are always incidents of peculiar interest, not only to the 
pioneers themselves, but also to posterity. It is a matter much to be regretted that 
the old settlers of Macomb did not begin at an earlier date to organize tliemselves 
into an association, for even tlie record of reminiscences related at tlie meetings 
of such an association liave a direct bearing upon history, and serve to add to tlie 
literature of the Republic's first century the history of every community. Aside 
from the liistoric importance of such re-unions, they serve to enliven and cement 
old friendsliips, and renew old memories that might liave been interrupted by the 
innovations of progress. It is well that even now they have realized the import- 
ance of organization. 

SOCIETY OF 1871. 

At a meeting of pioneers held at Romeo Hall, Sept. 5, 1871, to organize a 
pioneer society, William F. Abbott was elected chairman, and Aaron B. Rawles, 
secretary. On motion of A. E. Leete, a resolution was adopted to form the Romeo 
Historical Society. A committee of five was appointed to draft a Constitution 
and By-Laws, as follows : Albert E. Leete, Dexter Mussey, C. Bearing, H. O. Ladd 
and J. E. Day. This committee reported a series of six articles for the govern- 
ment of the society, which report was adopted. The meeting then proceeded to 
elect officers, with the following result: President, Albert E. Leete ; Vice-Presi- 
dent, John E. Day; Secretary and Treasurer, William F. Abbott; Historian, 
Horatio O. Ladd. This society continued in existence for some time, but ultimately 
ceased to exist. 

ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY PIONEERS. 

At tlie earnest request of many citizens of Macomb County, anxious to collect 
incidents and biographical sketches of early settlements and settlers, and place on 
record some of the early history of the county, a meeting was called at Washington 
Village, March 22, 1881. Owing to the severity of the weather and condition of 



HISTORY OF MACOMR COUNTY. 



the roads, the pioneer element was not so largely represented as it would otherwise 
have l)een. 

The meeting was called to order b}^ W. A. Wales, when Mr. Wales was 
elected chairman and Stephen B. Cannon, secretai-y. Pi-ayer was offered 
by Rev. John Cannon. Loren Andrus, H. Rose, Rev. John C!annon, 
Calvin G. White, Thomas Brabb, H. N. Miller, Niles Giddings. C. M. 
Bates, addressed the people on the subject of organization. This meeting was 
entirely favorable to the enterprise, a committee of three was appointed to draft a 
Constitution and set of By-Laws. A committee was named to recommend names 
of persons for permanent officers of the society, another committee ou music, and 
still another to arrange for a future meeting of the jiioneers. 

Committee No. 1 was comnosed of Stephen B. Cannon, Loren Andrus and N. 
H. Miller. No. 2 comin-ised N. H. Miller, Allen Pearsall and Timotliy Lockwood. 
No. 3 was represented by Byron Norton. No. 4, by Loi-en Andrus, Stephen B. 
Cannon, Mrs. Loren Andrus, Mrs. Thomas Brabb and Mrs. William A. Stone. 

Loren Andrus moved that the Rev. Edward Davis be requested to deliver 
the inaugural address before the first regular meeting of the association. 

THE FIEST REGULAR MEETING 

Was held May 26, 1881. The Committee on Constitution and By-Laws reported, 
which report was accepted on motion made by John E. Day. The Committee on 
Permanent Officers was directed to reconsider report, which order was followed 
by the recommendation of Chauncey G. Cady for president ; Williard A. Wales, 
treasurer, and John E. Day, secretary. The following-named gentlemen were 
appointed Vice-Presidents : O. G. Burgess, Richmond ; Hiram Barrows, Armada ; 
Dexter Mussey, Bruce ; Jolni A. Tinsman, Washington ; Zelotis Stone, Ray ; John 
Dryer, Lenox; C. H ,oker, Chesterfield; Horace H. Cady, Macomb; John Keeler, 
Shelby ; Charles Hutchins, Stirling ; Edgar Weeks, Clinton ; William Tuckei', 
Harrison ; John Cumings, Erin ; John Beebe, Warren. 

At this meeting over 400 persons were present; the History of Washtenaiv 
County^ introduced and edited by M. A. Leeson, was presented by Mr. Lorenzo 
Davis, son of Rev. J. E. Davis, of Macoinb County, a representative citizen of 
Washtenaw. > 

An executive committee, composed of Stephen B. Cannon,"Martin ■Buzzell, 
and Perry M. Bentley, was elected. 

C. Harlow Green read a paper on tiie early schools, of the churches and 
pastors of Macomb County. 

The Secretary, John E. Day, spoke in support of Rev. Mr. Davis' paper, 
and on the importance of securing not only a history of events connected with the 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



county, but also a biographical sketch of each of the old settlers. His remarks 
were fully concurred in. 

The address of welcome delivered by the centenarian, Rev. J. E. Davis, of 
Macomb Township, was a remarkably able paper, very full and instructive, and one 
which was received most enthusiastically by tlie people. 

The second meeting of the society was held at Gray's Opera House, Romeo, 
September 7, 1881. This reunion was one of the most important ever held by the 
pioneers of any county in the Union, made so by the historic excellence of the dis- 
courses delivered. Dexter Mussey spoke on the local history of Romeo, Judge 
.James B. Eldridge on the organization in Macomb County. J. E. Day read 
Nathaniel Carter's paper on his settlement in the County. Mr. Day also read a 
poem by James Lawson, the writer being then at Point St. Ignace, engaged in the 
examination of public lands. Tiie first temperance movement in the county was ably 
treated by the secretary ; while S. H. Ewell dealt with tlie first election, on the 
Temperance Ticket, held at Romeo. The president, C. G. Cady, H. A. Cady, Elisha 
Calkins, Oran Freeman, Thos. Stalker, and Josejah Chubb were among the speakers 
and story-tellers. 

The third reunion of the society was held within the Congregational Ciiurch, 
Armada Village, December 28, 1881. C. G. Cady presided with John E. Day, 
secretary. This, the writer is inclined to think, was one of the most agreeable 
reunions ever participated in. It was organized at the instance of the secretary and 
was complete in every particular — social and literary. Rev. H. N. Bissell delivered 
a discourse on the early History of Macomb. The young ladies, who added so 
mxich to the success of the meeting, were partially rewarded by witnessing the 
excitement, which one of their practical jokes drew forth. They helped the old ' 
people to tea, cream and salt — they enjoyed the luxury of doing good, and were 
particularly amused to witness the wry faces which their senior friends assumed 
when the joke was discovered. 

A paper was read by Perrin C. Goodell, on Earlij Times in Armada. Messrs. 
Ewell and Davis, accompanied on the organ by Miss Owen, rendered the song 
— Tlie Old Musician and his Havp, very effectively. Mr. H. O. Brown, representing 
the writer of the County History, laid before the meeting a plan of the proposed 
history. His address was well received. L. D. Owen read a paper on early times 
in Shelby; the president recited a number of his experiences of early settlement. 
Edgar Weeks dealt with the history of the Press of Macomb County; Oran Free- 
man related a few unvarnished tales ; an historical committee was appointed to 
aid the general historian in the correction or revision of the general history, and 
a vote of thanks passed to the people of Armada, as well as to the genial pres- 
ident. 



224 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



CHAETEB MEMBERS. 

Chauncey G. Cady, born in Ofcsego County, N. Y., August 20, 1803, settled in 
Clinton Township, at Mount Clemens, October 20, 1820, elected president of the 
Macomb County Pioneer Association in 1881. 

M. I. Cady, born in Onondaga County, N. Y., December 19, 1820. Moved to 
Oakland, and located in Warren Township, Macomb Co., in 1832. 

John E. Day, son of Erastus Day, Jr., was born in Armada Township, January 
11, 1838, is now a resident of Richmond Township, and secretary of the Pioneer 
Society of Macomb County. 

John Cannon, born at Salem, Mass., September 21, 1808, moved to Saratoga, 
N. Y., thence to Washtenaw Co., Mich., and in 1831, located on Section 3, Shelby 
Township, where he has been minister of the Christian Church since 1831. 

Calvin G. White, born at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., July 10, 1803, moved to West- 
ern New York in 1817, and to Armada Township, May 16, 1831. 

S. H. Davis and his wife, S. M. Davis, born in Genesee County, N. Y., Septembei' 
13, 1813, settled in Washington Township at Romeo, June 15, 1813. 

Robert Warner. See biographical sketch. 

Arad Freeman was. born at Pompey, N. Y., February 28, 1815, moved to On- 
tario County, N. Y., and thence to Ray Township, Macomb County, June 3, 
1824. 

Peter J. Lerich, born in Warren County, N. J., May 20, 1810, settled in Shelby, 
May 29, 1835. 

Sarah F. Lerich was born in Warren County, N. J., December, 4, 1817, settled 
in Shelby, May 29, 1835. 

John Gass was born in Green County, N. Y., 1808, moved to Ray Township 
in 1830, where he settled on Section 29. 

Samuel H. Ewell, born at Romeo, now Middlebury, Genesee Co., N. Y., January 
3, 1819, moved to Bruce Township, May 28, 1836. 

Martin Buzzell, born in Canada East, May 16, moved to Western New York 
in 1817, and to Bruce Township, July 1831. 

Julia A. Buzzell, born in Canada, November 11, 1824, moved to Washington 
TownshiiJ, October 6, 1844. 

Stephen B. Cannon, born in Washtenaw County, Mich., September 30, 1832, 
settled in Washington Township, Macomb County, January, 1834. 

Hiram W. Miller, was born at Hampton, Washington Co., N. J., November 26, 
1814, moved to Genesee County, N. Y., and thence to Washington Township, this 
County, June, 1822. 

E. D. Hamblin, was born at Windsor, Vt., January 16, 1809 ; moved to Mon- 
roe County, N. Y., and thence to Macomb County, Mich., June 1, 1826. 



lliu 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



MEMBERS ENROLLED SINCE ORGANIZATION. 

O. D. Thompson, born at Wellport, N. Y., December 23, 1835; settled at 
Romeo, November, 1858. Principal of Romeo Higli School. 

William L. Dicken, born in Ray Township, Macomb County, October 8, 1833, 
County Clerk, January 1, 1879. 

Charles Tackles, born in Macomb County, November '22, 1827. Elected 
County Treasurer, and entered on duties of that office, January 1, 1879. 

Joseph Chubb, born at Pittsford, Monroe Co., N. Y., April 5, 1822, moved into 
Ray Township, Macomb County, May, 1825, was admitted an Attorney-at-Law in 
1862 by the Washtenaw Circuit Court. 

Henry Connor, born in Macomb County, October 25, 1818, grandson of the 
pioneer, Richard O'Connor. He has been proprietor of the hotel at Mount Clemens 
for the last thirtj'-five years. 

James B. Eldridge, born in Macomb County, November 25, 1836 ; elected 
Judge of Probate in 1876, and entered on duties of that office, January 1, 1877. 

Robert J. Crawford, born in Macomb County, September 1, 1858. 

Calvin Davis, born in Macomb County, July 27, 1832. 

George A. Waterbury, born at St. Clair, St. Clair County, August 11, 1847 ; 
moved to Sanilac in 1848; to Romeo, Jidy, 1873, now proprietor and editor of the 
Romeo Observer, and possessor of a fine collection of antiquities and minerals. 

Erastus Day, born iu Otsego County, N. Y., October 15, 1808 ; moved into 
Canada, 1812, and to Lima, N. Y., in 1824; thence to Bruce Township, Macomb 
County, December, 182G. He was for fifty years a captain of State Militia, and is a 
survivor of the Toledo War. 

jV rs. Betsey Day was born at Burlington, Otsego Co., N. Y., October 17, 1813''; 
moved to Chautauqua County, N. Y., in 1816, to Erie County, Pa., in 1826, and 
thence to Macomb County, Mich., iu 1835. This lady was the pioneer school 
teacher of Armada Township. 

Julia Seeley, born in Lindon Township, Vt., January 11, 1808; moved to 
Oneida County, N. Y., thence to Onondaga, thence to Niagara and lastly to 
Michigan, in 1831. She is the daughter of Joseph Thurston. 

William Inwood, born at Dunkinfield, Southampton, England, February 28, 
1791. Came to Washington Township, Macomb County, May 22, 1837. 

Dexter Mussey, born at Worcester, Mass., January 12, 1811 ; moved to Lowell, 
Mass., in 1832, and to Romeo, Mich., in 1837. He was speaker of the House of 
Representatives. 

Grace N. Owen, born in Genesee County, N. Y., November 12, 1824 ; moved 
to Shelby Township, June 18, 1825. 

Charles Andrews, born at Putney, Vt, August 28, 1820; moved to West 

15 



V 



■+• 



HISTORY OF :\1AC0M1! COUNTY. 



Bloomfield in 1829, to Mindon, N. Y., in 1830, to Pittsford, N. Y., in 1832, to 
Armada in 1840. State Senator from 1828 to 1870. 

Horace H. Cady, born at Hadley, Windham Co., Conn., February 20, 1801, 
moved to Batavia, Genesee Co., N. Y., and thence to Mount Clemens, May 24, 
1821. Mr. Cady hiis been a member of the Legislature for many years; 

Deliverance S. Priest, boi'n at Bennington, Vt., August 7, 1814, moved to 
Western New York in 1819, thence to Ray Township, Macomb County, in 1838. 

John N. Selliek, born at Middlebury, Wyoming Co., N. Y., February 17, 1808 ; 
moved to Avon, Livingstone Co., in 1814, and thence to Romeo, Midi., i.i March, 
1837. 

J. W. AUor, born in Jefferson County, N. Y., Aug. 19, 1837, came to Chester- 
field, Macomb Co., October 23, 1852. 

Oran Freeman was born in Onondago County, N. Y., June 14, 1818 ; moved 
to Ontario, N. Y., and thence to Ray Township, June 1, 1824. 

George W. Garvin was born in Washington Township, Macomb County, 
August 26, 1835, now a resident of Ray Townsliip. 

George W. Gass, born in Green County, N. Y., May 1, 1813, came to Ray 
Township, October 3, 1836. 

Ljdia Bailey, born at Romeo in 1834, daughter of Asahel Bailey, still resides 
at Romeo. 

Luthe'' Procter was born at Armada in 1830. 

Mrs. Luther Procter, daughter of A. W. Stirling, was born at Romeo in 1836. 

Nathaniel Carter, born at Leominster, Mass., February 20, 1806 ; settled in 
Armada Township, September 10, 1831. 

Edmund Gould, born in Onondaga County, N. Y., June 14, 1817; moved to 
Ontario County, N. Y., and thence to Bruce Township, June 1, 1823. 

Wilson Cronk, born in Rensselaer County, N. Y., March 22, 1822 ; moved to 
Otsego County, thence to Monroe County, N. Y., and lastly to Ray Township, 
December 20, 1854. 

Julia A. Cronk was born in Erie County, N. Y., January 23, 1828 ; moved 
thence to Cattaraugus County, N. Y., and again to Ray, February 21, 1855. 

Philip Cudworth was born at Richmond, Ontario Co., N. Y., March 30, 1811 ; 
located on Section 33 of Armada, October, 1835. 

Stephen H. Fitch,, born in Columbia County. N. Y., July 17, 1807, moved to 
Ontario County, N. Y., in 1824 ; thence to Cattaraugus County, 1828, and to 
Romeo, May 2, 1831. 

Mrs. Phcebe Waterman, daughter of Mr. Stroup, was born in Seneca County, N. 
Y., April 27, 1815 ; removed to Yates County, N. Y., and thence to Ray, Macomb 
Co., Mich., in May, 1827. 



[^s 



-14* 



HISTORY OF MACOilB COUNTY. 



Mrs. Chloe Steward, wife of N. Carter, born in Vermont, April 13, 1815, 
moved to New York State, and thence to Ray, in 1B29. 

Mrs. Joseph Crissman, formerly Miss Elizabeth Snover, was born in Warren 
County, N. J., July, 1806, came to Bokland June 1, 1832. 

Wallace Westbrook, born in Sussex County, N. Y., April 16, 1824, moved to 
Ontario County, N. Y., thence to Bruce Township, October 15, 1848. 

Daniel Miller, born in Madison County, N. Y., February 18, 1798, moved to 
Genesee County, thence to Washington Township, 1822. He was a soldier of the 
War of 1812-14. 

Jesse Bishop, born at Richmond, N. Y., May 24, 1303, moved to Monroe 
County, N. Y., and came to Bruce Township, Macomb Co., August 14, 1831. 

Ebenezer Brooks, born at Putney, Vt., January 15, 1809 ; moved into Massa- 
chusetts in 1818, thence to Lenox, Macomb County, April, 1834. 

Mrs. C. D. Brooks settled here with her husband. 

Josiah T. Robinson, born in Otsego County, N. Y., January 2, 1807 ; moved into 
Onondaga County, thence to Monroe, next to Orleans County, and lastly settled 
in Clinton Township, May 18, 1831. 

Major Webster, born in Monroe County, N. Y., August 29, 1801, moved to Ray 
Township, June 1, 1826. 

Michael Bowmann was born in New York State in 1786. 

Edmund L. Goff was born in Monroe County, N. Y., January 6, 1817 ; came 
to Washington, December 20, 1838. 

Lucy Goff was born in Oakland County, N. Y., May 8, 1823; came to Shelby, 
Macomb Co., March, 1830. 

G. W. Phillips, was born at Lima, Livingston Co., N. Y., July 17, 1829, came 
to Armada, August, 1831. He has been president of the State Board of Agricul- 
ture from 1870 to 1872 ; member of the Board for twelve years, and president of 
the M. Co. Ag. Society for eight years. 

H. T. Bancroft, born in Niagara County, N. Y., April 8, 1827, moved to 
Armada, Mich., July 14, 1839. 

L. D. Owen, born in Genesee County, N. Y., August 16, 1815 ; came to Shelby, 
July 3, 1825. 

Mrs. G. W. Phillips, born at Romeo, December 6, 1828, daughter of A. W. 
Sterling. 

Daniel Flagler, born at Albany, N. Y., May 14, 1814, moved into Richmond 
Township, Macomb County, October, 1836. 

Alex. H. Shelp, born in Orange County, N. Y., January 8, 1820 ; settled at 
Mount Clemens, October 17, 1843, and at Romeo, August 17, 1846. 

G. H. Cannon, was born in Saratoga County, N. Y., December 30, 1826, moved 



HISTORY OF :\IACOMl} COUNTY. 



to Washtenaw in 1833, and to Bruce Township in 1835. Mr. Cannon has been 
engaged in the Public Land Survey sevice since 1849. He has contributed not a 
little to the geological and archteological history of this State. 

Amos Finch, born in Macomb County, July 10, 1836. Native. 

E. F. Siblej', born at Brighton, N. Y., November 29, 1827; settled in Armada 
Township, October, 1835. 

Hiram Barrows, born at Wyoming, N. Y., in 1824 ; moved westward to Wis- 
consin in 1842 ; came to Michigan five years later, and settled in Ray Township in 
May, 1847. Mr. Barrows has served the Union in the War of 1861-5. 

Mrs. Anna A. Pettibone, born in Wyoming County, N. Y. ; came to Michigan 
witli her husband in 1845. 

Mrs. Pierce, formerly May Lvisk, was born iu Monroe Count3s N. Y., January 
10, 1810 ; came to Washington Township, July 3, 1848. 

Mrs. Geo. (Simmons) Carter, Rev. Thomas Stalker, Elisha Calkins, and J. L. 
Starkweather, are among the members of the Society. 

Anna Finch (Smith) born in Richmond Township, September 24, 1846, removed 
to Shiawassee County in 1861, returned to Armada in 1867. Native. 

Nathan Hurd was born in Canada, August 7, 1825 ; settled in Macomb County 
in 1834. 

Mrs. H. N. Bissell (Elizabeth Hubbard), was born at Bolton, Conn., February 
25, 1820, and moved to Mount Clemens in 1854. 

Rev. H. N. Bissell, born at East Wiusor, Conn., June 2, 1816, moved to Milan, 
Ohio in 1835, and to Macomb County in 1854. 

Perrin C. Goodeli, born in Monroe County, N. Y., July 2, 1817, settled iu 
Armada Township, May 17, 1831. 

H. N. Richards, hovn at Wethersfield, N. Y., January 2, 1820, settled in Lenox 
Townslup, November 15, 1842. 

G. H. Stuart, born at West Bloomfield, N. Y., October 20, 1813, settled in 
Richmond Township, in May, 1842. 

Setli Davis, born in Richmond Township, July 13, 1840, moved into Armada 
Township in 1873. 

John E. Barringer, born in Ontario County, N. Y., July 16, 1841, settled in 
Armada Township, November 4, 1862. 

S3'rena (Smith) Flagler, is one of the old settlers of the county, and a member 
of tlie Society. 

W. G. Anderson, born in Otsego County, N. Y., May 22, 1817, moved to 
Mazara County in 1821, and thence to Macomb County, May 22, 1831. 

William E. Preston, born at Eastford, Conn., June 20, 1822, moved to Chau- 
tauqua County in 1854, and to Macomb County in 1865. 



r 



'-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Lavinia E. P. Preston (Leonard), was born at Woodstock, Conn., June 19, 
1824, moved eastward in 1846, and to Armada in 1865. 

James Flower, born in Delaware County, N. Y., October 18, 1810, moved to 
Genesee County, N. Y., in 1828, to Washtenaw County, Mich., in 1832, and to 
Armada Townshij) in 1835. 

Josejih Weller, born in Chesterfield Townshij), July 4, 1831. Native. 

Newman Freeman was born in Washington Township, April 27, 1832; settled 
in Armada Township in 1844. Native. 

Mary Freeman (Frost) was born in Armada Township, July 28, 1839. Native. 

Sajlie A. Aldricli (Finch) was born at Richmond, Ontario Co., N. Y., June 9, 
1818, settled at Armada in 1828. 

James Banister, born at Gainesville, Wyoming Co., N. Y., March 27, 1827, 
moved to Ontario County, N. Y., thence to Armada, June, 1855. 

Charlotte Day (Smith), born at Aurelius, Cayuga Co., N. Y., March 27, 1827, 
moved to Ontario County, N. Y., and thence to Armada, 1855. 

Jane (Butterfield) Pomeroy, Linott Butterfield, Mary E. (Corbin) Sibley, 
Charles A. Lathrop, Rachel A. (Young) Lathrop, and Mrs. A. C. Bennett, are 
among the members of the Society. 

W. D. Pettibone, born in Wyoming County, N. Y., July 24, 1834, settled in 
Michigan, at Armada, July 4, 1845. 

John Hicks, born at Bristol, Ontario Co., N. Y., October 15, 1803, settled in 
Richmond Township, October 16, 1836. 

Bert C. Preston was born in Armada Township, January 2, 1 859. Native. 

Elisha D. Lathrop was born in Armada Township, December 25, 1839. Native. 

Caleb Miller was born in Orleans County, N. Y., October 21, 1814. 

Geo. N. Carter born in Armada Township, Macomb County, March 1, 1834. 

S. H. Corbyn, of Plainfield, Mich., an old settler of the county, was admitted 
a member of the Society. 

PIONEER REMINISCENCES. 

In the following pages extracts from the records, belonging to the Pioneer 
Association, are given, together with iriany stories, characteristic of pioneer life, 
collected from otlier sources. Tiie sketches of the O'Connor, or Connor, and the 
Tucker families are taken from papers on the early history of the county by Judge 
Eldredge. 

THE O'CONNOR FAMILY. 

About the year 1744, during an out-break in Ireland, when the times were 
turbulent there, and the beauties of the new world were somewhat known to the 
people of that country, two young Irishmen, some sixteen or eighteen 3'ears old, 
brothers, secretly boarded a vessel about leaving one of the ports for America, and 



^ 



M\ 



HISTORY OF JIAC05IB COUNTY. 



hid themselves among the freight, until the vessel was well at sea. They were 
named Richard and John O'Connor. 

Upon their arrival here, or soon after, they separated, and Richard working to 
the West, finally arrived at the place now called Painesville, Ohio, where by in- 
dustry and perseverance, he acquired what in those days was considered quite a 
propert}'. He remained at that point for a number of years, married there, and engaged 
in the business of trading — mainly with the Indians. 

The maiden name of the lady he married was Myers. O'Connor had, while 
doing business with the Indians, learned of the fact that they had a white girl in 
their tribe as prisoner. He immediately opened negotiations for her purchase, and 
finally succeeded in acquiring title. He paid in dicker what was then considered 
as $200. Many in our day would undoubtedly consider this a good bargain, for 
most of our young men indirectly pay a larger sum than this in divers costly 
methods of testifying regard. Gifts, treats, balls, and rides, and for a wife that 
proves to be a burden, instead of a help-meet. 

Miss Myers, who was thus redeemed from captivity, was taken by the Indians 
during one of their raids upon the defenceless frontiers of the Colonies. When 
taken she was about four years old. Her father, when he discovered the approach 
of' the Indians, hid tlie children and attempted to flee for succor. He was living 
upon the Monongahela River, in the State of Maryland. He swam the river and as 
he ascended the opposite bank was shot dead. The Indians, in searching for plun- 
der, approached so near the secreted cliildren that one of them could not refrain 
from an exclamation of fear. They were discovered and taken. Two of them 
were subsequently recaptured fi-om the Indians. The third was kept and brought 
up by them as a slave, until she was bought from her captors by her future husband. 

Richard O'Connor with his wife remained at Painesville until some time dur- 
ing the Revolutionary War, when in one of the many expeditions organized and set 
on foot by the British against the defenceless out-posts of the Colonies, the whole 
family were taken prisoners by the Chippewas. The family then consisted of Mr. 
O'Connor, his wife, and tliree or four children. As to the number of children born 
before theii' captui'e, there are different accounts. From one of the grandchildren 
we learn that there were five, John, William, James, Henry, and Susanna. 

The family were ruthlessly stripped of all property, and were not allowed to 
retain even a kettle for which Mrs. O'Connor prayed that her captors miglit assign 
to them. They were compelled to travel on foot, when the Chippewas retreated 
to their home, which was situated on the Huron of Lake St. Clair (now the 
Clinton). 

In this weary march Mr. O'Connor first bore one tlien another of his sons in 
liis arms, and the mother bore continually upon her back after the manner in which 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the tribe in which she had so long been kept prior to her mai-riage, carried their 
burdens. 

It was late in the fall, and the feet of the little ones suffered severely. James, 
particularly, had his feet cut by the hard frozen ground and for miles marked his 
foot-steps with blood. He had a wiry, enduring frame, and the manliness he dis- 
played in the weary tramp, attracted the admiration of one of the Chippewa chiefs, 
and when the journey's end was reached this chief claimed and took James as his 
special property. After their arrival here the boys were separated from the family 
and scattered among the various tribes. Thus it was each one in after years spoke 
a different dialect of the Indian language. The father, mother, and youngest child 
if there were but four, were kept together. 

Soon afterward, within a few years, the Moravians were located by order or 
advice of the Commandant at Detroit, upon the Huron, at Frederick. Immediately 
upon their arrival, the family were one by one redeemed. First, Mr. O'Connor, his 
wife, and youngest child; then the bo3's John, Henry, and William; James was 
not so soon redeemed. The chief who had adopted him was otherwise childless, 
and for a time refused to deliver him up, but gave to Mr. O'Connor the privilege 
of visiting his son at the home of his Indian father, at stated periods. The chief 
learned to love James very much, and he took particular pride in his manlj' bearing 
and the vigor he displayed at all times. He was accustomed to dress the then lad 
in the war-paint and feathers of a young chieftain, and to teach him the various 
arts in which the Indiaii took pleasure. The boy thus acquired the habits and 
manners of the youth of his tribe, and learned to love them and the life he then 
seemed destined to lead. He, to some extent, forgot his past life and its associa- 
tions, and even learned to despise, and regarded with fear, his own parents. 

So strong was this feeling with him that upon the announcement that his white 
father was coming he would flee into the woods and conceal himself in the thickets 
like a frightened fawn, and would reappear only at the call of his Indian father. 

When finally his white father did prevail upon the chief to surrender the child 
lie had to be confined like a prisoner for a number of days to prevent his return to 
the wilds again. 

The songs and caresses of the mother aided by the sports of the brothers finally 
overcame his desire to return to the tent of the chieftain, and Mr. O'Connor again 
!iad about him his whole family. This was accomplished after the time that the 
Moravians took their departure from the county. It is claimed that the desire of 
the mother to remain near her child was one of the main reasons why O'Connor 
did not accompany the Mission, with which he had become connected. 

Mr. O'Connor remained upon the spot he liad chosen for a home, on the farm 
now known as the " Velt's farm" about one and a half miles west of Mt. Clemens. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



He was accustomed to till in his way tlie vai-ious spots along the river, that were 
left clear, by Nature, or had been cleared by the Indians. One of these spots was 
known as the " Macoanee Meadows," and afterwards known as the Moe-place. 

In our former article we abstracted from the paper of the Rev. Mr. Bissel, a 
portion thereof in which it was asserted that Mr. Richard O'Conner came to tlie 
county with tlie Moravians Zeisberger-Jungmau and others in 1783. 

We have gathered tlie facts we have above written from one of the Jescendants 
of Mr. O'Connor, and do not undertake to determine which version, the Rev. Mr. 
Bissel's or the one we have given, is the true one, though we incline to accept the 
family tradition as above set forth, as the more reliable. 

Mr. Bissel, in speaking further of Mr. O'Connor and his family, says : — 
" Though we have not the precise date of Mr. O'Connor's arrival, yet he was 
there with his wife and four sons James, John, William, and Henry, in 1783. De- 
cember 16 of that year, his youngest child, Susanna, afterwards wife of Elisha Har- 
rington was born, and was baptized by the Moravian Missionary the 21st. She was, 
probably, the first child born in this county of parents speaking the English lan- 
guage. She died in 1848, aged sixty-five years." This Mr. Richard 
O'Connor was the ancestor of those families who now are known as 
Connors or Conners. They have Yankeefied their name by dropping 
the O'. He was undoubtedly the first white man speaking English who attempted 
the erection of a home within the limits of this county. He died here on the 17th 
of April, 1808. His life was an eventful one. It may have been a boyish freak 
that led to his departure for this country from that land which never reared a for- 
getful son. Often, as he was borne over the ocean, must he naturally have regretted 
the stej) he had taken. 

The many trials of his manhood through which he must have passed ere he 
reached and while he resided in Ohio, could they be faithfully recorded would make 
an interesting histor)'. The manner in which he commenced his wooing, his sub- 
sequent capture, the dispersion of his family, his persistent and untiring efforts to 
rescue his children, his final location so far in the wilderness, away from society 
and civilization, in fine his whole life is a fitter foundation for a romance than it is 
for a plain, unvarnished historical article, written solely as this is to rescue from 
oblivion sometliing of the history of those who first came to this county. 

THE TXTCKAR FAMILY. 

During the French war, and about the year 1753, the Chippewas, who inhab- 
ited this section of the State, became engaged in one of the raids so frequent in 
those days, upon the settlements in Virginia. They surprised a family of Virginians 
ensxaaed in harvesting wheat near Stoverstown in that State. The head of the 



' ^5 



hH. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



family was ruthlessly shot down, and two boys seized as prisoners, and brought to 
the homes of the tribe. The boys were named Joseph and William Tuckar. Wil- 
liam was then about eleven years old, Joseph was some years older. These boys 
were retained as prisoners until near of age, when they, under the influence of the 
British, were allowed to visit their childhood's home. They had, however, during 
their captivity, been treated with considerable kindness, and had learned to love 
the life in the woods. They remained in Virginia but a short time, and returned 
to the post at Detroit where they entered the employ of traders. They soon en- 
gaged in the business themselves. They received supplies of goods from the 
traders at the post, and visited the different abiding places and camps of the Indians, 
relying mainly for transportation upon the canoe. 

The elder brother, Joseph Tuckar, it is believed, was lost on one of these 
trips. He, with a comrade, had gone on a trading expedition to an island in the 
northern part of Lake Huron, where a tribe of friendly Indians with whom he was 
acquainted was accustomed to dwell. The tribe was abseut on a hunting expedi- 
tion to the mainland, and remained away a number of weeks. Upon returning 
they found in one of the cabins the goods which formed the supplies of the traders, 
and the full equipage thereof. Sometime afterward they found upon another 
island a short distance off, the bleached remains of two whites, one of which they 
recognized as Joseph Tuckar by a peculiar, large brooch he was accustomed to 
wear. It was presumed that having arrived in the camp of the tribe they sought 
to visit, and finding the Indians absent, they haol with their boat alone, gone to the 
neighboring island in search of the tribe, and that the boat had, while the traders 
were searching the island, floated off and left them no means of escape. They had 
evidently starved, which is the report of the tribe, as given to William Tuckar, 
and so friendly were these Indians to Joseph and bis brother there is little reason 
to disbelieve it. 

The outbreak of Pontiac's conspiracy in 1763 found the younger brother, 
William Tuckar, in the employ of the English commandant. Major Gladwin, at 
Detroit. To William Tuckar alone, was the garrison at that place indebted for the dis- 
covery of Pontiac's intentions, and the consequent saving of the post. The tribe 
by which he had for years been held a captive, was engaged in the enterprise of 
which the famous Indian chieftain was the leader. He had, according to Indian 
custom, been adopted into one of the leading families of the tribe, and to the 
younger members thereof was like a brother. He was intending to go upon a 
hunting expedition from the fort for a few days, and on the day before the out- 
break, was visiting the family in which he had been kept during his captivity, who 
were tented upon this side of the river, and but a short distance from the fort. 
While there he made known his intentions as to the sporting trip he was about to 






HISTORY OF JIACOMB COUNTY. 



take, and solicited the company of one of his young Indian brothers. This was re- 
fused. He also, while there, made known to the family that early in the morn he was 
going to the general camp of the Indians across the river to get some moccasins that 
were being made for him by a squaw famous for her skill in that line. 

As he left the camp to go to the fort, his Indian sister secretly followed him 
beyond hearing of her family, and with anxious countenance, besought him not to 
go across the river, but to start at once upon his hunting trip, and she tendered to 
liim some moccasins she had made, in order to enable him to go prepai"ed, witliout 
visiting the other side of the river. William's perfect knowledge of the Indian 
character at once suggested to him that there was some terrible reason for her 
anxiety, and he besought her to make it known. Her sisterly affection for him 
finally prompted her to disclose to him fully what she had learned as to the intent 
of Pontiac. The position of her family had enabled her to become conversant with 
all the details of the plan so soon to be executed upon the devoted garrison. 

Mr. Tuckar immediately returned to the fort and informed the commandant 
of the post of what he had learned. Measures were taken to defeat the nefarious 
designs of the wily chief. The success of these measures, and the overthrow of 
Pontiac, are matters of general history, and pertain not particularly to that of this 
county. 

It is more than probable that the facts here set forth as to William Tuckar's 
discovery of the plot of Pontiac, are the only foundation for the romantic statement 
as to the Indian girl, Catherine, betraying her tribe out of simple admiration for 
Major Gladwin, who had been but a short time at the post, and even could not speak 
the Indian language, that have generally been accepted as history. So prone 
are imaginative historians to accredit tlie performance of any notable deed 
solely to persons in high life, that one does not wonder at the ease with which 
the facts connected with Tuckar's discovery of the plot, have been woven into 
quite a romance, of which Gladwin is the pretended hero. 

William Tuckar was the first person about the garrison who learned of the 
deep-laid scheme of Pontiac. He alone conveyed the intelligence to Major 
Gladwin. 

Both Lanman and Sheldon, in their histories of the State mention Mr. Tuckar 
as a soldier in the garrison, and accredit him with having been apprised as above 
stated, of the conspiracy; but for the sake of ornamental romance, it is claimed 
that Gladwin was also on the same day apprised by his dusky, smoky sweetheart to 
the same effect. 

During the struggle of the garrison to save themselves from destruction, Mr. 
Tuckar, although reall}' a non-combatant, did the duty of a soldier, and for sixty 
days and nights, was almost steadily on guard. During that time his gun was out 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



of his hands but for a moment at a time. Fully aware of the nature of the enemas 
he, of all the garrison, best knew the necessitj' of constant watchfulness. 

After the overthrow of Pontiac and the restoration of comparative peace, Mr. 
Tuckar returned to Virgijiia, and married at Stover's Town, August 8, 1773, 
Catherine Hezel. After his marriage he returned to Detroit, and lived there until 
the Revolutionary war commenced. During that struggle he was employed as an 
interpreter by the English officers in their intercourse with the Indians. He de- 
clined to take the position of a combatant on their side in the struggle. His ability 
to speak the Indian language of the various tribes made his services of impor- 
tance. 

Prior to the commencement of the struggle upon the part of the colonies for 
Independence, Tuckar had been chiefly engaged in trading expeditions among the 
Indians, at times acting simplj' as interpreter for other traders. 

In all his intercourse with the Indians he acted the part of an honest, upright 
man. This, together with the fact that he was by reason of his importance as an 
interpretor of many Indian dialects, enabled him to exercise large influence. He 
never hesitated to use this in many cases of attempted frauds upon those with whom 
he had spent his earlier years. He came to be justly regarded as an especial friend 
of the savage. As a reward for his kindness the chiefs of the Chippewas on the 
22d of September, A. D. 1780, acting for their whole tribe, executed to him a deed 
in the name of their people, of a large tract of land nearly all lying between the 
River Huron, of Lake St. Clair, and the Riviere Aux Vase, extending back 
from the lake some sixty miles. This deed is written upon parchment, in beauti- 
ful handwriting, and was drawn by one T. Williams at Detroit, who certifies there- 
on, as a Justice of the Peace, that the several chiefs whose names are attached to 
said deed, did make the characters purporting to be made by them, and that the 
same was their free act and deed. 

The chiefs signed it by drawing in ink, their respective "totems," one being 
a turtle, another a crow, and the others similar symbols, and is now in possession 
of the Tuckar family. Not being signed by the British Governor of Canada, it was 
not regarded as any proof of title by the United States upon their assuming control 
of the countrJ^ and Mr. Tuckar was thus left in the same position as the French 
settlers upon the lake and Mr. Richard Connor, entirely dependent upon the liber- 
alitj' of the new Republic. 

Mr. Tuckar had procured the execution of the deed by the Indians, for the 
purpose of making him a permanent home, a sufficient distance from the growing 
settlements to allow him to pass his life in the enjoyment of those pursuits so con- 
genial to him, and to leave hunting, trapping and fur-trading undisturbed by the 
bustle of life in populated communities, and yet sufficiently near a post of import- 



r, ^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



iiiice to give his home the position of comparative security from distant marautling 
tribes. 

During his cai:)tivity he had undoubtedly admired the great beauty of the 
country lying upon the Huron. In a state of nature but few sections of the country 
jiresented greater attractions to such a man. The fertility of the soil, the great 
al)undance of game, the loveliness of the situation, its great rural beauty were suffi- 
cient attractions. But added to this the spot he had determined to locate npon was 
a favorite one with the Indians, almost steadily it was their camping ground. On 
and near that spot their traditions told them, many sanguinary battles between 
the Chippewas and their enemies had been fought, years before the eye of the white 
men had seen the country of the great lakes. 

Mr. Tuckar partook somewhat of this veneration and love for the spot, and 
when at the establishment of peace between the United States and the British Gov- 
ernment, the growth of his family demandetl the establishment of a fixed home, he 
immediately prepared to remove them. He arrived with his family in the spring of 
1784, and selected as a site for his dwelling a spot but little distance from what was 
evidently an old Indian fort used in the days of the struggle for possession of tliis 
country between the Chippeways and the Sauks. 

The remains of this fort as they appeared at his arrival consisted of an embank- 
ment and corresponding ditch on the outside, sweeping from the bank of the stream 
around about one and a half or two acres of ground, to the bank again, making 
nearly a complete circle. The opening being directly at the river bank. Outside 
of this were the evidences that the soil had been cultivated and that the Indian had 
for a time raised his maize there. Within it were found many bits of broken pot- 
tery of a peculiar character. There were other similar remains of what must have 
been rude forts on the bank of the Huron on the lands subsequently and even to 
this day owned by the descendants of William Tuckar. 

CHRISTIAN CLEMENS. 

Christian Clemens, the pioneer settler of Mt. Clemens, was born in Montgom- 
ery or Bucks County, Pa., Jan. 30, 1768. He resided on the Pennsylvanian 
homestead until twenty-seven years old, the while giving his entire attention to 
agriculture. In 1795 he came to Detroit, where he engaged in the manufacture 
of leather. Within a short time after his arrival he bought a tract of land on the 
Rouge River, and laid down those precedents which were so extensively followed 
by those who came after him to settle in the wilderness. Mr. Clemens made his 
home at Detroit until 1798, when he removed to the Huron River or Clinton. 
Here he purchased a tract of land ; the same referred to in the chapter on the 
French pioneers. The first dwelling house was built by him on, or close by, the 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



site of the present red brick store of Miller, the shoemaker, on Front street. 
Subsequently he built a distillery on the bank of tlie river, below the present 
flouring mill, on the soutli bank, just below the new iron bridge ; also a still-house 
just east of the Fleumer Mill. He built a dwelling-house on the site of George 
M. Crocker's present residence. He carried on a trading store here at an early 
day, and founded the village of Mt. Clemens u\ 1818. He has held the positions of 
Militia Colonel, Chief -Justice of County Court, Judge of Probate, etc. 

The relation which Judge Clemens bore to Macomb County, and more 
particularly to Mt. Clemens, was so intimate, that his name must necessarily be 
closel}^ associated with the general historj' of the county. No matter what chapter 
we take up, his name is found therein, and for this reason we are inclined to refer 
the reader to the general history, so that the part taken by the judge in building 
up the county may be truly estimated. His death occurred at Mt. Clemens, Aug. 
25, 1844; his funeral was truly a representative one. 

CHRISTIAN CLEMENS IN A BRITISH DUNGEON. 

Wherever the British flag floated, there was the prison for the people — not for 
the criminals. Immediately after the suri-ender of Hull, Christian Clemens, then 
a leading man in the territory, was captured by the British, carried to Detroit, and 
confined within the old fort as a political prisoner, just as the British of to-day 
are doing beyond the Atlantic, and would do here had not their power been 
crushed forever, at least on this continent. His captivity continued until the 
very day before the American soldiers re-captured the position. It must be con- 
ceded, however, that this pioneer of Macomb was not subjected to extreme harsh 
treatment. During the last few days of liis captivity, he was allowed to ramble 
round within the stockade, under the surveillance of Lieuts. Clemens and Watson, 
two officers of the garrison. A friendship sprung up between Lieut. Clemens and 
his prisoner, and the former often accompanied the judge on short visits to his 
family, then living near the fort. It was a common thing for the judge to scale 
the stockade, and make a visit to his wife and children, with whom he would pass 
away the evening, and return at a given hour to his quarters within the fort. For 
some time this procedure was followed by the pioneer of Mt. Clemens unknown to 
his jailors. At length the prisoner was reported missing, and a detachment 
ordered out to search for him. The officer in charge of the troops found the 
judge at his house, quietly smoking his pipe, and enjoying the society of liis 
family. The soldiers seized him, and hurried him back to the fort, without afford- 
ing him any time to snatch his cap, but instead of placing him in his old quarters, 
they cast him into the old jail, which then occupied a site across the present 
Jefferson Avenue from the Michigan Exchange. Here he was rigorously confined 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



and subjected to many hardships, until released on parole, the day before Ameri- 
can courage and honor were avenged, and Hull's true character exposed. After 
tlie pursuit and complete defeat of the British and Indians on the Thames River in 
Canada, Oct. 5, 1813, Lieuts. Clemens and Watson were found among the 
prisoners, and brought back to Detroit. Finding themselves near the home of 
their former prisoner, they asked permission to visit him, which request the 
American General granted, and the two jailers were sooil within the hospitable 
home, among tiie welcome guests of Judge Clemens. 

During Mr. Clemens' imprisonment under the British, Maj. Muir, the com- 
mandant, compelled him to supply himself with food, to be his own cook, and pay 
even for other necessaries of life, which even the Indians were accustomed to give 
to their captives gratis. How different was the treatment of prisoners by the 
United States authorities, soldiers, and citizens, may be realized from the greeting 
wWch awaited the former warders of Judge Clemens after they fell into the hands 
of the Americans. 

DISTINGUISHED VISITANT. 

The datices were given at the house of Judge Clemens or at the Cady House. 
In fact tlie dancers made a home in every house. Gen. Cass, Col. Larned, Gen. 
Brown, Judge May, Col. Clarke, of Monroe ; Maj. Biddle, Ed. Brush, and other 
Statesmen and soldiers of early Michigan made the village a resort, and were in 
tlie habit of taking a striiig band of four performers witli them. Those well-known 
pioneers of the State, after spending some time at Mount Clemens, would pay a 
visit to Judge Connors, two miles west of the Clemens house, wliere the city ceme- 
tery now is. There those merry makers would pass several days, and return to 
Detroit fully satisfied that they had done justice to all the pleasure which the world 
offered them. 

CHASTISING A SAVAGE. 

In one of the pioneer sketches references are made to the Mount Clemens Dis- 
tillery. Here we shall deal with one of the most ardent admirers of that institu- 
tion among the savages of the district. It appears that Christian Clemens left the 
hamlet for Detroit, where he passed some days as a claimant himself, or a witness 
for otlier claimants, before the Board of Land Commissioners. During his absence 
a few members of tlie Otchipwe band or Witanniss Indians found out exactly where 
the precious whisky was stored, and determined to have a drink of it. Before the 
red men could carry out their plans in this direction the nabob of the Huron returned 
just at a moment wlien the naked Pachuk was helping himself to a deep, deep 
draught. The judge realized the situation in a moment, and seizing the old-time 
tongs, which lay on the hearth-stone close by, dealt the noble red man a blow, 
brought him to his knees, and was preparing a second edition of the iron lash, when 



HISTORY OF MACO:\[B COUNTY. 



the frightened savage turned a summerset, regained his feet, and fled, the while 
whooping and calling for vengeance. The pioneer settler made preparations for 
war, but his prudence was unnecessary, at least on that occasion ; for when next he 
saw that whisky-loving savage, he bore a haunch of venison as an offering of peace 
to his white chief and brother. The chronicler proceeds to state that the judge 
often related the story of that event, and always entertained the idea that the 
safety of himself and the members of his family depended on his decisive action at 
the moment. Such examples of Caucasian courage an.d prompt measures were 
common among the early Fi-ench pioneers, and were not wanting on the part of 
Americans. Of the first we have Louis Campeau, at Saginaw, in 1816, and at 
Grand Rapids in 1826-9 ; of the second we have Eleazer Jewett, at the Tittaba- 
wassee post of the American Fur Company in 1826, and Rix Robinson at Ada in 
Kent County in 1823. Those old settlers played the five acts in the drama of life. 

COL. JOHN STOCKTON. 

Col. John Stockton, one of the leading spirits of Michigan in early days, one 
of her oldest soldiers and large-hearted citizens, died at Mount Clemens, November 
26, 1878. The deceased served as an officer in the war of 1812 and Colonel in the 
war of the rebellion. At the time of his death he was in the 88th year of his age. 
He came to Mount Clemens in its very earliest settlement. He married Mary 
Allen, a step-daughter of Judge Clemens, the founder and first settler of Mount 
Clemens. He is the last of those early settlers who has been identified with the • 
interests of the village during its entire history, and was the oldest resident if not 
the oldest person here. He was the first Clerk and Register of Deeds in the 
county, having served in that capacity just sixty-seven years ago, 1818. He was 
also the first Postmaster and Justice of the Peace of Mount Clemens. He was 
generous and hospitable to a fault, and has given to the destitute sufficient to have 
amassed a colossal fortune In the political, organic and military chapters of the 
general history, references are made to this pioneer. 

THOMAS ASHLEY. 

Thomas Ashley arrived at Mt. Clemens in May, 1820. He was a native of Win- 
dom. Conn., removing afterward to Batavia, Genesee Co., N. Y. About the year 
1811 he became acquainted with the Cady family of Batavia Township. In 1820 
he set out on his western journey, and arriving at Detroit, proceeded to Pontiac, 
and thence to Mt. Clemens, where he built the first entire frame structure erected 
in the village, if we except the frame addition to the Clemens House, built by Col. 
Stockton, and the little office of lawyer Ezra Prescott. In October, 1820, his fam- 
ily arrived from Genesee County, and entered at once on a life in the old log house, 



T^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



which then stood immediately in the rear of Henry Connor's stables, and the new 
Week's block. 

The family then comprised Mrs. Lucy Ashley, formerly Mrs. Lucy Cady, who 
married Mr. Ashlej' about 1810 ; her sons Henry and Chauncey G., and her daugh- 
ter Lucy Cad}'. Miss Lovinia Russell, afterwards Mrs. Ezekiel Allen, accompanied 
the family. In May, 1821, Horace H. Cady and his step-brother Alfred Ashley ar- 
rived. In 1821 the sons of Mrs. Ashley erected the old saw-mill on the North Branch 
two miles north of Mt. Clemens, better known as the Haskins mill. The family 
dwelt in the old loghouse until the erection of the frame building referred to 
above, in 1823 ^(the frame was put up in 1821), which stood opposite the new bank- 
ing house of Crocker and Ulrich, removed to give place to the bi'ick block. Ash- 
ley was a farmer and one of the early lawyers of the county. He was among the 
boys of the village of Mt. Clemens, and took part with them in all the merry meet- 
ings of the villagers, as well as in the more serious meetings of the business com- 
munity. 

CHAUNCEY G. CADY. 

Chauncey G. Cady, born in Otsego County, N. Y., Aug. 20, 1803, son of Joseph 
and Lucy (Hutchiiis) Cady, the former a native of Windom, Conn., and the latter 
of Killingsley, Conn., who removed to Otsego County N. Y. in 1801, settled with 
his parents in Buffalo, N. Y. in 1805 or 1806, tlience to Batavia Township, Gene- 
see Co., N. Y. in 1806 or 1807, and made that place his liome until 1820, when the 
* family moved into the Territory of Michigan. 

Joseph Cady left Buffalo on a land exploratory expedition in 1807, and not re- 
turning, he was traced to many prominent villages southwards, and ultimately found 
to have died at Cincinnati on his liomeward journey. 

Mrs. Lucy Cady married Thomas Ashley in 1810, came to Michigan with her 
husband and family in 1820, and died on the Cady liomestead in Sterling Townsliip, 
about 18.38 or 1839. 

Cliauncey G. attended the district scliools in his native State for about three 
years. Previously, at the age of six years, he was apprenticed to a farmer name. I 
Shubal Dunham, of Genesee County, with whom he stayed three years. In 180'J 
he returned to his home in Batavia, and for tlie three successive years labored on 
tiie farm during spring and harvest, and attended the scliools referred to during the 
winter. From 1814 to the date of his coming to Michigan, he assisted as clerk in a 
hotel, then kept by his step-father, Thomas Ashley. In 1820, as stated in the pio- 
neer record, he came to Mt. Clemens, and entered on that active life which has 
marked his residence here. In 1833 he moved to his original farm in Clinton and 
Sterling. He erected a house in each township ; that in Clinton lie sold about 1870 
to J. & F. Pries, and holds the present residence in Sterling. In 1841 he took an 



nv 




C. G. CADY. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



active part in local politics, was elected Supervisor, and re-elected in 1845. In the 
latter year he was elected Representative to the Legislature, was declared 
elected by the R. B., and took his seat. A full reference is made to this election in 
the Political Chapter. In 1849 he was re-elected, and entered the Legislature of 
1850-'l, being the second session held at Lansing. While Supervisor, he held 
the office of Justice of Peace for Clinton from 1841 to 1849. He was also elected 
Justice of Peace for Sterling in 1856 ; but on account of delay on the part of the 
town clerk in making returns, did not qualify. He was elected County Drain Com- 
missioner, and filled the duties of that peculiar office for six years without difficulty 
and in a manner satisfactory to the Supervisor's Board. 

Mr. Cady married Miss Catharine Gerty of Harrison Township in 1829, as given 
in the marriage record. This lady died Aug. 27, 1865, aged 52 years. He married 
Miss Mary J. Royce Oct. 22, 1867. 

Previous to 1826 he became a member of the Macomb County militia, under 
Gen. Stockton. He was paymaster of the command, ranked as major, and dis- 
charged at muster out of regiment in 1829. His militar}' outfit alone was present 
during the Toledo war, as he loaned it to Gen. Stockton. On the organization of 
the Pioneer Society in 1881, Mr. Cady was elected first President. He was mem- 
ber of the Convention which nominated Alpheus Felch for governor, vice John 
Barry ; also of State Convention in 1880 from'Macomb senatorial district, as well 
as of several County Conventions. Mr. Cady was an old Jackson Democrat up to 
1854, when he joined the Republican party, and has proved a faithful earnest mem- 
ber of that party up to the present time. As a pioneer of Mt. Clemens, and an old 
resident of the county, full references are made to him in the histories of the 
county and city. To-day he is the senior living settler of Macomb County, and 
gives promise of being able to make the same proud statement at the beginning of 
the next century. 

WM. A. BURT. 

William Austin Burt was born at Worcester, Mass., June 13, 1792. He was 
the son of Alvin and Wealthy Burt, natives of Massachusetts, whose parents ar- 
rived in the American colonies in 1740. The grandparents, as well as parents, 
followed a seafaring life, and so their days were passed beside the Atlantic, until the 
western fever urged them away from the sea coast to seek a western home. Imme- 
diately after the birth of W. A. Burt, his family moved into Montgomery County, 
N. Y., where they remained eleven years, or until 1803. Montgomery County was 
then on the borders of civilization, so it is not surprising to learn that the youth of 
eleven summers was minus books, schools, and almost everything known in the old 
settlements. 

After the burning of Buffalo, December 30, 1813, a call was made for volun- 
i6 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



teers ; young Burt enrolled his name as a member of the New York militia (60 days 
men). With this command he moved into Canada. In 181-4 he served a second 
term with a three months' regiment. In the fall of that year lie formed a partner- 
ship with his father-in-law, Mr. Cole, as merchants. The partners did not succeed 
in business, so that W. A. Burt returned to the carpenter's bench, and in com- 
pany with John Allen, afterwards a settler of Bruce, engaged in mill-building. 
He entered upon his western journey at the outlet of ChautauquaLake, August 13, 
1817. On the 24th he .reached Pittsburg; St. Louis, Mo., Sept. 19, and Detroit 
Oct. 26, 1817. He returned to his eastern home ; but came again to Michigan in 
1822. On his return journey he made the hazardous venture of traveling 200 miles 
through the wilderness. At Detroit he had a true friend in Gen. Cass. Soon after 
be visited Oakland County, where he built a saw mill for Webster at Auburn. 
Here he was soon joined by John Allen, his brother-in-law. Before the mill was 
completed Webster died (being the first death in Oakland), yet Burt and Allen 
fulfilled their contract. After this those friends built a mill at Waterford. While 
engaged here, Burt visited Fletcher's survey party, and subsequently explored the 
country as far as the Moxie Settlement, now Romeo. In 1823 he purchased a tract 
of land in Washington township, and returned in the fall to Erie County, New 
York, from which locality he brought his family hither in the spring of 1824. Dur- 
ing the succeeding summer he erected the Taylor and Millard mills on Lower Stony 
Creek, and built a log house for himself on his land near that point. In 1825 he 
completed the Upper Stony Creek mill, or the Hersey mill, by placing in it a run of 
stone. That mill is now in operation, just over the line in Oakland County. Many 
other mills were built by Burt and Allen previous to 1826, including the concern 
for Alpheus Wadhams within six miles of Port Huron. 

W. A. Burt was elected a member of the Territorial Legislature in the fall of 
1826. In 1828 he built the Dexter mills, referred to in the History of Washtenmv. 
During this time he discussed with Samuel Dexter the question of the utility 
of the masonic order. He was the originator of a masonic society at Stony Creek, 
being the third lodge formed in the Territory of Michigan. 

In 1831 he was elected County Surveyor, was appointed Associate Judge, 
April 24, 1833, and United States District Surveyor, November 23, 1833. He 
engaged in building the mills at the ancient village of Frederick, in 1833; but so 
soon as his appointment was made, he gave up the labor of a carpenter and mill- 
builder. His duties as United States Surveyor took him westward to the Missis- 
sippi. He ran the township lines where the city of Milwaukee now stands. He 
was appointed a Commissioner of Internal Improvement, April 3, 1838, and made 
the survey of the railroad to Saginaw. Pveviously he was the first surveyor of the 
old strap railroad from Detroit to Ypsilanti. 



fe* 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



He possessed some inventive genius, and produced an instrument by which he 
conveyed his thoughts to paper in printed form. He constructed a surveying instru- 
ment different from anything hitherto known. He cast aside the Polar Star, and 
made the Sun his objective point. The result of his nursing and inquiries was the 
Solar Compass, invented by him and made in the shop of W. J. Young, of Phil- 
adelphia. In the survey of the Northern Peninsula this compass was found to be 
a sine qua non. On September 19, 1844, Mr. Burt discovered iron ore at the jjlace 
now known as the Jackson iron mine. On the drowning of Dr. Houghton, Decem- 
ber 13, 1845, Mr. Burt and others were called upon to complete as far as possible 
the reports. In the summer of 1851 he visited Europe. In 1855 he wrote a treatise 
on the Solar Cornpass. 

He was engaged in the construction of the Equatorial Sextant, at Detroit, in 
1858, when death summoned him away from his work, August 18, 1858. Mrs. 
Burt died a few years later, and both sleep in the cemetery of Mount Vernon. 
Regarding this settler it may be truly said, that he was one of this world's true 
noblemen. Honest, sincere, intellectual, he recommended himself to every one, 
winning the esteem of all with whom he associated. 

Mr. Burt's children are : John, Alvin, Austin, Wells, and William. Alvin 
Burt died in Wisconsin some years ago ; John, Austin and Wells reside at Detroit, 
William makes his home at Marquette. All these men are pioneers of the iron dis- 
tricts of the Peninsula, all are survej'ors, and to their desire to make a thorough 
exploi-ation of the Lake Superior country, the development of that portion of the 
Peninsula is mainly due. The labors of the survey were entered upon by Wm. A. 
Burt, in 1844. 

THE SETTLEMENT OF THE DARLINGS. 

In the year 1823, Sylvester Darling and' George Wilson with their families 
arrived at Detroit. There they secured the services of three sailors — owners of a 
canoe — who started to guide them on a voyage via Lake St. Clair to Mt. Clemens. 
One small sail was all the propelling power the small craft had at command. All 
went well until near their destination. It was nearly night, and they were very 
anxious to land before darkness set in ; but they were not to be so favored ; for 
when within a little more than an hour's sail from their port, an angry squall over- 
took them and they were driven helplessly before it. Like a feather their sail was 
torn from the mast, the men caught it before it was carried overboard, and refas- 
tened it to the mast with a clothes' line and held the bottom with their hands — no 
easy task in the face of a November gale. All through the hours of that memorable 
night the men took turns in holding the sail, for there were no oars aboard the frail 
craft. The women and the little children cowered in one end of the boat under 
the slight protection of an old awning, but the driving rain soon penetrated their 



^rr 



HISTORY OF JIACOMB COUNTY. 



place of refuge, and they were in a pitiful condition indeed. Who can picture the 
despair that overtook them : impenetrable darkness surrounded them, and they 
were driving on to an unknown fate. One of the sailors overcome by fear, crouched 
in the bottom of the boat, refusing to save himself or his fellow voyagers. The 
angry waves boiled and hissed round them, lashed into fury by the fierce storm. 
They knew not in what direction they were going, only that they were being 
driven away from the point they wished to gain. Thus the long night passed, and 
day began to dawn. The shore was close at hand, but tlie waves were breaking 
upon it with such fury they could not dare to land. There they cast anchor, ex- 
pecting every moment the waves to engulf them ; but toward night the waters 
calmed sufficiently for them to land. No signs of habitation could be seen ; they 
were apparently on the border of the Canadian wilderness. There they built a 
fire, dried their wet clothing, and cooked a little provisions for a much required 
meal. A brush-hut was next built to offer shelter to them from the cold winds 
which still continued to blow. On the afternoon of the next day they dared ven- 
ture out on the waters ; but after two hours battle with the winds, they weie forced 
backward to the wild shore where tlie previous night was passed. Here the party 
remained four days until the storm subsided, wlien they made an attempt to go 
forward on their journey. This time the voyage was successful, and it is believed 
no travelers were ever more joyful than were those who escaped all the dangers of 
that tempestuous voyage from Detroit to Mt. Clemens. 

After two days passed at Mount Clemens, the party proceeded to Shelby. Not 
having any houses built, they entered an old log hut on the Wilcox Place, there to 
wait until some better building could be erected. It was a wretched place, small, 
and open to the weather on all sides, and, to use Mrs. Darling's own expression. 
You might throw a dog through the roof anywhere. In this hut a little child 
was born — a Darling, while Mrs. Wilson eared for her own babe not yet two months 
old. Here the Wilson and Darling families remained for six weeks, and just as one 
of Michigan's fiercest winters was upon them they moved into snug log houses on 
their own lands, Mr. Wilson's land lying three-fourths of a mile south of Wash- 
ington, and Mr. Darling's one mile farther to the south. Of the heads of these 
families, Mrs. Darling alone is left, and the children who encountered the perils of 
that voyage with their parents are old gray-headed people. 

CORBYN REMINISCENCES. 

S. H. Corbyn, a pioneer of Armada and Richmond Townships, writing to the 
Secretary' of the Pioneer Society of Macomb, in December, 1881, from his home at 
Plainwell, Mich., states: Alfred Goodell and I came from Detroit together. Leav- 
ing him in Detroit, his eldest son and myself pushed ahead, and reached our destina- 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tion a day or two ahead of him. The first cabin we built was on his side of the 
road. After this I built one for m3'self, and also framed a small barn, which was 
subsequently sold to Elijah Burke. Mr. Corbyn recites many of the events men- 
tioned in the Goodell reminiscences. He refers to the diiScnlty of tracing survey 
lines at this time. " When I was looking to locate my land," he says, " I started 
at the northwest corner of Section 36, and tried to trace the line to where the 
village of Armada now is. I could find the line as far as the timber went; but 
before I had gone a mile it opened into brush land and open plains. Having nothing 
but a po6ket compass to guide me, I could not find the section corners south of that 
place, nor the quarter stake, where the village now is, and gave it up, not dreaming 
of the possibilities of the future — never thinking of what that sea of brush might 
be converted into. At that time I was not such an adept at tracing lines as I after- 
wards became; for, for years, I accompanied land-lookers, traced lines, pointed out 
section corners nearl}^ all over the town of Richmond and in Columbus Township, 
gave them their numbers, which numbers they secreted in their pockets until they 
could reach the Detroit Land Office. Land hunters at that time were jealous, or 
rather suspicious of each other ; and so each made an effort to reach the office first, 
lest his competitor might outwit him in purchasing. 

CARTER REMINISCENCES. 

Nathaniel Carter left Massachusetts for Michigan, August 24, 1831. At the 
close of the third week of the journey he found his friend Holman located in the 
wilderness four miles northeast of Romeo. His reminiscences of settlement portray 
many of the scenes of the olden time, and are on that .account valuable. He says : 
At this time the east half of Armada and what is now Richmond belonged to Saint 
Clair County. There were only two families in the east half of Armada, viz., 
Leonard Lee and Alfred Goodell. The highways were yet in the future, their 
pliice being- represented by sled paths among the trees. The first thing to be done 
was to select a farm, so we started northward through the brush and open land to 
the old fort, which was a circular bank or ridge eight or ten feet high from the 
bottom of the exterior ditch. The walls enclosed about an acre of Ian* , with an 
opening toward the North Brauch. Near by were the bones of a very large race 
of people. There was an old oak tree about eighteen inches in diameter growing 
on the top of this fort. From this point we started for the southeast to find Hol- 
man's brother, Levi Holman's location. He showed us through the woods, which 
were then covered with trees so large as to make the Yankees feel a little discour- 
aged. We found a small stream called Coon Creek, running through Section 31, 
Richmond, near Leonard Lee's and Levi Holman's farms. We selected two eighty- 
acre lots on Section 34, paid $200, and received in due time President Jackson's 



V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



deed. Romeo theu contained one frame and three log houses, and a small one- 
story frame store, built on the corner of Main and Saint Clair Streets, by N. T. 
Taylor. The land between the Curtiss farm and the village was nearly all taken 
up, and much of it was occupied. The ague attacked one member of the family 
and created some surprise. Ebenezer Brooks and wife came next. 

A short time after settlement a man was heard shouting in the wilderness, Mr. 
Curtiss went forth with his rifle. The hooting continued until the lost man saw 
his rescuer advancing. So overpowered with joy was he that he could scarcely 
express himself. He started the morning previous to come from the road north to 
the Hoxie trail ; but got lost. He had a good pocket compass, yet he strayed 
away, became lost, and at the moment he was discovered was twenty-four hours 
without food. This man's name was Truesdell Nickols. 

A sudden turn of affairs urged Carter to enter the market. There he made 
application for a Stewart, and sealed the contract so strongly that it is good yet. 
After furnishing his log-house, he began to think about building a saw-mill. There 
was but one neai-er than Stoney Creek, and that was Noah Webster's. His was the 
next built in order of time. Since that time he sawed timber for twelve saw-mills 
and three grist mills, all erected within a radius of three-one-half miles of the 
Carter farm, all run by water power, and the greater number of them gone out of 
use. In 1832-3, the season of alternate rain and frost, the grain crops were 
destroyed. The settlers endured many privations, some were reduced almost to 
starvation. Flour was 'f 16 per barrel, and pork, #30. 

Asa Holman organized the first Sunday School in the Town of Armada, 
within a log-house on the corner of his farm. John Proctor and Job Howell built 
the first frame houses in the township ; Norman Perry and N. Carter soon fol- 
lowed the example, and the era of frame buildings was introduced. 

DANIEL W. day's REMINISCENCES. 

In April, 1827, my father, Erastus Day, started from the town of Lima, Liv- 
ingston County, in the State of New York, with teams and went to Pittsford in 
the same county, where, in company with Capt. Gad Chamberlain and some 
four other families, they chartered a canal-boiit on the Erie Canal, which had been 
finished about two years, to Buffalo. 

It being early in the season, no boats had as yet left for Detroit, but two 
steamers were lying at the wharf anxious for lading, and as there were five or six 
families of us, with household goods, etc., the masters of the vessels were vei'y 
anxious and began to bid for the load, when the master of the Steamer Superior, 
Capt. Sherman, proposed to take us to Detroit gratis if we would go with him ; so, 
as a matter of course, we all piled on, and after a stormy passage (all that were on 



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HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



board being sick except the crew, my father, and Capt. Chamberlain) we arrived 
at Detroit. We stayed there until Sunday morning, Capt. Chamberlain in the 
meantime having purchased some two or three yoke of oxen and father two cows 
with tlieir calves, which he bought for twenty-five dollars. On Sunda}' morning 
quite a debate arose as to whether we should lay over until Monday, or start at 
once, Capt. Chamberlin being opposed to traveling on the Sabbath, (which was 
right,) but other counsels prevailed, and about ten o'clock, (he oxen having been 
hitched up, we launched out upon that great sea of mud and water toward Royal 
Oak, being kept partially out of the mud by a railroad with the rails all laid cross- 
wise, and oh ! what a road was there, my countrymen ! It was almost impossible 
to keep right side up and out of the mud and water. Between Detroit and Royal 
Oak we stopped at a place called Mother Handsome's, whose real name was 
Chapin, where we had dinner. The next place, after passing Royal Oak, was then 
called Hamilton's, afterward Piety Hill, and now Birmingham. It was then com- 
posed of one log house, which was the tavern. At that time there was no road 
direct from Royal Oak to Rochester, consequently we were obliged to go by Ham- 
ilton's, where we stayed Sunday night, if memory serves me right, and the next 
day brought up at Horatio Nye's, in the township of Bruce, Macomb County. 
That day, my father, myself, and Levi, the youngest brother, traveled on ahead of 
the teams, and missing our way, went to where Romeo now stands, then called 
Indian village, Gideon Gates, post-master. I think there were at that time, four 
log houses within the bounds of Romeo as it now is. As is related above, we stopped 
at Nye's, about two miles west of Romeo, where we stayed a few days and then 
moved into a log shanty about twelve by fourteen, and covered with oak shakes, 
where we lived, or rather stayed, some six or eight weeks and planted a crop of 
corn and potatoes. In the meantime, father had purchased eighty acres of timber 
land about two miles northeast of Romeo, and on the fifth day of July, 1827, we 
went to the new farm to prepare logs for a house, which was raised in a few days 
with becoming ceremonies, and after covering it with elm bark, la3dng a part of a 
floor of hewn bass-wood logs, and cutting out the logs, and leaving the holes for 
doors and windows, we quietly moved into it without any fire-place or chimney 
except a hole in the roof for the smoke to escape through. I recollect of mother 
telling one morning that she saw some large animal jump out through the hole left 
for a window during the night. Hardly a night passed but we could hear wolves 
howling in different directions. I remember at one time of hearing them howl 
about eighty or one hundred rods from the house. Very soon the hogs put in an 
appearance at the house minus two very fine pigs which were never seen afterward. 
At another time, as two of my brothers started from home, they encountered two 
bears in close proximity to the hog-pen wherein were five or six fine porkers. On 



3 



Tis:' 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



another occasion, while all hands were engaged in chopping, we heard a hog set up 
a terrible squeak, when we all started for the scene of battle, where we found a 
long-legged brown bear leading a hog off by the nape of the neck, and as there was 
not a rifle in the company, bruin made good his escape after having bitten Mr. 
Porker so badly that he afterward died. While living at home and going to school, 
a little incident occurred that might be worth relating. Whilst wandering about 
in the woods one Saturday, I discovered a large basswood log partially rotted away, 
in the hollow of which I thought wolves slept. I went and borrowed a trap and 
set it, but it was not a success, as they went in all directions except in the trap. 
One very cold morning I went to my trap, and not finding anj-thing in it, I turned 
about and went directly home, and as I stepped into the door I heard them howl, 
and going back found that they were not over ten rods behind me, as I saw the 
tracks of two of them as they turned from the road into the woods and left on sus- 
picion. As to religious matters, the first sermon I heard in Romeo was by the Rev. 
Abel Warren, of sainted memory, who moved into that part of the country in 1824. 
He preached in warm weather in Albert Finch's barn on the farm now known as 
the Ewell farm. This was in the spring of 1827. Rev. Isaac Ruggles was the 
first Congregational minister that ever preached in Romeo, which was in 1829. 
In the spring of 1828, all the people turned out, and that was not a great many, 
and hewed the timber, gave lumber and shingles, and built a frame school-house 
on land owned by Asahel Bailey, which answered the purpose of school-house and 
church. The first school was taught by Gideon Gates, and Alanson Fincli, who 
was supposed afterward to have been carried off by the Indians, went to scliool. 
He was missed at night, and many of the neighbors searched in the woods all night 
and tiie next day. It was estimated that some four or five hundred men were 
scouring the woods far and near, but no trace of him was found, and it was with- 
out doubt the means of bringing the old people in sorrow to the grave. 

REMINISCENCES OF JOHN D. HOLLAND. 

Referring to the emigration of the Holland family from New York, May 20, 
1829, John D. Holland writes : We started from the town of Mendon, 
in the county of Monroe, State of New York (had prayers in the 
morning offered by Brother Schuyler, a connection of Gen. Schuyler of 
Albany), we pursued our journey to or near Batavia, where we stayed 
the first night, and that night it was frosty and cold, the morning following, 
I tliink the ground was a little frozen. Pursued our course to Buffalo got on board 
a small schooner called the Dread of Huron, John Haskins captain. Came to San- 
dusky City in about three days from Buffalo, staid there some three or four days, 
found tliere an old man by the name of Rogers, who was taken prisoner of war in 



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fe^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the Revolution with my father, out of the sloop Randolph, a sloop of sixteen guus, 
about the year 1780. The old men appeared glad to see each other. My father 
and myself got on board a small boat and came to Detroit in about two days I should 
judge. 

Detroit was then small, the old Fort Hull surrendered was then garrisoned by 
United States soldiers. Maj. Jonathan Kearsley and John Biddle then acted as land 
agents, or they gave duplicates to the applicants at the United States Land OflBce. 
Staid near Detroit a number of days. Came to Washington to look laud about the 
20th of June, went to Detroit and received a duplicate for the east half of the 
north-east quarter of section twenty-two in that town, about the 26th or 7th of 
June, 1823, and at tluit time there was in Washington Barna Miller, Joseph Miller, 
Elon Andrus,. Lazarus Green, Zebulum Hayden and Aaron Stone, and pei'haps 
Solomon Wales with families ; liivewise Freeborn Heley and Jol> Hoxie with families. 
Milton Nye's familj^ absent, Ezra B. Throop, Alvin Nye, Marcus Nye, Daniel Smith, 
young men, and Alexander Tackles a widower, these were the only inhabitants 
then living in the township of Washington. Romeo was then called Indian Village. 
Asahel Bailey and Chauncy Bailey with families then lived in Bruce, and Michael 
Tromley, they were the only inhabitants in Bruce, except Indians, unless Shartkey, 
(Chartier), then lived near Tromley. 

What a change do I see to-day, I can see from my window three good churches, 
an academy, a village containing perhaps 2,000 inhabitants, but alas, reflection tells 
me that almost all the former inhabitants have passed through the gates of death, 
and are with us no more. Freeborn Hel'ey was the first white man who died in 
Washington that we have any knowledge of, he died in August, 1825. But who 
can count the number that has fallen in Washington since that day. 

Elias Pattee came and preached in Washington about the last of August 1823, 
a class was formed in Washington of six members, viz: John D. Holland leader, 
Elon Andrews, Nancy Andrews, Polly Greene, Aurilla Miller and Laura Miller. 
James Thornington was tlie first settler in Washington, he came into the town, as 
near as can be ascertained in the month of February 1819, ami settled on the farm 
now owned and occupied by George Wilson. The first physician that settled in 
Washington was Lyman T. Jenny, then came Dr. Dennis Cooley, a constant pliysi- 
cian many years. The first frame barn was built by Zebulum Hayden in the spring 
of 1824, the first frame house was built by Edward Arnold in the fall of 1825. The 
first school was kept by Dr. Lyman T. Jenny. The first township meeting was held 
near John D. Holland's in April 1827, the first Supervisor was John S. Axford, the 
first Township Clerk was John D. Holland. The great rain Iiappened the 18th and 
19th of June, 1825. The first saw mill was built by John Proctor, the first grist 
mill built by Wilks L. Stuart and Edwin Wilcox. The first merchant, and perhaps 



-\' 



200 HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 

the first founder of the merchants' establishment or business in Romeo, was Nathan 
Terry Taylor. The first religious meeting was held in a log shanty owned and oc- 
cupied by Albert Finch, very near the house Hall Ewell now lives in, in June 1824. 
The first Postoffice established in tlie village of Romeo, I think about the autumn 
of 1825, was called Indian Village Postoffice, Gideon Gates was Post-master. Who 
acted as Post-master in the township of Washington, I am not sure but think it was 
Otis Lamb, office established not far from the time it was established in Indian Vil- 
lage. 

The townships of Washington and Bruce were joined as one township for 
several years. The first saw mill built in Bruce was that liy Leander Tromley, 
some time before the mill erected by John Proctor. The first blacksmith in Wash- 
ington was John Bennett. The first white child born in Bruce was a daughter of 
Cliauncy Bailey. There was an Indian tribe living near Lakeville, Macomps was 
their chief. Gen.- John Stockton came to Mt. Clemens at an early day, and I presume 
can give as much information relative to former times as any one in Macomb County. 

SKETCHES OF EARLY SETTLEMENT IN SHELBY, BY L. D. OWEN. 

When I was a lad, between nine and ten years of age, my father, Abijah 
Owen, then living in the State of New York, Genessee Co., conceived the idea of 
emigrating to the West. Some of his townsmen, among whom were Calvin Davis, 
Elon and Russel Andrus, Joseph and Daniel Miller, Elder Abel Warren, and some 
others, had gone a year or two previous. From the very flattering accounts 
received from them as to the natural advantages to be enjoyed in this new country, 
he resolved to move thither, and sold what little property he had in that country. 
In the latter part of the month of June, 1825, he started with his family of five 
children and their mother for the far-famed territory of Michigan. At this time 
no such thing as a railroad had been projected, neither had there any canals been 
brought into use ; for be it known Clinton's big ditch, or the Erie Canal, was not 
completed till September of that year. Then, of coui-se, our only mode of trans- 
portation from starting point to Buffalo, was by lumber wagon. At Buffalo we 
embarked on board the only steamboat then on Lake Erie, and the second one 
that had ever navigated its waters, the " Superior." After a passage of five days, 
calling at all the intermediate ports, we landed on terra firma at Detroit. I well 
remember how fine was the weather. Not a ripple disturbed the placid blue waters 
of that noble lake. 

Immediately on landing, we fell in with a teamster by the name of Jack Hamlin, 
whose business it was to transport immigrants into this country. A turnpike had 
then been constructed, commencing at the river bank, and running for a distance 
of four miles in a northerly direction, which, subsequent^, was completed by the 



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iK. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



United States as a militaiy road to Saginaw Ray. When leaving this four-mile 
turnpike, we entered upon a single wagon track, meandering through brush, seek- 
ing the most eligible ground, and guided Ijy blazed trees through forests. After 
two days' weary journey, we arrived at our destined haven at the house of uncle 
Calvin Davis, in the township of Shelby. Then it was that pioneer life began to 
dawn upon us. The first step was to locate an eighty acre lot of land, and no 
delay was necessary in making a selection, there being a vacant lot adjoining my 
uncle's. No objection could be entertained to securing a neighbor no more than 
half a mile distant, in a wilderness country. The lialf mile to my uncle's I 
thought quite too far to go for fire, when often in the summer time ours had gone 
out during the night. Lucifer matches in those days were not dreamed of ; some 
people had a tinder box with flint and steel from which they could start a fire. As 
soon as my father had secured his land, wheat harvest being then ready, he thought 
it more important to secure some of the needful, than to commence the erection of 
a domicile, and his first labor was performed for one, Judge Thurston, in the 
western part of Washington Township ; raking and binding at six shillings per 
day ; but from the paucity of the wheat fields here then, harvest time was of short 
duration, so he soon commenced the building of a log house. I remember hearing 
him say, after paying for his land, he had but seven dollars in money left, so by 
the time he had procured the necessary whisky to carry on his raising, doubtless, 
that was gone. Could buildings be raised in those days without whisky ? One 
might just as well undertake to bury a corpse without digging a grave. It was 
quite apparent now that no time should be lost in preparing a family shelter, as an 
emergency of a domestic character was known to exist, that, except with nomadic 
tribes, called for more tlian ordinary care, so not many days elapsed before logs 
were got together and shakes rove out of oak for a roof, and from some source he 
obtained some second-hand lumber, of various widtlis and thickness, for an upper 
and under floor. Soon we were ushered into our new domocile, and in a few days 
my mother gave birth to another child, Martha B., now Mrs. Cox, of Franklin, 
Oakland Co. The first year we lived without a cow — T can remember often diet- 
ing on roast potatoes and salt — but the next summer my father vrent down to 
his uncle Raskin's, living a few miles from Mt. Clemens, and brought home a cow, 
saying his uncle gave her to him. Then we children felt gleeful and happy — no 
more potatoes and salt ; we could luxuriate not only on potatoes and milk, but 
liread and milk also. Prosperity often is of short duration, for when we had had 
Old Bob a year or so, there suddenly appeared without previous notice, two young 
men with orders to drive away the cow. Some of the younger children cried to 
see Old Boh driven away. She merited that sobriquet from her semi-caudal 
appendage, which I suppose some ferocious canine had made a little too free with. 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Now a spell came over our dreams, potatoes and salt haunted our minds. Not only 
that, but we were strongly suspected of being fatherless, for he was among the 
missing also. While he was gone mother wanted to make some cucumber pickles, 
and whisky was about the only ingredient then used for that purpose, so I was 
sent to Mr. Burlingham's still for some of the critter, hnt when Burlingham learned 
tliat father was gone, and we did not know where, I could not get the whisky, 
although two shillings jjer gallon was all it was worth. I don't remember now of 
ever seeing two shillings in money up to that time. But the darkest hour is said 
to be just before day; so in the course of six weeks my father returned, driving 
with him two good cows, which he had paid for with his labor, on the farm owned 
by Gen. Cass, whose tenant was father's cousin. 

I tell you we boys threw up our hats then though I am not sure we had any. 
Yes, I do remember of making one for myself about that time out of straw ; but if 
I remember right it was a rude specimen. The farm above alluded to is now about 
one-half the city of Detroit, unless the city extends far beyond it in a westerly 
direction. I, however, know that it was a large farm, for the next summer, after 
father got the cows, I was permitted to go there to play with the cousins and 
remain three weeks, riding the ponies after the cows every night. Three weeks 
had passed, so one Sunday niorning I shouldered my pack, about twenty pounds 
of dried peas, beside other traps, and started afoot and alone for home. The four- 
mile turnpike alluded to, was traversed, after which was brush and timber almost 
the entire distance of thirty miles, but I made port and had considerable ambition 
left. I should hate to undertake that walk now in a day. I was twelve or thirteen 
years old at this time. If my memory serves me there was but one brick building 
in tlie city at that time and that, it seems to me, was only one and a half stories 
high. There stands a dwelling now on Jefferson avenue, not far from Woodward, 
that was there then. The first team we had in this country was grown from calves 
dropped the same spring of our arrival, hence my father had no facilities for work- 
ing his land, though yearly he would endeavor to get two or three acres broke, 
either by making a bee or changing work, with some of the neighbors ; those 
calves were bought of Elder Warren in the fall after they were a year old and my 
brother and I broke them that winter, and snailed up the most of our fire wood 
at this time. I made the 3'oke and bows, putting in a wooden staple of bent hick- 
ory, with a crotched limb forming a hook for the staple, and a short piece of chain 
at the rear end. I would hitch to a small draft and drag it to the house. I can 
remember taking motlier two and a half miles to meeting with those steers attached 
to an ox sled, over a trail covered only with about an inch of snow. My brother 
and I done j^retty much the entire work done at home for the first four or fire 



;%* 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



years ; while father worked out by the clay. We split mostly all the rails that was 
used during that time, and also laid them into fences. 

Judging from recollection as to the length of time we had been in this country 
I should say it was in the spring of 1826 or '27, that our neighborhood became rife 
with rumors that a boy was lost in the northern part of the county. I well re- 
member that, when we were all at Town meeting about the first of April, there 
came a courier, heralding the sad news that Mr. Finch's boy, in the Hoxie settle- 
ment, was lost, and that the father desired help to look him up. My father started 
the next day, and I suppose all the neighbors did also start to search for the miss- 
ing one. If I remember aright he was gone about a week ; but they did not find 
the boy, and he never was found either dead or alive, and the grievance of the 
heart-stricken parents bore so heavily upon them, that their natures soon gave way, 
and both went down to an untimely grave, mourning the loss of their boy. 

Now the time occurred that I first saw Romeo, tlien the Hoxie Settlement; so 
when we had lived here long enough to have raised a little corn, a corn basket was 
needed, and none was known to be made nearer to us tiian the Hoxie settlement, 
so my brother and I, respectively ten and twelve years old, started for Romeo on 
foot, and procured a basket of one old Mr. Washburn. A frame house, I remember, 
was then being erected just behind a little oak tree, by one John B. HoUister, then 
our County Surveyor, and that same little oak tree is now standing in front of Mrs. 
Nelly Gray's residence. 

I remember that when we got started for home the elements portended a 
thunder shower. We had been taught that to be in the woods at such a time was 
very dangerous. Soon we were overtaken by Esq. Lester, of Utica, on horseback, 
and to keep up with him was our aim ; therefore when his horse trotted, we trotted; 
but occasionally his horse would walk and then we could recuperate our wind. 
We heard him tell some one on the way that those were the smartest boys he ever 
saw, as they kept up with his}horse all the way. In due time we reached home in 
safety. 

The advantages for schooling in the neighborhood where we lived were poorer 
than in some other. The fourth town was then comparatively a thickly settled 
neigliborhood, for within a mile from each other tliere were Geo. Hanscom, Geo. 
Willson, Dan'l and Jas. Miller, Elon Andrews, John Bennett, — Burlingham, Otis 
Lamb, and perhaps some others. When I would visit their school, I found the pu- 
pils much farther advanced in the rudimental branches than with us. Immediately 
after our arrival here, I commenced going one and a half miles to school, but with- 
in a month I was attacked with the ague and lay prostrate with it all that winter. 
A portion of one winter I remember going two and a half miles to a male teacher, 
Ellas Scott. It was then I began to learn to write, and I think I wrote one or two 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



love letters to a girl who was some years older than I was, who is now Mrs. Alvah 
Arnold. The last winter I remained at home, we had a school only one and a fourth 
miles away, taught by Miss Laura Hopkins, sister of the late Cyrus Hopkins, the 
veteran bell ringer of Romeo. This was in the winter of 1830-31, but my duties 
at home never alloweti me to attend school very regular. 

In June, 1831, I left home and engaged as clerk to P. & G. Leech, of Utica, 
who had recently come in and bought the mill property there, and also inaugurated 
a store. The following winter I attended a three months' school, taught by one P. 
B. Thurston, who subsequently became Judge of Probate for the County, and held 
the office a great number of years. He was counted a very worthy man and an 
efficient County officer. One little incident I will make mention of as occurring 
with some of my earliest experience after leaving liome, to show the fortitude that 
may be cherished, and is far more often displayed in a new country than an older 
one, and is probably engendered by the rudeness of a pioneer life. Early the fol- 
lowing spring I was sent by my employers to Mt. Clemens to collect a small 
account; when arriving at the North Branch I found that the bridge had been 
swept away, but a man with a canoe was there to ferry me across. I was directed 
to put the saddle in the canoe, and swim the horse ahead of us, and so save us the 
labor of paddling. The halter or bridle was too short to allow the horse to get be- 
yond the reach of the canoe, hence he was much frightened at the frequent contact 
with it it. The stream having extended far beyond its natural banks covered a flat 
of more shallow water. At this point the horse struck bottom, and made such 
powerful strides as to drag me from the canoe through the shallows to dry land. 
Now why did I not let go '/ Because I feared the horse would give me the slip 
and be a greater hardship to recover him than to be drawn through the water, so I 
stuck to him and went on, made the collection in silver coin — about twenty-five 
dollars, and that weight of specie in my pantaloon pockets while on horseback, ap- 
peared to be a far greater annoyance than tlie wet clothes." 

Mr. Owen paid a brilliant tribute to the deceased Abel Warren, and concluded 
his paper with a very apt reference to the pioneers of Macomb. 

The following poetical comparison of the Past and the Present was written by 
J. E. Day, in 1874. It is a very faithful review, and must be of special interest in 
connection with this chapter : 



In days gone by our dames and sires, 

Free from that pride which wealth inspires, 

With zeal which coming days will bless. 

Performed their toils in home-spun dress. 

The rustle of a sill<en gown, 

Was to their ears an unknown sound, 



Save when some rare occasion fell 

As funeral or marriage bell. 

The rich brocade — the soft cashmere — 

The glistening-flush the velvet dear, 

Were things of which they heard at times, 

By gossip brought from foreign climes. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



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The matron's costume, clean and bright, 
Was home-spun linen, blue and white, 
Whose scanty folds were held in place, 
By linen string about the waist, . 
Whose tidy pleats were kept in check 
By linen kerchief at the neck. 
Her feet were shod with heavy shoes, 
Made less for beauty than for use, 
Her bonnet, too, it may be said — 
Was on and not behind her head. 

His pants were tow and woolen mix't, 

In colors which her skill had fix't ; 

And made with all the house-wife's care, 

Not for adornment but to wear. 

His frock was made of heavy tow ; 

Came to the knees, or just below. 

Supplying place of coat or vest. 

Like charity, concealed the rest. 

Uncouth in gait, or form, or looks. 

Untaught was he, in lore of books ; 

Unskilled was he, in ways to please ; 

Untaught in all the arts of ease ; 

Yet he was wise in all his toil, 

He knew the secrets of the soil ; 

He knew where best to plant his corn. 

He could presage the coming storm ; 

He knew where wild fruits grew the best ; 

He knew where wild birds built their nest ; 

And large his heart — the poor confes't. 

The kindly feeling of the breast. 

Yet we confess they had their pride, 
Though leaving much to virtue's side ; 
'Twas his the glitt'ring ax to wield. 
Or daily plow the willing field. 
And many a rood of fertile land 
Confessed the power of his hand. 
And while he daily swung the ax. 
Her pride was in her field of flax ; 
And in her bright, well scoured room, 
And in her spinning-wheel and loom, 
And in her knots of woolen yarn. 
Ready to make the new or darn. 
For hung in festoons 'round the room, 
Where trophies of her wheel and loom. 
And still was heard, for days to come. 
The spinning-wheel's familiar hum. 
And as her sturdy urchins grew, 
' Twas all the music that they knew. 



' Tis well remembered sound to me, 
'Tis music of utility. 

The houses which they lived in, too, 

No rules of architecture knew, 

The unhewn trunks of trees supplied. 

Material to form its sides. 

Laid up each other's ends across. 

And chinked between, with mud and moss. 

On these were poles, set up to take, 

A roof composed of " shanty shake." 

Two doors it had, a front and rear, 

A window on each side appears, 

And in one end — the other graced, 

A huge, old-fashioned. " fire-place," 

Whose fervent heat had often told. 

Expulsion to the winter's cold. 

And whose reflected, cheerful light. 

Oft changed to day the winter's night. 

What fun to sit on winter days, 
Before that open fire-place. 
And see within the embers glow. 
Intricate fancies come and go. 
Or hear the crackling fagots sing 
The music of the Fire King, 
What feasts we children used to share, 
Acorns and chestnuts, wasted there. 
Or when more sumptuous feasts invite. 
The dancing pop-corn brown and white. 
How oft I've thought with childish joy. 
When I should cease to be a boy. 
When I should reach maturer life 
And mingle in its joys and strife. 
That time has come, and taught the boy. 
Anticipation has the greater joy. 

The hearth was stones, large, smooth and flat. 

And in the corner lay a mat. 

On which, before the blazing log, 

Reposed the drowsy hunting dog. 

And in the corner used to stand 

The bake-kettle, and frying-pan. . 

The chimney-flue (for want of bricks) 

Was made of plastered mud, and sticks, 

The floor was made of bass-wood slabs. 

Split out and laid with ax and adze. 

The only jack-plane that it knew 

Was friction of the heel and toe. 

The only carpet at command 

Was daily made of soap and sand. 



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256 HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 


The door was large, and wide, and hung 


Which under our fond mother's care. 


On wooden hinges, creaked as it swung, 


Weekly were enacted there. 


Which we small youngsters hail'd as great 


We knew when came the grand array 


And vainly tried to imitate. 


For Tuesday was the baking day. 


No plated knob, no shining latch, 


Long years have come, and swiftly passed. 


Was there the eye to catch, 


Since Tuesday's fare was tasted last. 


But if you would admittance beg 


And we may eat of viands rare. 


The handle was a hickory peg. 


And sumptuous entertainments share. 


Hard by a string of wild deer's hide. 


Partake of all that warms or cheers. 


The place of thumb-piece well supplied; 


May live to see an hundred years. 


Not always there as you might see. 


Yet ne'er will taste such pies, or cake. 


It filled the place of lock and key. 


As that old oven used to bake. 


For safety it was just the thing. 
You'd only to pull in the string. 


Within that arch we'd often look. 
And think, how in the holy book, 


Outside, a few steps from the door. 
With the bass-wood branches arched o'er, 
Where pig-weeds grew so tall and grand. 
The old brick oven used to stand. 
Upborn on rugged pillars three. 
In rude uncultured masonry. 
And underneath we used to keep 
Our treasures rare, in many a heap. 


We sometimes heard our father read. 
How three jasl men of holy deed. 
Were cast into an oven hot. 
And yet the flames had harmed them not. 
We wondered much, yet failed to see 
I low such strange story true could be. 
.\nd comforting each other, said. 
That we were glad that king was dead. 


It oft has been my childish care. 


Oh, childhood ' fraught with joy and pain. 


The needed oven-wood to prepare. 


Thy years will never come again ; 


Four honest armfuls, fine and dry. 


The joys of youth no more we see, 


E'er I could taste of cake or pie. 


Save in the light of memory. 


Our mother then would place these sticks 


Yet let us keep, as best we may. 


Within the solid arch of bricks. 


These visions of the by-gone day. 


In order so the flames might crawl. 


And think how in the times far back 


With easy access through them all. 


We've wandered from the narrow track. 


And having fired gave no concern 


The path our infant feet have trod, 


But let the crackling contents burn. 


Forgetful of our father.s' God. 


Just twenty minutes by the clock. 


Let's find once more the hopes, the fears. 


The fire was out, the oven hot. 


And fervency of early years. 


And, having scraped the ashes thin. 


And mingle with life's sterner truth 


The pastry ready to go in. 


The "everlasting flowers" of youth. 


Each loaf with skillful care was laid 
Upon the fire-shovel's blade, 
And with a firm and steady hand, 
In farthest corner made to stand. 
The loaves were placed in first of all 
And ranged against the outer wall. 
And then within this outside ring, 
In order ranged the smaller things, 
The walls threw out their ready heat 
The baking process was complete. 


Between the oven and the road. 
Beside the path the well-curb stood. 
On tip-toe raised, we used to peep 
Into the dark mysterious deep. 
And think how one poor foolish elf. 
Not long before, had drowned herself. 
Above the curb, the "sweep" was swung, 
On which a cedar pole was hung. 
With skill contrived, a strap and nail 
Arranged to take the oaken pail. 


Sweet mem'ries hover round my heart, 


On further end a block of wood. 


Of mysteries in the baking art. 


To keep the even balance good. 




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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 257 


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What joy 'twould be to-night to share 


Could suit our varied wants so well. 






The very best of liquor there. 


Or form a play-house with such skill. 
Such places in its holes to creep, 






Beside the well, on either hand, 


Such chance to play at hide and seek, 






Large branching elm trees used to stand ; 


Such room our many games to play. 






And from the lowest, largest limb 


Or jump upon the springing hay. 






With ropes and bark we made a swine;. 


We knew of every place where best 






And there, on days when out of school, 


The cunning hen could hide her nest ; 






And when the sultry sun grew cool, 


What joyous shout and sparkling eyes. 






Such joyous pastimes oft we had 


When her shrill voice proclaims the prize. 






As makes the heart of childhood glad. 


With hasty step and merry din 






Yet, sometimes, ere the play was done, 


We took the glistening treasures in. 






Would sadly pause to think of one 








Whose tired feet had left the way 


Down on a corner of the street. 






In which we trod, one Summer day 


Where four right-angled highways meet. 






Had gone to find the thither shore 


A few steps distant from the road, 






Where childish griefs could come no more. 


The little, old, log school-house stood ; 






And roam at will the happy fields 


Where, in the days long since gone by. 






Which unmolested pleasure yields. 


We youngsters used to meet and try 
To con our various lessons o'er. 






Not dead to us, we thought that when 


The foretaste of a world of lore. 






Some days had passed, he'd come again ; 


The walls were low and washed with white, 






And sometimes in the heat of game 


Four wide, low windows gave it light 






We would forget and speak his name ; 


No " patent stove " the building graced. 






And then, in hushed and solemn way. 


But a large, wide, stone-built fire-place. 






Would sit us down, forgetting play. 


Whose fervent glow and steady heat 






And every day his merry plays, 
His golden hair, his gentle ways. 


Toasted our lieads and froze our feet. 






Long desks along the walls were fixed ; 






His ringing laugh, the clothes he wore. 


No passage-ways were seen betwixt. 






Came back upon us o'er and o'er. 


The seats, pine slabs, with iron-wood pegs, 






Oh, Mem'ry ! Never weary with the past, 


Which answered in the place of legs. 






Thy joys be mine while time shall last ; 


While "beating up" the lesson's track 






And when time's latest course has run. 


We to the teacher turned our back. 






Thy deathless life has only just begun. 


At recitation, or when school was out. 
We'd only just to face about. 






Back from the house, not many rods. 


The />Dys could easy make the change. 






Were barn and sheds, built up of logs. 


But for the gir/s 'twas passing strange. 






Whose ample floor and well-filled bay 


The little urchins seated there 






We thought were just the place for play. 


Seemed high upborne into the air. 






On one side were the stalls, where stood 


From which their small feet dangled o'er 






The meek eyed cattle, fat and good ; 


In vain desire to reach the floor. 






The other was the ample bay, 








Well-filled with nicely-salted hay. 


I mind me well how fared the school 






A row of boxes placed above, 


■ When under certain schoolma'am's rule. 






Sheltered a flock of rattling doves ; 


How oft for switches we would go. 






And outside, underneath the eaves. 


How oft the chalk-mark forced to toe, 






Were swallows' nests of mud and leaves. 


How oft the open palm extend 
And feel the walnut "rule" descend. 






Not all the arts which poets sing. 


And yet, what varied fun we took 


. 


Not all the lore which ages bring, 
17 


When she was busy with her book ; 


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358 HISTORY OF IIACOMB COUNTY. 


What skillful pictures we would make, 


Alas for some, their forms are laid 


Or draw her profile on the slate. 


Beneath the churchyard's willow shade, 


With awful look and peaked nose, 


Their footsteps now are heard no more 


And hand upraised, as if for blows ; 


Along Time's rocky sounding shore ; 


And sometimes, so engaged were we 


They've gone before to pluck at will 


In this rare sport, we failed to see 


The flowers that bloom on Zion's hill. 


That the sharp schoolma'am's restless eyes 


Some hasted at the country's need. 


Had seen, and marked it for her prize. 


With willing heart and loyal speed, 


It pleased her worst of all, we knew. 


To help maintain the nation's laws, 


Because they sometimes were so true. 


Or perish in the righteous cause. 




All honor to the " boys in blue," 
Who faced the breach for me and you ; 


Well, I am glad that in tho.se days 


My feet were turned to learning's ways; 


The dear remembrance of the brave, 


Those early tasks, I plainly see, 




Lives like the pine above their grave. 


Were worth a world of wealth to me, 




Green be the grass and sweet the flowers, 


Because they proved this precept true 


That wave above these friends of ours. 


How little of the world I knew. 




And gave a quenchless thirst for more 
Than shallow draught of learning's lore. 


And soft the sighing winds that surge 


Above their graves at Fredricksburg. 


Some plow in learning's classic soil. 


And made my wakening soul aspire 


Some feel the sweat of farmer's toil. 


To something better still, and higher. 






Some drive a country doctor's cart. 


That old log schoolhouse, rough and tried, 


Some drive a lawyer's plastic art. 


The place of meeting-house supplied. 


All hail ! whatever be your share 


Where weekly gathered, old and young. 


In life, of labor or of care. 


With sober face and silent tongue, 


Fresh courage take and ne'er forget 


To hear the thrilling story told, 


That we are near each other yet. 


Which, oft repeated, grows not old. 


And as we gladly journey on. 


Forever new because divine, 


Be this our purpose bright and strong. 


Of Christ, the Prince of David's line. 


That when life's days and nights are passed. 


These little temples here and there. 


We all may meet at home at last. 


Along our public thoroughfares, 




Are hot-beds, where the feeble plant 


Now all is changed, no more we hear 
The sturdy stroke of pioneer. 


Of learning gets its earliest start. 


'Neath education's morning sun 






No more we see on morning breeze 

His blue smoke curling through the trees. 

No more in hazel brush is heard. 


The budding process is begun. 


Till in its stretch of higher growth. 


It reaches to sublimer truth. 






The shrill notes of the forest bird. 


Throws out the bud, the flower, the seed, 






Gone from the hut are dame and sire. 


Of holy thought, of noble deed. 


Quenched on the hearth their cheerful fire ; 


The mind of childhood can not be 




Gone is the cabin and the wood, 


A long continued vacancy, 


Gone are the elms from where they stood. 


There is no waste or barren soil 




Gone is the nicely sanded room. 


Within the garden of the soul ; 


Gone is the spinning wheel and loom ; 
Sweet be their rest, since closed the strife. 


For if we fail to sow the seeds, 


Of virtuous thought and manly deeds. 


They heroes were in humble life. 


The wildest flowers will bloom within 


And wealth has brought in place of these 


Of bitterness, and woe and sin. 


The ways of luxury and ease. 




Where are they now ? those girls and boys 


The thirst for fame, the love of self. 


Who shared with me life's morning joys. 


The power of pride, the greed of pelf. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



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O'ershadow worth, and gain control 
O'er nobler feelings of the soul. 
And thus we mourn that coming days, 
Drive out the old simplicity of ways. 
We wish not for the hut again, 
Nor share of backwood's toil and pain ; 



Yet much we wish that all might live, 
Those simple rules which wisdom gives. 
Might see true worth more surely great, 
Than all the flimsy pride of State, 
And then how surely should we be 
A race of true nobility. 



CHAPTER XV. 

PIONEER REMINISCENCES. 

The character of the pioneers of Macomb, falls properly within the range of 
history. They lived in a region of exuberant fertility, where nature had scattered 
her blessings with a generous hand. The winding Riviere Aux Hurons, the beauti- 
ful forests, the fertile oak openings, the hard but happy labors of the husbandman 
and his family, and the bright hopes which burned, combined to impress a distinct 
character, to bestow a spirit of enterprise, a joyousness of hope and an independence 
of feeling. Tlie community formed an admixture of many nations, characters, 
languages, conditions, and opinions. All the various Christian Gods had their 
worshippers. Pride and jealousy gave way to the natural yearnings of the human 
heart for society ; prejudices disappeai'ed, they met half way and embraced ; and the 
society thus gradually organized became liberal, enlarged, unprejudiced, and natur- 
ally more affectionate, than a commune of people all similar in birth and character. 

In the following pages these facts will appear more manifest. The tales of the 
olden time point out that time as one, where solidarity of intei'csts marked the 
character of the people, and leave little doubt that the ideal of good will to man 
ruled in their hearts. 

PIONEER MOTHERS. 

What shall we say of the true woman — the pioneer woman of this country ? 
Ah ! the Past, with its lights and shadows, its failures and its successes, its joys and 
its privations, is well remembered by the surviving pioneer, and happily in many 
instances by his children. Many a pioneer of the townships of this county has 
already gone to his rest on the hill, that gave to those, near and dear to him, a first 
outlook upon the pioneer life that was to come, — a life destined to develop these 
forces of the head and heart, forces, which, in the luxury and ease of an older civi- 
lization, rarely appear upon the surface of society. 

It was not always the dark side of the facies which was turned toward the 
pioneer, for though many of the immigrants were rough, and in many instances un- 
godly ; yet manhood and womanhood were here in all their strength and beauty, 



^r^ 



J^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



and nowhere in the world of created intelligence did God's last, best gift to man, 
more clearly assume the character of a helpmate, than in the log cabin, and amid the 
rough and trying scenes, incidental to a home in the wilderness. Ever foremost in 
the work of civilization and progress, the pioneer woman — the true woman — was 
to-day physician, to-morrow nurse, and the following day teacher of the primitive 
school. Withal the woman was busily engaged in that wearisome round of house- 
hold work which knows no cessation. Early and late, all the year round, the 
pioneer woman acted her part well. From year to year, as through many privations 
and much new and strange experience of that necessity, which is the mother of in- 
vention, wife and husband joined hand to hand to work out under the green arches 
of tlie wilderness the true beginnings of Macomb County. To the pioneer mothers 
of Macomb honor belongs. The many who are gone to their rest left a memory to 
honor — treat the living mothers well and tenderly. 

THE FIRST HOMES OP THE PEOPLE. 

How natural to turn our eyes and thoughts back to the log cabin days, and con- 
trast them with the homes of the present time. Before us stands the old log cabin: 
Let us enter. Instinctively the head is uncovered in token of reverence to this 
relic of ancestral beginnings and early struggles. To the left is the deep, wide fire- 
place, in whose commodious space a group of children may sit by the fire, and up 
through the chimney you may count the stars ; while giiostly stories of witches and 
giants, and still more thrilling stories of Indians and wild beasts are whisperingly 
told, and shudderingly heard. On the great crane hang the old tea-kettle and the 
great iron pot. The huge shovel and tongs stand sentinel in either corner ; while 
the great andirons patiently wait for the huge back log. Over the fire-place hangs 
the trusty rifle ; on the right side of the hearth stands the spinning wheel ; while 
in the farther end of the room is the loom looming up with a dignity peculiarly its 
own. Strings of drying apples and poles of drying pum])kins are overhead. Oppo- 
site the door by which you enter stands a huge deal table ; by its side the dresser, 
with pewter plates and shining delf catching and reflecting the fire-place flame, as 
shields of armies do the sunshine. From the corner of its shelves coyly peep out 
the relics of former china. In a curtained corner, and hid from casual sight, we 
find the mother's bed ; and under it the trundle-bed, while near them a ladder indi- 
cates a garret where the older children sleep. To the left of the fire-place, and in 
the corner opposite, the spinning wheel forms the mother's work-stand; upon it lies 
the Holy Bible, evidently much used — its family record telling of parents and friends 
a long way off, and telling too of children 

"Scattered like roses in bloom 
Some at tlie bridal, and some in the tomb." 



'^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Her spectacles as if just used are inserted between the leaves of her Bible, and tell 
of her purpose to return to its comforts when cares permit and duty is done. A 
stool, a bench, well notched, and whittled, and carved, and a few chairs complete 
the furniture of the room ; all these articles stand on a coarse, but well scoured floor. 
Let us for a moment watch the city visitors to this humble cabin. The city bride, 
innocent, thoughtless, and ignorant of labor and care, asks her city-bred husband : 
" Pray what savage has set this up?" Honestly confessing his ignorance, he replies, 
"I do not know." Then see the couple on whom age sets, fiostly but kindly. 
First as they enter, they give a rapid glance about the cabin home, and then a mu- 
tual glance of eye to eye. Why do tears start and fill their eyes ? Why do lips 
quiver ? There are many who know why ; but who, that has not learned in the 
school of experience the full meaning of all these symbols of trials and privations, of 
loneliness and danger, can comprehend the story they tell to tlie pioneer? Within 
this chinked and mud-daubed caljin, we read the first pages of our history, and as 
we retire through its low doorway, and note the heavy battened door with its wooden 
hinges, and its welcoming latch-string, is it strange that the outside scenes would 
seem to be but a dream. The cabin and the palace standing side by side in vivid 
contrast, tell the story of the people's progress — they are history and prophecy 
in one. 

THE KEG OF GOLD. 

He looked for gold in the streets, and found none! He searched the alleys of the 
city for silver and found not a groat! Thus it was with those who searched for 
a Ke(i of Grold, near wliere now is the railroad bridge, in olden as well as modern 
times. It is related, that about the years 1810-1.3, the paymaster of the British 
garrisons along the lakes, left Detroit, en route to the Indian villages, then in the 
vicinity of Mount Clemens, to distribute the price of American scalps among the 
tribes. The old trail was by the river ford in the immediate vicinity of the pres- 
ent railroad bridge and the Morass House. The river was swollen at the time, so 
that it was necessary to requisition a canoe for the transfer of the officer and his 
golden charge to the left bank of the river. This resulted in the capsizing of the 
birchen craft, in the drowning of the officer, and the loss of the l:eg of gold. Of 
course a search was at once instituted for this token of wealth ; but the searchers 
are said to have failed to find it. In more recent years a quantity of metal, said 
to be lead of a peculiarly hard quality, was found ; which would lead one to sup- 
pose that the real paymaster stayed at Detroit, clothed some unfortunate private in 
an officer's uniform, and dispatched him on a trial trip, with this keg of little value, 
just to learn what would be his own fate were he to venture into the wilderness with 
the golden treasure. He learned it, aud it is said that British blood-money was 
ever afterwards paid at Maiden. 



262 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



TBHE RECLUSE OF THE MARSH. 

It is well known that north and west of the light-house, above the ruins of the 
ancient city of Belvidere, stretches a vast muskeg, bordering on the lake, and fringed 
all round with a deep and lovely forest. This marsh is the home of the wild-duck, 
the musk-rat, and the wild-goose during the winter and spring seasons, and of the 
rice-feeding black-bii'd during the summer. It seems like the last of places, man 
would select for a dwelling place its flat and uninviting landscape wearying the eye 
with its monotony evei-y season; while, in winter the freezing breeze of the ice 
encumbered lake comes sweeping across it with an Arctic breath that makes the 
bones ache, and the human frame tremble. In such a place the relies of a shanty 
could be seen — the timbers covered with earth and mould, and the broken or pul- 
verized clay-mortar of the chimne}' or fire-place scattered round. Here, it is related, 
dwelt the recluse of the marsh, a solemn, solitary man, whose life seemed centred 
in one single thought, even as it was passed in that solitary wilderness. What a 
tale might be told of his reasons for this mode of life ; what sad or romantic disap- 
pointments that sickened him of life's pleasures ! Whatever his story may have 
been, all that remains is a little mound of earth, raised by the action of time and 
the decay of vegetable mould over the hearth, where the sad man brooded away so 
many years of his life. The name of the solitary man — the recluse of the marsh, 
was Tuckar. 

A mother-in-law's JOURNEY TO THE HURON. 

In the fall of 1827 Judge Bunce's wife's mother advised his departure from her 
home in the Empire State for Detroit, en route to the Huron. The Judge met the 
old lady at Detroit, and there hired a Frenchman to take them to the mouth of the 
Huron in his cart. At the latter point he hired another Frenchman to take them 
in his canoe via the Snibora channel to Mons. Chortier's dwelling. This canoe 
navigator said he knew the route well, yet he missed the Snibora and was com- 
pletely at sea. The sky became overcast, wind and wave arose, they began to ship 
water, the guide became bewildered, and the Judge told him to give up the paddle 
and the stern of the canoe. He refused, saying, "/ spaddlemy own canoe." The 
Judge repeated his order to give up the paddle, take his hat, and pour out the 
water. The Frenchman ultimately complied, the Judge took the paddle, and after 
a desperate struggle with the storm, beached the frail bark. They were saved. 

DETROIT TO MT. CLEMENS. 

In the spring of 1819, while in Detroit, Judge Bunce hired a man by the name 
of Jackman, and started on horseback for his St. Clair home. The lake was nearly 
free of ice but some remained in the bogs. At the mouth of Clinton River he 
made inquiries as to the soundness of the ice across the bay to Salt River, and was 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



told that an Indian had just come down on the ice, and he hired hira to go back 
with them as their pilot. They found the ice firm enough to within half a mile of 
the shore, when looking back they saw their Indian in full run for the Clinton 
River. This admonished them that something was wrong or the Indian would not 
have deserted without his pay. They soon found that the field of ice which they 
were on had loosened itself from the shore and was floating out into the lake. The 
Judge sounded the depth of the water with his rifle and found it three feet ; then 
jumping his horse into the water mounted him, taking Jackman on behind, and af- 
ter fording about a quarter of a mile, reached the shore in safety. Found a French- 
man cutting wood for a man in Mt. Clemens, and stayed with him over night. He 
gave them corn soup for supper and breakfast. When asked in the morning what 
his soup was made of, he said he had shot a wild goose a few days before, and with 
the entrails had made this soup. They were in the same predicament with the 
man who, in swallowing a raw egg, heard the chicken peep, and exclaimed, "one 
minute too late." 

In the year 1818, Judge Bunce had occasion to visit Mt. Clemens from Detroit 
twice. Once he met a large, white-faced bear, but the bear did not molest the 
Judge, nor the Judge the bear. 

PORTUTSTATE HUNTERS. 

In the early days of our county, pests in the form of beasts of prey abounded, 
a source of annoyance and vexation to the settlers. For the destruction of such 
pests bounty was offered by the State, county, and still farther by some of the 
townships. These combined bounties, in the case of wolves, made the sum large 
enough to call forth skill and energy in the hunting craft. Over fifty years ago 
Colatinus Day, an old settler of Bruce, set a trap with the intent of catching a fox. 
On looking for the trap next morning he saw that a wolf had been entrapped and 
carried it off. He pursued the animal's trail over the snow. He was joined by 
Jesse Bishop, Lyman Bishop, another neighbor, and the latter's dog. About three 
miles'north of Bishop's house, while passing a tamarack swamp, a bear with two 
cubs appeared. As she passed them, Mr. Day, who had a gun, fired without even 
taking aim, and hit the animal, and as the dogs sprang upon her at that moment, 
she was captured with the cubs. The hunters divested Mrs. Bruin of her furs, 
and wrapping up the little ones in the skin, sought a neighbor's house for dinner. 
There they left the cubs. Returning to the trail, they followed it about two miles 
farther, when they discovered that the wolf with the trap had entered a hollow 
bass-wood tree, and made her home far away up in the trunk. The men could not 
reach up to her location, the dog could not pull her out ; at length one of the men 
cut a sapling with a hook upon it. With this instrument he entered the tree, and 



f 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



creeping upwards hooked the trap. This done he called upon his comrades to pull; 
they in turn tugged at the first hunter's feet, and together they succeeded in draw- 
ing forth the trap. There was nothing to do until one of the party procured an axe. 
Then a hole was cut in the log — but they must not kill her there, as they were in 
Berlin Township, St. Clair County, in neither of which was a bounty offered. By 
good management the hunters captured the wolf alive, when they bound her head 
with bark thongs, tied her to a pole and started for Macomb County, town of Bruce, 
but she would not lead. They tried to drag her, but that was too hard work. They 
tied her feet together and took turns in carrying her to the house where they left 
the bear skin. Here they found a team going south near the line of Bruce. After 
reaching this township the wolf died ; the men proceeded home with the two skins 
and the cubs. One of the cubs crawled into the fire that night and was burned to 
death ; the other lived to mature bearhood, and died of too much zeal in wrestling 
— an old man brained him with a poker, because he persisted in his favorite amuse- 
ment before the old man had dressed himself. The hunt resulted in bringing them 
•fl6, together with the fun. 

DEEB HUNTING. 

In early times, a hunter of Macomb County set out one day on a deer-hunting 
expedition, accompanied by a large dog, which had not been trained for the chase. 
In order to check the animal's impetuosity after game, he tied a cord to the dog's 
neck, fastening the other end round his own waist, so that in his tour of the woods the 
dog would quietly follow. As they were passing through a clearing, a bear sprang 
from behind a log and offered fight. The dog, frightened almost to death, started on 
retreat, dragging the hunter after him. The bear followed them, and in a battle 
between the bear and dog the old man was deprived of his hunting clothes. 
During the struggle Mr. Warner contrived to unloose the rope, when the dog 
departed, leaving his master to continue the battle with the bear. Bruin observing 
the dog in his flight, left the hunter and pursued the dog. The dog beheld his 
pursuer and redoubled his pace, with the result of reaching the homestead just in 
time to escape the anger of the bear. The hunter made a detour, and reached 
home satisfied that his battle with the bear would have proved his last, had not the 
dog attracted the animal. 

Harrington's coon hunting. 

About the year 1840 Alfred Harrington went forth coon hunting. Having 
reached the coon habitation he had no difficulty in finding an object for his aim. 
He fired at a coon, but the charge had scarcely gone on its message, when he dis- 
covered his dog making sundry cowardly demonstrations. Looking forward, he 
beheld a bear rushing on the dog, which useful animal took up a position between 



l^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the hunter's feet. The bear came on, however, when Harrington clubbed the gun, 
and entered the arena with Bruin. The hunter was evidently succeeding in the 
contest, when the bear considered it better to retreat. This retreat he carried out 
in a most precise manner, though the hunter pursued him for over sixty rods. 

BUNCE AND O'KEEFE. 

Counsellor O'Keefe and Judge Bunce were returning from Mount Clemens in 
the spring of 1826, when, near where New Baltimore now stands, they were over- 
taken by a blinding snow storm. It was near sundown, and they could neither see 
land nor prairie. They steered for Swan Creek, hoping to reach the wigwam of 
Shommenegoblin before night, but unfortunately brought up at the open water, in 
the nortli c.iannel, far out in the lake. They followed up the channel, and when 
yet a half-mile from the shore, broke through the ice in three feet of water. The 
horse and judge succeeded in climbing on to the ice, but O'Keefe was so benumbed 
with cold that lie remained in the train. After one more little break thej' came to 
the mud, and wallowed through that several rods before tliey found solid ice on the 
prairie. They reached old Capt. Pierre's at two o'clock in the morning, thoroughly 
wet and weary. Capt. Pierre then lived two miles below Mons. Chortier, and 
chose that location whenever he came from Canada for the purpose of fishing. 

Parker's bear experiences. 

Wliile dining at the old homestead with his family, a terrible complaint was 
lieard to arise from the habitants of the l\og-pen. Each member of the family ran 
to the rescue, each armed with a club. On arriving at the pen, they found that 
a huge bear had seized on one of the liogs, and was in the act of carrying him off 
when the Parkers attacked the bear in turn, and forced him to relinquish his pre}^ 
They did not succeed in capturing him, however ; but for years after the event tlie 
hog, whose rescue was so timeljs never ventured to lift her nose from the ground. 

DR. GLEESON AND THE REPTILE. 

Among the early physicians of the county was Dr. Gleeson, a man of large 
practice in the northern districts of Macomb, and one very favorably known to the 
people. In those early days the physician seldom or never appeared on a vehicle, his 
usual means of travel being a horse, which just knew enough to proceed cautiously 
along the trails of the land. That horse was too thickskinned to understand what 
a Michigan rattlesnake or Massassauga really was, and so he was free to proceed at 
his leisure. The reptiles seemed to know this horse well, and after repeated assaults 
on him gave up the business, determining, as it were, to direct their attacks against 
the medical man. This programme was evidently adopted about the year 18o9, for 
the doctor experienced a few rare adventures during that year. Riding along the 



.t. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



trail to Armada one day he thought that a bush had caught in his stirrup. Stoop- 
ing to extricate himself, he saw a large snake enfanged, and on further examination 
was pleased to learn that the poisonous reptile had only reached the pants at tlie 
heel of tlie boot, and had therefore been unable to inflict the wound which he medi- 
tated. It is unnecessary to state that the doctor directed his efforts so as to insure 
the destruction of one Massassauga of the Michigan tribe. 

DEER HUNTING MADE EASY. 

An incident of pioneer life witnessed by Mrs. Julia Manley when a small child, 
is thus related. In the year following their removal from New York to tlie town- 
ship of Stielby, her father getting up one morning in warm weather opened the door 
before putting on any clothing, and what should he behold but five deer, about 
fifteen or twenty rods distant, one of them a splendid buck. He stepped back, took 
his rifle, and noiselessly passing out, leveled his trusty piece and brought down the 
coveted leader. In order to be sure of his game (the barrel of pork brought witli 
them being all gone) he dropped his gun, called on his helpmate to bring tlie butcher 
knife, and then made all possible speed for his victim. He seized the deer in his 
struggles, and the knife being speedily at hand he at once made surety doubly 
sure. When the blood was sufficiently passed out, they took the animal by the 
horns and hauled the carcass to the house. Not until the little drama was over did 
they stop to think that neither of the trio (the little girl being along and seeing 
the whole affair) had on any article of clothing except the single innermost garment. 

REMINISCENCES OF THE BAILEY SETTLEMENT. 

Owing to the notoriety which the Hoxies won wherever they effected a settle- 
ment, that portion of Macomb, which should be named after the first permanent 
settler was called the Eoxie Settlement. Ashael Bailey had merely made himself a 
home in tlie wilderness, when the Hoxies became his neighbors. A short time had 
elapsed, and other spirits of a kindred character came among them, one of whom was 
a bold and desperate man. One Sunday morning as Ashael Bailey essayed to act the 
nurse for his only little daughter, while Mrs. Bailey was engaged in preparing 
breakfast, the door was suddenly opened, and a stranger entered. This rough 
visitor seemed to be enraged ; he appeared to be a creature of whom violent gesture 
and appalling blasphemy were the constituent parts. Mr. Bailey did not pay any 
attention to the white savage, but on the contrary paid more attention to his little 
girl. This policy he pursued until his visitor became calm. This new terror of 
the settlement stopped as suddenly as he began, and resuming his coat, said, ■' Mr. 
Bailey you are not the man you have been represented to be. I was told if I came 
here and abused you, you would fight me." This said, the stranger walked off. Sub- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



sequently, it transpired that tliis would-lte Hector, Hiram Jennings by name, was here 
with the intention of engaging in counterfeiting. Tlie Hoxies represented this as a 
fine retired place for tiie business, and they said. "There is Ijut one man tliere tliat 
will give us any trouble, and you can frighten him, no doubt." This was done ; 
with what success has been i-elated. Mr. Bailey, when told the purport of that 
strange visit, said he would expose them to Gov. Cass. Jennings was enraged at 
the Hoxies for misrepresenting Mr. Bailey, and exposed the whole plan ; he was a 
bold, desperate man — apparently well educated and physically well developed ; 
his penmansliip was like an impression from engraved jjlate. He remained at this 
place until he wrought, in a measure, his sweet revenge. Providence frustrated 
his most diabolical attempt on Mr. J^tailey's life, through the faithful kindness of 
Freeborn Healey, a good man and an excellent neighbor, living a long mile south, 
who came late one Saturday night to reveal to Bailey the design of Jennings to 
murder him. The plan of the counterfeiter was to lie in wait in the cedar swamp, 
where Bailey had a quantity of rails, which he intended to commence drawing out 
on Monday morning ; as he entered the swamp Jennings would shoot him. Healey 
besought his neighbor Bailey not to go, but he was loth to consent ; at last Mrs. 
Bailej^ said to Healey, " Do not fear, if he goes I shall go," so he went home sat- 
isfied with his mission. Mr. Healey is ever remembered with gratitude for this 
kind act. 

Later, in a very friendly mood, Jennings told Mr. Bailey this : " I watched for 
you to come all that Monday morning, as I laid in wait in yoar cedar swamp, and 
had you come, I should have sliot you dead, and I think," added he, " I am glad 
you did not go." He afterward stole Mr. Bailey's only horse, left the country, and 
everyone drew a breath of relief. 

An incident of an amusing character, certainly of a more social one, is thus 
related : Bailey's eldest daughter, then about three or four years old, was an object 
of interest to an Indian mother. Her little boy, Neianquette, often came with her 
to the Bailey homestead, and one day she, in a most solemn manner, betrothed liim 
to Prudence, and made him give her beads and moccasins. After that he often 
gave her presents. Mrs. Bailey did not like to refuse tliem, fearing the Indians 
would be angry ; yet they watched their child carefully lest the Indians might not 
be as friendly as they seemed, and would carry her off. In time the visits of tiie 
Indian mother and her boy ceased, and they heard nothing more of them. 

Reference has been previously made to the trust the Indians reposed in Mn 
and Mrs. Bailey. In the following incident, related by Mrs. Bailey, the fact is 
portrayed more fully : The chief of the tribe at this time was Macompte ; he came 
to their house one winter's day with a quantity of jerked venison, in packs, asking 
permission to leave it in their care, with especial injunctions not to permit the In- 



\) >y 



A J^ — ^ 

208 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



dians to have it ; if he died before the time to plant corn, his women, who were 
with him, would come for the packs. Bailey showed him where he could place 
the provisions in the upper room of the house. Then Macompte knelt and prayed 
over his venison, making the sign of the cross. They said their farewells, and 
went away. The following spring the squaws came for the venison. Macompte 
was dead. The younger squaw cried bitterly — her grief was most pathetic ; the 
elder only laughed at her ; that laugh was nearly as affecting, but it told its own 
story. 

THE DEER OF PKOVIDENCE. 

During the trying year of the Michigan Narrows, tiie people who settled in the 
northwest part of Armada, suffered in common with the immigrants of that time 
located throiigliout Michigan. Ira Phillips with his family, then resided near the 
Day Homestead in Armada Township. The provisions of the settlers were almost 
consumed before any definite preparations were made to replenish their stores, so 
that many of them were driven to experience most terrible anxieties, if not actual 
want. At length the worst fears of the people were realized. There was notliing 
to feed the many hungry mouths, except that which a small piece of ripening 
wheat on the Taylor farm jjromised. The settlers watched this field become 
golden under the summer sun ; but the necessity of the time prompted them to 
outdo nature herself; and so they cut down the semi-ripened wheat, let it hay in 
swaths, and turning it day after day before the sun, succeeded in drying the grain. 
This much accomplislied the wheat was thrashed, and the grain distributed among 
the waiting neighbors. One of the farmers loaded his wagon with the grist sacks 
of the people, and went forth to the mill at Stoney Creek, via the blazed trail, 
expecting to return on Friday night, or at furthest on Saturday morning. An 
accident, however, set all his plans at nought. Mrs. Ira Phillips, who relates the 
incident, states that the messenger was exjjected to return by Friday night, or 
Saturday morning at the farthest. Friday niglit came, yet no tidings of him was 
heard. All through the following Saturday anxious eyes looked forward along 
the trail ; anxious ears listened for the rumbling noise of the pioneer wagon. Tlie 
last morsel of food was eaten, his arrival alone could dissipate the darkening cloud 
which hung over the people, could avert the horrors of starvation. But yet no 
tidings of him who went to mill were heard. When the sun arose on the Sabbath 
morning, Mrs. Phillips arranged her house as usual, then lapsed into that silent 
mood which precedes despair. She took a seat before the open door, where she 
was soon joined by her two little boys, each clamoring for something to eat. The 
woman wept ; she thought to bury her face in her hands, and thus hide her 
sorrows from the youths, but the trickling tears told their young hearts that 
mother's heart was bowed with anguish, that fears for her little ones were upper- 



,L 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



most in her mind. The occasion was full of instruction ; the boys ceased repining, 
and played, as was their wont under brighter circumstances, but their merry gambols 
appeared rather artful than natural. The parents saw and noted all this, and 
felt doubly sorrowful. At this moment, when the woman's heart beat slowest, she 
summoned courage to look forth into the forest, when to her joy she beheld a deer 
standing quietly opposite the open door. She turned to her husband, saying in a 
subdued tone, " Ira look ! " The man raised his weary V)ody from the chair, took 
down the fowling piece from its place, fired, and the most beautiful of forest 
animals lay dead in his track. This appearance of the deer at that moment, and 
the ease with which the hunter killed him, seemed to partake of some supernatural 
character. Providence directed the proceedings, and loaned a new spirit to the 
pioneer parents and their little ones. Later in the day the messenger returned 
from the mill with the grist ; the darkest hour was with the past, and where 
gaunt famine threatened on the morning of that Sabbath, peace and plenty shed 
their rays in the evening. The story was related to the writer by E. F. Sibley, of 
Armada. 

THE POLITICAL TURN-COAT. 

During the campaign of 1844, James Parker was expected to vote the Free 
Soil ticket in the local elections. He promised James Thurston to vote in accord- 
ance with iiis wishes, wliich were decidedly those of James G Birney, the Presi- 
dential candidate. On the day of election, Parker voted for Henry Clay, contrary 
to the expectations of his friends. On returning to his home that night, one of 
his sons got hold of his coat, turned it completely, and then placed it on the hook 
where the old man was accustomed to liaug it. Next morning the owner put on 
this coat hurriedly, and went to work. After a little time he noticed the change, 
and, asking his family what was the matter, was informed that he came home in 
that style from Romeo the night previous, and that he must have his coat turned 
during the election. The old man saw the point, very j^Iainly. Shortly after this 
a poem appeared on the subject from the pen of Joseph Thurston, each stanza of 
which ended with the telling line, When he got home his coat was turned. 

inwood's bear hunting. 

It is related of Uncle William Inwood, that on one occasion, while traveling 
through the wilderness accompanied by a few neighbors, he roused a bear fi'om her 
lair. The animal had two cubs in charge, and was not at all disposed to seek a 
quarrel with her enemies ; so to Inwood's great relief slie sought refuge in a large 
tree and remained there surveying the new settlers of her old domain, determined 
only to guard her cubs. After a little while this old settler and his friends became 
sufficiently cool to take in the situation. The party was unprovided with a gun ; 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



but to meet this want one of them ran toward his home with the object of procuring 
one. On his way he shouted vociferously, and succeeded in getting out all the lai'ge 
and small boys of the settlement. They left him to look after the gun, and were 
soon at the scene of action. Tiiere they found Mr. Inwood, the bear, and Mr. In- 
wood's comrades. The big boy arrived with the gun. Uncle Inwood took the 
responsibility of charging the destructive weapon ; but in his hurry beat down the 
bullet first, and then learned for the first time that there was no powder. He des- 
patched the big boy for powder ; the messenger was faithful ; the powder was 
brought, a charge was placed in the gun, and everything made ready for an assault 
on the position lield by the bear. Mr. Inwood took deliberate aim, pulled the trig- 
ger; and wondered "why the animal didn't go off." He forgot all about the first 
bullet. However on being reminded of the fact that he had hitherto beaten a 
bullet into the rifle, he cast the piece away as useless, and prepared to i-eturn to his 
home. " Not yet. Uncle Inwood," said one of the boys, " you were saying just 
awhile ago if the powder was not brought quickly you would climb into the tree and 
have a tustle with the bear jjourself." "Now Uncle Inwood," said another, "you 
must carry out your promise. You said if the boy didn't come quickly with the 
powder, you would climb into the tree and knock the bear down." Mr. Inwood 
could not tolerate the taunting of the Washington boys any longer, so he began to 
ascend the tree. In a little while he approached Bruin. The latter growled, just 
allowed Uncle Inwood to see his teeth, and in another little while the gallant 
forester began to descend that tree with lightning rapidity. On reaching firm earth 
he saw the boys make sundry grimaces. " Why," said one of them, "I thought 
you would knuckle down to Bruin." " Ah" responded Uncle Inwood, " I'll go 'ome 
fur my hold jacket first." The boys and neighbors saw the joke, and were so occu- 
pied in attentions to him who was retreating in such good order, that they per- 
mitted Bruin to elope with her cubs unharmed. 

A BEAR IN BRUCE. 

A year after the settlement of the Killam family in Bruce, P. C. Killam was 
engaged on his land near Tremble Mountain, when he saw a large brown bear ap- 
proaching. The farmer called his dogs, and with the assistance of Harvey Reed 
succeeded in treeing the animal. Ira Killam was then sent for the rifle. During 
his absence Bruin seemed to understand the designs of his new neighbors, and made 
an effort to escape, but owing to the steepness of the hill, he was unable to make 
headway against the dogs, and less against the continued stoning to which he was 
subjected by the men. Three times the king of the Michigan wilderness descended 
only to be met by blows and bites, and driven back to his refuge in the tree. The 
rifle was brought forward at length, and the sufferings of Bruin were ended forever. 



4>t 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



NOAH WEBSTER AJSfD THE BEAR. 

In the year 1826 or there about Noah Webster was living at " The Branch " as 
the place since known as "Gray's mill" was called and run a saw mill. Mrs. Web- 
ster one day drove a bear up a tree on the flats near the mill and watched him till 
her husband and some of the neighbors came to her relief. They then built a fire 
about the foot of the tree to keep Bruin from coming down upon them too suddenly. 
Webster had a gun of the flint lock kind and the flint was of no use as it would 
not strike fire. But the gun was produced and loaded, and Mr. Webster aimed it 
at the bear, and when he said "ready " some one touched it off with a fire-brand. 
Four or five shots were thus discharged which severely wounded the game but did 
not bring him down. Then Mr. Webster ran to the clearing, climbed on a stump 
and shouted "A bear!" "A bear!" The neighbors heard and thought he said 
" a fire !" " a fire ! " and that the gun had been firing as an alarm, so tliey ran with 
pails all out of breath to extinguish the flames. Reuben R. Smith came up with 
two pails, and they laughed at him for coming to kill a bear with a pail in each 
hand but he looked long and sharply up the tree and exclaimed " Yes he is up there 
I can see his tail hanging down!" Among the rest who came to put out the fire 
was a hunter who brought along his gun and tlie wounded bear was soon brought 
down and skinned, and his meat went in chunks around the neighborhood for the 
comfort of those who were out of meat. While dressing it they often asked Reuben 
" where that part was which he saw hanging down," to which he had little to say. 
The country was soon cleared up, and bears, wolves and Indians sought the more 
unsettled regions, but this little incident is kept in the memories of those still liv- 
ing who participated in it, as a remembrance of the brave days of old. 

pinch's wolf hunting. 

A hunter named Finch caught a wolf in a trap on what was known as the 
Thurston Fort, and for some reason desired to take him home alive. The wolf was 
extremely quiet and docile, yet he secured his head and jaws with strips of bark, 
winding it over and over again until the animal's head resembled that of a prize 
fighter after a star engagement. He removed the traps, tied the wolf to a small 
pole, and started for the clearing. When he came in sight of the open fields the 
wolf refused to be led in this way ; the bands about his head showed alarming signs 
of inconstancy, and his teeth began to chatter in a most sociable as well as sugges- 
tive way. With his eyes fixed on the wolf and pushing on the pole to keep him at 
a respectable distance, the hunter and his captive went round and round, with the 
pole between them, eying each other very suspiciously. At last the bands gave 
way and the wolf took his leave in the most informal manner. 



-V 



-^ 



HISTORT OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



THE TBAGIC END OP A WOLF. 

Erastus Day, one of the first settlers in the eastern part of Armada, was also 
one of the first to take sheep to that part ; having a few sheep to increase as his 
cleared acres increased. He kept them in a stockade, made of palings, close by the 
barns ; but one night he forgot to enclose them in the yard. That night a wolf se- 
lected three of the best for his own use. Ira Phillips killed this wolf shortly after, 
and with tlie l)Ounty purchased a silk dress for Mrs. Phillips. 

AN ORDERLY RETREAT. 

Luke Fisher, who had settled in the northern part of Bruce, started home 
from Romeo, just at dusk, carrying a piece of meat given by some friend. Think- 
ing he should be waited upon by wolfish company, he halted to cut a stout green 
stick. Before long he heard the well-known whine in his rear, which announced 
the approach of his company, and accelerated his speed. He grasped his stick 
more firmly and sped on. The wolves gained rapidly, and were soon so near that he 
could hear their steps upon the leaves and the gnash of their teeth. Turning upon 
them he would shout and flourish his stick in their faces, thus checking their course, 
and then turn and press on toward home. He increased his speed, held the meat, 
and when he reached his cabin-door they were just at his heels. The wolves of 
this locality were very small and seldom did any damage save in the most cowardly 
manner. A few sheep and now and then a hog would be abducted when it could 
be done in a sneakish way, but the human arm and the human voice kept them in 
a wholesome fear. 

MAKING SUGAR AMONG THE WOLVES. 

William Baker, who moved into the Townsliip of Ray, in 1828, tapped several 
hundred maple trees the following spring, and commenced tlie work of sugar- 
making. There soon followed a remarkable flow of sap, and as no help was at 
hand. Baker, in gathering in the sap by day, and boiling by night, soon became 
exhausted to such an extent, that he declared he could stand it no longer, as he 
could not keep awake, and the sap must go to waste. Mrs. Baker says, " I will go 
and boil one night, and let you sleep." Baker would not consent at first, but at 
last said, " You may go and boil till midnight if you will take James for comj^any." 
James was their son, then five years of age. The woman took the boy and going 
to the maple forest began operations. James soon fell asleep, when Mrs. Baker 
laid him on a blanket beneath a tree and continued the work ; soon after dark the 
wolves began to appear about the boiling-place ; their soft feet could be heard 
pattering upon the leaves ; their eyes shining in the darkness, and the chatter of 
their teeth sounding upon the still night air. The brave woman kept on her work 
of replenishing the fires and keeping a sharp eye, lest the ferocious brutes should 






:±. 



HISTORY OF MAC05IB COUNTY. 



dart in and seize the sleeping child. To avert this she kept the long-handled dip- 
per in the boiling sap, ready to "sprinkle them with a hot shower-bath, if they 
should come too near. This continued for an hour or two when the pack disap- 
peared and came no more. 

THE YELLOW CAT OF RICHMOND. 

Alex. Beebe, of Richmond, was much annoyed, in the olden time, by a num- 
ber of cats, which were accustomed to assemble round his premises. One night he 
determined to annihilate the whole tribe, and, accordingly armed himself with a 
rifle. He crept noiselessly towards the cats' meeting-place, fired, and returned to 
his room with the consolatory information, that he had given the old yellow cat 
" Hail Columbia." Next morning Mrs. Beebe went forth to collect the culinary 
utensils, when to her surprise she found a large hole in the bright brass kettle. 
After a thoughtiul examination, she went into the house, and broached the subject 
to Alexander, when the following dialogue took place : — 

3Irs. B. — Look here. Alec. Look at the brass kettle, with these holes in it ! 

Alec. — How came that kettle all smashed to pieces ? That kettle cost two 
dollars ! 

Mrs. B. — You tell — I don't know nothing about it ! 

Alec. — Where did it sit ? 

Mrs. B. — Out in the yard, not far from the house. 

Alec — (Cutely). — Did you see anything of the okl yellow cat lying there? 

Mrs. B. — No, and I think there has been none lying there. 

Alec. — Then I must have taken that brass kettle for that yellow cat. 

Mrs. B. — Of course you must, and you never in the night knew the difference 
between a yellow cat and a brass kettle. 

In this manner the yellow cat of Richmond escaped. In this quiet, sincere 
style, the old people of Macomb acknowledged their little errors. 

THE BUILDING OP THE SHIP " HARRIET." 

The following account of the first lake boat built at Mount Clemens, which 
was built by Isaac Russ for Christian Clemens in 1820-2, was prepared by Edgar 
Weeks from facts furnished to him by old settlers. Where stands Mr. Golby's 
present residence, stood in those days a log house, and the same remark is true of 
Czizek's residence. On the road or then open lot, between those log houses, the 
stocks were put up and the ship was built. After a considerable time spent in 
building, the boat was ready for the launch, when lo ! it had never suggested itself 
to the minds of the builders that it was a long distance to the river, and that there 
was a precipitous bank at the foot of that street. Nothing daunted, however, 
every man and Indian for miles around, who owned a yoke of oxen or a pony, was 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



summoned to assist at the launch ; long ways were constructed, six yoke of oxen 
and twenty-four horses attached, and the ship moved toward the river. It was 
impossible to launch her at the foot of that street, so around the corner of the 
Flumer store they attempted to go, but alas, the boat slipped off the ways, and was 
almost hopelessly stuck in the sand. But this disaster only nerved the spirits of 
the builders. With fresh vigor they set to work ; all the soft-soap tubs of the vil- 
lage were emptied, and the contents brought into requisition. Again the vessel, 
after prodigies of patience and strength had been exhausted, was placed upon 
her ways; she slipped arouud the corner, the cattle strained and tugged, the men 
cheered, and the Indians looked on with no little awe. The shij) finally reached 
the destined launching place — at tlie foot of Market Street — the last soft soap of 
the village was called into requisition, and the vast hulk glided into the river. 
Instead of righting and swinging to her place, however, her prow was stuck in the 
mud at the bottom of the stream. After a little the vessel was got out, however, 
and with due ceremony was christened the Harriet, in honor of our respected 
townswoman, now Mrs. Harriet Lee. 

This vessel soon afterwards made a trip up the lakes to Mackinac and the Sault 
Saint Marie, whereupon a strange adventure befell her and those on board. 

The ship was freighted with a number of private troops and officers who were 
aware of the tedious trip before them. -We infer from the sequel some one got 
drunk, also extremely careless. At any rate the compass fell overboard and sank 
to the liottom of the lake ! The boat was then some fifty miles up Lake Huron. 
The captain, McPherson, was a good navigator, but did not dare to risk the voyage 
without a compass. After inducing a passing vessel to hang out a liglit for him at 
night and permit him to trail along in its wake, the Harriet was sailed hull down so 
soon and left so far in tiie rear, that the captain announced his intention of coming 
to anchor immediately and going ashore. Spite of protestations this he did. Pro- 
curing a pony of some Indians, he started alone, overland through wood and thicket, 
and came to Detroit, where he obtained another compass. Taking passage in another 
vessel he rejoined his own, still at anchor in Lake Huron, hoxed his compass in the 
nautical and actual sense of the term, weighed anchor, and prosecuted his voyage 
to a successful issue. 

JACOB A. CRAWFORD AND THE SPECULATOR. 

Shortly after this pioneer located his first eighty acres in Ray Township, and 
erected his log house thereon, he received a visit from a land speculator. This 
shark was all business, aud relying upon his own energy was not shy to make 
known to Mr. Crawford his business to this district. He asked the pioneer to 
accompany liim through the lands adjacent, to which the latter consented. He had 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the double object in view of taking the land shark through the lowland or marshes 
on the eighty adjoining his own, so that Mr. Speculator would not covet the little 
property, particularly as it was the settler's desire to acquire it for himself. The 
journey was accomplished, when, to the surprise of Mr. Crawford and his wife, the 
man from Detroit stated that he would purchase all the land in the immediate 
neighborhood including the very acres on which Mr. Crawford had set his thoughts. 
The old settler remonstrated : " Why, Mr. Speculator," said he, "you don't intend 
to buy the next eighty. I want that." 

" Oh, that's all right, Mr. Crawford," said the traveler, " but you must re- 
member the old motto of Uncle Samuel — '■first here, first served.' " This brought a 
cloud to the settler's face for a moment, which gave place to a look of resignation. 
Conversation grew dull, and the speculator signified his desLre to go to rest. After 
the shark retired, Crawford remarked to his wife : " I'll take an hour's rest, and 
then start for Detroit to outwit our visitor." " Why," said the woman, " that 
man has a smart pony, and you have only oxen. If he finds you are gone he will 
overtake and outwit you." " I'll start to-night on foot and reach the Detroit Land 
Office before him," replied the settler. 

This resolution made, he took one hour's sleep, rose quietly, and started on 
foot for Detroit. He proceeded expeditiously until a point south of Mt. Clemens 
was reached, where he sprained his ankle. Unconquered by fatigue and this acci- 
dent, he cut down two saplings which he used as crutches and pushed forward on 
his journey. The next day, while within six miles of Detroit, near a tavern, then 
located on the trail, he saw a horseman coming after him. He knew him to be no 
other than his friend, the speculator. Entering the forest, he allowed his guest of 
the former night to pass, then casting away his crutches he pushed forward to De- 
troit, saw that the horseman was in the tavern, and taking an unfrequented path, 
passed the house unnoticed. The denouement was happy in the extreme. The 
settler reached the Land Office, purchased the much prized eighty, together with 
eighty acres more for his cousin, David Crawford, paid the amount claimed, re- 
ceived his certificate, and was in the act of leaving the office, when the speculator 
entered. After an interchange of salutations, Crawford remarked : " Mr. Specu- 
lator, you remember Uncle Samuel's motto — first here, first served.'' The Detroit 
man remembered it. 

LEISURE HOURS IN PIONEER TIMES. 

Public disputations and random discussions on election days were warmly en- 
gaged in by the older men sometimes till they became quite personal. Among the 
younger ones, feats of physical strength and agility drew the crowds ; com- 
petitive running, wi-estling, jumping, etc., were the order of the day, and the vic- 
tors were held in honor by admiring friends. Such days availed for the transaction 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



of all sorts of business, and superseded the old time fairs of England and our 
trades rooms, gold rooms, Ijoards of trade and chambers of commerce. Buying, 
selling, swapping, and trafficlcing of all sorts were in order. Everybody gave 
heed to the advantages wliieh township gatherings offered. Bent on having a good 
time, the services of good story-tellers were always in requisition, and all sorts of 
merriment found place. The story of Squire Tackles and old John Soules affords 
demonstration of all this. 

It was in the early times when Bruce was yet unnamed and joined with Wash- 
ington, then called the Fourth Town, men were gathered from great distances. 
These two men were there and in their respective districts were noted for their 
inherent aversion to all sorts of physical exertion, a characteristic evident to their 
friends and frankly acknowledged by themselves. At length a mirthful discussion 
sprang up as to which was the lazier of the two. The conflict ended as such 
matters frequently do, in betting. But who should determine? It was finally 
agreed that each should tell his own story, and the one who established himself as 
the lazier man, should have the stakes. By lot it fell to Soules to tell his storj' 
first. He did it, and did it well. It seemed as though no chance remained for 
Tackles. Tiie crowd awaited his effort in breathless silence. Finally he slowly 
drew himself up, in an indolent sitting position, looked languidly and solemnly 
around upon the gazing crowd, then lifted, witii great effort, one foot upon the 
other knee, and finally spoke in a lazy, drawling accent, thus : " I'd rather lose the 
stakes than tell how lazy I am!" and again he lapsed into insensibility, while all the 
witnesses shouted long and loud and voted him the victor. 

NUPTIAL FEASTS IN EARLY TIMES. 

The festivities attendant on the union of two souls in pioneer days, formed 
a great attraction. There was no distinction of classes, and very little of fortune, 
which led to marriages from the first impressions of that queer idea called love. 
The family establishment cost but a little labor — nothing more. The festivities 
generally took place at the house of the bride, and to her was given the privilege 
of selecting the Justice of Peace or clergyman whom she wished to officiate. The 
wedding engaged the attention of the whole neighborhood. Old and young, 
within a radius of many miles, enjoyed an immense time. On the morning of the 
wedding day, the groom and his intimate friends assembled at the housej,of ^his 
fatlier, and after due preparation set out for the home of his girl. This journey 
was sometimes made on horseback, and sometimes on the old time carts of the earl}- 
settlers. It was always a merry tour, made so by the bottle which cheers for a little 
time, and then inebriates. On reaching the house of the bride, the marriage 
ceremony was performed, and then the dinner or supper was served. After this 

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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



meal, the dancing commenced, which was allowed to continue just so long as anyone 
desired to step jauntily about to the music of the disti'ict violinist. The figures of 
the dance were three or four handed reels, or square sets and jigs. So far the 
whole proceedings were, in the language of our modern aesthetic girls, too utterly 
utter. The commencement was always a square four, followed by what pioneers 
called jigging — that is, two of the four would single out for a jig, and their exam- 
ple followed by the remaining couple. The jigs were often characterized by what was 
called the cutting out, that is, when either of the parties became tired of the dance, 
on intimating a desire to retire, his place was supplied by one of the company, 
without interrupting the dance for a moment. In this way the reel was continued 
until the musician himself was exhausted. 

About nine or ten o'clock in the evening, a deputation of young ladies 
abducted the bride, as it were, and placed lier in her little bed. In accomplishing 
this they had usually to ascend a ladder from the kitchen to the upper floor. Here 
in this simple pioneer bridal chamber the young simple-hearted girl was put to bed 
by her enthusiastic friends. This done a deputation of young men escorted the 
groom to the same apartment, and placed him snugly by the side of his bride. 
Meantime the dance continued. If seats were scarce, which was generally the 
case, every young man when not engaged in the dance, was obliged to offer his lap 
as a seat for one of the girls — an offer sure to be accepted. During the night's 
festivities spirits were freely used, but seldom to great excess. Tlie infair was 
held on the following evening, when the same order of exercise was observed. 

EVENING VISITS. 

The evening visits were matters long to be remembered. The chores of the 
day performed, it was common for tlie farmer to yoke his cattle, hitch them . to a 
sleigh, and drive the whole family over the snow covered land to the fireside of 
some well-known friend many miles distant. Perhaps by agreement several 
families met, and then were there such chattering of politics, of live stock affairs, 
of tradings made or prospective, in fact of the past, present and future. 

There were all those interesting matters of household care and labor as held 
the mothers in breathless, but rapid conversation. 

The shying and blushing of the older girls, because some boys, just about as 
hig were there ; the nervous pinching of fingers and pulling of coat tails, told 
plainly that big boys too were ill at ease ; boys and girls were bashful, blushing 
creatures in those olden days. In the back room how the little folks did play blind- 
man's-buff, how they were joined by their seniors, and how the game went on until 
supper was announced at about the hour before midnight. Such setting out of all 
the substantials would be a sight to-day. Then came the sauces of all sorts, the 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



pies and cakes, and cookies, and honey, till all cried enough. Then came the 
counter invitations, the good-bys and leave-takings, after every and all approved 
styles. This performed the guests started for home to enjoy sleepiness and slight 
headaches the next day. Those were good old times. Social life at that day was 
eminently sincere. 

LUMBERING IN EARLY DAYS. 

Life in the lumber woods is, perhaps, the most peculiar feature connected with 
the lumber trade. Although lumbering operations virtually ceased in Macoml) 
County so early as the pioneer times, it is well to revert in these pages, to that 
period in the county's history, when its forests disappeared befoi-e the shanty-man s 
ax, when the very tree which added grace to the wilderness, was sent forward on 
its course of utility. 

The first party of shanty-men usually went out in November. So soon as frost 
set in, the men located a site for their shanty, as nearly as possible, in the center of 
the lot upon which their winter's labors were to be carried on, always taking care 
to select a dry knoll in the immediate vicinity of a spring, lake, or brook. Here 
they constructed a log-house, and cut a road to the nearest stream on which the 
logs were to be floated down. This log-house was sufficiently large to accommo- 
date from ten to twenty men. In the center of this rude dwelling a raised fire- 
place was built, under the apex of the roof, which apex let out the smoke, and let 
in the sunlight and the rain. The work of log-cutting began so soon as the road 
was completed, and the ground hard enough to haul the logs — usually early in 
December — and continued until the ice broke up in spring. The choppers began 
work at dawn of day, and continued until the sun went down, after which the 
hardy foresters sped to their log-house, eat a rude and hearty meal, smoked their 
pipes, played euchre, related stories, and sometimes organized a quadrille party — 
the evening's entertainment continuing until about nine o'clock, when all retired to 
well-earned sleep. Seldom or never was intoxicating drink introduced, as the 
trader was never allowed to bring in whisky, and when smuggled the men had no 
money to pay for it, as their contract was to be paid at the close of their engage- 
ment, the employer supplying food and other necessaries in the interim. The deli- 
cacies of their table consisted of wild game, which the shanty-men themselves might 
kill. The morale of the men was equally as good as that of the average rover; 
they were very far from being saints ; yet they possessed many good qualities, 
which compensated for the want of a few. They were gregarious in their habits ; 
in cutting trees they went in pairs, and few of them were willing to live in separate 
huts or away from the camp. They slept along the sloping side of the log-house 
with their heads toward the walls, and their feet toward the great fire, which was 
kept burning continually. As a rule those sons of the forest dispensed with pray- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ers and preaching, and scarcely were aware of the Sabbath. A few had books, but 
the taste for reading was not by any means general, as their spare time was 
devoted to mending clothes, sharpening axes, with the few amusements already 
referred to. The men were always healthy and full of animal spirit, seldom 
required medical aid, or needed any of the medicine which the employer provided 
in cases of illness. With the growth of the industry the condition of the shanty 
man has much improved. He of to-day is morally superior to him of the past, and 
physically his equal. 

SEASONS OF SICKNESS. 

Among the numerous troubles which the pioneers and old settlers of Macomb 
had to encounter was the common ague, generated by miasms arising from the low 
lands along the shore of the lake, and from the decaying vegetable matter in the 
swales of the interior and along the Reviere aux Hurons. This disease, known also 
as the chills and fever, formed, as it were, a stumbling-block in the way of progress, 
and one of the great arguments presented by the traders against the settlement of 
the district by the American pioneers. The disease was a terror to the people who 
did make a settlement here. In the fall of the year every one was ill — every one 
shook, not hands as now ; but the very soul seemed to tremble under the effects of 
the malady. Respecting neither rich nor poor, it entered summarily into the sys- 
tem of the settlers, and became part and parcel of their existence — all looked pale 
and jrellow as if frost-bitten. It was not literally contagious ; but owing to the 
diffusion of the terrible miasma, it was virtually a most disagreeable, if not dangei"- 
ous, epidemic. The noxious exhalations of the lake shore and inland swamps 
continued to be inhaled or aljsorbed from day to day, until the whole body became 
charged with it as with electricity, and then the shock came. This shock was a 
regular shake — a terrific shake, with a fixed beginning and ending, coming on each 
day or alternate day with an appalling regularity. After the shake came the fever, 
and this last phase of the disease was even more dreaded than the first. It was a 
burning hot fever lasting for hours. When you had the chill you could not become 
warm, and when you had the fever you could not get cool — it was simply a change 
of terrific extremes. 

Tliis disease was despotic in every respect. If a wedding occurred in the 
family circle, it was sure to attack a few, if not all, of those participating in the 
festivities. The funeral processionists shook, as they marched to some sequestered 
spot to bury their dead friend. 

The ague common had no respect for Sunday or holidays. Whether the people 
were engaged in the saci-ed, profane, or ridiculous, ague came forward to the attack, 
and generally succeeded in prostrating its victims. 

After the fever subsided you felt as if you were some months in the Confed- 



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inSTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



erate hotels, known as Andersonville and Libhy prisons, or as if you came within the 
influence of some wandering planet — not killed outright, but so demoralized that 
life seemed a burden. A feeling of languor, stupidity, and soreness took possession 
of the body — the soul herself was sad, and the sufferer was driven to ask himself 
the question : — What did God send me here for, anyway? 

Your back was out of fix, your appetite crazy, your head ached, and your e3'es 
glared. You did not care a straw for yourself or other people, or even for the dogs, 
which looked on you sympathetically. The sun did not shine as it used to, — it 
looked too sickly by half, — and the moon, bless your soul ! — the sufferer never ven- 
tured to look at hira — but rather wished for the dissolution of himself, the sun, 
moon, earth, and stars. 

DEATH OF AL ANSON CHURCH. 

Early in the history of Macomb County a man by the name of Austin Day 
settled in the northwest portion of Armada township, and cleared a farm of 125 
acres of land. He was a man of fair intelligence and steady habits, and for many 
years kept his own " shantee" and had but little intercourse with the neighbors by 
whom he was surrounded. In his dealings he soon began to exhibit signs of aberra- 
tion of mind, which grew into insanity. This waS at first noticeable in his ideas of 
religion. He believed that he was surrounded by evil spirits which at times led 
him astray, and caused him to seek public confessions by posting by the roadside 
such notices as the following : 

" I Austin Day, confess that I have sinned b}' again mingling with evil spirits." 

" Show pity Lord — oh Lord ! forgive, 
Let a repenting rebel live." 

He would at times manifest symptoms of a bad temper, especially toward his 
cattle and horses, and sometimes threatening those with whom he had dealings. 
Later he became possessed witli the notion that all the State of Michigan, and other 
States, had been deeded to him and would call upon different settlers to give up the 
deeds which tiiey had stolen, and in many instances warned farmers to remove from 
their homes as he wished to occupy them, before a set date. Impressed with this 
idea of ownership, he refused to pay his taxes, and allowed his stock to be levied 
upon and sold by the collector. He also had serious difficulties with persons who 
did for him any work, and bills of this kind had to be collected by the aid of law. 
His threats at length began to be noticed in the neighborhood, and men began to 
say he was not a safe man to be at large. He was often heard to say that he would 
be doing God service if he should kill such or such a one. Living about two miles 
off, was a man named Alanson Church, who made it a part of his business to dig 
wells for the farmers of the place, and had windlass, tubs, and other tools adapted 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



to tliat purpose. Mr. Day, needing to deepen and restone a well at his house, bor- 
rowed the tools of Church to do the work, with such help as he could hire. These 
tools he kept for some weeks, and did not find any one to help him about the work. 
At length Church, having begun to dig a well on the adjoining farm of Erastus 
Day, needed the tools and procured the team and a hired man of Mr. Day, to aid 
him in getting them. On reaching the place and applying for the tools, Austin 
Day refused to give them up, stating that Church owed him a certain amount, and 
he was keeping the tools till that should be paid. Hot words followed, and Austin 
who had his gun, pointed it at Church and pulled the trigger, but the cap did not 
explode. Austin then retired into the house, and Church followed him, saying to 
the hired man " we must take away his gun." He went to the door and pushed it 
open, when Austin met him, having put a new cap, and fired, the ball taking effect 
in Church's breast, and passing through the lungs. Church staggered but did not 
fall. The man had run down the road in fright, leaving the team which Austin un- 
hitched and started after him. Church started after the team, falling and rising 
again ever}' few rods. The man seeing there was no danger soon returned and 
helped Church on the wagon and drove to Erastus Day's where he soon died. 
Austin at once began to fortify himself in his house and to provide against arrest. 
Two constables were procured from Romeo, and after a severe struggle he was 
overcome. During the melee Mr. Eggleston, one of the constables, caught hold of 
Austin's gun which he held in his hands, and fired it off, the contents unfortunately, 
taking effect in the arm of John P. Smith, his comrade, entering at the wrist and 
plowing its way to the elbow. This mishap came near being disastrous to the two 
men, as Day was a heavy and powerful man. He was, however, soon overcome and 
bound and taken to the county jail. At the next session of court he had his trial) 
was pronounced insane and was sent to the New York State Asylum, where he died 
in 1876. The crime was committed in 1864. Mr. Day was married early in life 
and had one child. He was a native of New York. 

A PIONEEK LAWYER. 

Alex. OTveefe, mentioned among the names of the pioneer lawyers, of Macoml), 
was one of these erratic genii who are met at long intervals. He arrived at Detroit 
about the year 1819, chuck full of Anglo-Irish law, and still more replete in Celtic 
wit. From a scrap in possession of the writer, it is learned that he was a man 
possessing a very liberal education, a tliorough-hred lawyer, and a stranger to tem- 
perance. His drinking bouts were frequent — often continuing for weeks. He be- 
came acquainted with Judge Bunce, referred to in the pioneer reminiscences, and 
through the judge's influence was elected Pros. Attorney of St. Clair Co. While 
visiting Mr. Bunce, on one occasion, he expressed a wish to represent St. Clair in 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the Legislative Council. He stated publicly that the judge was favorable to his- 
candidature, a statement doubted by the leading men of the county. Shortly after 
this O'Keefe visited St. Clair, and introduced the object of his visit by saying, that 
he had resolved to abstain entirely from drink, and vt^ould make the county his 
home. Very few believed the counsellor. " Relying upon this reformation, and 
my own abilities, I come to offer myself as a candidate to represent vSt. Clair in 
our Legislative Council," continued O'Keefe. 

" Very good," replied one of the persons addressed, " I am glad to hear of your 
proposed reformation, and as to your abilities, no one who has known you or met 
you can doubt them. Come and make your home among us for one year, — give us 
proof of your reformation, and there is not the least doubt of obtaining the support 
of the people. To be candid. Counsellor, I must insist on one year's reformation 
before I can give you my support." O'Keefe heard the language of common sense 
in silence, then grew angry and roared at his friendly advisor, — Sir, I wish you to know 
that I was educated at two of the best seminaries in England, and I was bred at the 
Irish Bar, and sir, I can write your governor down." Then there was silence for 
a moment, until James Wolverton remarked, " Counsellor, you remind me of the 
calf which sucked two cows." " Indeed, what of that, sir," responded O'Keefe. 
" Nothing in particular," said Wolverton," only it is said the more he sucked, the 
larger he grew." O'Keefe admired the witticism, and then settled down to discuss 
the subject calmly, and after going into the merits of Judge Bunce's friendship, wic 
lawyer said — " well, boys, I shall cast myself upon the mercy of the Lord." In the 
case of the Fort Gratiot murder, O'Keefe drew up the bill against the soldier 
cliarged with the offense. He practiced in the courts of Macomb and St. Clair un- 
til the year 1830. 

CHESTERFIELD IN EARLY DAYS. 

Fabien Jean was one of the earliest settlers along the shore of Lake St. Clair, 
in the Township of Chesterfield. He settled on the present homestead before the 
State was admitted into the Union as a State. The road at that time was a mere 
trail following the shore from Detroit to Fort Gratiot, through heavy timbered land. 
Mr. Jean's home was open to all, at all hours of the day and night; to this day there 
are no locks to the doors. White men of redskins were at all times received with 
a cordial welcome. Many are the incidents that pertained to pioneer life in which 
he participated, connected with the Indians, as his land joined the Indian Reserva- 
tion on tlie N. W. On one occasion some twelve or fifteen Indians came to the 
house all more or less under the influence of liquor. They demanded of liim more 
wliisky. He said no ; that they had had enough ; that they were too noisy. The 
Indians said that they would have it if they had to kill him. He said to them that 
he was ready to die, and that they would all die too ; that the great Lord would 






V^" — ^ 



:iL 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



take care of him, and that the great devil would take them. Taking a brand of 
fire fiom the chimney, and pointing to a powder keg, saying, This is a keg of pow- 
der, I will drop the fire into it and it will blow us all up, me to the great Lord, you 
to the great devil, who will keep you in a great fire ; they all exclaimed, do not 
do it ; we will go away. So they did. 

To show the disadvantages that the pioneer had to contend with, Jean related 
some of the trips that had to be made. To obtain groceries and clothing it was nec- 
essary for the pioneer to go to Pontiac or Detroit. It will be remembered that 
Pontiac was formerly in this county, that at that time a man by the name of Clem- 
ens kept a few articles for sale, at what is now the city of Mt. Clemens; for the 
tootliache one had to go to Detroit to have it extracted. 

In 1842 Mr. Jean died. The funeral procession left the house in canoes, and 
conve3'ed the corpse to the burying ground on the Clinton River, there being no 
wagon-road at that time. 

Another incident with the Indians, was that about dark eight or ten Indians 
came to the house and wanted to stay all night. They were most all intoxicated 
and Mr. Jean was afraid that they might do some mischief during the night, so he 
prepared a place for them to sleep on tlie bank of a creek near by, taking care to 
have them all lie side by side. After they fell into a deep sleep, he took a cord and 
fastened all their legs together, so that if one awoke he would wake the rest and 
make a noise, which would warn him at the house. All went well until morning ; 
one on awaking, finding himself fast, commenced to yell. Soon Mr. Jean was at 
the scene and told them that it was he that tied them together, that he done it to 
save their lives, that he was afraid that some of them" might roll or get into the creek 
while intoxicated and get drowned, and the rest could not help. They said that it 
was good in him to care for them in that way. 

Hunting and fishing was in its glory in those days. Tlie hunter could get a 
deer or two almost any forenoon : once in a while a bear and a wolf. They have 
all receded before the sound of the pioneer's ax. 

MARRIAGE RECORD OF EARLY DAYS. 

The first marriage in the county among the American settlers may be said to 
be that of Richard Connor and the Indian captive — the daughter of Myers of Mary- 
land — whose father was killed by the savages on the Monongahela River in 1775, 
and herself with the other children carried into the wilderness of the West. This 
Richard Connor is supposed to have made a temporary settlement in Macomb so 
early as 1781, and shortly after married this child of the Indian camp. For many 
years succeeding this event, marriages were as scarce as the white settlers were 
few. The record of marriages since the organization of the county shows that 



fc 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



matrimony enjoyed a rare popularity throngliont ; though at intervals seasons of 
absolute dullness prevailed. This was particularly the case in 1836-7-8-9, when 
the financial crisis appeared to cast a peculiar gloom over every household, and 
even quench the fire of love in young and old. In 1840, our boys and girls re- 
covered from the fear or cowardice, which the panic years engendered, and hence- 
forth took courage to make the great venture of life. In many cases drink, ex- 
ti'avagance and folly have led to the dissolution of unions that gave high promises. 
However, when the great numbers of marriage contracts which have been faithfully 
carried out are compared with the small number of infelicitous marriages, there is 
every reason for congratulation on the part of the people. 

There are many peculiar, if not ludicrous, reminiscences associated with the 
matrimonial affairs of this as well as other counties in Michigan. In olden times 
men and women were not so precise in expression as are the people of our day, — 
they were not cute enough to avoid words and deeds which might afford subject 
for gossip to the village wags. High hopes, that burn like stars sublime, wei'e sup- 
posed to possess the heart of every lover, when the moment arrived for him to 
deposit a dollar-and-a-half with the county clerk, in payment for a public permit to 
marry the girl of his choice. He feels that he is sure of possessing the loveliest of 
her sex, and that in a few more days earth will not be big enough to contain the 
happiness of himself and his fair partner. Sometimes, however, he learns the point 
of the old French proverb : " Entre le main et la bouohe souvent se perd la soupe." 
A young man, who fondly imagined the pinnacle of happiness was about being 
reached, took out a marriage license on Christmas Day long, long ago. What subse- 
quently happened, how and why his hopes were shattered, how grief played upon 
his heart, and how his life became a burden, are set forth in the following wail, — 
the untutored eloquence of sorrow : — 

" To the County Clerk, Sir : — I will send you the license that you gave me to 
get married with and stat that I was not married for this reason, because the girl, 
whose name is on the paper went back on me because she could get annother feller 

his name ■ ■ send them so that you can give him a license for her but bee 

sure and get your fee for so doin. No more at present but believe me 

Yours most hart-broken 
levi. 

A score of letters equally ridiculous mark the early times in this county — all 
bearing testimony to broken hearts and false loves. 

In this history it would be impracticable to give a full record of matrimonial 
events ; however we will make mention of many of such happy unions effected 
between the date of the county's organization and 1838, arranging the list in the 
order of time. 



^> 



IIISTOUY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



'lil^ 



Niimes of Contracting Parties. Date. Bv Wliom Married. 

John Warren— Mila Freeman. - Dec. 31, 1818.. Gideon Gates, J. P. 

Freeborn Moshier— Mary Cooper Oct. 16, 1S18 Gideon Gates, J. P. 

Cyreus A. Chipman— Mary Lanson. - Sept. 28, 1818 Gideon Gates, J. P. 

Sylvester Fincli— Almeda Webster..- June 4, 1818 ..Gideon Gates, J. P. 

A. McDougal— Eliza McGregor.. July 22, l8ig John K. Smith, J. P. 

Charles Stewart— Eliza Peck 1819. John K. Smith, J. P. 

John Rencillow— Barbara French Aug. 4, 1819 John K. Smith, J. P. 

Silas Miller— Agnes McDonald Dec. 23, 1S19 John K. Smitii, J. P. 

Baptiste Maure— Felici Geneau .Jan. 30, 182 1 Ph. Janvier, priest. 

Ezekiel Allen— Genevieve Russell .Dec. 2, 1S21 John Stockton, J. P. 

Joseph Geard— Marie Reine Pettit Nov. 10, 1S21 Ph. Janvier, priest. 

William Swift— Nancy Stanley Feb. 10, 1822.. John Stockton, J. P. 

Thomas Fowler— Mahaly Mou. Feb. 11, 1S22 John Stockton, J. P. 

John Miller— Harriet Gould... Jan. 9, 1S24 John Stockton, J. P. 

Alfred Ashley — Euphemia Atwood Jan. 24, 1S25 Henry Closson, J. P. 

Baptiste Blait— Felice Sene Feb. 14, 1825 L. Dejean, priest. 

Hyacmthe Charthier— Monique Boyd Feb. 8, 1825.. L. Dejean, priest. 

Tabor Willcox— Lucy P. Torrence .May 2, 1825 John Stockton, J. P. 

Hiram Atwood — Fanny Maria Cook May 30, 1825 Henry Closson, J. P. 

Silas Halsey— LucyCady.. May i, 1825 ..Henry Closson, J. P. 

Horace H. Cady — Susanna Connor June 9, 1825 John Stockton, J. P. 

Byrum Guerin— Mary Rowe ...June 10, 1825 ...John Stockton, J. P. 

Jean B.tpliste Maure — Eleanor Thebeau April 18, 1825 L. Dejean, priest. 

Smith H. Yancey— Mary Connor. July ig, 1S25 Henry Closson, J. P. 

JohnF. Cronk— Mary McCall Sept. 5, 1825 ..Elisha Harrington, J. P. 

Zephaniah Cambell— Betsey Smith Feb. 19, 1S27 Joseph Lester, J. P. 

Amasa Messenger— Sarah Squires ..March ii, 1S27. Joseph Lester, J. P. 

Richard Butler— Abigail Hayes.. Aug. I, 1827 John James, preacher. 

George Lee— Harriet Clemens .March 11, 1828 G. H. Caston, preacher. 

Ale.-cander Arnold— Wealthy Nichols ..Jan. 19, 1828... William Runnells, preacher. 

Daniel B. Nichols — Electa Lockwood. ..Feb. 15, 1828 .William Runnells. preacher. 

Washburne Blackmore- Lucy Hiskins. Dec. 25, 1827... James C. Edgerley, J. P. 

Syl. F. .\twood— Eliza Hill Feb. 22, 1829.- James C. Edgerley, J. P. 

Darius Lampson— Sarah Ann Connor April i, 1829 G. H. Caston, preacher, 

John Price— Rosannah Chandler April 19, 1829 Noah Webster, J. P. 

German Burges— Victoire Joilett Sept. 29, 1829 Harvey Cook, J. P. 

Joseph La Force — Archange Trombley... Oct. 30, 1S29 Robert P. Lewis, J. P. 

Valorous Maynard — Martha Ru,s Nov. 26, 1829 ..James C. Edgerley, J. P. 

Chauncy G. Cady— Catherine M. Gerty Nov. 12. 1829. flarvey Cook, J. P. 

George Price— Loreno Scott Dec. 27, 1829 Solomon Wales, J. P. 

Alfred Bachellor— Ladama Messenger. ...Jan. 21, 1830 ..Almon Mack, J. P. 

Luman Squiers— Rebecca Arnold Jan. 21, 1S30 Almon Mack, J. P. 

Milton H. Webster— Eliza Sessions. Jan. 8, 1S30 Noah Webster, J. P. 

Thomas Willett— Fanny Debater ...Jan. 2, 1S30 .Ezekiel Allen, J. P. 

Hiram Willcox — Jerusha Andrus Feb. 10, 1830. ..Curtiss Goodard, P. E. 

Rev. William T. Snow — Electa Chamberlin Feb. 17, 1830 Curtiss Goodard, P. E. 

Ethan Squiers— Lovina Huntley Feb. 23, 1830 A. Mack, J. P. 

Ezra B. Throop— Harriet Finch May 8, 1825 Gideon Gates, J. P. 

Alvin Nye — Lydia Price ...Jan. 29, 1826 Gideon Gates, J. P. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



)^. 



Names of Contracting Parties. Date. By Whom Married. 

William Nicholas — Betsy Sammons Sept. 17, 1826 Gideon Gates, J. P. 

Richard Elliott — Mary A. Hovey Jan. 14, i827.._ Gideon Gates, J. P. 

James Starkweather — Roxey Lesley Sept. 16. 1827 Gideon Gates, J. P. 

Benjamin Kittredge— Ester Moore. Jan. 24, 1827 Gideon Gates, J. P. 

Jonathan Johnson — Mary B. Marshall - July 20, 1828 Harvey Cook, J. P. 

Charles Mather — Abigail Haskins March i, 1830 Job C. Smith, J. P. 

Josiah A. Hamblin — Mary Ann King _ June 28, 1830 Noah Webster, J. P. 

William Canfield — Ann Clemens. May 13, 1830 Azra Brown, preacher. 

David Bolten — Lydia Inman April 21, 1830 John Norton, preacher. 

Seymour Arnold — Lydia Townsend ..April 18, 1830 John Norton, preacher. 

John D. Holland — Clarissa Hopkins Dec. 31, 182S Smith Weeks, preacher. 

Alva Arnold — Louisa Ruby..- June 3, 1S30 A. Mack, J. P. 

Ebenezer D. Mather — Lucy P. Willcox June 13, 1830 Job C. Smith. J. P. 

Jonas G. Cook— Eliza Osgood Aug. iS, 1831 Job C. Smith, J. P. 

Hiram Squires — Matilda Fowler Nov. 25, 1830 ._ Solomon Wales, J. P. 

Levi F. Tuttle— Susan Davis _.Mar. 28, 1831 Harvey Cook, J. P. 

Samuel H. Giles— Harriet Covell - April 6, 1831 Richard Butler, J. P. 

Alex. Atkins — Eliza D. Lewis.. June 29, 183 1 Richard Butler, J. P. 

Elisha Webster — Harriet Thompson Jan. 26, 183 1 Noah Webster, J. P. 

Apollo A. Fuller — Mary Howard Feb. 6, 183 1 Noah Webster, J. P. 

ElishaRice — Clarissa Haskins Jan. 16, 1831 Harvey Cook, J. P. 

Elijah Bacheller — Eunice Wales.. Jan. 27, 1831 Otis Lamb, J. P. 

James Collins — Anne Wells ....Dec. I, 1830 ..Alex Tackles, J. P. 

Mr. Bozeas — Felice Blait... June 30, 1831 Richard Butler, J. P. 

Capt. James C. Allen — Elizabeth Hayes ..Mar. i, 1S31 Arza Brome, M. G. 

John F. Hamlin — Laura Andrus Mar. 29, 183 1 Arza Brome, M. G. 

J. B. Sancea — Margt. Beaubien Feb. 15, 183 1 F. N. Badin, Priest. 

John Stewart — Emily Barber June 25, 1 83 1 B. N. Freeman. 

Samuel Boughton — Susanna Smith Aug. 23. I S3 1 John Stead, J. P. 

Nathan Rogers — Emeline Dudley Oct. 17, 1830 Abel Warren, M. G. 

Mathias Graves — Rosilla Ruby June 2, 183 1 Abel Warren, M. G. 

Charles Tubbs — Rachael Arnold April 10, 1831 Solomon Wales, J. P. 

Wm. C. Bolamin — Nancy Ellison Feb. 13, 1832 Abel Warren, M. G. 

Philo Gopt — Susanna Arnold Aug. 4, 1 831... Abel Warren, M. G. 

Tiel Brainard — Mary Brainard Nov. 27, 1831 ...Alex. Tackles, J. P. 

Nathan Rogers — Eliza Anne Parker Feb. 13, 1832 Abel Warren, M. G. 

Robert P. Eldredge — Louisa Crittenden .Oct. — , 1831 Richard Butler, J. P. 

James A. Wing — Juliana Lawson Sept. 22, 183 1 Abel Warren, M, G. 

James Allen — Lucinda Townsend Dee. 25, 1831 John Norton, M. G. 

Joseph Aldrich — Caroline Parker July 3, 1832 Noah Webster, J. P. 

— Thorp — Mary Jane Nicholls Jan. 22, 1 83 1 Abel Warren, M. G. 

Jonah Richardson — Rhoda Granger Jan. 12, 1832 Richard Butler, J. P. 

Caleb Carpenter — Matilda Freeman Nov. 14, 1831 L. Shaw, M. G. 

Henry Porter — Susan Stone Dec. 8, 1831 L. Shaw, M. G. 

Amon Baker— Eleanor Hopkins Dec. 13, 1 83 1 L. Shaw, M. G. 

Wm. Roy — Ann Connor May 25, 1832 Solomon Wales, J. P. 

Geo. Twell— Louisa Dudley Mar. 3, 1832.. Solomon Wales, J. P. 

Philander Ewell— Lydia Wells Oct. 13, 1S31 Solomon Wales, J. P. 

Wm. Arnold — Mary Squiers July 5,1831 .Solomon Wales, J. P. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Names ot Contracting Parties. Date. By Wliom Married. 

Isaac Hoard— Delilah Price _.. May 13, 1S32 Otis Lamb, J. P. 

Jolin Nicholas— Nancy Scratrton ._ May 13, 1832. Otis Lamb, J. P. 

Reus. Hollock—Phile Draper June 16, 1833 Noah Webster, J. P, 

John Nicholas— Louise Trevallian .- April 15, 1833..- Abel Warren, M. G. 

Payne K. Leech — Matilda Fuller _ April 25, 1833 Abel Warren, M. G. 

Zemrie Curtis— Amanda Locke - Nov. 11, 1833 _..Abel Warren, M. G. 

James P. Hooker— Thar. Allen Nov. 6, 1833 'Solomon Wales, J. P. 

Harley Brainard — Martha Leech May iS, 1833 Calvin Davis, J. P. 

Alonzo D. Youmans — Julia Ann Tubbs... Aug. 16, 1833 _ Wells Waring, J. P. 

Heil Preston — Lydia Goffman Sept. 29, 1833. -.Calvin Davis, J. P. 

Charles Chamberlain — Caroline Knapp Aug. g, 1S32 Calvin Davis, J. P. 

Nathaniel Garvin — Lydia Junman _.Nov. 20, 1S33 Abel Warren, M. G. 

Bingham Tubbs — Ruth A. Sorel Jan. 24, 1833 Abel Warren, M. G. 

Westley Hinman — Alice M. Connel _. July 10, 1S33 Elisha L. Atkins, J. P. 

H. Perkins— Sarah Ann Meek- - Nov. 28, 1S33 Richard Butler, J. P. 

James Williams— Delia Ann Cook Oct. 14, 1842.- Harvey Cook, J. P. 

Erastus Day— Catherine Smith Feb. 3, 1S33 L. Shaw, M. G. 

Wm. M. Leech — Clarissa Brainard.-- May 22, 1833 Calvin Davis, J. P. 

Hiram Atwood— Aurelia Ann Douglass July 7. iS33 Richard Butler, J. P. 

Sidney S. Hawkins— Elizabeth Clemens April 23, 1833. Henry Coldager, M. G. 

George Stead— Nancy Scott... .- March 16, 1S33 Solomon Wales, J. P. 

Robert Warren— Lois Wells Feb. 14, 1833.- Abel Warren, M. G. 

George Preastly — Sylvania Hoard -. Dec. 10, 1832 Calvin Davis, J. P. 

Anson Rawley— Susan Becroft- -- April 17, 1833 .-.Noah Webster, J. P. 

John Fairchild — Lucy C. Herriman April 9, 1833 Richard Butler, J. P. 

James C. Chase — Rachel Butterlield. Jan. 26, 1833 Richaid Butler, J. P. 

Hambleton Miller— Elizabeth Parks May 5,1833 -Abel Warren, J. P. 

Stephen Castle — Susan D. Shaw Mar. 13, 1S32 Alexander Tackles, J. P. 

H. M. Hopkins— Polly Price Oct. 3, 1832 -Alexander Tackles, J. P. 

Alvin Cleland— Harriet M. Wales. Dec. 5, 1832 Alexander Tackles, J. P. 

Otis W. Colton— Martha Fairchild Aug. 8, 1833 Harvey Cook, J. P. 

John M. Crawford— Polly Miller Aug. 19, 1.832 Noah Webster, J. P. 

James P. Keeler— Annie Arlanhand ..Oct. 30, 1833 Abel Warren, M. G. 

George Adair— Rebecca Madison Aug. 26, 1833.. .Abel Warren, M. G 

Lester Lamles—Lorina Phelps .July 2, 1833 W. Waring, J. P. 

Cornelius Bivens— Olive Tingley June 17, 1832 .Richard Butler, J. P. 

Alexander Atkins— Eliza D. Lewis May 29, 1831 Richard butler, J. P. 

George Stroup— Hannah Conklin Sept. 12, 1833 .Richard Butler, J. P. 

From February, 1834, to May, 1838, a period extending over four year, there 
were only 151 marriages effected in the county, as shown by the records. In dealing 
with those matrimonial events, it will be merely necessary to give the names of the 
contracting parties: 



William Allen to Pembina Scott 

Samuel Axford Summers 

P. Adams— M. Prentiss 
P. Allen— M. Russell 
E. Auscom — E. Fay 



H. Beebe— S. J. Hill 
S. S. Baxter — S. Holeman 
T. Bloss— M. D. Cusick 
A. H. Barlley — M. Dixon 
D. Bennett— A. Wolf 



William Brown — E. Lacox 
T. Blakeley- E. Brayord 
S. Bams — E. Hovev 
T. Hubbard— T. S.' Weeks 
E. Howard — N. Bolien 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ll^ 



M. W. Harrington — Miss Farns- 

worth 
E. C. Harriman — P. Huks 
J. Hall— B. Dailey 
"C. S. Snover — M. Jersey 
I.. Sole— S. Scott 

C. Chapel — A. Valentine 

D. Crawford — L. Fair 

E. Cooley— H. Willis 

A. Chortier — R. Dunphin 
T. Cherry— M. More 
L. Collins — B. Hodgen 
D. Cooley — C. Andrus 
A. Cherry — M. Myers 

D. Conklin— S. A. Stewart 
A. Conklin— H. Witt 

J. Connu — M. A. Funder 
J. M. Combs— M. Still 
]. Crittenden — M. Dudley 
L. M. Collins— M. McKoon 
S. Chattrick — L. Lee 
I.. Chatfield— E. Fi^shbough 

E. Crampton — P. More 
C. Emerson — T- Slioles 
T.J. Ewell— E. Lamb 
H. T. Fox— Mary Avery 
J. Flynn — E. Ingiaham 

A. A. Fuller— A. Shattuck 

O. Fields— C. Fi,h 

J. Frost- L. Aldrich 

G. C. Fletcher— E. G. Hough 

A. Farr— M. Carl 

G. W. Fish— M. Brown 

M.Goalpin — M. Bennett 

S. W. G. Gerill— D. Allen 

William Goodrich — A. Chambers 

A. Ga!;non — M, Pheni.x 

Zera Gray— L. West fall 

T. C. Gallup— M. McChesney 

Noble G. Gunn— Sarah Miller 

J. C, Hinks— M. Clark 

H. Haskins— M. Greenley 

Joseph Hinks — J. Clark 



N. R. Holdridge— H. Hudson S. 

J. C. High— M. A. Olds M 

E. D. Haml.lin— T. Smith D, 

D. E. Haser— R. A. Jennison T. 

P. C. Hart— E. Leonard B. 

S. L. Hill— M. Chapel S. 

H. Harvey — H. Russ J. 

Thomas Hubble — .S. Pooley C. 

M. Haines — B. Dusing J. 

M. Johnson— P. Baldwin C. 

J. James — E. Watkins E. 

D.Jacox — H. Spaulding H. 

T. M. Kirkham— M. Hart C. 

C. Lufkins — S. Goodale T. 
M. Ivingsbury — E. Abernathy N. 
K. Kittridge— E. Wells E. 
J. Lockwcod — J. Tweedle E. 
N. Keeler— M. J. Bates W 
P. Mitter— L. Ashley W 
A. T. Merril— J. High L. 
J. Milton — S. T. Herriman P. 
J. M. Millard— S. Brown P. 
L. P. Miller— S. M. Cram T. 
N. Moe— C. Higgins M. 
J. B. Marlel— Phillis Lablan A. 
H. Mann— P. Skinner H, 
G. Newbury— R. Butlerfield H, 

D. Norris — B. Carpenter J. 
A. T. Powell— S. A. Field O. 
A. Parker— M.- A. Ray R. 
J. Price— S. Bardnell E. 
T. H. Peek— D. Congar E. 
H. Pratt— A. Dice C. 
J. D. Perry— G. Welts M, 
G. W. Preston— S. Gofif S. 

E. Phelps— P. Arnold W 

A. W. Roger.-— D. Scott F. 
N. Rowley — M. Beagle T. 
N. Rowley— .-v. Aldrich J. 
T. Russ— H. Mitchell W 

B. Randall— B. Scott R. 
A. Rowley— B. GofF 

S. Spencer — E. Warner 



D. Shattuck— M. Briggs 

. Stone — L. McGregor 
Stroup — M. Keyes 
C. Snover — L. Phelps 
F. Skinner — M. Moore 

B. Spencer — D. Graves 

Selleck— S. Wells 
H. Sweet— S. A. Bennett 

Smith — M. Gales 

Spalding — F. Fish 
Thorrington — L. Brown 

, Thomas^L. Pratt 
Thompson — A. Mitchell 
J. Tubbs— H. Butterfield 
Tilloltson — P. Hurd 
B. Throop — E. Turrell 
Warner — M. Billings 

. Woodan — M. Bates 

. P. Wells— E. Ewell 
Winans — Jane Drake 

T. Walker— N. Gillett 
WoodUck— M. Finch 
Wood — S. Anderson 

. Wilber — T. Gregory 
Warner — E. Johnson 

, Wyncoop — A. Mitchell 
R. Witt — H. Brown 

Witney — E. Shepherd 
Wing — H. Crawford 
Wilson— T. .Seal 
Wentworth — E. Darling 
L. Walton — C. Stroup 
F. Witt— E. Brown 

, Winslow — M. Welts 

Wilson — L. Scott 

. G. Wilcox — M. Webster 
Wilcox — L. Hovey 
Wood — T, Case 

Whitney— C. Crittenden 

. Wylae — A. Beattie 
Wickoff— M. A. Orr 



The great majority of those early alliances were attended with the most happy 
results. In almost every instance, husband was devoted to wife and wife to hus- 
band: both were faithful to their country, and both traveled down life's course 
casting blessings along their paths. The old settlers of Macomb have, unlike the 
old settlers of the more recently organized counties of the State, made this county 
their home ; here they brought up their children, built their schools and churches, 
and actually reared up a commonwealth of their own, years before the western 
county of Kent was organized — even before the American pioneer set his foot in 
Washtenaw. 

A few of those old settlers still survive, and dwell in the land. Their children 
are here in numbers. Tlie traveler may readily distinguish them. Temperate in 



r&* 



l^ 



HISTORY OF j\IAt;OMB COUNTY. 



a high degree, they reflect the beauty of that virtue wliich makes amends for a 
hundred faults; they possess the physical characteristics of their honored pi-ogeni- 
tors, and still continue to follow in the walks of advancement which their fathers 
trod. 

MARKS FOR CATTLE IN OLDEN TIMES. 

Among the ancient customs of the early inhabitants, that of marking the cattle 
seems to the people of the present time as strange as the descriptions of those 
marks are ludicrous. The following specimens are taken from the records : — 

Charles Tucker's mark for cattle, hogs, sheep, etc., was a hole in the right ear 
and a slit in the left ear, a record of which was made March 11, 1822. 

The mark for Jacob Tucker's stock was, a slit in both ears, recorded April 1. 
1822. 

Ebenezer Kittredge's cattle had " an under bit out of each ear," recorded April 
1, 1822. 

Harvey Cook'.s mark was "a swallow's tail cut out of the right ear," a record 
of which was made April 16, 1822. 

The cattle, sheep and hogs of John Tucker zvere cropped on both ears, and a 
record of such mark made Feb. 22, 182.3. 

John Stockton's cattle, sheep, etc., etc., had a slit in the right ear, a mark 
recorded Feb. 22, 1823. 

Joseph Hayes' cattle had a hole in the right ear. 

Justus H. Barker's mark was a slit in the right ear, a square crop off the right 
ear, and the brand, J. H. B., recorded Dec. 2, 1823. 

The mark on Nathaniel Squire's cattle was a square crop off the left ear, a 
swallow's fork out of the right ear, with the brand, N. S. This was ijlaced on 
record Dec. 2, 1823. 

John Elliott's, senior, cattle were marked with a swallow's tail cut out of the 
left ear. Recorded April 30, 1824. 

Leander Trombley's mark was a half crop off the under part of the right ear, 
which mark was placed on record Sept. 13, 1826. 

Joseph Miller's cattle were known by a square crop off the right ear, which 
mark was published Feb. 7, 1827. 

John Bennett's mark was a swallow tail out of the left ear, not bj^ any means 
out of Mr. Bennett's left ear, notwithstanding what is implied in the records of 
Feb. 7, 1827. 

John Sawle's cattle were marked by a slit in both ears, and such mark was 
recorded Feb. 7,1827. 

Ezra Bellow's cattle were known by a half crop off the under part of the left 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ear. Benjamin Gould's stock were marked similarly under the right ear ; while 
Wm. Allen's mark was a square crop off the left ear. 

Solomon Wales adopted a square crop off right ear, and a half crop under part 
of the left ear. 

Daniel Miller's mark was simply a slit in the left ear, while that of Sardis 
Burlingham's cattle was simply a half crop off the upper part of the left ear. 

George Wilson's cattle had a square crop off the left ear, a slit in same ear, 
and a bit of under part of the right ear. 

Job Hoxie's stock were marked by a crop off the right ear, or a bit out of the 
under part of the same ear. 

Alvin Nye used a square crop on the right, and a slit in the left ear. 

Chauncey Throop adopted a square crop off the right, and a half crop under 
part of the same ear. 

Ezra B. Throop's registered mark was a square crop off the right, and a half 
crop off the upper part of same ear. 

Elon Andrus used a square crop off the right ear and a slit in the same. 

Russell Andrus' mark for his cattle was a square crop in the left ear, and a 
slit in the same. 

John Keeler's cattle had a bit out of upper side of the right, and under side of 
the left ear. 

Isaac Andrus' mark was simply a half crop off the upper part of the right ear. 

Lester Gidding's cattle had a hole in the right ear. 

Price B. Webster's cattle showed a swallow's tail cut out of the right ear. 

Jeremiah Lockwood's were known by a square crop off the left ear, and a half 
crop off the upper part of the right. 

Edward Arnold's stock was distinguished by a square crop off the right, and a 
half crop off the upper part of the left ear. 

Henry Moir's mark for his cattle was a hole through the right ear, and a bit 
out of the under part of the left ear. 

Lucretia Haskiu's cattle bore a square crop off the I'ight, and an under slit in 
the left ears. 

Richard Butler s cattle, sheep, and hogs wore a slit in the under part of each 
ear, and seemed to know all about it. 

PONTIAG AND ST. CLAIR MAIL ROUTES. 

In 1827, a mail route was established from Pontiac to Port Huron, stopping at 
Washington village, and this being the only of3Sce between the former place and 
Mt. Clemens, it necessarily served for a very large extent of country. Otis Lamb 
was the first post-master, and the mail bag was originally carried the entire dis- 



*^; 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tance by a man on foot, and afterward on horse-back for ten or twelve years, the 
mail carrier always remaining at Washington over night. Each letter cost the re- 
ceiver twenty-five ceuts, and such was the scarcity of money that a young man 
living there (now a wealthy resident of Oakland County) was obliged to leave a 
letter in the office for three months before he could by any means obtain the re- 
quired amount. In 1836, Dr. Dennis Cooley was appointed post-master, which 
position he held for twenty-three consecutive years, his own residence being the 
post-office for the greater part of that time. Shortly after his appointment, the 
mail was brought by stage from Detroit via Royal Oak and so continued until the 
completion of the G. T. R. R., when it was transferred to that road stopping oif at 
Utica Station, and a regular line of easy coaches, lumbering stages, or dilapidated 
buggies, were alternately the means of transit, the same being controlled by Ira 
Pearsall for very many years. This arrangement remained until the D. & B. C. R. 
R. was in running order when the nmil-bags and numerous passengers to and from 
Utica were accommodated by S. L. DeKay, his stages making regular trips between 
Utica and Romeo four times daily ; and through all these variations and the con- 
ditions of wind and weather we have known no such thing as a failure of first-class 
mail arrangements until July 18, 1879, when, for some unexplained reason, the 
route ceased altogether, and the large amount of mail matter for this place and 
Davis was left to the tender mercies of a chance carrier. The mail for Brooklyn 
was always received at Washington, they having had no separate office until 1876, 
when a tri-weekly route was established between that village and Washington, and 
an office established at Brooklyn under the name of Davis. 

TEMPEKANCE AND HOUSE KAISING. 

The following paper on the rise and progress of the temperance cause in Mal- 
comb County, not only contains a moral, but also much interesting and historical 
subject matter. The writer is secretary of the County Pioneer Society, a man wed- 
ded to the cause of temperance, and thoroughly conversant with men and events 
connected with the county. He says : " At the date of settlement of the central and 
northern township of Macomb, the use of intoxicants upon all noted occasions, and 
indeed upon the most common events of pioneer life, was held to be a necessity. 
Liquor was used as a cure for all diseases that assailed the system. At births, 
weddings, and deaths, its inspiring aid was sought. Prominent in the history of 
each new settlement were the bees, for the progress of work which one alone could 
not very well accomplish, such as loggings and raisings. At those bees whisky was 
free, and was to many the secret loadstone which attracted them to the place. 
Arriving at the place, if it were a logging, two expert hands chose sides, and select- 
ing the site and arranging the position of the heap, each led his men to the work. 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



At the close of this work results were noted, and one side or other declared victors, 
not in the amount of whisky each had consumed, but in the number of log heaps 
each had erected. If it were a raising, for which they were called together, sides 
were chosen in the same way. Each party would take one end and a side of the 
structure, and proceed to roll the logs together in a lively fashion. At each corner 
a man was stationed, whose business it was to saw, trim, and shape the ends of the 
logs, so as to form the corner, and upon their skill and activity, depended largely 
the appearance of the house when completed. A man who could make a square 
plum corner in the least time was in demand. Occasionally a frame was to be raised, 
and men were invited from far and near, with the tacit understanding that whisky 
was to be an adjunct of the occasion. The timber used in construction was much 
larger than is used in similar structures now, and as no mechanical appliances were 
brought together in elevating it, a larger force was called together. Refreshments 
might be served or not at the option of the proprietor, but the liquor should be 
in sight, and near at hand. After the frame was erected, the men gathered in file 
upon the beam, and if a few drops of the contents of the jug remained, they were 
swallowed, and a name was called for. If a barn, it might be named the settlers' 
pride or the Queen of the settlement, if a house, the ladies' pride, ox family pride, and 
then the jug was hurled into the air, when the company dispersed. 

It soon came about that a feeling of antagonism to the use of whisky strength- 
ened by the occurrence of sundry accidents, the results of whisky, began to pre- 
vail, and very naturally as the sides were chosen, whisky was made the dividing 
'point, and its friends, and the friends of temperance, were arrayed against each 
other. At a raising of a frame house, the two parties went up to put the plates in 
position, and in the zeal of the former not to be beaten by the temperance party, 
they lifted the plate over the posts, and let it drop on the ground below. One man 
whose hat was caved in, seized the jug and cast it into a well close by. At another 
time, a man whose leg was broken, was carried home two miles upon a door. 
Among the first raisings in the northern townships was that of Nathaniel Bennett's 
barn. The mechanic who worked upon the frame was a staunch temperance man, 
and wished that the raising of this barn should be accomplished without the aid of 
whisk}'. Bennett, although favorable to the cause of temperance, was fearful it 
would l)e a failure. The mechanic was so confident, however, that Bennett's ob- 
jections were overruled, and it was bruited round that the affair was to be of a 
temperate character. Both sides resolved to make this a test case, and men gath- 
ered from far and near to view the strife and see the fun. As fast as the forces 
reached the premises, they naturally divided into two armies. The temperance men 
soon went to work, and the liquor men sat upon the timbers, and stood in the way, 
offering obstacles. There was no scarcity of timber in those early days, and the 



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l^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



great beams and plates of (^reeii timber sorely taxed the muscles as well as the 
patience of the workers. When, at length, the sills were in their places, and the 
bents put together, the liquor party came in a body and sat down upon the timbers 
directly in the way of further progress. It required the use of some threats, and a 
good deal of persuasive eloquence to move them, and a portion went off in a huff, 
while the remainder helped to put up the frame. 

A similar test case was held atUtica about the same time. A large store house 
was to be raised, and the mechanic was very fearful that it could not be done with- 
out whisky, but upon the promise of Payne K. Leach to assist with his mill hands 
and tackle box, the attempt was made and success won. 

In the township of Lenox, a like test was made some years later, resulting in 
favor of temperance. 

If the case were that of a man, wlio was himself temperate, and who dis- 
couraged the use of spirits on principle, little was said ; but if stinginess was the 
cause of it being withheld, sad work was often made of both timl^er and frames. 
Sometimes timber was carried back to the woods ; at other times a single bent would 
be setup, and all hands either go away or refuse to do more. At other times timbers 
would be united in all ways but the right one, and in each case the whisky should 
appear before the work would be completed. After those test cases had been tried, 
trial beesoi all kinds without the use of liquors were of frequent occurrence, and 
public sentiment in favor of abstinence grew in favor and strength. 

Organized action against intemperance was first taken at Romeo. In the year 
1830, Deacon Rnger^s Pled;ie was circulated and gained a few names. Those who 
agreed to abstain from the use of wine and beer, and other alcoholic beverages, had 
a capital T prefixed to their names on the pledges, and were called T-T's or teeto- 
talers. At least one who signed Deacon Roger s Pledge has kept it for fifty-two 
years — Dr. HoUister, of Chicago. The effects of this pledge was soon visible in the 
community. One after another, old and young, spoke against the use of spirits, 
and arrayed themselves on the side of temperance. A farmer who had thought 
that haying could not be prosecuted witiiout liquor, sent his boy to the store at the 
corners with the little brown jug to get it filled. This was accomplished, the jug 
emptied, and sent to be refilled. Soon after a storm came up, and the father and the 
son left the field after hiding the jug. Upon their return the old man took up the 
pitcher to drink ; but before doing so, he paused and set it down. After a few 
minutes thought he emptied it upon the ground, and said. " My son let us never 
touch this stuff again as long as we live." The father kept this resolution, but the 
son is a drunkard to this day. And thus the leaven was at work. 

" Men thought, spoke, and acted." In a letter from Dexter Mussey to the 
Secretary of the Pioneer Society, under date April 7, 1881, that old settler states : 



^ ^|a w- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



There was a Waslnnsrtonian Temperance society formed here as early as 1844, 
but accomplished but little. At a subsequent date the Sons of Temperance seemed 
to take the lead in some parts of this State and the west shore concluded to imitate 
the Sons of Temperance by liolding weekly meetings, or at least once in two weeks. 
This we did during one winter, 1848-9, but failed to keep up an interest or ac- 
complish much good. We then concluded to try the laws, and organized a division 
of eleven members, and after working hard for one year found ourselves with 
thirteen members, had received three, expelled one, dismissed one to join elsewhere. 
Then we commenced an aggressive course and soon had one hundred names and 
then for three or four years succeeded well, prosecuted the rum-sellers and all went 
on well until the Prohibitory law passed, and then all seemed to think the work 
completed and the Division dissolved and very little was done for the cause of 
temperance. After a time there was a lodge of Good Templars organized and went 
very well and with tolerable success for a time until it was turned into a political 
organization, when it shared the fate of all its predecessors. (^Died.') At still a 
subsequent date a Division of the Sons of Temperance was organized with tolerable 
success as to members, but not with much success in staying the tide of intemper- 
ance. This last organization is still in existence and is the only organization here 
which proposes to amend solely against the liquor business, and it is doing very 
little to what it ought to accomplish, the work it professes to have in hand. The 
present law has been enforced to a considerable extent, but not by the Sons of 
Temperance. There were fourteen prosecutions for violations of the law, and in 
every case with success. 

A RETROSPECT. 

My home ! the spirit of its love is breathing 
In every wind tliat plays across my track : — 
From its white walls, the very tendrils wreathing, 
Seem with soft links to draw the wanderer back. 

What a change has come over the land since they first saw it ? The metamor- 
phosis from the sickle and the cradle to the modern harvester is not more wondei'- 
ful than other changes which have been wrought ; and he who brings up sad re- 
membrances of a hard day's work, and a lumbago caused by the swinging of his 
cradle or scythe, smiles, when he thinks of that semi-barbarous period that could 
neither produce a harvester nor a mower, nor a sulky plow, nor any of these new 
machines, which make the practice of agriculture a luxury. To-day he mounts in- 
to the seat of one of these farm implements, as he would into his buggy, and with 
the assurance that, no matter what the condition of the grain or meadow, whether 
tangled, lodged, or leaning, he can master a quarter section of land more thoroughly 
and with grea'er economy than lie could have managed a five acre field a quarter of 



'i^i 



5 > 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



a century ago. The change is certainly material ! The old settlers realize it ; but yet 
they look back to the never forgotten past, when contentment waited upon the work 
of the old cradle, plow and spade, — to that time when the primitive character of all 
things insured primitive happiness. Then contentment reigned supreme, and con- 
tinued so to do until knowledge created ambitions, and those ambitions brought in 
their train, their numerous proverbial little troubles. 



CHAPTER XVI. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The third decade of the Nineteenth Century will ever be memorable as the era 
of emigration from the Eastern States, and the hunt after Western homes. During 
those years the people of the Original States rose to a full conception of the worth 
of the land, and the almost unbounded country which the toilers of the Revolution 
won for them. They resolved to direct their steps westward. Michigan was not 
forgotten. The country from the St. Joseph to the Grand River, along the valley 
of the southern Huron, and northwards still to the Saginaw — the home of the 
Otchipwes — was explored by them and settlements effected. Years before this, 
however, Macomb County was not only explored, settled ; but also organized. In 
1818, three years after the organization of Wayne, and one year after the organi- 
zation of Monroe, Macomb County was erected by an act of the Territorial Legis- 
ative Council. 

For some years previous to 1818, the American and French pioneers built their 
log huts, and transformed portions of the forest into spots of pastoral beauty. 
Many acres were then fenced round, and the stacked harvest of the preceding year 
could be seen by the traveler. The country was then replete in beauty ; the 
singularly attractive monotony of the wild woods was varied by tracts of cultivated 
land, the homes of the settlers, and the villages of the aborigines. 

Solidarity of interests joined the pioneers in a bond of fraternity, the strength 
of which tended to render their loves and friendships lasting. Solidarity of inter- 
ests tauglit the pioneers to offer the hand of fellowship to their savage neighbors — 
the Otchipwes ; and solidarity of interests pointed out to them the results of seek- 
ing for the organization of the districts in which they lived into a little Republic. 

On the completion of the farm labors of 1817, those white inhabitants — those 
true foresters — did not seek repose ; but turning their attention away from manual 
labor, embraced mental work, to the end that their political condition might 
advance hand-in-hand with their social status. 



f> 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Before the spring-time called them to their fields again, they had established 
for themselves a county and a county government. The action of the Legislative 
Council, and the State Legislature in regard to the townships of Macomb, is 
reviewed in the following acts and summarization of acts : 



ST. CLAIR TOWNSHIP. 

The act of the Legislative Council, approved January .5, 1818, provided, that 
the district beginning at the opposite shore of the River Huron, including the 
shore, and running along tlie shore of Lake St. Clair, to tlie mouth of the river St. 
Clair, and along said river to Fort Gratiot, and extending in the rear as aforesaid, 
shall form one township, and be called the Township of St. Clair. 

MACOMB COUNTY ERECTED. 

A petition was presented to Gov. Cass, signed by a number of the inhabitants 
of tliis Territory, requesting that a new county may be laid out therein ; which 
was responded to as follows : — 

No'w Therefore, Believing that the establishment of such county will be conducive to the public interest, 
and to individual convenience, I do, by virtue of the authority in me vested by the ordinance of Congress, 
passed the 13th day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, entitled 
" An ordinance for the government of the Territory of the United States northwest of the river Ohio," lay 
out that part of the said Territory included within the following boundaries, namely: beginning at the south- 
west corner of township number one, north of the base line (so called), thence along the Indian boundary line 
north, to the angle formed by the intersection of the line running to the White Rock upon Lake Huron ; 
thence with the last mentioned line to the boundary line between the United States and the British Province 
of Upper Canada ; thence with the said line southwardly to a point in Lake St. Clair due east from the place 
of beginning; thence due west to the eastern extremity of the said base line; and with the same to the place 
of beginning, into a separate county, to be called the county of Macomb. 

And I do hereby appoint William Brown, Henry J. Hunt, and Conrad Ten Eyck, Esquires, commission- 
ers for the purpose of examining the said county of Macomb, and of reporting to me where it is the most 
eligible site for establishing the seat of justice thereof. 

And I constitute the said county a district for the purposes required by the act entitled "An act to adjust 
the estates and affairs of deceased persons, estate and intestate, and for other purposes," passed the 19th day 
of January, one thousand eight hundred and eleven. 

In testimony whereof I have caused the Great Seal of the said Territory to be hereunto aflixed, and have 
signed the same with my hand. Given at Detroit this 15th day of January, in the year of our Lord one 
thousand eight hundred and eighteen, and of the Independence of the United States of America the forty- 
second. LEWIS CASS. 

By the Governor; 

William Woodbridge, Secretary of Michigan Territory. 

LOCATING THE COUNTY SEAT. 

" Whereas William Brown, Henry J. Hunt, and Conrad Ten Eyck, the com- 
missioners appointed to ascertain the most eligible site for the seat of justice of the 
County of Macomb, have reported to me, that the Town of Mt. Clemens, recently 



1^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



laid out upon the farm of Christian Clemens, Esq., in the said county, is the most 
eligible site for that purpose ; and whereas the said Christian Clemens, Esq., has 
conveyed for the use of said county, the lot of ground designated by the said com- 
missioners, and has given to the Treasurer of the said county, his obligation for the 
mon'ey, work, and materials required by them, towards the execution of the public 
building ; I do, therefore, in consideration of the premises, and by virtue of the 
anthorit}' by law in me vested, establish the seat of justice for the said County of 
Macomb, at the said Town of Mt. Clemens." This proclamation was signed by 
Lewis Cass, March 11, 1818. 

ORIGINAL TOWNSHIPS. 

A proclamation of the Governor issued April 8, 1818, divided Macomb into the 
following townships, viz : All that portion of the county soutli of a line drawn due 
west from the mouth of Swan Creek, to the Indian boundary line, shall form one 
township, and be known as the township of Huron ; all that portion which lies 
north of a line drawn due west from the mouth of Swan Creek, shall form one town- 
ship and be called St. Clair. Under the same proclamation all that portion of the 
town of Huron (whicli lies south of the base line) beginning at Forsyth's farm, 
including the farm, extending along the shore of Lake St. Clair to the River Huron, 
and west to the United States lands, was attached to the township of Hamtramck, 
in Wa)'ne County. 

Perry Township was estaljlished by the Act Jan. 12, 1819. It comprised the 
western sections of Macomb, all the unorganized territory north to the treaty line, 
and west to the meridian, north of the boundaries of Oakland. 

THE NAME HURON CHANGED TO CLINTON. 

An act approved July 17, 1821, declared that confusion, uncertainty, and incon- 
venience may frequently arise from the variety of rivers and places called Hui-on, 
and directed, for that reason, that the northern town of Macomb, which was estab- 
lished under the name of Huron, Aug. 12, 1818, should be called Vlintoii ; and the 
river running through said town into Lake St. Clair, commonly called the Huron, 
should be named Clinton. 

CHANGE OP BOUNDARY. 

The boundaries named in the Act establishing this county, Jan. 15, 1818, 
were changed in September, 1822, as shown in the following description : 

" Beginning on tlie boundary line between the United States and the Province of 
Upper Canada, where the northern boundary of the county of Wayne intersects the 
same ; thence with the said northern boundary, west, to the line between the 
eleventh and twelfth ranges, east of the principal meridian ; thence north to the 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



line between the townships numbered five and six, north of the base line ; thence 
east, to the line between the tliird and fourth sections of the fifth township north 
of the base line, in the thirteenth range, east of the principal meridian ; thence 
south to the southern boundary of the said township ; tlience east, to the line be- 
tween the fourteenth and fifteenth ranges, east of the principal meridian ; thence 
south to Lake St. Clair ; thence in a dii-ect line to the place of beginning. 

Given under my hand, at Detroit, this tenth day of September, in the year of 
our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-two, and of the Independence of 
the United States the forty-seventh. LEW. CASS." 

ORGANIC SUMMARY. 

Macomb County formed a portion of Wayne, as organized in the days of the 
Northivest Territory. Old Wayne County comprised not only the Lower Peninsula, 
but also the strip of land along the western shores of Lake Michigan, and all west 
of that strip so far as explorers migiit jjenetrate. Robert F. Eldredge, in his paper 
styled "A Brief Outline of tlie History of Macomb Co.," saj-s : " It was estab- 
lished as a county in Michigan Territory in 1815. (Terr. Laws, Vol.1, p. 323.) It 
then included that part of Michigan to which tlie Indian title Jhad been extin- 
guislied. In 1805, the Territory of Michigan was constituted. On the 1st of July, 
1805, the government of the Territory was organized at Detroit, by Gen. William 
Hull, as first governor. The Indian title to the lands of Macomb County was 
extinguished by the treaty of 1807. At that time the Pottawatoraies, the Ottawas, 
the Wyandots and the Chippewas ceded to the United States a tract of country 
bounded south by the Maumee Bay and River, north by the principal meridian, 
and on the northwest by a line running southwest from White Rock, cutting the 
said meridian at a point where an east and west line from the outlet of Lake Huron 
intersects the same. By a proclamation made by Lewis Cass, Jan. 15, 1818, all the 
land thus obtained from the Indians wliich lies north of the base line was formed 
into the county of Macomb, and William Brown, Henry J. Hunt and Conrad Ten 
E3^ck were appointed commissioners to ascertain the most eligible site for the seat 
of justice of such county. The county seat was established at Mt. Clemens by 
proclamation of March 11, 1818. May 4, following, the Legislative Council of the 
Territory granted $400 to the new county, to be expended in the erection of a 
court-house and jail. At this period Macomb comprised all the territory now form- 
ing the counties of St. Clair, Oakland, Livingstone, Genesee, Lapeer, large por- 
tions of Shiawassee, Ingham, Sanilac and Tuscola, together with the southeast 
corner of Huron, and a portion of the townships of Birch Run and Maple Grove, 
in Saginaw County. 



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^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ESTABLISHMENT OF TOWNSHIPS. 

The county was divided into townships by executive decree, published April 8, 
1818. That portion of the county lying north of a line drawn due west from the 
mouth of Swan Creek was named St. Clair Township, while the portion south of 
such a line was called the township of Huron. The township of Harrison was laid 
off Aug. 12, 1818. The establishment of Oakland County, Jan. 12, 1819, was the 
first move in reducing the dominion of the settlers of Macomb ; yet the act did not 
come into effect until Jan. 1, 1823, so that, virtually, Macomb ruled Oakland for a 
term of four years after the establishment of that county. 

Perry Township was laid off Jan. 12, 1819. St. Clair County was established 
March 28, 1820. The township named stretched along the eastern boundary of 
Oakland, northwards to the Indian treatj/ line, and westward, south of that line, to 
the principal meridian, including what forms now the counties of Lapeer, Genesee, 
Shiawassee, and portions of Sanilac, Tuscola, Saginaw and Shiawassee. St. Clair 
County was organized May 8, 1820. Sept. 10, 1822, Gov. Cass' proclamation, 
establishing the boundaries of Macomb, was issued, which proclamation is given in 
this chapter. The principal river of the county was called the Huron until 1824, 
when the name was changed to Clinton by the act of July 17, 1824, and the name 
of Huron Township changed to Clinton Township. 

The act, appoved April 12, 1827, laid off the county into five townships, viz: — 
Harrison, Clinton, Shelby, Washington and Ray. In 1832 the act to extend the 
boundaries of Macomb was approved, when town 5 N. of R. 14. E., and the east 
half of T. 5, N. of R. 13 E., were added to the county and attached for govern- 
mental purposes to the town of Ray. March 9, 1833, the north half of Washington 
was formed into a new township to be called Bruce. April 22, 1833, town 5, N. of 
Ranges 13 and 14 E., were laid off under the name of Arrnadia. By the Act of March 
7, 1834, Macomb Township was established, the boundaries of Ray were extended, 
and the town line between Clinton and Harrison straightened. March 17, 1835, 
town 2, N. of R. 12, E. was laid off as the township of Jefferson. Hickory and 
Grange townships were laid off March 11, 1837; Lenox was established March 20, 
1837, and seven days previously the village of Mt. Clemens was incorporated. 
An Act approved March 6, 1838, authorized the organization of the town of Rich- 
mond, and under authority of the same act the name Jefferson was abolished, and 
the town called Sterling. The Act of April 2, 1838, ordered that sections 12, 13, 
24, 25 and 36 of town 1 N. R. 13 E., be taken from Orange and added to Hickory, 
and also recognized the change of name from Hickory to Aba. Romeo was incor- 
porated as a village, March 9, 1838, and on the same date the village of Utica 
received authority to organize. The Act of March 26, 1839, changed the name 
Aha to Warren. On Feb. 16, 1842, the township of Macomb lost its eastern half. 



s ^ 



300 HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 

henceforth to be known as Chesterfield ; section 36 of Warren was ceded to Orange, 
and b}' an Act, approved March 9, 1843, the name of Orange gave place to that of 
Erin, by which name that picturesque division of the county continues to be 
known. 

MISCELLANEOUS ACTS. 

Under the act of Jan. 3, 1818, the inhabitants of that portion of Wayne 
County, comprehended within the limits of the District of Huron, as established 
by that act, and subsequently altered, should meet at the house of Christian Clem- 
ens, under the superintendence of Christian Clemens, Daniel Le Roy and Francois 
Labadie, to vote on the question of tiie organization of a General Assembly on the 
third Monday of February, 1818. 

On the 26th Feb. 1818, the Legislative Council decreed, that on the first Mon- 
day of February and the second Monday of July in every year the County Court 
for the County of Macomb should be held. 

Macomb County Court House. The Act of May 5, 1818, appropriated $400 
towards the erection of a Court House and Gaol for Macomb County, to be ex- 
pended by the Justices of the Court of General (Quarter Sessions, and to be paid 
out of any moneys in the treasury, not otherwise appropriated. 

The Act of the Legislative Board, approved Aug. 26, 1819, directed that all 
wills, inventories of estates, returns of administrators or executors, bonds, decrees, 
orders, and all documents, etc., connected with Macomb County, should be trans- 
mitted at once to the County Register from the Register's office of Wayne. 

An Act of the Legislative Council was approved Aug. 4, 1824, authorizing 
Christian Clemens, Ellis Doty, Justice H. Barker, and those who may associate 
with them to erect a dam across Clinton River at the village of Mt. Clemens, with 
certain provisos, one of which was that the water should not be raised higher than 
three and one-half feet above low water mark. 

The county commissioners of Macomb, were authorized, under an Act approved 
Aug. 4, 1824, to make such addition to the tax roll for that year, as they should 
deem necessary to meet the expense of completing court house and gaol, such tax 
not to exceed one-fourth of one per cent, on the valuation of real and personal 
property. 

The construction of a territorial road from Mt. Clemens via\ Romeo, Lapeer, 
and Saginaw to the Sault de Ste. Marie was authorized March 4, 1831. 

The road from Detroit to Port Huron was laid off, under legislative authority. 
The Act approved April 12, 1827, authorized Nathaniel Millard, Jonathan 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Kearsley, Levi Cook, Cliarles Larned, Ellis Doty, John P. Slieldon, Christian Clem- 
rans, Alfed Ashley, Jacob Tucker, Ignace Morass, Joseph Hayes, and others who 
may associate with them, a company to remove obstructions from the Clinton 
River, and render it navigable from the village of Mt. Clemens to MacFs Lower 
3Iill. This company as organized was known as the Clinton River Navigation 
Company. 

Sept. 3, 1827, the counties of Macomb and St. Clair were erected into one dis- 
trict, and authorized to elect one member of the Legislative Council. 

A second territorial road to the Clinton River from Detroit was authorized 
under the Act of June 23, 1828. This commenced at Detroit, continued by the Old 
French Church to a \)o'u\t on the Clinton River, betweeen Nathaniel Squire's and 
Enoch Huntley's farms in Macomb Count3\ William Meldrum and James Connor 
of Macomb, and William Little of Wayne were appointed commissioners. 

The Act of June 23, 1828 decreed that there should be a territorial road estab- 
lished, beginning at the northeast corner of Oakland County, and running thence 
south along the division line between Macomb to Oakland to the base line; 
thence continuing south until it intersects the turnpike leading from Detroit to 
Pontiac. Francis Cicot of Wayne, Alexander Faeles, of Macomb, and John Todd 
of Oakland were the commissioners appointed under the Act. 

The Clinton Steam Mill Company was organized at Mt. Clemens, under power 
granted in an Act approved March 2, 1831. This act points out that the capital 
stock was $20,000 in shares of 125 each. The subscriptions toward this stock were 
ordered to be opened at Detroit, the first Monday of Maj', 1831, under the superin- 
tendence of Lewis Cass, Jonathan Kearsley, James Abbott, Innis S. Wendell, 
John Palmer, and also at Mt. Clemens, under Christian Clemens, Alfred Ashley, 
J. M. Cummings, and Job C. Smith. 

An Act approved June 18, 1832, provided that within six months, it should be 
lawful for Antoine Dequindre, Barnabus Campau, Jacque Campau, Gabriel Cheine, 
Isidore Cheine, Rene Marsac, Isidore Morin, Dominique Reopelle, who feel ag- 
grieved by laying out the territorial road from the citj" of Detroit to the river Clin- 
ton so far as the Old French Church in the township of Hamtramck, to state their 
complaints to any Circuit or County Judge in writing, when three disinterested 
freeholders will be appointed to decide and assess damages. 

The Romeo and Mt. Clemens Railroad was incorporated under authority given 
in an Act, approved April 16, 1833, with Gad Chamberlain, Gideon Gates, Asahel 
Bailey, Lyman W. Gilbert, Azariah W. Sterling, Moses Freeman, Isaac Powell, 
Noah Webster, Reuben R. Smith, Norman Perry, Ansou Bristoll, James C. Allen, 



fe^ 



303 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

Joel Tucker, Wm. Canfield, Christopher Douglas, and N. T. Taylor. The capital 
stock was $150,000. 

Shelby Liberal Institute. — An Act to incorporate a society under this name was 
approved April 22, 1833, granting to Daniel W. Phelps, Peleg Ewell, Samuel Ax- 
ford, Samuel Adair, Samuel Ladd, Lyman T. Jenny, Daniel Hurston, John S. Axford, 
Joseph Lester, Luther R. Madison, John Stockton, and Calvin Davis, power to 
establish in the township of Shelby a literary institution, and appointing the men 
named trustees of such. 

Romeo Academy. — Under an Act approved Mai'ch 21, 1833, Gad. Cliamberlin, 
Nathaniel T. Taylor, Gideon Gates, Norman Perry, Noah Webster, Reuben R. 
Smith, Hiram Calkins, John S. Axford, Abel Warren, Asahel Bailey, John Ben- 
nett, James Starkweather, James Thompson, Azariah W. Steel, and William 
Abbott of Macomb County were constituted trustees of Romeo Academy, with 
power to establish such an institution for the education of youth. 

The Shelby and Detroit Railroad Company was authorized March 7, 1831, 
with Eurotas P. Hastings, Levi Cook, Shubael Couant, Gordon A. Leach, Daniel 
W. Phillips, Lyman T. Jenny, John S. Axford, Jacob A. Summers, and Peleg Ewell, 
commissioners under tlie direction of a majority of whom subscriptions to the 
amount of JflOOiOOO capital stock miglit be received. 

An Act of the Legislative Council of the Territory of Michigan, approved 
March 27, 1835, ordained, that the Supervisors of Macomb County, should, if they 
deem proper, discontinue all suits, pending in the Circuit Court, against Nathan B. 
Miller, John Elliott, James Meldrum, and Francis Dequindre, as sureties of William 
Meldrum, late treasurer of the county, and may release such bondsmen from all 
liabilities. 

Richard Butler for copying returns of the sheriif, containing 6,400 inhabitants 
at $3.00 per thousand, received $18,02, March 21, 1358. 

An Act approved March 27, 1835, authorized the inhabitants of Harrison and 
Clinton townships to erect a bridge over the Clinton River at or near the village of 
Mt. Clemens, under the superintendence of Christian Clemens and Antoine Chortier, 
and authorizing a tax to be levied on the people of these townships to meet the ex- 
penses of the work. The conditions imposed were a bridge 1-4 feet wide, with a 
draw in the center of not less than 36 feet, and to be considered a free bridge for 
ever. 

The Act to incorporate the Clinton Salt Works Company was approved April 
3, 1838, giving authority to Robert S. Parks, Lawson S. Warner, Thomas B. Andrews, 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



■^ 



Charles Hubbell, and Calvin C. Parks to form such a company and carry on the 
business. 

An Act for the relief of the township of Shelby was approved March 9, 1838, 
dealing with the former absconding collector of taxes, and enabling the new collector 
to receive the sums of money unpaid to the man reported as absconding. 

An Act appointing commissioners to establish State Roads was approved Feb. 
28, 1838, directing that a State road from Mt. Clemens, by way of Crawford's 
Settlement in Macomb Tp; Chubb's Settlement in Ray Tp., to Flower's store in 
Armada, be laid out, and appointing Wm. Canfield, Stewart Taylor, and Azariah 
Prentiss, commissioners. 

COTTNTY OFFICERS PAST AND PRESENT. 



SHERIFFS. 

James Fulton 1818-22 

William Meldrum. ..1S22-28 

N. Nye 1828-30 

Addison Chamberlain 1830-32 

William Canfield 1S32-36 

Abraham Freeland 1836-3S 

Calvin Davis 1 838-40 

Amos B. Cooley 1 840-44 

John G. Dixon _ 1 844-46 

Varnum Lutkin 1 846-4S 

Milo SellecU .1848-50 

Walter Porter 1850-52 

Thonjas Colby _ 1852-56 

Charles C. Lamb. 1856-60 

Joseph Hubbard _ 1860-64 

Geo. E. Adair 1864-66 

Has well Church 1866-70 

Frederick G. Kendrick 1870-74 

Winfield S. Hathaway _ 1874-7S 

Louis Groesbeck 1878-80 

T. W. Newton 1880-82 

CLERKS. 

John Stockton 1818-25 

Thomas Brandon 1 825-26 

R. S. Rice 1826-28 

R. P. Eldridge 1828-30 

Richard Butler 1830-36 

Amos Dalby 1836-46 

Robert Thompson „ 1S46-48 

Ira Stout 1848-50 

Theron Cud worth __ 1850-52 

John S. Fletcher 1852-54 



Perrin Crawford .' 1854-56 

John B. Ellsworth ..1856-58 

Henry O. Smith 1858-64 

James Whiting _ 1864-66 

William M. Connor 1866-70 

Charles S. Groesbeck 1870-78 

William L. Dicken 1878-82 

COUNTY REGISTRARS. 

John Stockton 1818-28 

William Meldrum 1828-32 

Rodney O. Cooley 1832-38 

Amos Dalby ..1838-44 

Henry Teats 1844-48 

Robert H. Wallace 1848-52 

John J. Traver 1852-56 

Norton L. Miller 1856-60 

Geo. W. French 1860-62 

Thomas L. Sackett 1862-68 

Alonzo M. Keeler 1868-70 

Geo. W. Robinson 1S70-72 

Alonzo M. Keeler ^. 1S72-74 

Traugotte Longerhausen 1874-80 

Judson S. Farrar 1880-82 

JUDGES OF THE PROBATE COURT. 

Christian Clemens. .1818-36 

Prescott B. Thurston 1S36-40 

Porter Kibbee 1840-48 

Prescott B. Thurston 1848-60 

Isaac B. Gilbert 1 860-64 

Henry O. Smith 1864-68 

Thomas L. Sacket 1868-76 

James B. Eldredge 1876-80 

James B. Eldredge 18 



rff- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



TREASURERS. 

Christian Clemens iSiS-27 

John S. Axford 1827-32 

H iram Calkins -. .1832-34 

Horace H. Cady 1834-36 

Rodney O. Cooley 1836-40 

Henry M. Dodge 1840-42 

Thomas M. Perry 1842-48 

Allen P. Bentley 1848-52 

Joshua B. Dickenson. 1852-56 

Charles B. Matthews 1856-60 

Edward C. Gallup 1860-62 

Justus R. Crandall 1862-66 

Josiah T. Robinson 1866-68 

Joseph Hubbard 1868.70 

Oliver Chapaton 1S70-78 

Charles Tackels 1878-82 

PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS. 

EzraB. Prescott 1S18-20 

Geo. A. O'Keefe 1820-28 

Alex. D. Frazer 1828-32 

Robert P. Eldridge _ 1S32-34 

Cornelius O'Flynn 1834-38 

Dewitt C. Walker 1838-40 

John J. Leonard 1840-42 

I larleigh Carter 1 842-44 

\Vm. T. Mitchell .1844-46 



Andrew S. Robertson 1846-50 

Giles Hubbard I S50-56 

Richard Butler 1856-5S 

Giles Hubbard 1 858-60 

Elisha F. Mead. ...1860-62 

Thomas M. Crocker 1862-64 

Giles Hubbard 1864-66 

Edgar Weeks 1 866-70 

James B. Eldredge. 1870-76 

Geo. M. Crocker 1876-S0 

Irving D. Hanscom iSSo-82 

[Mr. Hanscom moved to Marquette in June, 1082.] 

COUNTY SURVEYORS. 

John B. HoUister 1830-32 

William A. Burt 1S32-34 

Ephraim Calkins. 1S34-36 

Joel Manley 1836-42 

Charles F. Mallory ...1842-50 

Ludwig Wesolouski 1850-52 

Geo. E. Adair 1S52-56 

Addison P. Brewer 1856-60 

Geo. H. Fenner 1860-62 

Ludwig Wesolouski 1862-64 

Oscar S. Burgess .1864-70 

Geo. E. Adair 1870-72 

Oscar S. Burgess 1872-74 

Clarence Stephens .1874-76 

George E.Adair... 1876-82 



SUPERVISOR S BOARD. 

The first record of the Board is given under date July 17, 1827. Henry 
Taylor, John S. Axford, Josejjh Lester, Reuben R. Lester, Job C. Smith, super- 
visors, were present. One of the resolutions adopted at this meeting was that no 
bounty should be allowed for wolf or panther scalps in the future, and that 14 
be allowed for scalps taken under the law. 

In October, 1827, the Board ordered that tliere should be raised for county 
purposes one-third of one per cent, upon all taxable property, which equal- 
ized would entail a tax upon Harrison, $80 ; on Clinton, 170 ; on Shelby, $50 ; 
Washington, i70 ; Ray, $28.37. 

The first record of the issue of county orders is dated October 15, 1827, and 
is as follows: " B. W. Freeman, for services rendered the United States versus 
Garret Vand der Pool, 93 cents ; Moses Freeman, in the same cause, $i ; Old David, 
for wolf scalps, $i ; William Olds, for services as constable and crier, $3.50 ; Robert 
Townsend, for wolf scalps, $4 ; Isaac Andrews, for services rendered County Com- 








|V1/^C0|^/1B COU^fT/.CO^j)^T HOUSL^ 1881-2, 



te^ 



HISTORY OP MAUOJIB COUNTY. 



missioners, $3.50; John S. Axford, for duties as late County Commissioner, io; 
Asa Huntley, #2; John S. Axt'ord, as Supervisor, $6 ; Joseph Lester, $6 for services 
as Supervisor ; Reuben R. Smith, for similar services, fO ; Job C. Smith, $4 ; 
Ezekiel Allen, late C^lounty Commissioner, io; Ephraim McCall, as Clerk of Super- 
visor's Board, $1.50 ; Henr}' Taylor, ■|!4, as Supervisor ; John S. Axford, for wolf 
scalps, $4. 

What changes have taken place since this record was made ! The old super- 
visors placed a quietus on the wolf hunters, exercised a false economy in every 
department of the public business of the county ; yet they were honorable men, 
and acted only in the spirit of the times. A few years later they were among the 
first to receive the teachings of the new immigrants from the Eastern States, and 
since 1835 may be said to equal in public enterprise tlie supervisors of the counties 
erected during that year. 

In the paper on county organization, prepared in 1868 by Edgar Weeks, the 
following account of proceedings is given : 

The County of Macomb was organized on the 18th day of Januaiy, in the 
year 1818. Prior to tliat date Macomb County was attached to the Judicial Dis- 
trict of Huron, and its limits embraced the present counties of Oakland, St. Clair, 
Lapeer, and several other more northern counties. The county seat was estab- 
lished at Mt. Clemens, where it has remained to this day. On the organization of 
tlie county, the governor, by commissions under the great seal of the territory, 
appointed the following officers. We give the names of the persons appointed, 
the dates of the appointments, and the titles of tlie offices : 1818, Jan. 20 — 
Christian Clemens, Chief Justice ; Daniel Leroy and V/illiam Thompson, Associate 
Justices; John Stockton Clerk of the Court of General and Quarter Sessions ; 
Conrad Tucker, Justice of the Peace ; Elisha Harrington, Justice of the Peace ; 
Ignace Morass, Coroner; John Connor, Constable ; Rufus Hatch, Justice of the 
Peace ; Feb. 9 — Daniel Leroy, Justice of the Peace ; Francis Labadie, Justice of 
the Peace ; John K. Smith, Justice of the Peace ; June 22 — John Connor and 
John B. Pettit, Commissioners ; Aug. 13 — James Robinson, Constable ; Benoit 
Tremble, Supervisor of Harrison ; Nov. 3 — Daniel LeRo}', Judge of Probate ; 
John Stockton, Register of Probate ; Dec. 12 — John Stockton, Justice of the 
Peace. 18PJ, Jan. 4 — Esra Prescott, Prosecuting Attorney. 

Up to the year 1827, the municipal powers of the county were exercised 
through a Board of County Commissioners, and at that time the county was 
territorially divided into five townships, named Harrison, Clinton, Shelby, Wash- 
ington and Ray. These townships were, geographicall}', made up quite differently 
from their present boundaries. We will not stop to describe more than our own 
town of Clinton as it then stood. In the old town of Harrison was then included 



IIISTOHY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



a portion of what is now Clinton, and what now constitutes Chesterfield and 
Lenox. Clinton then comprised what is now Erin, Warren, Macomb and the balance 
of what is now Clinton, not then included in Harrison. 

The first election in this township was held at the Court House, in Mt. 
Clemens, and Job C. Smith was elected supervisor. The first supervisor of Har- 
rison was our old townsman, Dr. Henry Taylor, senior. The first session of the 
Board of Supervisors of this county, was held at Mt. Clemens, and Robert P. 
Eldredge was chosen as its clerk. The apportionment of the taxes of the year 
1827, cast upon this town the burden of raising the sum of $70.00, while Harri- 
son was compelled to contribute $80.00, Shelby $50.00, Ray $"28.37, and Washing- 
ton $70.00, a total for all purposes in the county of $298.37. 

The next year the total amount of taxes raised in this county, was $525.59, of 
which amount Clinton raised $117.88. A resolution of the Board at this time, was 
to the effect that the improved lands of Clinton and Harrison be valued at two 
dollars per acre, while the same lands in the other towns were valued at eight 
dollars per acre. 

Events in the history of our county transpiring subsequent to the year 1827, are 
preserved in the records of the County Clerk's office, at the county seat, and to that 
repository of our county legislation the curious reader may at anytime resort, 
and assuage his curiosity, or satisfy his thirst after knowledge of matters which 
are interesting to the statistician, but which do not form an interesting feature for 
the general reader. They are facts which bear more intimately upon the physical, 
economical and industrial advancement made by the people of the county. 



CHAPTER XVII. 

POLITICAL HISTORY. 

The interest manifested in public affairs by the people of Macomb becomes 
evident from a review of the General. State and County elections, an account of 
which is given in this chapter. For many years the political battle was carried on 
between the Democrat and Whig, with victory almost always attending the former. 
As times moved onward, new ideas sprang into existence, varying, as it were, 
political life, and urging the old politicians to advance in the paths of reform. At 
{>ne time a tendency existed to cast away the tyranny oi party, and give an untram- 
meled vote for the man. This tendency grows stronger with years. While 
acknowledging the gi-eat benefits conferred upon the Republic by the two great 
parties that claim to be President-makers, yet great numbers of the people are dis- 



*C ® s^ 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



satisfied ; they can not overlook the magnitude of the abuses which have entwined 
themselves with the present system, and which contribute to lessen that great name 
once belonging to the greatest and most perfect of governments. 

The adherents of party in this county have not been silent when reform was 
needed. They have scanned the course of their representatives with jealous eye, 
and rewarded or punished just in such measure as justice poiutetli, securing thereby 
a fair representation in the council of the Republic as well as in that of the State. 
Nativeism, sectionalism, know-nothingism and demouism, or religio-political big- 
otr3% appear to be on the margin of the grave ; some of the vices are already buried, 
but enough remain to cause some little disunion, if not disaffection, and so live 
to destroy what would be otherwise a magnificent solidarity of public peace and 
prosperity. Mercy, justice and patriotism require every corner of this land for 
tenancy, so that sectionalism and all its concomitant vices must yield — must give 
place to what is good and noble, and let peace rule the Republic forever. 

During the first years of the county's history, party bigotry was not acknowl- 
edged, but convention and caucus were held, the same as now, to select a man, 
not to serve his own or his party's interest, but that of the people. The first set- 
tlers were attached to tlie Jacksonian political school, because they saw in the old 
General one who held the Constitution of the United States above all else. When, 
in 1832, South Carolina assumed the right to ignore the laws of the United States, 
and to oppose the collection of the revenue, Gen. Jackson, then President, acted 
with his usual decision, aud told the South Carolinians that the Union must be 
preserved. He sent United States troops into that State, instructed the revenue 
collector at Charleston to perform his duty, and notified John C. Calhoun that he 
would be arrested on the committal of the first overt act against the law. TJiis 
decisive action, together with the terms of his proclamation, cemented, as it were, 
all political parties under one leader. " The power to annul a law of the United 
States," he says, '"is incompatible with the existence of the Union, contradicted 
expressly by the letter of the Constitution, unauthorized by its spirit, inconsistent 
with eveiy pi-inciple on which it is founded, and destructive to the great object for 
which it was formed. To say that any State may at pleasure secede from the 
Union, is to say that the United States are not a nation ; because it would be a 
solecism to contend that any part of the nation might dissolve its connection with 
the other part, to their injury or ruin, without committing any offence. * * * * 
The States severally have not retained their entire sovereignty. It has been shown 
that, in becoming parts of a nation, they surrendered many of their essential parts 
of sovereignty. The right to make treaties, declare war, levy taxes, exercise exclu- 
sive judicial and legislative powers, were all of them functions of sovereign power. 
The States, then, for all of these important purposes, were no longer sovereign. 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



* *. * * The duty imposed on me by the Constitution, to take care that the laws 
l)e faitiifully executed, sliall be performed to the extent of the powers vested in 
me by law." In this manner President Jackson instructed tlie South Carolinians 
in the principles of federal government, and in this manner, also, did he notify 
them of the intentions of the United States in the event of their persisting in the 
violation of any of its laws. 

In those olden times a man was chosen on his merits, and entrusted with the 
true representation of the people in the Legislature as well as in the Supervisor's 
Court. A reference to the election returns will prove this statement precise in 
every particular. Years rolled on, and still party lines remained unobserved. In 
1836 there was an apparent tendency to draw those lines closer ; but the effort was 
comparatively a weak one. Two years later, in 1838, the doctrine of abolition was 
received with evident marks of disapprobation in this county. In 1840 Abolition. 
and Liberty created some political excitement here ; but not sufficient to lead one 
to conclude that within a quarter of a century, this count}' would send forth thou- 
sands of private soldiers and officers to do battle for the principle, which it held so 
cheap in 1840. 

In 1841 James G. Birney was called from his quiet liome at Lower Saginaw to 
enter the political battlefield against Henry Clay on one ticket and James K. Polk 
on the other. Birney was enthusiastic, honest, and honorable. As a politician he 
lived before his time, and as a result did not occupy the Presidential Office. Ten 
j'ears later the greater number of those who followed the standard of the Liberty 
Party, acquiesced in the doctrine preached under the oaks at Jackson, and the 
" name and fame "' of the Sons of Liberty were henceforth embosomed in tliat party. 

Tlie American Party, organized immediately afterward, soon passed away. In 
this county, its impracticable, unjust, and unholy principles were stigmatized, and 
to the credit of the people, may it be said, entirely ignored. It was no more 
American in spirit, than was the Tea Tax and the other principles of its originators, 
which roused American manhood to cast off all connection with them. 

The contest between the humble Abraham Lincoln, and the noted Stephen A. 
Douglass, in 1860, was characteristically interesting. The result decided the 
fate of the slave-holding Southerners, and gave to the seventh decade of the nine- 
teenth century a nation of freemen — such an one as the Fathers of the Republic 
dreamed of — such an one as the world liad never hitherto known. 

In 1864 George B. McClellan opposed the great War President. The claims 
of the former were many and much appreciated ; but he who proclaimed the aboli- 
tion of slavery, from the highest seat in the Union, was destined to occupy that 
position, and would doubtless be elected and re-elected, had not the foul assassin 
snatched from him a life, then in the spring-time of its fame. 



^^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Horatio Seymour, a refined, enlightened Statesman, was nominated by tlie 
Democratic Party in 1868. The fortunate Grant was nominated by the Republican 
Part}'. Notwithstanding all the high qualifications for that office, which Mr. Sey- 
mour possessed, the man who cast thousands upon thousands of the best blood of 
the North, against the columns of the slave-holders deserved to be, and was elected. 
It were well for the famous General, if his political life ended in 1872; but it was 
not so ordered, evidently, in the destiny of the Republic. 

In 1872 Gen. Grant was renominated, to oppose Charles O'Connor on the Demo- 
cratic, and Horace Greeley on the Liberal-Republican tickets ; but the services of 
the soldier were too well remembered, and so the epauleted Grant was returned to 
the White House for a second term. 

In 1876 Samuel J. Tilden representing the Democrats, and R. B. Hayes, the 
Republicans, sought the favors of the people. The memory of that contest is too 
fresh to require further reference. Mr. Hayes reached the White House, and held 
it for four years. Owing to his quiet administration, and the return of prosperity, 
his party lost little ground, although many said the disputes and uncertainties of 
that election would militate against Republican success in 1880. 

The elections of 1880 were, perhaps, the most enthusiastic of all expressions of 
the popular will. Then was Greek opposed to Greek ; Gen. Hancock won distinc- 
tion on the battle fields of the .South, — his service was magnificent. Gen. Garfield 
had some little military experience ; but what was wanting in this respect, was fully 
made up in his knowledge of public economy and practical knowledge of every-day 
life. He was elected ; but who could then dream, that the new President would 
fall beneath the blow of an assassin, while yet his Cabinet was unorganized? 
Almost before he entered on the duties of his high office, he fell at the hands of an 
American, and from this fall he never rallied, until death ended his terrible suffer- 
ings. His death placed the Republic in mourning throughout its length and 
breadth. 

Vice-President Arthur assumed the Presidential Chair, and under him the 
troubles in the Senate were smoothed down, and the Nation allowed to resume its 
ways of progress. 

Thi-oughout the various political campaigns, from 1818 to the present time, the 
citizens of Macomb, have, as a rule, given a popular vote. Previous to 185-4, the 
county was decidedly Democratic. From 1851 to 1870 it may be said to have given 
the Republicans a majority; and since 1870 to the present time political power is so 
equally balanced that representatives of both parties sliare the confidence of the 
people. A desire has existed and does exist, to witness the victory of virtue over 
vice, and so far as such a laudable desire could be effected, the people were re- 
warded in their contests. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



COUNTY ELECTIONS. 

In the following pages the results of the various elections, so far as this county 
is concerned, are given. It is not to be presumed, however, that majorities given 
for candidates for the United States Congress, or for officers of State resulted in 
their election. The vote received in this county alone is only given, to learn who 
was elected, reference must be made to the State History. 

The county officers elected in 1818, 1820, 1822, and 1824 are named in the 
Organic Chapter. The election returns, with the names of candidates before the 
people of this county for the honor of office, are given from 1825 to the present time. 



1S25. 

Congress, 1S25.— Christian Clemens, 52 ; James 
Connor, 44; John Stockton, 63; Joseph Miller, 
57. These returns were certified to by Chris- 
tian Clemens, Chief Justice of the County of 
Macomb; Elisha Harrington, Associate Justice of 
Macomb ; Thomas Ashley and Nathaniel Squiers, 
Commissioners ; and William Meldrum, Sheriff. 

Countv commissioners, 1S25. — John S. Axford, 
30 ; Ezekiel Allen, 29 ; Joseph Hayes. 29. 

Treasurer, 1S25. — William M. Dannell, 10; 
Christian Clemens, 12. 

Coroner, 1823. — Harvey Cook, 22. 
Constables. 1825.— Daniel B. Webster, 24 ; Isaac 
Andrus, 27 ; Gideon Gates, 6. 
1826. 
missioners, 1826. — Alexander Tackles 
. Davis VF, 14. 

1S27. 
1827. — Ray Township: John Biddle, 
18; Austin E. Wing, 2 ; Benj. N. Truman, i. Clin- 
ton Township ; John Biddle, 31 ; Austin Wing, 6 ; 
Gabriel Richard, 7. Shelby Township : John Bid- 
dle, 15; Austin Wing, 26. Harrison Township: 
Gabriel Richard, -ai ; John Biddle, 9 ; Austin 
Wing, 45. Washington Township: John Biddle, 
34; Austin E. Wing, 24. 

Member Legislative council, 1827. — Clinton: 
John Stockton d., 40; Wm. A.Burt w., 2; John 
K. Smith, I ; Shelby: John Stockton d., 15 ; Wm. 
A. Burt w, 17. Ray; Wm. A. Burt w, 16; John 
Stockton d, y. Washington: Wm. A. Burt w, 40; 
John Stockton d, 30. Harrison : John Stockton, 
45. John Stockton received 139, and Wm. A.Burt 
75 votes. 



County con 
d, 50 ; Calvi 



Cong} 



Com; 



1829. — Harrison: Gabriel Richard, 89; 



John Biddle, 31 ; John R. Williams, 3. Wash- 
ington : Gabriel Richard, 13; John R. Williams, I; 
Christopher Arnold, i ; John Biddle, I. Clinton : 
John Biddle, Jg ; Gabriel Richard, 5; John R. 
Williams, I. Shelby: John Biddle, 37; Gabriel 
Richard, g. Ray : John Biddle, 35. 

Member Legislative council, i82g. — Harrison : 
John Stockton, 110; Wm. A. Burt, 13. Clinton: 
John Stockton, 14 ; Wm. A. Burt, 12. Shelby: John 
Stockton, 32; Wm. A. Burt w, 12. Washington: 
Wm. A. Burt, 73 ; John Stockton, 51. Desmond, 
St. Clair, Coltrellville: John Stockton, 83; Wm 
A. Burt, 97. Ray: Wm.A. Burt w, 29 ; John Stock- 
ton d, 5. 

County coroner, 1829. — Harvey Cook, Harrison, 
32 ; Washington, 84 ; Clinton, 44 ; Ray, 29 ; Shel- 
by, 2. 

Countv Treasurer, 1S29. — Harrison: Ezekiel Al- 
len, 34 ; John S. .'Vxford, 4. Washington: Ezekiel 
Allen. iS ; John S. Axford, S3. Clinton: John S. 
Axford, 25 ; Ezekiel Allen, 39. Ray : Ezekiel Al- 
len. 4 ; John S. Axford, 26. Shelby, John S. Ax- 
ford, 23 ; Ezekiel Allen, 8. After the election of 
1829, Mr. Burt became a Democrat, and observed 
the principles of that party ftntil his death in 1858. 
1831. 

Congress, 1831. — Clinton : John R. Williams, 40; 
Sam. W. Dexter, 27 ; Austin E. Wing, 44. Ray : 
Austin E. Wing, i ; John F. Williams, 5 ; Sam. W. 
Dexter, 31. Washington: Sam. W. Dexter, 100; 
Austin E. Wing, 36 ; John R. Williams, 22. Harri- 
son : John R. Williams, 69; Austin E. Wing, 57 ; 
Sam W. Dexter, 3. Shelby : Sam. W. Dexter, 49 ; 
Austin E. Wing, 16; John R. Williams, 5. 

Member Legislative council, 1831. — -St. Clair 
John Stockton, 91 ; Alfred Ashley, 89. Washington 
Alfred Ashley, 122 ; John Stockton, 40. Clinton 



^^ 



riv 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



t>L. 



John Stockton, 54; Alfred Ashley, 57. Ray: Al- 
fred Ashley, 41; John Stockton, 25. Harrison: 
Alfred Ashley, 10; John Stockton, 121. Shelby: 
Alfred Ashley, 49 ; John Stockton, 36. 
•1832. 

l't>/c- on expediency of State Government, October 
22, 1832. — Ray Township 33 yes, 2 no; Shelby 
Township 43 yes, 27 no ; Harrison Township I yes, 
60 no ; Washington Township 45 yes, 9 no. 

County Treasurer 1832. — Shelby; Hiram Calkins 
49 ; Ezra B. Throop, ig. Ray : Ezra B. Throop, o; 
Hiram Calkins, 46. Harrison : Hiram Calkins, I ; 
Ezra B. Throop, 76. Washington : Ezra B. Throop, 
19; Hiram Calkins, gg. 

Coroner, 1832.— Shelby : Anthony King, 28 ; Ray : 
46; Harrison : 12 ; Washington : 43. 

1833- 

Congress, 1833. — Austin E. Wing, 36 ; Wm. Wood- 
bridge, 220 ; Lucius Lyon, 259. 

Members Legislative council, 1833. — Ralph Wad- 
hams d, 249 ; John Stockton d, 402. 

1835. 

Treasurer.— U. H. Cady d., 499; Syl. T. At- 
wood w., 278. 

Coroner. — Harvey Cook d., 497 ; Lyman T. Jenny, 
260. 

Registrar. — John Stockton d., 487 ; Richard But- 
ler w, 271 ; Rodney O'Cooley, 12. 
1S36. 

Probate Judge.— Vrescolt B. Thurston w, 288 ; 
Christian Clemens d, 146 ; Calvin Davis d, 201. 

Associate Judges. — Ebenezer Hall w, 164 ; Samuel 
S. Axford d, 550 ; Horace Stevens d, 487 ; Minot T. 
Lane, 78. 

Sheriff. — Abram Freeland d, 507 : Daniel Chand- 
ler w, 109 ; Orison Sheldon w, 18. 

County clerk. — Amos Dolby d, 447 ; Aaron 
Weeks w, 20; Prescott B. Thurston w, 119 ; Benj. 
M. Freeland d, 2. ' 

Registrar. — Amos Dolby d, 245 ; James Brown 
w, 107 ; G. W. Knapt d, 205 ; Gideon Gates w, 92 ; 
Prescott B. Thurston w, 9: Richard Butler w, i. 

Treasurer. — Rodney O. Cooley d, 516; Wm. A. 
Burt d, 5 ; Aaron Weeks w, 102. 

Coroners. — William Olds d, 635 ; Harry B. Teed 
d. 337 ; Benj. N. Freeman w, 79 ; Norman Perry w, 
168. 

County surveyors. — Joel W. Manly d, 436 ; Wm. 
A. Burt d, 192. 



Presidential Electors. — David C. McKinstry, 397 ; 

Daniel Le Roy, ; Wm. H. Hoag, ; Wol- 

cott Lawrence, 44; William Draper ; Wm. H. 

Walsh, . 

Sci!ators.-]3.coh Summers d, 536 ; William Draper, 
w, 89 ; Thomas J. Drake w, 35 ; Randolph Manning 
d, 414 ; John Clarke d, 408. 

Representatives. — Isaac Munfore d, 679 ; Tinus 
S. Gilbert vv, 23S ; William Canfield d, 134 ; Ephraim 
Calkins d, 547 ; Alfred Goodell d, 28S. 

1S37. 

Governof, 1S37. — Charles C. Trowbridge w, 633; 
Stevens T. Mason d, 426; Ed. D. Ellis — , 88. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1837. — Daniel S. Bacon w, 
607 ; Edward Mundy d, 421 ; John Biddle w, 138. 

Senafois, 1S37. — S. V. R. Trowbridge w, 617; 
Thomas J. Drake w, 629; Elijah F. Cook d, 469; 
John Barton d. 463. 

Representatives, 1S37. — Richard Butler vv, 6l6 ; 
Orison Sheldon w, 6o3 ; Caleb Wilber w, loi ; 
Minot T. Lane w, 602 ; Robert P. Eldredge d, 488 ; 
Ephraim Calkins d, 371 ; Alfred Goodell d, 472; 
Isaac J. Grovier d, 47 ; Calvin Davis d, 39 ; Alex- 
ander Tackles d, 42. 

Congress, 1837. — Isaac E. Crary d, 265 ; Heze- 
kiah G. Wells w, 275. 

183S. 

Congress, 1S3S. — Isaac E. Crary d, 704; Heze- 
kiah G. Wells w, 610. 

State senators, 1S38. — Jacob Summers d, 677 ; 
Ebenezer B. Harrington d, 671 ; Reuben R. Smith 
w. 611 ; Ira Porter w, 623. 

Representatives, 1838. — Isaac J. Grovier d, 693 
Samuel Axford d, 661 ; Alexander Tackles d, 678 
Richard Butler w, 565 ; Henry R. Schetterly d, 590 
Ornon Archer w, 536 ; Minot T. Lane w, 45 ; Hiram 
Sherman w, 3 ; James L. Conger w, 25. 

Sheriff', 1838. — Calvin Davis d, 706 ; Orson Shel- 
don w, 595 ; Henry M. Dodge d, I. 

County commissioners, 183S. — Sanford H. Corbin 
d, 692 ; Ephraim Calkins d, 720 ; Solomon Porter 
d, 673 ; Ebenezer Hall vv, 582 ; Payne K. Leech w, 
611; Azariah W. Sterling w, 613; Capt. Bachelor, 
I ; Richard Butler, i. 

Registrar of Deeds, 1838. — Thomas R. Bourne w, 
585 ; Amos Dalby d, 719. 

County clerk, 1S38. — Amos Dalby d, 745 ; Calvin 
S. Williams vv, 557. 

Coroners, 1S38. — William Lewis d, 696 ; Alfred 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Goodell d, 6S9 ; Isaac Russ w, 5gS ; Linus S. Gil- 
bert w, 601 ; Ebenezer Hall. i. 

County surveyor, 183S. — Joel W. Manley d, 7S5 ; 
Orrin Southwell. 4S0. 

County Treasuiet. Henry M. Dodge d, 689 ; Nor- 
man Perry w, 610. 

1839- 

Governor, 1839. — William Woodbridge w, Soy ; 
Elon Farnsworth d, 7S6. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1839. — James W. Gordon vv, 
807; Thomas Fitzgerald d, 783. 

Senator, 1839.— Robert ^- Eldredge d, S19; Jus- 
tin Rice w, 735. 

Representatives, 1839. — Dewitt C. Walker d, 797 ; 
Samuel Axford d, 792 ; John Stockton d, 789 ; 
Azariah W. Sterling w, 762 ; Hiram Andrews w, 
761 ; James L. Conger w, 723 ; Alexander D. 
Thurston d, i ; Dexter Mussey w, i ; P. B. Thurs- 
ton w, I ; Richard Butler w, 2; Ebenezer Hall w, 
2; Dr. E. Hall w, I. 

County commissioners. 1839. — Ephraim Calkins 
d, S08; Payne K. Leach w, 718: R. Butler,, i. 

Constitutional Amemhnent, 1839. — For amend- 
ment, 266 ; against amendment, 453. 

Court-House Loan, 1S39. — For the loan, 242; 
against the loan, 1,024. 

1840. 

PresiJcntial Electors, 1840. — Charles Moran d, 
Kinsley S.Bingham d, Charles E. Stuart d, :r24; 
Thomas J. Drake w, John Van Fo<;sen w, Hezekiali 
G. Wells w, 9S2. 

Congress, 1840. — Alpheus Felch d, H39 ; Jacob 
M. Howard w, 973; Asa Avers w, i ; Richard But- 
ler w, I ; Gardner D. Williams w, i. 

Senator, 1S40. — James L. Conger w, 9S5 ; Dewitt 
C. Walker w, 1121. 

Representatives, 1S40. — John Stockton d. 1156; 
Gurden C. Leech d, 1122; Josiah Lee d, 1128; 
Wm. Henry Warren w, 947; Hiram Andrews w. 
973 ; Minot T. Lane w, 971. 

Sheriff, 1840 — Lyman B. Price d, 1137; .■\zariah 
W. Sterling w. 975. 

Judge of Probate, 1840.— Peter S. Palmer d, 
•1128 ; Prescott B. Thurston w, 982. 

Treasurer, :840. — Henry M. Dodge d, I150; 
Joseph Hubbard w, 963. 

Comity clerk, 1840. — Orson Sheldon w, 943; Anios 
Dalby d, 1163. 



County Registrar, 1840. — Orson Sheldon w, 942 ; 
Amos Dalby d, 1162. 

County Juilges, 1840. — Azariah Prentis d, 11 14; 
Hiron Hathaway d, 1139; Ebenezer Hall w, 974 ; 
Justin H. Butler w, 974. 

Coroners, 1840. — Daniel Shattuck d, 1140; Masin 
Harris d, 1 137; Solomon Lathrop w, 975; Valorous 
Maynard w, 972. 

Surveyors, 1S40. — Joel W. Manley d, 1168; Joseph 
Cole, 940. 

County commissioners. — Neil Gray d, 1:26; Wm. 
M. Willey, 976. 

1S41. 

Governor, 1S4T. — John S. B.irry d, 1033 '. Thilo 
C. Fuller w, 660; Jnbez S. Fitch, 7. 

Lieutenant-Governor. 1840. — Origen D. Richard- 
son d, 1030; Edmund B. Bostwick w, 661. 

.Senators, 1841. — Jonathan Shearer d, I0I2 ; Ly- 
man Granger d, 1014 ; Joshiah Snow w, 678 ; Syl- 
vester Warner w. 663. 

Representatives, 1841. — Charles B. H. Fessenden 
d, 994; Hiron Hathaway d. 982; Richard Butler 
w, 705 ; Geo. Perkins w, 640. 

County commissioners, 1841. — Henry Teats d, 
1027 ; Alfred Ashley w, 625. 

Jiiifye of Probate, 1S41, to fill Vacancy. — Pres- 
cott B. Thurston w, 425; Porter Kibbee d, 437; 
Charles B. H. Fessenden d, 237. 

1842. 

Senators, 1842. — Jonathan Shearer d, 809; Neil 
Gr.ay, Sr., d, 775 ; John Biddle w. 635 ; Minot T. 
Lane w, 658 ; Harvey .S. Bradley w, 46 ; Neil 
Gray. 40. 

Representatives, 1 842. — Samuel Axford d, 846 
Horace H. Cady d, 797 ; Richard Butler w, 692 
Solomon Lathrop w, 605 ; Linus F. Gilbert f s, 33 
Chauncey Church f s, 40. 

Sheriff, 1842.— .^mos B. Cooley d, 816: Joseph 
Hubbard w, 597 ; Thomas L. Sackett f s, 44. 

Treasurer, 1842, — Thomas M. Perry d, S05 ; 
Prescott B. Thurston w, 677 ; Humphrey Shaw, 40; 
Asa B. Ayres, i. 

Registrar of recti s. 1842. — Amos Dalby d, 954 
Almerin Tinker w, 549 ; Norton L. Miller, 40. 

County clet k, 1842. — Amos Dalby d, 975; Norton 
S. Miller w, 56S. 

County Surveyor, 1S42. — Joel W. Manley d, 946 ; 
CoUatinus Day w, 573. 

County coroner, 1842. — Josiah Lee d, 8gi; Daniel 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



4A 



Shattuck d, Sgo ; Benj. T. Castle w. 6io; David 
Stone w, 606; John Sowle f s, 34; Samuel H. 
Miller f s, 40. 

1843. 

Governor, 1843. — John S. Barry d, SSg; Zina 
Pitcher w, 594; James G. Birney f s, 72. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1S43. — Origen D. Richard- 
son d, S72 ; James B. Larne w. 590 ; Luther F. 
Stevens, 71. 

Congress, 1843. — James B. Hunt d, S93 ; Thomas 
J. Drake w, 487; William Canfield f s, 66. 

Senators, 1843. — Lorenzo M. Mason d, 839; True 
P. Tucker w, 656. 

Con. Ret<reseniatives, 1843 — Dewitt C. Walker d, 
7S8 ; Philo Tillson d, S6g ; James L. Conger w, 702; 
Wm. A. Burt w, 587 ; James H. Green 56 ; Chaun- 
cey Church. 57. 

Constitutional Amendments of 1S42 submitted, 
1S43. — For Amendment, 1069. Against Amend- 
ment, 79. 

1844- 

Presidential Electors, 1844 — Parley J. Spalding d, 
Louis Beaufait d, Charles P. Bush d, 1359; George 
Readfield d, Samuel Axford d, JohnBiddle d, Cogs- 
well K. Greene d, James L. Conger d, Morton H. 
Beckvvith \v. Darius C. Jackson w, 964; Arthur L. 
Porter f s. Chandler Carter f s, John W. King f s, 
Erastus Hussey f s, Chester Gurney I s 140. 

Congtess,\%\\ — James B. Hunt d, 1367 ; George 
W. Wisner w, 977 ; William Canfield a, 116. 

Senators, 1S44 — Abner C. Smith d, 1313; William 
Hale d, 1362 ; Richard Butler w, 1013 ; Henry B. 
Holbrook w, 964 ; James H.Green a, 114; Rufus 
Thayer, Jr. a, 118. 

Constitutional Amendments submitted to the people 
1844 — For amendments, 1257 ; against, 143. 

Representatives, 1844 — Harlehigh Carter d, 1254 ; 
Calvin Davis d, 134S ; Henry D. Terry w, 1025 ; 
Dexter Mussey w, looi ; Pliny Corbin f w s, loS ; 
Chauncy Church f w s. 113 ; Charles Chappel, 6. 

County sheriff, 1844 — John G. Dixon d, 13S3 ; 
Payne K. Leach w, 948 ; James H. Rose a, I2t. 

County clerk, 1S44 — Amos Dalby d, 1390 ; 
Norton L. Mdler w, 943 ; Carlton Sabin a, 116. 

Registrar of Deeds 1844 — Henry Teats d, 1376 , 
Norton L. Miller w, 951 ; Carlton Sabin a, n6. 

County Treasurer, 1844 — Thomas M. Perry d, 
1374 ; Elias Scott w, 962 : Humphrey Shaw a, 120. 



Jud'^e of Probate, 1844 — Porter Kibbee d, 1359; 
John J. Leonard w, 953 ; Humphrey Shaw a, 117. 

Associate Judges, 1844 — Alexander Tackles d, 
1361 ; Jacob Summers d, 1331 ; Hiram Andrews w, 
967 ; Solomon Lathrop w, 967 ; James McKay a, 
117 ; Hiram Granger a, 120. 

Coroners, 1844 — Abram Freeland d, 1334 ; William 
"T. Little d, 1375 ; Linus S. Gilbert w, 967 ; William 
Stevens w, 963; John Soules a, 117; Jeremiah 
Sabin a, 118. 

County surveyor, 1844 — Charles F. Mallary d, 
1305 ; Collatinus Day w, gi6 ; Joel W. Manley 223. 

1S45. 

Governor. 1S45— Alphpus Felch d, 7S8 ; Stephen 
Vickory w, 559 ; James G. Berney a, 136. 

Lieutenant-Governor , 1845 — William L. Greenly 
H, 787 ; John M. Lamb w, 560 ; Nathan M. Thomas 
a, 133. 

Senators, 1845 — Gel Rix d, S07 ; Morgan Bates w, 
551 ; William Canfield a, 120. 

Representatives, 1845 — Dewitt C. Walker d, 709; 
Chauncey G. Cady d. 674 ; Payne K. Leach, jr. w, 
696 ; Linus S. Gilbert w, 607 ; Humphrey Shaw w, 
no ; William A. Chapman, 22t. 

Messrs. Cady and Gilbert were declared elected ; 
but lost such seats on account of the Committee on 
Elections deciding that the votes given for C. G. 
Cady could not be counted for Chauncey G. Cady. 

1846. 

Congress. 1846 — Kingsley S. Bingham d, S77 ; 
George W. Wisner w, 708 , William Canfield a, 126. 

Senators, 1846 — Robert P. Eldridge d, 754; 
Andrew T. McReynolds, d, 732 ; Andrew T. 
McReynolds d, 58; John E. Schwartz w, 613 ; John 
E Schwartz d, 149 ; Jacob M. Howard w, 691 ; Eben 
J. Perrinman, 687 ; Linus S. Gilbert. 651 ; Silas M. 
Holmes, 123; Wm. S. Gregory, 118; Jeremiah 
Sabin, 120. 

Representatives, 1S46 — Jacob Shooke d, 900 
Lyman B. Price d, S37 ; Alfred Goodell d, 764 
Hiram Sherman w, 697 ; George W. Merrill w, 71 1 
Giles Hubbard w, 730; Robert McKay a, 126 
Daniel Chandler a, 116 ; Nathaniel Carter a, 122. 

County sheriff, 1846. — John G. Dixon d, 757; 
Varnum Lufkin w, Sio; Humphrey Shaw a, in. 

County clerk, 1846. — Thomas J. Rutler d, 737; 
Robert Thompson w, 838, James Vaughn a, 114. 

County Treasurer, 1846. — Thomas M. Perry d. 



HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



_®|^ 



825; Norman Perry w. 746; John R. Tyson a, 117. 
Seath Brannock, I. 

A\xh-lrar of Dffds, 1S46.— Henry Teats d, 840. 
Orin Freeman w, 721; Mason Cole a, loS. 

Jml^e of rouiity court, 1846.— Robert P. EI- 
dredge d. 720, John J. Leonard w, 777; William 
Canfield a, 120. 

Second Judge Co. court, 1846,— Charles Marble 
Jr. d, 848; Isaac B. Gilbert w, 705; Pliny Corbin a, 
llg; Charles Marble d, 27. 

County coroners, 1846. — Asa R. Mosher d, 823; 
Geo. W. Corey d, S72; Thomas F. Dryer w, 705; 
Asa. M. Harris w, 6gg; Daniel Flagler w, ng; 
Joseph T. Foster a, ilg. 

County surveyor, 1846. — Charles F. Mallory d, 
765; Joel W. Manley d, 225; Ludwig Wessalouski 
w, 2; Orson Inglesbee w, 544. 
1847. 

Governor, 1847. — James M. Edmunds w. 670; 
Epaphroditus Ransom d, g72; Chester Gurney a, 

39- 

Lieutenant-Governor 1847. — Hiram L, Miller w, 
677; William M. Fenton d, g67; Horace Hallock a, 

39- 

Senators, 1847. — Eber. Ward w, 675; Jacob M. 
Howard w, 67g; Geo. R. Griswold d. g7r; Charles 
A. Loomis d, g70; William Gregory a, 23; Jeremiah 
Sabin a, 24. 

Representatives. 1847. — Henry D. Terry vv, S46 
Geo. W. Merrill w, 684; Hiram Sherman w, 680 
John B. St. John d, 982; Minot T. Lane d, gio 
Aldis L. Rich d, 787. 

1848. 

Presidential Electors, 1S4S.— John S. Barry d, 1340; 
Lorenzo. M. Mason d, 1340; Rix Robinson d, 1340; 
Horace C. Thirbur d, 1340; William T. Howell d, 
1340. Jacob M. Howard w, 855; Hezekiah G. 
Wells w. 855; Henry Waldron w, S55; Henry B. 
Lathrop w, S55; Hiram L. Miller w, 855. F. J. 
Littlejohn 204; James F. Joy 204; I. V. Christiancy 
204; S. B, Treadwell 204; Wm. Gilmour 204. 

Congress, 1848. — Kinsley S. Bingham d, 1237, 
Geo. H. Hazleton w, 891; John M. Lamb a, 15S. 

Senators, 1848.— Titus Dort d, 1328; Jacob Sum- 
mers d, 1276; William Woodbridge w, 1080; Wm. 
M. Campbell w, 1068. 

Representatives, 1848. — Israel Curtiss d, I32g; 
Chauncey G. Cady d, 1326; James Flower d, I24g; 
Giles Hubbard w, 973; Albert E. Leete w, gog; 



Alvin L. Gilbert w, 8g7 ; Joseph Ayres a, 177; 
Dan'l Chandler a, 177; Jeremiah Sabin a, i6g. 

Judge of Probate, 1848. — Lyman B. Price d, 
1 184; Prescott B. Thurston w, 1188. 

County sheriff, 1848. — Milo Selleck d, 1137; 
Varnum Luf kin w, 1004 ; W. R. Blakeman, 214. 

County cletk, 184S. — Ira Stout d, 1350; Orin 
Freeman w, 876; Harlow Green a, 175. 

County Treasurer, 1848. — Allen P. Bentley d, 
1294; Robert Thompson w, 934; James Alexander 

a, 173- 

Registrar of Deeds, 1848. — Richard Butler w, 
940; Robert H. Wallace d, 125S; Joseph D. Gilbert 
187. 

Associate Judges, 1848.— Alfred Ashley w, 702 ; 
Hiram Andrews w, 704. 

County coroners, 1S48.— Abraham Freeland d, 
1154; Moses T. Smith d, 1146; Elon Andrus w, 
815; Aratus Smith w, 7gg. 

County surveyor, 1848.— Charles F. Mallary d, 
1 164; Justus R. Crandall w, 783; Joel W. Manley a, 

183. 

iS4g. 

Governor, 18 19.— John S. Barry d,_li76 ; Flavins 
J. Littlejohn, 748. 

Lieutenant-Governor, iS4g. — William M. Fenton 
d, 1 177 ; George A. Coe, 773. 

i'/rt^f /'"■«'«•, i84g.— Rensselaer Ingals, 1175; 
Hubbard H. Duncklee, 765- 

Senators, 1849.— Joseph T. Copeland d, 1161 : 
Andrew Harvie d, 1175; Daniel Pittman w, 765 ; 
True P. Tucker w, 751. 

Representatives, 1849.— John Stockton d, 1098; 
Ilarlehigh Carter d, 997 ; Cortez P. Hooker d, 
1 172; Richard Butler w, 6S9; Chauncey Church w, 
751 ; Alvin L. Gilbert w, 778. 

Constitutional Amendment suhmitted to the Peo- 
ple. 1849.— For the Amendment, 131 1 ; against the 
Amendment, II. 

]'ote on calling a convention to make a general 
revision of the constitution, l84g.— For the Conven- 
tion, 1 106 ; against, 126. 

1S50. 

Delegates to convention, June 1850.— Pewitt C. 
Walker d, 6g2 ; Charles W. Chappel d, 663 ; An- 
drew S. Robertson d, 669; Hiron Hathaway d, 
696 ; Payne K. Leach w, 442 ; Alonzo A. Goodman 
w, 437; Alvin L.Gilbert w, 427; Dexter Mussey 
w, 442. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



fcv 



yudgi's of the supreme court, 1850. — Warner 
Wing d, 1315 ; Sandford M. Green d, 1301 ; Abner 
Pratt d, 1300 ; Henry Chipman w, 868 ; Samuel H. 
Kimball w, 858 ; Charles Draper w, 860. 

Auditor General, 1850. — John Swegles, Jr. d, 
1315 ; Elisha P. Chapman w, 836 ; S. J. M. Ham- 
mond a, 23. 

State Treasurer, 1S50. — Bernard C. Whittemore 
ti. 1315; James Birdsall w, 836; Delemer Duncan 
pro, 22. 

Secretary of state, 1850. — Charles H. Taylor d, 
I3r4; George Martin w, 837; Joseph Chudsey a, 
24- 

A ttoniey Genera/, iSso. — William Hale d, 1319 ; 
Austin Blair w, 856. 

Superintendent Public Instruction, 1850. — Francis 
W. .Shearman d, 1319 ; Samuel Barston w, 839; 
Dewitt C. Leech a, 22. 

Senators. 1850. — Titus Dort d, 1307 ; Henry C. 
Kibbee d, 1202; Payne K. Leach w, 915; F. Liv- 
ingstone w, 848. 

Congress, 1S50. — James L. Conger w, Illg ; 
Charles C. Hascall d, 944 ; Kingsley S. Bingham a, 
10. 

Representatives, 1850. — David Shook d, 1 192; 
George Chandler d, 1302; Sanford \\. Corbin d, 
ll92;Alonzo A. Goodman w, 944; H. Burke w, 
S5S : Aratus Smith w, 929. 

Prosecuting Attorney, 1850. — Dewitt C. Walker 
d, 1018 ; Giles Hubbard w, 1118. 

County Judge, 1850.— Abner C. Smith d, 1 138 ; 
John J. Leonard \v, 997. 

Second county Judge, \?:%o. — Samuel P. Canfield 
d. 1252; Hiram Andrus w, 889. 

County sheriff, 1850. — Walter Porter d 1242; 
John H. Kaple w, 904. 

County cletk, 1850. — Theron Cudworth d, 1246 ; 
E. L. Freeman w. 874. 

Registrar of Deeds, 1850.— Robert H. Wallace d, 
1263 ; Charles A. Lathrop w, 895. 

County Treasurer, 1850. — Allen P. Bentley d, 
125 1 ; Justus R. Crandrall w, S89. 

County su>-ryor, 1850. — Harvey Mellen d, 998 ; 
Ludwig Wesolouski w, 1161. 

County coroners, 1850. — Ira Spencer d, 1207 ; 
David H. Brown d, 1252 ; William A. Edwards w, 
904 ; Orson Ingoldsby w, 901. 

Constitutional Amendments, 1850. — For the 
Amendments, 1294 ; against, 582. 



Suffrage to colored Persons. 1S50.— For suffrage, 
448 ; against, 1375. 

1851. 

Governor, 1851. — Robert McClellan d, 776; 
Townsend E. Gridley w, 386. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1S51. — Calvin Britain d, 
774 ; George H. Hazleton w, 3S7 ; Gabriel Yates 
— 2. 

Circuit Judge, 1 85 1.— Joseph T. Copeland d, 
1244 ; Moses Wisner w, 923 ; Origin D. Richardson 
d, 10. 

Regent of the University, 1851.— Charles H. 
Palmer d, 1413 : Marcus H. Miles w, 756. 

1852. 

Presidential Electors, 1852. — John S. Barry d, 
1634 ; Wm. McCauley d, 1635 ; John Stockton d, 
1633 ; Daniel I. Campau d, 1S34 ; Salmon Sharpe d, 
1096 ; Abraham Edwards d, 1634 ; John Owens w, 
1058 ; George A. Coe w, 1059 ; Townsend E. Grid- 
ley d, 1060 ; Daniel S. Bacon w, 1059 ! Alex. H. 
Morrison w, 1060 ; Wm. M. Thompson w, 1060 ; 
Chester Gurney a, 509 ; Horace Hallock a, 509 ; 
S. B. Treadwell a, 509 ; Robert R. Beecher a, 509 ; 
Nathan M. Thomas a, =109 ; Dewitt C. Leach a, 
509. 

Congress, 1852. — Hester L.Stevens d, 1631 ; Geo. 
Bradley w, 1 124 ; Ephraim Calkins a, 424. 

Senator, 1852. — John S. Smith d, 1590 ; Ira H; 
Butteifield w, 1176 ; Levi W. Stone a, 412. 

Governor, 1S52.— Robert McClellan d, 164S ; 
Zachariah Chandler w, iioo ; Isaac P. Christiancy 
a. 449- 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1852. — Andrew Parsons d, 
1665 ; David S. Walbridge w, 918 ; Erastus Hussey 

a, 474- 

Secretary of state, 1S52. — William Graves d, 
1656 ; Geo. E. Pomeroy w, 1069 ; Francis Denison 
a. 479- 

Auditor General, 1S52. — John .Swegles d, 1653 . 
Whitney Jones w, 1071 ; William Wheeler a, 419. 

State Treasurer, 1852. — Bernard C. Whittemore 
d, 1657 ; Sylvester Abel w, 1066 ; Silas M. Holmes 
a, 478. 

Attorney General, \?ic,z. — William Hale d, 1651; 
Nathaniel Bacon w, 1073 ; Hovey K. Clark a, 477. 

Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1852. — 
Francis W. Shearman d, 1654 ; Joseph Penney w, 
1066 ; Upton T. Howe a, 482. 

Commissioner state Land Office, 1852. — Porter 



~a "V 






316 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Kibbee d, 1677; Jonathan R. White w, 1033; 
Nathan Power a, 482. 

Sfii/t- Board of Educai'uni, 1S52. — Isaac E. Ciavy, 
d, 1522 ; Gideon O. Whittemore d, 1520 ; Chauncy 
Toslyn d, 1522 ; Joseph R. Williams w, 965 ; Syl- 
vester Lamed w, 965 ; George Spencer, 79 ; James 
A. B. Stone, 441 ; Edwin B. Fairfield, 440 ; Enoch 
M. Bartlett, 441 ; Grove Spencer w. 884. 

Representatives, 1852. — Samuel P. Canfield d, 
5 58 ; William Jenny w, 526 ; Arnold Hardwood w, 
i; Oliver Adams w, 500 ; Arnold Hardwood w, 
igg ; William Jenny w, 14 • L. I. Wicker a, 217 ; 
Wm. A. Burt d, 504 ; Hiram Calkin w, 281. 

Judge of Probate. 1852.— Harlehigh Carter d, 
136S ; Prescott B. Thurston w, 1459 ; Robert Mc- 
Kay f s, 345. 

Cireuil court coiiitnissiouers. 1852. — Andrew S. 
Robertson d, 1645'; Prescott B. Thurston w. 1256. 

Coitntv sheriff — Thomas Goldy d, 1518; Tru- 
man R. Andrews w, 1162 ; James Alexander a, 437. 

County clerk, 1852.— John S. Fletcher d, 1654 ; 
Charles Andrews w, 1058 ; Carlton Sabin a, 428. 

Prosecuting Attorney, 1852. — Abner C. Smith d, 
1434 : Giles Hubbard w, 1442. 

Ref^islrar of Deeds, 1852. — John T. Traver d, 
1517; Robert Thompson w, 1214; Henry C. Ed- 
gerly a, 440. 

County Treasurer. 1852. — Joshua B. Dickenson 
d, 1660 ; Justus R. Crandall w, 1034 ; David 
Chandler a. 481. 

County surveyor, 1852. — George E. Adair d, 
1446; Ludwig Wesaloiiski w, 1253 ; Austin Burt a. 
467. 

County coroners. — Abraham Freeland d, 1624 ; 
David 11. Brown d, 1635 ; Jacob P. Davis w, 1056 ; 
Lewis Drake w, 1054 ; Herman Palmerlee a, 469 ; 
Ed. I. Wooley a, 468. 

1S54. 

Governor, 1854, — John S. Barry d, 1509; Kings- 
ley S. Bingham r, 1349. 

Lieutenant-Governor 1854. — William A. Rich- 
mond d, 1500; Geo. A. Coe r, 1328. 

Secretary of state, 1S54.— William L. Bancroft d, 
1500; John McKenny r, 1363. 

Auditoi General, 1&S4- — John Svvegles d, 1499; 
Whitney Jones r, 1365. 

State Treasurer, 1854. — Deraslus Hinman d,i4g6; 
Silas M. Holmes r, 1368. 



Attorney General, 1854.— Benj. T. H. Witheral d, 
1479; Jacob M. Howard r, 1362. 

Sup. Pull. Instruction, 1S54. — Francis W. Shear- 
man d, 1497 ; Ira Mahew r, 1360. 

Cojnmissioner state Lands. 1854. — Allen Good- 
rich d, 1501; S. B. Treadwell r, 1364. 

State Board of Education, 1854. — Chauncey Jos- 
lyn d, 1499; John R. Kellogg r, 1366; Elijah H. 
Belcher d, 1498 ; Hiram L. Miller r, 1367. 

Congress, 1854. — Geo. W. Peck d, 1495; Moses 
Wisner r, 1 372. 

Senator, 1854. — Cortez P. Hooker d, 1429; Wm. 
Canfield r, 1416. 

Representatives, 1854. — Hiron Hathaway d, 628 ; 
Isaac Gilbert r, 439 ; John L. Beebe r, 12 ; Philander 
Ewell d, 512 ; John L. Bebee r, 309; Hiron Hath- 
away d, 13; Wm. A. Burt d, 324; Dexter Mussey 
r, 60S. 

Circuit court commissioners, 1S54. — Abner C. 
Smith d, 1595 ; Prescott B. Thurston w, 1448. 

Sheriff. 1854.— Thomas Golby d, 1472; Elisha 
Calkins r, 1 347. 

County clerk, 1854. — Perrin Crawford d, 1534; 
Alvin L. Gilbert r, 1324. 

Prosecuting Attorney, 1854. — Harlehigh Carter d, 
1301 ; Giles Hubbard r, 1492. 

Registrar of Deeds. 1854. —John Traver d, 1524; 
John D. Standish r, 1311. 

County Treasurer, 1854. — Joshua B. Dickinson d, 
14S7; Thomas L. Sackett r, 1344. 

County surveyor, 1854. — George E. Adair d 
1492; Austin Burt r, 1363. 

County coroners. 1854. — Israel Curtiss d, 1492; 
D. H. Brown d, 1499; Herman Palmerlee r, 1367; 
Andred I. Heath r, 1368. 

1S56. 

Presidential Electors. 1856. — Michael Shoemaker, 
d, 1,845; Jonathan ^- l'^i"g d, 1,846; Robert Crouse 
d, 1,846; David A. Noble d, 1,846; John C. Blan- 
chard d, 1,846 ; Dewitt C. Walker d, 1,844; F- C. 
Beaman r, 2,210; Harmon Chamberlain r, 2,210; 
Chauncy H. Miller r, 2,210; Oliver Johnson r, 
2210; William H. Withey r, 2,210; William J. 
Drake r, 2,210; Rodney C. Paine, 30; Peter R. 
Adams, 30 ; H. W. Wells, 30 ; John V. Lyons, 30 ; 
Geo. W. Perkins, 30; Abram B. Covell. 

Congress, 1856.— Dewitt C. Leech r, 2,217 J Geo. 
W. Peck d, 1861. 

Represeritatives, 1856. — Thomas M. Crocker d, 



^ 



HISTORY OF JIACOMB COUNTY. 



667; Alonzo A. Goodman r, S27 ; William Brow- 
nell d, 610 ; Geo. Moorhouse r, 590 ; Dexter Mus- 
sey r. 866 ; Dewitt C. Walker d, 4S2. 

Governor, 1S56 — Kingsley S. Bingham r, 2,205 . 
Alpheus Felch d, 1,872. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1856 — Geo. A. Coe r. 2.217; 
Edwin H. Lathrop d, 1,867. 

Secretary oj slate, 1856 — John McKenny r, 2,- 
217; F. H. Steven.s d, 1867. 

Auditor General, 1856.^ — David B. Dennis d, 
1,867; AY hltney Jones r, 2,215. 

Stale Treasurer, 1856.— Robert W. Davis d, 1,867; 
S. M. Holmes r, 2,215. 

Attorney General, \%^t>. — Amos Gould d, 1,864; 
Jacob M. Howard r, 2,215. 

Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1S56. — F. 
W. Shearman d, 1,864 ; Ira W. Mayhew r, 2,218. 

Commissioner state Land Office, 1856.-- Allen 
Goodrich d, 1,868 ; S. B. Treadwell" r, 2,213. 

Member state Board of Education, 1S56. — Daniel 
Blackman d, 1,862 ; George Willard r, 2,213. 

Senator, 1856. — William Canfield r, 2,293; Alon- 
zo M. Keeler d, 1,761. 

Circuit court commissioners, 1856. — Harlehigh 
Carter d, 1,780; Eli^ha F. Mead r, 2,281. 

Sheriff, 1856.— Robert S. Campbell d. 1870; 
Charles G. Lamb r, 2,202. 

County clerk, 1856. — Julius Rottman d, 1,848 ; 
John B.Ellsworth r, 2,221. 

Prosecuting Attorney, 1856. — Andrew S. Robert- 
son d, i,8gi ; Richard Butler r, 2,l6S. 

Registrar of Deeds, 1S56. — Sanford M. Stone d, 
1869; Norton L. Miller r, 2,208. 

Judge of Probate, 1856.— PhiloTillson d, 1,789; 
Prescott B. Thurston r, 2,268. 

County Treasurer, 1856. — Robert Teats d, 1,862; 
Charles B. Matthews r, 2,214. 

County surveyor, 1856. — Ludwig Wesalouski d, 
i,g8S ; Addison P. Brewer r, 2,192. 

County coroners, 1856. — Henry O. Taylor d, 
1,871 ; John Milton d, 1,869 ! Chauncey G. Cady r, 
2,206; Herman Palmerlee r, 2,200. 

1857- 

Chief jFustice supreme court, 1 85 7. — George 
Martin r, 1,291; Samuel T. Dougl.iss d, 1,169. 

Associate Justices, 1857. — Isaac P. Christiancy r, 
1,292 ; James V. Campbell r, 1,292 ; Randolph 
Manning r, 1,296; Warner Wing d, I,i6g; Abner 
Pratt d, 1,152 ; David Johnson d, 1,154. 



Circuit Judge, 1857. — Sanford M. Green r, 2,410; 
Harlehigh Carter d, i. 

Regents of the University, iZ^l.-'G^o. W. Peck 
r, 1,287; James B. Eldridge d, 1,176. 



Governor, 1858. — Moses Wisner r, 1,791 ; Charles 
E. Stewart d, 1,629. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1S5S. — Edmund B. Fair- 
field r, 1,818 ; Geo. C. Munroe d, 1,622. 

Secretary of stale. 1858.— Nelson G. Isbell r. 
1,807; Jonathan P. King d, 1,625. 

Auditor General, 1S58. — Daniel L. Case r, i.Sog ; 
John J. Adams d, 1,622. 

State Treasurer, 1858. — John McKinney r, 1, 812; 
Edward Carter d, 1,620. 

Attorney General, 1858. — Jacob M. Howard r, 
1,809: J.G.Sutherland d, 1,622. 

Superintendent Public Instruction, 1S58. — John 
M. Gregory r, 1,813; Dan. C. Jacokes d, 1,617. 

Commissioner state Land Office, 1858. — James W. 
Sanborn r, 1,806 ; John Ball d, 1,622. 

State Board of Education, 1858.— Wittier J. Bax- 
ter r, 1,810; Andrew N. Moore d, 1.622. 

Congress, I S5S.— Robert W. Davis d. 1,622 ; 
DeWitt C. Leach r, i,8ii. 

Senator, 1858.— William Canfield r, I.813 ; Wil- 
liam Brownell d, 1,598. 

Representatives, 1858. — Robert Thompson r, 734; 
Geo. F.Stewart d, 597 ; Henry L. Reeves d, 597 ; 
Geo. Bolam r, 42S ; Dexier Mussey r, 687 ; Har- 
vey Mellen d, 35S. 

Circuit court commissioner, 1858. — Elisha F. 
Meade r, 1,819; Harlehigh Carter d, 1,590. 

County sheriff, 1858. — Charles C. Lamb r, 1.824 ; 
James P. St. John d, 1,593. 

County clerk, 1858. — Henry O. Smith r, 1,820 ; 
John A. Fletcher d, 1,596. 

Prosecuting Attorney, 1858. — Giles Hubbard r, 
1,844; Andrew S. Robertson d, 1,569. 

Registrar of Deeds, 1S5S.— Norton L. Miller r, 
1,867; Jackson Freeman d, 1,554. 

County Treasurer, 185S. — Charles B. Matthews r, 
1,827; Justin R. Crandall d, 1,593. 

County surveyor, 1858. — Addison P. Brewer r, 
1,813; John Mellen d, 1, 616. 

County coroners, 1858. — .\aron B. Rawles r, 1,907 ; 
Robert D. Smith r, 1,919; Henry O. Taylor d, 
1,623 ; George Chandler d, 1,618. 



V 



HISTORY OF MAC0M15 COUNTY. 



tiL 



1859. 

Chief yusticc superior court, 1859. — George 
Martin r, 1,932; Alpheus Felch d, 1,671. 

1S60. 

Presidential Electors, i860.— H. G. Wells r, Riifus 
Homer, Geoige W. Lee. Ed. Donah, Rhylota Hay- 
den, Augustus Coburn, 2,534 ; George W. Peck d, 
Charles E. Stewart, Augustus Weideman, Stephen 
G. Clerk, P. H. Hodenpyl, Andrew S. Robertson, 
2,166 ; Jacob Beeson, Robert P. Eldridge, Barnabas 
Case, Peter Morey, 15 ; W.V.Morrison, II ; R. W. 
Adams, 15; H. P. Bridge, 14; J. R. Jones, 15; 
George Warner, 15; Charles E. Niles. 14; John 
Cooper, 15 ; Henry H. Treadway, 14. 

Congress, 1S60. — Rowland E. Trowbridge r, 2,537; 
Edward H. Thompson d, 2,197. 

Governor, 1S60. — Austin Blair r, 2,523; John S. 
Barry d, 2,213. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1S60. — James Birney r, 
2,527; William M. Fenton d, 2,212. 
► Seoetary of state, i860. — James B. Porter, 2,534 ; 
William Francis, 2,210. 

Auditor General, 1S60. — Langford G. Berry, 2.535 ; 
Henry Penoyer d, 2,209. 

State Treasurer, i860. — John Owen r, 2,532 ; 
Elon Farnsworth d, 2,207. 

Attorney General, 1S60. — Charles Upton r, 2,532; 
Chauncey Joslyn d, 2,211. 

Superintendent Public Imtruction, 1S60. — John 
M. Gregory r, 2,539; Francis W. Shearman d, 
2,201. 

Commissioner state Land OJJice, i860. — Samuel S. 
Lacey r, 2,533; Samuel L. Smith d, 2,210. 

Member state Board Education, i860. — Edwin 
Willett r, 2,532; John V. Lyon d, 2,210. 

Senator, 1S60. — Ira H. Butterfield r, 2,516; Geo. 
H. Stuart d, 2,210. 

Representatives, i860. — Thomas M. Wilson r, 
S89 . Joshua B. Dickenson d, 862 ; Payne K. Leach 
r, 630; William Brownell d, 820; De.xter Mussey 
f, 943; Joshua W. Davis d, 559; Charles Mal- 
lary, 3. 

Sheriff, i860. — Joseph Hubbard r, 2,449; John 
L. Benjamin d, 2,274. 

County Treasurer, 1S60. — Edward C. Gallup r, 
2,474; Jacob Hitchler d, 2,225. 

Registrar of Deeds, 1S60. — George W. French r, 
2,480; Justus R. Crandall d, 2,225. 



County clerk, 1S60. — Menry O. Smith r, 2,537; 
William H. Clark, Jr. d, 2,200. 

Judge of Probate, i860.— Isaac B. Gilbert r, 
2,466; John Stockton d, 2,262. 

Prosecuting Attorney, i860. — Elisha F. Mead r, 
2,544; Harlehigh Carter d, 2,169. 

Circuit court commissioners, i860. — Samuel S. 
Gale r, 2,538; Seth K. Schetterly d, 2,205. 

County surveyor, 1S60, — George H. Freeman r, 
2.49S ; Milton Nye d, 2,251. 

County coroners, iZbo. — Aaron B. Rawles r, 2,530 ; 
Chauncey G. Cady r, 2,530; John B. St. John d, 
2,101 ; Joshua B. Dickenson d, 2;205 ; James B St. 
John, 106. 

State Laivs, 1S60. — To amend banking law, yes, 
1,760; to amend banking law, no, 295; legislative 
sessions law, yes, 1,607 ; legislative sessions law, no, 
421; Sec. 2, Art. 18, con., yes, 1,734; Sec. 2, Art. 
18, con., no, 6g. 

1861. 

Associate Justices S. C, 1861. — Randolph Man- 
ning r, 1641 ; Charles I. Walker d, iioi. 
1S62. 

Congress, I'&iii. — Augustus C. Baldwin d, 1794; 
Rowland E. Trowbridge r, 1911. 

Governor, 1862. — Austin Blair r, 1903 ; Byron G. 
Stout d, igo6. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1862. — Charles S. May r, 
1895 ; Henry S. Ripley d, 1825. 

Secretary of state, 1 862. — James B. Porter r, 1 893; 
Wm. R. Montgomery d, 1924. 

Auditor General, 1862. — Emil Anneke r, 1899; 
Rodney C. Payne d, 1922. 

State Treasurer, 1862. — John Owen r, 1884 ; 
Charles C. Trowbridge d, 1925. 

Attorney General, 1862.— Albert Williams r, 1895; 
John T. Holmes d, 1924. 

Commissioner state Land Office, 1862. — Samuel 
S. Lacey r, igo8 ; Charles F. Herman d, 1914. 

Superintendent Public Lnstruction, i86j. — John 
M. Gregory r, 1898 ; Thomas H. Sinex d, 1918. 

Member state Board Education, 1862. — Edward 
Dorsch r, 1896; Daniel E. Brown d, 1923. 

Senators, 1S62. ^Andrew S.Robertson d, 192S ; 
Ira H. Butterfield r, 1884. 

Representatives, 1862. — James B. Eldredge d, 720; 
Geo. B. Van Eps r, 6S2 ; Charles S. Groesbeck d, 
734 ; A. W. Aldrich r, 407 ; Charles F. Mallary r, 
817; John H. Brabbd, 417. 



^-. 



>>, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



319 



Liiw and constitutional Ameniimints, 1S62. — 
Banking, Yes, 343 — No, 10 ; Removals from Office, 
Yes, 213 — No, 4 ; Regents of University, Yes, 343 — 
No, I ; Election in Upper Peninsula, Yes, 353 — 
No, I ; Constitutional Amendments, Yes, 341 — No. 
16. 

Sheriff, 1S62.— Joseph Hubbard r, 1927; William 
Summers d, 1888. 

County clerk, 1S62. — Henry O. Smith r, 1927; 
Edwin R. Bentley d, 1SS5. 

Registrar of Deeds, 1S62. — Thomas L. Sackett r, 
193S ; Wm. H. Clark, Jr. d, 1873. 

County Treasurer, 1862. — Edward C. Galhip r, 

1595 ; Justus R. Crandall d, 1915. 

Prosecuting Attorney, 1862. — Elisha F. Mead r, 
1S60 ; Thomas M. Crocker d, 1945. 

Circuit court commissioners, 1S62. — Samuel S. 
Gala r, 1S86; Joseph Chubb r, 1S92 ; Harlehigh 
Carter d, 1914 ; Seth K. Schetterly d, 1927. 

County Surveyor, 1862. — Geo. H. Cannon r, iSSS; 
Ludwig Wesalouski d, 1923. 

County coroners, 1862. — Aaron B. Rawles r, 1S92, 
Joshua Dickenson r, 189S; John Moorehouse d. 

1596 ; George Mead d, 1921. 

1863. 

Associate Justices, 1S63. — James V. Campbell r, 
1S19 ; David Johnson d, 2006. 

Regents of University, 1S63. — Henry C. Knight 
r, 1812; Thomas D. Gilbert r, 1S14 ; Edward C. 
Walker r, 1S07 ; J. E. Johnson r, 1814 ; Geo. W. 
Mead r, 1S14 ; James A. Sweezey r, 1S12; Alvah 
Sweetzer r, 1S13 ; Thomas J. Joslyn r, 1814; Oliver 
C. Comstock d, 2012 ; Wm. A. Moore d, 2015 ; 
Zina Pitcher d, 201S ; Nathaniel A. Balch d, 201 1 ; 
Charles H. Richmond d, 2011; Adam L. Roof d, 
201 1 ; Elijah F. Burt d, 201 1; Joseph Coulter d, 
20U. 

Circuit Judge, :863. — Sanford M.Green d. 2004; 
Zephaniah B. Knight r, 1838; Robert P. Eldredge 
d, 5. 

1S64. 

Presidential Electors, lit^. — Samuel T. Douglass 
d, 2177 ; Rix Robinson d, 2177; Henry Hart d, 
2177; Royal T. Twombley d, 2177; D. Darwin 
Hughes d, 2177; John Lewis d, 2177 ; Michael C. 
Crofoot d, 2177 ; Richard Edwards d, 2177 ; Robert 
E. Beecher r, 2041 ; Thomas D. Gilbert r, 2041 ; 
Frederick Waldorf r, 2041 ; Marsh Giddings r, 2041; 



Christian Eberbach r, 2041 ; Perry Hannah r, 2041 ; 
Omar D. Conger r, 2041 ; Geo. W. Peck r, 2041. 

Congress, 1864. — Augustus C. Baldwin d, 2177 ; 
Rowland E. Trowbridge r, 2054. 

Justice supreme court, 1S64. — Thomas M. Cooley 
r, 2052; Alpheus Felch d, 2180. 

Governor, 1864. — Henry H. Crapo r, 2050; Wm. 
M. Fenton d, 21S1. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1864. — Eben. O. Grosvenor 
r, 2052; Martin S. Bracketts d, 2180. 

Secretary of State, 1864. — James B. Porter r, 2052; 
Geo. B. Turner d, 21S0. 

Ajiditor-General, 1864. — Emil Anneke r, 2051 ; 
Charles W. Butler d, 21S0. 

State Treasurer. 1S64. — John Owen r, 2052 ; Geo. 
C. Munro d, 21S0. 

Attorney General, 1S64. — Albert Williams r, 2051 ; 
Levi Bishop d, 2180. 

Commissioner Land Office, 1S64. — Cyrus Hewitt 
r, 2051 ; Geo. M. Rich d, 21S0. 

Superintendent Public Instruction, 1S64. — Ota- 
mel Hosford r, 2051 ; John D. Pierce d. 21S0. 

Member Board of Education, 1S64. — Walter J. 
Barden r, 2151 ; O. C. Comstock d, 2180. 

Senator, 1864. — Giles Hubbard r, 2276 ; Wm. M. 
Cambell d, 2204. 

Representatives, 1S64. — Peter Schaes r, 819 ; Geo. 
H. Stuart d, 792 ; James B. Eldredge d, 2 Horace 
H. Cady d, 975 ; Chauncey G. Cady r, 4S0 ; Chas. 
F. Mallary r, 902 ; Philo Tillson d, 450. 

Sheriff, 1864.— Haswell Church r, 2256 ; Geo. E. 
Adair d, 2226 ; Charles Barnes, i. 

Judge of Probate, 1864. — Henry O. Smith r, 2254; 
Thomas M. Crocker d, 2232 ; Henry A. Shaw, 2, 

County cleik, 1S64. — William M. Connor r, 2267; 
James Whiting d, 2217 ; J. R. Crandall, 2. 

Registrar of Deeds, \i>(i\. — Thomas L. Sackett r, 
2315 ; Joshua B. Dickinson d, 2175. 

County Treasurer, 1864. — John W. Leonard r, 
2223; Justin R. Crandall d, 2250; Thomas L. 
Sackett r, I. 

Prosecuting Attorney, 1864. — Joseph Chubb r, 
2234 ; James B Eldredge d, 2245. 

County surveyor, 1864- — Oscar Burgess r, 2263 ; 
Milton Nye d, 2226 ; J. B. Eldredge, i. 

Circuit court commissioners, 1864. — Edgar 
Weeks r, 225S ; David E. Earl r, 2231 ; Harlehigh 
Carter d, 2214 ; Seth K. Shetterly d, 2217. 

County coroners, 1S64. — Joshua Dickinson r, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



'iL 



2255 : Aaion B. Ravvis r, 2258 ; John Moorehouse 
d, 2225 ; John Van Horn d, 2229. 

1S65. 

Associate Justici- supit-ine court, 1865. — Isaac P. 
L'hristiancy, 1374. 

Regents of the University, 1865. — Edward C. 
Walker, 1241 ; George Willard, 1241 ; Ebenezer 
Wells, 172 ; Oliver Comstock, 172. 

1S66. 

Congress, 1S66. — Rowland E. Trowbridge r, 
2475 ; William L. Bancroft d, 2i6g. 

Governor^ 1S66. — Henry H. Crapo r, 2461 ; Al- 
pheus S. Williams d, 2185. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1S66, — Dwight May r, 2465; 
John G. Parkhurst d, 2193. 

Secretary of state, l866. — Oliver L. Spaulding r, 
2468; Bradley M. Thompson d, 21S1. 

Slate Treasurer, 1S66. — Eben. O. Grosvenor r, 

2467 ; Luther H. Trask d, 2182. 

Auditor General, 1866. — William Humphrey r, 

2468 ; George Spaulding d, 2182 ; James Whiting, 
I. 

Snpointendent Pitblic Instruction, 1S66. — Ora-* 
rael Hosford r, 246S ; Samuel Clements, Jr. d, 
2182. 

Commissioner state Land Office, 1866. — Benj. D. 
Pritchard r, 2469; Louis Dillman d, 2182. 

Attornev General, 1866. — William L. Stoughton 
r, 2468; George Grayd, 21S2. 

Member Board of Education, 1866. — Edwin 
Willetts r, 246S ; John W. Birchmore d, 21S4. 

Revision of the constitution, 1866. — For revision, 
1224 ; against, 459. 

Soldiers' Voting, 1S66. — For amendment, 1224 ; 
against, 375. 

Senator, 1866. — Charles Andrews r, 2453 ; Har- 
vey Mellen d, 2191. 

Sheriff, 1866. — Hasvvell Church r, 2462 ; George 
E. Adair d, 2179. 

Registrar of Deeds, 1866. — Thomas L. Sackett r, 
2559 ; Joshua B. Dickenson d, 2080. 

County clerk, 1866. — William M. Connor r, 
2508 ; James Whiting d, 2140; George E. Adair, i. 

County Treasurer, 1866. — Josiah T. Robinson r. 
2360 ; Justus R. Crandall d, 2295. 

Prosecuting Attorney, ] 866. ■ — Edgar Weeks r, 
2457 ; James B. Eldridge d, 2172. 

Circuit court commissioners, 1866. — Arthur L. 



Canfield r, 2518; Irving D. Hanscomb r, 2479; 
Lorenzo G. Sperry d, 2177; Harlehigh Carter d, 
2091. 

County surveyor, 1866. — Oscar S. Burgess r, 
2446; Jdhn Mellen d, 2203. 

County coroners, 1S66. — Aaron B. Rawles r, 247I; 
Gilbert Longstaff r, 2470 ; William Summers d, 
2183 ; John Milton d, 2183. 

Representatives, 1866.— Sanford M. Stone d, 783 
Peter Schars r, 991 ; Seth K. Shetterley d, 965 
Charles S. Hutchins r, 560 ; Elisha F. Mead r, 878 
Oran Freeman d, 412. 

1S67. 

Delegates to constitutional convention, 1867. — 
Oicar S. Burgess r, 1762 ; Dexter Mussey r, 1832 ; 
W. W. Andrus r, 1828; Thomas M. Crocker d, 1S43; 
Sanford M. Stone d, 1773. Seth K. Shetterly d, 
1751 , Hiram Barrows, i. 

Justice of the supreme court, 1867. — Benjamin 

F. Graves r, 1S46 ; Sandford M. Green d, 1755. 
Regents of the University, 1S67.— William M. 

Ferry, Jr. d, 1747 ; Ebenezer Wells d, 1747 ; Thos. 
D. Gilbert r, 1858 ; Hiram A. Burt r, 1853. 

Circuit Judge, 1867. — James S. Dewey r, 1854; 
William T. Mitchell d, 1738. 
iel B. Briggs r, 1892 ; James Whiting d, 170S. 

County superintendent of schools, 1867. — Dan- 

1S68. 
Presidential Electors, 1868— Charles M. Crosswell 
r, John Burt r, William Doellz r, C. W. Clisbee r, 

C. T. Gorham r, B. M. Cutcheon r, 2791 ; Giles 
Hubbard r, 2787 ; M. C. T. Plessner r, 2791 ; Peter 
White d, Fred V. Smith d, Ed. Kanter d, George 
B, Turner d, Fidus_ Livermore d, William M. Ferry 
d, M. E. Crofoot d. William R. Stafford d, 2668. 

Congress, 186S — Omar D. Conger r, 2775 ; Byron 

G. Stout d, 2704. 

Governor, 186S — Henry P. Baldwin r, 2795 ; John 
Moore d, 2681. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 186S — Morgan Bates r, 
2790; Salathiel C. Coffenberry d, 2684. 

Secretary of state, 1 868 — Oliver L. Spaulding r, 
2790; Richard Baylis d, 2682. 

State Treasurer, 1S68 — Ebenezer O. Grosvenor 
r, 2790; John F. Miller d, 2685. 

Attorney General, 1868 — Dwight May r, 2789 ; 
Augustus C. Baldwin d, 2686. 

Commissioner state Land Office, 1868 — Benjamin 

D. Pritchard r, 2790 ; Henry Grinnel d, 2685. 



c 1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



LliL 



Auditor General, iS68 — William Humphrey r, 
2788 ; Louis Dillman d, 2788. 

Superintendent Public Instruction, 1868 — Or.imel 
Hosford r, 2791 ; Duane Doty d, 2684. 

Member itate Boaid of Education, 1S68— Daniel 
E. Brown r, 2788 ; Isaac W. Bush d, 2686. 

Senator, 1868 — Charles Andrews r, 2751 ; Harvey 
Mellen d, 2726. 

Representatives, 1868 — Norton L. Miller r, 10S4 ; 
Sanford M. Stone d, 1815 ; Florell C. McCoy r, 643 ; 
Fred G. Kendrick d, 1183 ;EUshaF. Mead r, 1023 ; 
Horace H. Spencer d, 487. 

Sheriff, 1S68— Haswell Church r, 283S ; 1. Ward 
Davis d, 2629. 

Judge of Probate, 1868 — Thomas L. Sackett r, 
27S8, Thomas M. Crocker d, 2681. 

County clerk, 1868 — William M. Connor r, 
2S12 ; Hiron F. Corbin d, 263S. 

Registrar of Deeds, 1868 — Alonzo M. Keeler r, 
2793'; James Whiting d, 2669. 

County Treasurer, 186S — Joseph Hubbard r, 
2752 ; Oliver Chapaton d, 2755, 

Piosecuting Attorney, 186S — Edgar Weeks r, 
28i6;Seth K. Shetterly d, 2635. 

County surveyor, 1868 — Oscar S. Burgess r, 
2792 ; Morgan Nye d, 2635. 

Ciicuit court commissioners, 186S — Arthur L. 
Canfield r, 2803 ; Irving D. Hauscomb r, 2804 ; 
Lorenzo G. Sperry d, 2639 ; William H. Clark Jr. d, 
2663. 

County coroners, 1868 — William R. Sutton r, 
2795 ; Aaron B, Rawles r, 2789 ;, George St. John d, 
2680 ; William Roy d, 2683. 

Revision of the constitution, etc., etc., 1 863 — For 
adoption, 1570; against, 2S77 ; for annual sessions, 
178; for biennial sessions, 1369; for Prohibition, 
1430; against Prohibition, 1977. 



Justice of the supreme court, 1869.— Thomas M. 
Couley r, 1891 ; D. Darwin Hughes d, 1926. 

Regents of the University, 1869 — Jonas H. 
McGowan r, 1S7S ; Joseph Estabrook r, i3o6 ; John 
F. Miller d, 2013; John M. B. Sill d, 1935. 

Circuit Judge, 1869 — Elisha F. Mead r, 137S ; 
William T. Mitchell d, 1953. 

County superintendent common schools, 1869 — 
Daniel B. Briggs r, 2012 ; James Whiting d, 1632. 

County drain commissioner, 1869 — Jonathan 
Wells r, 1886 ; George E. Adair d, 1915. 



2574; 



1870. 

Governor, 1870. — Charles C. Comstock d, 
Henry P. Baldwin r, 2382 ; Henry Fish, 38. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1870. — Jacob A. T. Wen- 
dell d, 2579; Morgan Bates r, 2379 ; Emory Cur- 
tiss, 35. 

Secietaiy of state, 1870. — Jonathan W. Flanders 
d, 2578 ; Daniel Striker r, 2384 ; John Graves, I ; 
John Evans. 33. 

Slate Treasurer, 1870. — Andrew J. Bovvne d. 
2579 ; Victory P. Collier r, 2382 ; Oliver Chapaton, 
2 ; Luman R. Atpater, 32. 

Attorney General, 1870. — JohnAtkinson d, 2579; 
Dwight May r, 2304 ; Eben G. Fuller, 32. 

Commissioner state Land Office, li-jo. — John G. 
Hubinger d, 25S0 ; Charles A. Edmonds r, 2385 ; 
James H. Ilartwell. 32. 

Auditor General, 1870. — Charles W. Butler d, 
2579 : William Humphrey r, 23S4 ; Charles K. Car- 
penter, 32. 

Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1S70. — 
Duane Doty d, 25S7 ; Oramel Hosford r, 2879 ; 
Asa Mahan, 31. 

Member State Board of Education, 1S70.— W. 
Irving Bennett d, 3582 ; Witter J. Baxter r. 23S3 ; 
Ebenezer Hunt, 31. 

The vote on allowing Supervisors' Boards to 
raise $2000 per annum for the repair and construc- 
tion of public highways, buildings, and bridges ; the 
vote for amending the article relating to the appor- 
tionment of Representatives, and the qualifications 
of electors, the vote relative to salaries of State 
Officers and Judges of the Circuit Courts ; the vote 
on impartial sufifrage , the vote on the change in the 
law, as it regarded railroads, were severally ap- 
proved or condemned by the people of Macomb in 
1S70 — the county giving an affirmative vote ranging 
from 775 to 1337, and a negative vote ranging from 
4 to 2736. 

Congress, 1870. — Byron G. Stout d, 2581 ; Omar 
D. Conger r, 23S3 ; James S. Smart, 25. 

Senator, 1870. — Horace H. Cady d, 2457 ; Gil- 
bert Hathaway r, 2470. 

Representatives, 1S70. — Norton L. Miller r, 952 ; 
Lucius H. Canfield d, 946 ; Hiram D. Runyan d, 
991 ; Gustavus Schuchard r, 568 ; Seth K. Shetterly, 
53 ; Deliverance S. Priest r, 930 ; Elias W. Lyon d, 
506. 

Sheriff, 1S70.— Fred. G. Kendrick d, 2637 ; 






HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



Horace A. Lathrop r, 2325 ; Alonzo M. Keeler.'l ; 
Henry Meynell, 4. 

County clerk, 1S70. — Charles S. Groesbeck d, 
2548 ; William M. Connor r, 2430. 

Registrar cf Deeds, 1870. — Geo. W. Robertson d, 
2529 ; Alonzo M. Keeler r, 2445. 

County Treasurer, 1S70. — Oliver Chapaton d, 
2703. George J. Grovier r, 2272. 

Prosecuting Attorney, l&^o.—]s.me% B. Eldredge 
d, 2613; Wm. Jenny Jr. r, 2369. 

County surveyor, 1S70. — Geo. E. Adair d, 2567 ; 
Cortez Fessenden r, 2391. 

Circuit court commissioners, 1870. — W. H. Clark 
Jr. d, 25S4 ; Geo. M.Crocker d, 2604; Irving D. 
Hanscom r, 2364 ; Arthur L. Canfield r, 2401. 

County coroners, 1S70. — Sanfoid M. Stone d, 
2576 ; Cortez V. Hooker d, 2576 ; Robert A. Barton 
r, 2406 ; Levi Hoard r, 2407. 

1871. 

Justice supreme court, 1871. — James V. Campbell 
r, 1877; D. Darwin Hughes d, 2196 ; Albert Wil- 
liamsi 87. 

Regents of the University, 1871. — Claudius B. 
Grant r, 1908 ; Charles Rynd r, 1908; I. M. B. Sill 
d, 216S ; C. B. Fenton d, 2168 ; Wm. W. Baldwin, 
88; Jos. S. Tuttle 88. 

County superintendent of common schaols, 1S71. — 
Daniel B. Briggs r, 17S4; Sidney H. Woodford d, 
222S. 

County drain commissioner, 1871. — George E. 
Adair d, 2035 ; James S. Lawson r, 2005. 

1872. 

Presidential Electors, 1S72.— Eber B. Ward and ten 
others r, 2546; Geo. V. Lathrop and ten others d, 
2161; Charles P. Russell and ten others 85; Austin 
Wales and ten others 72. 

Congress, 1872. — Omar D. Conger r, 3487; John 
H. Richardson d, 2314; Squire E. Warren Pro., 61. 

Governor, 1872 — John J. Bagley r, 2465; Austin 
Blair d, 2311; Henry Fish pro, 70; Wm. M. Ferry 

54- 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1872. — Henry H. Holt r, 
2452; John C. Blanchard d, 2330; Wm. G. Brown 
pro, 69 ; Charles Woodruff 54. 

Secretary of state, 1872. — Daniel Striker d, 2453; 
Geo. H. House d, 2333; John Evans 68; Thomas C. 
Cutler 54. 

State Treasurer, 1872.— Victor P. Collier r, 2461; 



Jos. A. Holton d, 2334; Elias C. Manchester 69; 
Clement M. Davison 54. 

Auditor General, 1872. — William Humphrey r, 
2454; Neil O'Hearn d, 2333; William Allmon 68; 
Cyrus Feabody 54. 

Attorney General, 1S72.— Byron D. Ball r, 2446; 
D. Darwin Hughes d, 2332; D. P. Sagindorph 68; 
Wm. A. Clark 54. 

Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1872. — Dan- 
iel B. Briggs r, 253S; Willard Stearns d, 2239; M. 
A. Daugherty 63; A. J.»Sawyer52. 

Commissioner state Land Office, 1872. — L. A. Clapp 
r, 2454; G. H. Murdock d, 2333; Joseph S. Tuttle 
68; Ira D. Crouse 54. 

Member State Board of Education, 1872. — Edward 
Dorsch r, 2445; Edward Feldner d, 2330; Martin A. 
Brown 6g; Christian Vanderbeen 53. 

Sejiator, 1872, vacancy. — Seymour Brownell d, 
1016; J. S. P. Hathaway r, S85. 

Senator, No. i, 1872. — James S. P. Hathaway r, 
2323; John N. Mellen d, 2461; Lafayette Warren 
50; Riely C. Cone 40. 

Representatives, 1872. — Horace H. Cady d, 1426; 
Payne K. Leech r, 856; James M. Payne 8; D. S. 
Priest r, 1518; J. M. Potter d, 972; Alex Shelp 45. 

Sheriff, 1872. — Nelson H. Miller r, 2269; Fred G. 
Hendricks d, 2559; James Gass 45; Peter Ladors 

Judge of Probate, 1S72.— Thomas L. Sackett r, 
2481; Thomas M. Crocker d, 2336; Oran Freeman 
53; Morgan Nye 53. 

County clerk, 1872. — David C. Cobuvn r, 2295; 
Charles S. Groesbeck d, 2512; Clark Stephens 33; 
Watson Lyons, 62. 

Registrar of Deeds, 1872. — Alonzo M. Keeler r, 
24*1: Geo. W. Robertson d, 2411; Theodore Mosher 
29; Wm. R. Sutton 44. 

County Treasurer. 1872. — Geo. B. Van Eps r, 
2213; Oliver Chapaton d, 2592; Judge Preston 37; 
Hiram Squires 63. 

Prosecuting Attorney, 1872. — Wm. Jenny Jr. r, 
2365; James B. Eldredge d, 2438; Lorenzo G. Sperry 
35; Joseph Chubb 62. 

County Surveyor, 1872. — Oscar S. Burgess r, 2450; 
Geo. E. Adair d, 2308; Morgan Nye 64. 

Circuit court commissioners, 1872. — Dwight N. 
Lowell r, 2463; Lewis M. Miller r, 2463; Wm. H. 
Clark Jr. d, 2382; (ieo. M. Crocker d, 2337; John 
Starkweather 66; Joseph Cliubbs62. 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



County coroners, 1S72. — Martin Buzzell r, 2424; 
Stephen S. Merrill r, 1577; George H. Stuart d, 
2382; Cortez P. Hooker d, 2249; Hiram H. Kelsey 
64; Alfred Van Voorhoes 65; Geo. N. Nunnerly 40; 
Victor A. Morass 40; Stephen H. Merrill 856. 

1873. 

Justice Supreme court, 1S73. — Isaac P. Christian- 
cy, 3952. 

Regents of the University, 1873. — Duane Doty d, 
2044; Andrew M. Fitch d, 2039; Edward C. Walker 
r, 1S6S ; Andrew Climie, Oscar D. Spaulding, 17 ; 
Reynold Kelley, 41. 

County Superintendents of Schools, 1873. — Spen- 
cer B. Russell d, 2073; Robert G. Baird r, 1S40. 

1874. 

Congress, 1874. — Enos Goodrich d, 2592 ; Omar 
D. Conger r, 1S93 ; Henry Fish, 146. 

Governor, 1S74. — Henry Chamberlain d, 2638 ; 
John J. Bagley r, 1S67; C. K. Carpenter p, 167. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1874. — Fred. Hall d, 2639 ; 
H. H. Holt r, 1874; T. A. Granger p, 169. 

Secretaiy of State, 1874. — George H. House d, 
2638 ; E. G. D. Holden r, 1872 ; Samuel W. Baker 
p, 16S. 

State Treasurer, 1S74. — Joseph M. Sterling d, 
2637 ; W. B. McCreery r, 1S71 ; James J. Mead p, 
169, 

Auditor General, 1874. — John L. Evans d, 2636; 
Ralph Ely r, 1872 ; Joseph Newman p, 171. 

Attorney General, 1874. — M. V. Montgomery d, 
2637 ; Andrew J. Smith r, 1S72 ; Albert Williams p, 
169, 

Superintendent Public Instruction, 1S74. — Duane 
Doty d, 2631; Daniel B. Briggs r, 1S76; John 
Evans p, 159. 

Com'nissionee State Land Offce, 1S74. — C. W. 
Green d, 2637 ; L. A. Clapp r, 1S74 ; T. S. Skinner 
p, i6g. 

Member Board of Education, 1S74. — E. W. An- 
drews d, 263S; Edgar Rexford r, 1S73 ; John D. 
Lewis p. 169. 

Representatives, 1874. — Casper P. Schettler d, 
1552; Levi J. Stickney r, 605; Calvin Bush p, 99; 
Cortez P. Hooker d, 1093 ; Thomas M. Wilson r, 
1124 ; Charles E. Davis p, 98. 

Senator, 1874. — John N. Mellen d, 2855 ; Norton 
C. Miller r, 1654 ; Dwight P. Breede p, 142. 



Sheriff, :S74.— Winfield S. Hathaway d, 2677; 
Robert A. Barton r, 1824; Harry Briggs p, 173. 

County clerk, 1874. — Charles S. Groesbeck d, 
2741; Perry M. Bentley r, 1740; Morgan Nye p, 155. 

Registrar of Deeds, 1874. — Traugott Longers- 
hausen d, 2390; George McCioskey r, 2079 1 Wm. 
R. Sutton p, 159. 

County Treasurer, 1S74. — Oliver Chapaton d, 
2642 ; John Otto r, 1839; Loren Andrus p, 148. 

Prosecuting Attorney, 1S74. — James B. Eldridge 
d, 2720; Wm. Jenney, Jr. r, 1805 ; Joseph Chubb 
p. 109. 

County Surreyor, 1S74. — Cl.irence M. Stephens d, 
2709; Oscar S. Burgess r, 1791 ; Albert G. Jepson 
P, 157- 

Circuit court connnlssioners, 1S74. — Geo. M. 
Crocker d, 2625 ; Wm. H. Clark d, 2611 ; Dwight 
N. Lowell r, 1930; Lewis M. Miller r, 1699; John 
L- Starkweather p, i65 ; Clark Stanton p, 157. 

County coroners, 1S74. — Adam Bennett d, 2644; 
Geo. H. Stewart d, 2637 ; Amsey W. Sutton r, 
1847 ; John H. Williams p, 171 ; Hiram Squiers p, 
171 ; Calvin Davis r, 1S60. 

1S75. 

Juilice Supreme court, 1875. — Benj. F. Graves r, 
3984; Lyman D. Norris d, 2138 ; Isaac Marston r, 
1S32. 

Regents of the University, 1S75. — Samuel T. 
Douglass d, 2218 ; Peter White d, 2203 ; Samuel S. 
Walker r, 1748 ; Byron M. Cutcheon r. 1750. 

Ciicuit Judge, 1S75. — Edward W.Harris r, 3966, 

1S76. 

Presidential Electors, 1S76. — James B. Eldredge 
d, and ten others, 3,453 ; Wm. A. Howard r, and 
ten others, 3,0:2 ; Moses W. Field g.b, and ten oth- 
ers, 18 ; Charles K. Carpenter pro, and ten others, 6. 

Congress, 1876. — Anson E. Chadwick d, 3,499 ; 
Omar D. Congar r, 2.981. 

Governor, lS^6. — William L. Webber d, 3,465 ; 
Charles M. Crosswell r. 3,008 ; Levi Sparks pro, 

14- 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1876. — Julius Houseman d, 
3,478; Alonzo Sessions r, 3,012; Emory Curiiss, 
pro, 5. 

Secretary of Stale, 1876. — Geo. H. House d, 
3,463; E. G. D. Holden r, 3,011; Albert Stege- 
man pro, 14. 

State Treasurer, 1876. — Jolin G. Parkhurst d. 



P "V 



334 



HISTOIIY OF MA-COMB COUNTY. 



3,474 ; Willmm B. McCreery r, 3>oi5 ; Archibald L. 
Cliubb pro, 4. 

Auditor General, 1876.— Fred M. Holloway d, 
3,476; Ralph Ely r, 3,012; Daniel J.Smith pro, 5. 
Commissioner Slate Land Office, 1876.— J. B. Fen- 
ton d, 3,466; Ben. F. Partridge r, 3.001; J. H. 
Richardson g.b, 14; Emory L. Brewer pro, 6. 

Attorney General, 1876.— Martin Morris d, 3,463; 
OltoKirchner r, 3,012; Albert J. Chapman g.b, 
14 ; Dan. Sagendorph pro, 4. 

Superintendent Public Instruction, 1S76.— Zelotes 
Truesdel d, 3,463 ; Horace S. Tarbell r, 3,025 ; 
.T. W. McKeever pro, 5. 

Member State Board of Education, 1876.— Chas. 
J. Walker d, 3.465 ; Witter J. Baxter r, 3,009 ; 
Ethan Ray Clarke g.b, 14 I LukeR. Damon pro, 5. 
Amendments, 1876.— License : For, 1207 ; against, 
907. Salaries, Circuit Court Judges; For, 1626 ; 
against, 605. Constitution, For, 1447; against, 152. 
Senator, 1S76.— John N. Mellen, 3,459 ; William 
Jenny Jr. r, 3,006; Crawley P, Drake, i. 

Representatives, 1876.— Lucius H. Canfield d, 
1,845; Thomas Dawson r, 1,505; Seth K. Shetter- 
ly d, 1,554 ; Crawley P. Drake r, 1,533. 

Sheriff, 1876.— Winfield S. Hathaway d, 3,533 ; 
Haswell Church r, 2,943. 

P'obate Judge, 1876.— James B. Eldredge d, 
3,337 ; Edgar Weeks r, 3,125. 

County clerk, 1876.— Charles S, Groesbeck d, 
3,517; Ezra Nye r, 2,946; Jacob L. Keller, 130. 
• Resistrarof Deeds, 1876.— Traugott Longerhau- 
sen d, 3,444; Peter F. H. Schars r, 3,035. 

County Treasurer, 1876.— Oliver Chapaton d, 
3,407 ; Wm. Heine r, 3,028. 

Prosecxiting Attorney, 1876.— Geo. M. Crocker d, 
3,458; Irving D. Hanscom r, 3,008. 

Circuit court commissioners, iSjG. — Wm. H. 

Clark, Jr. d, 3,436; Chauncey R. Canfield d, 3,450; 

Oscar S. Burgess r, 2,999 ; Frank C. Lamb r, 3,076. 

County Sunvyor.iS-jb.—Oarence M. Stephens 

d, 3,455; Cortez Fessenden r, 3,023. 

County coroners, 1876.— Adam Bennett d, 3,471; 
Geo. H. Stuart d, 3,469; Judson C. Mason r, 
3,010 ; Geo. R. Hoard r, 3,020. 

1877- 

Justice of the Sup)eme court, 1S77.— Henry F. 
Severens d, 2088; Thomas M. Cooley r, 1848. 
Regents of the University, x'il'l. — Anson E. Chad- 



wick d, 2088; John Lewis d, 2088 ; Victory P. Col- 
lier r, 1847 ; George L. Maltz r, 1847. 

Vote on Appointment of clerk supreme court, 
1S77.— For the appointment, 398; against the ap- 
pointment, 29S. 

Vote Relative to Law of corporation.— ¥ox amend- 
ment, 358; against amendment, 34S. 
1878. 
Congress, 1878.— William T. Mitchell d, 2,437 ; 
Omar D. Conger r, 2,012 ; Charles F. Mallary n, 
617. 

Governor. 1878.— Orlando M. Barnes d, 2,391 ; 
Charles M. Crosswell r, 2,036; Henry M. Smith n, 
615 ; Watson Snyder p, 36. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1878.— Alfred P. Swineford 
d, 2,393 ; Alonzo Sessions r, 2,036; Lysander Wood- 
ward n, 615 ; Isaac W. McKeever p, 35. 

Secretary of State. 1878.— George H. Murdoch d, 
2.340; William Jenney r, 2,112; George H.Bruce 
n, 591 ; Travers Phillips p, 26. 

State Treasurer, 1878.— Alexander McFarlan d, 
Benjamin D. Pritchard r, 2,034 ; Herman Goeschel 
n, 617 ; Darius H. Stone p, 35. 

Commissioner State Lands, 1878.— George Lord 
d, 2,393 ; James M. Neasmith r, 2,038 ; John A. 
Elder n, 614; William G. Brown p, 35. 

Auditor General, 1878.— W. J. B. Schermerhorn 
d, 2,392; W. J. Latimer r, 2,038; Levi Sparks n, 
614 ; Leander L. Farnsworth p, 35. 

Attorney General, 1878.— Allen B. Morse d, 2,399; 
Otto Kercher r, 2,019; Frank Dumon n, 612; 
Daniel Sazendorph p, 41- 

Superintendent Public Instruction, 1S78.— Zelo- 
tes Truesdel d, 2,390; Cor. A. Gower r, 2,040; 
David Parsons n, 613 ; Martin V. Rourke p, 35- 

Member State Board Education, 1878.— Edwin F. 
Uhl d, 2,393; George F. Edwards r, 3,038 ; George 
E. Hubbard n, 614 ; Marlin V. Brown, 35. 

Senator, 187S.— John M. Wattles d, 2,356 : Joseph 
B. Moore r, 2,103 ; John J. Watkins n, 59I. 

Representatives, 1878.— Warren Parker d, 1,180; 
Arthur N. Grovier r, 1,090; Charles C. Lamb r, 
369; Alexander Grant r. 1,084; David C. Greene 
d, 1,114 ; Eli G. Perkins n, 192. 

Sheriff, 1S78.— Louis Groesbeck d, 2,676 ; Alfred 
Stewart r, 1,905 ; Seth Davis n, 454. 

County clerk, 1878. — William L. Dicken d, 
2,375; George F. Adams r, 2,160; Ambrose J. 
Hancock n, 506. 



^^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



-4^ 



Registrar of Deeds, 1878. — Traugott Longershau- 
sen d, 2,358 ; Charles Steffins r, 2,087 ; Louis A. 
Al'or n, 599. 

County Treasurer, 1878. — Charles Tackles d, 
-■399; John Otto r, 2,031; Adam Bennett n, 601. 

Prosecuting Attorney, 1878. — George M. Crocker 
d, 2,S02 ; Edgar Weeks r, 2,095. 

Circuit court commissioner, 1S78. — William H. 
Clark, Jr. d, 2,511 ; Chauncey R. Canfield d, 2,468 ; 
Dwight N. Lowell r, 2,059 '. Silas B. Spier r, 
2,050. 

C unty Surveyor, 1878. — George E. Adair d, 
2,361 ; Cortez Fessenden r, 2,084; James S. Lawson 
n. 592. 

County cotoners, 187S. — G. H. .Stuart d, 2,391; 
Joshua B. Dickenson d, 2,387 ; GiUman Whitten r, 
2,061; John J. Reimold r. 2,066 ; Charles S. Hutch- 
ings n, 612 ; William M. Campbell n, 594. 

1879. 

yustices of the Supreme court, 1879. — John B. 
Shipman d, 2448 ; James V. Campbell r, 2287. 

Regents of the University, 1879. — Geo. P. Sanford 
d, 2530; Henry Whiting d, 2528; Ebenezer O. 
Grosvenor \, 2271 ; James Shearer r, 2275. 



Presidential Electors, 1880.— Peter White d, and 
ten others, 3218 ; Charles P. Peck r, and ten others, 
3136 ; Augustus Day n, and ten others, 201 ; Jo.seph 
v. Whiting pro, and ten others, 10; Isaac J. Gray 
— , and ten others, i. 

Congress, 1880. — Cyrenius P. Black d, 3283 ; 
Omar D. Conger r, 3090 ; John J. Watkins n, 1S4. 

Governor, 1880, — Frederick M. Holloway d, 3266; 
David H. Jerome r, 30S6 : A. Woodman n, 193 ; 
Isaac W. McKeever pro, 22. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 1880. — Edward H. Thorn- 
,ton d, 3270; Moreau S. Crosbe r, 3082; Sulivan 
Armstrong n, 193 ; Darius H. Stone pro, 22. 

Secretary of Stale, 1880. — Willard Stearns d, 3142; 
William Jenny r, 3197 ; I. A. Crouse n, igg; John 
Evans pro, 22. 

State Treasurer, iSSo. — Isaac M. Weston d, 3220 ; 
Benj. D. Pritchard r, 3126 ; John M. Norton n, 200; 
Arthur Al. Power pro, 22. 

Auditor General, 1880. — Richard Moore d, 3221 ; 
W. Irving Latimer r, 3128 ; Sylvester B. Heverle n, 
200 ; Watson Snyder pro, 22. 



Commissioner State Lands, 18S0. — James I. Davis 
d, 3220; James M. Neasmith r, 3129 ; John H. 
Elder n, 200 ; Porter Beal pro, 22. 

Attorney General, 1880 — Henry P. Henderson d, 
3221 ; Jacob J. Van Riper r, 313S; William Newton 
n, 2D0; Milton N. Burnham pro. 22. 

Superintendent Puilic Instruction, 1880 — Zelotes 
Truesdel d, 3222; Cornelius A. Gower r, 3127; 
David Parsons n, 200 ; William N. Moore pro, 
22. 

Members Board of Education, 18S0 — Albert 
Crane d, 3231 ; Edgar Rexford r, 3128; Volney V. 
B. Mervin n, 209 ; Uriah R. Evans pro, 19. 

Senator, 10th District, t88o— John N. Mellen d, 
3415 : John T. Rich r, 3094. 

Representatives, 1880 — Warren Parker d, 1726 ; 
Edgar Weeks r, 1669 ; Thomas W. Newton. I ; 
Byron J. Flumerfelt d, 1523 ; Alexander Grant d, 
1579- 

I'ote on Bridging the Detroit River, 1 880 — In 
favor of, 901 ; against the project, 567. 

Judge of Probate, 1880. — James B. Eldredge d. 
3391 ; Charles Andrews r, 3100. 

Sheriff. 1880. — Louis Grosbeck d, 3242; Thos. 
W. Newton r, 3263. 

County clerk, 1880. — William L. Dicken d, 3354; 
William W. Vaughan r, 3137. 

Registrar of Deeds, 1880. — Judson S. Farrar d, 
3330 ; Charles Steffins r, 3171. 

County Treasurer, 1880. — Charles Tackles d, 
3271 ; Jonathan Stone r, 3237. 

Prosecuting Attorney, 1880. — George M. Crocker 
d. 3237 ; Irving D. Hanscom r, 3250. 

Circuit court commissioners, 1880. — Frank F. 
Williams d. 3136 ; Franklin P. Montfort d, 3301 ; 
.Silas B. Spier n, 3221 ; Addison S. Stone n, 3325. 

County Surveyor, iSSo. — George E. Adair d, 
3294 ; George H. Cannon r, 3200. 

County coroners, 18S0. — Humphrey Murphy d, 
3301 ; George H. Stuart d, 3297 ; William G. Terry 
r, 3215; William Norton r, 3216. 

i8Sl. 

Congress, 1881. — Cyreni-us P. Black d, 2545; John 
T. Rich r, 2418; John Kenny n, 61. 

Justice of Supreme court, l88l, — Augustus C. 
Baldwin d, 2534; Isaac Marston r, 2495; John B. 
Shipman x, 156; Charles G. Hyde pro, 27. 

Regents of the University, i88l.— Geo. V. N. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Lathrop d, 2525; Henry Fralick d, 2526; James F. 
Joy r, 241 1; Austin Blair r, 2401; Charles G. Wil- 
lett n, 156; David Parsons n, 156, Isaac W. McKee- 
ver pro, 28; Edward C. Newell pro, 2S. 

Circuit Judge, iGth J. C, 1S81.— William M. 



Mitchell d, 2703; Herman W. Stephens r, 2246; Val- 
entine A. Saph g. b. n, 14S. 

I'^aie on Loan o/Slcooo. iSSi. — For the tax and 
loan 2341; against 2179. 

Senator 20 Dis.. iSSl.— John V. Mellen d, 4861. 



CHAPTER XVII I. 



THE PRESS OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Tlie newspa]ier press of Macomb may, with justice, claim to be tlie true expo- 
nent of popular ideas, as well as the zealous guardian of local interests. Seldom has 
it extended recognition to terrorism at home or tyranny abroad — never knowingly. 
Possibly there may have been a few instances, where ignorance, pure and simple, 
caused the free citizen of our Union to wander away from his surroundings and en- 
ter the circle of flunkyism ; there may also be some cases where the people were so 
short-sighted as to permit an immigrant newspaper writer to indulge in eulogies on the 
magnificence of trans-Atlantic peoples. Sometimes cuttings are made from monarch- 
ical papers, because the heading conveys an idea to the busy editor that. the arti- 
cle is newsy, when in reality it is only a fulsome laudation of expiring monarchy — 
an attempt to gain sympathy for that hideous principle. This article appears in the 
columns of the local paper without even a qualifying paragraph, and contributes in 
a degree to foster a taste for royalty, pageantry, and all such criminal nonsense in 
the minds of the more unthinking portion of our people. Such insulting trash should 
not be placed before the public. Even though this unjustifiable, foundationless 
praise of the enslavers of Europeans, of all their glittering palaces, of their gorgeous 
parades, could win any serious attention from any other than the most imbecile 
of ourpopulation, it is not fair to furnish imbecility with fuel; it is not right to place 
before it new subject matter, which enables it, however falsely, to extol the glories 
and the pageants of principles and men who cast a gloom over the civilization of 
our day. There is little in trans-Athintic peoples, and much less in their govern- 
ments, which hold seven-eigliths of the people in most aliject servitude, to commend. 
The knowledge of this state of affairs in Europe, is so widespread in the United 
States, that it forms a full safeguard against the growth of that foolish, debasing, 
and most pernicious vice commonly called flunkyism. The people understand their 
duty to the Republic, and none among them more so than the indefatigable men, who 
identify themselves with the press of this county. 

Macomb has reaped a rich harvest from the industry and honesty of her news- 



rf* 



Ll^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



paper conductors. All evidences point out her journalists of the past to have been 
as truly honorable as are those of the present ; flunkyism was not the attribute of 
any one of them ; they labored late and early in providing newsy and instructive 
reading for the constituents ; and, if at any time, a ridiculous eulogy, on all that is 
politicall}' and socially false, crept into their columns, they were the first to denounce 
the buffoon who penned the obnoxious lines. 

The press conferred inestimable good ujaon this disti-ict ; it oj^posed premature 
innovations, even as it urged necessary reforms ; it set its denunciations of arbitrary 
and tyrannical measures in black letter, stigmatized moral cowardice, and claimed that 
from the village council-room to the chambers of the National Government, vice 
should be subjected to rebuke and punishment, aiid virtue doubly cherished. 

Here the press is a synonym for progress. Prescribe its liberty and the nation 
suffers. Very few liberties had been won in the long struggle for human freedom, 
involving more far reaching and momentous consequences than that which secured 
the constitutional guaranty of freedom of speech and of the press. The antagonism 
between a despotic government and the j^rinting press is as natural as it is intense. 
The heart of monarchy, claiming to be human, loves applause, and therefore could 
not willingly feed on the bitter herbs of censure. Neither king nor minister, 
neither cardinal nor general desired a fair review of his official acts, nor submitted 
to reproof. The exercise of power bred confidence in the hearts of rulers, and 
begot an impatience of criticism ; hence there was a natural inclination to restrain, 
what those in authority might deem, an unwarrantable freedom in the discussion 
of public affairs. On the other hand, the intelligent portion of the population 
desired to inquire into the proceedings of their governors, to complain of 
grievances, and to suggest reforms. Free thought and free speech were of little 
avail without free publications, and to suppress publications was to prevent prac- 
tical results. Thus there was an irrepressible conflict between oppressive govern- 
ments, whatever their form, and the press — one in which the press succeeded in 
these States, one in which it is still engaged in the eastern hemisphere up to the 
present time, and which is likely to continue until the sun sheds his light upon a 
great European Republic. 

In a despotic state the government exercises a censorship over the press, while 
in a free country the case is reversed, and the press is the censor of the govern- 
ment. Both forms of censorship were liable to abuse ; but judging by the past, 
the excesses of the press for a thousand years would be trifling in evil results, 
when compared with the iniquities of a government censor for a single genera- 
tion. If the people are to govern, or take any active intelligent part in the 
government, they must be cognizant of every fact pertaining to their country, and 
be in a position to give full expression to their opinions on public measures. 



-J o 

r 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Tliose entrusted with the executive authority, those appointed to promote the 
general welfare in accordance with the public will, should favor the most free and 
efficient means of communication with those for whose sake government is intended 
to exist — that means is the newspaper. No substitute for it has ,yet been devised 
— not one can be imagined. Thus the newspaper is one of the most important 
agencies of a free people, of a good government. Without its aid in instructing 
and arousing the people, the national government could neither have raised the 
vast armies, nor have commanded the pecuniary means required to carry on the 
struggle for the preservation of our Union against the wealthy planters of the 
Southern States and their foreign allies. 

The modern newspaper is not merely a private enterprise ; it is as truly public 
and necessary as the railroad or the telegraph. Enlightened jurisprudence de- 
clares that the newspaper, encouraged and protected by the highest guarantees of 
constitutional law as indispensable to free government, is subject not to the narrow, 
rigid rules which appl)' to merely private enterprises, but to broad and equitable 
principles springing out of its relation to the public, and its duty to serve the 
people in the collection and publication of information relating to the public good. 
The business of journalism is no longer a mere incident to the printer's trade — it 
has become a great, profound, and learned profession, with fraternal organizations. 
It has become the great educator of the masses, as well as the magnificent agent 
of social and political reformation. 

Acting harmoniously in their respective spheres, free government and a free 
press are the joint conservators of good, each the most powerful pillar of the other. 
The press and the bar, as well as the people and the Government of the United 
States, are all dependent upon one another, with the honest press as leader. 
Therefore let us cherish the newspapers, stigmatizing what may appear corrupt in 
them, and applauding all that is honorable and just. This is due by the people 
to the people and the press. 

In the following historical sketches a full effort has been made to deal with 
the newspapers and newspaper men of this county — which effort, the writer 
believes, has been attended with success ; being, as it is, an extract from the his- 
torical address, delivered December 28, 1881, at Armada, by Edgar Weeks, formerly 
connected with the press of the county. 

Forty years ago, there was not half a dozen newspapers in Michigan, and not 
one in Macomb County. At that time the country was new ; the telegraph not 
wliat it is to-day ; the mails were slow, painfully slow, postage was dear, tlie 
people poor. In that day it took ten days or two weeks to get a letter from New 
York to Detroit. The means of communication was confined to stage coaches and 
steamboats, which would drive a modern traveler wild. The city of Detroit was 






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HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



then only a moderate sized village. There was not a town of 5,000 inhabitants in 
the State. Mt. Clemens was a village of some importance as tlie future of Michigan 
then looked. It was the seat of government and justice for all Michigan north of 
Wayne County. It numbered among its people some few enterprising men who 
looked forward to a large city where Mt. Clemens now stands. 

JOURNALS OF ROMKO. 

Way back in the history of Romeo, there was published there a paper called 
the Investigator. The files of this paper have disappeared, and no inquiry which 
we have made for them has been rewarded. The name of its publisher was Thomas 
M. Perry. It first appeared in the fall of 1850 and lived about two j'ears. 

Another paper called the Romeo Olive Branch was also published there, but 
we have been equall}' unfortunate in regard to it, both as to date and name of its 
publisher. 

In the year 1857 the Romeo Argus appeared, but its files previous to May 18th, 
1861, are lost. From May 18th, 1861, to May 18th, 1802, the files have been pre- 
served. The Argus was started in 1857, in Ma}', by Martin V. Bentley and John 
M. Stone. Mr. Bentley bought out his partner in about a year after the publica- 
tion began. 

On the 8th of May, 1861, S. H. Ewell bought the paper and published it about 
one year. It was edited by Ewell and Aiken. It was then leased to Hiram J. 
Aiken and George D. Mussey. In February, 1864, it was destroyed by fire. The 
motto of the Argus was " The agitation of thought is the beginning of wisdom." 

A State Temperance journal was started by John Russell sometime in 1863. 
This paper was really the old publication turned into a new channel, and was 
printed by Aiken and Mussey, at the Argus office. It was called the Peninsular 
Herald, and was devoted to the cause of Prohibition and Total Abstinence. It ran 
a successful career for some time, and was finally removed tb Detroit, where it en- 
joyed a broader field in journalism, and survived a brief career. Its proprietor is 
so well known in this county as to require no introduction at my hands. His 
prominence as a temperance agitator gave him a wide reputation and secured for 
him the nomination for the Vice-Presidency on the National Temperance Ticket in 
1876. 

On the 30th of May, 1866, John Russell started the Romeo Observer, and the 
history of newspapers since that time in Romeo is almost exclusively' a history of 
the Observer. On the 9th of August, 1866, Irving D. Hanscom and Edward A. 
Teall became its proprietors. They improved and enlarged the paper in 18G6, and 
flung to the breeze the patriotic motto " Wiiere libertj' dwells, there is my country." 
Under this high sounding legend the Observer flourished until March 9th, 1867, 



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HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



when Edwin A. Teall and Lewis N. Moon took it in charge as publishers, and 
printed it until November 19, 1867, when Teall & Co. became its proprietors, the 
company being Harve}- E. Mussey. This Company continued until November 11, 
1868, when Edwin A. Teall became sole editor and proprietor. 

The Observer became an out and out Republican paper in October, 1861), when 
it adopted as its motto " Republican in politics, neutral in nothing." 

On the loth of October, 1869, Irving D. Hanscom again became proprietor of 
the Obsei-ver, and on the twentieth of the same month, Samuel H. Ewell entered 
into co-partnership with him. The paper flourished under their management about 
four years when they sold out to Geo. A. "Waterbury and S. H. Ewell. January 
14th, 1874, Robert G. Baird purchased the interest of Mr. Ewell and this firm con- 
tinued the paper a little over one year. On the 3d of February, 1875, Mr. Water- 
bury became sole editor and proprietor, and has so remained up to the present 
time, with the exception of a single year during which time the establishment was 
leased to S. S. Hopkins, now of St. Clair City. 

During all these yeai-s the Observer has either been an " out and out" Re- 
publican paper, or had a decided leaning in that direction. It has been a strong 
partizan of Romeo in all her local, political, social, and business interests, and has 
been rewarded with a liberal support by the citizens of that village. The Observer 
had every thing its own way (so to speak) and without a rival to molest or make 
it afraid, with a rich field for country journalism, an intelligent class of citizens for 
its patrons, was happy and felt satisfied. 

This charming condition of affairs was disturbed, however, on the 1st of May, 
1880, by the appearance of the Romeo Democrat, Fred. C. and C. H. Buzzel, pro- 
prietors. The Democrat is an enterprising, vivacious, and thoroughly wide-awake 
country paper. Its proprietors are young men, both in years and journalism, but 
they are making their paper an important figure in the newspaper coterie of this 
county. • 

JOURNALS OF UTICA. 

A paper called the Enterprise was established at Utica somewhere about 
the year 1837 or 1838, and was published by Henry Fish and R. W. Jenny, with 
C. B. H. Fessenden as editor ; but the files have been destroyed and we have been 
unable to ascertain any thing more connected with it. 

W. H. Marvin started the Utica Sentinel about five years ago, and has pub- 
lished it up to the present tine. The Sentinel is independent in politics, is a good 
local paper and has every appearance of a successful career before it. 

MOUNT CLEMENS. 

In 1840 a newspaper called the Statesman was started at Mount Clemens by a 






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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Mr. Avery. After a time he was succeeded by a Mr. Brown, and he by John N. 
Ingersoll. The Statesman was a lively and influential paper, published weekly. 
Its editorials were characterized by ability, and it was noted as a hard fighter in the 
field of local politics. We have been recently shown certain political cartoons in 
caricature of John N. Ingersoll, Richard Butler, and other lights of the Whig 
party of that day, which show the spirit of political controversy as then conducted. 
The Statesman was intensely Whig, and its editor was then a leader of that party 
in this State. Mr. Ingersoll remained in Mount Clemens a number of years, active 
in political and social events, but finally removed to Corunna, Shiawassee County, 
where he published the Shiawassee American until his death, which occurred a little 
over a year ago. We can not state accurately the date of the demise of the States- 
man. 

The Macomb County Herald, a Whig paper, was started by George F. Lewis 
in 1848 or 1849, and edited by Richard Butler. In 1850 or 1851 it was purchased 
by Fred B. Lee and published by him about one year, when it was sold to Thomas 
M. Perry, former pul:)lisher of the Patriot, who j^ulilislied it for a short time, when 
the ofl&ce was burned and the Herald ceased to exist. 

The Macomb G-azette was started by Allen P. Bentley, some time about 1849 
or 1850. It was Democratic in politics, and so remained from the date of its birth 
until its demise in 1856. After a short time Mr. Bentley sold the Macomb Grazette 
ofifice to Abner C. Smith, a lawyer, and one of the prominent men of that day at 
the county seat. The writer well remembers Mr. Smith as a tall, intellectual- 
appearing man, who alwa3's wore gold-bowed glasses, and was never seen except in 
the full dignity of his profession of law and journalism. The ofiice of the Gazette 
was on the south side of Court House Square. The writer was employed in the 
office as a printer's " devil " at a very tender age, and at that time its foreman was 
Martin V. Bentley and its jours John Aiken and " Trume " Griffin. 

On the breaking up of the Whig party the Gazette was sold by Mr. Smith, who 
moved to Minnesota, where he practiced law until the time of his death, a few 
yeai-s ago. The purchaser of the Gazette was William L. Canfield, who rechrist- 
ened his paper the " Rejiublican Standard." The Standard, as its name implies, 
was a Republican paper, and was published up to 1866 by Mr. Canfield, who sold 
it to Walter T. Lee and the writer, who enlarged it and " started out " under the 
name of the " Mount Clemens Monitor." 

The Monitor was also Republican in politics. It was a folio of respectable size, 
published weekly, and met with very good success. Tiie writer (Mr. Weeks) sold 
out his interest some time in 1867 to W. T. Lee, who continued its publication 
until he sold to D. M. Cooper. Mr. Cooper finally sold to a Mr. O'Brien, who soon 



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333 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



after sold to J. E. Nellis & Son who are now publishing the Monitor, and publish- 
ing a successful and acceptable county newspaper. 

We have followed the Statesman through all its clianges and vicissitudes as 
the most convenient way of treating the subject. AVe will now retrace our steps to 
1840, in which year Thomas M. Perry landed at Mount Clemens from a steamboat 
with printing material, which he moved to the old frame building known as the 
Lewis Building, then standing on the site of the present new and elegant countj^ 
jail and Slieriff's residence, and commenced the publication of tiie Mount Clemens 
Patriot. The Patriot was a Democratic newspaper, edited and conducted in the 
interest of the local Democracy, with more than the ordinary ability bestowed on 
country newspapers. Mr. Perry was, in his way, a remarkable specimen of pug- 
nacity and tenacity. He had seen much of the world, and was entirely absorbed 
in his editorial profession, was a practical printer and would stand at his case 
and put his leaders in type without manuscript or notes before him. When in one 
of Ids frequent tempests of passion he was a terror to every one around him. The 
Patriot was burned out in one of the big fires that visited Mount Clemens. It was 
then located on Pearl Street, when Mr. Perry was again heard from as a publisher, 
and where he remained thereafter. 

Some time about the year 1854 another paper made its advent in Mt. Clemens. 
It was brought there by Geo. F. Lewis. Lewis had been a publisher at Port Huron, 
but came here and established the Peninsular Advocate. The Advocate was a Dem- 
ocrat paper, and its office was located in wliat was known as the " Leviathan " 
building, which stood on Front street, on the site of the new block now occupied 
by the post-office. It was a first-class county paper, quite pretentious in size and 
appearance. Its editorial management was first class, as all who know Fred Lewis 
will readily concede. During the first years of the civil war, the Advocate contin- 
ued to be published, and the writer was its " war correspondent " from the army of 
the Potomac. Mr. Lewis, however, moved to Saginaw, and the Advocate ceased to 
exist, but was soon followed by the Mt. Clemens Conservative Press, under the man- 
agement of Jas. B. Eldredge and Wm.Longstaff. The Mt. Clemens Press had its 
origin in the old Macomb Conservative Press, which was established in 1863 by a 
stock company. The material was mostly purchased second-hand, and is sup- 
posed to be the remnants of the Peninsular Advocate, established by Mr. Perry some 
years previous, and suspended. Several fonts of wood type still remain in the office 
in almost a perfect condition. Messrs. J. B. Eldredge and Wm. Longstaff became 
the editors and general managers of the Conservative Press, and continued in this 
capacity until 1868, when John Trevidick, who had been the practical head of the 
office for a number of years, became the publisher, changing the name to the Mt; 
Clemens Press. Mr. Trevidick continued the publication until December, 1882, 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 333 

when the click of the type on the printer's rule ceased in the Press office. " Until 
further notice, no paper will be issued from this office," was the " special announce- 
ment "that greeted its readers on the 26th day of December, 1872. But the 
further notice was destined to come from other quills than those that had hereto- 
fore done service on the columns of the Press. In the following spring, May 1st, 
1873, the former readers of the paper were greeted by its re-appearance under the 
management of S. B. Russell, editor and proprietor. 

Among the earlier pei'iodicals of Mt. Clemens we must mention the Masonic 
magazine called the Ancient Landmark, which was published by A. C. Smith, 
before mentioned, from the Gazette office. Mr. Smith was a man of literary taste 
and an enthusiastic Mason. Tlie little magazine was published a number of years, 
and ceased with the demise of the Gazette and the removal of Mr. Smith to Min- 
nesota. 

About 1872 another newspaper was started at Mt. Clemens, called the Me- 
porter. Its editor and proprietor was Lew. M. Miller, and tliougli tlie career of the 
Reporter was soon cut short by the removal of Mr. Miller to another field, it will 
long be remembered in the Republican campaign of 1872. 

Later, Walter T. Lee started the Mt. Clemens True Record, which, after a brief 
and unsuccessful existence, was purcliased by W. N. Miller & Co., and called the 
Mt. Clemens RepuMican, which has been published since October, 1880. The 
Republican is also Republican in politics, though principally devoted to matters of 
local interest. 

This, we believe, completes the list of newspapers and periodicals which, from 
the earliest history of the county seat, have been published there. However, from 
time to time special publications have appeared, one of whicli was a holiday picto- 
rial issued by Geo. F. Lewis from the Advocate office, about the Christmas of 1859 
or 1860. The pictorial was a masterpiece of local talent and skill. Upon its pro- 
duction was lavished the editorial ability of Geo. F. Lewis, Edgar Weeks and Michael 
Stapleton, whose sketches drew heavily upon the classics, both ancient and modern. 
The artists were Edgar Weeks and W. T. Lee, whose wood engravings rivaled 
those of the Aldine itself; all the patent medicine cuts in the offices of Mt. Clemens 
were utilized. One made to represent the Goddess Juno in her chariot of the 
Sun. Another, "before taking" was made to represent some doleful figure in 
public life, while the "after taking" made a good shift for the physiognomy of some 
successful and self-satisfied statesman, whose perennial smile was the principal 
feature of the artistic effort. The pictorial was a great local hit and a success. We 
have in our possession a copy of the carrier's address to the patrons of the Mt. 
Clemens Patriot, of January 1st, 1842. It was written by Miss Lewis, now Mrs. 
N. L. Miller, and makes mention of local history long since forgotten by most of the 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



men and women of the pi-esent generation. It was published soon after the death 
of President Harrison, and in the midst of the political changes which were taking 
place alludes feelingly to the recent national bereavement, naturally lauds the new 
President and finally speaks about the removal of the recent incumbents of the Mt. 
Clemens postoffice and deputy coUectorship, and mentions the appointment of Giles 
Hubbard to the first and Henry D. Terry to the second named place. The poet 
says : 

Changes political are few, 

But yet I think of one or two ; 

Our good Post-master has been removed, 

Although a faithful servant proved. 

May Giles, who fills his place of late 

His bright example emulate. 

The Custom it has been before, 

For General S to watch our shore, 

But the Mayor is now our Collector — 
Of smuggled goods a safe detector. 

Tliese allusions to Giles Hubbard, John Stockton and Henry D. Terry, all of 
tliem once prominent in the social and political events of the country, and all now 
lying in their graves, revive a sad and mournful regret over the memories of three 
men whose names will be carried down into the distant future upon the public 
records of Macomb County. 

During the years over which our sketch has extended, other men have figured 
in the newspaper history of Mt. Clemens, prominent among them, William Long- 
staff, once a practical printer, and now a well-known citizen of Mt. Clemens. John 
Atkins, a practical printer of merit, who many years ago removed to Council Bluffs, 
Iowa. Fred B. Lee, also a practical printer, now publisher of the Monroe Index. 
W. T. Lee, of whom mention has been made before, now in Monroe engaged in his 
trade as a printer. Charles H. Lee, now proprietor of the Saginaw Republican, at 
Saginaw City. David A. Stockton, a practical printer, who removed to Canada 
some years ago. W. C. Stockton, a practical printer, who lives in Mt. 
Clemens. Andrew S. Robertson, once one of the foremost lawyers of the county, 
a leading politician, a State Senator, and a man of I'are abilities who was once editor 
of the Peninsular Advocate ; also Mark H. March, who now pursues his vocation as 
a job printer in Detroit. 

These reminiscences are written largely from personal recollections and may be 
inaccurate in respect to some of the dates. These can be hereafter verified by 
some member of the Pioneer Society who may have leisure to devote to the task, and 
who, we trust will be able to treat the subject more ably than the j^resent writer. 
To those men who have had charge through all these years, of that powerful engine, 
the local press, the city and county owe much which can be best paid by preserving 






HISTORY OF 5IAC0MB COUNTY. 335 

in the ajchives of our Pioneer Society, a memorial of their names and hiboi's, for the 
emulation of those who come hereafter. 

NEW BALTIMORE. 

Sometime about the year 1853, Tliomas M. Perry, mentioned as the founder of 
the Mt. Clemens Patriot, started a paper at Ashleyville, near New Baltimore. It 
was called the Ashleyville Independent. The writer was employed in this office 
part of the first year of its publication. Ashleyville was then one of the most enter- 
prising and promising villages in the county. It was the center of a large stave 
trade, and its mills gave employment to a large population of laborers. But the 
Independent did not long survive, and we believe that its material was afterward 
brought to JMt. Clemens and became a part of the Peninsidar Advocate, under George 
F. Lewis, as heretofore mentioned. Some time afterward, another little paper bear- 
ing the same name was started at Ashleyville, by Martin V. Ferris, then a practicing 
lawyer there. The mechanical work was done by Edgar Weeks. But this paper 
did not long survive, as the business of the village then did not justify the venture. 
These are the only papers ever printed in New Baltimore. Mr. Ferris removed to 
Indiana and pursued tlie practice of law there, where he died a few years ago. 

RICHMOND. 

The Richmond Herald was established at Richmond on the 8th of June, 1876, 
by Del T. Sutton and George W. Kenfield. Mr. Kenfield only remained in the 
business a few weeks, but Mr. Sutton continued its publication until November, 
1876, when he sold the establishment to David S. Cooper. 

Mr. Cooper published the Herald until June, 1877, when the publication was 
discontinued. The good people of Richmond had not then conceived the thought of 
the future rapid growth of their little city and the Herald was born before its 
time. But Richmond began to move. Its importance as a manufacturing center 
began to make itself apparent, and on the 8th day of November, 1877, William C. 
Walter, an enterprising young man, started the Richmond Review. Walter pub- 
lished the Review until the 23d of November, 1879, when it was sold to Frank S. 
Abbott, then a practicing attorney at Richmond. Mr. Abbott continued the publi- 
cation of the Review until the 7th of August, 1880, when it was purchased by Del 
T. Sutton, its present editor and proprietor. Mr. Abbott removed to Wyandotte, 
where he is engaged in publishing a newspaper. 

The Review lias alwajs been independent in politics, and devoted to the local 
interests of the village of its nativity. It is now a six-column eight-page paper, suc- 
cessful, bright and enterprising, and a fair exponent of the intelligence and thrift of 
the pleasant village of Richmond. 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Armada village is one of the bright enterprising towns of the county, sur- 
rounded by a wealthy and intelligent community, and inhabited by an industrious 
and thorough class of business men, and it seems a good field for a newspaper. 

In 1874 the Armada Index was founded by Ed. H. Bently, the first number 
appearing in October of that year. It was edited and managed at Armada thougii 
printed at Detroit. It was a five-column paper, independent in politics and issued 
weekly. Though sprightly and intelligent it failed to survive the first year. 

In 1876, in April, Mr. A. F. Stowe, started a small job office at Armada, and 
on the 10th of May published the first number of the Armada Telegraph. It was a 
small four-column pap$r, quarto in form, independent in politics. In the vicissitudes 
of its early career it was reduced in size to a four-column bi-weekly folio, and its 
publication continued by Mr. Stowe until January 1880, when he sold to Charles J. 
Seel3\ Mr. Seely immediately enlarged the paper, commenced the publication of a 
weekly again, enlarged it to a six-column quarto in which form it is now published 
by Mr. Seely, with every appearance and prospect of success. The Telegraph is in- 
dependent in politics. In August 1880, J. E. Barringer, the enterprising secretary 
of the Armada Agricultural Society, commenced the publication of the Armada 
Agriculturalist. It is published during tlie months of August, September and 
October of each year, and is devoted to the interests of the Agricultural Society of 
Armada and the success of the Armada Fair held at that place. 

PEESONAL NOTICES. 

Spencer Boothe Russell, the present editor and proprietor of the Press, is the 
son of John and Ruth Ann Russell, the former a native of Ireland, who immigrated 
to the United States when but eighteen years of age, settling in the State of New 
York, where he continued to reside until his death in 1851. He was a hardy, wiry 
si^ecimen of that ancient Celtic race of whom it was truly said "he was the 
straightest man in the county, an accomplished athlete, and without a peer, either 
in the harvest field or in the garb of a Christian." His wife was Ruth Ann Bur- 
ton, nee Andrus. The Andrus family came from Rhode Island into Yates county. 
New York in an early da3^ The family dates its origin back to the landing of the 
Pilgrims, and proudly traces its progenitors to the blue-blooded Puritans who came 
over in the May Flower. They are of that peculiar type of Rhode Island yankee, 
whose physiognomic traits and Quakerish drollery of dialect are all present. Not 
even the Celtic blood, the quick wit and ready speech of a North of Irelander, have 
been able to absorb the identit}^ of the Andrus type of New England's sturdy 
stock. The town of Jerusalem, Yates Couuty, N. Y., became the home of the 
Russells, and here the subject of this sketch was born, November 24, 1846. A few 



M* 






IIISTOUY OF M.VCOMB COUNTY. 



years later the family moved to Ontario County where John Russell met his death 
from the effects of overwork and exposure. The widow toiled on with her six 
fatherless children for a few years, and then moved West, landing at New Balti- 
more, Macomb County, in the fall of 1853. The poor woman but journeyed to lier 
death; for after a brief struggle with poverty and disease of the new West, she, 
too, entered upon that long journey beyond the river, bequeathing her six little 
ones to the world. In the spring of 1855, the subject of our narrative, being left 
practically homeless and friendless, started out to make a name and fortune in a 
world of which he knew nothing. Being recommended to the family of Abbot 
Van Horn, who had just settled in the woods of northeastern Chesterfield town- 
ship, he went to the home of that settler, and entered into his first business 
transaction. Van Horn agreed to furnish him a home and give him what advan- 
tages the district school afforded, until he was eighteen years old. On his own be- 
half the boy contractor promised to stay the required term of years, to give his 
assistance on the farm in summer season and such as he could while attending 
school. No contract, signed and sealed with all the impressive solemnities and 
forms of law, was ever more sacredly observed. And to the influence of this Chris- 
tian home, and the principles of business integrity and morality here inculcated, 
Mr. R. credits his success in life. After the expiration of his contract the 
next few years were spent in a course of schooling and private instructions at Mt. 
Clemens. In the spring of 1866 he entered the law office of Hubbard & Crocker, 
and began the study of law, which was continued, with the exception of the win- 
ter months spent in teaching district schools, until August, 1868, when he was ad- 
mitted to the bar of Macomb Couuty. His examination was pronounced by the 
judge and bar to be one of the best in the iiistory of the circuit. Visiting his native 
State during the following winter a little incident happened that may not be out of 
place here. The reported loss of a party of sleigh-riders while crossing a lake, led 
to the rumor at Mt. Clemens that Mr. Russell was one of the number. The report 
spread rapidly and gained credence wherever it was told. Many were the expres- 
sions of regret that so promising a career should be thus suddenly cut-off in the 
very beginning. " One day," says Mr. Russell, " there came a letter from a distant 
friend less credulous than those at Mt. Clemens informing me of my reported death 
and the anxiety of friends at my old home. The anxious friends were at once re- 
lieved, but the report was never publicly contradicted until my appearance ui^on 
the streets of Mt. Clemens the following April. I shall never forget the look of 
blank astonishment with which I was greeted by those to whom my appearance was 
the first intimation of a resurrection." Instinctively following the Star of Empire, 
Mr. R. took his flight westward, and on the 9th of May, 1869, found himself in the 
city of Omaha, Neb. But a longing desire to enter his chosen profession never de- 



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338 IIISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

serted him, and the following January he hung out his professional shingle at Fort 
Scott, Kan., upon which the empire star was at that time shedding its most effulgent 
rays. But that season was very unhealthy, and after a severe attack of fever fol- 
lowed by the Kansas shakes he decided to forever " shake " that country, which he 
did, retiring to western Michigan in the fall of 1870 very much broken in health, 
and so found his way back to Mt. Clemens two years later. In the spring of 1873, 
he was elected to the office of County Superintendent of Schools, and on the first 
day of May assumed the duties of his office, and also the editorial management of 
The Press. After two years of double duty the Superintendency Law was repealed, 
since which time he has given his entire attention to newsj^aper work. In 1878 he 
associated his brother in business with him, who still shares the duties of manage- 
ment. 

Mr. Russell took an active part in local politics, holding several minor offices in 
the village, afterwards city, until the spring of 1881, when he was chosen mayor of 
the city over a formidable opponent. The story of his subsequent removal by the 
Governor, on purely technical grounds, his re-nomination and re-election as given 
elsewhere in this volume, is a fair and impartial recital of the facts. The legal 
technicality upon which the Governor based the removal was the alleged interest of 
Mayor Russell in a contract for printing between the city and the firm of S. B. and 
H. E. Russell, which, as shown by the testimony, amounted to less than $25 a year 
and was entered into for the sole benefit of H. E. Russell. The case attracted the 
attention of the Press throughout the State and never was the official act of an 
executive more severely criticised and impartially condemned. Public sympathy 
in Macomb Countj'' was all in favor of Mr. Russell and his re-accession to tlie may- 
oralty was a subject of congratulation for months afterward. Instead of the stain 
which a few political enemies had confidently hoped to bring upon his public record, 
it proved one of the happiest triumphs of his whole life. No more appropriate 
woi'ds can be used in closing this short biographical sketch than the following from 
the pen of that veteran journalist and former citizen, Geo. F. Lewis. The article 
is only one of the many handsome tributes paid Mr. Russell at the time by the daily 
and weekly press of the State. It appeared in the Bay City Morning Call, of which Mr. 
Lewis was then managing editor, and may form a very apt conclusion to this sketch. 
" Mr. Russell," says the writer, " is a gentleman of no small individuality, a clever 
man of some means, decidedly good financial ability, undemonstrative even to 
reticence, but square and conscientious, if we know what is what in this direction. 
He is far from that morbid sensibility which magnifies every trifling trouble into a 
threatened disaster, and satisfied in his conscience that he meant to be fair and 
honorable, he paid very little attention to the proceedings which were taken for his 
removal. 



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-4h. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



"Henry E. Russell was born in the town of Jerusalem, Yates Co., N. Y., 
in 1848. Came to this State and county in 1852, moved to Oakland in 1860, and 
to Allegan in 1863. where he lived until the late rebellion. He enlisted in the 24th 
Michigan Infantry in 1864, and served until the close of the war. After the war 
he entered the Seminary at Allegan, and received such an education as that 
institution affords. He left the Seminar}^ in 1869. Taught schools in Allegan up 
to 1872, when he moved into Kent County. There he taught school in Alpine and 
Algoma Townships until 1874, when he returned to Macomb. He passed a short 
time at Memphis, this county, in 1874, and in the winter of that j'ear entered the 
office of the Press at Mount Clemens. In 1878 he formed a partnership with S. B. 
Russell. He is a practical printer and superintendent of office. Mr. Russell was 
married to Miss Fanny M. Miller, sister of Lew M. Miller, of Lansing, April 23, 
1878." 

John E. Nellis, publisher of the Monitor, was born at Brantford, Canada West, 
August 80, 1828. His father, John Nellis, was born in New York State about 1775, 
and left that State with his father, who was one of the U. E. Loyalists of that time. 
Mr. Nellis was educated at Brantford. In 1856 he began mercantile life, which 
he continued in Michigan from 1866 to 1872, when he entered on the publication 
of the Wayne County Courier. The first number of the Courier was issued in 
January, 1873. Mr. Nellis published the journal until March, 1879, when he dis- 
posed of his interest therein, and moved to Mount Clemens, there he purchased tlie 
Monitor from Edward O'Brien, and entered at once on the publication of that jour- 
nal, which now is considered one of the best managed and edited weekly newspa- 
pers in this State. He has filled the position of United States Custom Officer at 
the port of Mount Clemens since March, 1880. Mr. Nellis married Miss Eleanor R. 
Griffin in 1855. The children of this marriage are Georgiana, born in 1856; 
Frank E., born in 1857 ; Jesse M., born 1861 ; Nellie A., born in 1863, and Grace 
R., born January 7, 1874. 

Frank E. Nellis, editor of the Monitor, boru at Watertown, Canada, Marcli 27, 
1857, settled in Wayne County, Michigan, in 1866. He attended the schools of 
Wyandotte until 1871, wlien he entered the Enterprise office, where he learned the 
art of printing. When his fathei' became publisher of the Courier he continued to 
work there as foreman until 1875, when he became local editor. In 1878 he 
entered the Detroit office of the Courier. He remained at Detroit until March, 
1879, when he came to Mount Clemens as editor of the Monitor, in which journal 
he claims a third interest. As editor of this journal he has won for himself the 
name of being at once energetic, industrious, judicious and honest. They form the 
main characteristics of the man. Mr. Nellis, Sr., is business manager of the [>aper^ 
which position is admirably filled. Within the last two years the circulation of 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the Monitor has inci'eased from 300 to 1,000 copies per week ; while the value of 
the office has advanced from $1,200 to $6,000. 

Lew. M. Miller, formerly connected with the Press of Macomb, was born in Ray 
Township, March 3, 1849. In the summer of 1868 he entered the law office of Hub- 
bard & Crocker. Had charge of school at Davis or Brooklyn in 1869-70, and at 
Freeman's Mill in 1870-'71, when he received the appointment of engrossing clerk 
of tlie Mich. H. of R. Since that period he has served in the house as engrossing 
and enrolling clerk or journal clerk, during three extra sessions and six regular ses- 
sions of the Legislature. He was elected Circuit Court Commissioner for Macomb 
in 1872. In the summer of 1873, he issued the Mount Clemens Reporter. In 1875 
he assumed control of the Big Rapids Magnet ; but severed his connection with that 
journal in 1876. Returning to Mt. Clemens, he consolidated the Reporter with the 
Monitor, the latter having been purchased by Tliomas H. Foster. He made it, what 
is termed a " red-hot Republican paper."' In 1877 Forster & Miller sold their inter- 
est in the Monitor to Cooper. Since 1878 Mr. Miller has made Lansing his home, 
where he is a member of the Secretary of State's staff. His marriage with Miss 
Mary A. Clippinger, of Lansing, took place Feb. 3, 1875. 

George Alvin Waterbury, son of John C. and Lory A (Parks) Waterbury, was 
born near St. Clair, St. Clair Co., Aug. 11, 1847. At an early day Mr. Waterbury, 
Sr., and family came to Micliigan. In 1845 he removed from Calhoun County and 
settled tinee miles north of Lexington, in Sanilac County, where he resided until 
1852, when the family moved into Lexington village. There George A. attended 
school and continued there until 1863, when lie became a student at the Dickinson 
Institute, Ronieo. He attended tluxt institution for about two years; before it be- 
came the Union school. He then went to Oberlin in 1865-'6, which college he at- 
tended until 1868. In 1868 he entered the law department of the University at 
Ann Arbor, where he graduated in 1869. On leaving college he entered the law 
office of Newbury, Pond & Brown at Detroit, where he remained about a year. 
In 1871, Mr. Waterbury was connected with the post-office at Lexington. Sub- 
sequently he traveled extensively until June 1873. In Aug. 1873, he purchased 
tlie office of the Observer from I. D. Hanscom, and entered upon the publication of 
that journal the same month. Mr. Waterbury married Miss Jennie Killam of 
Addison Township, Oakland Co., daughter of Powell C. Killam, formerly of Bruce, 
referred to in the historical sketch of Bruce Township. 

John C. Waterbury, father of G. A. Waterbury of Romeo, may be considered 
an old resident of Sanilac County. He has served that district of Michigan, in the 
Legislature for two terms, and in the Senate for two terms. He was appointed 
United States Assessor during tlie war ; elected Judge of Probate for his County, 
and held many offices of trust in the township of Lexington. He was born in Del- 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



aware County N. Y., in 1815, came to Michigan, and settled in Calhoun County in 
1838 ; moved thence to St. Clair County in 1840, and again to Sanilac in 1847, 
where he now resides. He married Miss Lory Andrews Parks, in 1838. This lady 
was born in Saratoga County, N. Y., in 1815, and came with her husband to Mich- 
igan in 1838. 

F. C. Buzzell and his brother C. H. Buzzell, inaugurated a new paper in 1880 
under the name of the Romeo Democrat, and the first number was issued May 1 of 
that year. As individuals the Buzzells are strictly Republican in politics; yet 
their journal is a faithful advocate of Democratic principles. The first named pro- 
prietor, son of Martin and Julia A. (Wing) Buzzell, was born at Romeo, July 3, 
1856; was educated in the schools of the village, entered on the study of law in the 
office of J. L. Starkweatlier, in 1876, and opened a law office in 1877, the business 
of which office is conducted by liim at present. 

Clyde H. Buzzell, brother of F. C. Buzzell, was born at Romeo in 1858. He 
is a practical printer, and holds the position of foreman in the Observer office since 
April 1881. In connection with the history of Romeo, a biographical sketch of 
this family is given. 

William H. Marvin, son of Milton and M. A. (Morse) Marvin natives of New 
York, was born at Ypsilanti, Mich., Oct. 14, 1842. He attended the district school, 
and in 1866 entered the Normal School of Ypsilanti, where he studied for three 
years. After leaving the Noruial, he inaugurated a real estate and insurance office at 
Ithaca, Gratiot Co. There he continued in business until 1871, when he moved to 
Toledo, O. After some time devoted to insurance business at Toledo, he pub- 
lished tlie first railroad guide ever issued there, which is now a prosperous publica- 
tion bearing the endorsement of all the i-ailroad companies. In 1873 he entered 
the office, now known as the Northern Ohio Democrat. Here he continued until 
'1874. During that year he opened a printing office in company with E. V. E. 
Ranch. In 1856 he moved to Utica, Mich., where he established the Utica iS'ewime/, 
with O. B. Culley as a partner. The first copy of this paper was issued Aug. 11, 
1876, being the first newspaper published in the village since the collapse of the 
Utica Enterprise over forty years ago. In 1877 Culley disposed of his interest in 
the Sentinel, and removed to Marine City. This journal is thoroughly independent, 
well conducted, and claimed to be one of the most prosperous newspapers in the 
county. Mr. Marvin married Laura E. Smith, of Ithaca, Oct. 4, 1868. The chil- 
dren are Luna, born Feb. 14, 1870, and Laura P., born Sept. 23, 1874. 

Ciiarles J. Seeley, son of Burton W. and Mary (Curtis) Seeley, was born 
in Armada village, March 4, 1861. Has always lived in the village and has 
engaged in various enterprises until Jan. 1, 1880, at which time he purchased 
of A. F. Stowe the Armada Telegra2yh, and is the owner and manager of that 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



paper at the present time. It is published in the interest of the Republican 
party. 

Del. T. Sutton, editor and publisher of the Richmond Revieiv, was born Oct. 1, 
1858. The greater portion of the first seven or eight years of his life was spent 
on a farm, in what is known as the Kellogg neighborhood, in the township of Ray, 
in this county. He then removed to Richmond, where his father William R. 
Sutton, engaged in the mercantile business. Residing at that place for some ye.ars, 
he removed to New Haven. He lived at this place for several years when 
he returned to Richmond. In June, 1876, in company with George W. Kin- 
field, he started the Richmond Ilendd. After an existence of about two weeks, 
the partnership was dissolved, Mr. Sutton assuming the whole business, which he 
continued until November of the same year, when he sold out to David L. 
Cooper, in whose employ he remained for about eight montlis. He then assumed 
the position of local and assistant editor of the Port Huron Da'thi and Wei'Mij 
Times, where he remained for several months. His next enterprise was the estab- 
lishing of the G^re.enhach Sentinel, a campaign journal. In October, 1878, he 
removed to Homer, Calhoun Co.. to edit and publish the Index. He was married 
to Miss Lillie B. Thompson, of Richmond, Dec. 25, 1878. In August, 1880, he 
returned to Richmond, purchased the Richmond Review, of which journal he is 
now editor and publisher. 

Geo. F. Lewis, known as the "genial Saginawian," " Fred" Lewis, etc., etc., 
was born at Harvard, Worcester County, Mass., June 7, 1828. Came with parents 
to Mt. Clemens in 18.35. Set first type in office of Macomb Statesman, tlien edited 
by John N. Ingersoll. Subsequently held positions in the office of the Mt. Clemens 
Patriot, in 1838; the Detroit Daily Commercial Bulletin, in 1848; the ATacomh Co. 
Herald, in 1849 ; the Port Huron Commercial, in 1851 ; the Peninsular Advocate, in 
18.55. In March, 1868, he inaugurated the Daily Courier, at Saginaw; projected' 
the Saginau'ian, in 1869; the Mt. Pleasant t7b?<r«rtZ, in 1880, and the'Daily Morning 
Call, at Bay City, in 1881. 

We have now given, in as much detail as the subject requires, a history of the 
newspapers of Macomb County. For many of the facts the writer is indebted to 
friends who have kindly aided him with memoranda of names and dates, and thus 
materially lessened the labor of research. Among tliose whose kindness in this 
respect we desire specially to acknowledge are Fred. B. Lee, of the Monroe Index ; 
Del T. Sutton, of the Richmond B^euiew; Chas. J. Seely, of tlie Armada Telegraph ; 
S. H. Ewell, of Romeo ; A. J. Heath, of New Haven ; N. L. Miller, of Mt. Clemens. 

Tlie foregoing is but a sketch of the subject. There remains yet to be told 
the story of the newspaper man's struggle with poverty; the bitter disappoint- 
ment of his cherished plans and hopes when liis journal proved a financial disaster ; 



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HISTORY OP ]\rAC0JII5 COUNTY. 343 

the heart burnings born in the midst of controversy ; the generous feeling of for- 
giveness when the controversy was ended ; the improvidence of the printer which 
led to financial embarrassment ; the unappreciated talent expended upon a too 
indifferent public; the loyal liberality of one of the profession toward another, 
which is a distinguishing characteristic of the trade of printing and journalism ; 
and last, the many happy social events which have been enjoyed at the ancient cel- 
ebrations of Franklin's birthday. 

It was once a rule of the profession in tiiis county to celebrate the birthday of 
Benjamin Franklin, and over a generous banquet, with music and fair speeches, to 
laud the Printer, Statesman and Patriot, and keep green the memory of the distin- 
guished men who have in the past adorned the printer's trade and the profession of 
journalism. In the midst of such scenes we have heard the ringing oratory of An- 
drew S. Robertson, the witty response of Geo. F. Lewis, the quiet good sense of 
Fred. Lee, and the eloquence of other tongues, some of which are sealed with the 
silence of the grave. 

Our county has had tlie services of these men. Their hearts and brains have 
been taxed in promoting the interests of the people of this county, and these inter- 
ests have been generously served by them. There are many personal reminiscences 
which belong to this sketch, but the time at our disposal prevents our entering upon 
their detail. In the ranks of the profession have been numbered the political 
leaders of the county, the leaders of our legal men, the leaders of the advance to 
social and practical events within the borders of our county, and .the fraternity of 
to-day can look back over the past history of their profession in this county with 
a just pride in their achievements, tlieir ability, their social and political standing, 
and claim descent from a noble line of leaders. May we hope that at some future 
gathering of the Pioneer Society the men of to-day may be recognized in the same 
way by our followers, " and that the good we do may live after us." 



CHAPTER XIX. 

POETRY OF MACOMB. 

From the earliest period in the history of man, poetry has maintained a relation 
to him at once remarkable and mysterious. She always led him from the mate- 
rialistic longings of nature, to a reverence for the Invisible Ruler of the Universe. 
In every age, in every land, she hesitated not for a moment in her admiration of the 
world's Great Architect ; she always believed and adored the Divinity, without 
other proof than faith, without other demonstration of His being, than that which 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Nature spreads before her. In this poetry is alone sublime. Let us, for an instant, 
east away hope, or set aside our belief that this world is the work of an Almighty 
hand. What is the result? Our senses become enshrouded in a cloud which seems 
to damp our energies, as well as to hide tlie beauties of Nature, and leave the animal 
side of our own cliaracters alone visible. True religion and poetry have ever walked 
together. Under the Old Dispensation, the commands of our God were entrusted 
to her regular measures, and centuries after the Prophets, she was made the lan- 
guage of the New Law. Poetry has been, is, and will be the language of Heaven, 
the language which at once soothes and elevates the soul of man, the language which 
maj^ be comprehended and felt, in a word the language of refined thought which 
comprehends by faith, and points out the end from the beginning. 

The propriety of introducing this chapter can not be questioned. Not only 
do the jioems contribute to show the character of the poetry, which flourished in 
the county from 1860 to the present time ; but they also serve, in some few in- 
stances, to recall events and names in the history of Macomb, that might otherwise 
be forgotten. It may be stated, however, that no effort was made toward a special 
collection of verses, tlie few which do appear being selected from a very limited 
repertoire. 



THE WORLD'S PIONEER. 

BY JAMES I.AWSON. 
" Of Arts and Arms," let Virgil sing, 

And Homer chant heroic lays ; 
My hands shall strike a nobler string. 

The world's bold pioneers to praise. 

" Be faithful, multiply, give birth, 

Replenish and subdue the earth," 

Determined in the Heavenly plan 

The life and destiny of man 

To be a wanderer ; and he. 

Clad with dominion, conquers sea 

And land. The empire of his reign, 

Tlie world's encircling, wide domain. 

If Adam's fall, and the great sin 

Of disobedience had not been, 

The gates of Eden would in vain, 

Have barred his exit to the plain 

Of Edom. If from branded Cain 

Obedience had wiped the stain 

Of murder, the submerging flood, 

That deluged earth, had not been blood. 

The wisdom of the times to be 

Siill hangs upon the central tree 

Of knowledge. Ignorance will taste 



The fruit, and learn at bitter waste. 

The evil with the good inwrought 

For ev'ry blessing man has sought 

The wings of broken law have brought 

Full mated with the punishment. 

But time and mercy have been lent 

The tresp.isser ; the respite been 

Prolonged beyond the day of sin. 

And Enochs gone in many lands 

And cities builded with their hands. 

Great Nimrods through the forests strayed, 

And Tubals wrought the polished blade. 

Subduing wastes, oceans subdued 

Until a singing multitude 

Has peopled earth, repeopled o'er 

Isles of the seas, and distant shore 

Of continent. The waves of time 

Have borne his seed to every clime 

And ebbed and flowed in end'ess tide, 

Far reaching as the ambient wide. 

Empires been founded, passed away. 

And others built on their debris. 

Till not an islet lone, or glen. 

That has not nursed the sons of men, 

And every step the present tread 

To where the past has laid its dead. 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 345 


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And foot-steps of the coming I'ace 


Long time his little fleet sails on. 






Will soon disturb our resting-place. 


Till doubt and murmuring faint had grown 






No ocean where his daring prow 


To mutiny. A coward's soul 






Has ventured not, or ventures now, 


Can never reach a higher goal 






Where yet tlie world great Argosies 


Than its own littleness, and yet 






Are searching for the Golden Fleece 


The noblest spirit may be met 






Of Colchis ; and every day 


And baffled by the meanest churl 






Sees other Jasons sail away 


That breathes. Envy would hurl 






In search of some new Colchian shore 


The pillars of the noblest fame 






Which golden skies ate flocking o'er, 


That genius rears, though gods were slain. 






Some Leon seeking for the Spring 


And thousands perished in the fall ; 






Whose waters youth immortal bring, 
Only to find life's voyage o'er 


May his parched lips be quenched with gall, 
While fires of hell consume his soul. 






Nepenthe on the distant shore 


Who, envious of the good and great. 






Of sweet forgetfulness. The cup 
Of Death's dark fountain lifted up 


Would rob them of their rightful state. 
Though chains with triple steel are wrought, 






Unto his lips ; the bitter draught 
Of.Lethe's stream forever quaffed 


They have no power to fetter tliought. 
Nor daunt a hero's breast. Alone 






Some Nordson with his tattered sails 


The daring pioneer leads on, 






Still searching for Valhalla's dales. 


With thoughts as high above his clan 






Or Cartier for the Acadian shore. 


As Alps above the marshy plain 






Which restless mortals would explore. 


Of Lombardy. Steadfast his faith. 






For pleasures, which are found alone 


Amid the taunts and threats of death 






To cluster round their own hearthstone, 


From his vile crew. On bended knee 






Some Cook, far seeking in the West 


For three days more — for only three — 






The Happy Islands of the Blessed, 

But other shores, whose feet have pressed 


He pleads. Momentous days, how brief, 
What anguish, hope, distrust and grief 






In that dark sea of the unknown. 


Are crowded there. What deed sublime 






Whose waves in ceaseless sweep roll on. 


Hangs on that little space of Time. 






A Moses, with a wand'ring band 


Thrice at the close of day the sun 






Long journeying to some Promised Land, 


Into the waste of waves goes down. 






Whose weary feet, for life have pressed 
The desert waste and found no rest 


And yet no land. And can there be 
No farther shore to that vast sea. 






On Nebo's Mount, sinks down at last. 


Wide spreading as immensity? 






The Jordan of his hopes unpassed. 
Columbus for the Eastern seas. 


Dies on the wave the midnight bell : 
'Tis twelve o'clock and all is well, 






Still sailing westward with the breeze 


But not to him, who sleepless lies 






Of autumn late, while early spring 
Perforce was spent in loitering. 


Upon his couch. The next sunrise 
Is life or death. Sad soul be calm ! 






By chance may gain, not what he sought. 


How little mortals know for them 






But objects widest of his thought. 


What fate awaits ; the darkest night 






Columbus ! Bravest of the brave, 


Will often break with rosy light 






Bold mariners on ocean's wave ; 


At morn. The glass has marked the day 






With brow to plan, with soul to dare. 


When he must fruitless turn away 






Twin born with Faith, stranger to fear. 


From his long search. Ah no ! a light 






With three small ships boldly sets sail. 
Where never keel had marked a trail 


Gleams through the darkness of the night. 
And Hope with her swift pinions bright. 




J 




Upon the chart, or pilot been 

To guide him o'er the deep unseen. 


Sits perched upon the Pinta's prow. 
Faith holds a steady rudder now, 


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346 HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 


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With cautious lead they stand away. 


. And broader fields give broader view. 






And anxious watch the break of day. 


The temple by the school-house stands. 






It comes at last — the mists are curled. 


Teacher and pastor shaking hands. 






And shouts proclaim a new found world. 


And towns and homes and temples stand, 






Crowned with success the very morn 


The triumphs of his toiling hand, 






Set for their hopeless, sad return, 


And Freedom's banner of the skies, 






Three gallant ships securely ride 


Floats o'er another Paradise. 






At anchor on Bahama's tide. 


Another spot of earth subdued, 






Rebellion, doubt, distrust, dismay. 


That toil has wrung from solitude ; 






Swept with that morning's mists away, 


Where at the closing hours of day, 






And he — so late derided, jeered — 


Contentment drives dull care away ; 






Honored and flattered and revered. 


And Retrospection's eyes are cast 






Unknown upon the scroll of fame. 


Back on the rugged hill that's passed. 






Are heroes worthy of a name 


While Faith points onward to the shore. 






And place in history. The toil 


Where Care and Sorrow come no more. 






That rings rich harvests from the soil, 


Heaven's blessings on their gray locks rest. 






Reclaims the forests, tills the plain, 


While sinks their sunset in the West. 






And scatters sheaves of golden grain 
Upon the white wings of the sea. 
Is worthy honor, more than he 








A CHILD'S PRAYER. 






Who conquers armies, devastates 


BY MRS. L. E. CANNON. 






The fnirest re-ilms, depopulates 


A little maiden knelt beside her bed — 






Wliole towns and cities; renders waste 


A downy couch with snowy covering spread — 






The proudest monuments of Art. 


Clasping her tiny hands with reverent mien. 






And plays " the conquering hero's part." 


Her head, with golden ringlets, bowed between. 






To trample with the hoofs of war, 


" Dear God," she said, " my mamma says that you 






The products of the gleaming share, 


Know everything we think, or say or do ; 






And barracks build where hamlets stood. 


When we are naughty you are very sad. 






Great only in his deeds of blood. 


.■\nd then when we are good it makes you glad, 






Greater who builds, though but a cot. 


And when we pray, whatever we request, 






And cultures Peace to bless his lot; 


You'll surely grant it if you think it best." 






What laurels bring ; how honor here 


There came a little sob and then she said ; 






The gray-haired, hardy pioneer, 


■' Please, God, my dolly needs another head. 






Who, fronr a home where Eden smiled. 


I was so frightened that I h.ad to run. 






Went forth into a rugged wild 


'Though mamma says the dog was just in fun, 






With faith, new homes and hopes to build. 


But then I slipped and fell, and such a crash. 






The forest falls beneath his stroke. 


And my poor Rosa's head broke all to smash. 






His plow, the stubborn fallow broke. 


I picked the pieces up and cried and cried. 






His thoughtful hand the orchard plants. 


For mamma is so poor since papa died. 






His industry provides for wants. 


And then I thought I'd tell you all to-night, 






The trail grows wider with his feet. 


For I was very sure you'd make it right, 






And fear and doubt no longer meet. 


And when you thought how lonely I would be. 






And sit upon his threshold rude 


You'd surely heed a little girl like me. 






In parlance with solicitude. 


I have no brothers now, or sister dear. 






His barns with garnered store are filled, ' 


But poor mamma and I are all that's here. 






The hands that penury had chilled 


The rest are with you up in heaven you know. 






Grow warm again ; his wife is blessed. 


And sometime mamma says that we shall go. 






The children of their love caressed, 


So, if you'll fix my dolly up till then, 




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The old house stands behind the new, 


I'll try still harder to be good. Amen." 


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HISTORY OF IMACOMB COUNTY. 



A LEGEND OF SHELBY TOWNSHIP. 

BY MRS. L. E. CANNON. 

Long years ago — at least so runs the story — 

There lived, not far away, 
A chieftain, covered o'er with paint and glory, 

A gorgeous array. 

Where rang the war-whoop or the scalp-knife glist- 
ened, 

fie led his tribe along, 
'Till the few settlers held their breath and listened, 

Hearing their barbarous song. 

The little children's eyes grew big with wonder 

At mention of his name ; 
All feared they should from friends be lorn asunder. 

If that bold chieftain came. 

The story goes, one day a wee small maiden 

Of summers only four 
Wandered along, with fragrant wild-flowers laden. 

Far from the cottage door. 

The old chief saw the tiny, winsome creature. 

And gloried in his might. 
Covered with war-paint, every hideous feature 

Grew harder at the sight. 

He snatched her up, and through the forest bore her. 
Where no pale-face would roam. 

And all their faithful search could ne'er restore her 
To anxious ones at home. 

The mother's heart the dreadful loss was pondering 
'Till resting 'neath the mound ; 

The father vowed he'd never cease his wandering 
Until his child was found. 

Meanwhile the chieftain cherished well his treasure. 

Humored her every whim ; 
Thought nothing wrong that gave his Bright-eyes 
pleasure, 

'Til she grew fond of him. 

And when ten times the snows had come and van- 
ished 

Slowly from off the earth, 
Their different ways had from her memory banished 

All knowledge of her birth. 

Then to his wigwam with its gaudy trappings 
He led her by his side. 



Gave her bright beads and shells, with furs for 
wrappings. 
And kept her for his bride. 

One ornament she had, a necklace golden. 
Clasped round her throat of snow. 

The only link that bound her to the olden 
Strange life of long ago. 

Years afterward, an old man, bent and ho.ary. 

Came to the wigwam door. 
Trying in broken ways to tell his story. 

So often told before. 

He saw the chain, and with a cry of pleasure 

Started to reach her seat, 
Calling, "Oh, mother, I have found our treasure." 

And fell dead at her feet. 

They buried him beside the river flowing 
Through forest dark and wild. 

And she lived on in ignorance, not knowing 
She was that old man's child. 

Until the chief from age and wounds lay dying 

With many a feeble wail. 
Called her beside the couch where he was lying 

And told her all the tale. 

And she forgave him then for the great sorrow 

She could not understand. 
And laid him by her father on the morrow, 

Honored by all his band. 



WHO DONGLES THE BELL? 

The following lines were written by Samuel H. 
Ewell, February 19, 1S67. The subject of this hu- 
morous sketch, Cyrus Hopkins, was born at West 
Bloomfield, Ontario Co., N. Y., in i8o2, and came 
to Romeo in about 1838. He rang the Congrega- 
tional Church bell, which was the first church bell 
of Romeo, from the time it was hung, for thirty-two 
successive years, and took care of the church that 
entire time. He ceased ringing only about three 
weeks before his death, which occurred November 
10, 1878:— 

There is a man with white whiskers who walks in 

our streets. 
With a smile and ajoke foreach man that he meets. 
Though his head has grown white and his eye has 

grown dim. 



^ 



3)s HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 


He still tells a story and laughs with a vim, 


And thinks not though I wildly stray 


Who is that queer man ? You will ask me to tell, 


I never will return — again ; 


' Tis the jolly old joker who dongles the bell. 


Oh, no ! Those words are never lost. 




A mother whispers to her child, 


You have heard, I presume, of one Cyrus the Great, 


The mem'ry puts them safely by, 


Well, this is cur Cyrus, not second in rate. 


Enriched with pictures — how she smiled. 


He's the power of old Cyrus, or even the Pope, 




For he draws folks to meeting by pulling a rope. 


A tribute now this natal day. 


And he struts up to church with a kind of a swell. 


Thy wayward son returns to you, 


When he goes with the church key to dongle the 


Not gems from islands far away. 


liell. 


Not Eldorado's golden dew — 




Sut words of love, and happiness. 


Cyrus gazes with pride, on the church, and the 


A tribute richly due to thee. 


steeple, 


My mother dear, to whom I owe. 


That holds his greater talker, who.se tongue moves 


All that I am, or hope to be. 


the people. 




On Sundays it gives them a sense of devotion. 




On week-days it sets the whole town in commotion. 


THE GARDEN OF THE HEART. 


Oh, Cyrus takes pride in its magical .spell. 


«V J. K. DAY. 


How he loves to go up there and dongle the bell. 


" There is a fragrant flower that maketh glad the 


Sometimes we complain that he works like a botch, 


garden of the heart." 

TUPPER. 


That he rings by his dinner instead of his watch. 


But what should we do without Cyrus to chime ? 


God has placed a beauteous garden. 


We'll overlook his faults and comply with his time. 


In the power of man's control ; 


For Cyrus we know means to do his work well. 


And has told us how to fill it, 


Success then to Cyrus who dongles the bell. 


With the sweetest flowers of soul. 




He has placed a wall around it ; 


Cyrus moves, lives and breathes where much talking 


Strength and beauty are combined. 


is done. 


And has left its portals guarded 


He talks by his fathers but rings by the sun. 


By the strongest powers of mind. 


He has rung the old bell since the day it was hung. 




And if Cyrus was not ! Why ! it could not be 


Sweet within the terraced arches, 


rung. 


Music's echoes wildly ring. 


May his old age be green, if 'tis green I'll not tell. 


And through all its winding alleys, 


So long as he likes let him dongle the bell. 


Floats the breath of constant spring. 




Through its midst bright crystal rivers. 
O'er their pearly bottoms flow. 




MV MOTHER. 


And .along their shining margins 


BY H. F. PIIILLirS. 


Richest flowers spontaneous grow. 


If I can boast a manly thought, 


Heavenly place ! If well we till it. 


A pure ambition, shameless— free. 


As the Master bids us do ; 


To soar where earthborn spirits ought. 


But if not its flowers will wither, — 


My mother, it is all from thee — 


Choked by weeds of bitter woe. 


Where first I learned to lisp the prayer, 


And its walls are soon demolished. 


That cradled innocence to rest. 


Its fair streams are stained with sin. 


' Twas then those first impressions came. 


And in place of its sweet music. 


That longest stay — are oftenest blest. 


Swell the notes of keenest pain. 


Vou taught me then the lovely way. 


And its alleys once so pleasant, 


That leads beyond this world of pain, 


Tales of awful misery tell; 






-Jk 


1^ k. 


-A <9 L> 




l> w 






•• 


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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 349 




And the air at first so balmy. 


HAPPY TO-NIGHT. 






Seems the burning breath of liell. 


BY JOHN E. DAY. 






Let us then improve this garden, 


I'm happy to-night, and this is just why, 






Till it blossoms pure and bright, 


The cares of the day have gone quietly by ; 






And our work will end with pleasure. 


My chores are all done and my supper dispensed, 






In a home of pure delight. 


And the joys of the evening are fairly commenced. 
My wife, with her sock and a satisfied smile. 












APRIL STORMS. 


Sits by and converses serenely the while. 






BY J. E. DAY. 


On topics — the old as well as the new — 






Leaden clouds are o'er us hanging, 


Most important to me, though perhaps not to you. 






Gloomily the rain comes down. 


My little pet daughter, so pretty and gay. 






And the winds are sadly wailing 


Has dropped all her playthings and left off' her play. 






Nature's universal frown. 


Has given instructions her treasures to keep, 






Hushed the cheerful hum of business, — 


Dropped her sunshiny head and gone sweetly to 






Not a wagon on the street. 


sleep. 






Nought overhead but wind and water — 


And now it may be that the tempest of life 






Mud and water under feet. 


Has cast o'er her dreams the first warning of strife, 






Overcoats and wet umbrellas. 


And swells her young bosom with pleasure or pain 






Flit like ghosts from place to place ; 


As it rises and sinks on her infantile brain. 






Muddy boots and spattered garments, 


Who can tell us what beautiful thoughts may be 






Tell of hurry more than grace. 


piled 






Ladies closely indoors staying — 


High up in the dreams of the innocent child? 






Strive the dull hours to beguile. 


What thoughts and ambitions of embryo size 






And anon, the dark clouds watching — 


May be brought by the goddess who closes her 






Think of rain-di'aus all the while. 


eyes? 






Cattle looking quite demurely. 


What care we what pleasure or riches may bring ! 






View the chilling storm with dread. 


What care we how leisurely time moves his wing ! 






And their sage brain doubtless thinking, 


There is hope in the Future and joy in the Past, 






Something must be wrong overhead. 


And a strength in our hearts for adversity's blast. 






Sages tell us oft, that April 


We'll stand by each other whatever betide. 






Augurs well the life of man — 


And pass down the pathway of life side by side : 






Lights and sh.-tdes are intermingled — 


Enjoy what we can, bid adieu to the rest. 






We must catch them as we can. 


And receive the reward of the Faithful at last. 






Every year must have its April — 


There's pleasure in life, though storms may arise ; 






Every life its rainy day — 


In the end we will find them but friends in dis- 






Lo, the sunshine, quickly turning 


guise ; 






Stormy April into May. 


My hopes may be blasted, but that is all right ; 






So the storm of life may gather. 


My Faith's like a mountain — I'm happy to-night ! 






Darkly o'er my onward path 














And around my heart may linger. 


THE LONELY GRAVE. 






Signs of elemental wrath. 


BY DR. W. H. HAMILTON, 1S57. 






But the bow of faith is hanging 


Cloudy is the day and cheerless. 






In the clouds of daily strife, 


Moaningly the north wind grieves. 






And Hope's sunbeams softly gleaming — 


As I sit and watch the motions 


y 




Hush the April storms of life. 


Of the faded, falling leaves. 


V 




® V 


"^ 




'V* 


>s r- 


■> t 


' 


' 




• ' 



k. 



350 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 


While they slowly flit before me, 


Lincoln, the patriot, honest, just, and true, 


Fancy bears me o'er the wave, 


We sigh, we weep, we mourn most sore for you 


And I see them falling sadly 


0, why should death eclipse thy glory bright. 


On a distant, lonely grave. 


And pall the Nation with the darkest night. 




In humble life, at first, thy lot was cast, 


Dreamily the Past arises. 


We look admiring on thy history past ; 


Bringing back the loved one's form, 


But truth and fortune led thee up to fame, 


And again his eyes beam on me 


And on its summit stamped thy noble name. 


With a lovelight soft and warm. 


When storms of treason and bitter hate, 


But my bosom heaves with anguish 


Had almost 'whelmed our ship of State ; 


As I see him yield his breath. 


We asked, O, God ! a noble heart and hand, 


Hurried from his near and dear ones 


To be our pilot, and to take command ! 


By a sad and painful death. 


God gave us honest Abe that he might be 




Our gallant captain on the raging sea. 


Then appears the dreary graveyard, 


Storms fiercely glared, and mountain waves us 


As upon that gloomy day 


tossed. 


When our cherished one was buried 


So high, so low, — at one time all seemed lost. 


From our grief-dim'd sight away. 


Just then, with beaming eye, he spied afar 


And I hear the plaintive echoes 

Of the low, funereal hymn, 
Swelling like the wind-harp's music 


The brilliant rays of light from Freedom's star. 


At once across the noble ship he veered, 


And for the light with steady hand he steered. 


Through the forest, old and dim. 


Just as the storm was swiftly giving way. 




And morn was dawning, — of a glorious day — 


But our deep, heart-breaking sorrow, 


Behind our captain stole a wretch of hell, 


Passion's wild, resistless flow, 


And by his bloody hand our Lincoln fell. 


All our spirits, hid in struggles, 


Justice flew swift along the villain's track, 


Thou alone, O God, can know. 


Her fiery sword gleamed o'er a crime so black — 




And quickly traced him to the hidden spot, 


Thou, who knowest all our frailties. 


And like a guilty dog the wretch was shot. 


All our doublings and our fears, 


Cold be that hand, and palsied be that tongue. 


Strengthen us to bear our trials. 


Who dare declare they're glad the deed was done ! 


Comfort us amid our tears. 


I'm sure a blacker fiend dwells not below. 


Light our darkened understandings. 


Within the precincts of eternal woe. 


Fill our souls with lively faith, 


Lincoln, though now with thee we have to part. 


Till the mystery is unrivel'd. 


Thy name, for aye, we treasure in our heart, 


Life's dark problems solved in death. 


And swear by Heaven, the work by thee begun, 




By traitors' hands shall never be undone. 
Hard was thy task, the starry flag to save. 




ON THE DEATH OF LINCOLN. 


Rest quietly now within thy honored grave. 




No hostile bullet can again reach you. 


BY REV. JAMES H. MORTON. 


Shot by Jeff. Davis and accursed crew. 


A stai has fallen from our Nation'ssky, 


The spirit pure has reached its home above. 


It rose so bright, it glistened far on high. 


Entwined for aye by bands of kindred love. 


But, like a meteor, suddenly its light, 


We pledge with thee the joys of heaven to share, 


Has been eclipsed within the folds of night. 


For traitors vile can never enter there. 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



CHAPTER XX. 



PROGRESS OF EDUCATION. 



The education of the masses is one of the leading characteristics of a good govern- 
ment. It is the guide to national gi-eatness and to salutaiy reforms. Without education, 
the people would be less than the Negroes of the darker days of the Republic. Without 
it. man cannot sum up the blessings of liberty; cannot understand the principles of a 
Federal government; cannot fulfill the duties of citizenshija. Though men maybe always 
prepared for liberty, yet he who had not an opportunity, in his earlier yeai-s, to attain 
even the rudiments of that education which a common school offers, is a dangerous 
member upon whom to confer liberty, because his animal passions generally overbalance 
his good intentions, and lead him from vice to vice, until those who won for him the pre- 
cious are forced to cry out, "Oh, liberty, what crimes are committed in thy name!" 
From the want of a well -organized educational system, many, if not all evils, spring. 
The teiTible forces with which the dangerous classes often threaten to annihilate the peo- 
ple are recruited from the haunts of ignorance and vice. Again, the tyrant may subject 
an imeducated people with impunity — without fear of encountering any disciplined oppo- 
sition. All the shocking crimes which tarnish the annals of glorious revolutions have 
their origin in and must be credited to ignorance. The hideous Parisian communist, the 
blind followers of sectionalism in politics, the inhiunan religious bigot, all draw their 
inspiratio)! from ignorance, and by it are lu-ged on to those terribly foul deeds which 
darken, as it were, the enlightenment of this age, and stain the pages of its history. 
Though the secret tribunal of olden times comprised men of fair fame, the members of it 
were led to acts which, to-day, would be punished in the most severe form known to the 
law of the country, and result in consigning their names to obloquy. In the dim past, 
such men were heroes; they boasted of learning and cultm-e, and merely acted a part in 
the di-ama of their lives. The members of this tribunal dedicated themselves to justice, 
and seldom — never — failed to punish the guilty and avenge the innocent. Yet the secret 
tribunal, with all the terrific sublimity which sm-rounded it, all the high characteristies 
which belonged to its members, was foimded upon ignorance. In recent years — aye, in 
om- own times — political and religious parties have resorted to desperate and disreputable 
means to assert supremacy. This could not occur had the people been educated up to the 
requirements of oiu- duty. All the evils attendant on a want of a true system of edu- 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



cation have been carried down to the present time, as if to point out to us the dangers of 
ignorance and lead us far away from the shoals whereon it has wrecked so many. It is 
evident here, in Macomb, that examples of ignorance have resulted in good; crime is 
merely nominal here; a peculiar friendship seems to exist between all classes, and a full 
desire exists in the hearts of young and told to study, that they may know what gives prom- 
ise of good results to themselves and their country. 

Macomb County has, from a very early period, bestowed much attention on all mat^ 
ters j)ertaiuing to education. Throughout this work, many references to the attempts 
made by pioneers and old settlers to establish schools appear, so that it is unnecessary to 
treat separately each school and school building, the histoi'y of which belongs to the town- 
ships. However, for the purposes of the general history of the county, what has been 
written regarding the schools first opened here belongs to this section of the work, and for 
that reason is subscribed as well as referred to in the township history. 

Probably the first white settlement in the limits of Macomb County was made between 
1790 and ISOO, in the present township of Harrison, on the banks of the Clinton River, 
about three miles from Mt. Clemens. The settlement was then and is now called the 
Tucker settlement. 

It was here that the first school was taught in Macomb County, on the farm now 
owned by Franklin Tucker. Between 1795 and 1800, a Mr. Eoe, great-grandfather of 
Milton H. Butler, swayed the rod. Schools were kept up almost continuously in this set- 
tlement, but little can be learned of them till about 1816 or 1817, when Mi-. Charles Stew- 
ard taught in a house then standing just below the present residence of Lafayette Tucker. 
Mr. Steward was called a most excellent teacher for those early days, when he was sober ; 
but he was exceedingly fond of strong drink, and his sf)rees were not few nor far between. 
He nearly perished by freezing dm'ing one of his carousals, when, attempting to cross the 
river on the ice, he fell and lay for sometime in the snow. 

In 1820, the eccentric Dr. Dodge was employed. Nothing delighted this old-time 
teacher more than to dress up in some fantastic costume of flaming and incongruous col- 
ors. From 1820 to 1830, some of the teachers in the Tucker settlement were as follows: 
Dr. Chamberlain, about 1S21; an old soldier of the war of 1812, about 1822; Mr. Richard 
Butlex', now living one mile south of Mt. Clemens, aged eighty-three, in 1823; a Mr. Haw- 
kins, who was fond of the " ardent," in 1825, 1826 and 1827; Dr. Hem-y Taylor, who died 
in Mt. Clemens in 1876, about 1827 ; Mrs. McKinney, whose husband was at the same 
time teaching in Detroit, taught a private school in her own house in 1827 or 1828. and a 
Miss Cook in 1830. 

All the foregoing record relates to the schools of Tucker settlement. Of course it will 
be understood that all these early schools were in the strictest sense private, public schools, 
not then being known in Michigan. Each pupil was required to jjay a stipulated sum per 
quarter of twelve weeks, the teacher making his own collections and receiving no public 
aid. 

The following table shows the number of children in the county, in 1839, between the 



r 



^. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COrNTY- 



ages of five and seventeen years, together with the amount of money apportioned by the 
State: 

No.of Children be- Amount of State 

Township. tween o and 17 Tears. School Apportioned. 

Shelby 316 

Clinton 220 

Richmond 106 

Erin 170 

Lenox 54 

Macomb 176 



Bruce 

Armada 

Warren 

Sterling 

Washington. 
Harrison 



Total 2,624 §1.049 60 

The value of this table rests upon its comparative antiquity, and the opportunity 
which it gives of obtaining an insight, into the school statistics of the county near half a 
eentmy ago. 

Similar statistics for 1881 show that the amount of primary school funds to which 
the county is entitled is $11,45436, or an average of $1.06 to every scholar. It is distrib- 
uted among the townships as follows, Mt. Clemens being counted in Clinton as of yore: 

Townships. No. Children. Amount. 

Armada 590 $625 40 

Bruce 817 866 02 

Chesterfield 927 982 62 

Clinton 1,542 1,634 52 

Erin 1.044 1,106 54 

Harrison 266 281 96 

Lenox 853 904 18 

Macomb 870 922 20 

Ray 417 442 02 

Richmond 988 1.047 28 

Shelby 730 773 80 

Sterling 582 616 92 

Warren 801 849 06 

Washington 379 401 74 



Total 10.806 $11,454 36 

The amount of primary school fund accruing to this county at present is almost eleven 

times the sum granted in 1839, while the number of children increased from 2,624, in 

1839, to 10,806 in 1880, being 4.118 as many as the cou.nty could boast of possessing in 

the years immediately following the Territorial days. 

The schools of Mt. Clemens, Romeo, Utica and Disco, together with the township 

schools, are treated in the histories of the townships, villages, etc., of the county. 

S.iBBATH SCHOOLS. 

A Sabbath school was organized at Mt. Clemens so early as 1823. when a school was 
held in an old building used for the manufactm-e of pottery. It occupied a place where 



-kr- 



Alj 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the opera house now stands. The organizer was Richard Butler, and the number of 
scholars was twenty, one of whom was Mrs. H. A. Cady. The next school was organized 
by Samuel Evarts and Chauncey G. Cady, in 1825, and was held in the old log court 
house. The Episcopalian Catechism was used in the school; probably it was the only one 
that conid be procured at that early day. Mr. Evarts died in 1826. and the school was 
scattered. 

In 1880, William and Samuel Canfield and R. O. Cooley organized another school, 
which was held in the coiu't house. Those three men were not Christians, but the early 
habit of attending Sabbath school followed them to the far West, and they could not rest 
easy under the state of things they found here. IVIr. Canfield went to Detroit to procure 
books, but could get nothing better than small primers, and they were distributed among 
the pupils. There seems to have been no one prepared to open the school with prayer, so 
they were obliged to use the Episcopalian prayer-book, Mr. Canfield reading the prayer. 
The teachers were Mrs. Silas Halsey, Mrs. R. O. Cooley, Mi-s. Ezekiel Allen and Mrs. Ch. 
G. Cady. Col. J. Stockton was one of the oificers. The next school was organized by 
members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in 1832. It was held in a schoolhouse 
occupying a position near the present home of George Pelton. It afterward became more 
of a union schdol — Baptists, Congregational ists and Methodists all working together. 
Elder Booth, M.is. Hosia Pratt, Mrs. Allen and others were teachers. In 1834, Rev. Mi*. 
Eastman, a Presbyterian, came to Mt. Clemens and organized the first church of that de- 
nomination. The following summer of 1835, Mrs. Eastman and Mrs. Joseph Hubbard 
organized a Sabbath school in the log com-t house. Mr. Eastman was Superintendent. 
The Deacons were W. H. Warner, Hosia Pratt, Mrs. Eastman, Mi-, and Mrs. Joseph Hud- 
l)ard, Mi-s. E. Mather, Mrs. R. Butler, Miss M. MeChesney and others. This was not 
distinctly a Presbyterian enterprise. Churches of other denominations helped in the 
work. About the year 1836, the denominational schools commenced. The Methodists 
held a school in the schoolhouse hitherto referred to; the Presbyterians held a school in 
the covu't house. About the year 1840, the Methodist school was in a fiom'ishing condi- 
tion, the teachers being Mi-, and Mrs. Gary Pratt, John Lutes, Hosia Pratt, and others. 
In 1841, the Presbyterian Chm-ch divided, a part calling themselves the Old Line and a 
part the New Line. They worshiped, one class in the court house, and the other over 
one of the stores. Soon after, the New Line got possession of the church building now 
occupied by the Presbyterian society, and the Old Line built the church now belonging 
to the Methodist society. The New Line adopted the Congregational form of government 
with Rev. Mi-. Hamilton as minister, and W. H. Warner or Col. Chandler, first Superin- 
tendent. The teachers were William Canfield, Mr. and Mrs. H. Warner, Mrs. D. C. 
Williams, Mr. and Mrs. J. C. High, Samuel Axtell and others. The Old Line retained 
the Presbyterian form of government, their minister being Rev. Mr. Wells. James H. 
Snook was an earnest worker connected with this church, and was probably the first Su- 
perintendent. Mi-8. Wells, Miss J. Hall, Mrs. Lucy Mather, Mrs. Richard Butler, Miss 
Mary MeChesney, John J. Leonard, were teachers. 



'C'i 



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1 


HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 357 


9 




The Baptist Chiu-ch was built in 1840. The main workers in the Sunday school 






were Elder Hillis, William Jenney, Thomas and Mrs. Gilbert. At this time, there were 






four Sabbath schools in operation, viz., Congi'>egational, Presbyterian, Methodist and Bap- 






tist. The Presbyterian and Congregational churches re-united under Rev. 'Mi: Foot. 






These two churches, after a straggle to keep up a separate existence, found that, after all. 






there was not p)ast grievance of sufficient moment to keep them longer as separate organ- 






izations; consequently, they are now working together as a Presbyterian Chiu-ch. The 






condition of the Sabbath schools of the county at the close of the last decade is set forth 






as follows in a table prepared by the Secretary of the Sunday School Association of the 






county, John E. Day, and shows the reports of various schools for the year 1878 : 






NAMES of SCHOOLS. 


Names of Superintend- 


1 
< 






1 

•a 


i 


i 
i 




13 


1 


c 


Hymn Book Use.l. 










^ 

A 
^ 


s 

i 

o 


.£3 


< 
1 

•5 


< 


O 




c 

a 


1 


& 

B 

< 








Armada Cong 

Armada Baptist... . 
Bruce and Armada. 




215 

50 

85 

50 

30 

143 

160 

145 

70 

100 

60 

50 

66 

194 


6 
4 
3 
7 
2 
7 
3 
5 
6 
2 
4 
4 
6 
4 


19 
6 
5 
5 
5 
11 
14 
14 
10 
10 
6 
5 

ll 


134 
35 
55 
50 
20 
91 

102 

106 
40 
75 
50 
35 
50 

106 


4 
3 
2 
3 

3 
3 
4 
3 

I 
2 
2 

4 


15 
3 
3 
2 
5 
8 
10 
10 

8 

\ 
4 
11 


12 
12 
12 
12 

6 
12 
12 
12 
12 
12 

7 
10 
12 
12 


435 
150 
250 

75 
200 
280 
300 
175 
175 
182 

40 
103 
100 
560 


No.. 
No.. 
Yes 

Nr, 


|62 55 








Rev. E. N. Selleck 
J. E. Day 


15 00 Gospel Hymns. 
12 OO.Jov Bells. 






P. M. Bentley 

.John Common 

George Robinson... 

.J. W. Porter 

S. G. Taylor 

H. E. Holcomb 

D. M. Mills 

George Bottomley. 

Robert Burns 

M. H. Dewitt 

M. A. Giddings.... 




Joy Bells. 
S. S. Bell. 
Diadem. 

Welcome Tidings. 
Brightest and Best. 

Welcome Tidings. 
Diadem. 
Gospel Hymns. 
Pure Gold. 
Diadem. 






Erin Presbyterian.. 
Mt. Clemens M. E.. 
Mt. Clemens Pres.. 

Memphis Cong 

New Haven Cong... 

New Baltimore 

Ray Union 

Richmond, Dist. 12. 
Richmond Baptist.. 
Romeo Congregat'l. 


No.. 
No- 
No.. 
No.. 
No.. 
Yes 

No" 
No.. 
Yes 


1 60 
135 00 
85 00 
f)4 78 
15 00 
35 00 
10 43 
2" 00 
13 00 
43 46 






In every city, township and village of Macomb, progress — remarkable, unusual, mag- 






nificent — has been made. No reasonable expense has been sjtared to render the workings 






of the schools perfect, and it must be a subject for congratulation to a people who made 






much sacrifice of time and money, to behold the results of their own earnestness in the 






matter, and the zeal manifested by both township, city and county school officials. 






It must not be thought, however, that our system is perfect. It is wanting in many 






essential qualities. It is. in a measure, better adapted to a community of plutocrats, who 






can bestow upon their children a sufficient wealth to pass thi-ough this world without labor, 






than to a community of men who labored honestly to acquire a competence, and who ex- 




e 


pect that for all time their children will be honest workers. 




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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



^^ 



CHAPTER XXI. 

THE (CHURCHES OF MACOMB. 

That there exists a God is doubted by few, and so generally received is the idea of the 
existence of a Divinity, that millions of men, called wise men, continue to adore Him, 
ceasing their inquiries into His atti'ibutes. A writer who once entered the I'egion of doubt 
which leads to infidelity, returned to a calm incjuiry, after the mental storm which swept 
over him subsided, and exclaimed passionately, "There is a God! " We see that Divinity 
in everything that is beautiful; the herbs of the valley, the cedars of the mountain, bless 
Him; the insect sports in His beam: the bird sings Him in His foliage; the thunder pro- 
claims Him in the heavens; the ocean declares His immensity; man alone has been the 
exception in denying Him; man alone has said there is no God. 

Unite in thought the same instant the most beautiful objects in nature. Suppose you 
see at once all the hoiu's of the day and all the seasons of the year — a morning of spring 
and a morning of fall; a night bespangled with stars and a night darkened by clouds; 
meadows enameled with flowers; forests hoary with snow; fields gilded with the tints of 
autumn — then alone you will have a small conception of that God of the universe. While 
yon are gazing on that siin which is plunging in the vault of the West, another observer 
achnires him coming through the golden gates of the East. By what inconceivable power 
does that aged star, which is sinking, fatigued and burning, in the shades of the evening, 
re-appear at the same instant, fresh and humid, with the rosy dew of the morning ? At 
every hour of the day, the glorious orb is at once rising, resplendent as noonday, and set- 
ting in the West; or rather oiu' senses deceive us, and there is properly no oast or west, no 
north or south, in this world. 

Poetry never yet doubted the existence of the Deity. Some of the most astute think- 
ers were poets and Christians. The most gifted prose- writers devoted much attention to 
the question of a God, and proclaimed the existence of Him, who is at once the Omniscient 
and Omnipotent Ruler. Every thing combines to prove and glorify a God. Man alone 
questions His reality. But hajjpily. the questioners are few and far between, and still 
the Christian majority here grants to Jew, Turk, Atheist and heathen Mongolian, every 
toleration, leaving them at liberty to worship at their respective shrines. 

This is the fii-st principle of liberty; its protection is guaranteed by the Republic, and 
under its genial, influence the Christian and non-Christian are enabled to make just such 
progi'ess as each class merits. 

In this county, the varied forms of Christianity have made great advances. Churches 
have multiplied until every village and town show their spires and cupolas, containing 
bells of harmony, which have long since ceased to jieal the hymn of debasing bigotry. 
The centennial of Yorktown witnessed peace throughout the land; religious dissensions. 



^^— ^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



savage bigotry entombed, and the Kepublic happy in the possession of.citizens each one of 
whom essays to serve God after his own notion, without impertinent interference with his 
neighbor's faith. The people have evidently realized the fact that the evil example offered 
by mt-mbers of every religious society does more to check Christianity than all the sophis- 
try of the infidel, the arms of the united Mussulmans, or the presence of one hundred thou- 
sand Mongolian mandarins and high priests. Abuses will continue so long as the world 
exists, but tha nuuibar may b3 lesssned if each section of the Christian Church will do its 
duty by watching its interests closely — by minding its own business. 

In the following pages, the oi'ganization of each church in the county, as shown in the 
records, is given. Tuere are no public records to base data regarding the ftrst Catholic 
congregation formed in this county, but it may be presumed that large numbers of the 
French missionary fathers visited the camping-grounds of the Indians along the Huron, 
erected temporary altars, and oft'ered the sacrifice of the Mass in presence of the wondering 
Red-men. After the French Canadians made settlements here, they were visited regularly 
by the priests of Datroit until the establishment of permanent missions here. Since the 
American pioneer period, the following religious societies were formed within this county: 

The Moravian Church established a mission on the Huron and Clinton about 1781. 
under Rev. John Huckenwelder and sixteen Delaware Indians. This mission existed until 
1786, when Mr. Huckenwelder and his disciples returned to Muskingum. 

The Congregational Church society of Romeo was organized February 6, 1832, with 
Gad Chamberlin, Asa Holman and N. T. Taylor. Trustees. The church was formed in 
1828. 

The fii'st Presbyterian Church of Mt. Clemens was organized May 4. 1835, with Rod 
ney O. Cooley. William H. Warner. Daniel Chandler. Noadiah Sackett. Aaron Conklin 
and Joel Brown, Trustees. 

The Baptist Church of Mt. Clemens was organized October 14, 1836, with Horace H. 
Cady. C. Flinn. Benjamin Gamber, Manson Farrar, Ortin Gibbs and John Gilbert, Trust 
ees of the society. 

The Bruce and Armada Congregational society was formed November 19, 1835. with 
Erastus Day, Joseph Thurston and John Taylor. Trustees. The church was formed in 
1832. 

The First Presbyterian Church of Utica was organized January 6, 1837, with Gurdon 
C. Leech, Orson Sheldon, Albert G. Fuller, Joseph Lester and O. Stevens, Trustees. 

First Methodist Episcopal society of the village of Utica was formed March 19, 1839, 
with Ralph Wright, Elias Scott, Peter D. Lerick, Hiram Squires and John Stead, Trust- 
ees. A record of re-organization appears May 11, 1844, and April 25, 1856. 

The Catholic Church of St. Felicite of L'Anse Cruse, in the township of Harrison, was 
organized July 16, 1839. with Joseph Pomerville. Joseph L. Sansfaiicon, Hubert Forton. 
Trustees. 

Methodist Episcopal Church of Romeo was organized January 28, 1839, with James 
Starkweather. Ai-iel Pratt, Job Howell, Sewell Hovey and Samuel Coolev, Trustees. 



-As r- 



l\^ 



riV 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



First Methodist Episcopal Chixrch of !Mt. Clemeus was organized January 15, 184:1, 
with Edward Tucker, Chauncej- G. Cady, E- Gr- Pratt, Horace H. Cady, John Stockton, B. 
T. Castle and Robert Little, Trustees. 

The first Congregational religious society of the township of Richmond was organized 
April 13, 1841, with Hugh Gregg, Araunah Gilbert and Jeremiah Sabin, Trastees. Re- 
organized Novembt'r 11, 1814, and January 8, 1867. 

The First Baptist Church of Utica was organized March 1, 184'J, with Ephraim Cal- 
kin, Benjamin Morey, Dan W. Phillips, Daniel St. John, Ralph Sackett, Cephas Farrar, 
John B. St. John, Morris Todd and Manson Farrar, Trustees. 

jThe First Christian Church of Washington was organized June 1, 1842, with George 
Wilson, George Hanscom, Levi Hoard, Hiram Andrews, Conley Bates, Nathan Keeler 
and Zebulon Hayden, Trustees. 

The first Methodist Episcopal society of Washington was organized November 25, 
1842, with Abel Warren, Benjamin McGregor, David W. Noyes, John Keeler, Justin H. 
Butler, Elon Audi'iis and Ephraim Graves, Trustees. 

First Methodist Episcopal Chiirch of Ray was organized February 4, 1844, with Jon- 
athan E. Davis, Duncan Gass, John Inman, John Gass, Jr., William Lyons, Robert Mc- 
Gregor and Horace Myers, Trustees. 

First Methodist Episcopal Church of A\'arron was organized November 24, 1845, with 
Elijah Johnson, Isaac Barton, R. D. Smith, Peter Gillett, H. Leroy, John Wilson, Will- 
iam TeiTV, Trustees. 

The first union society was organized at Mt. Clemeus September 1, 1845, with Pres- 
cott B. Thiu-ston, Aaron Weeks, Isaac J. Grovier, E. AVright Hall, William Beer and John 
J. Leonard, Trustees. 

First Congregational Church of ^Vmiada was organized November 2(3, 1844, with Alvah 
Sibley, Perrin C. Goodell, Sumner Pierce and Solomon Stone, Trustees. 

The first Baptist .society of Romeo was organized February 9, 1847, with David Quack- 
enboss, Nathaniel Bennett, Horace Bogart, Wiley Bancroft, David Green and Philo Will- 
son, Trvistees. 

The first Baptist Chiu'ch was organized January 28, 1854. 

First Baptist Church and society of Mt. Vernon was organized May 23, 1848, with 
Hiram Calkins, William A. Burt, A. G. Benedict, Lewis G. Tanner and Elisha Calkins, 
Trustees. 

The German Evangelical Lixtheran (St. Peter's) congregation of Wayne and Macomb 
Counties, formed in 1846, was organized as a society under State law Februaiy 6, 1849, 
with Frederick Reh. George Nauvmer, Fred S}5eirs, Bernhard Christoph, Schroeder, J. F. 
Winkler. 

The Baptist society of Macomb was organized January 22, 1849, with Benjamin Gam- 
ber, George Hall, John Crittenden, Jesse Goodsell, Leonard Weston and J. Hui^toon, 
Tnistees. 

First Congregational Church of Chesterfield was organized June 2, 1S50, with Charles 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



B. Matthews, Eber C. Denison and Samuel Coppernoll, Trastees. The church was formed 
in 1847. 

First Methodist Episcopal society of Chesterfield was organized November 15, 1S51. 
by the appointment of John Hemman, Stephen Fairchild, S. B. Simmons. Roberts. Craw- 
ford and Andrew Ross, Trustees. 

First Evangelical Lutheran Church of Mt. Clemens was organized -July 3, 1854, un- 
der the name of Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church of Mt. Clemens, with John Vrocklen, 
J. C. Reimold, Abram Devantier, J. W. Miller, C. Roekr, John I. Murthum, Trustees. 

The Evangelical Emaniiel Lutheran Church was organized in the town of Macomb, 
October 9, 1854, with C. F. Schultz, C. F. Pasner and J. F. W. Randts, Trustees. 

The First Congregational society of Utica was organized January 13, 1S55, with Payne 
K. Leech, Ira H. Butterlield. George W. Giddings, John B. Chapman and Oliver Adams, 
TriTstees. 

The first Methodist Episcopal Chiu'ch of Macomb was organized February 15, 1855, 
by the appointment of the following Trustees: R. S. Crawford, Samiiel Fan-, J. A. Craw- 
ford, L. Bloss and Jacob Ellis. 

First Free-Will Baptist Chiu-ch of Bruce was organized June 1'2, 1855, with James 
Hosner. H. Hosner, Abram S. Powell, Absalom Brabb and Jacob Hosner. Trustees. 

The Free- Will Baptist society of Lenox and Chesterfield was organized March 15. 
1856, with Benjamin D. Rogers, Levi S. Bement. Thadeus Hazleton, Allen Farr and 
George MeCaul, Trustees. 

First Baptist society of Ai-mada was organized May 24, 1856, with Ezra Torey, Al- 
bei'tus A. Puison and Sanford H. Corkin, Trustees. 

First Congregational Society of Ashley was organized April 29, 1856, with T. M. 
Willson, L. Haskins, Charles Terry, S. F. Atwood, A. Ashley, S. B. Farnham, Trustees. 

First German United Evangelical society of Mt. Clemens was formed January 31, 
1859, with thirty-one members. 

The First Methodist Episcopal Church of Armada was organized Feljraary 19, 1859, 
with Allen L. Frost, Joseph Gleason, Gideon Draper, Warren Tibbits, William F. Mallary 
and Benjamin Maybee. Trustees. 

First Presbyterian society of Erin Township was organized January 7, 1861, with 
John Common. James McPherson, Moses Bottomley, James !Middletou. George Moore- 
house and Thomas Common, Trustees. 

"The Church at Warren,'' presumably of the denomination known as the "'Church 
of Christ,'' was organized February, 1858, with Hazeu Warner, Sylvauus B. Royce and 
Sylvester Haiwey, Tnistees. 

First Methodist Episcopal Church of Richmond was organized February 12, 1858, 
with Anisey AV. Sutton, Asa Allen, Jen. B. Graves, Middleton Thompson and Hamilton 
Holly, Trustees. 

First Methodist Episcopal Church of Biuce was organized, with Daniel Smith, Elijah 
Smith, William H. Pool, M E. Hunt, Trustees. 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The Protestant Methodist Chiirch of New Baltimore was organized June 15, 1863, 
with Marvin M. Saunders, Ransom Fox, William Fralick. A. J. Heath and James House, 
Trustees. 

The Protestant Methodist Church of Shelby was organized April 13, 18<)3. with Will- 
iam Arnold, William Buxton, Austin McLellen, Joel Lewis. James McLellen, Henry 
Decker and Heniy Singer, Trustees. 

First St. Peter's United Reform Lutheran Chm-ch of Lenox was organized July 6. 

1863, with John G. Meyer, Hemy Remer and William Beir, Trustees. 

Seventh-Day Adveutists of Memphis organized a society January T). 1864. with James 
Potter, Harford Phillips and Mitchell McConnell. Trustees. 

First St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church of Erin was organized February 8, 

1864, with Justus Wormspecker, John Eberlein, John T. Elierlein, Trustees. 

The Baptist Church of Disco was organized, and the following-named Trustees elected, 
December 18, 1865: James Payne. Alson Haines and Isaac Montfore. 

The Christian Union Association of Richmond was organized Jamiary 2, 18<)6, with 
Reuben Burgess, William Lamphire, Daniel Gleason, John Hicks. George H. Perkins, 
Harvey G. Trench, Daniel Flagler, J. M. Hicks and Reuben A. Biu-gess, Trustees. 

The Religious Philosophical society of Sterling was organized April 7, 1866. with 
Justus V. Starkey, James Bentley and Calvin More. Trustees. 

The German United Evangelical St. Paul's Chm-ch of Warren was organized June 
i:^, 1864, with Ct. B. Berz. W. E. Hai-tsig, John B. Jacob, C. Ringe and Louis Hartsig, 
Trustees. 

St. Emanuel's Evangelical Lutheran Church of Waldenburg was organized April 28, 
1867, with Aug. Weber, Godlove Klockow and Aug. Posner, Trustees. 

The First Christian Church of Romeo was organized October 12, 1867, with Nathan 
Keeler, Robert Hamilton, Daniel Flagler, Stephen Grinnell and Edward Soule, Trustees. 

The first religious society of Ray was organized February K), 1869, with A. B. Shel- 
don, John E. Day, Arad Freeman, S. A. Fenton, A. L. Ai-mstrong, R. S. Cairns, George 
Bottomley and Oran Freeman, Trustees. 

The First Congregational society of New Haven was organized November 17, 1868, 
with John Millard. Adam Bennett, Morgan Nye and James F. Dryer, Trustees. 

St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church of New Baltimore was organized in January. 
1871, with F. Miller, W. Heinemau, A. Stuth, J. Larch, H. Heidderck. Fred Harms, 
Trustees. 

First Baptist society of Richmond was organized June 15, 1869. with Manson Far- 
rar, Harvey French, D. J. Stewart, James W. Coo))er and H. F. Douglass, Trustees. 

First Methodist Chiu-ch of Warren was organized July 18, 1872, with Israel Hudge, 
pastor; Benjamin B. Smith, Secretary: John L. Beebe, Elijah Davy and Nelson Tupper, 
Tnistees. 

The Emanuel Church of Lenox was associated January 25, 1873, with William Kuhn, 
Aug. Kuhn. William Killman, Cai'l Furstnem and Fritz Killman, Trustees. 



'.^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



First Free Methodist society of Richmond was associated March 19, 1873, with Will- 
iam Carter, C. L. Harris, C. H. Coruuse, Trustees. 

The First Independent Methodist Church of Warren was organized March 12, 1873, 
with Richard Bai-ton, Isaiah Davy, James W. Hoyt, C. Davy, J. Norris, E. W. Halsey. 
Trustees. 

The Methodist Chui-eh of Shelby Circuit was organized Sejitember 22, 1875, with Al- 
fred Watters. Putnam McClellan, Harmon Vosbiu-g, Trustees. 

The Seventh-Day Adventists of Armada organized their society October 18, 1873, 
with D. H. Lamson, S. T. Beardsley and William Wellman, Trustees. ^ 

St. Luke's Protestant Episcopal Chui-ch of New Baltimore was organized February 
23. 1875, with P. F. H. Schars, John Johr. Rev. G. M. Skinner, C. L. Bradish. G. L. 
Phelps and George Elsey. signers of agi-eement. 

The Methodist Chm-ch of Bay was incorporated March (J. 1876. with Dewitt Pretty, 
Joy Warran. Abial Green, Trustees. 

Evangelical Lutheran Trinity Church of Clinton was organized October 31, 1878, 
with Henry Marlow, John Meitz, Charles Dettrich, Trustees. 

St. John's Evangelical Lutheran congregation was organized November 8. 1878, with 
F. Kline, Christ Rieek and Fred Hummell. Trustees. 

St. Paul's Evangelical Lutheran Church of Sterling was organized and rules for gov- 
ernment adopted January 10. 1880, with F. Schmidt. A. Newman. J. Beulet. G. Kukuk 
and F. Teller. Trustees. 

The Methodist Protestant Chm-ch of Warren was organized ]\Iareli 15, ISSO, with 
Charles Kidd, Milo Ames and Elijah Davy. Trustees. 

The First Baptist Church of Macomb, in the town of Sterling, was incorporated Feb- 
ruary 21, 1880. with John Crittenden, George S. Hall and Samuel Goodsell, Tnistees. 

The Union Church society of Washington was organized in 1880. with William A. 
Stone. W. W. Vaughn, Henry Bennett and Timothy Lockwood, Trustees. 

In the pages devoted to township histories, an effort will be made to deal fxilly with 
each of these organizations. Here, the subject of county churches only bears a general 
treatment for the purpose of rendering the general history of the county complete in this 
particular. 

In 1881, John E. Day prepared a history of the churches of Macomb. The paper is 
replete with historical interest, and will be found a most valuable addition to this section 
of the general history. In the year 1781. all the Moravian missionaries laboring at three 
different stations on the Muskingum River in Ohio were taken prisoners and brought be- 
fore Col. De Peyster at Detroit, charged with treason to the- English Government in act- 
ing in concert with United States troojis at Pittsburgh. Early in July, several of the 
Indians who had been connected with the mission arrived at Detroit, among whom were 
Richard Conner and his family. Col. De Peyster was much interested in their behalf, 
and, through his influence permission was obtained of the Chippewas to settle upon their 
lands. De Peyster then advised them to settle upon the Hiu'on (Clinton) River, and to 



X^ 



IH^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



brini;r thfir Indian couveiis there. He furnished thein a vessel and provisions and such 
utensils as they needed, together with two milch cows, some horses, and his lady also 
made them several useful presents, Ou the 20th of July, 1S71, Zeisburger and .Jungman, 
with their families, and Edwards and Jungsiugle, missionaries, set out from Detroit 
with sixteen Delaware Indians, and arrived at their new home on the Clinton River the 
next evening. They named the place New Grnadenhutten, in remembrance of the old home 
on the Muskingum. It was then a perfect wilderness. Soon more of the dispersed con- 
verts were gathered to them, and a large settlement was in prospect. On the 10th of De- 
cember, 1783, the first ordinance of baptism was administered within our county. Sus- 
anah, daughter of Richard Conner, and afterward wife of Elisha Harrington, was bap- 
tized at the mission. She was the first child of white parents speaking the English lan- 
guage born within the county. She lived always in the cou.nty, and died at the age of 
sixty-tive years. Col. De Peyster, in treating with the Chippewas, had arrans^ed that they 
should remain until peace was established between Great Britain and the United States. 
As they continued to remain after this, the Chippewas became jealous of them and as- 
sumed a threatening aspect, and on the 20th of April, 1786, the whole was abandoned and 
the colony scattered. The United States Government gave to Mr. Conner a deed of 160 
acres of land in consideration of the fact that he had occupied it prior to the year 1796. 
Little was done at this point, now called Frederick, until after the war of 1812. During 
the scenes of this war, the Indians and the British soldiers had made a total destruction 
of the settlement, from which the few inhabitants fled at their approach. They bm-ned 
and threw down the buildings, and used the fruit trees as hitching posts for their horses, 
thus destroying most of them. Thus was closed the mission of this remarkable class of 
reformers, and with it died the hope expressed by one of their most noted ministers, that 
'• the Gospel may yet find an entrance among; the wild Chippewa tribes inhabiting those 
parts." Next we find the Roman Catholic religion taught in a log chapel on the Clinton 
River, in 1806. 

Turning next from these, the first missionary of which we find any record is a Method- 
ist of the name of Case. This man was located at Detroit in the early days of Methodism 
in Michigan, about the year 1807. In that year, he preached repeatedly in the house of 
Mr. William Tucker, in the township of Harrison. He also preached at the house of 
Christian Clemens. But no organization seems to have been effected until the people had 
somewhat recovered from the effects of the war of 1812. On the return of peace to cm- 
borders, emigrants came from the East, and with them came missionaries of the Method- 
ist, the Presbyterian and the Episcopal orders. Meetings were held in the com-t house, a 
log structure built in the year 1818; in schoolhouses, where any existed; in bju'us and in 
private dwellings, and in the open woods. 

In December, 1821, Piatt B. Morey, a Methodist clergyman, was taken sick at Mt. 
Clemens, died, and was buried there, but whose body was removed to the cemetery at De- 
troit, where it now rests. He was the first Methodist minister whose body was buried in 
Michigan soil. 



i "V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



In 1824, a class was formed in HaiTison; in 1826, one at Mt. Clemens. 

Who were the Moravians ? They were a society of brethren taking their name from 
the country of Moravia, from which they sprang in the twelfth centmy. They were of a 
quiet and loving disposition, and so united were they in their beliefs and piu'poses as to 
gain the name of United Brethren. They were similar in religious belief to Luther, and 
were remarkable for zeal in missionary labors. 

Soon after 1824, preaching was enjoyed at Utica, but no organization was formed un- 
til some years later. In the year 1825, Abel Warren, who, the year before, had settled in 
the township of Shelby, began to preach, and without doubt held meetings in the vicinity 
of Utica. but the exact dates I am not at present able to give. At Romeo, religious wor. 
ship was first instituted by the Methodists previous to the year 1824. 

Elias Pettit, who at that time had charge of the Deti'oit Circuit, came out as far as 
the " Hoxie settlement " (Romeo), and preached in the houses of the settlers. This pio- 
neer of Methodism in Michigan was born in Vermont, and on his conversion and license 
to preach, was sent into Canada on a missionary tour for some years. He was the first 
minister of which we have any knowledge as preaching in the northern portion of the 
county. He was a powerful man, of large and robust frame, and powerful lungs, and was 
what the brethi'en of those times were wont to call a powerful preacher. It, was said of 
him that he would travel a circuit as long as he could get anything to eat on it. and then 
go to work and earn something, and then take the circuit again. He died in Iowa, in the 
year 1860. 

Associated with the above as a local preacher was Elder Warren, whose memory is 
still fragrant in many a household. This man was the first who was licensed to preach in 
the State of Michigan. He was not a man of classical education, but brought to the work 
what, for the place and times, was better still — a kind and sympathetic heart and a large 
stock of sound, i^ractical common sense. In the early years of the settlements, his serv- 
ices were often in requisition far and near, as he was the man desired to officiate at fu- 
nerals, thus becoming endeared to nearly every family. He had also a fine musical talent, 
and was usually the leader in the service of song on most occasions. Albert Finch, then 
an old man, was the pioneer who opened his house for the religious services and for the 
entertainment of the minister. It was in his house that the class was formed. This class 
consisted of Albert Finch, Joseph Freeman, James Leslie and their wives, and was the 
first chm-ch of Protestant faith formed in the county. In the year 1826, a remarkable 
revival occurred in the little settlement, at which many young peojjle were converted who 
have since made useful members of society and lights in the Christian world. The per- 
sons forming this society (class), with most who joined at the time of the first revival, have 
passed away, and only their memory and the fruits of their toil remain (aliout the year 
1827). This was very early in the history of Michigan's religious life, for a report of the 
Detroit Circuit, three years jirevious, gives '• one circuit, one minister, twenty members 
and one log meeting-house." 

About the year 1827, a minister of the Congregational order visited the village of 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUMTY. 



Romeo, and preached in such places as seemed most convenient. Although living at Pon- 
tiac, he felt an interest in the work of founding new churches and in ministering to the 
spiritual wants of those who lacked the means of grace. He used regularly to make the 
journey on foot to Romeo, and preach at this and iatermediate points once in four weeks 
It was under his aid and advice that a Congregational Church was formed in 1829, the 
first in the county and second in the State, consisting of eight persons, one of whom still 
survives (in 188 1). His wish to die in the harness was gratified, for he died while attend- 
ing General Oongi'egational Association of Michigan. 

As Abel Warren was the pioneer of Methodism in this county, so was Mr. Ruggles 
of Congi'egationalism. His custom was to visit the family of each settler, tind out their 
faith and denomination, and so gather together those of his belief and preach to them un- 
til a settled minister could be procured. These two men have wrought out for northern 
Macomb a religious history of which we have seen the blade and the ear, and it is hoped 
we may yet see abundantly the full corn in the ear. 

The church planted thus in the woods was blessed in numbers and in usefulness, and 
was the City of Refuge to many a soul seeking escape from the pursuit of sin. The lirst 
minister to the chiu'ch at Romeo was Rev. Luther Shaw, from 1830 to 1835; afterward. 
Rev. O. O. Thompson, J ames B. *Shaw, Mr. Kellogg. Hurd Ladd and others. 

In 1 835, Episcopal services began to be held by a Rev. Mr. Holister, which services 
have been maintained irregularly to the present time. 

In 1846, a Baptist Church was organized in Romeo, with nine members, of which Rev. 
E. A. Mather was for a long time pastor. Still later, those of the Christian persuasion 
became united, under the care of Elders Cannon and Richards, and built a chiu'ch. 

In chru-eh building, the Congregational at Romeo takes the lead, the first being 
erected in 1834, at a cost of about 1400. Some fifteen years later, this was removed and 
used as a private school, and a more commodious house erected in its jilace. In 1878, this 
second house was torn down, and the present edifice takes its place. The Methodists built 
a church in 1839, with a basement, which was used as an audience room one year, when 
the body of the house was completed. In 1855. it was found necessary to enlarge the 
building, and again in 1867. In 1872, the old church was removed from the ground and 
the present church edifice erected. 

Still another of the early workers in the cause of religion was the Rev. John Taylor, 
who settled in the township of Bruce in the yeai' 1832. He was thoroughly educated, re- 
fined in his tastes, genial and noble in his bearing, and of kind and pleasing address — a 
finished scholar of the old school. For some time he held Sabbath services in his own 
house; then was instrumental, with the aid of his neighbors, in building ujwn his own 
land a small building, which served for many years as chui'ch and schoolhouse. 

The Scotch settlement was just being formed at this time, and they united with the 
people of Bruce, and. in July, 1833, a church was formed, of six persons as members, 
most of them bringing letters from churches to which they formerly belonged. Members 
were received into this church from Monroe County, N. Y. ; from East Hampton, L. I. : 



ri^ 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



from Old South Church:, Boston; from Marlboro, N. H. ; from Monroe, N. Y., and 
from Brighton, N. Y. ; and many from the Reform Presbyterians, or Seceders, in Scotland. 
This church prospered under the ministrations of Mi'. Taylor, and reached a membership 
of nearly eighty. In the year 1830, a division arose, the history of which may be of in- 
terest. The settlers, as mentioned above, were largely from New England, and brought 
with them the habits and customs of their native States. Among these customs was that 
of commencing the keeping of the Sabbath upon the evening of the day previous, and 
ending at sunset of the Sabbath. Another was that of meeting upon the evening of the 
Sabbath to sing and practice in church music. Both these customs met the disapproval 
of the Scottish brethren, and a breach was opened. Added to this was the fact that the 
Scotch bretlu-en clung with great tenacity to the use of the Psalms rendered in rhyme for 
church music, and objected to the employment of any instrument of music in the church. 
These differences began to be talked about and agitated, until at last two or more of the 
Scotch brethren brought the whole matter to an issue by demanding a dismissal and 
a letter of recommendation. The ground of complaint was clothed in the following lan- 
guage: 1. That the church violate the Sabbath in attending singing schools on Sabbath 
evenings. 2. That the church make use of and sing Watts' Psalms and Hymns in public 
worship. 3. That some of the church consider the Sabbath as commencing at evening and 
ending at evening, and so violate their Sabbath. 

Discipline was followed by entreaty, and a church meeting was called to consider the 
case, and was adjourned hoping that the breach would in some manner be closed up. But 
such was not the case, and the church reluctantly voted to grant the request of the two 
brethren, and also of any others who might be in a like manner disaffected. The gap 
thus made continued to widen as one after another withdrew, until nearly one-half the 
members had withdrawn, the church expressing the hope that " when they have more thor- 
oughly weighed and considered the matter, they will return and renew their covenant and 
continue to enjoy Christian privileges with us." The Scotch members all withdrew at this 
time, and formed a church in the midst of the Scotch settlement, in the township of Al- 
raont, which church is still in a prosperous condition. 

This calamity was followed by another of greater effect upon the little church, which 
was the death of the pastor, who had borne it in his arms thus far. He died suddenly, in 
December, 1840, di-essed to attend chui'ch. He jsrepared to meet his God in the earthly 
sanctuary, bitt met Him in heaven. They were now children without a father, and were 
to continue in this condition for some years. Still another cause was the discipline«of un- 
ruly members. The jiulpit was supplied for a time from Romeo, and latterly the church 
at Bruce and that at Armada Village acted jointly, and the same minister served in both 
places. 

This was continued for many years, with mutual satisfaction, l)ut at length the mem- 
bership had so decreased, and a change of pastors occurring at Armada, the appointment 
at this place was di'oj)ped. 

In 1834, a Methodist class was formed at what is known as the center of Armada, at 



368 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



a log schoolhouse lately erected at that place, I think under the direction of Rev. Leonard 
Hill, minister in charge at Romeo. 

Urial Day was Class-Leader of this class, and regularly walked from his house three 
miles to meet his class. A Sabbath school was also held here, and Mr. Tenj'cke. who lived 
on the Andrews farm, and Mr. Elijah Burke, of Armada, were regular attendants and officers. 
After two or three years, a class was formed at West Armada, and the appointment at the 
Center was taken ujj. Urial Day was made leader of the new class. The class at West 
Armada was maintained for many years, and preaching regularly supplied from Romeo, 
and latterly from Armada. A Sabbath school was held in connection with the aj^point- 
ment a portion of the time. From deaths and removals of members, this appointment 
was taken up about the year 1860. 

At an early day — the date I have not yet been able to fix — ^Rev. John Cannon, of 
Washington Township, with Mr. H. N. Richards, and a little later, with Bro. Reuben R. 
Smith, began to hold meetings of Christian order, having as a center a schoolhouse four 
miles north of Romeo, on the Almont road. From this place as a center, meetings were 
held in a circle of ten miles diameter for many years, but I am not aware that any church 
was formed until that at Romeo, about the year 1865, soon after which a chm-ch was built' 
and the society has prospered. In the year 1840, Rev. Elisha D. Andrews took uj) his 
residence at the center of Ai'mada. and aided very much in the development of the relig- 
ious sentiment of northern Macomb. He heli.1 meetings at the houses of the settlers or at 
the schoolhouse. He assisted often in the burial service for the settlers, and cheered by 
his counsel and comfort the sick and the dying. 

The first preaching in the village of Ai-mada, in the house of Elijah Bui-ke, by Isaac 
Ruggles, of Pontiac. Services had been held previously by a Baptist minister at or near 
Sanford Corbin's. A church organization was effected at this place, of whom Deacon 
Goodale and wife and Sanford Corbin and wife, as also Mrs. Pliny Corbin, were members. 

The Baptist Chm-ch in the village was formed in the year 1856, and the appointment 
at Deacon Goodale's taken up. Previous to this time, the people living south of this place 
attended chiu-ch at Ray Center. The Baptist Church at Ray was formed at an early date) 
as early, I think, as 1830 to 1834. The place was then known as the Chubb settlement, 
and some of that name were among the movers or the new organization. 

The house of worship at the Chiibb settlement was a frame building, about 18x26 
feet, with a huge stone fire-place in one end. In later years, when it was concluded to 
place it stove in the building, the pulpit was placed over the stones of which the hearth 
was formed, and some of the ministers thought it was a sort of doing penance, standing 
and kneeling on the stones during the service. Mr. Wright, commonly known as Elder 
Wright, preached at this house for some time, living on his farm some two miles south of 
the church. 

A Congregational Church was also formed at Ray about the year 1834, I think by 
Rev. O. C. Thompson, which had a varying degree of prosperity, but is now extinct. The 
ohl Baptist Church served the people of all denominatioDS, until the year 1868, when a 



i "V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



division arose in the society on the qiiestion of a site for a church. The people living 
south of and about the corners on vyhich the old chui-ch stood felt that that was the cen- 
tral place, and the only proper place, for a church to stand, while that portion of the so- 
ciety living about the place known as Freeman's Mill, could not consent to pay most of the 
building fund and travel all the distance, to build a church in a mud-hole at the center. 
The result was that two churches were built, and two religious societies organized, the one 
at the center as Congregational, under the leadership of Mr. England, and the society at 
the mill as a union society, with a sprinkling of nearly all denorbinations, but claimed by 
the i\Iethodists, and a small class formed. A large and flom-ishing Sabbath school was 
formed at the Union Chiu-ch, or rather in the schoolhouse, before the church was built. 
This school was organized through the efforts of J. E. Day, who was its Si^perintendent 
for several years- Services were held in the Union Church by the Free-Will Baptists, un- 
der Rev. E. E. Clark, and Congregational under Rev. E. Gr. Baird and Rev. Samuel Phil- 
lips. In 1879, Rev. J. Young Christian, of Romeo, commenced a series of meetings, 
which resulted in an extensive revival and a greatly enlarged and active chm-ch member- 
ship. 

The Congi-egational Church in Armada Village was formed in 1N35, by Rev. John B. 
Shaw, of the church at Romeo, who ministered to it in spiritual things for a short time, 
when Rev. S.' A. Benton became its pastor, which position he held for fourteen years, and 
was succeeded by Rev. S. M. Judson, then by R. G. Baird. 

The Methodist Class in Armada was formed at a date somewhat later than that of the 
Congregationalist, the precise time I have not been able to learn. It was for some time 
connected with the class at Richmond, the records of which do not come to hand. The 
Methodist Episcopal Church edifice was built in the year 1860 or thereabout. 

Societies were formed at Memphis at a date not long after that at Armada, but the 
exact dates I have not been able to learn. Rev. William P. Russell settled in that village 
in 1848, and remained thirty- two years, met the religious wants of a very large commu- 
nity, in whose houses he was often seen and always welcome. In growing up with this 
people, he had grown into their very hearts, and by his presence at every scene of joy or 
son-ow, became very dear to them. He baptized their infants, married their young, and 
in sorrow and with sympathy cheered the aged and the sick^ and buried their dead. 

And here let us drop for the present the chain of history of religious development of 
Macomb County, to be made more full and complete by some wiser pen than mine. 

Were there better men and women then than now? Self-denial for the welfare of 
Christ's cause was more common than it is to-day. Father Ruggles could walk from Pon- 
tiac to the St. Clair River and retm-n — a journey of more than one hundi-ed miles — every 
month, to preach to new-comers who had no other means of supply, and his coming was 
anticipated and enjoyed with the keenest relish. Welcomed in every house, he blessed 
and honored every one which he entered. Self-denial was practiced to attend public wor- 
ship. Women and men, with their children, walked from four to eight miles to hear the 
sermon. 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The visit of the minister at the homes of the settlers was an event to be remembered 
by each member of the household, for he talked to each of the one great end of life and 
their prospects for a ha]ipy eternity. The minister was revered then more than now. 
The very name preacher carried with it a sacredness not now felt. 

They were austere in their lives, earnest in their work, and beyond reproach in their 
lives. The duties of those of the first generation in this county were of a formative char- 
acter. It is to them, under God, we owe our prestige. Religiously, morally, education- 
ally, they have made us what we are. The duties of us of the second generation are of a 
preservative nature. To protect, to preserve pure and to perpetuate are no less important 
than to create. God grant we may discharge our duties as well as they have done theirs. 
If we do this, we shall see not only the blade and the ear, but each succeeding year will 
develop abundantly the full corn in the ear. 



CHAPTER XXII. 

THE WAR FOR THE UNION. 

In former pages, full references are made to the action taken by the old settlers of 
this county in the military afi'airs known as the war of 1812, the Black Hawk war, the 
Toledo war and the Mexican campaign. Here let us deal with the county dm-ing that 
eventful period in the nation's history when the Republic demanded a first sacrifice from 
the newly erected States — that period when the very safety of the glorious heritage be- 
queathed by the Fathers as a rich legacy was threatened by a fate worse than death — a 
life under laws that acknowledged slavery, a civil defiance of the first implied principles 
of the constitution. 

Michigan was among the first to I'espond to the summons of patriotism and register 
itself on the national roll of honor, even as she was among the first to join in that joyous 
hymn which gi-(>eted the Republic, made doubly glorious within a century by the dual vic- 
tory which snatched freedom fi-om the hands of tyranny at Yorktown in 1781, and won the 
precious boon for the colored slave in 1865. 

The history of the great rebellion comes next in importance to that of the Revolution; 
but yet the former is entwined more closely with the newer States and their various dis- 
tricts. For this reason it seems just that, as the work of the wi'iter proceeds, he should 
pass in review what one new State has accomplished in the interest of the Union, and make 
special reference to those gallant men of Macomb County who left their homes to join the 
thousands of defenders from Michigan, who appeared upon the field to maintain all those 
precious liberties guaranteed by the constitution; to preserve the most sublime political 
union that ever existed; to bind still closer the peoples of our gi-eat States together. 

In April. 1861, immediately after the electric wire flashed the tidings of war into 
every citv. town and hamlet of the United States, the President's call for volunteers was 



ir 



.,S«KS5»«St 






tr 



^^^^ 



t^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



made known. Then hui'rying thousands from all parts of the State rushed forward to re- 
spond; but amidst the volunteer.s, there were none more earnest, more enthusiastic, than 
the men of this county. Organization was pressed forward, ranks were tilled up, and, 
when the crisis was apparent, few, if any, counties surpassed Macomb in the celerity of 
military movement, or in the number and quality of private soldiers and officers sent forth 
to the field. 

In this history of Macomb in the war for the Union, each regiment comprising any 
telling niunber of her citizens claims a very full notice. This is due to the people. It is 
also necessai-y for the purpose of rendering the history of that important period more fa- 
miliar, and so the \vriter deems it a matter of the greatest importance to deal with the 
subject as extensively as the plan of this work will permit. In the first part of the chap- 
ter, the history of company organization is given, which is followed by regimental sketches 
and personal references to the troops and officers, in which the names of the soldiers of this 
county who died during the war, or survived their campaigns to receive honorable dis- 
charge, are recorded. To this section much attention has been given, and if an en-or 
should appear, it must be credited to a generally accepted theory, rather than to a want of 
attention or carelessness in compilation. 

The fall of Fort Sumter was a signal for the uprising of the State. The news of the 
calamity was flashed throughout the world on April 14, 1<S(31, and early the next morning, 
the proclamation of President Lincoln was telegraphed to the chief executive officer of 
each State. The proclamation of Grov. Blair, adch-essed to the people of Michigan, was 
given to the public April 16, 1861, and on the same day. every man within the county was 
prepared to act a citizen's part. Notwithstanding the unparalleled enthusiasm, the great 
majority of the people retained their equanimity, with the result of beholding, within a 
brief ypace of time, every section of the State represented by soldiers prepared to light to 
the bitter end in defense of cherished institutions, and for the extension of the principles 
of human liberty to all classes within the limits of the threatened Union. This, their 
zeal, was not animated by hostility to the slaveholders of the Southern States, but rather 
by a fraternal spirit, akin to that which urges the eldest brother to correct the persistent 
follies of his juniors; to lead them from criminal ways to the paths of family honor; to 
draw them far away from all that was cruel, diabolical and inhuman, and instruct them in 
all that is gentle, holy and sublime in the Republic. Many of the raw troops were not 
only animated by a patriotic feeling, but were also filled with the idea of the poet, who, 
in his unconscious republicanism, said: 

" I would not have a slave to till my ground. 
To carry me, to fan me while I sleep 
And tremble while I wake, for all the wealth 
That sinews bought and sold have evfer earned. 
No! dear as freedom is — and. in my heart's 
Just estimation, prized above all price — 
I had much rather be myself the slave 
And wear the bonds, than fasten them on him." 



»^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Thus animated, it is not a matter for surprise to find the first call to arms issued by 
the President answered nobly by the people. 

Previous to the beginning of hostilities, an independent military company was organ- 
ized at Mt. Clemens. Before the actual fonnation of this company, war meetings were 
held and speeches made by Andrew A. Robertson, Giles Hubbard, Harleigh Carter, William 
M. Campbell and others. At length, a company was organized, with George C. Fletcher, 
Captain. This compaoay was mustered into service with Judson S. Farrar, Captain; Edgar 
H. Shook, First Lieutenant; Henry C Edgerly, Second Lieutenant, Edgar Weeks, then 
a lawyer of Mt. Clemens, was elected First Sergeant; James Fenton was apjjointed Drill 
Sergeant, The muster roll comprised forty names, among whom were William M, Con- 
nor, Sergeant; Peter Generous, H. \V. Babcock, Alexander N. Delano, Capt. William 
Tucker, Nicholas Lacroix, Anson C. Town, Owen Cotten, Martin Conway, W, D*. Lerick, 
Isaac Lerick, John R, Hubert, and others mentioned in the rosters. 

This company tendered its services to the Governor while the First Michigan Infantry 
(three months) was being organized, but, on account of the large number of volunteers who 
presented themselves, this company was ordered to await the organization of a second reg- 
iment. The uniform was gray, with green facings and large brass l)uttons, very showy in 
itself, surmoitnted with a tall velvet military hat trimmed with gi'een. 

The company, after failing to be incorporated with the first three months' regiment, 
was disbanded, and the commissioned officers and musicians entered the camp of instruc- 
tion at Fort Wayne, and remained there until after the first Bull Run, when those oiScei-s 
were ordered to retiu-n to Mt. Clemens, recruit the company at that place, and report 
at Detroit. This instruction was carried out, and on August 28, 1861, the men mustered 
into service, under the same officers, with the Fifth Michigan Infantry, Col. Henry D. 
FeiTy commanding. This was among the first military companies organized in the north- 
eastern counties of this State, and the first in Macomb County. 

APPOINTMENTS AND STATISTICS. 

Dexter Mussey was appointed Commissioner to carry out the di'aft ordered by the 
War Department July 9, 1861 . 

The number of men enrolled by the Assessors of Macomli County September 1(\ 186'2, 
was 3,485, of which number 2,666 were subject to draft, and 819 exempt. The whole 
number subject to draft in the State at that time was 91,071, 

Col, John Stockton, of Mt. Clemens, received authority from the War Dei)ai'tment, in 
August, 1862, to form a regiment of cavalry, which authority was approved by Gov. Blair, 
and a commission issued to him October 3, 1862. 

The draft of February, 1863, was made on the basis of the census of 1860. The 
number of men actually drafted in Macomb was 127, of whom 6-t reported at the rendez- 
vous, 44 enlisted for three years, and 2 for nine months service. This di'aft was carried 
out in this county under Dexter Mussey, Under the United States act of March, 1863, 
each Congressional district was formed into an enrollment canton. Macomb formed a 

^C s r~ —^ »| "V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



portion of the Fifth District. The returns point out that, cKu-ing the summer of 1804, 
there were 2,068 white men and 11 colored citizens of the lirst class f5ubject to military 
duty, aud 1,183 of the secoi^d class similarly subject, after the men of the first class had 
been called out. Up to January 1, 1864, there were 1,347 enlistments reported for Ma- 
comb^County, and before the last day of October of that year, 760 more names were added 
to the roll, aggregating 2,107 men, from the period of the organization of the three-years 
regiments to October 31, 1864, not including the niimber who joined Col. Doyle's com- 
mand at Detroit, or the men who enlisted in the three-months regiments. 

Under the Presidential call of December 19, 1864. for 30(),000 men, an enrollment 
was made in the several counties of the State. The report, dated December 31, 1864, 
points out the number of men liable to military service in Macomb County to be 2.018, 
of which number 225 was the quota of the county. 

From November 1. 1864, to the suspension of recruiting, A]iril 14, 1865, the county 
was credited with 263 enlistments, with 963 enlistments under the system of district en- 
rollment, making a total of 1,216 men from September 19, 18(i3, to the close of the war. 
The total representation of Macomb Coiinty in the State regiments may be set down as 2,- 
500, of whom 900 enlisted under the enrollment system, 149 re-enlisted as veterans, 17 
entered the naval service, 16 di'afted men commuted, and 134 resulted from the ch-aft. 
Of th is number, 320 served for one year, 2 for two years, and 894 for three years. The 
enlistments previous to September 19, 1863 numbered 1,144 men, which, with the 1,216 
referred to above, give a grand total of 2,360 men. At least 140 men entered Illinois and 
Indiana regiments, whose names are not given in the reports of this State, though ajipear- 
ing in the military records of the States refeiTed to. 

The military vote of the Michigan troops was taken November 7, 1864. Under the 
act of February 5, 1864, the Governor was authorized to appoint a nmnber of Commis- 
sioners to take this vote, which authority was put in practice October 14, 1864, when forty- 
one appointments were made. Among the Commissioners was William Hulsart, of Ro- 
meo, to whom was apportioned the labor of receiving the vote of the Eighth Michigan 
Cavalry, then at Nicholasville, Ky. , and of the L and M Batteries, Michigan Artillery, 
serving with the Twenty-third Ai'my Corps at Cumberland Crap, Tenn. The vote of the 
Eighth Cavah-y was 105 for the Republican Electors — Robert R. Beecher, Thomas D. Gil- 
bert, Frederick Waldorf, Marsh Giddings, Chi-istian Eberbach, Perry Hanuah, Omer D. 
Conger and George W. Pack. The Democratic Electors received 71 votes from the same 
command. The roll of Electors for whom this vote was given comprises the names of Sam 
T. Douglass, Rix Robinson, Henry Hart, Royal T. Twombly. D. Darwin Hughes, John 
Lewis, Michael E. Crofoot and Richard Edwards. Battery L and detachments gave 200 
votes to the Republican Electoral ticket, and 57 to the Democratic ticket. Battery M 
gave 49 votes to the Republicans and 3 to the Democrats. 

Hon. Giles Hubbard, of Mt. Clemens, was appointed a member of the Board of Di- 
rectors of the Soldiei's' aud Sailors" Monument Association, at a meeting held August 11, 
1865. How well this board performed its duty is shown in the sculptured monument, de- 



;t^ 



-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



signed by Randolph Rogers, the corner-stone of which was laid at Detroit in less than two 
years after the organization of the association — July 4. 1867. 

The amount of money raised directly in Macomb County for the purpose of carrying 
on the war was $289,029. 69. The sum of direct ex])enditm-es from 1861 to 1867, for the 
relief of soldiers' wives and children was no less than $110,839.26. The subscription to 
the .f 28,000 fund of the Michigan Soldiers' Aid Society to that of the Michigan Soldiers" 
Relief Association, and other charitable funds, must aggregate not less than $8,000, while 
other charities of a like nature entailed an indirect charge on the county amounting to 
several thousand dollars. 

Previous to the issue of the Adjutant General's report, December 24, 1862, no less 
than 841 men from this county were in active service, exclusive of the number enrolled 
on the roster of the three-months regiment, or recruits joining the old regiments between 
July 1 and December 24, 1862. The representation of the county in the regiments of the 
State fi'om the formation of the first three-years regiment to the close of the year 1862 
was as follows: Twenty men belonged to the First Michigan Infantry; 1 to the Second 
Infantry; 9 to the Fourth Infantry; 93 to the Fifth Infantry; 3 to the Sixth Infantry; 16 
to the Seventh; 131 to the Ninth; IS to the Tenth; 2 to the Thirteenth; 34 to the Four- 
teenth; 3 to the Fifteenth; 18 to the Sixteenth; 8 to the Seventeenth; 255 to the Twenty- 
second; 3 to the Twenty-sixth; 5 to the Engineers; 50 to the First Cavalry; 45 to the 
Second; 10 to the Third; 10 to the Foiu-th; 90 to the Fifth; 2 to the Ninth Battery ; 14 
to Dygert's Sharpshooters; and 1 to the Stanton Guard; with jirobably 50 to other com- 
mands then organized. 

RECORD OF COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 

Aaron L. Abbey, Armada, was commissioned Second Lieutenant Eighth Cavalry, No- 
vember 1, 1862; First Lieutenant, June 16, 1864. He was made prisoner August 5, 1864, 
during Gen. Stoneuian's raid; exchanged March 1, 1865, and discharged as Second Lieii- 
tenant May 15, 1865. 

George E. Adair, Utica, commissioned First Lieutenant Second Cavalry, September 
2. 1861; resigned September 3, 1862. 

Louis Allor, New Baltimore, Sergeant Company E, Twenty-second Infantry, July 
31, 1862; was commissioned Second Lieutenant November 17, 1862; First Lieutenant, 
June 6, 1863; Adjutant, October 11, 1863, which position he held when the command was 
mustered out, June 26, 1865. 

Almiron P. Armstrong, Armada, was commissioned First Lieutenant Eighth Cavalry, 
November 1, 1862, in which position he served until his resignation was accepted, Febru- 
ary 14, 1863. 

Alfred Ashley, New Baltimore, commissioned Captain, Twenty-second Infantry, July 
21, 1862; resigned November 27, 1862. 

Willard H. Ashley, Sheridan, Sergeant Company A, Eleventh Cavalry, August 28, 
1868; was commissioned First Lieutenant March 21, 1864; he resigned on account of 
disability June 10. 1865. 



fe^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Jnlian H. Axtell. Mt. Clemeus. Sergeant Company B, First Infantry, July 9. 1861 : 
wounded in action near Five Forks. Va., March 31, 1865; commissioned Second Lieuten- 
ant May 30. 1865. and discharged July 9, 1865. 

Samuel Barton, Armada, Sergeant Company B, Thirtieth Michigan Infantry, Novem- 
ber 25, 1864; commissioned Second Lieutenant Jime 6, 1865: and discharged June 30. 
1865. 

Hiram Barrows, Ai-mada, was commissioned Second Lieutenant, Ninth Michigan In- 
fantry, October 12, 1861: First Lieutenant, December 10. 1861; and Captain, October 13. 
186'2. He was wounded in the action of Murfreesboro, Tenn. , July 13, 1862, and fell into 
the hands of the rebels. His exchange or release oceuiTed August 27, 1862. He served 
from the date of his promotion to a Captaincy irntil the muster-out of the command. No- 
vember 16, 1864. 

Charles Bassett, Mt. Clemeus. Sergeant Company G. Twenty-second Infantry, August 
12, 1862; was commissioned Second Lieutenant December 5, 1862 ; First Lieutenant, 
February 21, 1863: Captain, October 14, 1864, in which last position he was serving at 
the period of muster-out, June 2(5, 1865. 

William Belles. Chesterheld, commissioned Captain Thirtieth Infantry November 28. 
1864; was mustered out June 30, 1865. 

John W. Bennett, Mt. Clemens, commissioned Second Lieutenant. Eighth Michigan 
Cavalry, November 1, 1862; First Lieutenant, August 31, 1863: Captain, December 1, 
1864; was mustered out with the command September 22, 1865. 

John Britton, Ridgeway, Sergeant Company F, Twenty-sixth Infantry, August 12. 
1862: was commissioned Second Lieutenant November 22, 1864; First Lieutenant, June 9. 
1865 : and was mustered out as Second Lieutenant June 4, 1865. 

Seymour Brownell, Ftica, commissioned Battalion Quartermaster. Second Cavalry, 
September 2, 1861; received his discharge June 1, 1862, and on October 28 of the same 
year, was commissioned Captain and Assistant Commissary I'nited States Volunteers; 
this position he resigned October 15, 1864. 

Sylvanus Bachelder. Clinton, entered service with Fourteenth Michigan Infantiy: 
was promoted Second Lieutenant December 29, 1864; First Lieutenant, :March 14, 1865, 
and served in that jaosition to the close of the wai\ 

William Beekman, Clinton, promoted from the ranks to a Second Lieutenancy July 
3, 1865, and to a First Lieutenancy July 31, 1865: was mustered out with the command. 

Albert D. Benjamin, Fowlerville, was promoted Second Lieutenant, Thirtieth In- 
fantry, November 28. 1864, and served until the close of the war. 

Charles L. Bissell, Chicago, was commissioned First Lietitenant and Adjutant, 
Twelfth Michigan Infantry. October 10. 1861. This soldier died at Bolivar, Tenn.. Oc- 
tober 26. 1862." 

William Brownell, Utica, was commissioned Assistant Surgeon, Second Cavalry, Sep- 
tember 2, 1861. and Surgeon October 20. 1862, which position he occupied when the com- 
mand was mustered out. November 3, 1864. 



IV 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Axtgustus H. Canfield, Mt. Clemens, was appointed Sergeant Company I, Ninth 
Michigan Infantry, August 15, 1861; commissioned Second Lieutenant September 23, 
180'2; First Lieutenant April 25, 18(33; Adjutant, October 14, 18fi4, in which position he 
was serving when the regiment was mustered out. 

' i] Stephen B. Cannon, Disco, Sergeant Company B. Twenty-second Infantry, August 
9, 1862; commissioned Second Lieutenant October 14, 1864; was mustered out June 26, 
1865. 

' JQEdwin C. Chubb, llomeo. Sergeant Company A. Ninth Infantry. August 13, 1861 ; 
was commissioned Second Lieutenant October 13. 1862; First Lieutenant. May 14, 1863; 
and mustered out November 25, 1864. 

William H. Clarke. Jr., Armada, Sergeant Company G, Eighth Michigan Cavalry, 
November 10, 1862; was commissioned Second Lieutenant April 23, 1863; wounded at 
SweetwaterjOctober 26, 1863, and resigned on account of disability February 8, 1864, 

John L, Cline, Eomeo, Sergeant Company L, Eighth Michigan Cavalry, March 8, 
1868; was commissioned Second Lieutenant September 14, 1864, First Lieutenant De- 
cember 27, 1864; and mustered out with the command September 22. 1865. 
ji;'''t Daniel W. Cole, Romeo, Sergeant Major, Ninth Infantry, August 13, 1861; was com- 
missioned Second Lieutenant July 15, 1865, and mustered out September 15, 1865. 

wOwen W. Cotton, Mt. Clemens, Sergeant Company B, Fifth Infantry. August 28, 1861; 
commissioned Second Lieutenant September 12, 1862; First Lieutenant, October 21, 
1862; was wounded at Chaneellorsville, Va. , in the action of May 3, 1863, and resigned 
August 19 following. 

Martin Conley, New Baltimore, appointed Sergeant Company B, Third Infantry, Sep- 
tember 27, 1864; was commissioned Second Lieutenant March 12, 1865; First Lieutenant 
November 28, 1865; and mustered out with the re-organized Third Infantry June 10, 
1866; he served with Fifth Infantry at the beginning of the war, and now, as a member 
of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Union, is in charge of the old colors of the Fifth. 

John M. Crawford, Ray Center, was commissioned Captain, Eighth Michigan Cavah-y, 
November 1, 18()2, which position he resigned on account of disability June 16, 1864. 

layman G. Crawford, Romeo, commissioned Second Lientenant, Third Infantry, July 
29, 1864; First Lieutenant January 8, 1865; Captain. February 25, 1866; was mustered 
out as First Lieutenant June 10, 1866. 

Charles D. Culver, Mt. Clemens, was commissioned First Lieutenant Battery M, 
First Light Ai-tillery, April 1, 1863, which position he resigned October 26 following. 

Augustus Czizek, Mt. Clemens, commissioned Second Lieutenant, Twenty- second In- 
fantry, July 31, 1862; resigned December 3. 1862. 

Crawley P. Dake, Armada, was commissioned Captain, Fifth Michigan Cavalry, Au- 
gust 14, 1862; Major, December 31, 1862; and resigned August 9, 1864. 

Lewis P. Davis, Romeo, Sergeant Major, Twenty-second Infantry, August 9, 1862; 
was commissioned Second Lieutenant November 7, 1864, and mustered out June 26, 
1865. 



L^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Jonathan E. Davis, Macomb, was commissioned Assistant Siu'geon, Twenty-seventh 
Infantry, December "23, 1S62; resigned Januar}' 4, 1S64. 

George W. Davenport, Sergeant Company F, Fifth Cavalry, August 15, 1862; was 
commissioned First Lieutenant, Eighth Michigan Cavalry, January 28, 1864, and mus- 
tered out April 30 following. 

Alanson P. Dickenson, Romeo, was commissioned Second Lieutenant, Ninth Infantry, 
October 12, 1861; First Lieutenant, June 23, 1862; and resigned with the rank of Second 
Lieutenant. January 17, 1863. 

Augustus Ditman, Eomeo, Sergeant Company A, Ninth Infantry, August 13, 1861; 
Second Lieutenant, November 23, 1864; and First Lieutenant, April 20, 1865; mustered 
out with the command September 15, 1865. 

Charles B. Donaldson. Roseville. Sergeant Company K, Eighth Michigan Cavalry. 
February' 8. 1863; was commissioned First Lieutenant January 22, 1864. and resigned, 
on account of disability, Jiine 21, 1864. 

Winchester T. Dodge. Orange, commissioned Second Lieutenant, Tenth Michigan 
Cavalry, October 15, 1862; resigned February 22,*1864. 

William H. Dimphy, Memphis, was commissioned Fii-st Lieutenant, Tenth Infantry, 
October 1. 1861; Captain, March 31. 1863; Lieutenant Colonel. February 24. 1865; 
Colonel. June 7. 1865; and was mustered out July 19, 1865, with the rank of Lieiiten- 
ant Colonel. 

Ai-thm- L. Eastman, Mt. Clemens, was commissioned First Lieutenant, Eighth Mich- 
igan Cavalry. November 1, 1862; wounded at Sweetwater October 26, 1863; he received 
his discharge on accoimt of disability, February 9, 1865. 

Hem-y C. Edgerly, Mt. Clemens, commissioned Second Lieutenant. Fifth Michigan 
Infantry, January 19, 1862; was wounded at Chai-les City Cross Roads. Ya.. June 30, 
1862; transferred to Eighth Cavalry. 

Hemy C. Edgerly, Mt. Clemens, was commissioned Major, Eighth Michigan Cav- 
alry, November 17, 1862; served throughout the war, and resigned on account of disability 
January 8, 1865. 

Marcus D. Elliott, Roseville, Sergeant. Battery H. First Light Artillery, October 22, 
1861; was commissioned Second Lieutenant March 15, 1863; First Lieutenant, August 8, 
1863; Captain, January 8, 1864; and was mustered out December 27, 1864. 

Judson S. i'arrar, Mt.Clemens, was commissioned Captain, Fifth Michigan Infantry. 
June 19, 1861, and received the commission of Lieutenant Colonel, Twenty-sixth Infantry, 
September 16, 1862. 

Amos Finch, commissioned Lieutenant January 22, 1865 ; discharged July. 
1865. 

Judson S. Farrar, Mt. Clemens, was commissioned Lieutenant Colonel, Twenty-sixth 
Infantry, September 16, 1862; Colonel, October 9, 1863; and discharged on account of 
disability March 29, 1864. 

Triel S. Fan'ar, Mt. Clemens, commissioned Firet Lieutenant, Twenty-sixth Infantry, 



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V 



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380 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



October 12, 1863, and Captain. •Innc U. 1864; wa5 mustered out with the rank of First 
Lieutenant June 4, 1865. 

Thomas A. Fisher, New Baltimore, Sergeant, First Engineers and Mechanics. Novem- 
ber 26, 1861; was commissioned First Lieutenant January 1, 1864, and mustered out Oc- 
tober 26. 1864. 

Edwin Fishpool, New Baltimore, was commissioned Second Lieutenant, First Mich- 
igan Cavalry, August 22, 1861, and resigned January 80. 1862. 

Peter Generoux, Mt. Clemens, commissioned First Lieutenant, Fifth Michigan In- 
fantry, September 12. 1862; Captain. September 16. 1862; was killed in the action of 
Gettysburg. Penn.. July 2. 1868. 

Joseph Goetz, Mt. Clemens. Captain. Twenty-second Infantry, July 81. 1862; was 
discharged on account of disability May 17. 1865. after a period of almost three years. 



Jacob Goodale. liay Center. Sergeant. Eighth Michigan Cavalry, November 1, 1862; 
Second Lieutenant, January 5, 1864; First Lieutenant, June 21, 1864; was mustered out 
at the date of consolidation with the Eleventh Cavalry. July 20. 1865. 

Alexander Grant. Utica, commissioned Second Lieutenant. Second Cavalry, Septem- 
ber 2. 1861 ; resigned June 4. 1862. 

Cyril S. Hicks, Richmond, was promoted First Lieutenant. Ninth Michigan Infantry, 
September 27. 1864, and served until the close of the war. 

David K. Halsey, Richmond, Sergeant. Fifth Infantry. August 28. 1861; wa:s com- 
missioned Second Lieutenant June 10, 1868. 

Edgar B. Harris. Shelby. Sergeant Company C. Eighth Cavalry. December 18. 1862; 
was commissioned Second Lieutenant April 25. 1.S65, and mustered out September 22, 
1865. 

Delos L. Heath. Ridgeway. commissioned Assistant Surgeon. Seventeenth Infantry. 
November 18, 1862; was transferred to Twenty-third Infantry. 

Delos L. Heath, Ridgeway. commissioned Surgeon, Twenty-third Michigan Infantry. 
May 1, 1868; was discharged for disability December 27, 1864. 

Matthew M. Hedges. North Branch, entered the Tenth Infantry as Sergeant. Decem- 
ber 22, 1861: was commissioned Second Lieutenant June 7, 1865. and discharged July 
18. 1865. 

Matthew Holmes, Baltimore, commissioned Second Lieutenant, Twenty-eighth In- 
fantry, August 15, 1864; was killed at Wise Forks. N. C, March 8, 1865. 

Henry H. Houghtalin, New Baltimore, mustered into service with the Eighth Cavalry; 
was commissioned Second Lieutenant June 17. 1864; First Lieutenant. January 8, 1865; 
and was mustered out September 22, 1865. 

Irving D. Hanscom, Romeo, commissioned officer Eighth Michigan Cavalry; for pro- 
motions, see biographical sketch. 

Henrj' W. Howgate, Armada, commissioned Second Lieutenant, Twenty-second In- 
fantrj-, July 81, 1862: First Lieutenant, December 31, 1862; Captain, June 7, 1864; was 



i 1^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



commissioned First Lieutenant United States Signal Corps August 17, 1864; brevet Cap- 
tain, United States Volunteers, March 13. 18(55, in recognition of services during the bat- 
tle of Chickamauga: brevet Major of Volunteers, March 13, 1865, for services in Georgia; 
Second Lieutenant, Twentieth United States Infantry. October 22, 1867: and First Lieu- 
tenant, August 4, 1868. The rapid advances of this officer were remarkable to a decree. 

William A. Hulsart, Bruce, was among the commissioned officers. 

Beckford P. Hutchinson. Utica, commissioned First Lieutenant, Fourth Cavalry. Xn- 
gust 13, 1862: resigned February 16, 1863. 

William Jenny, Jr.. Mt. Clemens, wa? commissioned Captain, Ninth Infantry, October 
12, 1861; Major, February 6, 1863: and was mus^ered out September 15, 1865. 

Charles L. Jenny, Utica, Sergeant Compnny H, Fourth Michigan Infantry. Sej)tem- 
ber 17, 1864; was commissioned Second Lieutenant October 24, 1865, and discharged 
May 26, 1866. 

Charles C. Jennings, Washington, Sergeant, Twenty-second Infantry, August 11, 
1862; was commissioned Second Lieutenant February 21, 1863: First Lieutenant. June 
11. 1864; and mustered out June 26, 1865. 

Nathan Jersey, Romeo, enlisted August 19, 1S61, as Sergeant of Company A, Ninth 
Infantry: he received his commission as Second Lieutenant March 25, 1802, and that of 
First Lieutenant October 13, 1862. This soldier was wounded at Mui-freesboro, July 13, 
1862, and. recovering, served until August 5, 1864. 

J. Delos Jewell. Vernon, Sergeant Company A, Tenth Michigan Infantry, November 
4, 1861: was commissioned First Lieutenant and Adjutant July 9, 1864: Captain, Febru- 
ary 24, 1865; and served until muster out, July 19, 1865. 

Miner A. Johnson, Utica, Sergeant Company H, Second Cavalry. August 27, 1861; 
Second Lieutenant, October 1, 1862; resigned November 19, 1864. 

Theodore Kath, Ray, Sergeant Company G, Twenty-second Infantry: was commis- 
sioned Second Lieutenant September 25, 1863. and mustered out June 26, 1865. 

Alonzo M. Keeler, Shelby, commissioned Captain. Twenty-second Infantry, July 31, 
1862; Major, October 14, 1864; and brevet Lieutenant Colonel United States Volunteers, 
March 13, 1865; was mustered out June 26, 1865. This soldier fell into the hands of the 
rebels at Chickamauga, Tenn., September 20, 1863: was paroled March 1, 1865, and ulti- 
mately returned to his command. 

James S. Kelly, Disco, Sergeant Company B. Twenty-second Infantry, August 7, 1862; 
was commissioned Second Lieutenant December 31. 1862. and resigned^Februar}' 21. 1863. 

Benjamin Kenny, Sergeant Battery H, First Light Artillery, June IS, 1862: was 
commissioned First Lieutenant April 25. 1864: Captain, December 27. 1864: and mus- 
tered out July 22, 1865. 

John W. Kingscott, Sergeant Company H. Second Cavalry, August 24, 1861 : First 
Lieutenant. October 1, 1862: Captain. June 7, 1864: was mustered out December 27. 
1865. 

William G. Kingscott, Sergeant Company H. Second Cavalry, September 7. 1S61; 



r 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



First Lieutenant, September 20, 1864; was transferred to the One Hundred and Thirty-sixth 
United States Colored Infantry June 2'2, 1805. 

Henry F. Lake, Marion. Sergeant Company H, Twenty-second Infantry, August 9, 
1S6'-!; Second Lieutenant Aj^ril 1, 1865; was discharged June 9, 1865. 

Chai-les C. Lamb, Mt. Clemens, Captain, Eighth Michigan Cavalry, November 1, 
1862; was discharged, on account of disability, June 3, 1864. 

Charles C. Lamb, Mt. Clemens, commissioned First Lieutenant, Thirtieth Infantry, 
November 28, 1864; Captain, March 16, 1865; was mustered out June 30, 1865. 

John M. Lamb, Dryden, Sergeant Com])any E, Eighth Cavalry, December 4, 1862; 
was commissioned Second Lieutenant December 1, 1864, and mustered out September 22, 
1865. 

Seward S. Lampman, transferred from Eleventh Cavalry and commissioned Second 
Lieutenant, Eighth Cavalry. July 20, 1865; was mustered out September 30, 1865. 

Erastus W. Lawrence, Utica, Commissary Sergeant, Second Cavalry, September 2. 
1861; was commissioned Second Lieutenant September 19, 1862; he acted as First Lieu- 
tenant and Commissary, and was on detached service when the command was mustered out. 

Frederick B. Lee, Mt. Clemens, Sergeant Company D, Eighth Cavalry, December 22, 
1862; Second Lieutenant, February 9, 1864; was wounded during the affair at Baker's 
Ferry, Ga., July 5, 1864; he was mustered out with the command, July 20, 1865. 

Isaac N. Lerick, Utica, commissioned Captain, Third Infantry, July 29, 1864, and 
jaromoted Major June 14, 1865; mustered out May 25, 1866. 

William H. Lowrie, Romeo, Commissary Sergeant, Ninth Infantry. August 13, 1861; 
Second Lieutenant, September 20, 1864; First Lieutenant and Quartermaster, November 
16, 1864; mustered out September 16, 1865. 

Muir A. McDonald, Washington, Sergeant Company D, Eighth Cavalry, December 
8. 1862; Second Lieutenant. August 31, 1863; Captain, January 18, 1864; was mustered 
out September 22, 1865. 

John B. K. Mignault, Mt. Clemens, was commissioned Surgeon, Eighth Cavalry, 
November 6, 1862, which position he held until his resignation, on account of disability, 
September 12, 1864. 

Michael Nolan, Mt. Clemens, Sergeant Company L, Third Cavalry, September 20, 
1861; commissioned Second Lieutenant June 9, 1862, and mustered out August 24, 1864. 

George Minnely, Mt. Clemens, Sergeant Company D, Eighth Cavalry, November 4, 
1862; Second Lieutenant, May 14, 1864; was mustered out September 22, 1865. 

Edgar A. Nye, Romeo, Sergeant Company F, Eighth Infantry, September 12, 1861; 
Second Lieutenant, April 20, 1864; was killed in the action of Spotlsylvania, Va., May 
12, 1864. 

Albert Nye, Mt. Clemens, commissioned First Lieutenant, Ninth Infantry, October 12, 
1861, and Captain, December 10, 1861; died at Murfreesboro, Tenn. , June 23, 1862. 

Herbert B. Pearson, New Baltimore, commissioned Second Lieutenant, Twenty-sec- 
ond Infantry, July 31, 1862; resigned June 5, 1863. 

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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUN-T-i'. 383 

Albert L. Power, Mt. Clemens, Sergeant Company I, Ninth Infantry, August 15. 
1861; Second Lieutenant, October 10, 1863; was discharged November 17, 1864. 

Ai-chibald Preston. Mt. Clemens, commissioned Second Lieutenant, Eighth Michigan 
Cavalry, August 81, 1863; was made prisoner during Stonemau's raid; subsequently ex- 
changed; rejoined his regiment, and served until its consolidation with the Eleventh Cav- 
alry, July 20, 1865. 

Benjamin F. Pritchard. Romeo, commissioned Chajtlaiu Fifth Infantry, September 

12, 1862; was discharged, on account of disability, December 5, 1863, and re-commissioned 
June 10, 186-1. This soldier served until the muster-out of the command, July 5, 1865. 

George W. Robertson, Mt. Clemens, commissioned First Lieutenant, Twenty-second 
Infantry, July 31, 1862, and Captain, November 17, 1863; was made prisoner at Chicka- 
mauga, September 20, 1863; paroled March 1, 1865: and mustered out with his command, 
June 26, 1865. 

Edgar H. Shook, Mt. Clemens, commissioned First Lieutenant, Fifth Infantry, June 
19, 1861, and Captain, June 22, 1862; was discharged February 8, 1863. He joined the 
regiment with the rank of Captain, February U, 1863, and was commissioned Major, May 
21, 1864, serving in that position until the muster-out of the command, July 5, 1865. 
This soldier was wounded in the battle of the Wilderness, May 6. 1864. 

John S. Smith, Armada, was commissioned First Lieutenant and Quartermaster, 
Eighth Michigan Cavalry, November 6, 1862, and resigned December 23, 1863. 

William A. Smith, Marion, was commissioned First Lieutenant, Twenty-second In- 
fantry, Jiily 31, 1862 ; Captain, January 5, 1863; and died of wounds received at 
Chickamauga October 1 1. 1863. 

Hiram M. Snell, Armada, was commissioned Assistant Surgeon, Eighth Cavalry, 
March 12, 1863, and died August 18, 1863. 

Charles A. Snover, Armada, Sergeant Company E, Fifth Cavalry. August 14, 1862; 
Second Lieutenant, April 14, 1863: First Lieutenant, March 22, 1S65: was mustered out 
July 22, 1865. 

Robert F. Selfridge, Bruce, entered service August 22, 1862, as Quartermaster Ser- 
geant, Twenty-second Michigan Infantry; Second Lieutenant, August 26, 1864; was mus- 
tered oiit June 26, 1863. 

Robert O. Selfridge, of Tecumseh, after a brilliant term of service, was commissioned 
Major and Assistant Adjutant General, United States Volunteers. July 14, 1863, which 
position he resigned in 1865. 

William A. Snook, Mt. Clemens, Sergeant Battery M. First Light Artillery, April 

13, 1863: Second Lieutenant, September 25, 1864; was mustered out August 1, 1865. 

John Stockton, Mt. Clemens, commissioned Colonel Eighth Michigan Cavalry, Octo- 
ber 3, 1862: received his discharge April 15, 1864. 

William C. Stockton, Mt. Clemens, was commissioned First Lieutenant, Twenty-sec- 
ond Infantry, July 31, 1862; transferred to Eighth Cavalry. 

William C. Stockton, Mt. Clemens, transferred from Twenty-second Infautrv to the 



"®1V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COL'NTY. 



Eighth Cavalry; was commissioned Captain in the latter command November 1, 1862. and 
resigned April 15, 1864. 

Addison R. Stone, Memphis, commissioned Assistant Surgeon Fifth Cavalry, Sep- 
tember 25, 1862; was discharged, on account of disability, September 8, 1863. 
^ William Sumner, Utica, Sergeant Major, Twenty-seventh Infantry, August 11, 1862; 
was commissioned First Lieutenant May 15, 1805, and served iintil muster-out, -Tuly 26, 
1865. 

Horatio Van Sickle, Utica, Sergeant Company H, Seventh Infantry, August 22, 1861; 
was commissioned First Lieutenant June 22, 1863; Major, October 5, 1864; Lieutenant 
Colonel, November 18, 1804: and discharged with the rank of Major, May 15, 1865. 

Ezekiel Van Vliet, Ridgeway, was commissioned First Lieutenant, Thirteenth Infan- 
try, October 3, 1861; Captain, July 13, 1862; and resigned February 28, 1863. 

Edgar Weeks, Mt. Clemens, was appointed Sergeant Company B, Fifth Michigan 
Infantry, August 28, 1861, he being the first non-commissioned officer of the county. A 
year later, he was transferred to the Twenty- second Infantry. 

Edgar Weeks, Mt. Clemens, was commissioned First Lieutenant and Adjiitant, 
Twenty-second Michigan Infantry, August 2, 1862, and Captain, November 27, 1862, 
which position he held until the acceptance of his resignation, November 17, 1863. 

George M. Wilson, New Baltimore, entered Battery E, First Light Artillery, Novem- 
ber 11, 1801: Second Lieutenant, March 16. 1864; First Lieutenant, March 27, 1865; 
was mustered out July 20, 1865. 

n William AVilkiuson, Romeo, commissioned Captain, Ninth Michigan Infantry, Octo- 
ber 12, 1861; Major, October 13, 1862; Lieutenant Colonel, February 6, 1863; brevet 
Colonel United States Volunteers, March 13, 1865; was mustered out September 15, 1865, 
after a term of brilliant service. This soldier was made prisoner at Murfreesboro, Tenn., 
July 13, 1862, and paroled October 12, 1862. 

William W. Wilkinson, Romeo, was appointed Hospital Steward, Ninth Michigan 
Infantry, August 31, 1864: commissioned Second Lieutenant August 10. 1865. and was 
mustered out without rank September 15, 1868. 

FIRST MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

The organization of the First Infantry began June 28, 1861, while yet the three- 
months regiment was in the field. The command left en route for the seat of war Sep- 
tember 16. 1861, under Col. John C. Robinson. From this period until July 1, 1862, it 
participated in the affairs of Mechanicsville, June 20; Gaines' Mill, June 27; Peach 
Orchard, June 21): White Oak Swamp, June 30; and Malvern Hill, July 1. Entering the 
coi'ps (Vnrmec under Gen. Pope, it was engaged at Gainsvillo August 29, and at Bull Run 
August 30. It was present at Fredericksbm-g diu-ing the terrific fighting round that 
position; subsequently, it took a prominent part on the field of Chancellorsville. After a 
series of brilliant meetings with the rebels, it arrived at Gettysbm-g July 2, 1803, and, 
during that and the two succeeding days, added to its laurels. 



:t* 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



To notice the varied service of this cotamand is beyond our limits. However, the 
part it took in the war for the Union will be evident from the following record of well- 
fought fields: Williamsport, Md., July 12; Wapping Heights, Va., July 21; Culpepper, 
Va., October 13; MineRim. November 29, 1S63; Wilderness, Va.. May 5. 6 and 7; Spottsyl- 
vania. Va. , May 12; Ny River. North Anna, Jerico Mills, Noel's Tavern and Tolopotomy, 
between May 20 and 30, 1864; Magnolia Swamp and Bethesda Church, June 1 and 2; 
Petersbui-g, June 18; Weldon Railroad, Va., August 19, 20, 21, 1864; Hatcher's Run, 
Five Forks and Appomattox Court House, in February, March and April, 1865. 

soldiers' record. 

John Baptiste. killed at Gaines' Hill June 27, 1862. 

John Ross, killed at Gaines' Hill June 27, 1862. 

William Biddlecomb, killed at Fredericksburg December 13, 1862. 

Frederick Cady, missing at Gaines' Hill June 27, 1862. 

Charles Boyce, missing at Malvern Hill July 1, 1862. 

John Boss, missing at Chickahominy June 27, 1862. 

Fred W. Cady, died of wounds at Chicago July, 1880. 

Alexander McElroy, died from wounds at Washington, June 2, 1864. 

John Tremble, missing at the Wilderness May 5, 1864. 

Discharged — Stephen Pickel, John Myers, Judson R. Smith. Sam F. Crawford, G. 
Riley Granby, Thomas J. Langtry, John Trombly, Jared E. Pitts, Samuel F. Crawford, 
Fred W. Cady, Charles Eldredge, Cyrus C. Gregg, George Van Antwerp, John Tremble. 

SECOND MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

The Second Michigan Infantry left its rendezvous at Detroit June 5. 1861, and was 
the first three-years command from Michigan to report at the front. Its strength, per- 
fected July 1, was 1,115 men. From Blackburn's Ford, Va., July 1861, to the siege of 
Petersburg, Va., April 3, 1865, it participated in no less than forty-two general actions. 
The command was mustered out at AVashington, July 29, 1865, and reported at Detroit 
fdr discharge August 1, 1865. Albert E. Gates and Michael White were the only repre- 
sentatives reported from Macomb in this command. 

THIRD MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized at Grand Rapids, accepted May 15, 1861, and left the 
city under Col. Daniel McConnell, for the Potomac, June 13, 1861. It was consolidated 
with the Fifth Infantry June 13, 1864. The thirty-seven battles and skirmishes in which 
it participated form its record. The principal affairs are: Blackburn's Ford, July 18, 
1861; Bull Run, July 21, 1861; the siege of Yorktown. April 4 to May 5, 1862; the Wil- 
derness. Todd's Tavern, Po River, Spottsylvania, North Anna, in May, 1864; Petersburg, 
June 16 to. 22, 1864; Strawberry Plains, August 14 to 17, 1864; Poplar Spring Church, 
September 30, 1864; Hatcher's Run Februaiy 2 to March 25, 1865, ending with the mill- 



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386 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

tiiry aft'air at Appomattox. April 9, 1865. Duriug its service, tlie command lost foiu' offi- 
cers and ninety-six privates on the field; forty-seven men died from wounds received, and 
two officers and seventy-five privates died on account of disease. A partial consolidation 
with the Fifth Infantry was ordered June 13, 18G4, and the original organization mus- 
tered out of service June 20, 1864. The Third was re-organized, and serv'ed until mus- 
tered out, May 2f), 18(iB The command was disbanded at Detroit June 10, 1866. 

soldiers' record. 

Charles H. Bartlett, died at Murfi'eesboro January 17, 1865. 

Ransom Paine, died at Murfreesboro January 17, 1865. 

AVilliam C. Paine, died at Huutsville January 17, 1865. 

Judson Spaulding, died at Vicksburg June 22, 1865. 

James H. Han-ington, died at Green Lake, Texas, August 6, 1865. 

Samuel Hedges, died at Nashville June 15, 1865. 

Luther H. Ward, died at Murfreesboro February 7, 1865. 

Discharged — Alonzo Goss, Dexter M. Hulsart, John D. Hartman. Amos Trowbridge. 
Bernard Pettit, Rodman Coolidge, Harrison Wood, Lysander W. Evarts, Eden L. Arm- 
strong, Hemy A. Davis. Elijah L. Adams. Dwight A. Babbitt, William Bickle, Charles 
L. Boughton, Rudolph Bm-gess, William J. Cook, Homer C. Everett, Ira A. Fitch, Will- 
iam Gunderman, John Hagnei', N. C. Hays. Jr., Sylvester Hazleton, William Hines, Mer- 
ritt Hopkins, Thaddeus Hazleton, Isaac A. Healy, Hemy Sandford, Robert M. Still, 
William Kettler, Ira A. Rice, Leonard Hicks, Clarence H. Crawford, Fred Foss, Melvin 
Gi'egory, Patrick Horan, Charles E. Ross. Albert Gillett, Charles H. Ward, Eugene C. 
Cheeney, Edwai-d C. Cross, Oliver B. Freeman, Robert Freeiand, Benjamin Hockwell, Eli 
Hollister, Joseph Stephenson, Wan-en Spink, George Talbot, George W. Tinsman, Frank 
Koltz. John Smith. Roney Engleman, Henry Burnham, Philo Beardsley, Alex Gunn, H. 
F. McKinzie, Fletcher P. Wright. Phillip Emburg, Moses Moore, Virgil S. Grant, Joseph 
Rankin. 

FOURTH MICHIGAN INTANTRY. 

This regiment was organized at Adi'ian, and mustered into service, under Col. Wood- 
bury. June 20, 1861. Its term of service expired June 19, 186-t, when it was mustered 
out, and proceeded to Detroit, where it arrived on June 26. That portion which remained 
was consolidated with the First Infantry, and served with this command until ordered to 
join the Foiu-th (re-organized) Infantry, June 24, 1865. The service of the old command 
was principally on the battle-fields of A^irginia. From the period of re-organization to 
the close of the war, it was present at Decatiu", New Market, Ala. , and Murfreesboro, 
Tenn. The command was mustered out at Houston, Texas, May 26, 1866, and was dis- 
banded at Detroit Jime 10, 1866. 

soldiers' RECORD. 

Ezra Bates, missing in action at Meehanicsville June 26, 1862. 

Clinton M. Farrar, killed in action at Fredei icksburg December 13, 1862. 



ff^ 



BISTORT OF MACOMB COU^TTT 



Homer F. Dodge, died at XashviEe ITareli o. 1S65. 

MartiiL L. Dryer, died at ITiirfreesboro December 22. 1864. 

Erwin O. Fairbrotker. died at Mnssej, llich.. October 20. lS6o. 

Norman L. Flower, died at ilTirfreesboro Jamiary 22, 1865. 

JTormaa HoUt, died at }s"asiiville Decemier ^. 1864. 

George Robinson, died at ilarfreesboro April 26, 1865. 

Gardner H. Wells, died at ICurfreesboro February IT, 1863. 

Walter Clark, died at Xaahville February 15. 1865. 

lEadiaon W. Churchill, died at ICurfreesboro January 12, lS6o. 

Discharged — WiUiam K. ITcClury, C. H. Weatherwax. John Wheeler. Alonzo 
Waite, W. H. WUson. Henry W. Birch, John H Gibbs. Charles Kjng. Lenzer IL Ams- 
den, George W. Curtiss, Simon H Heath. Charles L. Jenny, Benjamin F. Frost. Daniel 
M. Jones. William C. Huggitt, Amos X. Scott, James HI BiiniilL }Sewell Bowen. Jared 
Corey. Peter Churchill. Isaac Coddington. Charles H Deilree. Albert C. Ftmston. JQbert 
Gillett. Robert Haire. David Hawkins. Andrew Hicks. Joshua Hill. ^Nathan Hnrd. Sr.. R. 
O. Jack man. William Jackson. Robert Huttart, John Sailes. Aug. A. Smith. Joel R. Ste- 
phens. George Stipe, Daniel Wilson, W. H Wilson, Albert iL Cook, Andrew Emerson, 
David Hawkins. Garrison K Smith. Charles T. Denton. Henry Lort^ngen, David John- 
son, Jeremiah A. Sutton, Oliver Denton. D. ilcKenzie, Hilton E. Fisher. 

FTFTH MICHI&AS OFAirrHT. 

This regiment was organized at Fort Wayne, and mustere<l into the Tnited States 
service y August 28, 1861. It comprised the following commands: Sherlock (xuarde, of 
Detroit, Company A: Mt. Clemens Guard, Company B: East Saginaw Yolunteers. Com- 
pany C: IjigersoU Rifles, Company H: Govsmors Guard. Com.pany F: Saginaw City, 
Light Infantry. Company K: Livingston Volunteers. Company I; Washington Guard, 
Company G: Pontiac Volunteers. Company D. and Huron Rangers, Company E. The 
commissioned officers belonging to this county, who went into service with the regiment, 
were; Capt. Judson S. Farrar, First Lieut. Edgar H Shook, Second Lieut Henry C. 
Edgerly. The strength of the command at date of muster was 9<iri men and. officers, un- 
der CoL Henry D. Terry. Previous to leaving Fort Wayne. BukL >rewland Jt Co., of 
that village, presented the regimental color, which is now in possession c:)f the Soldiers' 
Society, of ilacomb and St. Clair, who render it double honor on account of the service it 
has^seen. as well as in memory of the ten comrades who fell in its defense. The Fifth 
Infantry left Detroit en route to the front September 11, 1861c went into camp near 
Alexandria: sfcLrmished with the rebels at Pohick Creek. January y, 1862. ami. in March, 
entered upon regular duty in Berry's Command, of PhiL Kearney's Division of 
M!cClelland"s Peninsular Corps. It was engaged in. the siege of Torfctown from April -t to 
May 5. 1862. losing thizty-four killed and, ll'j wounded, at Williamsburg May o. The 
place of honor was bestowed on the Fifth Infantry that day by Gen. Eeamey, which place 
was well filled, since the command t(5ok the rebel ritie pit at the bayonet's pcDint. Fair 



f 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Oaks was contested May 31. The affairs of Peach Orchard, Glendale and Malvern Hill 
took place June 29, 30 and July 1, 1862. At Peach Orchard, thirty men were killed and 
]1V> wounded. Charles H. Hutehins was among the killed and Charles S. Traverse re- 
ceived wounds which resulted in his death at Washington, July 22. In the report of 
Capt. Farrar. dated Harrison's Landing, July 4, special mention is made of Capts. Gillooly 
and Matthews, Lieuts. Shook, Ladue, Edgerly, Pomeroy, Johnson and Adjutant John W. 
O'Callaghan. Maj. Fairbanks died of wounds at Washington July 25. 

The Second Bull Run. August 28, Grovetown, August 29, and Chantilly. September 
1, won new laurels for the regiment. At Fredericksburg. December 13. Lieut. Col. John 
Gillooly. its commanding officer, was killed, with nine of his men. The body was searched 
out by Lieut. H. B. Blackman, uf Howell, who brought it to Michigan for burial. 

The regiment crossed the Rappahannock May 1, 18(33, participated in the affair of 
the Cedars, May 2, and, on the 3d, entered the battle of Chaucellorsville, losing in those 
affairs seven killed and forty-three wounded, together with Lieut. Col. Sherlock, who fell 
at Chancellorsville. Gettysbui-g was fought July 2 and 3; Wapping Jleights, October 1 ; 
Kelly's Ford, November 20; Locust Grove, November 27, and Mine Run November 29, 1863. 
In the affair at Gettysburg, the command lost nineteen killed, ninety wounded and five 
prisoners. It suffered a small loss in the subsequent engagements. Among the killed at 
Locust Grove was Lieut. Dan B. Wyker. After the affair at Mine Run, the Fifth went 
into camp near Brandy Station. Leaving that point December 28, 1863, with 177 officers 
and men, it reached Detroit January 4, 1864, where a furlough of thirty-six days was 
granted. 

The regiment recruited at Deti-oit, and again left, under Col. Pulford, for the fi-ont, 
February 10, 1864, and arrived at Brandy Station February 14. Crossed the Rapidan 
May 3, and entered the Wilderness May 5, at Orange Coiu-t House. In the opening ac- 
tion of the campaign of 1864, Capt. G. W. Rose was mortally wounded, and Col. Pulford 
and Maj. Matthews severely wounded. On the 6th, Capts. E. H. Shook and W. W. Waken- 
shaw were wounded, yet took a full part in the battle of the Wilderness. Capt. Hiorlbut 
was killed at Todd's Tavern, on the 8th. At Po River, 10th ; Spottsylvania. 12th ; North Anna 
River, 23; Tolopotomy. 30th of May, 1864, the regiment well sustained its name. Lieut. 
Pierce was killed at North Anna. The Fifth. Michigan Infantry, as organized in 1861, 
may be said to have lost its individuality after the affair at Cold Harbor, June 2, 1864, 
for, on the 10th of that month, the Third Michigan Infantry was consolidated with it. 

The regiment as re-organized entered service at Petersburg, June 16 to 22; on the 
25th and 26th. it served on picket and fatigue duty; on the 27th and 28th, was present 
at Deep Bottom. It participated in the affairs at Poplar Springs Court House, September 
30; at Boydton Road, October 27, 18()4. After this, it formed the garrison of Fort Davis, 
on the Jerusalem pike road. On March 26, 1865, it was present at Hatcher's Run, and 
at Boydton Road; on April 2, on service wi<tti the Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. Its 
share in the cajjture of Petersburg, Va., April 3, 1865, cannot be overestimated. Subse- 
quently, the command served at Sailor's Creek, April 6; at New Store, Ajn-il 8, and closed 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUXTY. 391 

a term of magnificent services to the Union at Appomattox Court House, Va., April 9, 
1865, when Gen. Lee surrendered. The command participated in the grand military- re- 
view at Washington. May 23, 1865: was mustered out -July 5: arrived at Detroit July 8, 
and was disbanded July IT, 1865. 

soldiers' becord. 

John E. Hubert, killed at Williamsbiug May 5, 1862. 

Hiram P. Arnold, killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. J 

Augustus Trombley, killed at Charles City Cross Roads June 30, 1S62. 

Silas PoUuck, killed at Alexandria December 22, 1862. 

Charles L. De Wolf, died in camp February 23, 1862. 

Edwin Everetts, died in camp February 28, 1862. 

Edward Ford, died in camp February 23, 1862. 

George Frederick, died at Meridian Hill May 22, 1862. 

Tillman Adams, died in camp February 23, 1862. 

John Burt, died in camp Februaiy 15, 1862. 

Alonzo A. Doty, died at Alexandria March 9. 1862. 

Discharged, 1862 — Edgar Weeks, Harvey G. French, John "Sroman, Henry H. Van Du- 
sen. -James E. Yan Yoorheis, Frank Williams, Martin Conley, George Cottrell. Joseph -Jock. 
James Potter, Eli Hollister, Stephen M. Collidy, Martin B. Clarke. William H. Robinson, 
John W. Bennett, Joseph Le Croix, Edward Shanley, -John Roberts. 

Jerome Shook, killed at Gettysburg July 3, 1863. 

Charles A. Turner, killed at Gettysburg July 3, 1863. 

Alanson Carpenter, died at Camp Pitcher January 11, 1863. 

James Decker, died at Washington March 15, 1863. 

Thomas Berchall, died in action May 5, 1864. 

William Dykeman, died at Washington June 25, 1864. 

Wilber McKibbey, died June 1, 1864. 

Joseph C. Halsey, died May 19, 1864. 

William F. Lerich. died April 10, 1864. 

Discharged, 1863—1 — Zelotus Fessenden, Isaac X. Lerich, Ii-a A. Blumburg, Warren 
Spink, Daniel L. Smith, Nicholas Le Croix, William Belles, Cortez A Hooker, L, Davis 
Owen, John Gasper. Henry Pretzer, Heuiy W. Babcoek, Charles Hugot, -John J. Casey, 
Alex De Land, William Tucker, Luke Stanton. Edwin R. Smith. Robert D. Shook, George 
Taylor, David K Halsey. T. J. West, George Averson, Amos Button, Hemy Brad- 
ley, Anson Baker, N. D. Mussey, Arthur Giddings, Allen Hicks, William Lakon, Patrick 
McCafli-ey, Dan A. Mi llspaugh. William Rapp, W. A. Rowley, Hei-man Schmidt, Chancey 
Torrey. George Turner. Theo B. Weldon. W. E. T. Wilson, Michael Stapleton, Sr., H. G. 
Samist, William R. Bartlett, Mai-ion Dai-ling, Steadman B. FaiTar, James Casey, Oliver 
Damant. William H. Halsey, George Galliard, Edward Ouillette, Patrick Xolan, Thomas 
Gibson, Josiah Wellington. Martin L. Wellington. Solomon Doty. Sterling Hannibal. 

Transferred to Yeteran Resei-ve Corps— David K. Halsey, George A, Turner. Sylvester 



^^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Boycp. Herman Schmidt. W. R. F. Wilson, Henry Bradley, Abel Butterfield, Anson H. 
Baker, Charles Chapman, Zelotus Fessenden, Allen E. Hicks, William Lake. Patrick Mc- 
Caffrey, William Rapp, William Robinson, William A. Rowley, George Taylor, Michael 
Stapleton, Henry P. Siel, W. H. McKibbey, Charles Pretzer. 

SIXTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

The Sixth Infantry left en route for the field, with 944 officers and men, August 30, 
1861, adding to its roster within the half year 130 recruits. The regiment left Balti- 
more for New Orleans in April, 1862, and formed one of the regiments of occupation. 
During the battle of Baton Rouge. August 5, 1862, it sustained a loss of sixteen killed. 
During the year, no less than 143 died of wounds and disease, forty-eight wounded and 
seven prisoners, which, together with losses'due to other causes, reduced its strength to 756 
rank and tile. 

January 14. 1863, the command aided in the destruction of the rebel gunboat Cotton; 
Ponchatoula was captured February 23; the camp at Tangissaho and sixty rebels captured 
May 6; the capture of Port Hudson occurred July 9, in all of which the Sixth Infantry 
took a leading part. In the first assault on Port Hudson, the command lost one-third of 
its number. A regiment of Heavy Ai'tillery was formed out of the material of the Sixth 
Regiment, July 30, 1863. During the first six months of the year, there died 115 men 
and twenty-two were severely wounded. 

The varied service of this regiment during the campaign of 1864 was of no ordinary 
character. The command lost three men killed, 155 died of disease and eighteeu taken 
prisoners. Diiring the last months of service, it took part in all the affairs from Ashton, 
Ark., July 24, 1864, to the seige of Mobile, April, 1865, and was discharged at Jackson, 
September 5, 1865. 

John C H. Klokow was discharged August 20, 1865, he being the only Macomb vol- 
unteer reported in the ranks of this command. 

SEVENTH INFANTRY. 

The Seventh Infantry was mustered in at Munroe, and left for the the seat of war 
September 5, 1861, with 884 men and officers, to which number 214 men were added before 
July 1, 1862. It participated in the sanguinary affairs of Ball's Bluff, Antietam and Fred- 
ericksburg. It was the first Union regiment to cross the Rappahannock, where it annihi- 
lated the rebel sharp-shooter brigade. 

The regiment passed through the Potomac campaign of 1863, with a loss of sixty 
dead and eighty-three wounded, of which number twenty-one were killed and forty-four 
wounded at Gettysburg July 3. 

This command took a very brilliant part in the campaign of 1864. with the Anny of 
the Potomac. It lost forty-one men killed, seven who died from the effects of hardships, 
131 wounded and thirty-one prisoners. The Seventh Infantry served with distinction at 
Hatcher's Run, from Febi-uary 5 to March 29, 1865; at Cat Tail Creek, April 2; at Farm- 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ville, on the 7th, and at the siege of Petersburg from June 17, 1864, to Ajjril 3, 1865. 
The command was mustered out at Jefferson, Ind., July 5, and was disbanded at Jackson 
July 7, 1865. 

SdLDIF.R"' RFCORII. 

William H. Clemens, killed at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. 

Ira C. Denton, killed at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. 

George Webster, killed at Spottsylvania May 9. 18(i4. 

Discharged, 1862 -Joseph H. Dodge, Bruce Dengman, George Caton, Lyman Gilbert, 
Volney Hicks, Alfred H. Newcomer, Levi L. Dudley, James H. Gregg, Cyinis Hicks, Porter 
Beebe. George Oaks, James Isghman, Patrick Morris, William Phillips, Horatio Van 
Sickle, Isaac Kelly, Alex Gordon, .Joseph Barclay, Ferdinand Worth, .John W. Lamphei-e. 

EIGHTH MICHIGAN INTANTRY. 

The Eighth Michigan Infantry was partially organized at Grand Rapids, and com- 
pleted organization at Fort Wayne. September 23, 1861, when it was mustered into serv- 
ice, and left for the held September 27. under Col. Fenton. Its first engagement was at 
Port Royal, S, C, and its last at Petersbm'g, Va., A.pril 3, 1865. This command was 
singularly fortunate in its varied travels, and gained for itself the name " Wandering 
Regiment."" Having participated in thirty-seven important engagements, the survivors 
of the war returned to Detroit August 1, 1865, where they were discharged two days 
later. 

Adolphus Moore died at Washington September 20, 1864, and Anthony Shettler was 
discharged June 1, 1865, they being the only troops reported from Macomb in this regi- 
ment. 

NINTH MICHIGAN INT.^NTRY. 

This command left the camp at Detroit en route for Louisville, October 25, 1861, un- 
der Col, W. W. Duffield, with 913 officers and private soldiers. The Ninth was the first 
Michigan regiment to take an active part in the Western military movements. In No- 
vember, 1861, it moved to Muldraugh Hill, where it acted as "engineers and mechanics" 
imtil January 4, 1862, when it entered on regular field duty. From Pulaski, Tenn,, and 
the pursuit of Morgan, in May, 1862, to its last engagement at Jonesbsro, Ga., September 
1, 1864. the record of the command is e.xceptionally brilliant. The number of battles in 
which it participated is not so large as that appearing to the credit of other regiments, 
yet the importance of those great contests, and the round of duty which fell to the com- 
mand, make up in greater measure what their actions want in number. In the State 
records, an error gives credit to the Ninth for being present at Miu'freesboro July 13, 
1861, though not organized until October of that year. Beginning with Murfeeesboro of 
July 13, 1862. and looking over the list of battles, we find that the Ninth took a brilliant 
part at Jjavergne, December 27, 1862; at Stone River, from December 29, 1862, to Janu- 
ary' 3, 1863; at Chickamauga, September 19 and 20, and Mission Ridge, November 25, 
1863; at Rocky Face, Ga., May 8; Resaca, May 14; Dallas, May 27; Kenesaw. June 25; 






■fT 



■^t^ — ^ -^ — "V^ 

394 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

Chattahoochie River, July 5 and 6; siege of Atlanta, July 22 to August 25, and at Jones- 
boro, September 1, 1864. The regiment left Marietta, Ga, October 31, 1864, for Chatta- 
nooga, where it was placed on guard duty, and where it remained until transferred to 
Nashville. March 29, 1865. There it was mustered out of service, September 15, 1865, 
and, returningto this State, was discharged, at Jackson, September 27, 1865. 

soldiers' record. 

Phili}) Cndworth, Jr., died at West Point, Ky., December 6, 1861. 

Almou Wright, died at Murfreesboro July, 1862. 

Clark W. Weston, died at West Point, Ky., December 4, 1861. 

Franklin Waite, died at West Point, Ky., November 18, 1861. 

Earlman Vaughn, died at West Point, Ky. , January 18, 1862. 

Discharged — Henry Chapman, Edward Ewolls, August Fullen, Edwin Leonard, 
Floyd Lufkins, Walter T. Lee, Joel Carpenter, W. H. Taylor, Archibald Preston, Barney 
McCaffrey, Robert Lee, Richard Trombley, James Remington, Josiah Remington, Daniel 
Moran, Jay M. Warren, George Pickering, Elias Robertson, Hugh Sutherland, Andrew 
Luttenbaoker, Lewis Tiu-ner, Horace R. Garlick, Ludwig Hintz. 

Among the large number of volunteers from Macomb County, who were discharged 
from the Ninth for re-enlistment as veterans, the following names appear; Stillman Cran- 
dall. Albert L. Power, George Wright, James M. Woolvin, Daniel Hockey, Charles Jones. 
Pt)rter L. Harris Philo W. Huminston, Rowland Crandall, James W. Proper, Richard 
Cliif, Joseph Barber, Elijah P. Draper, William Hogle, James D. Kellogg, Benjamin F. 
Linderman, D. J. Sutherland, Judson Sturgis, Solomon Treadwell, James Venacker, M. 
V. Weldon, Julius E. Barber, Merrill Fuller, Samuel Fuller, Truo Hai't, Jason Linder- 
man. Ed D. Prentiss, Geoi-ge M. Phelps, Jo.seph H. Smith, Alonzo Cushing, Freeling 
Townsend, Jacob T. Watrous, Franklin Whitlock. Thomas H. Pool, James F. Dove, John 
]V[cKeel, Nathan H. Lee, Julian Buzzell, George Wright, Marcus Buzzell, James New- 
man, Elias D. Drake, Daniel Hockey, Jonah H. Carj)enter, E. AV. Goodenough, Joseph 
Hanchett, Michael S. Howell, Archibald Houston, William G. Miner, C. J. Yager, Ebe- 
aezer Smith, Edward N. Case, Hamilton Davis, Isaac Coleman, Frank B. Stewart, C. W. 
Sylvester. Charles Jones, Roland Crandall. Porter L. Harris, Roswidd Pitcher, Isaac N. 
Cook, Henry Wixon, Philo Humiston. 

Lemuel Fillmore died at Nashville August 16; Roland Hicks died at Chatt anooga 
February 28, and John B. Bennett, Sr., died at Detroit August 28, 1865. 

TENTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

This command was organized at Flint, under Col. E. H Thompson, commandant of 
camp. It was mustered into service Februaiy 6, 1862, and left for the front under Col. 
Lum April 22, 1862. It served on thirty well-fought fields, from Farmington, Miss., 
May 9, 1862, to Bentonville, N. C, March 19 and 20, 1865. It was mustered out at 
Louisville, Ky. , July 19, and disbanded at Jackson August 1, 1865. 






■^ 



HISTOEY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



SOLIIIKKS' RECORn. 

Hamilton Holloway, died at Nashville March '25, 1803. 

Hiram E. Barrett, died at Farmington August 11, lSfi2. 

Aaron Walters, fell on the Held August 13, 1864. 

John Derby, fell on the field August 28, 1862. 

Miles O. Kugg, fell at Mound City October 29, 1862. 

Franklin Knapp, fell at Nashville November 13, 1S62. 

Joseph Gleeson, killed at Atlanta, Ga. . 1865. 

Discharged, 1865 — Edward McConnell, Roland H. Hicks, George W. Gordon, Joseph 
Cudworth, Josiah Gibbs, Charles J. Ashley, Hem-y Spencer, Aaron Walters. Marvin Len- 
nox, George A. Hanes, George M. Richards, James Mclntyre. 

ELEVENTH MICHIG.iN INFANTRY. 

The Eleventh Infantry left White Pigeon December 9, 1861, with 1,004 men and 
officers, for Kentucky. The only service rendered by the command in 1862 was the repulse 
of Morgan at Gallatin, Tenn., August 13, 1862. Previous to November of that yeai', no less 
than 118 soldiers of the Eleventh succmnbed to disease. 

On the Slst of December, 1862, and the 2d of January, 1863, the regiment, then in 
the Fourteenth Army Corps, was warmly engaged at Stone River, losing thirty -two killed, 
seventy-nine wounded and twenty-nine missing, a total of 140, Soon after this engage- 
ment, the regiment was detached to act as provost guard at Murfreesboro, and it remained 
on that duty until the advance on Tullahoma, in June. On the 1st of July, it was en- 
gaged in a sharp skirmish at Elk River, with the loss of one officer, taken prisoner. 
After the conclusion of this movement of the army, the Eleventh went into camp at De- 
cherd, Tenn., where it remained until the advance into Georgia, on the 1st of September. 
The march over the mountains was accomplished under gi'eat difficulties, and at a test of 
great endiu'ance on the pai't of the troops. On the 11th of September, the command was 
})resent at Davis" Cross Roads, covering the retreat of Negley's and Bayard" s troops. On 
the 19th of the same mouth, the regiment lost seven killed, seventy-six wounded and 
twenty-three prisoners. 

The total number of deaths in the ranks during the year was ninety, wounded, 
ninety, and prisoners, forty-two. At Mission Ridge and Graysville, the command rendered 
good service. 

During the year 1864, the regiment took a most important pai't in the Georgia cam- 
paign, losing thirty-seven men killed, seventeen died of disease- and eighty wounded. It 
was honorably discharged Sejjtember 30, 1864, after a term of brilliant service. The men 
who re-enlisted as veterans remained, and served with the new Eleventh, which arrived 
at Nashville March 16, 1865. The command was discharged at Jackson September 23, 
1865. 

William Anderson was discharged September 16, 1865, being the only representative 
of Macomb in the command. 



^U 



riv^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



TWELFTH MICHIOAN INFANTKY. 

The organization of this command was begun under Col. Francis Quinn, at Niles, in 
Septemlser, 1861, and completed February '.i'l. 1S62; moved from camp for Pittsburg 
Laudincr March 18, and was in time to participate in the action at that point, April 6 and 
7. The regiment was present at luka, Miss., September 19; Metamora, October 5; Mid- 
dleburg, Tenn., December 24, 1802; at Mechanicsville, Miss., June 4; Vicksburg, June 
and July; Little Rock, August and September; Clarendon, Ark. , June 26, and at Gregory's 
Landing. September 4, 1864. The command arrived at Jackson, Mich., February 27, 
1865, and was disbanded March 6, 1865. 

Discharged — Thomas Reed, Herman Trombley, Peter Landschoot, of Macomb County. 

THIRTEENTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized under Col. Charles E. Stuart, at Kalamazoo, and mus- 
tered into service January 17, 1862. The command left for Pittsburg Landing February, 
12, 1862, which point it reached in time to take part in the lighting. Its record shows 
twenty-six important engagements, beginning with Shiloh, Tenn., April 7, 1862, and end- 
ing with Bentonville, N. C, March lit, 1865. The regiment arrived at Jackson, Mich.. 
July 27, 1865, where it was discharged. 

William Mitchell was discharged May 25, 1862, and Albert Little July 25, 1865, 
they forming the only representatives of this county in the rank and tile. 

FOURTEENTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

This regiment left Ypsilanti April 17, 1862, for Pittsburg Landing, with a force of 
925 rank and tile. Diu-ing the first ten months, it participated in numerous engagements 
— in the battle of Stone River, January 3, 1868, it won an enviable reputation, taking 
part in that affair after a march of thirty miles thi-ough rain and mud. It formed the re- 
lief for the cavalry at Franklin, from the 8th to the 14th of March, 1862; moved to Brent- 
wood April 8 and retiu-ned to Nashville July 3. There it received orders to relieve the 
force at Franklin, where, on September 6, it was equipped as a cavalry regiment, and 
eight companies sent forward to Columbia. The service of this command was exceptionally 
brilliant, and its conduct san>i reproche. Retui'ning, it ref>orted for discharge at Jackson, 
Mich., July 18, 1865, and was disbanded oq the 29th. 

SOLDIKRS' liECOIU). 

Peter Connor died at Monterey July 22, 1862. 

George W. Stanley, died at Nashville; no date. 

James Branagan, fell at Nashville April 6, 1865. 

Benjamin Getchell, died at Detroit March 15, 1864. 

Discharged— John McGuire, Matthias Hal ler, Daniel Donahue, Charles Fuller, Fran- 
cis Haganer, William Lamb, Robert F. Montgomery, Seth Chase, George L. Myers, Fran- 
cis Cherboneau, Charles J. Stephens, William Hockuell, Richard Lamb, Aldest L. Hock- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



nell, Joseph Tourbot, Henry Gillespie, Austin S. Phelps, Patrick Casey, Amos Armstrong, 
John Franklin, John Cotterel, Daniel Donahue, William Lamb, Robert Montgomery. Riehai'd 
Trombley, Caleb Boss, George Gordon, Conroy Collier, Alex McMillan. 

FIFTEENTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

The Fifteenth Michigan Infantry was organized under Col. J. M. Oliver, at Monroe, 
and mustered into service March 20, 1862, with a force of 869 men. The command 
reached Pittsburg Landing in time for the military afifairs at that place April, 6 and 7, 
1862, and served with distinction throughout the Mississippi, Georgia and Carolina cam- 
paigns, concluding its services at Bentonville, N. C, March 19, 1865. Arriving at Detroit 
September 3. 1865, the regiment was disbanded. 

soldiers' eecord. 

Jeremiah Wall, died at Corinth August 8, 1862. 

Discharged — Felix Morreil, James W.Brown, Ashel Crawford, Christian Ohrens, Carl 
Eckhart, Lafayette Giddings, Wallace Gamber, Carl Gloefk, George Hall, Jacob Bliss, 
Aug. Behn, George C. Heydenrick. Joseph Kader, Anthony Taylor, JohnC. Rowley, Noah 
Sage, Frederick Waterman, Louis Grant, David Grant, George Scott, Elias Stockwell, John 
Hartline. 

SIXTEENTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

The Sixteenth Michigan Infantry, originally known as Stockton's Independent Regi- 
ment, was organized at Camp Backus, Flint, by Col. T. W. B. Stockton, and left for Vir- 
ginia September 16,. 1861, with 761 officers and men. This command took part in no less 
than fifty-two important actions, beginning with the siege of Yorktown, Va. . April 4, 1862, 
and concluding with the siege of Petereburg April 3, 1865. The regiment was mustered 
out at Jeffersonville, Ind., July 8, 1865, and reported at Jackson for discharge July 12, 
where it was disbanded July 25, 1865. 

soldiers' rkcord. 

Elijah B. Coffin, killed at Bull Run August 30, 1862. 

Joseph McNall, killed at Gaines' Hill June 27, 1862. 

James Stevens, died at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. 

Charles H. Bancroft, died at City Point September 21, 1864. 

George M. Richards, died at Andersonville August 6, 1864. 

Charles G. Morris, died at Hall's Hill February 21, 1862. 

Discharged — Oliver Hopkins James H. Sands. James Russell, Cash Megi'ove. Charles 
Hetzler, Jeflerson L. Hetzler, James Hollister, Martin Bertman, AMlliam Palmer, Thomas 
J. Hollister, Hemy G. Lee, Charles H. Bancroft, J. W. Coykendall, Robert C. Warts. John 
Opfer. William R. McCann. John Duggan, John Daly, Thomas Gilby, Benson McCall. 
Adam Stefies. Magliore Cashway, Henry Rood, Charles Hetzler. Jefi' L. Hetzler. Joachim 
Nieman. Charles L. Harris, James R. Moreland, Robert C. Worts. 






Afz=z^ 



\iL 



HISTOllY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



SEVENTEENTH MICHIGAN REGIMENT. 

The Seventeenth Michigan Infantry, or the Stonewall Regiment, was organized at De- 
troit in May. 1862, and left for the front August 27, under Col. William H. Withington. 
It took a most important part in the war for the Union; won renown at South Mountain, 
September l-t, 1862, and finished a brilliant career at Petersburg April 3, 18(55. The 
command aiTived at Detroit June 7, 1865. where it was disbanded. 

SOLDIRES' r-ICC iBD. 

John T. Fox, killed at Antietam September 18, 1862. 

John M. Robinson, died January 4 1863. 

DiBcharged — James Noonan. Frank Bockman, Alex Mosher. 

EIGHTEENTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

The Eighteenth Infantry was organized at Hillsdale by Hon. Henry Waldron. and 
left for Cincinnati, under Col. E. Doolittle. September 4, 1862. The force comprised 
1.002 men and officers. On the 1st of November. 1862, this regiment was stationed at 
Lexington. Ky., and remained at that point until February 21. 1863. when it marched to- 
ward Danville, arriving on the 22d. On the 24th of February, 1863, with the forces un- 
der Gen. Carter, it retreated from Danville to the Kentucky River, skirmishing with the 
rebels under Gen. Pegram during the retreat. On the 28th, the regiment joined in the 
pursuit of Gen. Pegram, following the rebels as far as Buck Creek, making a long and 
rapid march, partly over a rough, mountainous road. April 2. it returned to Stanford. 
On the 7th, it was ordei-ed to Lebanon, and thence proceeded by railroad to Nashville, ar- 
riving at Nashville April 14. It was stationed at Nashville, doing duty as provost guard, 
June 14. 

The list of deaths from fatigue and hardships of war, during the year, was eighty - 
nine. There were thirty-live made prisoners. From November, 1863, to June 11, 1864, 
the regiment acted as provost guard at Nashville. From July to September, it served with 
distinction in Alabama. At Decatur, on September 24, a detachment of 231 officers and 
men encountered 4,000 rebels under Forrest, and, for hve hours, gave battle. The de- 
tachment was annihilated. In October, the regiment played a most important part in the 
defense of Decatur. It remained in Alabama until June 20. when it left for Tennessee, 
where it was mustered out, at Nashville. June 26. It received its discharge at Jackson 
July 4, 1865. 

NINETEENTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

The Nineteenth Infantry was organized under Col. H. C. Gilbert. atDowagiac. August, 
1862; left for the front September 14, and. entering on active service with the Army of 
the Ohio, took a prominent part in twelve well-contested fields fi-om Thompson's Station, 
March 5, 1863, to Bentonville, March 19. 1865. The command was musteredj out at 
Washington June 10, aud disbanded at Jackson June 13, 1865. 



lUl 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUXTY. 



TWENTIETH MICHIGAN INEANTRY. 

Israel J. Barry, discharged May 30. 1865. was the only soldier from Macomb re- 
ported in this command. 

TWENTY-FIEST MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized at Ionia, under Commandant J. B. Walsh, in July, 18*).3; 
niiustered in September 4. and left for the seat of war, under Col. Stephens, September 
12. Its service began at Perryville. Ky.. October 8, 1862, and finished at Bentonville, 
March 19, 1865. The command returned and was disbanded at Detroit June 27. 1865. 

TWENTY-SECOND MICHIGAN IfJEANTRY. 

The story of this command was graj)hically related by Capt. Edgar AVeeks, now a lawyer 
of Moxmt Clemens, in his oration, delivered August 31. 1871, before the members of the old 
command, then assembled at Port Huron. From his sketch of the regiment the following is 
taken ; '' I shall never forget that the 30th of July, 1862, brought me my commission as Adju- 
tant of the Twenty-second Michigan Infantry, together with an order from the Command- 
ant of the rendezvous (the lamented Col. Wisner) to report at once for duty, at Pontiac. 
That, the evening of the same day found me. a stranger in that city, receiving orders from 
my superior officer, and siuTounding myself with the cares of my new position. 

The organization of the regiment commenced about that day, and, under the super- 
vision of Col. Wisner, was rapid and successful, and who of us will ever recall with any 
but pleasant emotions, those glorious days from the 1st of August to ths 4th of September, 
1862, which we spent upon the fair grounds in Pontiac, teaching ourselves what we could 
of military discipline and preparing for the unknown duties of the future. Who among 
us will cease to remember the crowds of friends who daily came to visit us, bringing with 
them such overwhelming kindnesses, and departed followed by such boundless thanks 
from us. Almost every new-comer who joined our ranks was welcomed then as we can 
fancy the armies recruiting for the conquest of Palestine were wont to welcome each high- 
born and valiant knight who joined the swelling host from the wide ends of Christendom. 
The scene and occasion with us was not wanting in some of the elements of that romantic 
day, for those were loyal ladies at Pontiac. who. upon the eve of our departure, gave to 
the Twenty-second that splendid banner which was to lead the regiment to victory and 
fame. That glorious flag, which proved, indeed, a ' harbinger of victory,' and whose 
folds on many sanguinary fields became ' The sign of hope and triumph high. ' 

It was on the 4th day of September, 1862, that we bid adieu to Pontiac and our old 
camp ground. The incidents of that day will long preserve a" place in our memory, for it 
was a day of sad partings from friends and from homes. A thousand tender things oc- 
curred which we shared in feeling with each other; a thousand hearts throbbed with emo- 
tion at separations, which, alas, were final for so many. But with farewells to those dear 
relations and associations, the men of the gallant Twenty-second embarked for the perils 
and chances of a long campaign and the days that opened then were days which possessed 
a charm which separate them from all the others we had ever known: days in which we 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



enjoyed the romance, as well as realized the realities of wars dangers and war's sometimes 
harmless alarms. At the date of which we now speak, the war had been waged with various suc- 
cesses for seventeen months, and the rebels, flushed with recent victories at Richmond and 
Lexington, Ky., had marched across that State and were laying siege to Cincinnati and Cov- 
ington. Their tlag Haunted in the breezes of the Ohio, and was almost mirrored in its 
bosom. The whole Northwest was tilled with alarm at the prospect of an invasion of the 
Free States, and all the available forces of the country were being hm'ried to the scene of 
apprehended danger. On the southern bank of the Ohio were gathered the loyal sons of 
the Northwest to the defense of their "Queen City '—men from Indiana, Michigan, Illi- 
nois and the ' Squirrel Hunters " of Ohio, as well as her artisans and the business men of 
her cities. The Twenty-second was on the way to join them. 

My comrades will not soon forget the grand ovation that welcomed us to Detroit. 
The martial jiride of our men was gratified by a parade through the streets of that city, 
and on those streets were throngs of people, who everywhere cheered and greeted us with 
kind enthusiasm. Our embarkation that night on the steamer ' Morning Star,' for the 
trip across Lake Erie, was the last act performed in the presence of our friends, and we 
were soon receding from the last link that bound us to them and to home. The gleaming 
lights of the city were soon fading away over the dark waters of the river, beyond whose 
"widening tide' stood mothers and sisters and friends, to whose hearts — like perhaps to 
ours — was rushing a new and quickening sense of the separation, and who were wafting 
adieus to us in the same breath that uttered a mother's, a sister's or a father's prayer. 

I pass hm-riedly over the unimportant incidents of our arrival at Cleveland on that 
beautiful September morning, after the quiet trip across the lake; the dusty ride by rail 
to Cincinnati, the midnight arrival there, and the banquet spread for our reception at the 
market-house. The same night of our arrival at Cincinnati saw us across the broad Ohio, 
to Covington, and, under the light of a brilliant moon, which beautified the scene beyond 
my ])ower to describe, we marched into Covington and found ourselves upon the ' dark 
and bloody ground of Kentucky." Albeit the ground was anything but dark and bloody, 
and our slumbers that night were conducted upon the stone pavements of an inhospitable 
city. Prompt to the necessities of that stirring and dangerous time, the very next morn- 
ing, breakfastless, haggard and weary indeed, our place having been assigned to us in the 
long line defending C )vington, we marched out to our position and became a part of that 
irregular, ill-organized army which saved Ohio from invasion, Cincinnati from phmder and 
destruction and the whole North from panic and disgrace. The incidents of that remark- 
able time are yet fresh in our recollection. It was a time wherein the country witnessed, 
perhaps, the grandest effort of patriotism which the war evolved. Martial law prevailed 
in Cincinnati, and we saw the business of that great city suspended and its vast ware- 
houses and palatial mercantile establishments closed and deserted, that its leading citi- 
zens, its wealthy merchants might march to the rifle-pits with mattock and spade to build 
intrenchments, while the actual soldier and the squirrel hunter watched gi'imly for that 
hostile advance which seemed each hour ready to be precipitated upon om" lines. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Through the intolerable heat and dust of those days, we saw gradually arise those 
frowning earthworks which stayed invasion, and from behind which we kept at bay an ex- 
ultant enemy, out of which at last we marched and hurled the invader back to the Cum- 
berland Mountains. The limits of the hour forbid my enlarging upon the story of our labors 
and adventures on that line, but I will not pass unnoticed the famous battle of the 
'Cabbage Patch," a faithful and minute description of which, under hands accustomed 
to such tasks, might be made to rival, if it did not pale the day of Hohenlinden or Water- 
loo. Neither must I omit to mention, as we pass along, the day"s excitement in om- camp 
engendered by the reported capture of Company A, while out on a scout under he leader 
ship of its redoubtable commanding officer. Prolonging its stay beyond the time limited 
by orders for the march, a rumor spread that the com[)any had been siu-rounded by a large 
body of the enemy and compelled to siuTender. Of course, the greatest regret ruled the 
bosoms of all of us at this unfortunate affair, until Col. Wisner. on hearing the report, allayed 
all our anxieties liy that well-remembered remark: ' No fear, gentlemen; Capt. Hatten cannot 
be sun'ounded by any body of rebels out of which he will not talk himself with the great- 
est ease and in the shortest possible time. " 

And sure enough Company A did ajjpear in time and marched gallantly back to 
quarters, without the loss of a man. 

Days of heat and dust on those dry, sandy hills; of marching and counter-marchiug; 
of short rations and anxiety, followed until the grand march through the heart of Kentucky 
to 'Snow's Pond,' that delightful 'Siloam' upon whose mai'gin we halted for a few 
days to slake oui- thirst, and the waters of which we shall all remember to our dying day, 
and finally, the arrival at Lexington. How many sad and how many cheerful memories com- 
mingle in oui- minds at the mention of Lexington. It was here we arrived, the ■2'2d 
of October, 180'2, and here we remained until the '22d of March, 1863. Our delightful 
camp, with its fondly remembered name, 'Camp Ella Bishop,' where that close friend- 
ship of oiu's was formed with the stiu-dy One Hundred and Twelfth Illinois, command- 
ed by that Chevalier Bayard, Col. Thomas J. Hender.son, and the versatile Eighteenth 
Michigan, commanded by the Chi'istian soldier, Charles C. Doolittle. The last-named 
regimert, our subsequent companions, and always close but jealous friends in marches and 
campaigns, that lasted just a year and a day. 

Our first sad bereavement met us here, at Lexington. On the 5th of January, 1863, 
after a brief illness, death struck from our muster rolls the gallant, self-sacrificing and 
noble-hearted Moses Wisner, our leader and our fi'iend. What feeble words of om-s can 
do his memory justice to day. A man of iron will, yet fjender as a child; of sturdy and 
ripe intellect, of undoubted patriotism and unmatched abilities, he led his command to the 
front of the war with as pure a devotion to the cause of his imperiled country as animated 
the heart of any patriot who ever died in the cause of liberty. His ungraceful form at 
the head of his command always recalled the mental picture of Oliver Cromwell, leading 
his 'Ironsides' regiment to victory. Like Hampden and Cromwell of an earlier time; 
like Lincoln and Hamilton of Revolutionary fame; like Alfi-ed H. Terrv and other notable 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



examples in om- own gi-eat war. Moses Wisner, bred in the arts of peace and perfect in 
the walk of a statesman, had, at the outset, but crude notions of the military art, but, when 
his country needed him on the field of war, he was there with a cool head, a stout heart 
and a will to do all that presented itself to be done. He died, at his post of duty, sin- 
cerely lamented by every one in his command, who appreciated the man and his motives, 
and the pageant of his funeral day attested the sincere respect of all the troops on duty at 
the post. Not less lamented by his circle of personal acquaintances, we lost there, too, a less 
conspicuous, but not less noble, officer, Lieut. John Sackett, of Company C, who died 
after a long sickness, regretted by those who knew him best. It was at Lexington that 
the men in the ranks of the Twenty-second displayed the most unconquerable fortitude in 
confronting the ' silent terrors ' of the hospital and the sickness incident to a winter of 
exposure with insufficient shelter from rains and cold. We sadly remember how many 
brave men yielded up their lives there, victims of disease. No less heroes in dying thus 
than those who fall amidst the roar of battle pierced by the bullet of an enemy. The sad 
and silent procession was startlingly frequent during this winter, and we paid the last sad 
rites to many a comrade whose memory is cherished by every one of us who survive to 
gather here to-day. 

"While lying here at Lexington, the spring of 18R3 opened gloomily for the Union 
cause in Kentucky. A mounted force of rebels, under Gen. Pegram, emerged from East 
Tennessee, crossed the Cumberland Mountains and River, and gave themselves up to the 
plunder of Southern Kentucky. Ingenious devices were resorted to by this foxy com- 
mander to exaggerate his armament and numbers in the minds of the helpless people, and 
the greatest alarm sjwead over that State. We all remember the confusion that seemed 
tc exist on our own side, and the marching and counter-marching, the movements hither 
and thither which ensued. At last a plan of a campaign seemed determined, and we 
marched away from Lexington on the 2'2d of March, 1S()3, and traveled that wild road to- 
ward Cmnberland Gap, through Crab Orchard, and then back to Danville. It was at 
Danville we were flanked by a clever enemy and had the lively skirmish in which Jen- 
nings, of Company B, and Hodgson, of Company A, were wounded. It wa« at this skir- 
mish at Danville that oiu- ' Contrabands " preferred to 'scent the battle from afar off,' 
and so incontinently fled the scene. It was during this bloody fray that the charger was 
shot beneath the Captain of Company A, and following these movements that we crossed 
the Dix River and the Kentucky River on that most singular retreat, which subsequent 
history demonstrated to have been the result of weakness in the General who commanded 
us in the camjsaign. But we marched with a cheerful tread to the front of the war and 
on the wild mountains, amidst the snow and sleet of winter's parting compliments, so 
nearly took part in the final overthrow of that host of rebel rough riders. 

The exigencies of the service soon called us from these stirring scenes, and, under 
orders to repair to Tennessee, we passed through and across Southern Kentucky, visiting 
Lancaster, Stamford, Danville. Camp Dick Robinson, we headed for the South. . Brigaded 
with the Eighteenth Michigan, we marched them a race for Lebanon. And it was amidst 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



adventures like these that we reached, at last, the city of Lebanon, where we waged war 
for a day with high officials on the "'nigger" question, and where Kentucky chivalry 
failed to drive us from the position we had taken on that subject. 

In course of time, we reached Nashville (early in April), and there we remained 
doing gai'rison duty until the following September. I might repeat here the remark 
which we made of Lexington. ' How many sad, how many cheerful recollections start up 
at the mention of Nashville. It was here we lost Capt. Carleton, of Company E, whose 
sudden and tragic death cast a gloom over the whole command, while here Capt. Beards- 
lee, of Company D, died, not to name the many brave men who fell victims to the diseases 
of camj) in the hospitals of that city. The story we might tell of each humble soldier's 
death, would but be the same recital of devotion and patience and heroic submission. 

The summer we spent at Nashville is not remembered by any startling military ad- 
ventiu'e in which we took part, but its recollection is not embittered by a consciousness of 
any duty not well performed by the regiment, nor by any act of vandalism or want of 
military discipline. 

It was tlirough the summer of 1863, that the crisis of the war was reached and passed. 
The glorious but valueless victories which had been gained heretofore, had but served to 
develop the strength and perversity of the South, but, with the ' Battle Summer ' of 
1863, came the fall of Vicksbm-g and Port Hudson, the great victory of Gettysburg, and 
finally, in September, the movement from Mm-freesboro southward by the Army of the 
Cumberland, under the leadership of Gen. Rosecrans. Speedily was all the country con- 
quered that lay between Nasliville and Chattanooga, and that Ijand of veterans led by the 
master spirit of Stone River prepared to close in dubious struggle with the hosts of Bragg 
in front of Chattanooga. The Twenty-second received orders to repair to the front. 
Willingly relinquishing the light duties and pleasant quarters at Nashville, the regiment 
embarked for the field of active work, and, on the "iOth of September, took part in the 
memorable battle of Chickamauga, one of the most gigantic and momentous conflicts of 
the war. A battle in which the total losses on the Union side were upward of ■20,000 men, 
and in which the rebels admit they lost 18,00(^ men. of whom 16,000 were killed and 
wounded, a battle in which the rebels reaped a questioaable victory, for all its fi'uits were 
gathered on the battle-field; a battle where the victor won the actual field, but when van- 
quished, had seciu'ed the gi'eat strategic object of the campaign — Chattanooga — and was 
abundantly able to retain and defend it; and, with the prize of Chattanooga, we possessed 
all East Tennessee, the Switzerland of America. 

I shall not attempt to describe the part taken by the Twenty-second in that battle. 
It has been the just task of historians to hand down on the page of history the deeds of 
that great day, and for steady com'age and reckless heroism, our regiment was not out- 
done on all that bloody field. Yom- deeds that day, soldiers of the Twenty-second Michi- 
gan, made the name of Chickamauga resplendent with the glory of your arms. 

But oh! the price at which victory and fame had been piu'chased. After the battle, 
nothing remained of the Twenty-second Init a shattered fragment of its once glorious 



L 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



line. Where these noble men had gone was a tjuestion that needed not to be asked. 

Killed on the field of battle, many lay like Capt. Snell, of Company D — wonnded to the 

death; many more, like noble-hearted Smith, the leader of Company H, and others, 

wounded sorely and crippled for life like Sanborn, while the dark prisons and noisome 

pens closed around other brave hearts at Anderson vi lie and Libby. 

"We pause to pay a tribute to those brave comrades, whose lives paid the forfeit of 

their patriotism on the field of Chickamauga, and we would liken the task to that of the 

white-haired Covenanter, busied in removing the gathering moss from the gray stones 

which marked the resting-place of his fallen comi-ades of half a century gone. We would 

stand itncovered in the presence of their precious memories and renew with our chisel the 

defaced inscriptions and repair the emblems of death with which their monuments are 

adorned. 

■ Wh}- seek we wilh unwearied toil 

Through death'.s dim walks to urge our way, 
Reclaim his long asserted spoil 

And lead oblivion into day." 

It is because we owe it as a debt of justice to pay this honor to those who have de- 
voted their lives to their counti-y, and because we love to dwell upon the virtues and patriot- 
ism of these, our fallen comrades. Of them, how just to say : 

" Types of a race who shall the invader scorn, 

As rocks resist the billows round their shore; 
Types of a race who shall to time unborn, 

Their country leave unconquered as of yore." 

We turn from the contemplation of their deaths, our sadness assuaged by the thought 
that in the great hereafter much will be carried to the credit of men who have laid down 
their lives in defense of liberty and their fellow-man. 

The campaign against Atlanta which now followed, saw the Twenty-second in active 
and heroic service, till 'Sherman's march to the sea ' practically closed the war. The 
struggle lasted a few months after that great march, and the spring of 1865 saw the fall 
of the gi-eat strongholds of the enemy, the captm'e and dispersion of his armies and the 
inglorious and final collapse of the great rebellion. With the fall of Richmond and the 
captm'e of Lee's army, the war was over and we realized the words of the old song, ' For 
Johnny came marching home again.' At Detroit, on the 29th of June, 18(55, the regi- 
ment was mustered out of the service and disbanded. As a military organization, it 
ceased to exist. Its scarred and sacred colors were folded away among the proudest ban- 
ners of the State, where they yet remain, the silent but eloquent witnesses of patriot- 
ism, with the record emblazoned on their folds that tells the story of Chickamauga, of 
Rossville and Atlanta. 

SOLtilEBS' RECOBD. 

George L. Bacon, died at Lexington. Ky., December 4, 1862. 
Michael Woolven. died at Lexington, Ky., November 28, 1862. 
William H. Crandall, died at Lexington, Ky., December 12, 1862. 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Louis Pulcher. died at Lexington, Ky., December 24, 1862. 

William A. Senter, killed at Chattanooga October 14, 1868. 

Joseph Swork, killed at Chattanooga Octobei- 14, 1863. 

George H. Canfield, killed at Chickamauga September 20, 1863. 

Ellery S. Eggleston, died at Lexington Ky., January 9, 1863. 

William Ogden, died at Lexington, Ky. , March 3. 1863. 

Addison B. Rice, died at Lexington, Ky., March 10, 1863. 

George R. Adams, died at Lexington. Ky.. March 14, 1863. 

Robert K. Hulsarts, died at Lexington, Ky., April 23, 1863. 

Frank R. Smith, died at Nashville May 25, 1863. 

Watson Norton, died at Nashville June 20, 1863. 

Wilbiu- H. Fairchild, died at Lexington January 5, 1863. 

Paul Rattell, died at Lexington January 23, 1863. 

George S. Harris, died at Lexington January 16, 1863. 

John Hartz. died at Lexington March 4, 1863. 

C. W. Ballard, died at Lexington March 24, 1863. 

WilliHm H. Waldron, died at Nashville May 9, 1863. 

George N. Saddler, killed at Nashville February 7, 1864. 

Timothy German, killed September 24. 1863. 

James Meyers, killed at Chattanooga November 19, 1863. 

Charles W. H. Voss, killed at Chattanooga October 4, 1863. 

Fred Hintz, killed at Chattanooga October 29. 1863. 

Zara Parker, killed at Chattanooga September 20, 1863. 

George Thompson, killed at Chickamauga September 20, 1863. 

Henry Butzler, killed at Chickamauga September 20, 1863. 

Hugli Mcllvaine. died July 20, 1864. 

Lewis M. Yerkes, died at Nashville August 31, 1863. 

Milan M. Drake, died at Chattanooga April 21, 1864. 

George B. Drake, died on the cars August 21. 1864. 

A. B. Abernathy. died near Atlanta September 24, 1864. 

Charles Mosher, died at Bridgeport November 22. 1865. 

James H. Pool, died at Danville, Va., January 6, 1864. 

Josiah German, died at Danville, Va., January 3, 1864. 

Elisha Chamberlain, died at Danville, Va., Febi-uary 14, 1864. 

Clarkston Harvey, died at Danville, Va., January 18j 1864. 

Robert Sudden, died at Chattanooga April 28, 1864. 

Rnfus A. Snook, died at Chattanooga May 11, 1864. 

Charles Wrightman, died at Chattanooga June 16, 1864. 

Louis Alband, died at Chattanooga. 

Francis Dedire. died at Danville, Va., June 16, 1864. 

W. Shaper. died at Andersonville June 14. 1864. 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB C0U:NTY 



Calvin Metz, killed at Chickamauga September 20, 1863. 

Theo F. Van Vliet, died in rebel prison September 18, 1864. 

Thomas Moreland, died at Chattanooga September 17, 1864. 

Joseph C. Norton, died at Chattanooga May 28. 1865. 

David C. Barr, died at Chattanooga April 24, 1864. 

Ernest Ai'ndt, died at Chattanooga April 24, 1865. 

Edward E. Ewolt, died in Jackson, Mich. , March 4, 1864. 

Lviuim Gillett, died in Andersonville September 28, 1864. 

James G. Jackson, died in Andersonville July 29, 1864. 

Francis Robinson, died in Andersonville September 2, 1864. 

Charles W. Scribner, died in Indianapolis February 28, 1865. 

Fred Schimer, died in Andersonville August 30, 1864. 

William Fritscho. died in Andersonville September 15, 1864. 

Charles Biu'khart, died in Ajidersonville August 15, 1864. 

Theodore Fisher, died in Andersonville July 20, 1864. 

Francis Mueller, died in Andersonville September 1, 1864. 

Gotlob Schaufler, died in Andersonville June 20, 1864. 

George Walker, died in Andersonville September 5, 1864. 

Charles S. Jonas, died in Chattanooga April 1, 1865. 

James Strong. 

Discharged or Transferred — Herman Birch, Peter Rumph. Antoine Peltier, James H. 
Stanley, Nathan Soper, W. H. Williams, Alfred B. Adams, Joshua Deal, George W. Wid- 
rig, Benjamin Albund, Anthony Bodie, Henry Chapaton, William Grebe, William Rott- 
man, William Morrison, Charles Hartgan, Julius Mandell, Fred Stienback, C. More, John 
Hazely, Peter Monier, W. H. Harwood, B. Mack Miller, Lyman H. Tewsbury, Edward E. 
Ewalt. Leauder A. Cotton, William H. Sutphin, Oren Vanderwort, Lewis Kuhne, Augus- 
tus Mandell, Lorin G. Norton, William M. Smith, Maj. D. Gorton, David B. Leroy, 
Oliver Yax, Thomas P. Blasdell, Charles Lang, Charles Forton, Silas E. Halsey, Theodore 
Van Fliet, John A. Fisher, Nelson B. Miller, Norbert Generous, Mortimer Hunter, James 
Myers, Timothy German, Elisha P. Chamberlain, William Caldwell, Josiah German, Ly- 
man Gillett, Austin Gaines, Florence Hunter, Clarkson Harvey, James Jackson, Calvin 
Metty, James Pool, Francis Robinson, Zara Pai'k«r, Ernest Stiger, Dositee Chortier, Will- 
iam Fritche, Chai'les Bm-kheart, Henry Butzler, Francis Dictere, William Dubay, Theodore 
Fisher, Fred Hintz, Aug Necker, Gottlob Peter, Gottlob Shatter, Fred Schriner, Ckris- 
tian Spawn, Silas Teats, George Thompson, George Walker, William H, Voss, Fortescue 
Wail, John B. Waltz, Francis Miller, Henry M. Smith, Marcus L. King, J. D. Merchant, 
Edward Thompson, Hem-y Parish, John H. McLeod, Salmo Lesperance, James Moore, 
Patrick Spellman, L. J. Comf)ton, William Newben-y, George W. Guiles, Albert Weso- 
lowski, Roswell Petcher, George Hart, Socrates Addis, James R. Briggs, John W. Beat, 
Hugh Smith, Guy M. Young, William R. Lockwood, Peter Thire, Vivius S. Wood, Jona- 
than Widi-ig, Edward D. Bliss, George W. Griffith, Joseph C. Stark, R. L. Mott, D. S. 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Mott, Francis O. Crocker, John C. Reaves, John Walker, James McBride. Edwin L. 
Howe, Thomas F. King. Edwin Than-att, Royal A. Young, Antoine Ducklow. Louis Guy- 
ette, John Guyette. Moses Mai-tell. Joseph Peltier, Petre Peltier, Napoleon Papen, Lorenzo 
E. Sergeant, George W. Wixon, Martin Allor, Chai-les Hogle. I. Smith, Leander A. Cot- 
ton, Oren Vandei-wort, Ciilbert P. Noble, William F. Hollister, Daniel W. Lewis, Oliver 
Ruby, Joshua Conklin, Isaac M. Whitney, William S. Church, Stephen B. Wawen, Jesse 
Grover, Joseph Inman, James M. Widrig, John Norton. Windsor Norton, Andi-ew HaiTi- 
son, David B. Leroy, Henry Bates, Frank Betwice, John D. Chiu'ch, Levi M. Withey, 
Isaac Smith, John H. McCracken, William S. McCracken, Samuel M. Leggett, Reuben 
Mitchell, George Youngblood, George W. Widrig, William Sheperd, Edward Payne, 
Charles R. Clements, Augustus Finnest, William Rose, Vincent Layland. John Moore, 
Leander Rose, Cyrus HaiTis, C. F. Wattensperger, Jacob Schrambling, Alanson A. Aus- 
tin, William Smith, Byron Rosecrans, Reuben A. Howe. Ii'a P. Jersey. Robert Kii-k- 
ham, George Jersey, John Stone, John J. Snook, Stewart Gorton, Ellery C. Cannon, 
Louis Bonchai'd, Alexander Stevens, Heniy M. Smith, Clarence Dixon, Isaac T. 
Newton, William F. Drake, Isaac C. Cross, John Cp-us Cannon, Levi H. Can- 
non, John H. Delisle, N. AVasher Hartley, Alonzo Horey, George A. Wright, Crawford 
Austin, Ed. M. Andrus, Dwight R. Andrus, David B. Andi-ews, Alanson Beardsley, John 
Bird. Greorge G. Bui-d, Isaiah Briggs. John M. Bm-gett. Gurdon P. Baird, Thomas R. 
Crawford, Henry D. Coykendall. Hamion L. Cm-tiss, George H. Cannon, James S. Covell, 
George W. Davidson, George D. Frost, W. H. Fitzpatrick, James B. Fry, Orlan W. 
Green, William Hall, Sylvester P. Harvey, William H. Johnson. William L. Lee. George 
W. Lockwood, William Mclntyre. Hem-y O. Mon-ison, B. Mack Miller, Robert D. Owen, 
Frank Phillips, Roys S. Pearsol. Frederick A. Roth. Nathan Rowley, John Storey, R. C. 
Schreeves, Reuben T. St. John, Myron St. John, Erastus H. Lipperly, George W. Torrey, 
William J. Wellstead, Reuben Warrener, George Ai-nold, George Babcock, Amander 
Ruby. I. K. W. Windt, Orrin Green, Henry Huderbray. John Dusser, Adolph Eckhai-t, 
Emanuel Mandell, Andrew Ross. Norbert Generous, Nelson B. Mi lie)', Orlando Devereaux, 
Lyman H. Tewkesbusy, W. W. Collins. S. H. Ballai-d. Aug E. Bacon, Jerome Foote, My- 
ron Bates, Anthony Beach, Anable Beson. Samuel Beacham, Aden Card, William Cald- 
well. W. A. Fraligh, Eugene Geddings, John M. Gilbert, John Henry, George Butzler. 
William Dubay, Horace Miers. Ed M. Monroe, Geo.-ge E. Newberry, William H. Sutphin, 
John M. Thompson, Daniel Sutherland. Ira Kniffin. Elijah Howard. William H. MoitIs. 
Austin M. Rowley. Sanford A. Rowley, James E. Monroe. Joseph Inman. Ernst Steiger, 
Chari"ter Dositer. Louis Kuehne, James Walker. Ernest Alband, Philip Ballard, Thomas 
Ballard, Joseph Barnie. John Buetel, Charles Hintz, Joseph La Cirafl'. Louis Letourneau, 
Francis Letourneau. Aug Mandell. "V\'illiam Mar<iuardt. Augustus Necker, Peter Gotlob, 
Charles A. Rider, Silas R. Teats, Fortescue Wail, John B. Waltz, John Merritield, Dan- 
iel Tucker, John Strong, James Strong. Roselle Widrig. Burton H. Toueray, Lafayette 
Carter, Charles Purschel, Louis Brockway, George C. Whitney, John B. Thomas, John 
M. Dubay, '\\'illiam Petzold. Charles Marguardt. 
26 






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HISTORY OF ilACOMB COUNTY. 



TWENTY-THIRD MICHIGAN INIANTBV. 

The Twenty-third Michigan infantry was organized at Saginaw, under David H. 
Jerome, then commandant of camp, and left the rendezvous September 18, 1862, under Col. 
M. W. Chapin, for Kentucky, with a force of 983 officers and private soldiers. The com- 
mand was engaged on garrison duty until the summer of 1863, when it participated in the 
affair at Paris, Ky., July 29. Subsequently, it took a prominent part in twenty-three en- 
gagements, the last at Goldsboro, March 22, 1865, and, returning to the State, was mus- 
tered out at Detroit, July 20, 1865. The soldiers of the command from Macomb were: 

Frederick W. Miles, killed at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. 

William P. Martin, died at Nashville April 12. 1864. 

John Whitford, transferred to Twenty-eighth Infantry. 

Charles J. Wynne, transferred to Twenty eighth Infantry. 

TWENTY-FOURTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

This command was mustered into service at Detroit August 27, 1862. Among the 
troops were the following-named soldiers from Maaomb: John W. Hodgetts, Reuben W. 
Page, Silas Aurankerlin, Adolphus Nulett. James A. Armstrong and William Havens, dis- 
charged June 30. 1865. 

TWENTY-FIFTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

This command was organized at Kalamazoo, under Commandant H. G. Wells, l)y 
Col. Orlando H. Moore, and mustered into service September 22, 1862, with a force of 
896 officers and men. Its lirst battle was at Mumfordsville, Ky. , December 27, 1862, and 
its last at Nashville, Tenn., December 16, 1864. The command was mustered out at Sal- 
isbury after the surrender of the rebel Gen. Johnson, and, returning to the State, re- 
ceived its discharge at Jackson, July 2, 1865. 

TWENTY-SIXTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized at Jackson and mustered into service December 12, 1862. 
It left, en route for Washington, under Col. Judson S. Farrai", of Mount Clemens, Decem- 
ber 13, with a force of 903 officers and enlisted men. The regiment was engaged in doing 
provost duty at Alexandria, Va. , until April 20, 1863, when it entered on regular service, 
being present at Suffolk, from April 22 to May 14, 1863. The operations of the command 
were confined to Virginia, in which State it won laurels on no less than twenty-seven 
fields, concluding a term of brilliant service at Petersburg, April 3, 1865. The regiment 
was mustered out at Bailey's Cross Roads, June 4, and, returning, was paid off at Jackson 
June 16, 1865. The command was on service in New York City during the riots of 1863. 
Under its Colonel, it was subsequently a garrison regiment, at Staten Island, from July, 
1863, imtil October of the same year. 

TWENTY-SEVENTH MICHIGAN INFANTRY. 

This command was organized at Ypsilanti April 12, 1863. The nucleus of the 
Twenty-seventh was ordered from Port Huron to the former point, where it was consoli- 



r^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



dated with the Twenty-eighth, under the name of the Twenty-seventh Infantry. Eight 
companies of 108 men each were mustered in April 12, 1803, and ordered to report at 
Cincinnati, where organization was completed. This command was stationed at various 
posts in Kentui;ky. until the advance of the Ninth Corps, to which it was attached, into 
Mississippi. From the battle of Jamestown, Ky., June 2, 1863, to that near Kjioxviller 
Tenn., January 23, 1864, its service was confined to Tennessee and Kentucky, with the 
exception of the term passed before Vicksbiu-g, Miss., June 22 to July 4, 1863. It entered 
the Virginia campaign at the Wilderness, May 5, 1S64, and closed its service in that State 
before Petersbiu'g, April 3, 1865. The regiment received discharge at Detroit. June 30, 
1865. 

Robert Telfort, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps ^lay 1, 1864, and Richard Day, 
discharged July 26, 1865, were the only volunteers from ilacomb in the Twenty-seventh. 

TWENTV-EIGHTH MICHIG.\N INF.\NTRV. 

This regiment resulted fi-om the consolidation of the Twenty eighth rendezvoused at 
Marshall, under Commandant S. S. Lacey, and the Twenty-ninth, rendezvoused at Kala- 
mazoo, Commandant W. B. Williams. This organization of ten full companies left Kala 
mazoo, under Col. Delos Phillips, October 26, 1864, and arrived at Camp Nelson, Ky., 
November 10. 1864. Its regular service began at Nashville. Tenn.. December 12, 1864, 
and closed at Wise's Forks, N. C March 10, 1865. The command was mustered out 
June 5, 1866, and. retm-ning. received its discharge at Detroit. June 8. 1866. 

TWENTY-NINTH MICHIG.\N INF.\NTRY. 

This command was designated as the Thirty -first Michigan Infantry in the military 
orders of 1864. The name Twenty-ninth was. however, given to it, and its organization 
completed under Commandant John F. Driggs, at Saginaw, October 3. 1S64. which city 
it left October 6. en route to Nashville. Tenn., under Col Thomas Saylor. The command 
was mustered out at Detroit September 12, 1865. 



Joshua Conklin. Jesse Grover. Peter Tliise, I. C. Stark, W. E. R. Lockwood, James 
Pincomb. Frank Beetwee, John C. Reenies and Antoine Ducle were discharged Septem- 
ber 6, 1865, together with the volunteers from Macomb hithei-t.<i transferred to this com- 
mand. 

THIRTIETH MICHIG.4N INFANT'rY. 

This regiment was raised under authority from the War Department, for si)ecial sei-vice 
on the Michigan frontier, its term of service being for one year; and by orders from this 
department, dated November 7, 1864, its recruitment commenced, under Col. G.S. Wai-ner, 
at Jackson. The organization was completed at Detroit January 9, 1865, and the com- 
mand entered on service. The headijuarters were at Jackson first, then removed to Detroit, 
and ultimately established at Fort Gratiot, where Companies A and B were stationed; 



Lliu 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COL'NTY. 



Company D was stationed at St. Clair; E, at Wyandotte; K, at Jackson; H, at Fenton; 
G. at Detroit, and C, F and I at Detroit Barracks. The regiment performed its duty well 
and was mustered out of service June 30, 1865. Of the 1,001 officers and private soldiers 
belongiui^ to the command, eighteen died of disease during the term of service. 

soldiers' record. ;^ 

George H. Dickenson, died at Fort Gratiot June 12, 18B5. 

Discharged — Samuel Barton, Dan Newkesberg, Henry Hagei-man, Wintield S. Hath- 
away, Peter Jackson, Nathaniel Barringer, I. A. Andrews, Nathan Aldrich, Alonzo A. 
Aldi'ich, Thomas Baird. Abel Brown, Vorces Bump, Charles O. Burton. Dan H. Cm'tiss, 
Amos L. Cole, William L. Cole. James J. Cm-tiss, William E. Corby, Ed Cutcher, Porter 
Conyer, Edward Elmer, Miles Flower, Justus O. Grout, Scott Hathaway, Charles Hen- 
derson, Ira Henderson, Alex Henderson, Josepha Ingraham, Daniel Lewis, Uriah E. 
Lemon, George Maybee, Joseph Marshall, Martin M. Mm-ray. Albert S. Pierson, New- 
berry Reynolds, Dan Rexford, William Smith, Sidney H. Sumner, Hem-y C. Stone, John 
Van Horn, William H. Welden, Eli Summertield Henry Stevens, Horace J. Whitney, 
Fi-ank Allen, Dexter A. Adams, Charles M. Callow, William H. Croker, John J. Clure, 
Charles Disbrow, Joseph Furton, Ezra Gardner, Edwin Gillespie, William H. Landin, 
Sam L. Miller, William A. Miller, John Milliard, Daniel McQuillan, Eugene O'Neil. 
Chauncey J. Payne, James White, William Yax. 

FIKST MICHIGAN COLORED INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in the fall and winter of 1863, under Col. Hemy Barns, 
and mustered into service February 17, 1864. The command left Detroit March 28, 
1864, under Lieut. Col. Bennett, and reported at Annapolis early in April, where it re- 
mained until ordered to Hilton Head, S. C. April 19, 1864. Its first engagement was at 
Baldwin, Fla,, August S, 1864, and its last Held day at Singleton's Plantation, S. C, 
April 19, 1865. The command was discharged at Detroit October 17, 1865. 

SOI.DIPR.ii' iircoRO. 

Discharged, September 30, 1865: Edwin Lawson, John E.Taylor, Andrew J. Rawles. 
Eli Crockett, Henry Banks, Jerry Phtenix, William Pines, Henry Crump, William Mann, 
Henry Daily, Peter H. Ebo, Daniel Egbert, King Grampione, George Hall, Lewis Fish- 
er, Robert Valentine. Crawford Byrd. Richard AValker, W. H. Ferguson. 

FIRST MICHIGAN ENGINEERS AND MECHANICS. 

This command was organized at Marshall, under Col. W. P. Innes, and left for the 
front December 17, 1861. A detachment of this regiment was the tirst to enter Bowling 
Green. October 31, 1864, its term of service expired, but the re-enlisted veterans, re- 
cruits and officers enabled it to continue in the service. The record of the military aifairs 
in which it was engaged begins with Mill Springs, Ky., January 19, 1862, and concludes 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



with Bentonville, N. C. March 19, 1865. The command was mustered out at Nashville, 
Tenn.. September 22, and disbanded at Jackson October 1, 1865. 

SOLOIKRS' ItFCOBI". 

Discharged — Hiram M. Rhodes, Oscar C Rhodes, William H. Fullerton, Orson Slo- 
ciimb, Alfred D. Rice, John Dulack, Miles AV. Davis, Augustus R. Rowe, Cornelius Spain. 

FIRST MIOHIOAN CAVALRY. 

The First Michigan Cavalry was organized in August, 1861, under Col. T. F. Broad- 
head, and left Detroit for Washington with a force of 1,144 oiScers and private troops, 
September 29. It participated in all the actions along the Upper Potomac, Shenandoah 
and east of the Blue Ridge Mountains before the close of the year, with the result of 
losing thirty men killed, fifty-eight wounded, sixty who died of disease and 170 who were 
made prisoners. During the early part of the year 1863, the regiment was engaged on 
guard duty in front of Washington on a line extending fi'om Edward's Ferry to the mouth 
of the Ope((uon River. The duty was the most arduous and difficult the regiment had to 
perform, requiring incessant watchfulness and vigilance; but while twocavalrv regiments 
fi'om^other States, who were sharing in the service, lost each about 200 men, the loss of 
the^First was only thirty. During the rebel Gen. Stuai't's raid in February, a detachment 
of fifty-six men of this command was sent forth to watch his movements; near Opeqoun. 
the enemy came within range of this detachment and was driven back in confusion. On 
June 27, the regiment took up its line of march northward in the Gettysburg campaign, 
and engaged in fifteen battles and skirmishes in as many days. It met Hampton's Legion, 
July 3, and defeated it in six minutes, losing eighty men and eleven officers of the 300 
who went into the fight. The succeeding day, it defeated two regiments of rebel cavalry 
at Fairfield Gap; at Falling Waters, it captm-ed 500 rebels and two stands of colors be- 
longing to the Fortieth and Forty-seventh Virginia Infantry. The number of men car- 
ried away by disease diu'ing the year was twenty-nine. 

The operations of the command during 1864, from the expiratiun of its fm-lough at 
Detroit, February 7, was of varied brilliancy. It made the crossing of the Rapidan May 
4, 1864, and served in all the battles of the Army of the Potomac diu-ing the summer of 
that year. In August, it moved into Virginia, and was attached to the Army of the Mid 
die Division, iinder Gen. Philip H. Sheridan. The command marched 1,645 miles dm-ing 
the year; lost eighty-two men in battle, had 102 wounded and thirty-three who died of 
disease. Dm-ing the winter of 1864-65, the regiment participated in the following en- 
gagements: Mount Crawford, Va., October 2, 1864: Woodstock, October 9; Cedar Creek, 
October 19; Madison Court House, December 24, 1864; Louisa Com-t House, March 8, 
186o;'Five Forks. Mai'ch 30 to April 1: South Side Railroad, April 2; Duck Pond Mills, 
April 4; Ridge'sjor Sailor's Creek, April 6; Appomattox Court House, April 8 and 9, and 
Willow Springs. D. T., August 12, 1865. 

The command re-enlisted at Fort Bridger, November, 1865, and consolidated with 



"fv 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the Sixth and Seventh Cavahy Kegiments, formiiiLr the First Veteran Cavahy. There, 
also, it was mustereil out AEareh 10, 1806. 

SOI.DIEBS' UECOBl). 

Darius Dibble, killed at Cedar Mountain August 9, 18(52. 

Joel Frost, killed at Cedar Mountain August 9, 1862. 

Otis J. Ackerman, died in Woodstock, 1862. 

Jeremiah S. Abbott, died October 7. 1861. 

Elisha P. Biitteriield. died November 21, 1861. 

Daniel Young, died May. 18()2. 

Alexander Buttertield, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps November 12, 1862. 
"" Henry L. Young, transferred to Veteran Reserve Cor[)s C)ctober 28, 1862. 

Elijah L. Bates, discharged January, 1862. 

"William B. Sweet, discharged July, 1862. 

Erin Cleveland, discharged December, 18()2. 

Benjamin Buttertield, missing at Gettysburg July 4, 1863. 

Alonzo Smith, missing at Rob River September 23, 1863. 

Benjamin Buttertield. regained, and discharged July 5, 1863. 

John Chapaton. discharged: no date. 

Francis Bush, discharged January 3. 

David L. Curtiss, discharged January 7, 1863. 

Thomas Weightman, James B. Lyon, Edward E. Clark, Jacob H. Hosmer, Jesse G. 
Hosmer, William H. Phelps. Alphonso Chilson. George Hopkins, were transferred to 
Veteran Reserve Corps December 21, 1863. 

Charles Bobbins, fell at Todd's Corners May <), 18(U. 

Alphonso L. Chilson. fell at Yellow Tavern May 11, 1864. 

James B. Lyon, fell at Washington Jiine 4, 1864. 

W. H. Price, fell at Trevillian Station June 11, 1864. 

James Nesbitt, fell at Trevillian Station June 12, 1864. 

Charles Robinson, died at Washington March 23, 1864. 

N. H. Barnes, died in Florence Prison, S. C. , 1864. 

J. O. Hicks, died March 22, 1864. 

Lyman F. Washer, died at Frederick, Md., August 26, 1864. 

Dwight Coykendall, missing at Trevillian June 12, 1864. 

William H. Linton, missing at Trevillian -June 12, 1864. 

Lemuel Skellinger, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps February If), 1864. 

Charles Mandell, discharged July 14, 1864. 

John M. Doubay, discliarged October 8, 1864. 

Jed Predmore, James McPall, George E. Bui-ke. Hubbard Smith. David C. Smith, 
James Alger, Reuben BiU'gess, discliarged August 22, 1864. 

Daniel B. Moses, killed at Dinwiddie March 13, 1865. 



■|V" 



,> 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



Oliver H. Palmer, died at Camp Butler December 2, 1863. 

John J. Bittmau, died at Andersonville October 24, 1864. 

Peter Fiirtou, died at Fort Halleck September 13, 1865. 

Jay Gai-viu, missing at Trevillian June 11, 1864. 

Kicbard Solan, missing at Trevillian June 11, 1864. 

A. Thomas, missing at Trevillian June 11, 1864. 

August H. Miller, missing at Gettysburg July 3, 1863. 

George M. Clark, missing at Trevillian June li, 1864. 

Lawrence Doan, missing at Trevillian -June 1 1, 1864. 

Fred Schramm, transferred to Illinois Cavalry, 1865. 

Discharged — Richard Cramer, Nathan B. Cleromer, Erastus E. Barrett, Feb Lapparl, 
Volney Peters. Calvin Sylvester, David Tucker, John Bobzine, Nathan Gilbert, Wilbert 
Brown, William A. Bai'rett, James Cui'l, Edward E. Clark, Elon C. Coles, John De Witt, 
Elijah Farrar, Isaac Labanty, James Lynch, John McCafTerty, Thomas Wartman, Jacob 
H. Hosmer, Lemuel L. Harner, A\'illiam R. Spencer, Theo S. Biu'ke, Fred Beemer, Hemy 
J. Clark, William Robinson, Edward Odione, Edwin D. Traver, George Woolven, Edward 
Hasen, John M. Doubay, James BrowTi, Edward Harris, James Noonan, Ernest Stein, 
John H. Wilkinson. Augustus Fennell, Michael Halman, Charles Hustgam, Ignatius Lu- 
tenbacker, Robert Robinson, Isaac Williams, John O'Neil, John F. Seelys, George Bui'ke, 
Burton H. Chapman, David W. Collis, Benjamin Ayer, Hem-y Bolensen, Latham Beach, 
Lyman C. Jalpin, Joseph Hartle, Robert Lee, Elias Robertson, Alonzo C. Wait, Alex 
Bevins. David Grant, Gelbert Preston, George B. Sanford. 

SECOND MICHIGAN CAVALRY. 

The Second Michigan Cavalry was organized under Col. F. W. Kellogg, at Grand 
Rapids, and left for St. Louis November 14, 1861, with a force of 1,163 officers and men. 
In December and January, it participated in the raid, under Gen. Carter, into East Ten- 
nessee, severing the rebel communications and destroying his stores. During this duty, 
which occupied twenty-two days, the command was engaged in several severe skirmishes. 
Dm-ing February and March, 1862, it was stationed at Murfreesboro and Franklin. On 
February, it was engaged on the 18th, near Milton; on the 19th, at Cainsville, and. on 
the 27th, near Spring Hill. On the 4th and 5th of March, it engaged the rebels on the 
Columbia pike road, in which affair it lost one killed, foiu- wounded and one prisoner. 
From the 8th to the 12th, it participated in movements which resulted in driving the rebel 
force across the Duck River. It encountered the rebels, under Stearns and Forrest, 
March 25, inflicting on them severe losses, and taking fifty-two prisoners, with commissary 
wagons, etc., etc. Again, between Franklin and Triune, June 4, it lost two killed and 
three wounded. On the 23d, it was engaged at Rover; the succeeding day, pm-sued the 
enemy thi-ough Middletown, and, on the 27th, charged the rebels into Shelby ville; July 2 
and 3, it assisted in di-iving the rebels out of the Elk River position and through Cowan. 
During the fall, it pai'ticipated in the Georgia military enterprises. 



■^ 



i. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



From Danbridge, December 24, 1863, to the Alabama battles, in October, 1865, it won 
many bonori5. During December. 1864, this regiment participated in the battles round 
Nashville, Pulaski, Richland Creek and Sugar Creek. In 1865, it was engaged at Price- 
ton Yard, Corinth, Tuscaloosa. Triune. Bridgeville and Talladega. After a magnificent 
sei'vice, the command reported at Jackson, and was discharged August 26, 1865. 

■SULIllEKs' lllii;(IHI>. 

John Clark, died at Farmington February 26, 1862. 

Oscar Smith, died at Rienzi August 4. 1862. 

Henry C. Rice, discharged March 10, 1862. 

Jacob Hieppell. discharged October 1, 1862. 

Charles Bittner, discharged October 31, 1862. 

John Johnson, killed on Sultana April 27. 1865. 

Robert -Johnson, died at St. Louis in December. 

George Bentley. drowned in West Harpeth River May 15, 1863. 

A. Lewis, died at Livingston. Mich.. 18t)3. 

Discharged — William Thomas. Hem-y Howard. Reuben Page, James Mason, Fred 
Hartmann, Benjamin C. Gamble. George St. Johns, Joshua Ferry. Henry Koth, Charles 
J. Stephens, William H. Scott. L'win W. Benson, Charles Clark, Hemy A. Clark, Jerome 

B. Harvey, Henry J. Holstein. Edgar Johnson. William G. Kingscott. James McCaffery, 
F. C. McCoy. Heni-y S. Schuster. George W. Tripp. George Wentworth. Washington 
Ames, J. M. H. Finch, Jerome McWithey. James McCaffery, Charles Clark, Benjamin 

C. Gamble, Jerome B. Harvey, Henry I. Holstein, Edgar Johnson. F. C. McCoy. Alvis 
Rasch, Charles Burns, Henry Sinister. William Thomas, Stephen Curran. Edward Wilkins. 

THIRD MICHIGAN CAVAiRY. 

This regiment was organized at Grand Rapids, and left for the front, under Col. J. 
K. Mizner, November 28, 1861, with 1,163 rank and tile. It entered upon full service at 
New Mach'id, Mai'ch 13, 1862, and concluded its th'st and brilliant series of work at Coffee- 
ville December 5, 1862. During the first twelve months its losses were seven killed, forty- 
five wounded. 104 died of disease and fifty-nine were made prisoners. In 1863. the com- 
mand was prominent in almost every well- foiight field in Northern Mississippi and Western 
Tennessee. In the affair at Grenada, the Third Cavalry was in the advance, and gained 
po.s.session of the town after a sharp engagement. It destroyed at that point over sixty 
locomotives and 400 freight and passenger curs. The command aided largely in driving 
the noted rebels Dawson. Richardson and Cushman from Western Tennessee, together 
with the numerous bands of guerrillas infesting that district. From November 1, 1862, 
to the close of the war, the Third Regiment captm-ed 1.100 privates and fifty officers and 
marched 10,800 miles. August 1, 1864. it was organized as a veteran regiment, and. during 
the succeeding twelve months, lost eleven men killed and 115 who died of disease. It 
formed Maj. Gen. Canby's escort at the surrender of Gen. Taylor, and was subsequently 
attached to Sheridan's army until mustered oiit, February 16, 1866. 



t) i^ 



^r 



1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



SOLDIRBS RECOBP. 

Aaron G. Park, died at Corinth Jnne 4, 1862. 

Philip E. Kelly, died at Corinth January '28, 1862. 

Discharged — William A. Sheldon, William H. Ormsbee, James H. Hoffman, Fred La 
Force, Paul Beach, Philip Ouillett. D. R. Orteal, Ormall Brown, Virgil Champagne, Wel- 
lington Postal. Ben Van Dam. 

FOURTH MICHIGAN CAV.\LRY. 

Thi.s regiment was organized at Detroit July 21, 1862, under Col. R. H. G. Minty, 
with 1,233 men and officers fully equipped. The command left for Louisville September 
26, 1862, and entered at once upon that brilliant service which may be said to end with 
its capture of Jeff Davis. It participated in eight general engagements and over a hun- 
dred skirmishes during the wai'. The command was mustered out at Nashville July 1, 
and discharged at Detroit July 10, 1865. 

S(JI.D1ERS' KECllRll. 

Discharged — Angus McDonald, William Hamilton, John RevTiolds, George Med- 
daugh. Sam St. John, Joseph Stead, Wakeman L. Grant, Leslie M. Miller, George Spen- 
cer, Albert Ra\Tnond, Denis Twohey, Fred Devenstien, Francis Elliott, Heniy C. Ken 
yon, Edward Lowman, Joseph Lee, John Nelson, Manuel Brazen. 

FIFTH MICHIGAN CAVALRY. 

This command was organized under Col. J. T. Copeland, in August, 1862, and left 
for Washington December, 4. A battery of light artillery was raised in connection with 
this command. Dm-ing the tirst months of its service, it was attached to the Army of the 
Potomac. Toward the close of 1864, it belonged to the Michigan Cavalry Brigade, then 
operating against Gen. Early, under Gen. Philip H. Sheridan. On November 12, 1864, 
it advanced to Newtown and engaged a brigade of rebel cavalry, which it drove tlu-ough 
that town, when the enemy being re-enforced, the regiment was forced back, losing one 
killed and three wounded; advancing again in the evening, it charged the enemy's breast- 
works, and, after a sharp tight, the regiment was repulsed, with a loss of two killed and 
foiu' wounded, when it returned to camp, where it was employed on the usual camp and 
picket duties, until February 27, 1865, when it broke camp and moved with the cavalry 
corps, toward Stanton, Va., being the commencement of Gen. Sheridan's celebrated raid 
to the James River. On the 8th of March, the regiment became engaged with a portion 
of Rosser's C!avalry, near Louisa Court House, assisted in routing the rebel force, and capt- 
lu'ing the town, in which was destroyed a large amo\int of property; the railroad depot, 
with rolling stock and telegi'aph office, were also destroyed. The regiment also piu'ticipated 
in tearing up the track and burning the railroad property along the line of the Lynchburg 
& Gordonsviile Railroad, and in destroying and rendering useless the locks, aqueducts and 
mills on the line of the James River Canal The command reached White House.Landing 
on the 19th of March, and soon after, with the cavalry corps, joined the Army of the Po- 
tomac and proceeded to the left of the line. On the 30tli of March, the regiment became 



^ 



'lA 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COINTT. 



engaged with the rebel cavalry, and assisted in driving them within their works at Fivi> 
Forks. The 31st of March and 1st of April, it was engaged with • the enemy at Five 
Forks, and, on the 2d, at the South Side Railroad; on the -Ith, at Duck Pond Mills; on 
the 6th, at the battle of the Ridges, or Sailor's Creek, and on the 8th and Uth, at Appo- 
mattox Court House. After the sun'ender of Lee, the regiment moved with tlie cavalry 
corps, to Petersburg. Va., where it remained for a short time and then went with the army 
into North Carolina; thence, it marched to Washington, D. C. , and participated in 
the review of the Army of the Potomac, on the 23d of May, and iuuuediately thereafter, 
with the Michigan Cavalry Brigade, was ordered West, and proceeded by the Balti- 
more & Ohio Railroad, and the Ohio and Mississippi Rivera, by steamer to St. Louis, and 
thence by steamer by the Missouri River, to Fort Leavenworth, where the men of the 
regiment, having two years or more to sei^ve, were transferred to the First and Seventh 
Michigan Cavalry, and, on the 22d of Jmie, the organization was mustered out of service, 
and immediately thereafter proceeded to Michigan. An-iving at Detroit July 1, it was 
paid off and disbanded. Its I'ecord of battles and skirmishes is as follows: 

1863 — Hanover, Va., June 30; Hunterstown, Penn., July 2; Gettysburg, Penn., 
July 3; Monterey, Md., July 4; Cavetown, Md., July 5; Smithtown, Md., July 6; Boons- 
boro, Md., July 6; Hagerstown, Md., July 6; Williamsport, Md.. July 6; Boousboro, 
Md., JulyS; Hagerstown, Md., July 10; Williamsport, Md., July 10; Falling Waters, 
Md., July 14; Snicker's Gap, Va., July lU; Kelly's Ford, Va., September 13; Culpep- 
er Com-t House, Va. , September 14; Raccoon Ford, Va. , September 16; White's Ford, 
Va., Septeml)er 21; Jack's Shop, Va., Sejatember 26; James City, Va., October 12; Brandy 
Station, Va.. October 13; Buckland's Mills, Va.. October 19; Stevensbiu-g. Va., Novem- 
ber 11»; Morton's Ford, Va. . November 26. 

1864 — Richmond, Va. , March 1; Wilderness, Va., May 6 and 7; Beaver Dam Station, 
Va., May 9; Yellow Tavern, Va., May 10 and 11; Meadow Bridge, Va., May 12; Milford, 
Va., May 27; Hawes' Shop. Va. . May 28; Baltimore Cross Roads, Va.. May 29; Cold 
Harbor, Va., May 30, June 1; Trevillian Station, Va., June 11 and 12; Cold Harbor. Va.. 
July 21; Winchester, Va. , August 11; Front Royal. Va.. August 16; Leetown, Va., Au- 
gust 25; Shepherdstown, Va.. August 25; Smithlield, Va., August 29; Berrj'ville, Va., 
September 3; Summit, Va. , September 4, Opequon, Va., September 19; AVinchester, Va. , 
September 19; Lm-ay, Va. , September 24; Port Republic, Va. , July 26, 27 and 28; Mount 
Crawford, Va. , October 2; Woodstock, Va. , October 9; Cedar Creek, Va. , October 19; 
Newton, Va. , November 12; Madison Court House, Va., December 24. 

1865 — Louisa Court House. Va. , March 18; Five Forks. Va,, March 30, 31 and April 
1; South Side Railroad, Va., April 2; Duck Pond Mills, Va., April 4; Ridges, or Sailor's 
CVeek. Va. , April 6; Appomattox Court House, Va. , April 8 and 9. 



Andrew T. Jackson, fell at Brandy Station October 12, 1863. 
George Hitchiler. fell at Gettysburg July 6, 1863. 



nr^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 419 



Philip H. Hill, fell at Gettysburg July 3, 1S68. 

Dwight Smith, died at Fairfax Court House February 27, 1863. 

Robert F. Sackett, died at Washington February 17, 1863. 

Heniy Bisliee, died at Marton's Ford November 27, 1863. 

John North, died at Marton's Ford March 28, 1863. 

Gan-ison North, died at Marton's Ford April 9, 1863. 

Dudley Whitlock, died at Marton's Ford April 15. 1863. 

Eben K. Wells, died at Marton's Ford May 4, 1863. 

Stephen North, died at Fairfax Court House May 23, 1863. 

Leonard Defenbeck, died at Fairfax Court House May 28, 1863. 

Ezra A. Wood, missing at Gettysburg July 3. 1863. 

Patrick Weldon. missing at Emmettsburg July 4, 1863. 

John Fulton, missing at Robinson's River September 17, 1863. 

Abel Haines, missing at Warrenton Junction August 8, 1863. 

Tompkins Abbey, discharged January 23, 1863. 

William Rogers, discharged November 14, 1863. 

Andrew Abbey, discharged December 3, 1862. 

Ephraim Roberts, fell at Middletown October It), 1864. 

Ezra A. Wood, died at Washington February 7, 1864. 

E. Van Berger, missing at Trevillian June 11, 1864. 

O. C Wood, missing at Trevillian June 11, 1864. 

John Dixon, missing at Trevillian June 11, 1864. 

L. Spencer, died in Libby Prison. 1864. 

B. F. Giles, died in Libby Prison. 1864. 

Roswell Burlsee, missing at Falmouth August 29, 18()4. 

Newton ^Vymon, missing May 1, 1864. 

Ezekiel Morris, missing May 1, 1864. 

Hiram Winas, missing May 1, 1864. 

William O. Martin, missing at Middletown August 15, 1864. 

John R. Butterlield, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps January 15, 1864. 

Judson A. Barber, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps March 15, 1864. 

William Femer. discharged July 6, 1864. 

Fred Eryell, discharged December 4, 1862 

Charles A. Gilbert, discharged February 13, 1863. 

Charles A. Ballard. August 25, 1864. 

Amos Finch, July 25, 1865. 

John A. Huif, died of wounds Janiiary 23, 1N65. 

William Blodgett, died at Baltimore December 3, 1865. 

William V. Stewart, died at Andersonville September 21, 1S65. 

Rosswell Bugbee, died at Andersonville December 12, 1863. 

Elijah Bates, died at Andersonville July 10, 1864. 



l\^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Horace CLapman, died at Andersonville May 24, 1864. 

William A. Denton, died at Andersonville May 23, 1864. 

Ii-a A Parks, died at Andersonville April 27, 1804. 

"William O. Martin, died at "Washington April 27, 1865. 

Discharged and transferred — James H. Sands, Austin Mattingly, Robert A. Hamilton. 
Frederick Beemer, Reuben W. Page. Theodore E. Biu-ke. Hem-y J. Clarke, JohnD. Fralegh. 
Milton Landgridge, Walter L. Cullen, John Cxager. AVilliam L. Guiles, Nathan Gilbert, John 
A. Bedell, Dighton Voorhies. Ephraim Vanburger, Isaac Crawford, James J. Boyd, Ashley A. 
Bi'own, George H. Buzzell, John Dixon, Isaac W. Jones, Walter Jones, Joseph Kimball, 
John Laughlin, William McCauley, John M. Overton, John F. Reid, Isaac Robinson, 
Theophilus Syan,[Oscarj C. Wood, Collotion AVatkins, Orrin Guiles, G. W. Chapman, 
Oscar Cook. William O'Connor, John L. Dillon, John Simpkins, Charles DowTuan. Hiram 
Winas, Abel Haines. George H. Wilson, Ezekiel Morse. Elias North, Norman Smith, Heze- 
kiah Smith, Sylvester A. Stone, Jeremiah Weatherwax, Lyman ^Villiams, Leonard W'oods. 

SIXTH MICHIGAN CAVALRY. 

The Sixth Michigan Cavalry was organized at Grand Rapids by F. \V. Kellogg, 
under Col. George Gray, and proceeded to Washington December 10, 1862. During the 
year 1863, this command gained distinction with the Army of the Potomac, losing thirty- 
six killed, seventy-live prisoners, sixty-five missing and forty-live who died of disease. 
In Februaiy, 1864, it advanced against the rebel Kilj^atilck, and served as Gen. Sheridan's 
escort in the ride after Mosby's Gurrillas. The Sixth served in the same actions as the 
Fifth, beginning at Hanover, Va., June 30, 1868, and closing at Appomattox Court House 
April 9, 1865. It was mustered out at Leavenworth, Kan., November 24, 1865, and dis- 
charged at Jackson, November 30, 1865. 

John Lemon, discharged July 7, 1865, is the only soldier fi-om Macomli reported in 
the ranks of the command. 

SE%T:NTH MICHIGAN CAVALRY. 

This regiment entered the field diuing the year 1863, two battalions leaving Grand 
Rapids for Washington February 20 and other companies joining in May. This regiment 
was in the field before either the Fifth or Sixth Cavalry, and remained in service for some 
time after the discharge of the latter regiments. The command was mustered out at Fort Leav- 
enworth, Kan., and anlved at -Jackson December 20, 1865, receiving its dischai-ge Decem- 
ber 25, 1865. The soldiers were compelled to pay $25 railroad fare home, but this money 
was allowed them subsequently. Of the Macomb solUers serving with the Seventh, the 
names of William Moore, discharged August 29. 1863, and William L. Guiles, discharged 
August 11, 1865, are the only ones appeai'ing in the reports. 

EIGHTH MICHIGAN CAVALRY. 

This regiment was organized at Mount Clemens, under Col. John Stockton, in 1862 
and 1863, and mustered into the service of the Union May 2, 1863, forming a command 



-e^'y 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



of 1,117 men and officers. The command left for the front in detachments, eight squad- 
rons being sent forward to Kentucky May 12, 1808, under Lieut. Gol. Warner. 

The officers furnished by Macomb County to this regiment were: Col. John Stockton, 
Lieut. Col Henxy C. Edgerly; Siu-geon, John B. K. Mignault; Charles G. Robertson, 
Hiram M. Suell, Edward Fisbpool, John S. Smith, Benjamin Treat, Adolphus C. Stock- 
ton, Arthm- Eastman, John AV. Bennett, Andrew J. Abbey, John M. Crawford, Almirou 
P. Armstrong, William C. Stockton, Charles C. Lamb, Aaron L. Abbey, all noticed in 
the section of this chapter devoted to officers commissioned from Macomb County. 

To do justice to this command would require a volume in itself; therefore, it will 
only be necessary here to note the several engagements in which''it took a very prominent 
part : 

1863 — Triplet Bridge, Ky., June 19; Lebanon, July 5; Lawi'enceburg, July 9; Sal- 
viea, Jvily 10; Biiffington's Island, Ohio, July 19; Winchester, Ky. , July 25; Salineville, 
Ohio, July 2(5; Lancaster, Ky. , July 30; Stanford, Ky. , July 31; Kiagston, Tenn., Sep- 
tember 1; Cleveland, Tenn, September 18; Calhoun, Tenn., September 26; Athens, Sep- 
tember 27: Loudon, September 29; Philadelphia, October 23; Sweet Water, October 26; 
Lenoir Station, November 12; Cambells, November 16; Knoxville, November 13; Rut- 
ledge, December 10; Ream's Station, December 14; New Market, December 25. 

1864 — Mossey Creek, Tenn., January 10; Dandridge, January 17; Fair Garden, 
January 24; Sevierville, January 27; Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., July 1; Sweet Water, 
July 3; Chattahoochie, July 4; Moore's Ridge, July 12; Covington, July 28; Macon, 
July 30; Sunshine Church, July 31; Eatonton, August 1: Mtilberry Creek, August 3; 
Heiu-yville, Tenn., November 23; Mount Pleasant, November 24; Duck River, Novem- 
ber 24; Nashville, December 14 to 22. 

The regiment lost during its term of service no less than 321 men and officers, of 
which number twenty-three private soldiers and one officer were killed in action; seven 
soldiers died of wounds received in action, and 288 private soldiers and two officers died 
from diseases caught and fostered in the field. 

The command was mustered out of service at Nashville, in September, 1865. and, on 
the 28th of that month, was discharged at Jackson. The 513 men transferred from the 
Eleventh Michigan Cavalry, July 20, 1865, were discharged with the members of the 
original Eighth. 

.SOLDIKBs' RECORD. 

Henry Harvey, died at Hickman Bridge September 24, 1863. 

Edson P. Flint, died at Hickman Bridge September 24, 1863. 

Luther H. Lyon, discharged April 1, 1863. 

Almon S. Carpenter, Austin Griffin, minors, discharged April 1, 1863. 

Solomon Cooley, discharged, 1863. 

Robert C. Grayson, discharged Murch 19, 1863. 

Benejah Maynard, discharged September 16, 1863. 

Charles G. Morse, discharged September 20, 1863. 



^ 



, •^1" — »- .. -^ — "y^t 

422 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

Daniel Lee. discharged May 17. 1863. 

George N. Watson, discharged May 6. 1863. 

William Myers, fell at Knoxville Jiine 26, 1864. 

Alonzo Maynard. fell at Knoxville Jime 20, 1864. 

Leon Matt, died at Camp Nelson October 7. 1863. 

Major E. Bartlett. died at Camp Nelson March 6, 1864. 

Fred De Camp, died at Mount Sterling March 20, 1864. 

Charles Latimer, was killed by accident at Westport. Ky., July 12. 1863. 

Timothy Clark, died in hospital Junuary 15, 1864. 

Simeon Parkea. died at Camp Nelson December, 1863. 

Reulwn Hamlin, died at Knoxville August 15, 1864. 

James Smith, died at Mount Sterling March 15, 1864. 

Truman Sperry. missing at Macon, Ga., August 3, 1864. 

Samuel Chapman, missing at Knoxville, Tenn., November 18, 1864. 

Egrew Albertsou, missing at Kaosville, Tenu., November 18,*1864. 

Alvin Fuller, George Kling. William Stroup, Forest Stock, Elliott Bacon, Edward 
Shanley, missing in raid on Macon August 3, 1864, 

Richard L. Ford, missing at Richmond November 25, 1863, 

Thomas Bleekman, missing at Richmond. 

James Stevenson, missing at Annajjolis April 2, 1864. 

Leander Sprague, missing at Richmond February 12, 1864. 

Jacob A. Hunt, missing at Cleveland, Tenn., September 18, 1863. 

Benjamin S. Worts, missing on Stoneman's raid August, 1864. 

Alvin D. Fuller, killed at Sunshine Church July 31, 1864. 

Frank M. Campbell, died at Knoxville March 3, 1864. 

AVilliam Stroup, died at Annapolis Mai-ch 11, 1865. 

Elliott Bacon, died at Camp Chase April 7, 1865. 
_ Agnew Alberton, died at Richmond January 10, 1864. 

Gardner Briggs, died at Richmond February 6, 1864. 

Forest Stock, died at Florence January 24, 1865. 

Lewis D. Whitney, died in rebel prison January 26, 1865. 

William Wilson, died at Mount Clemens, 1863. 

Byron Wilson, died January 20. 1864. 

Daniel C. Chase, died October 29. 1 864. 

Seth Chase, died October 2, 1864. 

James Watson, died 1864. 

Allen M. Frost, A. D. Stuset, Nelson Smith, Norris Lewis, Lorenzo Lutenbacker, Lo- 
renzo Schoonover, Lewis D. Whitney, Webster Dillrea, R. Waldron, Cory D. Stone. 
Hem-y Thede. George England, Henry Hardie, Nathan Lewis, John Day, Charles Fertz, 
died at Richmond November 12, 1864. 

Antoine Dubay, missing on raid to Macon. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Chai-les F. Ciuillott, died at Knoxville January 23. 1864. 

Marion Wade, died at Spring Place June 18, 1804. 

Judson W. Wright, died at Danbridge June 19, 1864. 

William Serl, Henry C. Green. John Johnson, Ethan E. Trim, missing on raid to 
Macon August 3, 1864. 

Discharged or transferred — -John A. Eldred. Loriu Frink, A.bner Porter, Henry Wil- 
son, Lorin Wade. F. C. Munroe, George H. Nutting. William H. Wells, Charles Van 
Atter, Chapman Bullis, Samuel Clark. William E. Dillrea, John Mok, Levi B. Robinson. 
Victor Willey, Moses Yax, Albert Fan-. Stephen B. Rice, Marion Kellogg. L. Bradford. 
Victor Miller, James S. Smith, Manual J. Peirera. Harmon Prieger, Isaac Newton Willson. 
Aaron Winchester, Henry Cook, Daniel Hazleton, John Carpenter, Isaac W. Willson, C. 
Harris, Levi Hoard, James H. Farrand. Hiram W. Cro./.er, James A. Ornisby, Eugene 
Debbault, Charles C. Hulsart, James Walker, Albert Adams, William Gamber, William C. 
Lyon, Charles A. Haywood. Henry Wilson, Alexander Snay, Ambrose West, Stephen 
Bellow, Antoine Dubay, Daniel P. Kitchen, Lawrence Lutenbacker, Joseph Shear, Albert 
Woolvin, Miles Wait, Rufus Waldron, Henry Thede, Jesse Gray, William May. Norris 
Lewis, Charles F. Guillott. Charles Fritz. Albert W. Crawford, Warren Cooley, Samviel 
Cooley, Webster G. Dillrea. Talbot L. Owen, Isaac Buttorfield. Abel H. Bla ir, Martin V. 
Loucks, David Lanfier, James Marshall. Albert Stout, William Cargill. Nelson Blay. Jo- 
seph Balloy, Robert Cochrane, Franklin Church. Samuel B. Camj)bell. John Day. Fran- 
cis Dubay. Sr.. Francis Dubay. Jr.. George W. England, Joseph Fuller, Ljnnan Goodall. 
Josiah Ct. Hicks, Isaac Hall, Anthony Kirkier. Frank I. Kellogg, George Kling, Henry 
W. Lathrop, Richard Le Graff, Benjamin Miller. Norman W. Nichols, John W. Prince, 
Norman B. Phelps, Lorenzo Schoonover, Charles R. AV'oodworth. Milo Warner. James V. 
Whitney, James L. Horton, Owen Button. J. Homer Fishpool, Aug A. Koths, William 
C. Brown, William Serl. Theo C Green, Hemy Green, Royal Brown. James Cochran, 
John Johnson. Samuel Needham, Myron H. Butterfield. James Huntley, Sylvester Widi-ig, 
James Walton, Jeremiah Whaling. 

NINTH MICHIGAN CAVALRY. 

The Ninth Michigan Cavalry was organized. 1862-63. at Coldwater. and, in May, 
1863. left the rendezvous* for Kentuckj'. leaving two companies to follow when their ranks 
would be filled. This regiment sei-ved in fifty-six well-fought battles and skirmishes, 
losing 181 officers and private soldiers dm-ing its campaign. Its regular service began at 
Triplett Bridge. Ky., June 24, 1863, and concluded at Morrisville. N. C, April 13, 1865. 
It was mustered out at Concord, July 21, 1865, and reported at Jackson for discharge 
July 3t), 1865. There is no record of Macomb vohinteers serving with this command. 

TENTH MICHIGAN CAVALRY. 

The Tenth Michigan Cavalry was organized at Grand Rapids, under Col. Thaddeus 
Foote, of the Sixth Cavalry, and mustered into service November 18. 1863. with 912 men 



fe* 



HISTORy OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



and officers. The regiment left for Kentucky December 1, 1863, and entered upon duty 
at Burnside Point January 25, 1864, subsequently taking a prominent part in fifty-fom- 
engagements with the enemy, and ending a term of splendid service at Newton, N. C, 
April 17, 1865. The command was discharged at Jackson, Mich., November 15, 1865. 
Gavin Hamilton, discharged November 11, 1865, and Tyler Mason, discharged on the 
same date, were the only soldiers from Macomb with this command. 

ELEVENTH MICHIG.A.N CAVALRY. 

The Eleventh Michigan Cavaliy, was organized under Col. S. B. Brown, in August, 
1863, at Kalamazoo, which place it left for Lexington, Ky., December 17, 1863. It was 
consolidated with the Eighth Michigan Cavalry July 20, 1865, and mustered out with that 
command at Nashville, Tenn., September 22, 1865. 

Alfred H. Beens. Alfred Frost and John Snyder were transferred to the Eighth Cav- 
alry from the Eleventh, and served with that regiment to the close of the war. 

LIGHT ARTILLERY. 

The soldiers of Macomb who served with the Michigan Light Artillery were: 

Charles R. Cory, who died at Nashville, November 23, 1864. 

Discharged in 1865 — Jotham J. Braferd, William C. Thayer, Russell Kenney, James 
Wood, Artemus C. Cook, Isaac E. Riggs, Josiah Hulbert. Frank G. Pearsall. George Pal- 
mer, Moses Thomas and Charles Gamble. 

With Dygert's Sharpshooters were Owen M. Higgins, Geary Lee, Windsor Norton, 
Barlow Davis, discharged October 25, 1862; Fred A. Smith, killed at Chancellorsville 
May 4. 1863; Nelson Carlton, and Isaac N. Owen, discharged February IS, 1863. 

STANTON GUARDS. 

Frank Kellogg, the only Macomb man in the command, was mustered out September 
25, 1862. 

IOWA CAVALRY. 

William H. Carey entered Company A, Iowa Cavalry, January 1, 1864, and served to 
the close of the war. 

PROVOST GUARD. 

The Macomb soldiers were, Calvin Barnes, discharged May 9, 1865, and Andi'ew 
J. Cutcher, discharged May 9, 1865. 

SOLDIERS AND SAILORS OF MACOMB AND ST. CLAIR. 

This organization of veterans maybe numbered among the great military associations 
of the United States. Its re-unions are characterized by a desire to do honor to the past; 
to keep the memory of fallen comrades green ; to lay down jjrecedents for the future. The 
society may be said to date its organization from August 31, 1871, when the members of 
the Twenty -second Michigan Infantry assembled at Romeo and elected the following offi- 
cers ; 



4V 



.•^' 


^ . w. 


^ m 


>^ 


®1 


HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 


427 






President, Gen. William Sanbom, of Port Huron; First Vice President, Col. 


H. S. 






Dean, of Ann Arbor; Second Vice President, Prof. O. D. Thompson, of Lapeer; Secretary, 






Lieut. E. G. Spaulding, of Port Huron; Treasurer, Capt, G. W. Robertson, of Mt. 


Clem- 






ens; Orator, Lieut. Irving D. Hanscom, of Romeo 








Capt. Edgar Weeks delivered the oration on that occasion. 








The re-unions of the Twenty-second and Fifth Michigan Infantry, and of the Eighth | 






Michigan Cavalry, since that time have been held at various places in Macomb, St 


Clair 






and Oakland Counties. The following poem, by William H. Clark, was read before the 






veterans assembled at Mt. Clemens, August 31. 18S1: 








Why meet we coiurades, here to-day, But rail}', sons of noble sires. 








Why gather friends; whj- this display? Light up your homes %vith patriot fires, 








War's rade alarms are past and gone. Wave high, the Starry Banner higli. 








No more we hear the warlike dnmi. And swear its fealty to stand by. 








Or fife's shrill ery. Tho' death has sway. 








Why burnish up our memories here'? Now Wayne, St, Clair and old Macomb, 








What joys or sorrows are so near, With Oakland, Saginaw and Livingston, 








That wake to life .scenes of the past. And Shiawassee, all arise. 








Exciting scenes, dissolving fast The fighting Fifth to organize. 








In days of fear. And march away. 








Full twenty years have passed away, In early day, down to the front, 








The time seems short, aye, but a day. To meet the foe, the battle's brunt. 








The martyred Lincoln called for men Its record shining mid the storm, 








Our glorious Union to maintain. We weep to find four hundred gone. 








The Nation's stay. So brave and true. 








A Union which our fathers wrought. And the gallant Twenty-Second, too. 








A land for us so dearly bought. Bravely into the breach it flew. 








In days when men were sorely tried. On many a hot and bloody ground, 








Who pledged their all, and nobly died. Nobly fighting, always found. 








Not all for nought. A good name wins. 








Columbia's sons, know ye not And next the hardy Eighth comes on, 








That traitors would with hideous blot, To breast the waves of secession, 








Disgrace the Flag that patriots made. With stijrdy ranks and hearts so true. 








Strike out the stars thereon displayed, John Morgan's troops to interview 








In tearful fray. And gain the day. 








hear ye not those threat'ning tones. And we surviving comrades now. 








Now drawing nearer to your homes. With wrinkles gathering on eacli brow, 








Observe ye not the coming storm, In^ mutual toil, privations met. 








Now bursting near with loud alarm, The crown of victory there is set, 








Then why delay. Without display. 








Sons of Macomb, and broad St. Clair. While mem'ry brings years that have fled. 






see ye not that fearful glare'? Forget not those now with the dead. 








Which lighted up Fort Sumter's wall, Who bore with us the strife and heat. 








The opening strife on Southern soil. On silent camping grounds they sleep. 




L 


^ 


O do not stay. With arms at rest. 
27 




^ . 


"7 


a r 







428 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



It is with joy, comrades, this day. 

That we here meet, in peaceful way. 

And in each face rotiectinu: bright. 

Preserved, thougli scarred from war's sat] blijrlit, 

All hall this day. 



A Country saved, united land, 
A Union worthy to command 
True freedom In its broadest sense, 
" Liberty and Union " its defense, 
Hail glorious land. 



The meeting held at Mt. Clemens in September, 1881, was perhajis the largest and 
most enthusiastic of all the happy re-unions of Michigan troops. Among the guests were 
Capt. W. F. Atkinson, Col. Wormer. Col. W. D. Wilkins, Col. Duffield, Col. Pulford and 
others, of Detroit; Col. Dean, of Ann Arbor; Chaplain Jacokes, of Pontiac; George F. 
Lewis, and others from home and abroad. Several old battle-flags stood upon the stage, 
among them the torn banner of the old Fifth. Col. Farrar was President of the Day. 
Mayor Russell made an address of greeting, in which he cordially welcomed the visitors. 
He considered that Mt. Clemens was honored by their presence; the homes and hospitali- 
ties of her people were at their disposal. The Mayor touched upon the pleasuVes of the 
re-union, principal among such being the renewing of old friendships formed amid the 
trials of war, the recital of the experiences of camp and lield. Veterans of the Fifth could 
fight again Fair Oaks and the Wilderness, while the hearts of the Twenty-second would 
W'arm once more as they told of Chattanooga. 

Capt. W. F. Atkinson delivered the following oration: 

" We are again together, not so many as of old, not so young as we were, but with the 
same true hearts, with the same love for our country, and willing, if necessary, to risk our 
lives for its preservation. As the good citizens of Mt. Clemens kindly entertain ub, we will 
renew the friendships of the camp, and march, and battle-field, turn back on memory's golden 
wings and call up faces long since among the missing; tramp again over the hard stone roads 
and hills of Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia, and sing once more the good old songs that 
echoed so sweetly on the Southern air. At times like this, we can forget the bones that 
ached and the heels that were blistered, and remember the camps in beautiful groves, and 
the mellow squeak of the Confederate shoat as a bayonet sacrificed him on the altar of 
liberty. 

The delicious odor of boiled hen and sweet potatoes comes to me now as sweetly 
fragrant as the rose, while the flame from the top rail curls gracefully round the camp kettle 
and soars upward to the clouds, where the spirits of departed foragers whift' it with joy. 
We will be boys again for a day, and let the world take care of itself. 

Michigan sent none btit good regiments to the war, and none of them did her more 
honor than the ones you represent. There is in the hearts of the people a great love for 
and pride in the fighting Fifth. Its glorious record commenced early in the war, and on 
evei-y battle-field of Virginia new laurels were won. One by one, sometimes hundreds at 
a time, brave men fell from its ranks, but always with their faces to the foe. Its flag was 
ever seen in the thickest of the tight, and was never lowei-ed. Many a brave man's blood 
was given for that flag, and it is to-day, torn and tattered though it be. one of the fairest 
jewels in Michigan's crown of glory. 



■^S -r- 



-,^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



■• 'Tattered, torn is the beautiful flair 
For which our brotliers fought and fell. 
Tattered, it loolis like a very rag. 
That flag they loved .so well. 

•■ ■ But wlien on resurrection morn 
Gabriel .sounds tlie reveille. 
In answer to tlie Angel's horn 
A gallant sight you'll see. 

" ' For once again the fighting Fifth 
Their glorious banner high shall lift. 
And place it where in Heavenly hall 
'Twill wave the proudest of Iheni all.' 

I can see some of the boys smile at the idea of Col. Farrar and Maj. Matthews becoming 
angels, btit you know heaven's ramparts are to be stormed when taken, and the old regiment 
will go at them and over them as it did over the rebel breastworks at Gold Harbor, at North 
Anna, at the Wilderness and at Petersburg, where its Hag was fii-st to wave on the rebel 
works. On a May day nineteen years ago. the ladies of Mt. Clemens presented to a cavalry 
regiment then just organized, a silken flag. On its face shone a star for every State. It 
was the flag of ^^'ashingtoll, of Jackson, of human liberty — the Stars and Stripes; and as 
the eloquent tongue of your honored citizen, Kobert P. Eldredge, told them to take and 
[)rotect that banner for the sake of themselves, their homes, and the generations yet to be, 
every man of the gallant Eighth vowed to shield it with his life, and well they kept that 
vow. The regiment was baptized in blood before it was out a week. It caj>ttired John 
Morgan, If swept over Kentucky and Tennessee, carrying death in its path to the rebel 
foe. The mountains of Georgia heard the clatter of its horses' hoofs. It was with Stone- 
man at the Chattahootchie and Macon, and it faced Longstreet day by day, when the 
Union army fell back on Knoxville, It was in thirty nine battles, and the soil of four 
States has been made holy by the blood of its men. What has become of its beautiful 
flag I do not know, but the ladies who gave it did not trust in vain. Men of the Eighth 
Cavalry, you may well feel proud of yotu- old regiment, and I did not wonder wheu I 
heard that your brave old comrade, Col, Wormer. claims that it is higher honor to be a 
member of the Eighth than wear the stars of a Major General, 

Of the Twenty second Michigan, what can I say that will even faintly do justice to 
that splendid regiment"? Its men are dearer to my heart than those of any other, for I 
shared with them the many joys and sorrows of a soldier's life. I saw them as, with 
proud steps and gallant bearing, they filed out of t«he fair-ground at Poutiac. No body of 
men were ever better calculated for their work, and never in the trying scenes of war did 
they falter in the line of duty. I saw them day by day, on the march and in the camp, 
on the skirmish line and m the battle, do honor to their country and their State, They 
helped to drive the rebels from Kentucky, They marched with Rosecrans through Tennes- 
see, They forced their way over the mountains of Northern Georgia, and reached Chick 
amauga to find the Union army on the retreat, badly beaten and demoralized. They were 



^1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ordered to the front to stop the onward march of the victorious rebels while the rest of 
the army formed a new line. You all know the history of their terrible fight. You have 
he;uxl of the cjallaut charge they made; how. 



■ Sioruu'ii al by shot and slu-ll 
Nobly tlify "fouaht and fell. ' 



How live times Lougstreet's victorious troops were hurled against them, and live times 
driven back. You have heard how Col. Sanborn led the regiment in its brilliant charge, 
and you know that round that tiag fought and fell that day some of Michigan's bravest 
men, and how at last, its ammunition gone, it was surrounded, and the remnant of that 
heroic band taken prisoners. You have heard of their sufferings in the prisons of the 
South, and when you hear of the Twenty-second you may all feel proud, for 

■ Sons of Macomb and broad St. Clair 
And Oakland's rolling fluids w^re tluTo.' 

and as long as the Union lives, their names will be remembered in honor." 

Upon conclusion of the speaking, the associations met at their headquarters and held 
business meetings. 

The Fifth, of which there were 150 members present, elected officers as follows: 
President, W. D. Wilkins; First Vice President, E. H. Shook; Second Vice Presi- 
dent, DeWit Walker; Third Vice President, D. Owen; Secretary, T. J. West; Treasurer, 
D. P. Ejse; Historian, H. K. Sweet. 

The Twenty-second, 167 members present, elected the following officers: President, 
A. M. Keeler; First Vice President, S. C. Mead; Second Vice President, A. P. McCon- 
nell; Secretary, A. E. Collins; Treasurer, J. J. Snook. 

The Eighth Cavalry, 90 members, elected: President, J. H. Riggs; First Vice Presi- 
dent, G. S. Wormer; Second Vice President, A. E. Calkins; Third Vice President, H. C. 
Wells; Fourth Vice President, W. L. Buck; Treasurer, C. Crowely; Secretary, T. M. 
Birdsall; Historian, J. M. Lamb; Orator, W. H. Clark; Corresponding Secretary, E. F. 
Allen. 

The Macomb an'l St. Clair Association, 200 members present, elected officers as fol- 
lows: President. William H. Clark; First Vice President, Peter Chiu-chill; Second Vice 
President, James Smith; Third Vice President, Porter Beebe; Fourth Vice President, 
William Jonney; Secretary and Treasurer, E. A. Jennings. 

Among the Presidents of the Macomb and St. Clair Associations, as organized in 
June, 1877, were Col. Sanborn, Maj. A. M. Keeler, Col. J. S. Farrar, and the present 
President, William H. Clark, Jr. The association was formed in 1877, by lifty-one sol- 
diei's of this district, to which number seventy-six have been added. 

CONCLUSION. 

In the foregoing pages, the writer has essayed to give a measure of justice to the sol- 
diers of Macomb. Of those who labored at home, something must also be said. Imme- 



HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



diately succeediiig the commencement of hostilities, the ladies of the county became thor- 
oughly imbued with a sense of that duty which they owed to their country. They formed 
societies of aid to the sick and wounded soldiers of the armies, and so organized them- 
selves as to be able to render most effective service. 

The citizens whose days for Held service ended with the close of the tu'st half of the 
century, acted well their part at home. Their co-operation with the State Military Board 
resulted in most important aid to the Republic. 

The history of the times is one which speaks of duty done. The troops of Macomb, 
attached to the various regiments sent forward from Michigan, were soldiers in the full 
acceptation of the term. When they are considered, with what pride may their fellow- 
citizens and relatives look back to the seventh decade of the nineteenth century, when 
such a number of gallant men went forth to offer themselves upon the altars of patriotism 
— to preserve the Republic. The most terrible fate thi-eatened the truest federalization 
upon the earth. A visible enemy from within, aided by unnumbered enemies of liberty 
from without, entered into a conspiracy to destroy all that which the Revolution acquired 
for us. The soldiers who eombatted the powers of the conspirators, who beat down every 
obstacle which the wealth of the slaveholders and their aristocratic allies placed before 
them, must live forever in the hearts of the people. The soldiers of 1861-65 have, next 
to those of Lexington and Yorktovro, left names wh-'ch can never die so long as memory 
lives; they left precedents, illustrious examples, which the present and the future must 
always observe when the Republic is threatened. Let the people follow in their tracks, 
and transmit, fi'om generation to generation, a land of illimitable possibilities, a patriotism 
incorruptible, a government at once strong and just, a set of public principles honorable 
to the age, that so happiness may reign in every home within tln' Union, and teach 
the outside world the value of Freedom. 




— i 



5 



IIISTOIJV or MACOMH COUNTY 



CHAPTER XXIII. 

OI.DKN KN'I'KKl'UlSKs. 

Thu auciont cities of Miu-oinl) won> soniothing iiiore than papiT villaijos. Thorn was' 
an carnHstnesH of purposo apparent in every act of thoir buililt<rs which niwitod succosa-- 
n commodity never granted them, at least in their town-huihling entorpris(>s. It is just 
possibles that, had not the panic of 1887 prostrated enterprise, stayed immigration, and 
plunged (>nterpri8ing men into a lake of ruin, Belvidero, Frederick. Wuisuw, Marcellus, 
Frankfort, and other villages then proposed to be built up, would (>xist to day. as proud 
and prosperous as any of the busy centers of our population. 



■I'HK CITY OK ma.VIDEHK. 

This city was a creature of that enterprise which marked the years imniediatc^ly pre- 
ceding the panic year of 18157. From a description of the location, [)ublished under direc 
tion of James L. Conger, in August, 18;{(i, it is to 1m> understood that the city was situate 
about twenty live miles a\)ove Doti'oit, at the mouth of the Clinton lliver, being directly on 
the (jrcat ami only route of iruicr conniiiinic(itio)i with the upper lake region and whole 
Western country. The advc^rtisemeut stated further that "the location is, beyond all (puw- 
tiou, one of the most healthy in IMichigan: and the surrounding country is well timbered 
with th(< finest oak, ma|>le, bhick wahiut, whitewood, and other trees, to be found in 
America. In f(>rtility, richness and de|)th. the soil is not surpassed by any other iu the 
Western Stales. Along the margins of St. Clair and the various rivers, this country has 
been setthul and W(^I1 improved for from thirty to sixty years, and exhibits some of th(> 
linest farms in the world. And within th(> last two or three years, n flood of emigrants 
from New York and the Eastern States, possessing both euterpi'ise and wealth, liave [HU'- 
chased and s(>ttled ujion netu'ly a'l the lands in this section of country. A railroad com- 
pany, with banking ju'ivileges. has been rec(>ntly chartered by the Legislature of Michigan 
to constru(;t a railroad from Saginaw to Cliukm Kiver; and anotlier railroad is in conteni- 
[)lation to connect I'outiao. Utica and other villages west, with Belvidere. Clinton Kiver. 
at th(< mouth of which this i)lace is located, is one of the finest rivers that .empty into tlie 
Western lake'?, being wider and dei^per than the Cuyahoga River at Cleveland, Ohio, and its 
waters being beautifully clear, pure and limpid in this i-espect, like the waters of Lake St. 
Clair, Huron, etc. This river is navigable to a considerable distance into the interior for 
vessels of any size, after passing th(< bar at the mouth, which has now about six and one-half 
fi'ot of water. At the last session of ("ongress. an api)ro[)riation of !?-"), 000 was made to 
lemove the bar at the mouth of this river, and no doubt is entertained of obtaining, at the 



HISTOIty OI'" MACOMH COLTNTy. 



^ 

(» 



ii«xt HOHHiijii of tliJit boily, hiicli furtliur miiiiih hs iii.iy 1)" n<!(f<wHury tcj Ijiiil'l ;i |>i<^r, i!ii'<'t. n 
lif^ht-hoiiw?, and tuaku hucIi othur iiii|)rovniiii'iits as will ruiidur UiIh liarhor mjual Ui any on 
the W<!Hfc(!rn lakoH. ' ' 

Tofjfithf'rwith thiH uotici- of th« (rity, tho a(]vnrtiH<tiii<'iit mft forth that JOO vilhif^i! lotH 
wouhl b<5 Hohl at atictioii Octohor JJ, ISIW, and alHo thu Jiolvidom Hotol, thon opriratod by 
A. Wilcox. PurchaHerH wuri' to pay 20 por «nnt cawh, and tho balanco in four payiiK^ntH 
of 20 per c«nt ((ach, wh<«n an indiHpiitabl") titl<^ and warranty duod would imhuh from thi- 
agent'H ofiie<;. 

ThiH auction took placi' on thi- aji|)oint<-i| ilay. Ahraliai/i I'itchi^r, of f>anfaHt<'r, Oliio, 
acted aH auctioneer, and Peter A. CaHHat aw Chsrk. 

The following Ik a HUininary of the record of Hale; 



25 |HW ff:<;t on CUiitoii street 

SO 'lOfl fi'Ct on Huprjrior btrecl 

31 106 f<'<;t on Superior street. . . . 

AZ 120 feet on Huperior street, . . 

:« 102 feet on Hiiperior street 

68 ST feel on st<famlio:il Unrljnf;. 

37 KW feet on Clinton strert 

18 150 fe<;t on (Unton street 

1 ;104 feet on Clinton street 

2 |104 feet on Clinton street 

21 104 feel on Clinton street 

28 Il04 feet on Clinton street 



James U. Con/^er 

Tliomas Wuterliouw!. . , 

.lames I.. (Jon^er 

Conifer and Bhu^kweli, 

Zeras .Maynard 

.James I,, (Jonger 

Tlionias II, Feck 

.James I<. Conger 

.James \,. Congi;r 

.James \j. Conger 

.James \.. Conger 

.James J>. Conger 



$200 
lUO 
115 
325 
105 
l.Vl 
«10 
310 
120 
IW 
175 
178 



A Bhanty, a short time [jreviously in the poHiwHHion of T, C, Forhw, wan sold to JamoB 
L, Conger for loo. 

Bhanty No. 2, occupied by Sam (^uimby, wan wdd {/> Conger for $2*5, 

The VV'<«t barn, with the cider-mill, threshing machine, etf;., et^;,, wi!r<! wold to ■] L. 
Conger for ^K!0. 

The Tavf^rn House, or Belvidere Hotel, lands and a|)purt<jnanc<»>, were ti(>ld U) Con 
ger for %iiJ>U), with the underHtanding that the hotel should be wnnpleted by the Uelvi- 
dere Com[)any in the Htyl<* and manner explained by the auctioneer at the hhU',. 

t'nder dat<! November lo, 1S80, ThomaH \Vat<jrhou«e ti'anKferred t'j Conger Lot .Vo, 
iiO, purchased by him at the auction sale. On Dofiember 8, IH-W, Zera Miiymird made a 
similar transfer of Lot ;{:{, and on December 27, Thomas H. Peck conveyed his lot, No, 
o7, to .Jarnes Ij. C<jnger. 

liKI.VllJKIlK l.\SI> TITLES, 

In giving the uam<« of [)atentees of the "lands on which the city of IJelvidere was 
platt^;d, it is wjusidered unnecessary to follow iij) the various dianges in ownership from 
1811 U) \HV). In the section of this work devottxl U) the [doneer landholders, that s<iction 
of Harrison has been fully regardexl. The land forming the point east of Alexis Peltier's 
claim was patented t(j Ignace Morass Oct/jber 7, 1811. 

The tract .'idjoiiiiiig this ou the west was patent^jd Ut the widow and heirs of 



i>^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Alexis Peltier July '24, 1811. who deeded the land subsequently to Ign ace Morass. Morass 
conveyed his original claim and the tract acquired by piu'chase to David Conger November 
3. 18H5. This property covered the original Belvidere purchase. 

To Julian Forton, as assignee of Robert Robertjean. a patent issued Aj)ril 20. 1811, 
for his claim west of the line of Alexis Peltier's farm. This tract was conveyed to David 
Conger by Julian, Catherine, Charles and Leonore Forton, November '23, 1835. Those 
original owners also deeded the west half of the lands descri'-ed in the patent to David 
Congei', at the same time, and he in turn deeded this last tract, or west half, to S. G. Lang- 
don October 13, 1837. 

On May 22, 1838, Mr. Conger, Ed R. Blackwell, Louis Chapaton and A. C. Hatch 
visited the location to decide ultimately the boundaries of the Conger and Langdon farms, 
as pm'chased in 1835 from the Forton family. 

The transfers which subsequently marked the proprietary of the lands of Belvidere 
up to 1838 may be learned from the following notices: 

November, 1835. David Conger to James L. Conger, three-fourths of the Belvidere 
pm'chase. or Morass and Peltier claiais: also one-eighth of the same to Thomas H. Peck, 
one-sixteenth to Thomas Bolton, one-thirty-second to D. B. Conger, and one-thirty- second 
to James L. Conger and T. H. Peck. 

Thomas Bolton transferred his interest to Erick M. Segur, and Elizabeth Smith, June 
6. 1836. 

James L. Conger conveyed the one-thirty-seeond part of Belvidere to Timothy Ingra- 
ham November 23, 1837; gave a quit claim deed to S. G. Langdon for Lots 553, 360, 
205 and 200. April 18, 1838, and one of the Steam Mill Lot February 12, 1838; to Tim- 
othy Andrews, in 1837, Lots 65 and 250; to Ralph Clarke, Lot 3-1:7, April 13, 1837; to 
Thomas C. Peck, Lots 59 and 385, January 12, 1838; eight lots to D. Garnsey March 5, 
1838. 

Thomas H. Peck sold the one-sixty-fom'th undivided partof Belvidere to CuUen Brown 
January 13, 1836; one-sixteenth part to Richard Hussey March 7. 1837; a similar part to 
David B. Conger May 9, 1837, except Lot 300. which he deeded to Samuel Lyon May 9. 
1837. He transferred thirty-one lots and a sixteenth part of the residue of the Belvidere 
purchase to James L. Conger January 12, 1838. 

David B. Conger transferred to Thomas H. Peck, December 15. 1837, a one-sixteenth 
part of the Belvidere purchase, omitting Lots 117 and 300. and adding Lot 524 July 
15. 1836. he transferred ten lots to Royal C. Knapp. and Knapp deeded this property to 
Thomas I. Howell November 11. 1836. 

During June and Jul}'. 1838, a wholesale transfer of property to James L. Conger 
took place. David B. Conger and wife, Elizabeth Smith, Cullen Brown and wife. S. G. 
Langdon and wife, T. H. Peck, NeLson Oviatt and wife, Erick M. Segm- and wife. Tim- 
othy Ingi'aham and wife, all joined in what appears to be a partition deed. June 29. 1838. 

The siu-vey of the city of Belvidere was made by Abel Dickinson. Wadsworth, Medina 
Co.. Ohio, and the plat was di'awn at the same time, by James L. Conger, of Cleveland, 



f 



-^ 



B J> 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COLXTY. 



Ohio, in November. 1835. This survey began near the upper end of the first ox-bow bend 
in th Clinton River, on the northern side of that river. 

The main thoroughfares of the city were Clinton street, running from the western 
limits to the extreme eastern j)oint of land, forming the north banli of the river, forming 
an angle at the foot of Wayne Btreet, which was called St. Clair place. Conger avenue, 
one block north of Clinton street, ran west from Division street to the lake shore. The 
streets running east and west north of Conger avenue were named James. Madison. De- 
troit. Morass and Colton. Smith street ran south of Clinton, and parallel with it, on 
what was to foiTn the north bank of the proposed channel, running west from the steam- 
boat landing to the head of the ox-bow. On the south bank of this channel. Nelson street 
was laid off. and one block farther south was Ewing street. The three streets just named 
extended east and west to the circular road round the ox-bow. called by the surs'eyor River 
street. 

The streets running north and south were named Division street, forming the west- 
ern boundary; Cleveland. Alric, Superior. Peck. Erie and Wayne streets. Washington 
Square, a space 300x232 feet, was on the north side of Conger avenue, a half- block wide 
on each side of Superior .street. Jefferson Landing was at the foot of Wayne street; the 
steamboat landing, at the foot of Peck street; in a word, the city looked majestic on paper. 

FREDERICK OR CASINO. 

The village of Frederick, formerly called Casino, was platted for Frederick M. and 
Horace Stevens. June 24. 1837. The location was on the old Han'ington farm, where 
formerly stood the Moravian town of New Gnadtenhutten. The village tavern and mill 
survived the panic and prospered for many years; but little dow remains Ui tell of its ex- 
istence save the ruin of the tavern, which building was blown down in December. 1881. 
The Stevens and Harrington dwellings are still there. The mill, built by Job Smith 
about 1828. was burned. 

OTHER VILL.^GES. 

Warsaw. Marcellus. Frankfort and Clifton are all villages of a past age. Like Fred- 
erick, they flourished for awhile, and then drooped suddenly, never to bloom again. Those 
were all villages of Clinton Township. Each of them asjsired to excel Mt. Clemens, and 
each of them fell in the attempt, leaving the enterprise which prompted their establish- 
ment alone to be admired. 

TREMBLE CREEK. 

A settlement was also made, as appears, by a Capt. Franijois Marsac. in about 1798, 
at Tremble Creek, the stream just this side of New Baltimore, on the Ridge road, and 
also prior to 179(3, at Swan Creek, beyond New Baltimore some four miles. 

From the early settlement of that section, a tradition has been handed down — and this 
tradition has many believers even now — that an English Captain, or Lieutenant, who had 
been largely successful in gathering together a quantity of bullion, being compelled to 
flee from the Indians, buried his treasure in the earth about a mile from the prasent site 



IW 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



of New Baltimore; that he was either killed by the Indians or died from exposure, and 
the secret of his treasure's hiding-place died with him. Many searches have been made 
by infatuated individuals after this treasm-e, and many believe that the i^hostly shade of 
the deceased Captain guards the treasure trove so jealously and has such power of mov- 
ing its location, that all search is in vain. 

RAILROADS AND NAVIGATION. 

At an early period in the history of the county, the thoughts of the settlers often ad- 
verted to the existing necessity for either a canal or railroad to lead their civilization into 
the bleak interior. The ideas of the settlers were theoretically correct, but impracticable 
because premature. Many great works were completed on paper. Not only was a canal 
to lead from Mt. Clemens into the heart of the wilderness, but also a railroad was to con- 
nect that little city with the land of the fierce Kishkawko. A few of the day-di-eams of 
the period assumed practical shape, but the financial crisis of 1837 placed a quietus on 
enterprise, and even reduced the wild-cat banks to nothingness. For a few years the 
people battled manfully with the trials of that period of depression, rose superior to 
them, and ultimately succeeded in surpassing even the highest notions of their earlier years. 

F'ort St. Joseph Road. — At this period — 1798-1800 — the means of communication 
with Detroit was by way of the river and lake. The Gratiot Tiu-npike had not then been 
projected or opened. This was siirveyed long after, in 1827, and cut through the 
next year as a road of communication between Fort Detroit and Fort Gratiot, at Port 
Huron, and the head of the St. Clair River. In connection with the history of this tirni- 
pike, the traveler of modern days can scarcely appreciate the difficulty of the opening of 
this highway. We need not tell that fi'oin Detroit to Port Hm-on was one vast stretch of 
forest, with slough-holes, pit- falls, swails and mud, at such free juent intervals as would appall 
the traveler of to-day. It is said that about the site of James Patton' s house, some four or 
five miles north of Mt. Clemens --now a high, di-y and pleasant location — the road passed 
through a swamp, which, in the wet season, fm-nished the wild duck and swan with a 
swimming-place, and conseipiehtly the Indian with a splendid hunting-ground for bird 
game. 

A few rods below the Carl farmhouse, three miles south of Mt. (Uemens, was another 
slough, that would have compared well with the one described by John Bunyan in his 
"Pilgrim's Progress.'' It was two days' journey then from Detroit to the settlement at 
Hm'on River or Mt. Clemens. This was then a trading-post and stopjiing-place for those 
whose business called them to and fi'om Detroit and Port Huron. 

The Saginaw & Mt. Clemens Railroad. — So early as 1885, these villages di-eamed of 
great deeds, and actually witnessed the organization of a company having for its object 
the construction of a railroad from Saginaw City to Mt. Clemens, via Lapeer. The capital 
stock of those railroad builders was !|1, 000,000. With this sum of money, the company 
promised to begin work within four years after the charter would be granted; to complete 
ten miles of the track within eight years; forty-five miles within fifteen years; and the 



■^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



whole distance of ninety miles within forty years. This company operated a banking; es- 
tablishment in connection with its railroad business, and a few rods of the road were 
graded at Mt. Clemens. 

De Toequeville visited Mt. Clemens and Indian Village — now Romeo — in 1831, and 
pointed out almost precisely +he railroad routes now in ojieration. 

In 1822, the first stage line was established in Michigan, between Mt. Clemens and 
Detroit, in connection with the Steamer Walk in the Water. 

From Mt. Clemens to Sault St. Marie, the Territorial road from Mt. Clemens up the 
North Branch of the Clinton, following as near as practicable the route of an old survey 
by Romeo; thence on the most eligible and direct route to the seat of justice in the county 
of Lapeer; thence to the town of Saginaw, to the northern extremity of the peninsula, and 
thence to the Sault St. Marie, in the county of Chippewa, was authorized to be laid out 
in 1839. Horace H. Cady, of Macomb, Daniel Le Roy and Nathaniel Squires, were the 
Commissioners appointed to carry out the act. 

At the same time, there was ordered to be laid out a Territorial road from Romeo to 
Port Hm-on. Ro.=iwell R. Green, Horace Foot and Thomas Palmer were the Commission- 
ers appointed to establish such road. 

The Clintnti cf- Kalamazoo Canal. — The amounts appropriated for the construction of 
this public work equaled §40,000 in 1837; $205,000 in 1838; and §60,000 in 1839; ag- 
gi-egating 1305,000 Of this sum, $115,202.92 were expended in 1838-39, leaving the bal- 
ance, $189,797.08, unexpended. The estimated expense of connecting the head of the canal 
from Mt. Clemens to Rochester, in Oakland County, a distance of sixteen miles and sixty- 
four rods^ was .■i253,919. The estimated expense of connecting the head of the canal at Mt. 
Clemens with Lake St. Clair, by way of the river between Mt. Clemens and the city of Bel- 
videre, was $37,915.75. The amount actually expended on the sixteen sections of the canal 
up to November 4, 1839, was $101,r)40.2S. In a letter dated May 21, 1839, Civil Engineer 
Hurd advised the cutting of an aqueduct across the little peninsula on which the village of 
Frederick was located, which advice was criticized in a letter signed by J. M. Berrien, J. 
S. Dutton and Tracy McCracken, under date July 8, 1839. 

Sault St. Marie Canal. — Under the act for the regulation of internal improvement 
and for the appointment of a Board of Commissioners, Rix Robinson, of Kent County, was 
assigned as Commissioner in charge of the construction of the Northern Railroad, the Sagi- 
naw Canal, Sault St. Marie Canal, the canal round the rapids of the Grand River, and the 
improvement of the Grand, Kalamazoo and Maple Rivers. Tracy McCracken was appoint- 
ed Engineer on the Sault St. Marie Cinal and other improvements. Fifty thotisand dol- 
lars were appropriated for constructing a ship canal at the Sault in 1837, but of this sum 
only $2,952.93 were expended ujj to the close of December, 1839. although it is reported 
that a siun of $5,000 was advanced to the contractors. 

This subject becomes connected with the history of this county on account of the con 
tractor, and the gi-eater number of his men being old settlers here. For that reason, it 
obtains something more than mention in these pages. 



*?)■? 



438 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



THE WEEKS CONTRACT. 

' 'An agreement made the 7th day of September, 1838, between Jame.s Smith and TJrial 
Driggs, of the first part, and Aaron Weeks, of the second part, the party of the first part 
in consideration of the stipuhitiuns herein contained, do agree to assign their interests to 
an equal and undivided third of a certain contract executed by Rix Robinson, as 
(-'ommissiouer, for constructing the canal at the falls of Sault de St. Jklarie. 

"The party of the second part, in consideration of such assignment, doth agi'ee to turn 
into the said company the vessel called the Eliza Ward, of seventy or eighty tons, to be 
completely rigged and seaworthy, and to be used and owned by the said parties jointly. 

"The second party also doth agree to bear one-third of the expense of constructing the 
canal, and receive one-third of the net profits, in case there should be any, and to bear one- 
third of the net loss. He also agrees to devote one-half of his time in superintending 
construction of said work, to furnish Hour, pork and other materials necessary to cai-ry on 
such work, at the prime cost and chai'ges, to be paid out of the first moneys received from 
the said Commissioner.'' This agreement was duly signed by James Smith, U. Driggs, A. 
Weeks, on the day named above, and fiu'ther signed by Rix Robinson, Acting Commis- 
sioner of the Works, at Detroit, April lU. lS3y. 

ACTION OF THE UNITED STATES TROOPS. 

By some strange oversight, the Executive of the State Government ur the Commis- 
sioners of Public Improvements permitted the contractors to repair to the Sault St. Marie 
with their men without consulting the Indians, who were owners of the land on one side, 
or the United States, the owners of the land on the other side. The affair is reviewed 
in the following testimony of the prime actor in the drama, given December 30, 1839, 
which was furnished o the Secretary of the Treasury: 

"Aaron Weeks, of Mt. Clemens, county of Macomb, being duly sworn, doth depose and 
say that he is one of the contractors on the Sault de St. Marie Canal: that in April last, 
he employed James B. Van Rensselaer to assist him in the construction of said work, and 
to take charge of and oversee the hands on the same during his absence; and that the said 
Van Rensselaer, with about fifty men, provisions, tools and necessary implements, repaired 
to the Sault a few days before this deponent; that this deponent arrived at the Sault de 
St. Marie on Satm-day evening, the 11th day of May, A. D. 1839; that on Sundaj- morning, 
the 12tli of May, the day after his arrival on the ground, Lieut. Root called on this de- 
ponent and handed him a written notice, prohibiting him to proceed with the work. This 
deponent then went and conversed with Lieut. Root on the subject of commencing opera- 
tions on the canal, when Root replied that he was not prepared to argue the question 
whether it would be an injury or a benefit to the United States, but he should not go on 
with the work, as his orders were positive. This deponent then wrote to said Lieutenant, 
and received a letter- in- reply from Capt. Johnson. The second day after the receipt of 
this letter, this deponent, with about forty men, commenced operations on the canal by re- 
moving the obstructions on the line and by commencing digging, when Capt. Johnson, the 



4 



,^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



officer in command at Fort Brady, ordered out a company <'f regulars, armed with mus- 
kets and bayonets, and marched them down to where the said men were at work. The 
Captain ordered the m3n to stop work. This deponent, in reply, remarked to him that he 
could not, as he was under contract with the State of Michigan to complete the work by a 
certain time; that Capt. Johnson then marched his men down the line to a point where 
Van Rensselaer had some men at work digging, and commanded the men to desist labor; 
some of the men felt disposed not to obey, whereupon Capt. Johnson stepped up to one of 
the foremen, James Sherrill, with his sword drawn, and wresteil from him the spade with 
which he was working, saying that his orders must be obeyed, remarking that upon one 
side of the mill-race was an Indian reservation, and that the other belonged to the United 
States. Upon this, the men ceased work, and Johnson marched them ofif the line of the 
canal. And this deponent would further say that, after being thus interrupted and pre- 
vented in the prosecution of this work, and finally driven from the ground, through the 
direct interference of the military of the United States, he was compelled to abandon the 
work and leave there with his men." 

This statement was sworn and subscribed to before Richard Butler, Notary Public, 
of Macomb County, December 30, 1839. '''^Sfli 

Similar statements were made by James B. Van Rensselaer and John Levake, sworn 
to before Justice Richard Butler. In Mr. Weeks' letter to Hon. William Woodbridgei 
dated Mt. Clemens, December 11, 1839, the affair was very fully explained. From Octo- 
ber. 1838, to May 1'2, 1838, he estimated his expenditures on the contract at $7,047.52. 

R.\ILR0.4IjS. 

Detroif <f- SlipJhy Railroad. — The line from the Grand Trunk Railroad to Utica of the 
Detroit & Bay City Railroad runs on the embankment, thirty years old in 1872, construct- 
ed by the Detroit & Shelby Railroad Company. An embankment was built so long ago as 
far as Utica, and was found to be in a good state of preservation, and needed but slight 
changes to make it fit for the modern railway. On the old road, flour and other products 
were brought to Detroit from Utica, the cars being drawn by horses, and the old Detroit & 
Pontiac depot being used as the terminus. The road was something of a primitive affair, 
but was far more serviceable than the ordinary dirt road, which was visually in very bad 
condition. In not moi'e than two or three spots does the embankment seem 1 1 have been 
plowed down, and over this section of the line neither the cutting of trees nor grubbing 
was necessary. Gurdon C. Leech. Richard L. Clarke and others were the projectors of 
this primitive railroad. 

The Michigan Division of the Grand Trunk. — The line of the railway known as the 
Poi't Huron, Detroit & Chicago Branch of the Grand Trunk Railway was completed in the 
autumn of 1859. The entire expense of construction and equipment was borne by the gi- 
gantic corporation known as the Grand Trunk Railroad Company of Canada. The Mich- 
igan Division enters Macomb County at the southeast corner of Richmond Township, and 
traverses the county in a southwesterly direction. The company have stations at the fol- 



t 



N^ — «- ^ — ^l >>, 

440 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

lowing places: Ridgeway, Baltimore Station (now New Haven), Mt. Clemens and Utica 
Plank. The road has proved of substantial advantage to every j>art of the State and 
county not otherwise accommodated with a railway outlet, while the connection has proved 
invaluable to merchants and shippers, and thereby to producers generally, in afford- 
ing a competing route to the East, as well as connection with points not reached by any 
othei- line. The main branch runs from Port Sarnia to Portland, Me., a distance of 802 
miles. The Michigan Division runs from Port Huron to Detroit Junction, a distance of 
fifty-nine miles, making a total length, under the Grand Trunk corporation, of Sfi] miles. 
-^The Detroit d- Bay City Railroad. — This railway is under the control of the Mich- 
igan Central Railroad Company. It enters Macomb County near the center of the south- 
ern boundary of Warren Township, and traverses through the townships of Wai-ren, Ster- 
ling and Shelby, in a northwesterly direction. It leaves the county about the center of 
Ihe western boundary of the latter township, and enters the adjacent coiinty of Oakland. 
The stations of this company within the limits of Macomb are Warren, Glenwood, Spin- 
nings and Utica. This division is 115 miles in length, and passes through a rich agi'icult- 
ural region, while the lumber and silt trade contributes very materially to swell its traffic. 
The Michigan Air- Line. — The Michigan Air-Line project was originally designed as 
a short line from Chicago to Buffalo, and was intended to run across the State from Chi- 
cago, striking the St. Clair River just above the town of St. Clair, and there connect with 
what is known as the Canada Southern. The Michigan Central, which aided in building 
so much of this line as lies between Jackson and Niles, and furnished almost the entire 
capital with which it was built, finally made it a feeder for Detroit and the Central. This 
road enters Macomb County in the southeast corner of Richmond Township, then trav- 
erses the townships of Armada aud Washington. There are stations on this line within 
Macomb County, called Ridgeway, Armada. Romeo and Washington. This branch line is 
twenty-six miles in length. It cost the people of the townships through which it runs a 
snug sum of money, butjthe benefits which will be derived from the road ultimately will 
doubtless compensate in a large measure for the heavy tax its construction imposed upon 
many individuals. That railroads in general are a benefit no one will deny, but some are 
constructed at an immense sacrifice to property-holders, and the remuneration, in actual 
value, is oftentimes imperceptibly slow in development. But on the whole, railroad en- 
terprises, when conducted by persons who have the welfare of the several communities 
through which they shall pass at heart, are means of much good, and vice versa when in- 
stigated, carried on and controlled by speculators, who look only to their own personal 
aggrandizement. As a public emolument, railroads ought to become as popular as they 
are generally successful. 

CLINTON RIVER. 

In ISTO, the channel of entrance to this river was very shallow, the shoalest place 
showing only thi-ee and a half feet of water, while the river was ten feet in depth. A proj- 
ect of improving the river was adopted in LSTO, the object being to afford a channel fifty 
feet wide at bottom, with a depth of eight feet, and in the execution of the improvement, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the amount expended has been $5,000. Another appropriation of $8,000 was made last 
spring, and this money is to be applied to dredging a channel cut eight feet deep and sixty 
feet wide at the entrance of the river. An appropriation of $25,000 was asked for in 
1881, which is supposed to complete the improvement. This sum was granted. 

HARBOR OF REFUGE. BELLE RIVER. 

After a survey of the bar at the mcuth of Belle Kiver, an appropriation of $7,000 
was made for its removal. Belle River is about one hundi'ed and forty feet in width, and 
from seven to nine feet deep at the lower reaches, which it is intended to improve. The 
project adopted in 1880 is to afford a channel fifty feet wide, thirteen feet deep to the first 
bridge, and twelve feet deep to the second. No money has yet been expended on the im- 
provement. 



CHAPTER XXIV. 

COURTS AND BAR OF MACOMB. 

The fu-st session of the Macop^b County Court was held in the house of Christian 
Clemens, at Mt. Clemens, July 10, 1818. Christian Clemens, Chief Justice, with Daniel 
Le Roy and William Thompson, Associate Judges, presided. 

The first case brought before this tribunal was the admission of Ezra Prescott to the 
bar of Macomb. Having produced his certificate as an attorney of the Supreme Judicial 
Court of New Hampshire, it was ordered that he should be admitted an attorney and 
counselor at law of this county. John Stockton was Clerk of the Court. 

The next sitting of the court took place July 14, 1818. The Grand Jury made no 
presentments, and was discharged. The only civil suit brought before the Judges was 
that of Mitchell and Leo Trombley versus Joseph Dupree, on appeal from Justice Le Roy's 
court Mr. Le Roy retired from the bench when the case was presented; however, on ac- 
court of not being ready for trial, the cause was continued. 

The session of 1819 began February 1, with the same Judges presiding. James Fulton, 
the Sheriff, returned the names of twenty- foiu" Grand and twenty-fom- Petit Jurors. The 
following are the names of the Grand Jm'ors who were present: Z. W. Bvince, Oliver 
Record, Andrew "^'estbrook. Baptiste Yax. William Brown, Joseph Mini, John K. Smith, 
Elisha Hai-rington, Edwai-d Tucker, Jacob Tucker, John Connor, Isaac Russ, H. R. Un- 
derhill, PieiTe Phenix, Felix Pelhy, Baptiste Nicla, Hugh McKay, Julius Forton, Francis 
Labadie, James Graham, John B. Beaubien, Gideon Olmstead. This jmy retired under 
care of Constable J. B. Chapaton. 

The cases brought before the coui't were as follows: 

Mitchell Trombley, Supervisor of Huron Township, appealed from Justice Harring- 



nv 



-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUJJTV. 



ton's coiu't his complaint against John Tucker, which was ordered discontinned. His com- 
plaints versus Julius Forton, Louis Chortier, Charles Peltier, Edward Tucker, Francis La- 
badie and Benjamin Trombley. The other cases were those of Andrew Westbrook versus 
A\'illiam Austen, an appeal from Justice Smith's coiu't. and the continued case of Tromb- 
ley versus Dupree, which were continued. 

The session of the court in 1820 was merely marked by the granting of a license to 
the Chief Justice of that court, as follows: 

Macomb County, ) 
February Term. 1820. f "''• 

Christian Clemens, of siiid county, having made application to said court for a license to keep a 
tavern, and having satisfied said court that a tavern is nece.ssary at his phice of residence for tlie ac- 
commodation of travelers; that he is of good moral character, and has sufficient accommodation for 
.sucli purpose; therefore said court have granted him this license. 

William Thompson, 

James Fuller. Daniel Le Roy, 

.JOSEPH Hays. ' Assistant Justices of said Counli). 

circuit court. 

The tii-st record of the Circuit Court shows that Joseph Campau, of Wayne County, 
sued Charles Peltier, of Macomb, for £54 14s., New York cuiTency, due the late Denis 
Campau, of whose estate Joseph Campau was administrator. William Woodbridge, Pre- 
siding Judge of the Court, held at Mt. Clemens July 21, 1828, issued an order for the 
arrest of Peltier and his safe custody until the opening of the Circuit Court in October of 
that year at Mt. Clemens. Judgment, damages, 1185.36; costs, $15.50; total, $200.86. 

RETIREMENT OF JUDGE MOKELL. 

Among the old records of the bar of Macomb County is one dealing with an event in 
its histoi'y, namely, the retirement of Hon. George Morell from the judiciary of this cir- 
cuit, April 4, 1843. A meeting of the bar was held within the old court house at Mt. 
Clemens, which was presided over by Hiron Hathaway as Chairman, and Azariab Pren 
tiss. Vice Chairman, both Associate Judges of the county. Amos Dolby, Clerk of the 
Court, was appointed Secretary. The meeting as organized appointed a committee of 
nine on resolutions, the members of which were Conger, Butler, Leonard, Terry, Smith, 
^^'alker, Mitchell, Eldredge and Carter. This committee reported the following resolu- 
tions, which werii adopted: 

Whereas, The Hon. George Morell is about to retire from the Chief Justiceship of this State 
and the Presiding Judgeship of this circuit, where he has long presided with honor to himself and the 
State, therefore 

Resolved, That we do cheerfully bear testimony to the abilit3', fidelity, promptness and impartiality 
with which he has ever discharged his many high and responsible duties as Presiding Judge of this 
Court and as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and that we do sincerely regret that the Judicial re- 
latioiis existing between us will terminate with the present session of this court. 

The reply of Judge Morell to the practicing lawyers was pathetic in a high degree, as 
well as a high testimony to the old bar of Macomb. 



.|i 




ff^^e'-f 




liL^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



THE GRAND JURY AND THE JUDGE. 

After submitting the presentments to the court, the Grcand Jurors re- assembled and 
adoj)ted the following form of address: 

The Grand Jurors of the county of Macomb at the April term of tlie Circuit Court in the year 
1843, having completed their incjuiries in and for said county, would respectfully present that, in com- 
mon with their fellow-citizens of said county, they regret that this term of this court terminates, by 
the expiration of his temi of office, the judicial labors of the Hon. George Morell as the Presiding 
Judge of .said county; that they have long regarded hun with sentiments of sincere esteem and respect: 
and believing that he has ever discharged his judicial duties with impartiality, integrity, firmness and 
ability, they present to the court here this tolven of their continuing esteem and unwavering confidence 
in him. 

Ephriam Calkin, Foreman, Tai.mon H. Gray. 

Alfred Goodell. Henry S. Courter, 

Asa Curtiss, Orasnrts Lathrop, 

Anthony Chortier, D. W, Noyes, 

Wu.LiA.M Stevens, Ciiancey Goodrich, 

Henry Jersey, James Cheney, 

G. W. Summers, Heman Nye, 

Justus R. Crand.vll, John Hicks. 

Jacob Summers. Stew.uw Taylor, Secretary. 

Sanford M. Green, formerly Judge of the Macomb County Circuit Court, was born at 
Grafton, Rensselaer Co., N. Y., May 30, 1807. In 1S37, became to Michigan and located 
lands where is now the village of Owasso. On the resignation of Judge Ransom, in 1848, 
and the transfer of Judge Whipple, Mr. Green was appointed Circuit Judge of the Fourth 
Circuit. He resigned this position in 18(17. In June, 1872, he was appointed Judge of 
the Eighteenth Circuit, to iill vacancy. In 1860. he published a hand-book in the prac- 
tice of the Circuit Cotrrts, and took an active part in the revision of the Statutes of Mich- 
igan. He also puljlished a work on the highway laws of Michigan. 

In the history of St. Clair County, references will be made to Judges Dewey. W. T. 
Mitchell, E. TV. Harris and H. W. Stevens, of this Circuit Court. 

record of admissions to the bar of MACOMB COUNTY. 

Among the early lawyers of the county, or rather those practicing in the County 
Com-ts, were Cornelius GFlj-nn, Alex D. Frazer. R. P. Eldredge, B. F. H. Witherell. O. 
D. Richardson, William A. Fletcher, Charier W. Whipple, Backus. Jacob M. How- 
ard, Thomas Ashley, Ezra Preseott and James F. Joy. 

The record of persons admitted as attorneys and coimselors at law of this (bounty 
shows the following names and dates: 

Ezra Preseott, July 10, 1818; Thomas Ashley, June, 1820; Spencer Coleman, Feb- 
ruary. 1821; George McDougall, February 4, 1823; Jacob M. Howard, July 16. 1833; 
Franklin Sawj-er, Jr., July 10. 1833; James F. Joy, April 12, 1837; Dewitt C. Walker, 
April 12, 1837; Royal P. Grouse, April 13, 1837; Harlehigh Carter, Preseott B. 
Thurston, April 13, 1837; Solomon Lathrop, April 12, 1837; Edward W. Han-is, 
October 12, 1837; H.D. Terrj-, April 11, 1838; Peter S. Palmer, October 17. 1839; John 



i^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



A. Hillis, October 10, 1839; John J. Leonard, October 16, 1839; Abner C. Smith, Octo- 
ber 16. 1839: Amos Dolby, appointed October 28, 1839; H. D. Terry, appointed Decem- 
ber 9, 1839; Amos Dolby, apjjointed April 8, 1839; Richard Butler, appointed October 8, 
1839: R. P. Eklredge, appointed May 13, 1839; James L. Conger, April 15, 1840: C. B. 
H. Fessenden. April 16, 1840: Sylvester Larned, April 4, 1845: Giles Hubbard, April 5, 
1843; Andrew S. Robertson, October 4, 1846: Lafayette L. Jones, October 7, 1851; Per- 
rin Crawford, June 20, 1854; James B. Eldredge, June 15, 1858; Thomas M. Crocker, 
Januaiy 17, 1859; Spencer Coleman, of New York; Dayton Andrews, October 24, 1859; Edgar 
Weeks and Wm. A Lewis, October 17, 1860; Irving D. Hanscom, April 4, 1866; Michael 
Stapleton, October 19, 1867; Wm. Jenney, Jr., June 28, 1867; Spencer B. Russell, Au- 
gust 28, 1868: James Reardon, June 15, 1869; Dwight N. Lowell, June 15, 1869; Will- 
iam M. Connor, October 28, 1869; George M. Crocker, April 12, 1870; Lewis M, Miller, 
November 14, 1871; Franklin S. Abbott, November 14, 1871; Chauncey R. Canfield, Feb- 
ruary 5. 1873; Dewit C. Merriam, February 2, 187.'); Samuel S. Babcook, May 3, 1876; 
Oscar S. Boi-gess, February 17, 1875; Frank C. Lamb, August 3, 1876; Charles G. Con- 
ger, May 2, 1877; Silas B Spier, May 16, 1877; W. E. Leonard, May 20, 1878; Frank 
F. Williams, February 11, 1879; Giles H. Hubbard, May 4, 1880: Addison G. Stone, 
May 4, 1880; William Self ridge, May 4, 1880; Charles H. Hutchin, August 4, 1880 : Mar- 
tin Crocker, August 24, 1880; James G. Tucker, August 24, 1880; Ai-thur L. Sleeper, 
May 10, 1881, 

Anson Bm-lingame, the negotiator of the treaty of that name, and United States Min- 
ister to China, was admitted an attorney at law before the Circuit Court of Macomb 
County. 

Henry B. Hutchins was admitted as an attorney at law on a certificate issued from 
the Law Department of the University of Michigan. 

Arthur L. Canfield was admitted by the Judges of the Supreme Court iluring the 
spring term of 1866, in session at Lansing. 

The following references to the first session of the County Court, to the lawj-ers of 
the period, and to the old court house, weie made by Mr. Weeks, of the present bar, and 
Judge J. B. Eldredge: 

The first court for the trial of causes and the transaction of general business was held 
at Mt. Clemens, at the residence of Christian Clemens, Chief Justice, on the 10th day of 
July, 1818, and was presided over by the Chief Justice and his two Associates, whom we 
have already named in the list of appointments for this county. At this session was ad- 
mitted to practice Ezra Prescott, of New Hampshire, whose appointment to the office of 
Prosecuting Attorney is also recorded in the list above mentioned. 

The first suit mentioned in the records is that of Mitchell and Leo Trombley versus 
Joseph Dupree-, which was an appeal from a Justice's court, involving about $35, and 
which was continued to the next term. This closed the labors of the court for that term. 
Johu Stockton was Clerk. The next term was held at the same place, commencing Feb- 
ruary 1, 1819. The first indictment found by the Grand Jury of this county was for as- 



r:v* 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



sault and battery against John Hurson. The first trial of a cause was at the second term, 
and was the case above mentioned of Trombley and Trombley versus Dupree, in which was 
rendered a verdict liy a jiu-y for the plaintiffs of 126.50. This verdict was rendered by 
the first Petit Jury of which any record is preserved, and their names are as follows: 
Nathan Coggswell, James Thorrington, William Smith, Harren ITnderhill, Ezekiel Allen, 
Levi Blount, James A Claris, Robert Stockton, John Tucker, Benjamin Trombley, John B 
Vernier and Louis Chapaton. The third term of the coiu't was held at the same place 
February 7, 1820. At this session considerable business was transacted; eleven indict- 
ments were found, two of which were against one Henry Cottrell for "contempt of law." 
This is an offense unknown to the books, either of common or stattitory law, though a 
wholesome "contempt of law " has always been entertained by the great mass of the peo- 
ple. 

While the educated legal mind tiu-ns back with a sensation of pride and satisfaction 
through the pages of history in the contemplation of the majestic system of our jurispru- 
dence, and makes the gi-and assertion that "law is the perfection of human reason,'' we 
find here a recorded case of the popular ojiinion that " law is an injustice and a humbug. " 
The record of the next term of the eourb shows that a court house had been built, and 
therein the court sat. This court house was built of logs, and stood for some years on 
the site of the present court house. At this term was admitted to practice as an attorney 
B. F. H. Witherell, who died recently in Detroit, then occupying the bench in that county 
as Circuit Judge. There was at the same time admitted one Spencer Coleman, who pre- 
sented the certificate of Hon. James Kent, Chief Justice of New York (author of Kenfs 
Commentaries), that he (Coleman) was an attorney of that State. We cannot give the date, 
but the fact exists that about this period there was admitted to the bar of Macomb County 
a lawyer whose name and fame have since become familiar to the world. We refer to Anson 
Burlingame, oiu' recent Minister to China, known to all the treaty powers of the world. 
Hon. C. I. Walker, one of the Professors in the Michigan University Law Department, 
was admitted here, as was also the late Cornelius O'Flynn, who died recently in Detroit. 
It was this court that admitted to citizenship Alexander D. Frazer, the oldest member 
of the Michigan bar. 

THE PRESENT BAR. 

The jiresent bar of Macomb County comprises twenty-five lawyers, or one legal ad- 
viser for every 1,264 persons dwelling within the boundaries of the county. The names 
of these gentlemen at law are as follows: 

Robert P. Eldredge, Thomas M. Crocker,> James B. Eldredge, Edgar Weeks, Arthur 
L. Canfield. George M. Crocker, H. B. Hutchins, Sponcer B. Russell. Silas B. Spier. 
William Selfridge, James G. Tucker, Martin Crocker and Franklin P. Montfort, all of 
Mt. Clemens: Ii-ving D. Hanscom, now of Marquette: Dwight N. Lowell, John L. Stark- 
weather, and A. L. Sleeper, of Romeo; Seth K. Shetterly and F. F. Williams, of Utica; 
Lorenzo G. Sperry, of Memphis; William H. Clark, Ji-., and Bert C. Preston, of Armada; 
Joseph Chubb, O. S. Bm-gess and A. G. Stone, of Richmond. 



'i— 



4^ 



idL 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The officers of the Circuit Court iu 18S1 were: Edward W. Harris, Circuit Judge; 
Thomas W. Newton, Sheriff; William L. Dicken, Clerk; Iriving D. Hanscom, Prosecut- 
ing Attorney; William Longstafl" and George Butchler, Constables; F. P. Montfort and 
A. G. Stone; Circuit Com't Commissioners; and J. B. Mcllwain, Stenographer. 

The elections of 1882 resulted in the choice of Hon. H. W. Stevens, of Port Huron, 
for Circuit Judge. 

IMP0RT.\NT TRIALS. 

Among the civil cases brought before the courts of the county, few claimed moi-e im- 
portance than those referred to under this head. These causes are selected on account of 
their historical character, one being on the election of a county officer, one on the privi- 
leges of executors, and one on the rights of a railroad corporation. The first is interest- 
ing to those who would preserve the pm-ity of the ballot box; the second, to those who 
desire to fulfill the wishes of a philanthropist; and the third, very instructive to all who 
love to rely on the justice of a corporation. The first arrests for murder were made by 
Silas Halsey. Sheriff, and Chauucey G. Cady, Deputy, in 1827. near Detroit. The crim- 
inals, named respectively Schneider and Rickett, were supposed to have murdered Donald- 
sou, at the Turnpike Crossing at Salt Eiver. They were confined in the old jail, tried be- 
fore Judge W'oodbridge at Mt. Clemens, and acquitted. 

ELECTIONEERING IN 187:1 

The case of Alonzo M. Keeler versus George W. Robertson, involving the title to the 
office of Registrar of Deeds for Macomb C'ounty, was tried before the June term of the Cir- 
cuit Court, 1873, Judge E. W. Harris presiding. The case for the plaintift' rested mainly on 
the fact that, out of a total of 246 votes cast in Sterling Township, A. M. Keeler was 
credited with fifty-four, while no less than 115 freeholders made affidavit that each of 
them recorded his vote for Keeler. The action, too, of Town Board of Inspectors appears 
to have been of the strangest, if not of the most illegal, character. They counted the 
votes a few times, each coimt resulting in an increasing majority for Mr. Robertson. The 
Coimty Canvassers, on counting the general vote of the county, found that an equal num- 
ber of votes was recorded for each candidate, and resorted to the lottery plan for the pur- 
poses of declaring an election. Mr. Robertson drew the successful slip, ami received the 
certificate of his election from the County Clerk. 

Proceedings on the natiu'e of quo warrnnfo were instituted in the Supreme Coiu-t, 
where issues were framed and ordered to be tried before the Circuit Court of Macomb 
County, which trial resulted in a judgment for Robertson, the finding being said to have 
been directed by Judge Harris. The findings of the jury, etc., etc., were placed before 
the Sujn-eme Court, when the judgment of the Circuit Judge was reversed, and one de- 
claring Mr. Keeler elected, rendered. This celebrated case was conducted by Edgar Weeks, 
assisted by A. B. Maynard and E. W. Meddaugh, on the part of Keeler, while the defense 
was carried out by Robert P. Eldredge, Giles Hubl)ard, A. C. Baldwin and James B. 
I'jl dredge. 



VN 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



THE HATHAWAY ESTATE IMBROGLIO. 

The Hatheway estate imbroglio, wherein Crockett McElroy was complainant, and James 
S. P. Hatheway, Cortez P. Hooker and Ichabod L. Quimby, defendants, began in October, 
1871. 

The lawyers. Edgar Weeks and E. F. Conely, representee^ McElroy; Messrs. Crocker 
and Huchins represented Hooker; and Lyman D. Norris and F. Uhl, of Grand Eapids, 
represented Hatheway and Quimby. The case was continued up to 188(1, when the a])pel- 
lant appealed from the ruling of the Circuit Coiu't here to the Su}jreme Court. The judg- 
ment given in the lower court was contiimed. 

THE AIK-LINE SUIT. 

The litigation between the Michigan Air-Line Railroad Company and IJellens and 
Tackels resulted in a verdict for the railroad company. 

In 1877, the Mellens and Tackels brought an ejectment snit in the Circuit Com't of 
this county against the Michigan Air-Line, claiming title to the depot lands at Eomeo. 
The company then filed a bill in chancery to restrain by injunction the prosecution of that 
suit, and further claiming that the lands in question were purchased by Harvey Mellen, 
John N. Mellen and John Phelps (from whom Tackels derived title), in trust for the Mich- 
igan Air-Line Railroad Company, the gi-antor of the present company, and that Manag- 
ing Director McNaughton, in 1870, delivered to Harvey Mellen township aid bonds to the 
amount of $2,500, in payment of all claims for depot grounds and buildings. The de- 
fendants' answer denied the purchase as alleged, and set up the fact that the lands were 
purchased through an understanding and agreement with J. E. Young that they were to 
procure the land to themselves, and proceed and erect suitable buildings; and that the 
company, within two years, would reimburse them and gi-ant them certain exclusive privi- 
leges for handling gi-ain. Defendants further claimed that the bonds received by Hai-^'ey 
Mellen were not received by him in payment, but simply as an officer of the road to see if 
they could be used in payment of the expenditures made, and that upon the refusal of 
Tackels and John N. Mellen to so accept them, he reported the fact to the Board of Di- 
rectors, and that he would hold the bonds and account for them when the company might 
wish to settle with him for some $4,000 advanced by him (aside from the depot purchase) 
for the construction of the road. The present company thus claimed that the bonds should 
be applied in payment, and the defendants that they had not been so applied. The de- 
fendants further avowed their willingness to deed to the company upon fulfillment of the 
contract as they claimed it to be. " 

The bill for an injunction was argued before the Circuit Court in Februai-y and dis- 
missed. 

The railroad thereupon appealed the case, with result as above stated. The lit- 
igation was a long and expensive one, involving an expenditure of several thousand dol- 
lars on both sides. I. D. Hanscom and E. W. Meddaugh were attorneys for the Air-Line; 
J. B, Eldi-edge. D. N. Lowell and A. B. Maynard, for Tackels et al. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB CO LINT Y. 



THE COnNTY COURT HOUSE. 

Tile history of the establishment of the county seat is already told. That of the livst 
and second houses built for the purposes of public busine.ss has been referred to in the 
able historical address of George M. Crocker. Here it will be only necessary to regard 
the battle between the northern and southern citizens of Macomb — the former seeking a 
relocation of the seat of justice, the latter protesting against such a relocation. On 
February 20, 1879, the Supervisors intimated that the board would receive the petition of 
the people of Romeo. This document was presented by Irving D. Hanscom. It was 
signed b\' Harvey Mellen and 12fi others, under date Romeo, February 24, ISTU. and was 
couched in the following terms: 

Ti> the Honorable Board of Supervisors of tlie county of Macomb: Your petitioners hereto 
ri'spcctfully represent that tliey are citizens and taxpayers of said county of Macomb, and recognize 
the expediency of having a new com't house and jail for the use of this' county. They further repre- 
sent that the citizens of Rom'io and vicinity have subscribed upward of $:M,000 as a free gift to the 
county if county .seat shall be located at said village of Romeo. Thereby relieving the inhabitants of 
the county from the imposition of a heavy tax for the erection of said buildings. 

Your petitioners further represent that the full sum of |30.()0() has been guaranteed to be paid 
according to the terms of said subscription and at the time therein specified, by wealthy citizens of 
Romeo, representing a capital of, at least, $,500,000, your petitioners would therefore iu consideration 
of the premises, respectfuUj- petition and ask your honorable Ijody to submit the question of removal of 
the county seat of Macomb County from the village of Mount Clemens to the village of Romeo at the 
next annual township meeting to be held in the several townships of the county to a vote of the quali- 
Jied electors of said county and your petitioners will ever pray, etc. 

Supervisor Nimms then moved the following resohttion: 

'-^ Whereas, Certain citizens of the county of Macomb, of the village of Romeo and vicinity in 
said county, being desirous of procuring a removal of the county seat of said county to the said village 
of Romeo, have by subscription promised to pay to the said county the several sums therein subscribed 
by them, and aggregating the sum of more than .|30,000. provitled said county seat shall be removed to 
the village of Romeo as stated iu said subscription. 

Where.\s, Certain citizens of Romeo and vicinity, in order to insure to said county the prompt 
payment of said above-mentioned subscription to the amount of |30,000 provided said county seat of 
said county shall be removed to the village of Romeo, have signed an obligation b}' which obligation 
guarantee the payment of fSO.OOO of said subscription to said county as stated in said obligation. 
Therefore 

Re.iolped. That the Board of Suiiervisors of said count}' deem it expedient, in view of all the cir- 
cumstances, to accept such subscription and oliligation of guarantee, and do hereby accept the same for 
the purpose therein stated. 

Resolned, That the county .seat of said Macomb County be removed from the village of Mount 
Clemens to the village of Romeo in said count}-. 

Mr. GofE moved the resolutions be adopted, which was lost by yeas and nays as follows: 
^, Ayes— Messrs. Coyer, Ayers, Bennet, Xye, Goff, Murphy anil Nimms. 

Nays— Messrs. Farrar. Parker, Dedenback. Teats, Stewart. Perkins and Lefever. 

The character of that memorable meeting of the Supervisors' Board of Macomb 
County is outlined in the following telegram to the papers of the State, dispatched about 
the time Mi\ Mavnard, of Romeo, entered on his argument in favor of relocation: 



> ""y 



•♦ 



A 

±J^ ^ -» ^b>, 

HISTORY OF MACOMB COUKTY. 451 

" At 9 o'clock this morning, every Supervisor was in his seat, and in less than twenty 
mimites the coui-t house was jammed full of citizens and Romeo's representatives and 
lobbyists, to see the court house removal tight. The proposition of the Romeo people was 
presented to the board by I. D. Hanscom. They want the Supervisors to vote to have 
the coimty seat removed to Romeo, and then submit it to the people at their spring elec- 
tion. On motion, the legal gentlemen were invited to address the board. A. B. Maynard, 
for Romeo, made the opening speech, and asked for the closing speech. Granted. He 
was followed by T. M. Crocker, J. B. Eldridge, Edgar Weeks, William M. Campbell and 
, H. H. Cady for Mt. Clemens. Campbell said: ' Lay aside yom- $30,000 and submit the 
question to the people without a gift and see if they demand a removal.' Also that 
' Romeo was not willing to shake the dice in a fair way, but came down here with loaded 
dice.' Maynard commences his closing speech at 1:30. after which a vote will probably 
be reached. The excitement here is intense." 

The board at length voted the question; the gift of Mt. Clemens and the $5,000 con- 
tribution of the citizens were accepted, and as a result, the corner-stone of the maguilicent 
building known now as the new county com-t house was laid October 21, 1880. 

MEETING OF ROMEO CITIZENS. 

A citizens' meeting was held at Gray's Opera House, Romeo, January 11, 1879. I. 
D. Hanscom was called to the chair, and D. N. Lowell was elected Secretary. The object 
of the meeting being merely to get matters in shape for the raising of the $30,000 prom- 
ised for the erection of new county buildings should the county seat be removed to Romeo, 
a working committee to solicit subscriptions was appointed at once. The following gen- 
tlemen were selected: Harvey Mellen, J. Mahaflfy, H. H. Spencer, of Ai-mada; E. S. 
Snover. Charles Fillmore. F. S. Crisman, J. T. Robinson, W. W. Andrus. Samuel Cooley, 
Ira Killam. Hon. A. B. Maynard, being present, adch'essed the meeting briefly, explain- 
ing the object and purposes of the citizens of Romeo in the matter under consideration. 
He asserted what all ought to undei-stand, that in this movement there is not the slightest 
feeling against Mt. Clemens; that Romeo is simply exercising undoubted and unquestioned 
right, in a business point of view; if she succeeds, all right; if she fails, there is no harm 
done. Ml'. Maynard spoke about ten minutes, and his remarks were evidently well received. 
Although no eftbrt was made at this meeting in the way of subscriptions, voluntary sub- 
scriptions to the amount of S6,000 were recorded. The following gentlemen signed the 
roll: J. H. Brabb, $1,000; Henry Stephens, $1,000; A. B. Maynard, $1,000; Harvey 
Mellen, $1,000; James Gray, $1,000; Hugh (X Gray, $1,000. 

Subsequently, other citizens followed the example of the original signers, and within 
a short time the entire sum of $30,000 was forthcoming. 

LOGIC OF THE CONSEEV.iTIVES. 

Before passing away from this subject, it may not be out of place to give a re- 
view of the situation, previous to the day on which the Supervisors' Board resolved 



-K 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



to maintain the spat of justice at Mt. Clemens. A contributor to the Mt. Clemens Presn 
said: 

''A proposition to move the county seat of this county has been sprung by certain 
persons in Romeo, and a great deal of discussion is going on, many meetings being held 
and large subscriptions of money talked about, until many people are found who already 
look upon the removal as an accomplished fact. We propose to discuss the question fairly, 
and show whv the present location should be retained; why it would be impolitic and im- 
practicable to designate Romeo as the future seat of our county government. 

In the first place, the present excitement originated in a proposition, submitted at the 
October session of the Board of Supervisors, to build a new county jail. This proposition 
was made by Supervisor Farrar, of Clinton. It is a fact which may as well be conceded 
at once that Macomb County ought to have a new jail. The present structure is without 
one redeeming featui-e, and is a disgrace to the county. Immediately upon this proposi- 
tion being submitted, there arose a great howl in certain quarters of the county about 
the biu'den of expense this would impose upon the tax-ridden people of this county. The 
howl was the opening chorus of the grand concert we are now being treated with. A de- 
cent and suitable jail can be erected for about $6,000, and it is easy to figure upon the 
basis of equalization adopted at the October session of the board what this will add to the 
burden of individual tax-payers of the county. The whole taxable property of the county 
was estimated at $6,258,000. And the figures show that if each tax-payer of the county 
is assessed 10 cents on each $100 of his assessed valuation, the sum of $6,258 is realized 
— an amount sufficient to build a good jail and suitable Sheriff's residence. Now, sup- 
pose a system of public buildings be built at a cost of only $30,000. on the same basis 
this would add 48 cents on every $100 assessed valuation. Thehistoi'v of our county seat 
shows that this is the third or fourth time this "tempest in a teapot "' has raged, and we 
believe, when the subject is carefully considered, it will end now as it always has hereto- 
fore. Mt. Clemens is the oldest settlement in the county, and, as the saying is, 'all roads 
lead to Rome,' so all roads in Macomb County lead to Mt, Clemens. Examine the map 
of the county and it will be easy to see that the systemjof roads and the location of the 
Grand Trunk Railway favors this as the most central point in the county. 

The village of Mt. Clemens lies within six miles of the geographical center of the 
county. We call the corner of Section 15, 16. 21 and 22 of the town of Macomb the geo- 
graphical center of the county. It is accessiljle by railway communication with the most 
populous jiart of the towns of Richmond, Lenox, Chesterfield and Erin, and accessible by 
good roads at all times with Erin, Warren. Harrison, Macomb, Chesterfield, Sterling, 
Shelby and Clinton, as well as every other town in the county. For the piu'poses of 
illustrating the grounds we take, we grouji the towns of the center as follows: As inter- 
ested in retaining the county seat at Mt. Clemens, Lenox, Chesterfield, Macomb. Clinton, 
Sterling, Harrison, Erin and Wai'ren. As favorable (because of geography simply) to 
Romeo, we take Bruce, Washington, Ai-mada, Ray, Shelby and Richmond. We give the 
population of these townships according to the census of 1870: 



r^ 



l±^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Clinton 5,358 

Macomb I,8it5 

Harrison 605 

Erin '2,466 

Warren 1.938 

Sterling 1,.549 

Lenox 2,547 



Chesterfield 2.175 

Armada 2,215 

Bruce 2,145 

Wa.shington 2,057 

Ray 1,555 

Richmond 2,566 

Shelby 1.695 



Total 30,676 

This shows that iu the group we assume as interested in the county seat remaining 
at Mt. Clemens there was in 1870 an excess of population over the other group of 6,210. 

Now, it is well understood that population has been rapidly increasing in the group 
of towns fii'st given, while in the other towns population is not rapidly increasing. And 
it is shown by the foregoing census table that the excess of population is equal to the 
population of a good-sized eonnty. We take the same group of towns to show the fact 
in regard to comparative wealth. The equalization of the Board of Supervisors of October, 
1878, is as follows: 

1360.000 Leno.v |3."w,000 

760,000 Armada 44.5,000 

98,000 Bruce 660,000 

295,000 Washington 705,000 

345,000 Ray 370,000 

410,000 Richmond 445,000 

Shelljy 340,000 



Macomb . . . . 

Clinton 

Harrison. . . . 

Erin 

Warren 

Chesterfield. 



Sterling 340,000 

Total .f 6.028.000 

Here the figures show that the excess of valuations fixed by the Supervisors is 
$98,000. We take the same grouping of towns to illustrate still further. In the equal- 
ization of county taxes at the last October session of the Supervisors, the following 
figiu'es were made: 



Clinton $2,8.53 95 

Macomb 1,3.51 87 

Harrison 368 00 

Erin 1,483 30 

Warren 1.295 .54 

Sterling 1.276 77 

Chesterfield 1..539 63 



Lenox i^i.Hm 09 

Armada 1,671 06 

Bruce 1,8.53 95 

Washington 2,8.53 95 

Ray 1,389 43 

Richmond 1,671 06 

Shelln- 1,764 95 



Total 124.706 55 

Showing an excess of taxes paid for county piu-poses by the group which are claimed 
would be most interested in retaining the county seat, though the excess is small. 
The foregoing tigiwes are important to consider in connection with the erection of county 
buildings, providing it is done by public tax. 

The great cry, however, of those who advocate a removal to Romeo is that Komeo 
people will donate §30,000 for this purpose. Mt. Clemens has not yet been heard from 



^^ 



iiL^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



on that subject, nor do we think it necessary to play any game of bluff of that kind. 
When the time comes, this part of the county will be found ready to do all that is just and 
right. We are considering the question of removal with reference to the public conven- 
ience, and we again assert that no point in the county will accommodate so well the ma- 
jority of our population as Mt. Clemens. 

When we come to consider the coat of new buildings which are to cost say 130,000; 
then when we show that every tax-payer who pays on $100 valuation will have just 48 
cents added to this amount, and when we consider that those who pay |10 valuation will 
have to pay jvist 4/|j cents, additional, we demonstrate to a large majority of the tax- 
payers of this county that there is a ' great cry over a very little wool ' on the subject of 
expense and taxation, and that the expense would be far more than offset by the incon- 
venience of removal to a large majority of the people of the county. Don't forget that 
4/^ cents on every |10 of assessed valuation will raise 130,138.40 for county buildings. 
A set of men representing $6,258,000 assessed valuation, which is only about one- 
fourth of the actual value, should not stop one moment to consider a proposition, or ask 
that a few private citizens should contribute from their own private purses a sum sufficient 
to erect buildings for the use of as wealthy a county as Macomb, and we look upon a pro- 
position of that kind as a direct insult to the board of and the inhabitants of one of the 
wealthiest counties of the State — a coimty which has not built a public building in 
twenty-five years, except a county poor house, which was inexpensive, and that, too, some 
ten or twelve years ago. ' ' 

The arguments brought forward by the people of Romeo and adjoining townships 
were very forcible and clear; yet they did not prevail; the representatives of the northern 
townships were destined to lose all chance of obtaining for many years — perhaps forever 
— the boon for which they struggled so earnestly; yet they won for the county a sum of 
$20,000 from the citizens of Mt. Clemens. 

LAYING THE OOENEK STONE. 

October 21, 1880, was a day that will be long i-emembered in Mount Clemens, and 
that will adorn one of the brightest pages of her history. The elements that all the week 
have been inauspicious, forgot their anger Thursday morning, and gave a bright and 
gentle October day, well adapted indeed for the great event of that day, the laying of the 
corner stone of Macomb County's new court house. The enterprising and patriotic citi- 
zens, more particularly the business men, had a full appreciation of what was required of 
them, and early in the moi-ning the court house scjuare and Pearl street were gay with 
decorations. Bunting and dags adorned the front of every business house, and swayed 
across the streets. Peoj^le began entering town at 9 o'clock, coming on trains, in car- 
riages and wagons, and when the ceremony took place there were between two and three 
thousand strangers in the city. Grand Master McGrath came up on the early train, at- 
tended by different members of the Grand Lodge, and the Port Huron band arrived at the 
same time. The music furnished was of the highest order. The beautiful melodies were 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COU>"TY. 



rendered to the great delight nf the large concoursB, aud withal were generously dispensed. 
The band played almost incessantly the whole day through. The Monitor counts itself 
among the fortunate ones that were honored with an esjiecial serenade. The arrangements 
of the day, in the hands of the Masons, were without fault, and progressed without unto- 
ward happening to a successful consummation. 

At 12 o'clock the Grand Lodge, the Supervisors, the Council, and Mount Clemens 
Lodge, assembled in the opera house. They formed, and with the baud at their head. 
iiOok up the line of march. The order of the procession was as follows: 
[' 3 Baud; Grand Sword Bearer, with drawn sword; Grand Standard Bearer; Grand Mas- 
ter, supported by two Grand Deacons, with black rods: Grand Pursuivant; a Past Master, 
carrying the Book of Constitutions; Deputy Graud Master, carrying the golden vessel with 
corn; Senior Grand Warden, carrying the silver vessel with wine; Junior Grand Warden, 
carrying the silver vessel withoil;'Bible, Square and Compass, carried by a Master of a lodge, 
supported by two Stewards, with white rods; Grand Chaplain; (Irand Treasurer; Grand 
Secretary; Grand Architect and assistants, with Square, Level and Plumb; Grand Stew- 
ards, with white rods; Grand Tiler, with drawn sword; Mount Clemens Lodge, No. 6, in 
reverse order; members of Board of Supevisors; members of Common Council. 

The pageant moved slowly round the square, and stojjped at the southwest corner 
of the building, where the ceremony began. When all were disposed upon the jjlatform, 
the Graud Master rapped silence. Hon. George M. Crocker, the Mayor, then advanced 
aud addressed the large assembly. 

HISTORICAL ADDRESS, BY MAYOR G. M. CROOKER. 

We are met together upon this occasion for the purpose of witnessing the ceremony of 
the laying of the corner-stone of our new court house. A mere ceremony, it is true, yet it is 
a ceremony that is fraught with interest and importance to the whole people of Macomb 
County, and particularly to the citizens of Mt. Clemens — a ceremony that probably not 
one of us alive to-day will ever witness again. 

The spot of ground upon which we are assembled to-day is sacred ground — sacred 
because it is more intimately connected with the past 3nd present history of our county 
than any other spot within its limits. It has, in fact, more of a history itself. 

The history of this spot of ground commences with the title page of the history of 
Macomb County — away back in the dim past, when Mt. Clemens was but a straggling 
hamlet upon the banks of the river Huron; when all of the surrounding country was a 
trackless wilderness; when there were but few cabins here and there; when Detroit her- 
self, now Michigan's pride, was but a mere village; when the only neighbors Mt. Clemens 
had were the Indian settlements on the north and east, and Detroit on the south ; when 
the only means the settlers had of getting to Detroit was by the batteaux that slowly crept 
down the crooked river, and thence through Lake St. Clair — or to follow the trail along 
the river bank to the shore of the lake and thence along its margin: when the only trade 
worthy of mention was the fiu' trade. 






456 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

Then it was that the hardy pioneers of that day, a race of strong, determined men 
— men who came here determined to subdue the difficulties that surrounded them, met to- 
gether and resolved that they must have a forum where disputes should be legally settled, 
and the rights of themselves and their descendants maintained and kept inviolate —and 
this was the spot then selected. 

On the first page of Liber "A"' of deeds, in the Register's office, the first book of 
rejDrds, you will find a deal of this spot of land from Christian Clemens, the founder of 
Mt. Clemens. This deed ran to the Governor, not of the State of Michigan, but of the 
Territory of Michigan, in trust for Macomb County. The main consideration in the deed 
is that the court house be located here, upon this spot; the date of that deed is March 10, 
1818. History tells us that Maj. Gen. Macomb, after whom this county was named, se- 
lected and designated this as the spot where the Hall of Justice should be located — and 
here ever since that time has Justice had her seat. It is true that the justice of that day 
was a crude and primitive justice, yet it was rugged justice. It is true that you find the 
courts of those days solemnly determining that " Christian Clemens, their Chief Justice, 
had the ability to keep a tavern, and that he be granted leave to keep a tavern in his res- 
idence for one year." It is true that you will find in their records indictments for assault 
and battery against some of the lawyers and officers of the court: I had almost said against 
the court itself. It is true that you do not find the voluminous, lengthy records and files 
of the courts of to-day, true that you could almost put the journal of the court in your 
pocket; yet, my friends, all these things were but the natm'al incidents of the times. 
And no man can sit down and read over those old records candidly, and fail to see that 
they ever honestly aimed at the right, and they almost invariably hit the bird in the eye. 

My friends — all roads lead to the coiu-t house. Here, since 1818, have the people 
come fi-om every nook and corner of the county to settle their disputes. Here have they 
sat and listened to the trials, and anxiously waited for the verdict. Here have been pre- 
served the evidences of the titles of the people to their houses. Here have been admitted, 
and here have pleaded a galaxy of lawyers that made the bar of Macomb County the peer 
of any in the State. Here, in da^'s gone by, have come as applicants for admission to 
the bar a number of young men from other places, who subsequently carved out for them- 
selves brilliant records as lawyers, and some of them have written their names upon the 
enduring pages of their country" s history. Upon this spot of ground has been, to a certain 
extent, the index of our county's prosperity; a gauge telling of our advancement before 
the days of steam and electricity, before the days even of highways, when the people 
chiefly lived in cabins, when the face of the county showed little else but forests and 
marshes. Then the log court house was here. 

In 1840, when the county began to be partially cleared up, and the inhabitants 
had more comfortable dwellings, then the old log court house gave way to one of brick, 
which, at the time of its construction, was deemed good enough to meet the demands of a 
future age. 

And now, here in 1881, when our county has grown rich, and fairly teems with fer- 



l\^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tility. and abounds with good buildings and finely cultivated farms, we are erecting this, 
our new coui-t house, which, though elegant in appearance, solid and firm in structure, is 
not out of keeping with the steady current of our advancement. And while we are glad 
in our prosperity, while we are justly proud of our present strength, and are strongly con- 
fident of future growth and progress, while we are to-day looking forward to a futui'e that 
bids fair to be golden, let us not fail to stop, reverently uncover our heads, look back and 
remember with gratitude, those who were here before us — those who struggled to transmit 
oui' present blessings to us. 

And it is but fit and proper that I should read to you from the history written forty 
years ago, and kept, until recently, in the safe and solid confines of the corner stone of 
the coiu't house of 1840. Kept by a solid custodian that, after having been itself a sup- 
port for forty years of the second coiu't house, to-day is placed in this, the chief corner 
of our third court house, and forms a part of its solid masonry, and unites the age of 
1840 with that of 1880. 

The record says that the court house was built May 12. 1840; that the contractor 
was T. P. Castle; the mason, William Phelps. 'That the village of Mt. Clemens was 
tii-st settled by Jiulge Clemens, in the year of oui- Lord 1805. The first plat was made 
by Mayor Cien. Macomb, in the year 1818. At that time Lewis Cass was Governor of the 
Territory of Michigan. Gen. Macomb selected this spot as the location of the court house 
for this county. Christian Clemens was the first Judge appointed for the county of Ma- 
comb, and presided as such Judge for foiu'teen yeai's. He was a native of Philadelphia, 
in the State of Pennsylvania, and is now the greatest land-owner of the village. His age 
is seventy years, and he is now present at the laying of the corner-stone of this building.' 

A business directory, deposited at that time, tells us that the following wei'e the 
business men of that day: 

Attorneys— R. P. Eldredge, Richard Butler, A. C. Smith, H. D. Terry, P. B. Thurs- 
ton, and J. J. Leonard; blacksmiths — D. Chandler, George Dixon, J. & S. Parks; tailors 
— William Roy, and J. & C. Williams; cabinet makers — C. Spaulding, William G. Page; 
physicians — Henry Taylor, George Lee, Jr., Philo Tillson, Ebenezer Hall; merchants — 
H. M. Dodge, -Tohn Stevens, Porter Kibbe, Eastman & Gallup, Hall & Grovier, Green & 
Freeman; grocers — John Conner, M. Stapleton, V. Maynard; inn-keep)ers — Joseph Hub- 
bard, Alfred Ashley, Jabez Hammond, Silas Hblsey; glass manufacturers — Hall & Grovier; 
shoemakers — William Lewis, J. & S. Dixon, E. L. Atkinson; wagon-makers — C. N. Mather, 

Crittenden; printers — T. M. Perry, J. Ingersoll; Treasm-er — H. M. Dodge; 

Coroner — William Lewis; Postmaster — A. C. Smith; Justices — John Stockton, P. B. 
Thm'ston; Presbyterian pastor — Rev. C. Dudley; Chui-ches — Presbyterian, Methodist, one 
Baptist Society. 

My friends, since that record was made. Time, the change-maker, has not been idle. 
Chi'istian Clemens, who was more closely and prominently allied with the interests of Ma- 
comb County than any man of his time, whose generous heart swelled with gratitude and 
emotion as he witnessed the laying of the corner-stone of the building that marked another 



;^ 



HISTOUY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



epoch in the prosperity of the community — a prosperity that he labored so hard to secure 
— has gone from you. He has long since solved the grand question. Where are the 
lawyers mentioned in that record? The voices of the versatile and eloquent Terry and the 
rugged John J. Leonard are hushed in death. All of the others are dead except R. P. 
Eldi-edge and Richard Butler, who are not in practice to-day. Where are the physicians 
of that day? They are all dead except Philo Tillson, who is now a venerable resident of 
Romeo. None of the merchants mentioned, in that record are in business here: most of 
them are dead, and those that are alive live elsewhere. 

And in fact, most of the business men mentioned in that directory have crossed the 
dark and silent river. A majority of those who are now living with us have retired from 
the strife of active life, and are now sitting in easy places, the cradle of reposing age be- 
ing rocked by hands that then were baby hands. Only two of the men now living with us 
whose names are upon that record ai"e to-day pursuing the same avocations they were pur- 
suing flirty years ago. The one is our neighbor, D. C. Williams, a tailor, who still plies 
the needle and handles the shears. The other is William Phelps, then recoi'ded as mason 
of that building, and to-day the ring of his trowel' may be heard ujson this building, 
keeping perfect time' with the trowels of those who are his juniors by at least forty years. 

My friends, while we pause and realize that our county has greatly changed, and 
that a new lot of men have by the force of crowding events come to the front, and now 
carry on and administer the business duties of life, let us not lose sight of the fact that 
soon we all will, by a new, young and ever onward pressing life and by the ravages of 
time, be forced into oblivion, and that these places that now know us so well shall know 
us no more forever. The action of Mt. Clemens and her near neighbors in building this 
court house is no new thing. This duty seems to have been linked with the blessings to- 
day enjoyed, and to have been transmitted to us by the regular line of descent. It is as- 
serted by those who were here forty years ago, and the assertion I have not heard seriously 
denied, that the second court house was built by Mt. Clemens and vicinity, and that the 
building, like this, was but a monument upon the old spot telling to the world the unan- 
imity of feeling between Mt. Clemens and her neighbors, telling of the sacrifices which 
'Mt. Clemens and her friends had made and are still making to keep the Hall of Justice 
upon the old, time honored spot. 

It is not my pui'pose to enter into the details of the struggle in relation to that 
building. Those things are of the ]:)aHt. But I can say for the peoi)le of Mt. Clemens 
that they do not cherish any feelings of animosity toward their neighboring sister for en- 
deavoring to get this building located there. We recognize that in doing that Romeo did 
nothing but to make an honest endeavor to protect her own interests. We do not forget 
that Romeo is our sister, and we rejoice in her solidity and prosperity. We remember 
the fact that we are all but parts of one common and prosperous county, and we never 
can forget the kindly and generous treatment that we received at the hands of the Super- 
visor who lives within the limits of Romeo; and I know T but faintly echo the feeling of 
the people when I say that we hope and trust the most amicable and friendly relations 



w 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



may ever exist between the two towns. And to you, the members of the Board of Super- 
visors, I desire to publicly say that the city thanks you for the straightforward, upright 
and coiu-teous line of conduct you have displayed toward us. and we particularly thank 
you for your generosity in assuming the responsibility of paying the architect and super- 
intendent of this building. 

To the friends and neighbors of Mt. Clemens, whohave come to om- assistance, who 
donated $5,000 to be used in the construction of this building, I desire to here publicly 
on the part of Mt. Clemens, thank you for your generosity. We have caused every name 
you have signed to be copied, and propose to have this list deposited in this 8tone,:so that 
in the far-off futm-e, when a sm'ging progress shall force this stone from its bed of mortar, 
and this list shall come to light again, your descendants can see and read the names of 
the persons who recognized that we were all united by one common interest, that the pros- 
perity of one was the prosperity of another, and that the lines of oiu- incorporation were but 
imaginary. And now to you, the Grand Master of the Masonic Fraternity of the State of Mich- 
igan, the chief executor of a brotherhood that is almost as ancient as the ceremonj' of lay- 
ing corner stones, I renew the request heretofore made on the part of the city, " That you 
will lay this corner stone according to the customs and usages of your ancient order.'' 

Following came a prayer by the Grand Chaplain, and then a list of the articles placed 
in the stone was read. It ran as follows: 

1. Proposition of city of Mt. Clemens to build court bouse, and vote of Council 



thereon. 

2. Resolution and vote of Board of Supervisors accepting proposition of Mt. Clemens. 

3. Vote upon the proj)osition by the city electors April 5, 1880. 

4. Memorandum of bonds issued by the city for the payment of the $20,000 voted by 
the city. 

5. Vote of Council and Board of Supervisors accepting plans and specifications of 
N. J. Gibbs, architect, and date of contract with builders. 

6. List of names of persons who subscribed money toward the $5,000 raised over 
and above the .$20,000 voted by the city. 

7. List of the business men and firms now doing liusiness in the city. 

8. Names of the present Board of Aldermen and officers of the city, 
y. Names of present members of Board of Supervisors. 

10. One copy of Detroit Daily Post and Tribune. 

11. One copy of Detroit Daily Free Press. 

12. One copy of Mt. Clemens Pces.s. 

13. One copy of Mt. Clemens MonHor. " 

14. One copy of RoTneo Obserrer. 

15. One copy of Mt. Clemens Republican. 

IH. List of officers and membei's of Ladies' Literary Society. 

17. List of officers and members of Mt. Clemens Lodge, F. & A. M. 

18. List of officers and members of Grand Lodge. 



4 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



19. List of officers and members of Odd Fellows Lodge. 

'20. Ijist of oificers and members of the German Working Men's Society. 

21. Programme of day's proceedings. 

22. Proceedings of Grand Lodge F. &A. M. of Michigan, and Grand Chapter, 1880. 
28. Memorial of the Juvenile Templars. 

24. One copy of Romeo Democrat. 

25. One copy of Detroit Evening New.t. 

2(). Old coin taken from corner stone of old court house, dated 1781. 

The striking ceremony proceeded in regular form until its close. The acts of the 
Grand Officers, with the responses of the craft, the music and sm'ronndings served to con- 
stitute an interesting and impressive service. It was entirely new to many of the audience 
Upon its conclusion came an addi-ess by tho Grand Master. This, a brief history of Ma- 
sonry, its accomplishments and aims, was an eloquent and masterly effort. 

A Masonic ode followed, and then the benediction, which signaled the end. The crowd 
dispersed. The Masons with their guests again assembled in the Opera House. Here they 
formed, and took up the march to the Avery House, where dinner was served. Fully 200 
took seats in the splendid dining room of the hotel, and a fine collation awaited them. 
The banquet occupied more than an hour, and consisted of six com'ses. Many of the visit- 
ors were in the house for the first time, and were surprised by its size and beauty. The 
dance at the Opera House the same evening was a great success. It was, with one excep- 
tion, the lai-gest party of its kind held in Mt. Clemens. ' 

The Committee on Appropriations reported in favor of allowing the architect of the 
court house 11,000 for his plans, and for superinteading the work, of which amount $750 
should be paid at once. The total cost of the building and fiu-niture cannot be much be- 
low the sum of 152,000. The work has been performed well, and another beautiful ad- 
dition to the public buildings of the State was formally opened in November, 1881. 

The members of the Court House Building Committee were Charles Ulrich, John 
Otto and E. W. Lewis, representing the Common Council of Mt. Clemens City, and 
James Ayi'es, L. H. Cantield and Thomas Dawson, rejiresenting the Supervisors' Board. 
The Committee organized by appointing James Ayres, Chairman, and John Otto, Clerk. 
June 18, 1880. The Clerk was excused from acting on Committee July 7, 1880, and 
Thomas Dawson was appointed Secretary. This Committee continues to act at date of 
writing, and will i-eport when the building and furnishing are reported complete. 



THE COUNTY JAIL. 

Reference has been made, in Mayor Crocker's address, to the old county jail. This 
relic is in existence yet; and, as described in the following letter, must be a terrible place for 
habitation: ''As we entered the vault (it deserves no better name), a damp, sickening smell 
weighed down the atmosphere, and the chilly air fairly penetrated one to the marrow. 
The main apartment of the jail runs the entire length of the building, and even then it is 
hardly large enough to dance a French fom' in. This room, in which the prisoners are 




''-*'<^: 










HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



allowed to stay during the day and hug the stove in order to keep from freezing, is flanked 
on either side by a row of cells. There are five in all, foui' of them being about 6x8 feet 
in size, the other probably 7x12. In each cell there are a few boards thrown together, 
which answer for beds. In the larger cell there are two of these luxurious couches. Be- 
sides the cells there are two small cubby-holes, one of which is used for a wood room, and 
the other for a water closet, and a jslace to stow away ashes. The walls were all reeking 
with dampness, and in one of the cells a coating of ice covered the floor, the water from 
which it was formed having oozed out from the side of the building. There is not a win- 
dow in the entire structure to admit light to the inmates, and consecj^uently they are com- 
pelled to remain in utter darkness, except when the iron door which closes over the grat- 
ing at the entrance is thrown open. The only places for ventilation, discernible to the 
naked eye, is a small hole in the ceiling of each cell about the size of the muzzle of a shot 
gun — not large enough, to tell the truth, to carry off the odor of a rose leaf." 

.4. man from Armada sojourned there for a short time. On returning home, one of his 
neighbors asked him how he got out. "'Why." replied the es-prisoner, "the craik in 
the wall was so large, I fell out. " 

The county tolerated this building for almost half a century. In 1880, the people 
determined to build a new jail, and consequently voted $10,000 for that purpose. The ques- 
tion was submitted to the people in March, 1881, when the following vote was recorded 
for and against such an outlay for such a purpose; 



Mount Clemens filW 

Sterling 14.") 

Warren '306 

Erin 30.i 

Clinton 284 

Harrison 98 

Macoml) 186 

Chesterfield 206 



Ray 15 

83 Shelby 64 

40 Richmond 126 

■"> Washington 6 

4 Bruce 3 

Armada 43 

88 Lenox 33 



Ag'st 

270 
222 
193 
341 
397 
249 
373 



Totals 2,342 



^ 



The majority in favor of this project was only IBH. 

This vote cannot be taken as the true voice of the people of Macomb. In fact, tue 
large number who voted against the project were animated with a desire to show their 
dissatisfaction with the action of the Supervisors' Board in not showing a willingness to 
submit the (juestion of relocating the county seat to the people. Immediately after the 
voice of the poople declared itself favorable, plans and specifications were called for, and 
the bttilding contracts made. 

The jail, as designed by Mr. Gibbs, is a very handsome and substantial structure, 
and will be built to harmonize with the court house. In general, it will be constructed 
after the ideas of the Committee. It will consist of two parts, the dwelling and 
the jail proper, the latter being toward the river. The dwelling faces on Front 
street, and will have a frontage of forty-two feet. The measurement from front to rear is 
29 



5 v^ 



fe^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



thirty feet. The dimensions of the jail part will be 30x32. The dwelling will have two 
stories and a basement. The basement will have two cellars, kitchen and dining room, 
and one bedioom. On the first floor will be the Sheriff's office, parlor, sitting-room and 
one bedroom. On the second floor will be foiu- chambers, a bath-room, closet, etc. 
Height of ceilings, ten feet. The jail part, on account of the slope of the gi-onnd, will 
have three stories, taken up with cells, of which there will be room for eighteen. 

A Biiilding Committee, consisting of Supervisors Thomas Dawson, William E. Hall and 
Harvey Mellen, was appointed, April 25, 1881. This Committee organized with Harvey 
Mellen, President, and Thomas Dawson, Secretary. This Committee made a first inspec- 
tion of the builder's work September 1"2, 1881, and continue up to the present time to ex- 
ercise a careful supervision over the work. The cost of the building, etc., maybe set down 
at $11,000, This Committee reported finally in Mai'ch, 1882. 



CHAPTER XXV. 

COUNTY FINANCE.S AND .ST.VTISTICS. 

There is no more certain index to the condition of a Free State than its public ac- 
coimts. So it is with any portion of the State where the people manage their own affairs, 
for, as a general rule, the governing board of a county exercises sound judgment, and is 
always slow to authorize any outlay which is not justified by necessity, or which does not 
give promise of future profit. The annual exhibit of the Coiinty Treasurer is a safe basis 
on which to rest a review of the financial condition of the county; but to realize its de- 
velopment, the retm-us of Assessors have to be considered. The tabulation of the sums 
resulting annually from taxation is of little consequence beyond the chance it oflers the 
curious of ascertaining the amount of money contributed directly by the people for the 
purpose of County, State and General Government. The indirect taxation accruing to the 
General Government is much more extensive than our direct county taxes; but the possi- 
bility of obtaining reliable figures in this regard is so far removed that the subject could 
only be treated in a speculative manner. Therefore, the reader must be content with a 
knowledge of what is certain, viz. : That the citizens of the United States, directly and 
indirectly, pay as mu',h as should render the General Government, State Government and 
local Government as great as the principles of pure and simple Republicanism require 
them to be, and which they are not; as mindful in guarding and honoring the legacy 
which the fathers of the Revolution left us as it should be honored, and as it is not; as 
paternal in character, and as solicitous for the public good as a Republican Government 
ought to be, and which it is not. It is considered that the Republic under which we live 
is the most liberal, the one alone under which man has attained his level in the universe, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



and the nearest approach to perfect government known to the civilization of our day. To 
make it what it is capable of being made, and to surround it with that halo of truth and 
honesty which alone should pertain to a Republic, is all that is required. Official perhdy 
should be stigmatized, and the guilty never allowed to escape, but punished, not nomi- 
nally, but severely; for he who would prove unfaithful in an office bestowed by a free 
people deserves chains, not liberty — a refuge among slaves rather than a home among 
freemen. 

TOWNS AND VILLAGES. 

POPULATION 1S.50. 
Whit... Ci'loved. Wliite. f'olorel. 

Armada. Armada Village 1.14.5 1 Ma<'onili 744 13 

Bruce 1.5.54 1 Hay 1,232 

Clie.sU'riield !»»5 7 Richmond. Memphis 1,000 

Clinton 2,224 Shelby 1,482 

Mount Clemen.^ 1.297 .5 Sterling 876 

Erin 974 .. Warren 700 

Harrison 483 .. Washington ■. 1,540 1 

Lenox, New Haven 6.52 

MACO.MB COUNTY, IS-'lO. 

Number of acres of improved land, 50,056.V; number of acres sowed with wheat, 
1849, 12.536i; nimiber of bushels of wheat raised in 1849, 97,867; number of bushels of 
other grain raised in 1849, 289,935J; number of horses, 2,412; number of neat cattle, 
8,782; number of swine, 4.772; number of sheep, 27.491; number of pounds of wool, 71,- 
792i; number of steam saw-mills, 2; number of water saw-mills, 7; number of steam and 
water saw-mills, 14; number of feet of lumber sawed, 1849,3,746,725; capital invested, 
$17,150; number of hands employed, 65; number of flouring mills. 8; number of runs of 
stone, 13; number of ban-els of Horn- manufactured. 1849, "23,900; capital invested, $48,- 
600; number of hands employed, 19; two tin and coppersmiths, one cabinet and chair 
factory, one pearlash factory, one carding-mill. one foundry and machine shop, one stave 
factory, one window glass factory, one leather factory, one pmnp factory — employing 101 
men; capital invested, $53,000; value of products, 1849. §92,000; number of pounds of 
sugar made in 1849, 44,022; merchandise imported for sale, 1849. $160,631: number of 
insane, deaf, dumb, and blind. 10. 

TOWNS AND VILLAGES. 

PdfULATIOX I860. 
Wliite ro1,.reii. While- Colored 

Armada, Armada Village 1 ,48 ) 8 Maeomb 1 .357 1 

Bruce 1,806 1 Ray 1.544 

Chesterfield 2.1.56 1 Richmond. Memphis 1.683 2 

Clinton. Mount Clemens 2.867 26 Shelby 1.068 7 

Erin 1,975 .. Sterling 1,077 5 

Harrison .545 1 Warren 1,333 2 

Leno.x, New Haven 1,4.52 1 Washington 1.837 8 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUJJTY. 



TOWNSHIPS AND VILLAGES. 

POPULATION 1870. 



Armiida 

Aniiiida Village. 

Biuco 

C'hestci'tield 

Clinton 

Muuut Olemeus. 

Erin 

Harrison 

fieno.x 

New Haven 



Total. 


Native. 


Foreign. 


Wllite. 


Col'd. 


1.731 


1,371 


350 


1,706 


15 


494 


398 


96 


4H1 


13 


3,145 


1.672 


473 


2,143 


3 


3.1751 1,644 


531 


3,175 




3,.590! 3,458 


1,133 


3,564 


26 


1.768 1.331 


437 


1,757 


11 


3,466 1,543 


924 


2,466 




605; 558 
3,1341 1.543 


47 


604 


1 


592 


3,115 


19 


413 


333 


80 


413 





Macomb . . . 

Ray 

Richmond. . 
Memjihis . . . 

Shelby 

Sterling. . . . 

Warren 

Washington 



Native. Fereign. White. Cord, 



805 1 

.555 1 

1811 1 
385' 

6951 1 

5491 1 

938' 1 

0571 1 



30,676! 



601 
348 
566 
141 
303 
472 



1,805 
1,555 
2,165 
379 
1,695 
1,533 
1,932 
3,040 



30..528 133 



STATISTICAL, 1870. 

The entire population of Macomb County, according to the general State Census, 
taken in 1870, was 27,619. Of this population the priucijial elements are the agricultural, 
financial, mechanical and industrial. Of these four items we propose to present a few 
tigui'es, the above quoted work being our authority. 

There was, in 1870, 153,691 acres of improved land; 91,988 acres of wood land: and 
of other unimproved land 12,869 acres, at a total cash value of $11,985,486. The farming 
improvements and machinery were valued at 1485,946. • The amount paid in wages during 
the year, including value of board, $284,388. Value of all farm products, including bet- 
terments and additions to stock, $2,243,983. Forest pi-oducts realized S 103,038. Of the 
various products the following quantities were returned: Spring wheat, 19,991 bushels; 
winter wheat, 865,985 bushels; rye, 7,482 bushels; Indian corn, 811,277 bushels; oats, 
494,044 bushels; barley, 29,872 bushels; buckwheat, 20,817 bushels; peas and beans, 16,- 
027 bushels; potatoes, 240,931 bushels; hay, 41,988 tons; clover seed, 671 bushels; grass 
seed, 146 bushels; hops, 140,756 pounds. 

Live stock returns repi'esented by the following figures: Horses, 7,961; mules and 
asses, 26; milch cows, 9,040; working oxen, 407; other cattle, 7,899; sheep, 64,694; 
swine, 11,089; total value of all kinds of live stock, $1,616,087; value of animals 
slaughtered or sold for slaughter, $371,282; wool, 320,591 pounds; dairy products — but- 
ter, 880,969 pounds; cheese, 33,360 pounds; milk sold, 875 gallons; value of orchard 
produce, $81,010. 

Total of all taxes, $124,049, divided as follows: State taxes of all kinds, $13,018; 
county taxes of all kinds, $32,373; township, village and city, of all kinds, $78,658. 

The principal business of the county is its lumber interest. In this branch of in- 
dustry there are in the county twenty-seven mills, of which thirteen are propelled by 
steam, eleven by water, and thi'ee by horse-power. Value of material used, $67,187; 
wages paid for the year ending June 1, 1870, $21,715; capital invested in lumber, $87,- 
500; expenses for material and labor, $88,902; value of total products, $148,090; number 
of feet, 7,859,000. Of other mills there are in the county eleven, all flouring. In addi- 



k^ 



HISTORY OF ■MACOMB COUNTY. 



tion to the above we find the following industries and manufactures represented: One tan- 
nery, six breweries; capital invested in latter, §22.500; one salt works, capital invested, 
$12,000: establishments of all kinds in county, 208; number of persons employed per 
month, 832; months of labor. 7,929; wages paid. §228,891; capital invested, §659,160. 



TOWNSHIPS AND VILLAGES. 

rOITLATION 1880. 
Etiunieratiir Enumerator. 

Ai-niada 1,734. ..Vbram S. Hall. Rav l,54;i.Bela R. D.avis. 

In Village 5.56. .Almim S. Hall. RiHimond 2,611 . ..Julin C. Keeler. 

Bruce 2,103. .Alexander H. Shelp. In .Smith Memphis. .. 367. ..Tnhii C. Keeler. 

In North Romeo. . . . 921. .Alexander H. Shelp. In Kichinond 750. .John C. Keeler. 

Chesterfield 2,352. .Cli:iilr< C.iinor. Shelhv 1,650. .William S. Andrus. 

In New Baltimore... 1,024. .('linlr, < Minior. In Disco 100. .William S. Andrus. 

Clinton 2,002. .Auuii>i llCanticUl. In North Utica 316. .William S. Andrus. 

I .loliii E. Foster. Sterlins 2.088. .Richard H. Sliter. 

Mount Clemens 3.051 ■ Robert Irvine. In South Ulica 177. .Richard H. Sliter. 

/ Arthur N. Grovier. Warren 2,401. .G. B. Walker. 

Erin 2,695. '. Gustave Sehuchard. In Beebes Corners. . . 106. . G. B. Walker. 

Harrison 740. . Fredrick C. Porton. Washington 3,053. .Jonathan Stone. 

Lenox 2,516. .Ed. L. Raymond. In South Romeo 705. .Jonathan Stone. 

In New Haven 600. .Ed. L. Raymond. 

Macomb 2.046. .Alfred Stewart. Total 31.603 

The following is the report of the cereal products of Macomb County for 1877-78: 



Townships. 


Acres Wheat 
raised in 1877 


Bushels Wheat 
in 1877. 


Acres .m 
Ground in 1878. 


Acres Corn. 


Acres Oats. 


Acres Barley. 




3491 

2816 
15,59 
1411 
1783 
1538 
1839 
1776 

855 
1435 
1683 

443 
1035 


81990 
65166 
35023 
28958 
36328 
32018 
43659 
29606 
17492 
30135 
392.50 
9643 
34773 


3940 

3099 
^3056 
1789 
3390 
3155 
2386 
2389 
1:323 
1503 
2162 
668 
1:^38 
1338 


1444 
1.560 
1439 

987 
1443 

964 
1467 
1829 
1349 
1378 
1280 

556 
1631 
1516 


1453 
1304 
2536 
2340 
1625 
1898 
1638 
1434 
i:i54 
1382 
1726 
639 
2054 
1983 


342 




113 




305 




396 


Rav 


108 




198 






Shelliy 


13 


Sterling • 


91 
97 


Chesterfield 

Harrison 

Erin 


337 
109 
53 


Warren 





FARM STATISTICS. 

The following statistical information is taken from the report of the Secretary of 
State, dealing with the farms and farm products of Michigan for the year 1880. relating 
to this county: 

Horses, 8,829; milch cows. 9,549: other cattle. S,527; hogs, 11,761; sheep, 104,871; 
acres devoted to apple orchards, 5,821; to peach orchards, 1,131; acres under clover. 4,274; 
under barley, 2,178; peas, 1,215; potatoes, 2,847: hay, 29,792; wheat, 34,308; corn, 18,- 
010; oats, 21,035; number of acres of improved land, 158,746; of unimproved, 83,629; 
total number of acres, 242,375; number of farms. 3.083; average number of acres per farm 
78.62, 



Ml 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The taxes, as apportioned for 1880-81, are set forth in the following table: 





TOWNSHIPS. 


Statf Tax. 


County Thx. 


Town Tax. 




$1372 51 
1871 -2', 
1018 80 
103.5 M4 
1.81)0 82 
8-,Hi XH 
112(i 00 
lOli'j ti.T 
>Htl 70 
1851 40 
1148 54 
lOOO 05 
\-i:]K 10 
mri 25 
450 80 
481 32 
271 60 


$2039 65 
3158 75 
1623 50 
1660 60 
3093 07 
533 45 
1805 00 
1714 75 
15.S8 40 
3106 00 
1841 10 
1714 75 
1984 50 
3158 75 
732 00 
770 73 
433 00 


$ 500 00 




12032 52 
2200 00 




Chesterfield 


600 00 


Erin. 


2i.5 66 




565 00 




776 68 


Ray 


1150 00 




675 00 


Shelby 


700 00 


Sterlin;,' 


600 00 




450 00 
800 00 






Mniuil CI. -Ill 
M. .111,1 CI. -Ill 

Mount Cli^iii 


•IIS. First Ward 

■lis. Scc.iiid Ward 

•ns, Third Ward 


3501 85 
8738 20 
2109 95 


Total.. 


$18096 02 


$29000 00 


.$30114 20 







The total tax levy in this county for the years 1881-82 is $81,105.51, which sum is 
■divided as follows: State tax, $21,161.70; county tax, $85,650; town tax, $26,2y3.75. 



EQUALIZED V.^LUATION- -1842 TO 1881. 



TOWNS. 


184-2. 


1849. 


1851. 1 IS.'jS. 


18.59. 


1869. 


1875. 


1881 


Richmond 

Harrison 


$45,519, 
23,928 
31.987 
70,427 
83,950 
5'.l,0i; 
OII.'^Cl 

45,111(1 
42, SI'.' 
42.1011 
49. Sim 
59.s,-,i; 


$46,048 $ 
25,132 
34,420 
117,978 
40,1»!»0 
0:',,T00 
ss.ii:;i 

liir, ::!i! 
s,s t;.'i5 
IS, OS? 
81, ■,':!? 
4(I.:!8S 
5il.^js7 
r, 1,01 14 


47,161 $231,70:! 
33.8.S!) 115, .580 
40,604 280,4211 

110. Oil ;:lo,s|0 
(iO.OOO 8s-,'.s,"i7 
07,5(iS ::s,-,.fj,-, 
HI. -.'IIS 05::.:|:;8 

I|:'..5s0 5;8.771 
s;.0|:; 5^J7,485 
41l,SSil ■J72.:U1 

:'.5,i):;2 -.'iiKKo 
i:i,225 ■,",'i,i;^,-,> 
5:;, lis; -.'CO, 510 


>;256,.551) 
111,21)7 
2:W,1)72 
07s,7ri 
:il)S,871) 
4ii;l,4SO 
01)1,1)25 
5SI 1,178 
140,1 '■.5 

■.'0 1, ■.'s,-, 

•.'r.',oiHi 

■.'70,721 
80,',71l 


>;8T4,S-J0 
97,0s 1 
:!4(),0i)0 
01)7,71)1) 
42:!, Olio 

110, DIM) 

712,550 
HC.s.ir.o 
H15,^Ji)0 
:;|o.:;i,s 
■.'HI. 1100 
815. Olio 

8si;.4::o 


>;4:iO,oi)l) 
OS, 0011 

:!S5,0()() 
7:!(),0()i) 
110,01)1) 
441). 000 

i;o'oiio 

810,(100 

:; III, 01)0 

850^000 
:lSi),()00 


$1202,000 
2ss,oiio 
1121,01)0 


Washiimlon 

Cliisicrtleld 

Armada 

Bruce 

Clinloii 


I 78S,000 
914,000 
1 122,000 
I7ss,0(ii) 
SIM 000 


Shelbv 


1014,000 




1)7:1,000 




1014 000 




1)118,000 




953,000 


Ray 


894,000 


Note —In niUliiiun lo t e liguces for 


.SSl.tl.,- .■■!. 


,li/...l V..I.I:, 


i...i ..1 III. . uv "1 Mt 


.'Ci,..-.,- > 


a. sl,„!,j,.„ 


.. 





Tho li(jiiur tax in this county, as tinally reported and collected. December, 1881, 
stands as follows: 



Cilv of Mount Clemens $3735 43 

Uticii Village 665 00 

Richmond Village 766 66 

New Baltimore Village 578 75 

New Haveu Village 130 00 

Romeo Village 800 00 

Armada Village 1.83 34 



Memphis Village 175 00 

Warren Township 935 00 

Erin Township 9.80 00 

Clinton Township 65 00 

Lenox Township 65 00 

$8069 18 



vl^ 



V 



.^1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The population of the district, organized as Macomb, from 1810 to 1880, is estimated 
at follows: 



Year. 


P..p,.lHti..n. 


Colored. 


Year. 


Poijulation. 


r,>i..r..,i 


1810 


580 




1850 


15530 


29 


1820 


898 


2 


1860 


22843 


63 


1830 


2418 


1 


1870 


27616 


118 


1840 


981() 


33 


1880 


31603 





CHAPTER XXVI. 

AUlMcrLTrUE AXI) FARMERS A.SSOCIATIOXS. 

A man may wander into remote parts of the earth as a traveler, where for the time 
being he will lose sight of farms, and where he will be obliged to deny himself the food 
and comforts they aflbrd. He may consent to prdsecute a lucrative business in an inhos- 
pitable clime, or where farming is wholly neglected, and its products can only be obtained 
by long transportation at exorbitant prices, but he will not prolong his sojoiu-n after he 
has satisfied his curiosity, or succeeded in his temporaiy purpose. 

Permanent and successful agriculture prs-suppose-^ the local existence of every con- 
dition essential to popular enjoyment and prosperity. Whatever else of value may distin- 
guish a place, them can be no substitute for this. Agriculture is necessary for the eco- 
nomical development and to the localization of the proceeds ef every other resource. 
However rich any locality may be in timber, salt water, or other substance convertible into 
marketable commodities, it cannot afford to ignore agriculture. It is true that, beyond 
the vicinage of a farmer, lumber may be minufautured, mines disemboweled and salt pro- 
duced; put the money which is realized will take to itself wings. Such an undertaking 
will require the exportation to a foreign sovu'ce of a<(i'icultm'al supplies, of the means nec- 
essary to procure them. The large sums paid for them, instead of going into the pockets 
of those who reside in the neighborhood of the consumer to be thei-e expended in improve- 
ments, in supporting other branches of industry, and in sustaining an increased trade, 
go to the remote producers. 

AGRICULTrR.\L DEVELOPMENT. 

A paper on the development of the agi'icultm-al interests of Macomb County was read 
before the Farmers' Institute, at Utica, by Judge James B, Eldredge. The subject, as 
treated, is replete in data and event, and therefore forms a valuable addition to this section 
of the work. ' Our county,' says the Judge, ' is one of the oldest in the State, yet it is barely 
a half-century old. As to its agriculture, it was organized in 1818, and then comprised, in 
addition to its present territory, a part of Oakland. Lapeer and Sanilac and all of St. 
Clair. The probable first settler was a Frenchman, one of a body of emigi-ants, sent over 
by the French in 1756. to settle about the fort at Detroit to strengthen it. We learn 
fi-om the • State papers ' that along the shores of Lake St. Clair in this county, were set 



;t^ 



4- 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tied here and there French families in 1796, and that in that year were found houses so old 
as to be untenantable from decay at various points — one at Point Aux Grapeaux, near the 
present site of New Baltimore. This body of immigrants was. on starting out. fiu-nished 
with a full supjtly of grain, seeds and fruits to enable them to test the soil of the new 
land. Early, these Frenchmen located homes along the watery highway, cleared a few 
acres — very few — erected log houses, tested seed and planted fruit trees; but it is well 
known that such were the enticements of the chase, that farming was not a material part 
of their labors. The gun and spear were of tener used than the plow or spade. The woods 
and waters more easily fiu'nished food and raiment than the field. The early aettlers had 
no market but their own mouths, no care but their own enjoyment. Agricultiu'e did not 
thrive in those days. The canoe was the only vehicle, the stream and lake the only high- 
way. The labors of the day consisted in the sports of the chase. Food and raiment were 
gathered from the woods and waters. This state of affairs continued in the main until 
the year 1820. Prior to this time, nearly all the settled lands in the county were held 
either as squatters or as purchasers from the Indians, or as " private claims. ' Those set- 
tlers who could show a possession in themselves or grantors, back to 1796. were allowed 
by the United States to survey off not to exceed 640 acres, and to receive a patent there- 
for. Those private claims fronted on the river or lake, and were mainly held by descend- 
ants of the immigrants of 1796. Now and then one of another nation had taken title to 
these private claims, or had set down beside the Frenchmen, like the (3onners and Tuckers, 
who were early on the Clinton River. It was not until about the year 1720 that there be- 
gan a flow of farmers into the county — men who came to clear and build, and plow, an d 
cultivate — and it is from that year we may date the commencement of the development of 
the agricultm'al interests of our county. 

The land outside of the private claims was surveyed into sections about the year 
1817. and, as a matter of ciu'iosity, we go to the records and note who were the first to 
take up lands thus surveyed into sections. Let us see who were the first locators outside 
of the private claims in each town and where they chose. This will enable us to form 
some idea of where the first settlements and farming began. It is doubtless true that the 
first lands taken up were not in all cases the first improved, but it was so mainly. Bear- 
ing in mind that along the lake shore and up the Clinton River a few miles was a string 
of hamlets, whose occupants were not farmers, but hunters and fishers, with little garden 
spots and a few fruit trees, we strikeout into the wilderness of sections and see where farm- 
ing in the county began. 

We table the first three locations in each township, by whom and when. Some of 
them were mere speculators, but, as I name them, many of you will recall them as pio- 
neers. I take the towns in order of time; 

Clinton — Daniel Leroy, September 7, 1818, Section 14; D. G. Jones. February 18, 
1822, Sections 3 and 10. 

Erin — Christian Clemens. October 7, 1818. Section 14: Villiam Forsyth. May 11, 



1820. Section 22. 



■fv*- 



i^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Macomb — G. and D. Greichir. August 12. 1820, Section 35: Alfred Ashley. June 26. 
1821, Section 35; David B. Ford. May 22. 1822, Section 25. 

Chesterfield — Robert Jean. August 28, 1820. Section 11; James C. Edgerly, June 
24, 1823, .Section 30; Antoine Rivard. September 8, 1824. Section 21. 

Washington — Asahel Bailey. July 3. 1821, Section 33; Gideon Gates, July 5. 
1821, Section 27; George Wilson. September 1, 1821. Section 33. 

Sterling — Eleazer Scott, September 1, 1821, Section 3; James C. Underwood, Au- 
gust 12, 1823, Section 24; Andrew Leon, October 4, 1823, Section 24. 

Shelby — James Hazard, November 20, 1821, Section 5; Ezra Burgess, May 13, 1822, 
Section 7; George Hanscom, June 8, 1822, Section 3. 

Bruce— Daniel Hill, November 20, 1821, Section 35; A. Bailey, April 16, 1822, Sec- 
tion 35; Leander Trombly, September 4, 1822, Sections 29 and 20. 

Armada — John Proctor, November 4, 1823, Section 31: Peter Daniels, .June 23, 
1824, Section 31; Chauncey Bailey, June 23, 1824, Section 3(». 

Ray — Benjamin N. Freeman. June 23. 1824, Section 5; Joseph Chubb, October 14, 
1824, Section 22; Nathaniel Thompson, October 18, 1824, Sections 8 and 9. 

Warren — Charles \V. Groesbeok, June 24. 1830. Section 33; Charles Rivard, June 
18, 1831. Section 35. 

Lenox — Phineas D. Pelton, June 4. 1831, Section 6; Joseph Comstock, Septem- 
ber 19. 1831. Section 33; Roswell Green, August 13. 3831. Section 33. 

Richmond — John Hale. December 1, 1832, Section 30: Edwin B. Rose, December 1. 

1832, Section 30; Anson Pettibone, May 13, 1833, Section 19. 

Let us picture to ourselves these settlers over so widely scattered locations. What a 
map we have! These men, I dare say, did not quarrel about line fences. Around these 
locations, in time, collected neighborhoods; forests were cut down, buildings erected, 
fields cleared, harvests grown, needed mills sprang into existence, markets and larger har- 
vests followed; churches and schoolhouses sprang up first among the buildings, to the 
great surprise of the French, who had been in a line from Detroit to Lake Huron for a 
half -century and over. From the opening of these locations to 1840. the progi-ess of this 
county was marked by many improvements in lands and buildings, and the growth of in- 
creased crops was rapid and surprising. In 1827, the county consisted of five townships, 
viz., Washington. Shelby, Ray, Clinton and Harrison. Improved lands in Harrison and 
Clinton were valued at $10 per acre, and in the other towns at $8 per acre, and all wild 
lands at $2 per acre. The county tax of that yeai' was $557.59. 

In 1832, the first towns were valued, real and personal together, at $263,304: in 

1833. at $314,872; in 1834, at $366,902;' in 1835, at $474,678; in 1838, $1,226,962. 
Quite evident here we can see the influence of being the ' eastern end ' of the Clinton & 
Kalamazoo Canal. 'Wildcat' days jumped the value of the county from $474,670, in 
1835, to $1,250,000, in 1837. I have been unable to find any reliable statistics prior to 
the United States census of 1840. I know that figures are dry, but in no other way can 
we so plainly place iu view the growth of the past, as by a table showing the amount of 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY, 



various agricultural products raised in the county at periods of ten years, from 1840 to 
the present time: 



PRODUCTS. 


184n. 


1850. 


1863. 


187U. 


1879 


Wheat, bushels 


81,064 
67,792 
71,538 
13,037 

1,482 
7,198 
8,958 


97,367 


230,733 


385,476 

494,044 

311,377 

330,591 

7,961 

17,346 

64,694 

153,601 

$5,864,073 


532,730 
802,060 






232,988 

300,588 

6,363 

16,073 

83,663 

106,077 


103,500 




71,792 
2.667 
9,443 

33,762 

57,876 


339 390 


Horses 

Cattle 


2,329 

19,426 




64,373 




158,746 


Value, real and personal 




1-16,191,981 



This table teaches us that since 1840 the crop of wheat has increased over 600 per 
cent, oats over 1.000 per cent, corn ever 1,000 per cent; the number of our horses over 
600 per cent, cattle over 300 per cent and sheep over 800 per cent, whose fleece has in- 
creased in weight nearly 400 per cent. The county was equalized in 1882 at $263,805, 
and, in 1879, at $19,191,981— an increase of wonderful magnitude, and mainly because 
of the development of its agricultural interests. 

At the time of this assessment, the plan was adopted of assessing at the cash value. 
Previous to this time, the rate had been at two-third cash value. 

Statistics of the various business interests of the county at large show us that of mer- 
chants not to exceed 3 per cent make money and die wealthy. Of the professions, not 10 per 
cent more than merely live, and it is about the same with the various trades. Surely the young 
man who wishes to insure certain success financially, when he leaves the farm and goes to the 
city or village, leaves a business that is almost certain of financial increase, to engage in 
one where the percentage of success is exceedingly small. Recui-ring to the history of 
the past development, has not the farmer of this county cause to be proud of his achieve- 
ments and proud of his county"? Yet, while thus we regard our part with pride, the query 
comes up, Have we reached our highest point of development"? Is it necessary, or is it 
our duty, to stop or decrease the rate of progress and stand still? Is there anything in 
the idea that we have now exhausted the virgin strength of our soil, and henceforward 
must resort to artificial manures to keep up the yield of our crops, so expressive that 
farming here cannot keep pace vrith other departments of life'? These and kinth'ed ques- 
tions are important. We learn that in countries of much less fertility, countries cultivat- 
ed for hundreds of years, by the exercise of a judicious system of farming, agricultm-e is 
made to thrive and jirosper. 

It may be that we need to exercise more care, learning and skill, to continue on in 
the rapid pace of the past, but, whether we need to do so or not. ought to be unimportant. 
Doing so will add to our prosperity, elevate farming and ennoble us as individuals, and as 
a class farmers should need no other incentive. The question with us should not be. Is 
it necessary, but. Is it well to do so? Situated as our county is, climatically considered, 
it must be deemed favored land; while "blizzards." grasshoppers and long droughts in 



Hr i 



w 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the West make farming uncertain, and floods and epidemics destroy whole communities 
in the South, and the sterility of soil in the East makes farming almost impracticable, the 
farmer of Macomb County stands as upon holy land, where good crops form the rule, where 
there is fi-eedom from epidemics and devastating storms, where nature has placed no such 
obstacle as absence of timber, want of water or unhealthy climate. Situated as we are, 
there is no need to stay the speed of our progress at all, and we hold it to be the duty of 
all to so combine thought and action that greater results may be reached." 

THE MACOMB COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 

The Macomb County Agricultural Society was organized in 1849, with Payne K. 
Leech as President; William Canfield, Secretary; A. W. Sterling, Treasurer. The officers 
then elected ware continued in ISoO Since that time the officers have been: 

Presidents — James B. St. John, 1851; William Canfield, 1852 and 1853; ^larsliall 
Hadley, 1854; Ira H. Butterfield. 1855 and 1856. 

Secretaries —R. P. Eldredge, 1851; Dexter Mussey. 18.")2 and 1863; J. H. Kaple, 
1854: Charles F. Mallary, 1855 and 1856. 

Treasurers — Norman Periy, 1851; P. K. Leech, 1852-54; Charles Weston, 1856. 

The first fair was held at Utica, in September, 1850, opposite the site of the Con- 
gregational Church. At this time, there were no fences, buildings, race-track, or, in fact, 
anything which now is considered necessary to contribute to the success of such a meeting. 
After the meeting of the society, a vote of thanks was passed to Ira H. Butterfield, Ira 
Phillips, P. K. Leech and other stock-raisers for their efforts to improve the stock of the 
county. 

The three men just mentioned, together with John B. St. John and R. P. Eldredge, 
pledged themselves to meet the expenses of the society, hut tli?ir liberal offer was not 
requisitioned. 

The agricultural society was re-organized at Brooklyn March 10, 1857. for the object 
of promoting the interests of the agriculturists and horticulturists of Macomb County. 
The first officers of the re-organized society were: Ira H. Butterfield, President; Dexter 
Mussey, Vice President; Charles F. Mallary, Secretary; Charles W. Weston, Treasurer: 
Harlehigh Carter, Andrew Sutherland, Sr., Allen P. Bentley, James Flower, Truman R. 
Andrus, James Crawford, Carlos W. Brown, Directors. The charter members were Tru- 
man R. .\ndrus, Payne K. Leech, G. St. John, Loren Andrus, Elam Chajiin, Oran Free- 
man, Charles F. Mallary, H. Carter. I. H. Butiertield. D. ^Y. Noyes. Leonard Lee, James 
Flower and Calvin Davis. 

The Presidents of the society since 1n57 are named as follows: Ira H. Butterfield, 
1857: Harlehigh Carter, 1858; George W Phillips, 1859 and 1860; Loren Andrus, 1861; 
Harvey Mollen, 1862 and 1863: Charles C. Leech, 1864; Charles Andrews. 1865 and 1866: 
George W. Phillips, 1867 and 1868; WiUiardA. Wales, 1869; P. M. Bentley, 1872: Silas 
Colby; Era-stus Day, 1875, and William W, Andi-us, the present President. 

The Secretaries of the society have been Charles F. Mallary, John Wright, Charles 



>S^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



W. Westou. C. W. Whitney. Daniel B. Briggs. Dwiglit N. Lowell. Henry W. Babeock 
and A\'. H. Acker. 

THE UNION farmers" CLUB. 

This organization sprang into being on the 27th day of October, A. D. 1S70, at the 
call of a few intelligent agriculturists, who had in some way become impressed with the 
idea that an exchange of views aad opinioas, in regard to any occupation, is beneficial, 
and especially so in the occupation of farming. The charter members of this society, as 
well as those who have united later in its history, are men of energy and forethought, the 
bone and the sinew of the land. They are men whose hands are better acquainted perhaps 
with the neb of the scythe, hoe and plow than with the neb of the pen. Men who believe 
the earth was given to man as a bountiful mother, who gives freely and abundantly the 
support of her sons. Not a stingy and reluctant mistress who must be coaxed and driven 
into the giving of the scantiest subsistence, earned by sweat and toil and discouragement. 
They are men who regard practical results as better than brilliant theory, and who dignify 
the labor of the farm by participating in it. believing that 

" He by plowins wlifi would thrive, 
Himself must either hold or drive." 

They are men, who, having labored faithfully and with persevering faith in the 
promise that the harvest should follow the seed time, so long as the world should stand, 
can afford to wait. Intelligent thoughts and energetic action have ever been fruitful of 
gi'eat results. 

Upon the first organization, sixty members were enrolled, consisting of forty-six 
working members, seven honorary members and seven ladies. The residences of a portion 
of this membership have changed and others have dropped out for various reasons, one has 
been removed by death, and the ladies have left because we did not hokl out to them suffi- 
cient inducement to remain. We are less in numbers than at the outset, but our practical 
working force is larger than ever. Since the organization, the society has held forty 
meetings. We have been favored with six original addresses, and have considered upward 
of twenty topics on some of the branches of practical agriculture. In these debates, it 
has not been the purpose of the club to draw the lines of parliamentai'y usages too closely 
for fear it might cut off a certain freedom of expression so desirable in all social inter- 
course. Our debates have taken an extended range, sometimes bearing u})ou the subject 
in question, and sometimes bearing nowhere in particular. Whenever we have struck the 
flint, sparks of wit and eloquence have been seen to follow. We have received seeds 
from the department to the amount of about seven bushels, contained in upward of 500 
packages. The department has been notified of the results of the tests to which the seeds 
have been put. Some of them have been of real value, and many have been worthless in 
our climate and by our moie of cultivation. Prominent among the successful onej ma}' 
be mentioned the " Sohonen '" oats and various varieties of Mangelwortzels. 

We have gathered a library of nearly 100 volumes, and have received from various 



"i^f 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



agricultural and horticultural societies and the department at Washington more than 300 
volumes for the use of members. 

Four plowiu'T-matches have been held under the auspices of the society, at which 
commendable skill has been exhibited. At these matches $107 in cash have been vfon, and 
paid by the society, and other property, through its means, in the aggregate $120. But 
better than this, vre have raised the standard of achievement in agriculture to a higher 
plane, by jogging the sensibility of our members, and setting them in a train of original 
thinking. Our iixduence has been felt in the community. Crooked furrows have grown 
straight, ends and corners have been brought to a neater finish, business has been rendered 
more systematic through our plan of statistics, which requires each member to know what 
he has accomplished upon his fai'm. This much for the past. 

At present, we are in a prosperous condition, with a strong working membership and 
money in the treasury. We have gained in experience and iniluenee, and stand high in 
reputation with the public. We are recognized and aided by agricultm-al and other kin- 
dred associations throughout the State and at the national capital. The duties of the fut- 
iire lie before us. Let progress and improvement be our motto. Profiting by the 
experience of the past, let us act wisely in the future. 

George W. Phillips is the President; George W. Phillips, Jr., Secretary, and John 
H. Wilson, Treasiu'er, 

THE GRANGE. 

As we look at the order to-day, we find it has yielded nothing to the drones. 
It has disappointed those whose chief idea was that it would break down middle- 
men and be a money- making institution. But it has, in numberless instances, 
more than fulfilled the expectations of its best friends. There are fewer gran- 
gers to-day, but they are better ones. There are thousands of farmers now in the order 
who have learned to speak in public, to preside at public meetings, and to think and to 
reason as they never did before. There are many who are readers and thinkers, and who 
are becoming leaders and educators through the influence of the order. A regular plan 
of work has been laid out and questions of farm management and home comfort are regu- 
larly discussed in their meetings. More agricultural papers are read, and, in many neigh- 
borhoods, libraries are established and lecture coiu-ses siistained by the order. We speak 
that of which we have personal knowledge, in affinning that in many neighborhoods the 
Grange has accomplished wonders. It has softened political asperities by bringing those 
of opposite parties together; it has cultivated the social nature, educated the young in 
music, and, to a lai'ge extent, in literature. Hundreds of Grange halls have been built 
and furnished, and, as the object of the order has been shown to be the education of the 
farmer, rather than war on other callings, the public have come to respect it. 

MACOMB CODSTY GRANGE. 

The Grangers of this county met at Grange Hall, Mt. Clemens, November 30, ISSl, 
and organized the Macomb County Grange. The attendance was large, and the lodge 



m, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



was organized by James Cook, of Acb'ian, a De]>uty of the State Grange. Officers as fol- 
lows: M.. A. H. Cantield; O., W. S. Hart; Secretary, T. J. Shoemaker; Lectm-er, John 
McKay; Treasurer, H. D. Atwood; Steward, W. A. Stone; Assistant Steward, A. J. Leon- 
ardsou: Chaplain, J. C. Cady; Gate-keeper, Albert Fuller; Ceres. Mrs. A. H. Canfield; 
Pomona. Mr.-;. W. S. Hart; Flora, Mrs. J. C. Cady; Steward, A. J. Leonardson. 

FINE STOCK. 

One of the great industries of the county is that known as tine stock-raising. From 
an early day in the history of Macomb, the attention of the farming community has been 
directed to the growth of fine stock, and, perhaps, in no other county of the State has this 
attention been attended with higher results. Throughout the length and breadth of Ma- 
comb, the stock-raiser is found to have attained an excellence in his art, which has won 
for the county an enviable name. 

First among the breeders of Short-Horu cattle was Ira Phillips, deceased. His son, 
G. W. Phillips, continues what was so well begun by his father. The history of the 
Phillips herd is as follows: In 1847, G. W. Phillips, of Romeo, commenced the breeding 
of Short-Horns. The cows that were at the foundation of this herd were from the impor- 
tations of Thomas Weddle, of Rochester. N. Y., and T. A. Newbold, of Conewagus, near 
Avon, N. Y. The first bull used was Young Splendor 8611. This bull is said to have 
been an extra good one, both in quality and make-up, and for which Mr. Phillips refused 
liberal offers from parties who desired to return him to his native State, New York. 
Young Splendor won first premium at the first State fair held in Detroit, in 1849, being 
led there by President Phillips when a boy, and continued to win first premium at each 
successive State fair until quite an aged bull. Following Splendor came Col. Fremont, 
187(1; then came the Thirteenth Duke of Oxford. 8881; then Llewellyn 6956, Sheldon's 
Duke, 7260, Hotspur 4030, Gloster of Ingham 17184, Rufus 1S275, allot which, except 
Splendor, are the descendants of the famous Duke of Gloster. 

Cattle from this herd have been sent into the Eastern, Western and Sjuthern States, 
where they have formed the basis of a new stock. 

John McKay commenced the raising of Short-Horn cattle in 1869. At that time he 
purchased Phcenix 11, from Mr. Phillips, and subsequently made additions to the same 
family. At the head of this herd, on the male side, is Wild Eyes, No. 25167, bred by 
Avery & Murphy, of Port Huron. Mr. McKay is a successful breeder of cattle, and is 
building up a reputation in this department of agriculture. Among others equally noted 
as cattle-raisers are John Hagerman, Robert N, McKay. William H. Reed. Robert Milli- 
ken, B. F. Poole, William Rowley, Lewis Drake. P. K. Leech, George Townsend, W. H. 
Campbell, B, F. Poole and others. Mr. Poole established his stock in the fall of 1866. 

SHEEP-KAISERS. 

One of the first to introduce an improved breed of sheep into this county was Hiram 
Taylor, who imported fi'om Vermont several fine Spanish msrinos. After him, the late 



^^ 



HISTOKY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



Xathaa Dickenson and John Taylor made important importations. Foremost among the 
sheep-raisers of the pre.sent time is A. D. Taylor. .-Vbout 1848, he purchased a number of 
sheep from Taft, of Bloomiield, N. Y. , derived from the Avery flock of pure Atwood stock. 
He imported, also, from the Vermont flocks of L. P. Clark and O. H. & W. Bascomb, and 
from E. S. Hall, of Genesee County, N. Y., all of the finest breed. In February, 1879, 
he pm'chased a ewe, aged ten years, for vrhich he paid $150. Within three months, this 
ewe produced a pair of lambs, which sold for $250 each. In December following, a ewe 
lamb was produced, which sold for $150. In the spring of 1881. a pair of lambs was 
produced, valued at $200, making a net profit of $850 in three years. The pair of lambs 
was sent to Vermont and thence to the National Exposition at New York. Recently, one 
of the sheep from the Taylor flock was shipped to Australia. 

Eli G. Perkins is another successful sheep-breeder. He entered upon this branch of 
farming in 1870, when he purchased forty of the Taft flock from A. D. Taylor. These he 
sold in 1873, and supplied their place by a flock from Lusk, of Bitavia, N. Y., to which 
he has added since, so that his sheep now number seventy Addison ewes. He and his son 
are careful sheep-raisers. 

John C. Thompson established a flock in the fall of 1870, by the pui'chase of twenty 
ewes from A. D. Taylor. In January, 1878, he purchased from the Sanfords, and from 
Bascomb, of Vermont, some tine breeds. In February, 1879, he purchased a stock-ram 
from Atwood, of Vermont, and also from Ellsworth, of Middlebury, Vt., a flock of 
twenty-nine ewes. The .itock-ram Addison was purchased in 1881 from Clark, of Ver- 
mont. He has made very important additions to his flock from time to time. 

Fulton P. Goyer purchased of J. C. Thompson ten Michigan merino ewes, and es- 
tablished a flock in 1881; subsequently, he bought twenty-eight ewes from the same 
grower, together with seven ewes from A. D. Taylor, at a cost of $700. He also purchased 
fourteen ewes from Mr. Taylor in 1882, all tracing back to the Atwoods and noticed in 
the Vermont Sheep Registry, and has thus founded a flock which gives promise of equal- 
ing that of any other breeder of the time in Michigan. Among the noted sheep-breeders 
of the county, the names of the following are given: Tim Lockwood. Chester Andrus, the 
Thoringtons, P. M. Bentley, Edward Randall and others. Mr. Bentley is a prominent 
breeder of Spanish merino sheep; for the past twenty-two years. He established his stock 
by the purchase of Michigan merino sheep, to which he added a number imported from 
from Western New York. 

F.IEMERS" MUTUAL FIRJE INSUR-iNCE COMPANY. 

In the summer of 1874, a number of prominent citizens of Macomb County assembled 
at the village of Washington to consider the advisability of forming a Mutual Fire In- 
surance Company, insuring farm property and detached residences, in Macomb County ex- 
clusively. No definite action was taken at this meeting. The proposition, however, was 
agitated thi'oughout the fall of 1873 and the winter of 1874 and 1875. During the sum- 
mer of 1875, the matter began to assume shape, and 100 citizens had engaged with Loren 



:^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Andrus and Wm. W. Vaiighan to insure their property to an amount not exceeding $200,- 
000, in a company organized as above indicated. As a preliminary step to the organiza- 
tion of the company, as required by law, the following declaration was published: 

We, the undereigned. citizens of Macomb County, in the State of Michigan, do hereby declare 
our intention to form a Mutual Fire Insurance Company, agreeable to the provisions of an act of the 
Legislature of this State, entitled. An act to provide for the incorporation of Mutual Fire Insurance 
Companies, and defining their powers and duties. Approved April 1.5, A. D. 1873. 

This declaration was signed by Loren Andrus, Washington; Horace H. Cady, Macomb; 
John B. St. John, Sterling; Arnold Harword, Warren; Robert McKay, Bruce; P. M. 
Bentley, Macomb, and Willard A. Wales, Shelby. 

A meeting of the corporators was held in the village of Washington August '22, 1875, 
at which a charter and set of by-laws were adopted, and the following officers of the com- 
])any elected: President, Robert McKay; Vice President, Horace Cady: Treasurer, T. S. 
Crissman; Secretary, William W. Vaughan; Directors, John B. St. John, Loren ,\ndrus, 
P. M. Bentley, Ai-nold Harwood, Willard A.Wales. 

Soon after this meeting and preivous to the commencement of business, T S. Ciissi- 
nau and Willard A. Wales severed their connection. Charles Andrus, of Armada, was 
elected to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Willard A. Wales, and Andrew J. 
Sykes that of T. -S. Crissman. The charter was submitted to the Attorney General and 
certified to by him as being in accordance with Act No. 382, Session laws of 1873. Same 
was approved by the Commissioner of Insurance November 20, 1875. The Farmers' Mu- 
tual Fire Insurance Company of Macoinb County was an assured fact, and its first jwlicy 
was issued on this day to Robert McKay, President of the association. The statistics of 
the company, taken from the annual reports to the Co mmissioner of Insurance will illus- 
trate its growth and present popularity: they also indirectly indicate the formation of this 
association to be the result of an actual need felt by the farmers of Macomb County : 

NnniWr AniHunl Am.innt Number Amount Amount 

Tear. of Mpmbrra. of Ki«k. of .\83es-ment. Year. of Membera. of Risk. of .iasesament. 

1875 100 $ -.378,000 1879 976 $1,80.5,069 *1,700 41 

1876 499 1,031,91.5 1S80 1,1.53 2,062,379 857 00 

1877 666 1,347,896 1S81 1,2:^0 2,156,329 3,86146 

lb78 801 1.529,409 f3,455 57 

Asfipssments. — Four assessments have been levied up to this date. In 1878, $2 jier 
$1,000 insured; in 1879,11.14; in 1880,48 cents; in 1881, $1.94. An average cost of 
92 cents per year on each $1,000 insured since the commencement of business, November 
20, 1875. 

The present officers of the company are: President, Robert McKay: Vice President, 
Charles Andrews; Treasurer, Andrew J. Sykes: Secretary, William W. Vaughan: Direc- 
tors, P. M, Bentley, C. Cady, Loren Andrus, T. L. Common, William H. Harvey and 
William C. Milton. 

The company holds an aanual meeting for the election of officers the first Wednesday 
in February each year. 







--i^W7/& cM^^rry^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



NAMES OF LOSERS. 



J. J. Crissman 

Charles Davis 

Geo. E. Broman.... 
William Harling.... 

F. Prieho 

A. Klein 

G. E. Graves 

J. E. Crawford 

P. Gaghgin 

George Mulvey 

EdvFard Pettibone. 
Albert D. Baker .. 



.IWashington 20 

.Ray 31 

. .A.rniada t 8 

.jSterling 

.^Clinton ^>0 

.IWarren J 2. One oow 

.Washington j30lDaraage to Barn 

. Sterling |33;DwelliDg and contents 

.Erin i32|Barn and contents 



Three hogs 

Dvpelling 

Dwelling 

Dwelling and contents 
One sheep 



16 Wm. A. Warwick 

17C. C. Crisman 

18 Robert McKay 

191. B. Vaughan 

20 David Fogo 

21 0. and P. L. Harris.. 

22 C. G. White 

23 Henry Moyers 

24 Frederick Schroeder 
2.5 H . and A. E. De Grotf. 

26 Albert Hovey 

27 David G. Farr 

28J. and C. Treufant... 

29'Jo8eph Emerson 

30'Mahaffy & Knox 

SllHenry Wales 

32lDaniel E.Frost 

SSlThomas F. Dryer 



.jClinton 

.!RicUmond .... 
• iRay 

.Bruce 

. Wa'ihington.. 

.Warren 

. Chesterfield., 
.! Washington., 
.jBruce , 

Washington. 

Richmond ... 

Lenox 

Washington. 

Washington. 

Erin 

Ray 

Washington. 

Chesterfield. 

t^linton 

Sterling 

Bruce 

Erin 

Washington. 

Lenox 



31Colt 

19'Barns damaged 

8! Barns and contents 
and stacks of grain.. 

2 Damage to house 

ll|Damageto house 

6: Damage to house 

23 Damage to barn 

'i9'Daiiiage to house aid content! 

HjBarn and contents 

33' 
19 
2(i: 
17 
21 
21 



Lightning ., 

Fire 

Fire 

Fire 

Lightning., 
Lightning., 
Lightning., 

Fire 

Fire 

Lightning ., 
Lightning .. 



Aug. 1, 1876 
November. 187*i 
April 26, 1877 
May 19, 1877.. 
July 12, 1877.. 
Aug. 31, 1877.. 
Aug. 31, 1877.. 
Feb. 27,1878,.. 
March 14, 1878, 
Aug. 1, 1878, 
Aug. 1, 1878, 



Damage to contents honse.. 

Damage to contents honse 

Outside cellar 

Damage to barn 

Damage to barn 

[iarn and contents 

29' Barn, shed and contents 

2 Damage to house 

IJiDamage to house 

8|BarD, contents and straw stack. 

8, Tenant house 

24 House and contents — 

20! Damage to house 

13jDamageto house 

18 Four sheep 



Fire 

Cbimnej burning out 
Sparks from chimnej. 
Sparks from cbimnej. 

Ligntning 

Fire 

Fire 

Fire 

Fire 

Fire 

Lightning 

Lightning 

Lightning 

Lightning 

Fire 

Fire 

Fii-e 

Fire 

Fire 

Fire 

Fire 

Lightning 



Date of Lo89. 



Aug. 18, 1878. 
,Ian. 1 1879.... 
March 16, 1879, 
Feb. 14, 1879... 
July 11, 1879.. 
Dec. 14. 1879.. 
Jan. 30, 1880.. 
Jan. :'.l, 1880.. 
Jan. 30, 1880.. 
Feb. 19, 1880.. 
July 10, 188U.. 
July 10, 1880.. 
July 10, 1880.. 
Aug. 19, 1880.. 
Nov. 15, 1880.. 
Nov. 17, 1880.. 
Nov. 30, 1880.. 
Feb. 29, 1881.. 
.March 10, 1881 
April 5. 1881... 
May 28, 1881.. 
July 12, 1881. 



Totol amount losses paid since organized, to December 31, 1881., 



$50 00 

300 00 

900 00 

300 0(1 

3 00 

23 IK) 

25 '10 

308 00 

425 00 

90 00 

40 00 

730 02 
25 00 

1 00 
6 26 
6 00 

2 00 
250 00 

2 60 

6 00 

10 00 

1 45 

8 00 

100 00 

911 76 

125 00 

16 91 

795 00 

500 00 

629 45 

8 00 

6 58 

8 00 

1.512 87 



r.4RMEKS' MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY. 

The FaiTQers' Mutual Fire Insiu-ance Company of Macoml) and St. Clair Counties was 
organized at the Ridgeway Hotel, or Beebe House, August 1, 1<S63. Robert Irwin pre- 
sided, with Samuel Goodsell Secretary. After the adoption of the charter, the following 
officers were elected; Aratus Smith, Presidei;tt; James S. Durfee, Vice President; Robert 
Irwin, Secretary; C. D. Crittenden, Loren Ani:h-us, J. S. Kimball, A. W. Freeman and 
Manson Farrar, Directors. The charter members were Loren Andrus, P. W. Bentley, 
Calvin Davis, George W. Phillips, Erastus Day, George H. Cannon, Charles C. Leech, 
William Canfield, Hemy Fries, Aratus Smith. Norman Peny, Hiram Taylor, Abraham 
Wells, George N. Chillser, Cornelius -Jeffers, James C. Cox. Ales S. Barnard. Peter F. 
Brakeman, Charles McMullan and James O. Roberson. 

3° 



nv 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



Aratus Smith continued President until 1865, when Joseph C. High was appointed. 
Mr. High was elected in 1866, and held the office until 1868. when R. H. Jenks was elected. 

The Secretaries of the company were Robert Irwin, elected in 1863; W. B. Bartlett, 
1870; Watson W. Lyons, elected in 1874; holds the po.sition at present. 

The Directors have been: 

1864 — J. C. High, C. S. King, Amos N. Freeman, Charles McMullan, Loren Andrus. 

1865 — Same officers. 

1866 — H. H. Cady. R. H Jenks, Charles Andrews, William A. Parsons, L. S. King, 
A. W. Clark. 

1867— H. H. Cady. C. S. King, W. A. Parsons, George H. Stuart. 

1868— Michael Plant, Silas Hart, E. W. True, Samuel Jones, Mason Cole. 

1869 — Officers re-elected. 

1870 — David Weeks, S. Jones, M. Plant, Henry Fries, S. S. Hart, James Dnrfee. 

1871 —Albert Sperry, D. S. Priest. 

1872— David Weeks. C. D. Crittenden. 

1873— G. Schuchard, M. Plant. 

1874— D. S. Priest, John M. Hart. 

1875— P. D. Smith, C. S. King. 

1876— M. Plant, G. Schuchard. 

1877— D. S. Priest Myron Kinyon. 

1878— C. S. King, George H. Cannon. 

187U -Gustave Suchard, M. Plant. 

1880— D. S. Priest. Myron Kenyon. 

1881— L. M. Sperry, Stephen B. Cannon. 

The following table points out the progress made since 1869. The statistics for the 
previous years are not given, but it may be said that the same ratio of advance marked 
the transactions of the company from 1863 to 1868: 



Year. 


No. of Mrmbcrs 


Risks. 


Ad.ied. 


1869 


1,830 


1:3.818,2.55 




1870 


3.300 


3,«00,000 


$681,745 


1871 


3,800 


3,800,000 


506,000 


1873 


3.383 


5,308,809 


433,135 


1874 


3,419 


5,014,765 


196,770 


1875 


3,415 


4,936,685 


78,080 



Year. 


No. of Members. 


Risks. 


Added. 


1876 


3,415 


|4,964,.590 


if 27,905 


1877 


3,990 


5,631,044 


6.56,4.54 


1878 


4,271 


5,646,384 


566.673 


1879 


4,496 


5,790,395 


.539,774 


1880 


3,839 


4.809,302 


325,918 


1881 


4,125 


5,073.786 


.363,577 



Agricultural statistics will be found in the chapter of county finances and statistics. 

THE sheep-shearers' ASSOCIATION. 

This society was organized a few years ago. Its second annual meeting was held May 
2, 1882 in the Lirge building at the Fearnaugbt Driving Park, Romeo. Owing to the ex- 
treme coolness of the weather, two or three, at least, of our sheep men, declined to shear 
their sheep after their an-ival on the grounds. Notwithstanding this and other drawbacks, 
the exhibition in point of attendance, and in quality of stock exhibited, was the finest ever 
held in this part of the State. There were many exhibitors, although all did not have 



^ s r- 



HISTORY OF MACOi[B COUNTY. 



their sheep sheared. There were nineteen shearers engaged the greater part of the day, 
seven of whom competed for the prize. Outside of the building, the agricultural men had 
everything their own way and exhibited their improvements to large crowds of interested 
people. Among the visitors from abroad were Editor Gibbon of the Michigan Fanner; 
Butterfield. of the Post and Trihnnr: J. M. Norton and J. Van Hoosen, of Avon, T. M. 
Wycoii'. of the Pontiac Gazette; J. Evarts Smith, of Ypsilanti, a noted breeder of merino 
sheep 

A citizens" purse of §10 was competed for by the shearers with the following result: 
First prize, Corueel Lewis, $4; second prize, David Tucker, §3: thir.l prize. E. F. Thomas. 
12; fom-th prize, Levi W. Cole, $1. 

The whole number of sheep exhibited was ninety-three. The following is the tabu- 
lated statement of the result of the shearing': 



123 
.55 



122 
.56 
65 
315 
313 
104 
266 
256 
63 
41 
378 
401 
27 



9 
336 



34 
69 
170 



J. W. Thorington c 

AV. E. Mvers i- 

P. M. Bentk-v & Son e 

P. M. BuiitlrV & Son e 

P. P. Andrew.s r 

C. E. Lockwood r 

J. W. Thorington r 

J. M. Thorington e 

J. M. Thorington e 

J. C. Thompson r 

J. C. Thompson r 

A. D. Taylor c 

A. D. Taylor e 

J. C. Thompson e 

W. E. Myerse 

J. C. Thompson e 

!J. E. Lockwood c 

A. Taylor and J. M. Thorington r. 

J. G. "Perkins r '. 

Bishop tt Chapin r 

A. D. Taylor, Genesee r 

J. A. Paton r 

P. M. Bentley e 

J. G. Perkins r 

,1. W. Thorington e 

P. P. Andrews e 

J. >[. Thorington r 

J. W. Thorington c 

P. M. Bentley r 

A. D. Tavlorr 

J.M. Thorington e 

J. M. Thorington e 

Ed Randall r 

Dawson West r 



352 
383 
345 
345 
413 
395 
352 
375 
395 
401 
381 
356 
356 
.355 
380 
355 
352 
875 
426 
352 

395 
395 
365 

353 
357 
353 
395 
352 
375 
375 
357 
346 



14 

1 
lOi 
11 

6 

3i 



i 
2i 
8 

15 
3i 

14+ 

15 

13 
9i 
6A 



13A 

4 

2 
10 
14i 

U 

1 



110 

101 
79i 
78" 

105 

'88 

78+ 

77i 

87 

67 
114+ 

86i 

91 

57 

68 

71i 

92+ 
109i 
112 
15U 

93 

69 

m 

96 
71 

114 
98 
81+ 
92 
96+ 
96i 
91i 

115+ 



Mr. John C. Thompson, of Romeo, exhibitea a fleece shorn a day or two before 
the exhibition, from a two-year-old ram, which weighed thirty-one and three-fourths 
pounds. 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY 



CHAPTER XX VII. 

NECIIOI.OGY. 

In the chapter devoted to township history and biography, reference is made to the 
pioneers and old settlers of Macomb who are gone to the land beyond the grave. To insure 
a more precise notice, their names are grouped under this heading, and, in a great num- 
ber of instances, a brief sketch is given, while in other cases, the name of the pioneer is 
merely subscribed. From the records of the Pioneer Society, it is learned that the necrol- 
ogy of the pioneers comprises the following names: 

Chi'istian Clemens, Augustus Richards, Ashael Bailey, William Abbot. Nathaniel 
Bennett, N. T. Taylor, Isaac Thompson. James Thompson. George Smith. Reuben R. 
Smith, John Smith, Ai-atus Smith, Isaac Powell. Abram Powell. George Powell, Joseph 
Sikes, Jonas Crissman, John Proctor, Josiah Hamlin, Normaij Perry. Hosea Northrup. 
Darius Sessions, Seaman Fillmore, Alva Sibley, A. Draper, Charles Davis, A. Pettiboue, 
Solomon Dewey, Solomon Lathi-op, Nathan Adams, Horace Heath, Michael Devine, Sam- 
uel Snover, Silas Scott, Silas Hayden, Nathan Nye, Jefferson Nye, Albeit Nye, Henian 
Nj'e, John Garvin, Prescott B. Thurston, Aaron B. Rawles. Thomas Eldred. Good- 
ing, Goodyear, Azariah Prentiss, John Townsend, William Baker, James Sharpstien, 

John Stranahan, Crippen, Alexander Tackles, John Taylor, Joseph Chubb, John 

Crawford, Charles Fowler, Elder Warren, George Bowerman, Z. Hayden. Russell Day, 
Daniel Day, Nathan Dickinson, Carlton Newbury, Rev. Taylor, Dr. Neil Gray, B. Free- 
man, Sr. , Osni Miller, G. Powell, Sr., Wood, Sumner Pierce, Colatinus Day, Deloss 

Conklin, John Armstrong, Myron Armstrong. Whitbeck, Minot T. Lane, Bisho]>, 

Sr., Cyrus Hopkins, Chauncey Throop, George Throop, Nathan Keeler, Squire Parmellee, 

Henry Collins, Gould. William Allen, Howaa-d, Isaac Taft, Elisha Smith, John 

Soule, Clinton Soule, Squire Lawi-eoce, Hiram Hopkins, Roswell Webster, Albert Finch, 
Ezra Finch, Sylvester Finch, James Leslie, Benjamin Leslie. Gideon Gates, Se\vell Hovey, 
A. Sterling, Noah Cooley. Benjamin CooJey, George Brabb. Isaac Brabb. Marvel Shaw, 

James Thorington, Cusiek, James Hosner, Aden Taft, Deusing, John Holland, 

— — Wilbiu-, Stitt, Ed Ai-noM, Joel Turrell, Philip Price, Hem-y Price. John Price, 

Peter Price. Noah Webster. Benjamin Freeman, Moses Freeman, William Hall, Carpus 
Redway, Andrew Southerland, David Southerland, Charles Chamberlain, Joseph Peters, 
Asa Curtis, Parker Adams. Asa Palmer, Asa Holmau. Levi Holman, Nathaniel Cole, 
Charles Marble, Henry Lee, Deacon Goodell, Williard Church. Wiley Bancroft, Ira Phil- 
lips, George Chamberlain, Chamberlain, James Starkweather. Job Howell, Albert 

Edget, Peter Edget, Iddo Warner, Sylvester Warner, Edmund Stewart, Peter Woodbeck, 
Joseph Donaldson. James Donaldson, David Donaldson, Rev. Andrews. Peter Aldi-ich, 
Fred Akh-ich, Ira Aldrich, Darius Finch, Tobias Finch. Melanchton Ghamberlin, Chaun- 
cey Chambei-lin, Albert Aldrich, Elijah Burke, Norman Biu'ch, Allen Frost, John Hall, 
William A. Burt, Deacon Calkins, Ben McGregor, Ben Crissman, Lazarus Green, Bur- 
chard Thi-oop, George Wilson. Otis Lamb, and Messrs. Haines and Moyers. 

In the followins list, a l;u"ge number of the deceased old settlers of JIacomb ai'e treated 
biographically, and the list brought down to the present time: 

Reuben R. Smith, of Ray Township, died April 27, 1866, aged sixty-nine years. 



V 



]±^ 



IIISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Mrs. Mary Matthews died May T), I8f36. aged seventy-one years. 

Mrs. Mercy A. Giddings died November 22, 1866, aged fifty- two years. 

Stephen Giles, of Ray, died suddenly March 18. 1867. 

Dr. Benjamin G. Sutherland died at his home in Ray Township, January 81. 1867. in 
the fifty-seventh year of his age. He was born in Rutland Gounty, Vt., June, 1810. He 
studied medicine at Lewiston, N. Y.. came to Michigan in 1836, and settled near Romeo. 

George Chandler died at Romeo Febraary 18. 1867, aged sixty-six years. He located 
there in 1845. 

Asa Curtiss, of Ai-mada, died of ai)oplexy, at Romeo. March 15, 1867. 

Mrs. Matilda "Ward, wife of Andrew Ward, of Armada, died suddenly March 19, 
1867. 

Chaiincey H Whitney, Secretary of the Goiinly Agricultural Society, died at Utica 
April 21, aged fifty-five years. 

Joshua Smith died at Almont July 29, 18(57, aged eighty years. 

James Benjamin fell forty feet from the staging of a church at Dryden, Lapeer 
County, and was instantly killed, September 12, 1.S67. 

E. L. Stone, of Washington Township, died November 7, 1867. 

Wesley Willey, of Ray. died suddenly January 25, 1868. 

Mrs. Hugh Norton died in Macomb Township February 14, 1868. 

Joseph Moyres died in Washington Township in April, 1866. 

Mrs. Elijah Thorington died suddenly March 21, 1868. 

Mrs. Sarah Beekman died March 31, 1868, aged seventy-five years. 

Eli Mussey, father of Dexter Mussey. died August 18, 1868, aged eighty-eight years. 

Mrs. Sarah Harvey died suddenly September 19. 1868. aged sixty-eight years. She 
was 'born at Morristown, N. J. 

William Chandler, formerly of Romeo, was aceidentallv killed at Cleveland. Ghio, 
October 10, 1868. 

Mrs. James Starkweather was killed a few miles north of Baltimore, Md., November 
16, 1868, by being run over by the cars. She was born at Clarkson. N.. Y., July 14, 1807, 
and came to Michigan in June, 1825. 

Dr. Neil Gi-ay died December 14, 1868. He was-born at Kenwilligg, Ayrshire, Scot- 
land, in 1802, and, thirty years later located the Gray farm in Macomb County. 

Dr. Reuben Nims died at his home in Washington Township February 2. 1869, in 
his seventy-fifth year. He was born in Berkshire County, Mass. 

Gmxlon Hoveydied at Romeo June 11, 1870. It is stated that he was a centenarian. 

Mrs. Celia Van After died at the home of A. M. Leach, Romeo, December 13, 1870. 
aged seventj^-five years. 

Mrs. Emma Lathrop, of Armada, died March 21, 1871, aged seventy-five yeai's. 

Luther Farrar died March 12, 1870. 

Mrs. Clarissa Goff died in Shelby, Mich., April 8, 1871, aged eighty-one years. She 
was the wife of Harvey Goff, and daughter of Squire Goff, the first Baptist preacher 
who settled at Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y. She was born near Hartford, Conn, 

William M, Connor, a soldier of theUnited States in the late war, died at Mt. Clem- 
ens May 14, 1871. 

Neil trray, son of Dr. Neil Gi'ay, died at Romeo June 10, 1871. 

Mrs. Lemrock Bailey died August 7, 1871, at Union, Canada West. As Miss Mary- 
ette Curson, she was favorably known to old settlers. 

Mrs. Eliza Carpenter, aged sixty-one years, died tragically August 25. 1871. 

Manly Thurston met a tragic death in 1870. 

Aaron B. Rawles, one of the pioneers of Romeo, and one of its most prominent citi- 






n^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COTXTY. 



z<»ns, died April 4, 1872. He was born at Albany, N. Y., in 1812. and came to Detroit in 
18:32, and to Romeo in 1834. 

Mrs. Levi D. Chamberlain died at Romeo June 27, 1872. She was born in Schenec- 
tady County, N. Y., Jiine 15, 17y;3. In 18 Ki, she was married to Levi D. Chamberlain. 

Charles Peltier, aged seventy-eight years, died at Mt. Clemens June 27, 1872. He 
served with the L'ish and French under Richard Smvthe in the war of 1812, and settled 
at Mt. Clemens in 1814. 

Mi's. Fannie Baldwin was born in Sussex County, N. J., in 1794; married Nehemiah 
Baldwin, who died in 1832; came to Michigan with her daughter, Mrs. Jeremiah Ayres, 
in 1841, and died at Romeo August 24, 1872. 

Dr. 0. E. Davis was born in Shelby Township in 1825; settled in Macomb Township 
as a practicing physician about forty years ago, and died there August 23, 1872. 

Mrs. Lydia Adams Buzzell died at the house of her son, Martin Buzzell, November 
10, 1872, aged eighty-seven years. The lady was born in 1787, being the tirst white 
child born in the town of St. Johnsbury, Vt. She came to Romeo in 1831. 

Jeremiah Curtiss died in Shelby Township November 3, 1872, aged eighty years. 
He was born near Albany, N. Y., August 2. 1793; served in the war of 1812; married 
Mercy Ewell June 10, 1817; moved West in 1832 and settled in Shelby, where he lived 
continuously until his death. 

Aaron Stone died in Washington Township November 28, 1872, aged eighty-two 
years. He settled in Washington Township in 1820, and dwelt there until his decease. 

Isaac Moniore died April 28, 1871, in the sixty-eighth year of his age, at his resi- 
dence in the village of Disco. 

Mrs. Sue! Hovey, formerly Lucinda Holmes, was born at Derby, Vt., October 13. 
1798; married Suel Hovey in January, 18i8, and, coming with her husband and family 
to Michigan in May, 1826, settled in Macomb County in June of that year. She died 
August 31, 1877. 

George Hovey, born in Genesee County, N. Y., in 1819, came to Michigan about 
1829; was married in 1843, and deceased November 25, 1879. His death was sudden. 
Having left for the timber lands of Nathan Eldred, for the purpose of chopping logs, at 
an early hour, and not returning, his daughters induced some neighbors to go in search 
of him. Those searchers found him in the woods dead. 

Mrs. Ruth Thurston, wife of B. H. Thurston, died March 1, 1873. She was born in 
Madison, N. Y., in 1814. 

Suel Hovey. born at Lebanon. N. H., March 9, 1875, died at his residence, one mile 
north of Romeo, March 2. 1873. The deceased moved westward in advance of the civil - 
izers, and was from his boyhood a pioneer. After the war of 1812, he became acquainted 
with Lucinda Holmes, and married her January 25, 1818. 

John Wesley Shaw, born in Canada October 3, 1839, died at Romeo March 3, 1873. 
He was married to Maggie Overton April 17, 18<37. 

Miss Sophia Chamberlin, formerly of Romeo, died in Alabama December 2, 1872. 

James Starkweather was born October 26, 1801, at Norwich, Conn. He came to 
Michigan in September, 1824, and settled in the township of Washington; moved into 
Bruce in 182(5, and to Romeo in 1872, where he died February 10, 1873. 

Hannah Jliller, wife of Daniel Miller, died March 8, 1873. Her maiden name was 
Phillips. She was born at Rush, Mom-oe Co., N. Y., May 9, 1811. In 1833, she mai'ried 
Nicholas Wheeler, and with him moved to Chicago, 111. He dying in 1841 left her at 
liberty to marry Daniel Miller, October 9, 1843, with whom she came to Macomb County. 

William P. Washer, father of George Washer, died suddenly April 25, 1873. The 
deceased was born in Sussex County, N. J,, in 1801. 



^1 



' ' 



^^=4^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Mrs. William McKay died suddenly while attending a meeting at M. E. Church, June 
8. 1873. at Komeo. 

George Wilson died in Washington Township July 17, 1873, aged eighty-six years. 
He visited Detroit in 1810. 

The sudden death of Mrs Charles Washburne, of Armada, was recorded August 18, 
1873. 

Miss Elizabeth FaiTar, formerly of Romeo, died at Detroit August 24, 1873, aged 
seventy years. 

John S. Smith, father of Mrs. Samuel H. Ewell, was born at Galon, Monroe Co., N. 
Y., June 4, 1809; came to Michigan in February, 1832, and located near Tremble's mill, 
in Bruce, moving subsequently into Lapeer. He died August 22, 1873. 

Asa Jenner, of Ray Township, died September 3, 1873, at the age of seventy-foiu- 
years. He was born in New Jersey, and lived in Uay for over a quarter of a century. 

Mrs. Nancy Ewell died at Romeo September 4, 1873. She was born in Worcester 
County, Mass., March 15, 1781; married Samuel Ewell December 13, 1806. She came 
to Romeo with her husband in May, 1836. 

Abram T. Powell died September 9, 1873. He settled in Washiugton Township in 
1827. 

James Maher died at Romeo September 7, 18(3. aged sisty-two yeai's. He was born 
in Oneida County, N. Y. 

John Reynolds, of Bruce, died September 10, 1873, aged seventy-six years. He was 
born in Ireland in 1797. 

John Campeau, one of the soldiers of the war of 1812, died at his home, in HaiTison 
Township, September 21, 1873, aged eighty-seven year.s. He was born at Detroit Jan- 
uary 9, 1786, and served in Mack's company of Michigan infantry in 1812. 

Peter Price, born at Rush. N. Y., January 16, 1806, settled in Washington Township 
in 1823, and died at Brousou, Branch Co., Mich., October 22, 1873. 

Dr. Caleb Carpenter died at St. Louis, Mich., October 19, 1873. He settled at Romeo 
in 1830, and resided there until he removed to Almont, in 1835. 

Mrs. Cynthia A. (Luman) Preston, born at Ridgeway, Orleans Co., N. Y., in 1826, 
settled in Macomb County in 1836; maiTied Luman Preston October 14, 1847: died No- 
vember 15, 1873. 

Valaria E. French, daughter of Harvey G. and Mary S. French, born in Lenox, Ma- 
comb Co.. Mich., July 18, 1842, died November 12, 1873, fi-om the efl'ects of poison ad- 
ministered by her own hand. 

The wife of Joel Thompson died December 30. 1873. Her request that she should 
uot be buried for a week after her death was comj)lied with. 

G. G. Deshon died at Utica December 27. 1873. He came to Michigan in 1831, 
accompanied by his brother, A. G. , and the Hon. H. P. Baldwin, both shoemakers. 

Edmund Thompson, an old resident of Armada, died February 3, 1874, aged sixty- 
nine years. He was born in Cayuga County. N. Y. He was a soldier in the late war. 

John Townsend died January 5. 1874. He was born in Greene County, N. Y. . July, 
1793; came to Washington in 1832 and4ocated lands in Bruce Township. 

Van R. Ames, of Romeo, died January 10, 1874. aged thirty-seven years, thirty-three 
years of which were passed in that village. 

Mrs. Mercy Curtiss, born at Norwich. Mass., September 20. 1798, died at Shelby, 
Macomb Countv, Jauuarv 8. 1874, aged seveutv-six years. She was an immigrant of 
1832, 

E. W. True died at Armada January 18, 1874. He was born at Durham, Me., Octo- 
ber 4, 1806; came to Michigan in 1845, and located at Armada in 1848. 



:^ 



HISTORY OP MACOMB COUNTY. 



liL 



Thomas C. Oolles. formerly a resident of Ray Center, died at St. Louis. Mo.. Jan- 
nary 21, 1874. 

John Garvin, boru at Hartwick, Vt., in 1789, came to Michigan in 1833. and died at 
his home, in Washington Township, April 23, 1874. 

Harriet Stanton died at the residence of her son, El)er Deuison, Osford, A])ril 20. 
1874. in her seventy-fifth year. 

Manilla L. Freeman, aged foi'ty years, died May 1, 1874. She was an old resident 
of Washington Townshi}}. 

Mi's. Raymond died June 12, 1874. She came to Romeo in 1838, and made it her 
home. 

Mrs. Margaret A. Foe, aged sixty-sis years, died at Armada June 22, 1874. 

Darius Sessions died at his residence. Armada, June 30, 1674. He lived in the 
township for forty-eight years. He was born May 8. 1804, a native of Tolland County, Vt. 

George Bowerman, an old settler of Washington Township, died February 3, 1875. 

David Greene died February 18, 1875. He was born at Berlin. Rensselaer Co.. N. 
Y. . in 1808, and settled in Michigan in 1845. 

Albert Finch, the senior member of the Finch family, was borji in Dutchess County, N. 
Y., in 1775. In 1800, he moved to Ontario County, where he located near the families of 
Bailey and Gates, whose names are so closely interwoven with the history of Romeo. In 
1823-24, he located at Indian Village, near or on the site of the fair-grounds. The family 
was progressing, when their son. Alanson, was reported missing. From that moment, 
sorrow and despair seem to hold possession of the household, until the father and mother 
of the lost child were relieved of their sorrows by the grave. The sub-chief, Kanobe. was 
always looked upon liy these pioneers as the principal agent in the abduction. 

Isaac Taft. one of the pioneers of Bruce, died March 18, 1875, aged seventy years. 

Hugh Morton, a prominent member of the Union Farmers' Club, died in March, 1875. 

ilrs. Mary S. Johnson died March lU, 1875. aged sixty-five years. 

Mrs. John Orr, formerly Mrs. Weldon, died March 21, 1875, aged seventy-two years. 
She came from New York State at an early date, and was among the first settlers of Rich- 
mond. 

Joseph A. Holland died at Romeo A])ri] 23. 1875. He was born in Washington 
Township November 3, 1828. 

Mrs. George D. Hovey died April 26. 1878, aged about sixty years. 

Mrs. Phcebe Sikes, formerly a resident of Macomb, died at TaV)le Grove. Fulton Co.. 
111., May 1. 1875. 

Hiram Calkins died at Imlay City June 4, 1875, aged eighty-three years. His re- 
mains were inten-ed at Mt. Vernon. Macoml.) County. 

Mrs. Castor died at Richmond June 19, 1 875. 

Mrs. Larzalier died at Lakeville June 30, 1875. 

T. L. Saokett. Judge of Probate, died at Mt. Clemens in July. 1875. 

Dr. Lewis Berlin, formerly of Romeo, died July 18. 1875. 

Mrs. Elizabeth Thorington died July 25. 1875, in her thirty-ninth year. She was the 
daughter of Christian and Sarah Cole. 

Jeremiah Jewell, of Ray. died September 29, 1875. aged seventy-two years. He 
came to Michigan in 1831 and located in Ray Township. 

Mrs. W. J. French, Mrs. Henry Thurston and Mrs. George Parmelee died in Octo- 
ber. 1875. 

Thomas Axford died near Disco November 24, 1875. 

Austin Day. of Macomb County, died at Utica, N. Y.. Februaiy 21. 1876. 

Azariah W. Sterling died at his home in Washington Township February 27, 1876, 



L^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ajed sevanfcy-nin? years. He was bira at Saybrook. Cjnn. In 1831. he settled in Wash- 
ington Township. 

George D. Saudford died at Romeo March 18, 1876. aged tifty-three years. He 
served in the war of 1861-65, and afterward in the Western Territories, against the In- 
dians. 

Mrs. Mason Cole, formerly Miss Charity Gamble, died May 24, 1876. aged tifty-four 
years. 

Albert Edgett died March 16, 1876. aged seveuty-one years. He lived two miles 
northeast of Romeo, in Bruce Township, since 1826. 

James Hosner died in July, 1876. He settled in Washington Township at an early day. 

Sylvester Seeley was born in New York, in June 18, 1807; learned the trade of 
carpenter in Niagara County: removed to Macomb in 1881, and settled on land on 
Section 19. now owned by J. S. Warner. Mr. Seeley worked at his trade and at farming 
in the county, except two years, u[) to the time of his death, which occurred March 27, 
1878; married. September 16, 1827, to Julia, oldest child of Joseph Thurston, a native 
of Vermont, born January 11, 1808; three children, one of whom is living. Mr. Seeley 
was an active man in all that pertains to the new settlement. The mother still lives in 
.irmada Village. 

Moses Freeman, son of Joseph Freeman, of Berkshire, Vt. . was born May 4, 1801; 
married Ann Powell August 2. 1829. and had four children; removed to Armada Town- 
ship in 1824. and was one of the first to locate land in Armada Township, which was a 
part of Section 31, now owned by Abuer Lemon. Mr. Freeman was a military man. hav- 
ing held foiu- commissions of militia, all signed by Stevens T. Mason — Lieutenant, Cap- 
tain. Major and Colonel. He was an energetic and busy man to the time of his death, 
which took place October 4, 1871. The wife died June 17. 1871. 

Beekman Chamberlin was born in Canada June 20, 1793; arrived in Macomb County 
in 1834: took up and cleared 160 acres of land, and spent most of his life in the county; 
married Malinda Adams, a native of Ontario County, N. Y. , and had ten children, seven 
of whom are still living. She died on the homestead in 1875. Mr. Chamberlin died in 
1870: served in the war of 1812 a short time. 

William Young, a native of New Jersey, born in 1801. married Zobida Masters, of 
same place; removed to Macomb in 1833. and lived twenty years in Bruce Township, then 
in Washington six years, then to Armada Village, where he died October Iti, 1863. His 
wife died eight days previously. He was a blacksmith in each place mentioned. 

Timothy Adams, son of Isaac Adams, was born in Ontario County, N. Y., in 1813. 
His father and mother were natives of Massachusetts. He settled in Ai-mada. Section 12. 
in the year 1842, on a fai'm which he cleared up and made his home till the time of his 
death. September 19. 1865. He married, in 1842, Betsey, daughter of Justus Grant, a 
native of Vermont, and had eight childi-en. one of whom sitrvives. Mi's. Adams lives 
upon the homestead. Her father was a survivor of the war of 1812. 

Roswell Webster, a native of Connecticut, came to Macomb in 1825, and took ninety- 
six acres in Washington, now lying in the village of Romeo; had six childi'en, and was a 
soldier in the war of 1812: was wouuded-at the battle of Fort Erie, and received a pension: 
died at his home in Romeo. 

Joseph Goodin was born in Bloomtield, N. Y. ; was a pensioner of the war of 1812; 
came with his father to Romeo in 1830: bought a tract of land in Bruce, upon which both 
father and son died. They were masons by trade, and had miVch to do with the building 
in the earlier days of Romeo. 

Warren Tibbits, familiarly known as "Squire Tibbits,"was born in Vermont in 1802; 
moved while a child to Canada, and remained till 1837; he then removed to Armada 



liL 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Township, where he lived till shortly before his death, when he removed to the village, 
and died Deceiulier '-*4, ISfil. His death was the result of disease of the heart, and was 
very sudden. His wife, Polly Hart, died January '2.2, 1S75, at the age of seventy-live years. 
Ml'. Tibbits was a successful school-teacher in Canada, and a faithful officer in the town- 
ship many years. 

Ira Spencer, one of the oldest settlers of Armada, died February (5, 1876, aged eighty- 
foui- years. He came into the couaty at an early day, and was well known as a Univer- 
salist preacher. He said. " I was born a Democrat, and by the grace of God, I shall die 
a Democrat. " 

Mrs. WilliaiQ Crittenden died April 4. 187t), from injuries received in an ettbrt to 
subdue the flames which destroyed her house that morning. 

Isaac Brabb died at Romeo April 13. 1S7Q, aged eighty- one years. He was one of 
the old settlers of Macomb. 

Nathan G. Bates died at his home in Washington Township April S, 187(5, aged forty 
years. 

Mrs. Maria Maynard Spaalding died June 6, 1S76, aged fifty-one years. 

Mi-s. Aratus Smith died June 9, 1876, at Reading, Mich. , and her remains brought to 
Romeo for burial. 

Mrs. Anna Wilcox died Jiily 7, 1876, iu her eighty-second year. She came to Mich- 
igan in 1831, and settled in Washington Township. 

Duncan Gass, aged seventy-eight years, died August 1, 1876. at his home iu Ray 
Township. He was one of the early settlers of that township. 

Mrs. Frances Curtiss Smith, wife of Caivin Smith, died August 18, 1876, at her home 
in Armada. 

Henry Lawrence died August 16, 1876, in his forty-foui'th year. 

Marvel Shaw, one of the pioneers of Macomb County, died September 17, 1876. He 
settled at Romeo in 1830. 

Ai-galius Streeter died in Bruce October 18, 1876. 

Mi-s. Stitt. wife of Dr. Stitt. died at Romeo in June. 1876. 

Giles Hubl)ard died suddenly November 6. 1876. aged fifty-three years. He was one 
of the old settlers of Mt. Clemens, and a leading lawyer of the State. 

J. Banghart, an old settler of Macomb, died at Romeo November 5, 1876. 

Oratus Hulett. aged seventy-seven years, died at Armada Septemder 25. 1876. 

E. R. Bentley, of Armada, died November 18, 1876. 

Jonas Crissman died at his residence December 15, 1876. aged ninety-one years. He 
was one o' the pioneers of Macomb. 

Mrs. Diadema Crippen died January 16, 1877, in her eighty-ninth year. She was 
born in Washington County, N. Y., September '20, 1783. 

Frances Day, wife of Porter M. Lathrop. died January "J. 1877. She was born at 
Dryden March 5. 1838, and was the daughter of John W. Day. one of the first settlers of 
that town. 

David Mansfield died January 20. 1S77, in his seventy-seventh year. He was among 
the first settlers of Memphis in 1836. 

Mrs. Lydia Rix, wife of Oel Rix, settled at Memphis in 1840; died January 4, 1877, 
aged sixty-two years. 

Mrs. Mary E. Kingsbury died March 11, 1S77. She was an old resilient of Disco. 

Mrs. Marv Ann Gilliert died March 18, 1877, aged seventy-five vears. Her husband, 
L. S. Gilbert, "died in 1.S67. 

Mrs. C. M. Palmer, formerly of Romeo, died at San Francisco, Cal.. March 12, 1877. 
aged forty- two years. 



nv 



.^ 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Mrs. Elizabeth Stone died at Richmond in Febrnaiy, 1S78. aged eighty-six years. 

Mrs. Smith, mother of H. O. and G. S. Smith, of Macomb County, died at Madison. 
Ind., Febnxary 6, 1878, in her ninety-second year. 

Rev. Daniel J. Poor, formerly pastor of the Congregational Church in Foxboro, and 
teacher of the schools at Romeo, died at Lexington, 111., Januaiy 29, 1878. 

Mrs. Mariah Donaldson, wife of Joseph Donaldson, died at the residence of her niece, 
in Detroit. November 14, 1877. Mrs. Donaldson was qnite well known in Macomb County, 
having resided for a number of years in Romeo. She ha I reached the extreme age of sev- 
enty years. Her remains were taken to Marshall for burial. 

Mrs. Palethorpe died November 27. 1877. 

The wife of Mr. Wilkes L. Stuart, of Newaygo, in this State, died November 29, 1877. 
Mrs. Stuart was the last sm-viving sister of Mr. Cyrus Hopkins, of this place, and will be 
remembered by many of the older residents of this section as having been a resident of 
Romeo in its early days, settling here in 1825. She was seventy-three years of age at the 
time of her death. 

Arnold P. Sykes, brother of A. J. Sykes, of Macomb County, died at Saginaw Decem- 
ber 14, 1877. He served in the United States Navy for thi-ee years. 

Frisbie Spencer died in January, 1878, at Detroit, on his way home from California, 
where he had been for his health. 

James Reside died in California in January, 1878. 
- Mi-s. Josephine B. Stansbury, widow of the late Edwin A. Stansbury, died at the 
residence of Hon. A. B. Maynai'd in June, 1878. 

Greorge Scott, an old resident of Mt. Clemens, eighty-four years of age, died Septem- 
ber 9, 1878. 

Almon D. Manley died fi'om brain disease, at Romeo, on the 10th of September, 1878. 
He was the only son of Mr. and Mi-s. J. W. Manley; was born in Macomb Township Au- 
gust 4, 1844; his parents were among the oldest settlers of Shelby Township. He was 
an inventor, and much of his machinery is now in practical use. 

Mrs. Taylor, wife of Thomas Taylor, died at her home in the town of Bruce Septem- 
ber 30, 1878. She was sixty-seven years of age. 

Mrs. Mary Brooks died September 30, 1878, aged seventy years; wife of E. Brooks, 
of Armada. * 

Elisha Briggs died at his residence in Davis. October 7, 187N, after a long and pain- 
ful illness, aged fifty. 

Mrs. Caroline Hartung, mother of Greorge Hartung, died October 20, 1878. Mrs. 
Hartung was seventy-eight j^ears of age, and the mother of twelve childi-en, nine of whom 
survive. 

Cyrus Hopkins died November 10, 1878, aged seventy-six years. He was born in 
Ontario County, N. Y., in 1802. He came to Michigan in 1830, and, with the exception 
of some two years, has been a resident of Romeo since that time. Previous to the build- 
ing of the new Congi-egational Church, he was for more than thirty years the sexton. 

Joseph Sikes, who died at his residence two miles south of Romeo, November 5, lS7iS, 
had owned and lived on the same farm-for thirty-seven years — along period for the West. 
He was well known to the )ieo]5le as a most industrious, honorable, enterprising and 
successful farmer. 

Miss Adelia M. Miller, born at Warsaw. N. Y.. April 18, 1820, settled with her i)ar- 
ents in Washington Township in June, 1822; died December 11, 1878. 

Mrs. Grilbert Conklin died December 3. 1878, aged sixty-eight years. She dwelt in 
the neighborhood of Mt. Vernon. Macoml) County, for a period extending over forty 
years. 



"Tt^- 



V 



:±=^iL 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Mrs. Kimball, mother of Mrs. W. Coykendall, died at the latter's residence December 
1, 1878. The deceased was quite aged, being about eighty-three. 

Col. John Stockton, of Mt. Clemens, a pioneer of Macomb, and one of the early states- 
men of Michigan, died November 26, 1878. 

Charles Moser died at Mt. Clemens February 2(). 1878. 

Albert Ely Leete was born in Stamford, Dutchess Co., N. Y., July 1. 1802, and died 
at Romeo. Mich.. February 24, 1878. He was the seventh generation and lineal descend- 
ant of William Leete. who came to this country from England in lfi;^9, as Governor of 
the Colony of New Haven. After the consolidation of New Haven and Connecticut Colo- 
nies under the name of Connecticut, in 1G65, Gov. Leete was chosen as Governor of the two 
united colonies, and held that honorable and responsible place till his death, in IfiSS. 
Dr. Leete" s mother. Clarinda Gal^, was also descended from one of the old and reputable 
families of Connecticut. Dr. Leete was married, March 17, 1831, in Palenville, N. Y. , 
to Miss Catherine Palen. Seven chikhen — four sons and three daughters — are the fruit 
of this marriage. Two sons have died — one at the age of two and a half years, the other 
in military service in 18()4. Mrs. Leete. two sons and three daughters, siu'vive to mourn 
his loss. 

George Washer died suddenlv April 8, 1878, for many years a celebrated auctioneer. 

Mrs. Beagle, widow of Charles Beagle, died April 20, 1878. 

Mrs. Elizabeth Morrison died in Shelby April 24, 1878, <iged seventy-eight years. 

Una Miller died May 2, 1878, after a long and very painful illness of that terrible 
disease, cancer of the throat. He was an honored member of the Methodist Episcopal 
society, and universally respected. The parents were the first permanent settlers in Wash- 
ington, coming in June, 1822, and the deceased is siipposed to have been the first white 
male child born in the town. He was born in the spring of 1823, and was accordingly 
fifty-five at the time of his death. 

The wife of William Pool, an old resident of Bruce, died May 5, 1878. aged sixty 
six years. She came to Michigan in 1848. settling on the farm on which she died on the 
5th of Jlay, 1878. She was married on the 7th dav of May, 1829, and was buried on the 
8th of May. 1878. 

Henry Collins died May 8, 1878, at the residence of M. I. Brabb. Mr. Collins was 
seventy years of age, and was an old pioneer in this section, settling here hi 1831. He 
was a man highly esteemed by his neighbors and friends. He was one of the sti'ongest 
Democrats in the town of Bruce. 

John H. Williams, born in Washington County. N. Y., in 1815; died in Macomb 
County, Mich.. May, 1878. 

Mrs. M. A. Dickinson, a former prominent resident of Romeo, died on the 25th of 
April, 1878, at the residence of her son-in-law, D. L. Gillette, at Westfield, Mass., at 
the age of seventy one years. Mrs. Dickinson was a pioneer in this section, coming to 
Romeo with her husband, Nathan Dickinson, about the year 1838. and remaining here for 
some years after that gentleman's death, in 1861, going hence in 1869, and making her 
home with her daughter at Westfield until her death. 

Mrs. Charles Kennett, Sr., died June 2, 1878, aged seventy-nine years. 

Mrs. Nancy Lamb Andrus, of Washington Township, born at Wilbraham, Mass.. No- 
vember 15, 1790, died June 19, 1878, in the eighty-eighth year of her age. 

Sylvester De Land, after a severe sickness of a few weeks, passed away December 8, 
1878. He came to Michigan in 1833; lived for a short time in Romeo, then in Ray, but 
finally pui'chased land near Memphis, where he resided about thirty years. For the past 
ten years he has been a resident of Memphis Village. He was sixty-seven years old, and 
left a wife and six children. 






4^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



An old man seventy-eight years of age passed away from ns January 29, 1879. In 
liis voutli, he had married the lady of his choice. He was a Catholic, and she was a Prot- 
estant. The marriage ceremony was not performed by a priest. Dm-ing his last sickness, 
a few days before his death, a priest called, and, finding that he wished to die in the 
Catholic faith and be bmied in their consecrated grounds, decided that, in order to have 
this favor, he must be mai'ried according to the reijuirements of the chui'ch, by one of their 
priests. The old lady presented the wedding ring which she had received in her youth, 
and the two were married by the priest. The husband soon died, and his remains were 
bmied in the Catholic cemetery at Kenockee. 

Lester Giddings, a pensioner in the war of 1812, died January 2, 1879, in the eighty- 
seventh year of his age. He was born in June, 1792, at Granvill , Washington Co., N. 
Y. , to which place his father, Niles Gidding.s, moved from Hartland, Conn., soon after the 
Revohitionary war. 

Broughton Adams, for many years a resident of Macomb, died on Christmas Day, 1879, 
at Decatur. Van Buren Co., Mich., aged seventy-nine years. 

Mrs. Green Freeman was born in Meriden, Conn.. September 15, 1816, and was nearly 
sixty-thi-ee years of age at the time of her death, which occmTed last Saturday morning, 
January, 11, 1879. She was man-ied July 7, 1842, moving immediately West, locating at 
Mt. Clemens, Macomb Co.. Mich.: moved to Poiitiac in iSGo. She leaves a husband and 
six children to mourn her loss. Her death was very sudden and unexpected. 

Orrin Southwell, an old resident of Romeo, died at Wenona, 111., February 21, 1879. 

iVIrs. L. D. Owen died at Romeo from heart disease April 8, 1879. 

Joshua B. Dickenson, Mayor of Mt. Clemens, died in May, 1879. 

Yarnum Lufkiu, of Mt. Clemens, died January 9, 1880, aged seventy years. 

Mi-s. Nancy Palmerlee, born at Goshen, Litchfield Co., Conn., August 4, 1786; died 
in Bruce Township December 30, 1879, in her ninety-foiu'th year. She settled there in 1832. 

Orsel Dudlev, born in New York State March 21, 1800, died near Romeo January 
18, 1880. 

Mrs. Ezekiel Allen died at Mt. Clemens January 25, 1880, aged eighty years. She 
located there in 1821. 

]Mi-s. Mary Crocker, mother of T. M. Crocker, of Mt. Clemens, died in May, 1880, at 
New Baltimore. 

M. A. Holcomb, a former resident of Romeo, died at Oxford November 2, 1880. 

Hiram Bancroft died November 7, 1880, aged fifty-eight years. 

Mrs. Anna Cooley, relict of the deceased Noah Cooley, died at the old homestead 
November 16, 1880, aged seventy-six years. Her husband died in 1877. 

Joseph B. Hart died November 10, 1880. aged about sixty years. He was a resident 
of Romeo for over forty-eight years. 

Joseph Yates, of Washington Township, died November 17, 1800, aged seventy years. 

Mrs. Anne Lockwood died November 21, 1880. For a period of forty-four years, she 
had been a resident of Mt. Vernon, this county. 

Mrs. Uriah Haines died suddenly at the house of Samuel Bently, in Bruce Town- 
ship, December 10, 1880. 

Mrs. Cornelius Everett, of Bruce, sister of Amos and Lucius Palmerlee, died Decem- 
ber 11, 1880. 

Rev. W. P. Russell, born August 1, 1812, at Milton, Saratoga Co., N. Y.. settled at 
Memphis, Macomb Countv, in LS-tS, where he remained, with the exception of one year, 
tmtil his death. May 11, 1880. 

Col. Noi-man Perry, born in Northumberland Townshij), Saratoga Co., N. Y., April 
20, 1796; died July 19, 1880. 



rt* 



A 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Dr. James P. Whitney, one of the early physicians of Northern Macomb, died in 
California November 25, 1880. 

Benjamin Cooley, of Bruce, died on the 7th of January, 1881. He was born in Ver- 
mont August 7. 1811: moved to Michigan in 1832: cleared up a large farm, and died on 
the farm which he located nearly half a century ago. 

James Brooks, an aged citizen of Romeo, died in January, 1881. 

Hugh Hosner, an old settler of Macomb, died Jamiary 29. 1881, aged sixty-eight 
years. He was born in New York November 4, 1808. 

Mrs. Theodosia Lamb died February 2, 1881. aged eighty-nine years. She was born 
at Bennington, Vt. . March 26, 1792. She came with her husband, Otis Lamb, to Mich- 
igan, in 1824. Her husband died in 185fi. 

Mrs. Laiu'a Lowell, an old resident of Northern Macomb, died at Adrian February 
9, 1881. aged seventy- two years. 

The oldest citizen of Macomb County, Jacques Thibault, died at his home, in Har 
rison Township, March 6. 1881, aged one hundred and five years. 

J.G. Stranahan, an old resident, died March It), 1881, aged seventy-one years. 

James Sharpstein. an aged citizen of Bruce, died March 13, 1881, in his seventy-first 
year. 

Asa Austin, a survivor of the Mexican war, aged seventy years, died at Romeo March 
23, 1881. 

Mrs. Lucinda Overton, aged sixty-seven years, died in Richmond Township March 
11, 1881, 

David Anderson, of Bruce, died March 9, 1881, aged seventy-two years, 

Samuel Waycntt, an old settler of Macomb County, died April 3, 1881. 

Mrs. Stephen Bailey died April 16, 1881, in Romeo. . 

Mrs. Helen Harvey died at Utica, Mich., in April, 1881. 

Mrs. Bailey, widow of the late Asahel Bailey, and one of the first white women in 
Romeo, died at her residence July 4, 1881, in her eighty-third year. She was the mother 
of a number of children, the most of not all of them reside in this ]ilace. 

Mrs. John Varney died July 23, 1881, aged fifty years. 

J, Jackson Crissman, an old resident of Washington Township, died xYugust 5, 1881, 
aged sixty-two years. 

Mrs. C. P. Glaspie, daughter of Joseph Atkinson, of Romeo, died in August, 1881, 
at Detroit. 

Mrs. Levi F. Giddings, daughter of P. M. Beutley, died in Shelby Township, Sep- 
tember, 1881, aged thirty-five. She was born in Ontario County. N. Y., and came to Ma- 
comb County with her parents in 1846. 

Mi-s. Sarah E. Taylor, wife of Hiram Taylor, born in Rutland Co., Vt., August 23, 
1836, died in Armada, Mich., September 24, 1881, in her forty-sixth year. 

Ezra Nye died October 9, I88I, aged forty-five years. 

Mrs. Leah Kiel was born in 1823; died October 1, 1881. 

Mrs. Le Roy died in East Saginaw October 12, 1881. 

Mi-s. Susan Mahaflfy. born in Tyrone. Ireland, November 11. 1807, married Hugh 
MahafFy, and with him came to Michigan forty-nine years ago; died October 29, 1881, 

John Bough ton, an old settler of Macomb Townshij). died November 4, 1881. 

Michael R. Sutton died November 12, 1881, in his eighty-fom-th year. 

Hugh Harper, an aged citizen of Romeo, died suddenly November 28, 1881, aged 
sixty-five years. 

Mrs. Nancy S. Axtell. died December 4. 1881 . She was born at Mendham, Morris Co. , 
N. J., December 23, 1792. Her husband died in 1855. 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Frank Tremble, or Trombley. of Erin Township, died April 25, 1881. aged seventy- 
one yeai-o. He was one of the old residents of Macomb County, and a prominent member 
of the Catholic Church. 

John Stephens, who died in Detriot October 31, 1881, was a gentleman well known 
to the older resi " "-nts of Macomb County. He came to Mt. Clemens in 1 838. and, in com- 
pany with his brother, Moore Stephens, went into general merchandise. They made a 
large fortune. In 1852, Mr. Stephens went to Detroit and engaged in the wholesale gro- 
cery business. 

IVIrs. J. C. High, mother of William and John High, died November 24, 1881, in her 
eighty-sixth year. Mrs. High was an old resident of this city, and a most estimable lady. 
She was for many years a devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

Jacob Allmond died in Erin October 17, 1881, in his seventy-tirst year. Mr. Allmond 
was born in France, and came to this city in 1856. settling in the township where he 
died. He was a well-known and highly esteemed citizen, to which fact a f imeral proces- 
sion neai'ly a mile long attested. 

William Gass, one of the earliest settlers in this vicinity, died on Decenlber 31, 

1881, at his home in the town of Ray. 

Hugh Gray died January 1, 1882. He was born in Ayreshire, Scotland. December 
31, 1806. He came to this country with his parents in 1832. He was brought up a farm- 
er in his native county, and he located a farm near Romeo upon his arrival. With his 
brother. Neil Gray, he, for a number of years successfully operated a flouring-mill at Clif- 
ton a few miles southwest of Romeo. Subsequently, he removed to the latter place, where, 
as we have said, he interested himself actively in good works. Next to the chiu-ch, the 
temperance cause interested him, and, during the last thirty years, he has been a promi- 
nent member of the Sons of Temperance Society. In 1837, he mairied Emma A. Buit, 
formerly of Coimecticut, who still siu-vives. 

Mrs. Orpha Adams, wife of A. B. Adams, of Utica, departed this life February 15, 

1882, aged seventy-six years. The funeral was held at the Methodist Chm-ch on Sun- 
day morning at 10:30. Mrs. Adams was one of the oldest and most respected citizens. 

Elias Hall, who lived one and a half miles east of Washington, died in 1882. aged 
eighty-three years. Deceased came to Macomb County in 1832. and lived on the same 
farm ever since. 

Anson Grinnell died Februai-y 5, 1882. He was born in New York State Jauuaiy 
21. 1807, moved to Michigan in 1827 and was a resident of Davis for fifty-five years. 
Mr. Wright, another old settler, died the same month. 

Catherine Dickenson, daughter of Joshua B. Dickenson, first Mayor of Mt. Clemens, 
and wife of Georsre M. Crocker, died Februarv 7, 1882. She was born at Mt. Clemens in 
1848. 

David Casey, an old resident of Romeo, died June 12, 1882, aged fifty-seven years. 

Hannah Book, a mute, residing at Clifton, near Romeo, set her house on tire and 
ofifered herself a victim to the flames. May 29, 1882. 






4« 



LiL 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



CHAPTER XXVIil. 

CHRONOLOGY. 

It is essential that the principal happenings should befnllyand impartially recorded, 
and a mention made of every event possessing even the least historical merit. The writer 
timls it just possible to obtain such data as would enable him to deal specially with the 
great chapters of this record book — with the most important items in the history of this 
county. Notwithstanding all diligence in inquiry, all the valuable co-o])eration rendered 
by the survivors of early settlement, as well as of the citizens of the present time, many 
facts would escape notice, had not the chronological table been prepared for their recep- 
tion. To render this valuable, an effort has been made to notice the happenings of our 
own time, and mention the j^rincipal events of early years. The data given may be ac- 
cepted as coiTect in every particular; for a great portion of it has been abridged fi'om 
written records, while all that is legendary and circumstantial point directly to the oeciu-- 
rences and men concerned. 

The histories of the city, villages and townships of the county, together with the 
pioneer chapter of the general history, contain a great deal of items which would offer a 
full chronological table from the organization of the county to 1866, when the present re- 
view may be said to begin. Yet. to avoid repetition, such items are allowed to appear in 
that section of the work devoted to the locality where they belong. 

The massacre of the Sauks by the Otchipwes took place in 1520. Eev. Brebosuf and 
Daniels visited the district in 1634-38. The great snow fell in 1755. Allouez and Du- 
vall, or Dablon, came in 1665. The Griffin anchored at the mouth of the river in 1674. 

Louis Pateuaude located here in 1751, and built a log cabin in 1758. The OtchipweB 
marched to the aid of Pontiac in 1762. Many of the Indians left the valley of the Huron, 
or Clinton, to assist La Balme in his enterprise against the British post at Detroit, in 
1780. The Moravians arrived at New Gnadtenhutten in 1781. Numerous settlements 
were made in the county from 1781 to 1795. 

The first marriage in the county among the American pioneers was that of Richard 
Conner and Mary Myers in 1781. 

The first white child boi-n in the district now known as Macomb County was the 
daughter of Richard Connor, or O'Connor, and Mary Myers, the captive of the Otchipwes. 
This child gi-ew up and was one of the contracting parties in one of the first matrimonial 
affairs among the American pioneers. 

The first tree-jilanting in Macomb County was upon the banks of the Clinton (then 
Hm-on) River, in the vicinity of Mt. CJlumens, one hundred years ago. This orchard was 
probably planted by the Moravians, who had moved from the Muskingum, in Ohio. These 
first trees, some of which are still standing, show marks of great age, ai'e of very large 
size and of a kind of fruit with which the orchardists of the present day are not acquaint- 
ed. At this time, a family by the name of Tucker settled on the Hm-on River and un- 
doubtedly planted fruit-trees. 

Richard Connor, the first English speaking settler in Macomb County, located here in 
178L 

William Tucker made a permanent location in the county so early as 1784, when he 
brought his family from Detroit hither. 




Q^^.£,-€^i^^ji. ^-2^-^?-^^^ x:^(2). 



{ dece/sed) 



i) > 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The first house of worship was the Catholic Church, erected a short time previous to 
1795, on the south bank of the Huron, four miles distant from Mt. Clemens. 

The first Baptist house of worship was built in 1843. Two years previously, the 
Presbyterians erected their ehiu'ch at Mt. Clemens. 

Frani;ois Tremble left the mouth of the Huron for the north, was stabbed by the Sag- 
inaws, and. in an effort to retm-n to his home, was lost in Lake Hm'on, 1792. 

Onabouse, a fierce Otchipwe, was made captive near Mt. Clemens in 1806, taken to 
Detroit, convicted of many murders, and hanged. 

Louis Cam[)eau and Jacob Smith passed some months in this county in ISll, trading 
with the Indians. 

The Boyer faniily, made captive near Mt. Clemens during the war ot 1812, were res- 
cued by Jacob Smith from their brutal jailors at the great camp of Saginaw. 

The village of Mt. Clemens was named by Gen. Macomb long before its incorpora- 
tion, in honor of the pioneer. Christian Clemens. 

Macomb County was named at the suggestion of Christian Clemens in 1818, in recog- 
nition of Gen. Macomb's services to Michigan and the "Union. 

The first fi'ame sti'uctm-e in the county was raised in 1817 for John Stockton. It was 
an addition to the log house in which Judge Clemens dwelt, the attachment to his house 
being accounted for by the conciliating fact that immediately prior to its building Col. 
Stockton maiTied Mile. Allen, the Judge's step-daughter. 

The sqviatters on the lands in Macomb County were summoned to Detroit in 1808-10 
to prove their occupancy of claims previous to 1796. 

Macomb CoTinty was organized in 1818. 

The Black Day rose over the county November 8, 1819. 

Kiskako, of Saginaw, the terror of Macomb, committed suicide at Detroit in 18'J5. 

In 1830. the Indians of the Clinton River entered on a Western movement. 

In 1837, an Indian of the Riley band, was killed by a falling tree. After months of 
searching, the body of the savage was found. 

In 1837-3,8, small-pox decimated the lodges of the Indians. 

In 1836, the Bank of Macomb received a charter fi-om the Legislature. Under the 
law of 1837, the State Banking law was passed, when Representative Monfore, of Macomb, 
was one of the four members who opposed the dangerous law. 

A bill of complaint was filed for violation of law against the Hm'on River Bank, 
I^raying for injunction and appointment of Receiver. The prayer was gi-anted by the 
Commissioners. 

Digby Y. Bell, writing December 30, 1839, states: '"The Macomb County Bank, it is 
said, has not closed its doors, and the amount of its circulation is very limited and trifling, 
which they redeem on presentation." 

Of the 1.060 muskets received by the military authorities of the Territory of Mi_ihi- 
gan, from Lieut. J. Howard, of the United States Army, in May and June, 1S32. only 
450 stand could be found in 1839, of which number fifty were in the armory or distributed 
among the people of Mt. Clemens 

The aboriginal inhabitants of Macomb left their land forever in 1838. 

Anthony Wells, of Memphis, a pioneer, was killed by his horse in 1841. 

The Methodist Episcopal Society erected a church at Mt. Clemens in 1841. 

Mrs. Hoag was killed about the year 1850 by the splinters of a boiler which exploded 
in the Hoag saw -mi 11. 

Rev. Mr. Case, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of Detroit, was the first minister 
of the Protestant denomination who visited Macomb County, coming into the Tucker set- 
tlement in 1807. 



^ 



3 J 



!K 



The First German Evangelical Chxirch building was constructed in 1860. 

The Macomb Democrat was first issued at Mt. Clemens November 5, 1835. 

Abraham Donaldson was crushed to death by a falling tree, April, 1838. 

Harry Day. a son of Erastus Dav. aged about three years, was drowned in a well May 
27, 1844. 

The first copy of the Romeo Argus was issued May 10. 1857. Among the first cor- 
respondents was J. E. Day, of Armada, who says: "After an interval of six years' press- 
less silence, we are rejoiced with the prospect that the village of Romeo will soon be her- 
alded by a weekly journal."' 

In July, 1863, Col. Farrar, of Mt. Clemens, was in command of a division of the 
troops ordered out to suppress the anti-draft riots in New York. 

The tournament and celebration at Mt. Clemens, July 3 and 4, l'S'68, was participated 
in by over 5,000 people. 

A meteor passed over the county November 1, 1857. The visiting comet was seen 
June 30, 1861. 

The trains ran over the Grand Trunk Railroad, through Macomb County, in 1859. 

The Mt. Clemens Press was established under the name Macomb Conserrative Press 
in the year 1864. Spencer B. Russell assumed control of the joiu-nal May 1, 1873, and has 
published it since that time. Lewis M. Miller iuaugm-ated the Mt. Clemens Reporter in 1873. 
The Investigator was first published at Romeo in December, 1850. The first number of 
the Romeo Observer was issued May 3, 1866, J. Rnssell, editor and publisher. 

An old lady living within four miles of Romeo settled in the county at a very early 
day, j'et visited Indian Village only once in thirty years, this visit being i)aid in the year 
1844. 

Charles Bentley, son of Samuel Bentley, aged fourteen years, left home April 8, 1866, 
and was not heard of for some time. 

The citizens of Utica held a meeting June 2, 1866, for the purpose of raatiu-ing plans 
for the construction of a railroad from Detroit to their village. 

The German Lutheran Church, of W'aldenbiu-g, was dedicated June 24^ 1866. 

The stoi-m of June 14, 1866, resulted in the loss of 500 sheep in the northern towns 
of Macomb, together with the numerous losses to persons and property. 

A son of Mr. Geno, residing fom- miles southeast of Brooklyn, was accidentally shot 
by a bo}' named Ellis July 5. 1866. 

In July, 1866, Col. William Wilkinson received from the military department his 
commi-ssion as Brevet Colonel United States Volunteers, for distinguished services during 
the war. 

Freedom Mom-oe, of Romeo, patented a land-leveler, invented by him, April 17, 1866. 

The squirrel-hunting match between Washington and Ray came oft' September 2, 
1866. The whole number of squirrels killed was 1,680. Ray claimed 180 squirrels over 
their antagonists. 

The Bottomley hoop-skirt factory was inaugurated at Romeo in Sei)tember, 1866. 

Pearsall's stage, running between Ridgeway and Romeo, was upset September 10, 
1866, and each of the nine passengers injured. 

A barn owned by the Widow Pierce, of Washington Township, was destroyod by fire 
September 11, 1866. The day previous, the dwelling-house of Richard Jersey, two 
miles east of Romeo, was j^artially destroyed by fire. 

The Boys in Blue signed a declaration of unswerving fidelity to the Union, and reiter- 
ated their credo, " no rebel bread and butter in our haversacks," September 15. 1866. 

The great addi-ess to the followers of the Republican party of Macomb was issued in 
September, 1866, signed by Edgai- Weeks, Irving D. Hanscom and T. M. Wilson. 



Jt^ 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The Washington and Ray Wolverine Sporting Chib met September '22, 1866, when 
4,265 squirrels were killed, of which number the \\"ashiiigtoniaas killed 2. 14-U, and the 
boys of Ray, 2.116. 

The Soldiers" Convention was held at Brooklyn in October. 1 S66. 

The Johnsonian policy of reconstruction created some excitement thioughout Macomb 
County in September and October, 1866.' 

George Cameron and Barton Bromley broke jail at Mt. Clemens November 5, 1866. 

Charles G. Tinsman, of Washington Township, husked 122 biishels of coin in the ear 
out of the shock within ten hoiu's, in November, 186(i. 

In November. 1866, Col. \\'illiam Wilkinson entered a suit for $10,000 damages 
against Ira 8. Pearsall, on account of injuries received while traveling in a stage coach 
owned by the defendant. The plaintitf employed A. B. Maynard and E. F. Mead as at- 
torneys. 

A child of William H. Brabb was rescued from a terrible death by bmming. owing 
to the timely arrival of his mother, November 18, 1866. 

The stage-drivers between Romeo and Almont and Romeo and Ridgeway, in 1866, 
were called dniukards. 

William McBride attempted suicide within the State prison December U, 1866. 

The annual meeting of the ]\racoml3 County Agi'icultiu-al Society was held at the 
house of Stephen H. Davis, at Brooklyn. December 13, 1866. 

Dwight R. Andrus, son of Loren Andrus, of Washington Township, was accidentally 
shot at Central City, Colo., in November, 1866. The wounds were not fatal. 

The poisoning of the Culver family at Ripon, Wis., was recorded December 25, 1866. 
The Culvers were formerly citizens of Washington Township. 

Daniel B. Briggs, of Romeo, was appointed Clerk to the House Judiciary Committee, 
in January, 1867. 

The Young Men's Association of Romeo was organized January 16, 1867. 

George W. Powell, a youth of nineteen years, hanged himself February 13, 1867. 

Degree Temple, Independent Order of Good Templars, was organized at Romeo 
March 2, 1867. 

A man named Armstrong, employed by Ignaee Morass, attempted to cut his throat 
February 24. 1867, which act his employer prevented. Two days later, however, he svic- 
ceeded in drowning himself. 

Henry Seals was ch-iving a, team, loaded with hay, past the Rice farm, February 25, 
1867. when the wagon glided from the slippery highway into the ditch, overturning th« 
load and bmying his wife and infant child, who were seated on the hay, beneath it. The 
infant was drowned, while the mother bai-ely escaped a similar death. 

Major Heciw Howgate, who succeeded Capt. William Hulsart as Postmaster at Ro- 
meo, was superseded by Col. William Wilkinson, in March, 1867. 

A horse thirty-two years old was shot by the owner, Nathan Rowley, of Armada, in 
March. 1867. 

An infant child of Charles Howland received a feed of blue vitriol from its little 
sister, and died March Ki, 1867. 

The $10,000 action for damages entered by Col. Wilkinson versus Ira Pearsall 
was settled amicably in April, 1867, by a pajTneut of $1,000 and a free pass over the stage 
line for life by the latter. 

F. Pole, a stranger in Macomb County, was drowned in Cusiek Lake, April 29, 1867. 

A lodge of Crood Templai-s was organized at Washington Village Ai)ril 30. 186/. 
The Good Templars' Convention was held at Armada. May 14 and 15. 1867. 

A German named Hartwig was accidentally killed at Clifton May 2, 1867. 



/ 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



A son of Thomas Oliver fell into the Clinton River at Mt. Clemens, May 23, 1S67, 
and was drovpned. 

A man named Carley shot an adversary named McCall near Memphis, May 21, 1807. 
Death was instantaneous. 

A Good Templars Lodge was formed in Macomb Township, May 23, 18(37. 

The Robinson tract, near Mt. Clemens, was sold September 20, 18(37, the lands bring- 
ing from SjioO to 1125 per acre. 

James Benjamin, an old resident of Romeo, was killed at Dryden, Lapeer County, 
September 12, 18(37. by a fall from a church steeple to the roof of the building. 

The barn of Sanford Corbiu, the house of B. B. Redtield and that of J. J. Bentley 
were all damaged by lightning diu'ing the storm of October 2, 18(37. 

The county ])oor house was destroyed by lire October 22, 1867. The Phelps House, 
one of the oldest buildings at Mt. Clemens, was totally destroyed December 11. 1867. 
It was built by Alfred Ashley in 1822, as a hotel, for which purpose it was used up to the 
date of its destruction. 

James Weightman, a soldier in the war for the Union, and a printer at Romeo, died 
February 13, 1868. 

Freedom Alonroe ofl'ered to the Grand Truuk Railroad, of Michigan, March, 1868, the 
model of his patent bridge, provided such comj)auy would adopt this system of bridge- 
building on the new railroad. 

William McRoy committed suicide by hanging himself, April 30, 18(38. 

Mrs. Robert Ramsey, living near Richmond, was fouud drowned in Belle River, May 
y. 18(58. 

The Grand Army of the Republic was organized at Romeo, May 9, 1868. with Col. 
Wilkinson, Commander. 

William Manchester, of Richmond, a boy nine years old, was killed May 17, 18(38, by 
a failing tree. 

The Romeo brass band was organized July 16, 1868. 

The fifth annual meeting of the Farmers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of Ma- 
comb and St. Clair, was held at Richmond Jtme U, 1868. 

A fire at Armada, July 28. 1868, destroyed the E. F. Sibley building. 

^Villiam B. Sutton committed suicide at Brooklyn August 22, 1868. 

A large brick building being erected for Dr. J. S. Smith and Capt. Hiram Barrows 
fell in September 19, 1868. Dr. Smith was killed and Marion Grout injured. 

The first charter election of Armada Village took place January 14, 1868. 

Albert Weightman. son of William Weightman. of Romeo, was drowned in Cusiek 
Lake, November 13. 1868. 

Charles Phillips shot one of his employes, named Robert Wirtz, in December, 1868. 
The wound was slight. 

A street preacher by the name of Clemens was arrested in Toledo in January, 1869. 
The following is the charge against him: '"One Alfred C. Clemens did unlawfully make 
a gi-eat noise, outcry and clamor, to the annoyance and disturbance of divers good and 
]ieac(<able citizens." He is the same gentleman who harangued the people of Macomb in 
1868 upon his peculiar religious views. He is a nephew of the late Judge Clemens, 
founder of Mt. Clemens, and quite wealthy. Aside fi-om a slight derangement on the 
subject of religion, he is a gentleman and a scholar. 

Nearly 7,000 cords of hard wood were shipped from Mt. Clemens to Detroit during 
the season of 1868 by the following jiarties: William Hines, 1,000 cords; O. Chajiaton, 
3,500 cords; J. Hubbard and Traver & Van Eps, 750 cords; C. Barley, 1.200 cords; other 
parties, 500 cojds. Also about 400,000 feet of hard wood lumber. 

A, _ : 4^ 

^ £ r "T © V 



The Mt. Clemens salt works were leased to Charles Lamb and E. Wright Hall, in 
January, 1869. These gentlemen ran the well, giving the company one-seventh part of 
the salt mannfactiu'ed for the privilege. The works were shut down for the winter in 
order to put uji additional tanks, etc., but commenced running early in March following. 

A man named Felix Laforge. residing in the town of Chesterfield, near New Balti- 
more, committed suicide, January 11, ISfi'J, by shooting himself through the heart with a 
shot-gun He was poorly provided with the goods of this world, and, having a large 
family of little childi-eu dependent upon him for support, he became discouraged and 
tired of life, and. in a fit of depression, adopted this means to free himself of earthly 
trouble. On the morning in question, he took his gun and started for the woods, with 
the avowed intention of going out hunting. He was accompanied by his little son. 
When arrived in the woods, he ordered his son home. On refusing to go, he threatened 
to shoot him if he longer disobeyed his command. In fear of his life, the boy at length 
started. On his way home, he met a neighbor, to whom he communicated the unusual 
manner in which his father had treated him. The two then started toward the woods in 
the direction where the boy said he had left his father, and had proceeded but a short 
distance when the report of a giui was heard. Hastening forward, they soon ai-rived at 
the spot where the unfortunate man lay dead. He had deliberately fastened the giui to 
the trunk of a tree, and, placing the muzzle against his heart, fii-ed the fatal shot. 

Col. Alonzo M. Keeler engaged in the work of preparing abstracts of title to all the 
lands in Macomb County. April, 1869. 

Lewis Tanner committed siiicide by cutting his throat, April 15, 1869. 

The M. E. Chiu-ch of Chesterfield was dedicated October 3, 1869. 

Rev. P. R. Hui'd, Pastor of the Congregational Chm-ch, Romeo, for two decades, 
resigned in October, 1869. 

The second annual re-union of the Eighth Michigan CavaliT was held at Mt. Clemens 
October 26, 1869. 

Samuel H. Ewell became editor and publisher of the Observer October 20, 1869. 

A son of Aratus Pool, of Bruce, fell from a wagon and dislocated his neck. He died 
October 19, 1869. 

Mary Jane Terry died suddenly April 22, 1869, at Romeo. 

The dwelling house of Rev. W. P. Russell, of Memphis, was destroyed by fire April 
24, 1869. 

The examination of Dr. Thomas Stitt, charged with the murder of Mary Jane Teiry, 
on April 22, 1869, took place before C. F. Mallary. May 7, 1869. 

The explosion of a Grand Trunk Raihoad locomotive. May 29, 1869, at Ridgeway. 
resulted in the death of Joseph Grinnell, Robert Davis, and a daughter of Mr. Warren. 

The corner-stone of the M. E. Church at New Haven, formerly Baltimore Station, 
was laid June 16, 18(')9. 

Dwight N. Lowell and James Beardon, of Romeo, were admitted to the bar of ]\Ia- 
comb County June 22, 1869. 

George Ironmonger, Barbara Stow and Eliza White were drowned in Aldrich's mill 
pond, near Utica, July 6, 1869. 

The foundation for the Gray Block, at Romeo, was laid in July, 1869. 

A destructive storm swept over Macomb County July 15, 186Vt. 

Arthiu- Bottomlev, aged eight vears, was killed bv a kick from a horse, August 4, 
1869. 

Green Bigsbv's dwelling, in Washington Township, was destroyed bv fire August 13, 
1869. 

The comet of 1869 was visible in Macomb County. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



-r^ 



A sou of Robert Rood was drowned in the race near Proctor's Mill. August. 25. 1869. 

Dinah Smith's will was established befoi-e Judge Sackett, September 0, 1869. 

An extensive conflagration at Richmond, Seiiteuiber 13, 1869, resulted in the destruc- 
tion of property valued at S5,0"0. 

Luther W. Farrar died March 12, 1870. 

All)ert Graham was accidentally shot by Ira WiM^ks, in Richmond Township, April T). 
ISTO. 

A child of Mr. Rice, of Memphis, fell into a pail of boiling water, April 6, 18/0, and 
was scalded to death. 

A tire broke out in the old Brabb warehouse April 21. 1871, entailing a total loss of 
$13,000; insurance, $11,200. 

A siu'vey of the Romeo & Almont Railroad was made in April. 1870, by Fessenden 
& Mellen. 

The old well bored at Memphis in 1865 proved to l)e a magnetic well in 187(), 

The mill-race of N. W. Gray, in the town of Ray, bm-st its confines during the rain- 
storm of July, 1870. 

The house of George Johnson, at Mt. Vernon, was torn to pieces by the storm of July, 
1870. 

Mrs. Sarah Robeson passed through Romeo in 183 \ en route to her husband's land, 
four miles northwest, since which time she never revisited the village, nor had she ever 
seen a railroad up to 1870, though theu sixty-nine years old. 

The grist-mill built at Romeo in 1856, by S. H. Ewell and O. W. Hopkins, was burned 
in April, "l 870. 

The celebration of Memorial Day, 1870. was creditable to Macomb County. 

The Neil Gray steam grist-mill was inaugurated in September, 1870. 

A young man suffered from religious mania at Memphis, as a result of attending a 
camp-meeting in Wales Township. During the first days of September, 1870, it required 
the strength of five men to hold him. 

The number of volumes in the public and private libraries in several villages of Ma- 
comb County, in 1870, were as follows: New Baltimore. 2,800; Memphis, 1,000; Armada 
Village, 1,400; Romeo, 9,757; Mt. Clemens, 9,000; not heard from Ttica. 

There is church capacity in this county for seating about one-sixth of the population, 
and nearly one-half of the room is unoccupied on an average. If these figures are cor- 
rect, only" about one person in ten attends church on an average. Statistically speaking, 
even the jieojde of this Christian county ai'e irreligious, 1870. 

Manley Thurston hanged himself March 3, 1870. 

The corner-stone of the Protestant Ei)iscopal Church of Mt. Clemens was laid Sep- 
tember 8, 1870. 

The Rejuiblican County Convention was held at Brooklyn September 28, 1870. 

The Democratic County Convention was held at New Haven October 4, 1870. 

The new Congregational Church of Ray Center was dedicated November 2, 1870. 

During the earthquake of October 20, 1870. the shock was felt at Utiea by Prof. 
Briggs, au(l ai? Uomeo by Ben Cityler. 

The new M. E. Church of New Baltimore, built at n cost of $4,000, was dedicated 
October 26, 1870. 

Mary E. Garry committed suicide at Jackson. Mich., October 27, 1870. She was 
formerly a resident of Romeo. 

The criminal charges against the patent- right men. Auimon F- Webster and Frank 
M. Kimball, of Jackson, were inquired into by Justices Sackett and Crocker, at Mt. Clem- 
ens, in October, 1870, and the parties sent for trial. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



R. F. Selfridge, one of the Trustees of the Michigan Homestead Colony, left for 
Kansas December 8, 1870, to locate lands. 

The fire at New Baltimore, December "21, 1870, resulted in the destruction of projierty 
valued at $37,500. 

At the annual re-union of the Gass family, held in Ray Township December 29, 1870, 
of the '281 members then liviucr, 154 were present, representing five generations. 

The re-union of the Cannon family was held December 31, 1870, at the residence of 
E. J. Cannon, in Shelby Township. It was stated then that no divorce was ever applied 
for or obtained by any member of the family. 

The Christian Chapel at Romeo was dedicated February 10, 1871. 

Patrick Redmond was killed at Utica Station January 30, 1871, by being run over by 
the cars. 

C. F. Mallary was elected a Director of the Romeo & AVestern Railroad February 4, 
1871. 

A deficiency of $3,400 was reported in the accounts of Postmaster William Wilkin- 
son, of Romeo, in February, 1871. 

The Utica Cheese Factory was inaugurated in April. 1871. 

A Democratic victory in April, 1870, varied the monotonj' of Macomb County politics. 

The (piestion of building a new M. E. Church was agitated at Romeo in April. 1871. 

Fleshout. a farmer of Erin Township, was killed April 12, 1871. by his runaway 
team. 

The Greneral Association of the Congregational ministers and churches of Michigan 
convened at Romeo May 17, 1871. 

Palmer, Bottom ley & Co. recovered .SI. 285 from the Michigan Air-Line Railroad 
Company, the amount sued for before the Macomb County Circuit Court, in Api-il, 1871. 

The Macomb County Teachers' Institute met at Ai-mada .\pril 20, 1871. 

Giles Hubbard removed from Mt. Clemens to Chicago, April. 1871, yet without giv- 
ing up the practice of law at Mt. Clemens. 

The machine y for May & Moser's woolen-mill arrived at Mt. Clemens in May. 

The steam fire-engine was brought into the village of Romeo May 23, 1871. 

Randolph Reynolds died from the effects of injiiries caused by the running away of 
his horses. May 17, 1871. 

The St. Clair war created some escitement in May, 1871. 

The potato bug visited the county in swarms during May, 1871. 

Decoration Day of 1871 was not observed at Romeo. 

The Union Club had a plowing match on George W. Phillips' farm June 15, 1N71. 

The Grays. A. B. Rawles and Ketcham Bros, commenced work on their new brick 
blocks in June, 1871. 

The subject of a railwav from Detroit to Bay Citv via Utica was agitated in June, 
1871, 

William J. French, Mary French, Jane Carter, Daniel McLean, James French, Selena 
French, W. H. French. Jennie A. Gates, Susan Buttertield, Philander Fillmore, Electa 
McLean and Matthew French gave notice of taking French leave from the membership 
of the Chi'istian Chiu-ch of Romeo, June I'J, 1871. 

The '"wild horse" of Brooklyn attacked Edwin Smith, Charles Whitney and others, 
in June, 1871, and inflicted severe injuries on the men named. 

The CoTincil of the First Christian Chm-ch of Romeo convened May 24. 1871. 

During the wool season of 1871. 158.500 pounds of wool were purchasfd at Romeo. 

The fourth anniversary of the Romeo High School was observed June 21 and 22, 
1871. Jliss Lou M. Raid delivered a discourse on the newspaper. 



i 

506 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

Josiah Sanborn's barn was burned Jnly 3. 1871. The fire was supposed to be the 
result of an incendiary's mania. 

The Mt. Clemens City Mills were destroyed by fire June 28, 1871. The citizens 
offered to assist Hess, Kellogg & Co. in rebuilding the concern. 

John R. Webster, convicted of murder, was sent from this county to the State Prison 
in 1854. under a life sentence, and died in prison June 22. 1871. 

The Romeo District Camp Meeting, which closed -June 29, 1871. was the largest ever 
held here. 

The stockholders of the Romeo & Western Railroad met at the American Hotel July 
11, 1871. 

The re-union of the Twenty-second Michigan Infantry took place at Romeo August 
31, 1871. 

Rev. J. WaiTen Weeks was arrested on a charge of slander July 24. 

MorrisK. Henry, of Utica, shot S. M. Loveridge, at Pittsburgh, Penn., July 19, 1871. 

Joseph French. Cashier in the office of the Detroit Advertiser and Tribune, was 
drowned in the Sydenham River July 30, 1871. He was engaged in the milling business 
at Clifton, this county, and was a resident since 1833. 

The hoop-skirt factory of Bottomley & Gray was inaugurated at Romeo, August 1871. 

The first engine house was built at Romeo in May, 1871. 

The Woman's Missionary Society was organized by the ladies of the Congregational 
Church, and the first (piarterly meeting held August 11, 1871. 

The question of boring for artesian water was first discussed at Romeo in August, 
1871. 

The pioneers of Romeo and vicinity met September fi, 1871, for the ]>urj)oes of organ- 
izing a society. 

James Shingleton, formerly a resident of Romeo, was killed at Clinton, lovra, August 

21, 1871, owing to the caving-in of a stone quarry. He came to the United States in 
18()1, and located with his uncle in Ray Township. 

The Michigan Baptist Association held an anniversary meeting at Romeo September 
19 and 20, 1871. 

Mellen, Tackels & Co. began operating the steam mill for grist work and iiouriug in 
September, 1871, at Clifton. 

The subscrijjtion books of the Northern Michigan Railroad Company were opened at 
the office of C. F. Mallary. of Romeo, in September, 1871. 

The Macomb County Agricultural Society held the annual fair at Romeo, September 

22, 1871. 
The modern tire departiuent of Romeo was organized in 1871. 
The foiu-th annual session of the Romeo District Sunday School Institute was held at 

Mt. Clemens October 24 and 25, 1871. 

During that month of tires, October, 1871, a few houses were destroyed near Ridge- 
way. 

A sum of Si, 500 was raised in Romeo in aid of th- fire sufferers in October, 1871. 

The first agricultural exhibition of the Armada Farmers' and Mechanics' Club was 
held October 19, iS71, at Ai-mada. 

Charles Mignault, of Mt. Clemens, was lost in the wreck of the steamer Coburn, on 
Lake Huron, October. 1871. 

David Moore, of Warren Tovynship, shot himself September 28, 1871. 

The Rosa D'Erina concerts, and the Laura Cuppy Smith lectures, were the principal 
entertainments given in the village of Romeo in November, 1871. Miss Smith's lecture 
on Spiritualism was disturbed by members of the orthodox chiu'ches. 

•c^ls r- ~n 9 nT 

t 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COL'NTY. 



Gilbert L. Hathaway willed $15,000 to the village of New Baltimore, to be applied 
on the building of a nnion school, in November. 1871. 

The Romeo Musical Union was organized November 25, 1871, with Watson Loud, 
President: H. O. Smith. Vice President; G. D. Mussey, Secretary; and L. G. Norton, 
Conductor. 

The council of the Christian churches of the E. C. C. of Michigan met at Romeo 
Decemlier 27, 1871. 

Dr. J. G. Holland delivered a lectiii'e at Tlomeo January 15. 1872. 

In JanuaiT. 1872, there was but one criminal in the county jail. 

January, 1872. was something similar to January, 1882. Little or no snow fell until 
the 15th of that month. 

The Eastern Convocation of the Episcopal Church of the Diocese of Michigan was 
held at Romeo in January, 1872. 

George Francis Train came to lecture the Romeans March 4, 1872. 

The charter election of officers for the village of Romeo took place March 5. 1872. 

The dwelling house of James Jones, Macomb Township, was totally destroyed by fire 
February 27, 1872. 

The contract for building the new Methodist Episcopal Church of Romeo was granted 
to J. C. Kanmeir. of Adrian, at $27,465, in February, 1872. 

Frederickia Meitz, a young girl in the employ of the Ulrichs, of Mt. Clemens, com- 
mitted suicide, March 21. 1872. by taking strychnine. 

A large number of Macomb County citizens visited Detroit. April 9, 1872. to par 
ticipate in the ceremony of unveiling the soldiers' monument. 

John W. Cowles, a resident of Romeo, lost his life, April 3. 1872, while braking on 
the Marquette & Iron Mountain Railroad. 

A verdict for $10,000 in favor of James Starkweather, in his suit against the Balti 
more & Ohio Railroad Company, was recorded April 13, 1872. The cause rested on the 
fact that Mrs. Starkweather died from the result of injuries received November 18. 1868, 
through the negligence of the company's servants. 

The Liberal Chi'istian Union Society was organized at Romeo in April. 1872. 

An accident on the Grand Tnmk Railroad, April 21, 1872, between Ridgeway and 
Smith's Creek, resulted in the death of two men. 

A county convention was held at Mt. Clemens May 2, 1872. 

The corner-stone of the Arbeiter Hall, Mt. Clemens, was laid May 20, 1872. 

Decoration Day of 1872 was observed at Armada. 

During the spring of 1872, a few eases of smallpox were reported throughout the 
county. 

The annual convention of members of Macomb County Sunday School was held at 
Mt. Vernon June 4, 1872. 

The dedication of the Union Church at Ray took place June 27, 1872. 

Benjamin C. Gunn, Collector of Internal Revenue in this county, was tried, in June, 
1872, for neglecting to account for public moneys said to have been received by him. 
Two judgments were rendered against him — one for $5,'J18.03. and one for $1,601.32. 

Joseph Chubb was appointed a member of the State Central Prohibition Committee 
June 12, 1872. 

Asahel Bailey and John Holland, of Romeo, were born in the same State, in the same 
county, on the same day and month, and both came to Michigan about the same time. ^Ii'. 
Bailey was the first settler in the town of Bruce. For some years prior to 1872, the two 
friends were accustomed to visit each other on their birthday. In 1860, Bailey visited 
Holland, and, upon leaving, said, "It will be your turn to visit me nest year." At the 



•<* i 



apjiointed time, Holland went to the Bailey house, but it was to attend the funeral of his 
life-long friend. 

Incendiaries set fire to the house and barn of Joseph Marshall, at the Corners, two 
miles north of Romeo, June 29, 1872. 

The suit of Joseph E. Young, of Chicago, to recover $25,000 on account of railroad 
aid bonds, gi'anted by the township of Washington, was discontinued in June, 1872. 

The corner-stone of the Met.hodist E[)iscopal Church of Romeo was laid July 8u, 1872. 

The son of Rev. J. S. Smart, of Romeo, was drowned in Procter's mill pond June 1"), 
1872. 

The officers of the E[)iscopal society of Rom9o wei-e appointed by Rev. A. M. Lewis 
July 3, 1872. 

An attempt to kill Dr. William Brownell, of Utica, was made by Lewis C. Butler, 
June 24, 1872. The would-be murderer is a native of Troy, Oakland County. 

Harry Warrington, of Sterling, died while under the influence of strong drink, at 
Mt. Clemens, November 21, 1872. 

Marshal D. Ewell, formerly of Romeo, was elected Judge of Probate for Mason 
County, Mich. . November, 1872. ' 

The Agricultural and Mechanical Union was organized at Memphis in December, 1872. 

Mrs. Pamelia Lamphere, of Ridgeway, was accidentally shot by her daughter in Sep- 
tember, 1872. 

The Detroit & Bay City Railroad was opened for regular traffic ou October 7. 1872, 
between Detroit and Rochester. 

The horse disease made its aitpearance in Macomb in November, 1872. 

Lentz's brewery, at Mt. Clemens, was burned December 31, 1872. 

1873. — The heaviest snow-storm that passed over Michigan within the last half-cen- 
tury was that of January 23 and 24, 1873. 

The electric wire was laid between Romeo and Ridgeway January 31, 1873. The 
lirst message was one from the })eople of Ridgeway to those of Romeo, sent by F. Walker, 
H. Berlatotte, and William J. Elliott. The second was Romeo's reply, sent 'by Thomas 
Robb, P. H. Casey and Eugene Sovereen. 

A shocking accident, resulting from the careless use of gunpowder, happened near 
Mt. Clemens July 28, 1873. Five little boys — Charlie Drake, Earnest Rottman, George 
Ormsby, Joseish Dahm and Reuben Ullrich — went up the river in a boat to a point just 
the other side of the Frederick bridge. On the bank of the river they built a lire, and 
for some reason they tried to pour a quantity of gunpowder from a flask into the fire. As 
a natural consequence, an explosion of all the powder in the flask was the i-esult. Char- 
lie Drake and Earnest Rottman were severely burned on the hands and face. Young 
Rottman was so crazed by the pain that he jumped into the river. A double-barreled pis 
tol in the hands of George Ormsby exploded at the same time, lodging three shot in the 
boy's leg. not inflicting any very serious injury, however. The other two boys were un- 
hurt, Reuben Ullrich being in the boat at the time. On their way home, they were over- 
taken by Dr. Hayward, who brought young Drake and Rottman home with him and 
dressed their wounds. 

So recently as April, 1873, wrestling bouts were common in the stores of Romeo. 

The citizens of Mt. Clemens subscribed $25,000 toward the establishment of a na- 
tional bank there in April, 1873. 

The result of the elections of April, 1873, in this county, was3,U52 votes for Chris- 
tiancy; the Democratic majority for Regents of the State University, 171; and for S. B. 
Russell as Superintendent of Schools, 233 majority. 

The brick work and roof of the M. E. Church of Romeo were finished April 22, 1873. 






k^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The Mt. Clemens Pre.-is re-appeared May 1, 1873, with S. B. Russell as editor. 

Aeeordiug to the Mt. Clemens Monitor, Romeo struggled to become the great fashion 
center of the United States in the spring of 1S73. 

The Masonic Hall at Brooklyn was biu'ned May 14, 1873. 

The United States Collector's office for the Fifth Michigan District was removed to 
Romeo in May, 1873, and opened at that place, under Maj. C. P. Dake, on May 2(). 

The case of Keeler versus Robertson was carried before the Supreme Court of the 
State June 18, 1873. 

The Mt. Clemens Bath House was opened to the juiblic July 10, 1873. 

The body of Robert A. Barton, of Erin, was found in Lake St. Clair July 13, 1873. 

The wool-buying season closed at Romeo in August, 1873, when a total of 211, "jOO 
pounds of wool was reported. 

The steamer Emma Dwyer was launched at Mt. Clemens August 23, 1873. 

The body of a man supposed to be John Miller, of Royal Oak, was found in the woods 
of Warren Township August 21, 1873. 

The Cxerman fanners of \\*ayne and Macomb Counties met at Mt. Clemens October 
30, 1873, for the purpose of organizing a German Farmers' Mutual Fire Insurance Asso- 
ciation. 

The twenty-fourth annual fair of the Macomb County Agricultiu'al Society was held 
at Romeo in September, 1873. 

The first fair of the Armada Agricultural Society was held at Armada October S, 9 
and 10, 1873. 

A Grand Trunk Railroad accident, near Mt. Clemens, October 28, 1873, resulted in 
the death of fifty hogs. None of the managers of that railroad were among the deceased. 

While the railroad train was making its down trip, July 18, 1872, nine horses came 
on the track about a mile east of Arjnada, and, in spite of the screaming engine, that 
threatened them with a speedy death if they didn't get off the track, they insisted on a 
trial of speed as far as Armada. The race was very even and quite exciting, but. when 
the horses came to the bridge near Armada Station, one of the luckless racers fell through 
and hung to the timbers. The engineer had anticipated this, and stopped the train in 
time to save the horse's life. The train hands and passengers rolled them on their sides 
and slid them off the bridge with no other damage than a few slight bruises. The horses 
belonged to R. Bailey. 

A party of citizens, comprising Edgar Weeks, H. W. Babcock, George Crocker, Dan 

iel C. Tilden, Frank Tucker, Brown, left the village June 4, 1873, in pm-suit of the 

sail-boat Belle, which was stolen the previous night. The lioat had reached mid-channel 
when one of those hurricanes jieculiar to the Lake and River St. Clair sprang up, capsiz- 
ing the craft one-half mile south of the Detroit Club House. The affair was witnessed 
from that house by a boy named George Warner, who pushed off" in a small skiff to the 
rescue of the men. Warner reached the wreck, when Tilden and Crocker got into the little 
boat, while Babcock held on to the stern, and the gallant boy pulled for the light-house 
where he landed the trio. The propeller Mary Jarecki sent out a boat to the rescue of the 
others, on which Weeks and TuQker embarked. Brown, the owner of the capsized yacht, 
remained on the wreck until help arrived. He succeeded in saving both himself and his 
boat. 

A son of Charles Eilbert, of Mt. Clemens, was poisoned, October 24, 1873, by eating 
henbane seeds. He died on the 25th of that month. 

Mrs. Ann Lavine's trial for the murder of Anson Henderson, at Ar-mada, on the 
night of November 5, 1873, came before Judge Han-is at the November session of the Cir- 
cuit Court. The Jury returned a verdict of not guilty. 



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510 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The biogi-aphical sketches of the Chamberlins began to be published January 7, 1874. 

The foiu-th annual meeting of the U. F. C. of Armada, was held at the Day School- 
house January 13, 1874. 

A number of houses were burned in the county during January. 1874. 

The Ai-mada Agricultural Society held its second annual meetino- at Armada. January 
18. 1874. 

The annual session of the Macomb County Simday School Association was held at 
Richmond January 20, 1874. 

The fourth annual meeting of the Union Temperance Association was held at Romeo 
February 29. 1874. 

The Romeo Pioneer and Historical Society was organized March 14, 1874. 

Rev. J. Weeks resigned the charge of the Christian Church of Romeo May 1, 1874. 

The Washington Grange was instituted April 18. 1874. with William A Stone, Master. 

The pledge was circulated in Armada Village April 1, 1874. 

A marine engine, built at Romeo by Morton & Hamblin. for a Clinton River barge, 
was finished May 2. 1874. 

The new M. E. Church of Romeo was dedicated June 7, 1874. 

Frederick Hebblewhite, of .irmada, was drowned in Norway Lake, near Lapeer, June 
1'2, 1874. 

The comet of July, 1873, caused much speculation. 

Drs. Gi-eenshields and Tillson amputated the entire bi-east of Mrs. Gibson, June 9, 
1874. The lady sm'vived the ojieratiou until November 29, 1874. when she died. 

The electric storm of August 25 and 26. 1874. was the most terrific remembered by 
the American settlers of this county. 

The council of the Granges of Macomb County was organized September 2. 1874. 
with Henry Bennett, Washington, Master. 

In September, 1874. Samuel Aldrich. of Armada, possessed a hen aged twenty-one 
years. 

The twenty-fifth annual meeting of the Macomb County Agricultural Society was 
hold at Mt. Clemens September 30, 1874. 

In October. 1874, Lee & Stockton enlarged the Mt. Clemens Monitor. 

The annual re-union of the Twenty-second Michigan Infantry was held at Mt. Cle n- 
ens September 26, 1874. 

In October, 1874, Rev. J. E. Davis, of Macomb, was the oldest Mason in the State. 
He entered the organization in 1818, and was, in 1874, eighty-seven years old. 

The M. E. Church of Romeo was the first public building heated by steam in Ma- 
comb County, October 11. 1874. 

Miss Rush, of Mt. Vernon, committed suicide October 6, 1874. 

John Wilkinson, son of Col. Wilkinson, of Romeo, died at Fort Gi-iffin. Texas, No- 
vember 5, 1874, He received a pistol bullet in the knee; amputation was necessary: but 
even this extreme course failed to postpone death more than one day. 

The transit of Venus. December 8. 1874, caused much speculation in the little repub- 
lic of Macomb. The people offered no resistance to the transit. 

Miss Keturah Walker and a Mrs. Lockwood, both sisters, assaulted their aged mother, 
and were fined $5 each by Justice Snover, December 28, 1874. 

The Mt. Clemens Monitor began agitating the citv charter question in December, 
1874. 

The first sleighing parties of the winter of 1874-75 tm-ned out January 24, 1875. 

William E. Preston's mill, northwest corner of Richmond, was destroyed by fire in 
the last week in January, 1875. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



John Chapman's house, in Kav Township, was destroyed bv tire Febiiiary 13, 
1876. 

The annual meeting of the Union Farmers' Club was in February, 187:1 
James IWhite, proj)rietor of the old Hoag Mill, of Lenox, was caught in the machin- 
ery and killed. 1875. 

Stephen S. Merrill hanged himself at Utioa Janiiary 26, 1875. 

Among the Indians encamped near Borneo in September. 1875, was one who, accord- 
ing to his own statement, hunted oyer this section of country more than fifty years ago. 
The people did not fail to note the starting tear in the eye of this aged hemlock as he re- 
counted the glories of the departed days, before railroad taxes became a bm-den and street- 
sprinklers a necessity, and when the chief occupation of the citizens consisted in slinging 
arsenicated arrows into the bodies of the stately moose and elk, amid the dim aisles of the 
gi-aud old forest. They were constrained to agi'ee with our aged friend Lo that those 
were halcyon days. 

Ihe Congregationalists of Romeo agitated the Tjuilding of a new church March 23, 
1875. 

A. B. Sheldon, of Ray. met a tragic death at his own hands April 21, 1875. 

An insane man, called by the people the wild man, roamed oyer the county in May, 
1875. 

The farewell seryices in the old Congregational Chiu'ch of Romeo were held June 
15, 1875. 

On June 22, 1875, the Grand Trunk Railroad fi-eight train was thrown from the 
track, the engine and a number of cars wrecked; Matthew Bartle, the engineer, and Mor- 
rison, the tii'eman, fatally scalded. 

Foster Galbraith, formerly of Romeo, was drowned in the Saginaw at Bay City in 
June, 1875. His remains were found and shipped to Romeo for interment. 

The Mt. Clemens Reporter was resurrected in June, 1875, with Messrs. Keeler & 
Miller, publishers. 

The Proctor saw-mill was destroyed by tii-e July 4. 1875. 

Dr. Balfom- left Romeo on Thureday night. July 22, 1875. 

Abner Miller, of Mt. Clemens, shot himself accidentally in September, 1875. It ap- 
pears he was hunting and boating, when, through some carelessness, the charge in his 
fowling piece exploded and entered his body beneath the ribs. 

In September, 1875, a number of Indians yisited Mt. Clemens and Romeo, among 
whom was Tipikaw. one who liyed in this county forty years preyious. 

The Atlas of Macomb County was published in September, 1S75. It proved a yery 
useful work. 

The Conger dwelling house, on the line between Sterling and Clinton, was destroyed 
by fii-e Noyember 15, 1875, and a child four years old so badly burned that she died the 
same day. 

A case of small-pox was i-eported in the neighborhood of Romeo November 26, and at 
Mt. Vernon in December, 1875. 

Early in 1876, the people in this district of Michigan thought of utilizing the old 
Clinton & Kalamazoo Canal in connection with the new canal then proposed. 

The judgments against the town of Washington on railroad aid bonds were settled 
in January, 1876, save a §1,00(1 bond. 

The small-pox raged around Mt. Vernon during the close of 1875 and beginning of 
1876. 

The fii'st meeting of the Michigan Agricultural Institute was held at .\i-mada January 
11 and 12, 1876. 



y-. 



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liL 



The aunnal meeting ef the Macomb County Sunday School Association was held at 
the Congregational Church, New Baltimore, January 25, 1876. 

John Keeler and Maria Fellows celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of their marriage 
January 8, 1876. at Disco. 

A lire broke out in Flumerfelt & Frost's store Janiiary 19, 1870, which spread to C. 
N. Coe's store, and resulted in damage to property estimated at $20,000. The tire depart- 
ment alone saved the j^roperty in the neighborhood. 

Another tire broke out at Gray's Opera House February 12, 187<), which destroyed 
Messrs. Hanscom's. D. N. Lowell's and Maj. Dake's offices, the Masonic Hall, Mrs. Hor- 
ton's rooms, etc. 

The electric fluid entered the M. E. Chm-ch building at Romeo February 27, 1876, 
and there played some extraordinary freaks. 

The biu'ning of William Crittenden's house, April 4, 1876, resulted in the death of 
Mi's. Crittenden. The lady made a superhuman effort to extinguish the flames, but was 
enwrapped by them, and would doubtless have been Vrarned to a cinder had not her hus- 
band rescued her. She died, however, the same morning. 

Cyril Hicks, located on the line between Richmond and Lenox, hanged himself June 
17, 1876. 

The Chippewas of Walpole Island visited Romeo June 19, 1876, and defeated the 
Continentals in a game of base-ball. 

The corner-stone of the Congregational Church was laid July 4, 1876. 

Frank Buzzell tlied at Romeo July 16. from the effects of sunstroke. 

Philip Jersey's house was burned at Romeo August 1, 1876. 

The frost of August 20, 1876, did much damage to the crops in Northern Macomb 
and St. Clair Counties. A heavy thunder-storm contributed to render the damage even 
more serious. 

Col. John Atkinson, of PortHirron and Detroit, addressed the citizens of Romeo Sep- 
tember 28. 1876. 

A ferocioiis Bengal tiger eloped from Barnum's Menagerie January 22, 1877, then at 
Richmond. The presence of this animal and the small-pox kept the people in a state of 
alarm for some time. 

Mai'shall D. Ewell wrote his hand-book, '"Ewell on Fixtm-es," in 1877. 

Matilda C. Shaw poisoned herself February 24, 1877. 

Z. H. Daniels, formerly of Romeo, was reported to have been killed by Indians at 
Stilhvater, Montana, in February, 1877. 

I. D. Hanscom resigned the office of Secretary of State Deaf and Dumb Institute, at 
Flint, in. March. 1877. 

On the 12th of November, 1877. one of those fatal accidents which thrill a whole 
community occuiTed near Memphis. Two young lads about eighteen years of age went to 
the woods for a hunt. In crossing a small stream, James Dawson, one of the lads, slipped 
from a log into the water. In order the more conveniently to climb again upon the log, 
he passed his gun to his companion, Henry Castle. He, taking the gun with the muzzle 
toward him, di-ewit through some bushes. In doing this, the loaded gun was discharged, 
and the whole contents entered his left side, making a feai'ful wound, severing the large 
blood-vessels in the vicinity of the heart and causing almost instant death. 

The nephew of E. F. Sibley, of Armada, who shot himself in the head while tempo- 
rarily insane, died July 6, 1878. The ball passed nearly thi-ough the brain, when it re- 
traced its course, and was found in the top of the head. 

The descendants of Lewis and Nancy Davis, about seventy in number, met at the 
residence of Charles Davis for their annual re-union July 4, 1878. There are nine chil- 



r 



Lk. 




dren — MJrs. L. Andrus, Mi's. D. G. Stewart Mrs. J. Curtis, Homer and Charles Davis, 
Mrs. E. C. Ewell, of Borneo; Mi's. Rev. S. E. Warren, of Farmington: Barlow Davis, of 
Evart: and Rev. L. P. Davis, of Plymouth. 

The Romeo town clock was placed in position August 14, 187M. 

A teiTible storm of hail swept though a portion of the town of Richmond August 1(3, 
1878. The fruit in the path of the storm was entirely destroyed. Someof the hail-stones 
were more than live inches in circumference. 

An aged citizen of Disco committed suicide in September, 1878. 

Diu-ing the yellow fever epidemic at Memphis. Tenn., in 1878, the sum of S'264 was 
subscribed b\^ Romeo people toward the relief of the sufferers. 

The electric fliiid played havoc on the preinjses of William Brabb, about two miles 
northwest of Romeo, September 25. 1878. A large barn filled with wheat was struck early 
in the evening, and, together with its contents, was totally destroyed. One or more stacks 
in the immediate vicinity were also destroyed. The loss was ."jl.OOO, upon which there 
was no insurance. 

The first accident on the Michigan Air-Line Railroad occurred December 8, 1878. 
The death of Beecher Gates resulted. 

Cornelius IVLller, well known in Macomb County, was sujjposed to have committed 
suicide bj' drowning, at Detroit, in October, 1878. 

James Whalen, of ^Varren, was run over and instantly killed on the night of the 24th 
of Octob^, 1878, by a Grand Trunk train. He was literally torn to pieces. Deceased was 
twenty-six years old. 

A meeting was held at the office of Irving D. Hanseom, November 23, 1878, for the 
purpose of forming an association for the apjuvhension of horsethieves. 

The death of jMi's. C. N. Chamberlin and her two daughters, at Chattanooga, Tenn., 
in October, 1878, drew forth much sympathy from their friends in Macomb. 

Benjamin Crissman had his feet crushed by the tumbling-rod of a clover-mill De- 
cember 18, 1878, which necessitated amputation. 

The jury in the case of Sarah Finkle. charged with the murder of Alice Jackson, 
September, 1878, by aiding her to commit suicide, rendered a verdict of not guilty, diu'ing 
the present tenn of com't. The jury required but one and one-half hours to come to their 
decision. The case was one of the most peculiar on record in this circiiit. 

Mrs. August Bliss took a dose of paris green in April, 1878, and died from its effects 
before medical aid could be summoned. 

Clara Heater, a girl of eighteen, living in the family of Albert Hovey, took fifteen 
grains of morphine, and died April 20, 1878. 

Riley J. Sjiencer was crushed to death bv the falling of the plates of a barn, near 
Romeo, May 29, 1878. 

Beecher Gates, who met his death in the Air-Line disaster, was biu'ied, December, 
1878. 

In Oliver Optic's story, " Oi;t West," a part of the surprising adventures of the hero 
are laid in Macomb County. Mt. Clemens is re fenced to as "Mt. Mercy;" the Clinton 
River as " Glinton '" River. The Sherman House is mentioned by name: also New Balti- 
more, and the club house at tbe mouth of the river. It will be remembered that Mr. 
Adams spent a few weeks here in 1877. 

There is living at Davis, in the township of Ray, the Rev. J. E. Davis, who was 
ninety -one years old the 1st of February, 1879. He has been for many years a resident 
of that place. On his ninetieth birthday, he preached a senaon in the M. E. Church at 
Davis. Until a few weeks ago, he cut his own fii-ewoocl and took care of his own horse. 

That narrow gauge railroad from Detroit to Grosse Point, thence to New Baltimore, 



:V 



^1^ 



514 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



St. Clair and Port Huron, at the latter place to connect with the Port Huron & North- 
Western, was sti'ongly agitated duriug the winter of LSTU-SO. 

Mt. Clemens was visited by a |f3,r)(H) tire duriug the last week of Jauuai-y, 1879. 
The buildino- destroyed was a large frame dwelling house on the corner of Robertson and 
Grant streets, owned Ijy F G. Kendrick and occupied by G. H. Crane, the proprietor 
of the principal drug store in the place. Both of the parties were insured to some ex- 
tent. 

John E. Nellis entered on the publication of the Monitor in March, 1879. 

The bill incorporating the city of Mt. Clemens passed March 17, 1S7U. 

The members of the Cannon family assembled at the old homestead, where Pearl and 
Mary Cannon located in 1831. New Yeai-'s Day, 1880. 

The third re-union of the Gass family was held at Davis January 2, 1880. 

The childi-en and grandchildren '^f Elijah Thorington celebrated his seventy-first 
birthday January 9, 1880. 

Warren LavvTence cut the old landmark on his farm known as the square-top pine in 
January, 1880. This made fifteen saw-logs, the shortest being ten feet, the longest sev- 
enteen "feet long. All gi-ew on one stump, about five feet across, and branched out twenty- 
foui feet above the gi-ound into three great branches. 

The following-named persons were appointed to take the census of 1880 in Macomb 
County: Armada, A. S. Hall: Bruce. A. H. Shelp: Chesterfield, Charles Connor; Clin- 
ton, a" H. Canfield: Mt. Clemens, G. C. Forster. Robert Ii'win, A. N. Crovier: Erin, G. S. 
Schuchard; Harrison, F. C. Forton: Lenox, E. L. Raymond; Macomb. Alfi-ed Stewart; 
Ray, B. R. Davis; Richmond, J. C. Keeler; Shelby, W. S. Andi-us; Sterling, R. H. Sliter; 
Warren, G. B. Walker; Washington, J. R. Stone. 

A son of Charles Evans, of Richmond, was crushed to death beneath a land -roller, 
September, 1880. 

The Chautauqua Club, of Romeo, was re-organized in October, 1880. 

Mrs. Rose, of Armada, while out driving, October 17, 1880, was thrown fmm the car- 
riage and received such injuries as resulted in her death on the 18th of the same month. 

The corner-stone of the new court house was laid October 21, 18S0. 

The Michigan Air-Line Railroad Company ordered a regulai- train to run over the 
road in October, 1880. 

George Connor, of Richmond, was killed in the lumber woods in January, 1881, and 
his body brought to Armada for interment. 

Surveyor W. W. Duffield and party were engaged in running a line for the proposed 
narrow gauge railroad through Macomb Coimty in January and February, 1881. 

The location of the Romeo mineral well was decided upon in February, 1881. 

The sudden, if not tragic, death of Miss Ann Reid, formerly a student of medicine 
at Ann Arbor, took place in February, 1881. Prior to ridding herself of mortality, she 
vsTote a letter to her mother, giving her resolve to try another world. 

A cane was presented to Joseph Ayres by the members of the Supervisors' Board, of 
which he was a member for twenty-five years, in February, 1881. 

The Board of Supervisors appropriated $10,000 for the building of a new jail in Feb- 
ruary. 1881. 

Peter McEachroii, in 1845 a carpenter in AVashiugton Township, died at Saginaw 
February 24, 1881. 

L. E. Cannon returned from his surveying expedition in the neighborhood of Point St. 
Ignace, in March, 1881. 

The first annual shearing festival of the Macomb County Sheep-Breeders" and Wool- 
Growers' Association was held at Romeo May 11, 1881. . 



V 




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Cd ECE/.iiED) 



tit, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The Methodist Ministerial Associaion of Port Huron District held the anuual meeting 
at Mt. Clemens May 31, 1871. 

The pioneers met at Romeo September 17, 1881. 

The contribution of the citizens of Romeo and vicinity to the sufi'erers by fire in 
Northeastern Michigan exceeded $5,000 at the close of September, 1881. 

T. P. Kennedy celebrated his golden wedding in Octobor, 1881. He is now in his 
eighty-first year. 

The telephonic connection of Detroit and Mt. Clemens was established September 1 , 
1881. 

M. H. Butler, of Mt. Clemens, was robbed of $1,200 while waitiEg for a train at 
Woodward Avenue Station, September 1, 1881. 

Capt. Howgate was arrested, August 15, 188 J, at the Avery House, Mt. Clemens, on 
a charge of embezzlement and taken to Washington. 

September 26, 1881, was observed by all classes throughout the county. Mourning 
emblems may be said to have enwrapped Macomb in honor of Garfield's funerel. 

Chauncy G. Cady, of Sterling, paid a visit to Mt. Clemens October 2, 1880. Sixty 
years ago that <lay Mr. Cady first saw Mr. Clemens. There were then four' log houses 
there. An old bridge spanned the river, and on the shore thereof was a whisky still. 
Mr. Cady was nineteen years of age when he came to Macomb County, and has been a 
resident of the county over since. He has lived on his farm in Sterling forty years. 

Mr. William Beer celebrated his ninetieth birthday December 7, 1881. 

Charles C. Foote was appointed guardian of Charles Foote, the Memphis centena- 
rian, in December, 1881. 

Mrs. Lewis, of Lenox, Macomb Co., Mich., was eighty-nine years of age January 1, 
18S2. She is also a pensioner, her husband, Laban Lewis, having been a soldier in the 
war of 1812. " Grandma," as all call her, has learned the happy faculty of growing old 
cheerfully and joyfully, having a heart large and warm enough to embrace the world of 
mankind, and send a ray of liope and cheerfuln&ss to all with whom she associates. Her 
hands, though having been enijiloyed for nearly eighty years, are actively engaged in 
some useful labor. Within the past three years, she has pieced eighty bed-quilts. Since 
she was eighty, she has made a spread, on which she has taken two first premiums at the 
Armada Agricultural Fair, where there are always large shows of fancy and needle work. 
She has been the hajipy mother of fifteen children, eleven of whom lived to years of ma- 
tiu-ity ; eight are still living, the youngest being forty years of age. Five are residents of 
this county, viz.: Wesley Lewis, of Mt. Clemens; Nelson Lewis and Cliste M. Wilder, 
of Lenox; Mrs. Harriet S. Wilder, of Ri(;hmond; and Mrs. Emeline McCain, of Mt. Ver- 
non. 

The citizens of Shelby tm-ned out 200 strong, October 28. 1881, and followed the 
tracks of a bear three miles. They found Bruin docilely following a couple of tamj In- 
dians. 

Dogs seriously interfered with the rimming of the train on the St. Clair & Midland 
Railway in the winter of 1881-82. It is said they ran out from farmhouses along the 
line and licked the gi-ease off the journals, thus bringing the cars to a stand. At the next 
annual meeting, the Board of Directors will ask that they be authorized to adulterate the 
axle grease with strychnine. The stockholders say they will indorse this or some other 
scheme, as they are bound to make eouneotions, even if it is necessary to bond the road 
and hire a boy to run on ahead and tie up the dogs. 

The Democrat, of Romeo, stated there is less whisky sold in Romeo than in any other 
town of its size in the State, and a Mt. Clemens editor who has sampled the Romeo 
brand says this statement is correct and easily accounted for. In reply, the Romeo Ob- 



9 ^ ' 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



server said: "We don't brag on the quality of oiu- whiskj'. We are frank to admit that 
Mt. Clemens can beat us in that regard. The quality is regulated by the demand." 

Jacob Reimold. of Harrison, was at Mt. Clemens December 24, 1881, and created a 
great sensation. He was drawing a stone boat through the main streets, with a huge box, 
on which was painted something like this: 

CITY OP U.\RKISON. 

LEAVES 

MARKET STREET EVEKY FIVE MONTHS. 

BY ORDER OF COMMON COUNCIL, 

S. B. Russell, Mayor. 

Mr. Reimold tried to get some of the Aldermen as passengers, but, with a strange 
persistency, they all declined the friendly invitation of the jovial Charon. This morning, 
a large sign is up to the foot of Market street, on which is painted. '' Thus saith the Lord 
of Hosts, 'Behold. I will deliver my people from the east country!' " A large hand points 
in the direction of Harrison. 

The eclipse of the moon occurred at midnight, Jiuie 11-12, 1881. By some strange 
freak of nature, the jjeople of Macomb were favored with a tropical Christmas; but, to 
remind them, as it were, that they were still north of the Torrid Zone, the Northern 
Lights shone in all their brilliancy on the night of December 24, 1881. 

The city election of Mt. Clemens took place December 13, 1881 , with the following result : 
First Ward — Fries, Republican, 40; Russell, Democrat, 60; Russell's majority, 20. Sec- 
ond Ward— Fries, 64; Russell, 92; Russell's majority, 28. Third Ward— Fries, 29; 
Russell, 87; Russell's majority, 58. Russell's majority in the city, 106. The election 
was made necessary owing to the summary action of Gov. Jerome. It appears that Mr. 
Russell, as Mayor of the city, entered into one or more contracts with the city, contrary to 
law regai'ding city otficers. The work contracted for was faithfully done, yet there 
remained some justification for even a summary execution of the law in the case. Mr. 
Russell's re-election was the surest sign of his popularity and business integrity. 

In December, 1881. Winsor Dixon, a former resident of Macomb County, and well 
known to the residents of Richmond Township, murdered a cattle- buyer of the name of 
Phillips, in Sanilac County, and robbed him of $5,000 in money. Dixon was soon arrest- 
ed, and. the night succeeding his arrest, committed suicide by taking poison. He died 
the next day. 

At an early hour on the morning of February 10. 1882, an effigy was seen suspended 
above the main street of Romeo, of one who was charged with a heinous offense. 

The Romeo Magnetic Well was inaugurated in January, 1882. 

Early in February, 1882, there was an organic revival of the Grange in Macomb 
County, occasioned princii)ally by the visit of C. L. Whitney, G. L. of the State Grange. 

January 18, 1882, the children and intimate friends of Mrs. G. W. Preston met to 
celebrate her sixty-fourth birthday. Mrs. Preston came with her parents, when a child of 
ten years, fi-om the town of Rush, county of Mom-oe, New York, to a home in the wilder- 
ness of Macomb, in 1828. She was a school-teacher at seventeen, and a bride at nineteen 
years of age. Miss Anise Ai'nold, who was present at her marriage, was also married in 
this count}', and, while accompanying her husband to the West, is supposed to have per- 
ished, with her whole party, in the Mountain Meadow massacre. 

Charles B. Gillem. aged seventeen years, living four miles east of Armada, killed his 
mother February 28, 1882. 

The iron for the new bridge across the Clinton at Mt. Clemens was placed on the 
banlc of the river March 11, 1882. The stone pier for the turning-table of the bridge was 
completed in February, 1882, and the bridge opened in May, 1882. 



"V 



liL 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Fred C. Buzzell. editor of the Romeo Democrat, was married to Miss Agnes M. Sis 
son. daughter of Orrin M. Sisson. of Romeo. March \'A, ISS'i. The ceremony was per- 
formed at the Church of Our Father (Universalist). Detroit, by Rev. Dr. Rexford. 

lu May, 1881!. the house of Bruno Van Landerghem. at Mt. Clemens, was entered 
and ransacked by biu-glars, who stole a $'200 gold watch and a sum of money, the amount 
of which is not stated. 

A ]iroject was discussed of boring a third mineral well at Mt. Clemens and carrying 
the water by a pijie line into the Biddle House, Detroit, which would be converted into 
a vast sanitarium, in May. 188"2. 

GJ-eorge Manning, of Detroit, leased the Romeo mineral well for live years, from May, 
188'2. Mr. Manning will build a large bath-house just south of the American House, on 
Main street, and fit it up in first-class style. 

John Teats, son of Edward Teats, of Harr'sou, living a mile down the river, was 
killed April 4, 1882, in a strange manner. He was leading a fractious horse fi-om the 
barn to the water-trough. Members of the family, who chanced to be watching him. saw 
the horse make a violent jumii to one side. Then Teats droi)]>ed the halter and fell to 
the ground. He was picked up dead with a broken neck. 



CHAPTER XXIX. 

MT. CLEMENS CITY. 

What jirogi-ess has been made within the last decade by the people of Mt. Clemens 
is almost conveyed in the words which form the heading or title of this sketch. Here we 
have a city of over 3.000 inhabitants, holding the place of the pleasant little village of a 
few years ago; of the little distilleiy hamlet which marked the spot at the beginning of 
the century: of the Indian village which induced the first American pioneers to select it 
as a most eligible site for a hamlet, a village, a city. Here did the beginnings of Macomb 
County take root. Hither did the honest statesmen of Michigan's Territorial days hie for rest 
and recreation, to find both amid the boundless hospitality of her first white citizens. She is 
not so old as Detroit, Fort Gratiot, Mackinaw or St. Ignaee: there is no distinct account of her 
being visited by the exploring j^riest. Manpiette or Nicolet. or Menard: yet. apart from all 
this, she has a histoiy distinct from all her sister cities of the State, in the peculiarly quiet, 
imostentatious way she leaped from her humble position to hold a high place among the 
cities of the Union. Having once made this leap, she followed up her success, and con- 
tinues to advance, slowly but steadily, to that point which her resources and geographical 
position render her capable of attaining. What Mt. Clemens may be when her centennial 
year comes round cannot be prophesied; but, if the same progress which marked the past 
decade of her history is upheld, the same enterprise which now characterizes many of her 
citizens fostered, and the same intelligence which guides her people far away from jeal- 
ous bigotry continried, the centennial day of platting the village of Mt. Clemens will 
dav^u upon a community great and prosperous beyond the brightest day dreams of the 
present times. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

Some years ago, the good work of compiling a history of the county was begun by 
R-^v. H N. Bissell. Sinc3 that tima, the special papers of Judge J. B. Eldredge, Edgar 
Weeks, John E Day and others, have shed much light on the history of this county. The 



^ 



following, extracted from Mr. Weaks' history of Mt. Clem=^ii3, brings us back to those 
olden times when the beginnings of Mt. Clemens began to take form: ''It is interesting, 
at times, to survey the history of the country which every-day life makes so familiar to 
us, and throughout the entire Northwest Territory no section afibrds so many interesting 
relics to those having an antiquarian turn of mind as the country around Detroit and 
these great hikes. 

In searching among the dusty records of ancient surveys and'travels, it is singulai' 
to note the early opinions of those who made this immediate section a study. Detroit, 
with its varied story of Indian warfare and treachery, its recollections of Red Jacket and 
Pontiac, the chieftains of the tribes inhabiting the vast wilds which have now given way 
to civilization and the graces of cultivation. The dark story of Bloody Run. the wild 
adveutiue of the e;irly settler, who planted himself upon the outer selvage of civilization, 
sustaining himself by the precarious chances of the chase and the hardly less profitable 
proceeds of the fisheries, while agriculture planted in the rich soil bordering upon our 
lakes labored under a want of skill which most conspicuously marked the early Canadian 
inhabitants of the frontier — all these things, nearly or quite forgotten in the whirl and 
business of our own day — have a rosy tinge of romance that speaks the voice of silent 
woods, of slothful streams, of mm'shes and unknown places. We recall, as we look around 
uj)on the improvements which years of toil have brought about, the majestic grandeur of 
solemn loneliness which long ago reigned here, disturbed only by the prowling wolf and 
panther, or by the not less savage aborigines. Many still live in our own vicinity whose 
memories carry them back to the first struggle made to plant a settlement at Mt. Clem- 
ens Our graceful Clinton River, which now bears upon its quiet bo.som the commerce of 
om- village, or, perchance, the graceful barge of the pleasiu'e-seeker, was then the Huron 
River, whose glassy wave broke the prow of the bark canoe freighted for its brief voyage 
with the squaw and the papoose of the migratory Indian; later, the element that buoyed 
u])on its bosom the " dug-out " of the trapper or the settler on his errand of trapping and 
fishing. We can fancy the scenes that animated the landscape then — the startled swan, 
swinging into view, and soaring away to some more secret haunt; the otter (plentiful then) 
and the muskrat — game sought for and highly prized; the forests resounding to the cry 
of the bird careering wildly into the dark wood, and the wild deer bounding away over 
the now site of cultivated farms and teeming villages. We can fancy how the quiet hills 
and glades echoed the shot of the wild huntsman; and the silence that 

'■ ' seltk'd wick' and still. 

On the lone wood and mighty hill,'" 

when no human being was there to invade nature's wide domain. 

Again, when night, the ' sable goddess,' swayed her leaden scepter, and the deep 
gloom of the untrodden forest was peopled only with the fantoms that ride upon the 
solemn stillness of the night. And yet again, when the glad day beamed from the portals 
of the morning, bringing no retiu-u of husbandman to waving harvest fields; no opening 
up of the fresh furrows to the busy plow. These are the scenes that fancy brings to the 
recollection. 

The earliest settlement of the country immediately surrounding this village was in 
the year 1781. In 178S, there were thirty-i'om" families in all the settlements from 
the mouth of the River Hui'on e.xtending up the stream some nine miles. These people, 
we ascertain, were tolerably well situated, but extremely poor, and lacked greatly in agri- 
cultural skill. The settlers were all of this description save four, who were said to be 
Englishmen of industry and enterprise. 

Twenty of the farms were purchased of the Indians in 1788 ; ten in 179:1 171*0 and 
1796; and four settled in the year 1800, without authority of any kind. 



'^7r 






We ascertain tbat, between Milk River and the mouth of the Huron River, a dis- 
tance of twelve miles, and being the strip of lake shore now known as L'ans creuse, 
there were, in 1797, thirty settlers. They were exceedingly poor, and were considered as 
unfortunate in their location. They were even ignorant of the number of acres they jios- 
sessed, and achieved a scanty subsistence by the chances of the chase, their traps and fish- 
ing. These people came into possession of their lands without authority even of the In- 
dians. 

Prior to 1808, and about 17114, a settlement had been made of a tract of land on 
the northwest side of the present village, near what is now Frederick; a saw-mill, a sHll 
and a grist-mill had been erected. After some years of occupation, this tract of laud 
passed into the hands of James Connor, who, after the organization of the Government 
by the adoption of the constitution, and after the session of this territory to the General 
Government by the State of Virginia, obtained a patent and a recognition of his title, 
which was a grant from the Indians. We find this recognition was made by the Commis- 
sioners of the Government in ISOU. This was the first openiug-uj) of the country on that 
side of this village. As a curiosity to our citizens, we give below what is believed to be 
a copy of the conveyance to Christian Clemens of a part of the present site of this village: 

" Know aiAj men by these presents: That I Henry Tucker, of River Huron, and Territory of 
M'uhigan, in consideration of the sura of |100, to me in hand paid by Christian Ch'mens, of tlie .same 
Dislri'<l ;ind T.iritnrv af..n-;iid. tin- icc-i].! U'linvuf I ,hi licni.v aiknowlr,!-,., hav,' n iiUM-d, released 
and foivviM- iiiiilii'd cLiiiii, ,iiid ,|.. I.\' thr-c invsi-ni^ ivmUc ivlra^c and loiT\Tr .|iiii rl:iiiu unto Christian 
Cleniiii-, hi- Ih'ir- :iiid a--imi~ Iniw.T, all thai (■'•rlaiii li'a.1 nr I,.| of bind siiuatr, 1\ Jul; and being on 
the River Huron, in .said Di-lrin, wliieli farm or Irari nf land is huuinled mi flu- MUitli liy said River 
Huron, on tlie east In' huaU of Tohias Newcomer, and running up said river fifteen and a half acres, 
and the usual depth of forty ai r. ^ hack ; I do hereby release, and forever quit-claim all my improve- 
ments, right to said tract or lot of land to have and to hold th(' same to him the said Christian Clem- 
ens, his heirs and assigns forever. 

In witness whereof. I have hi-reunto set mv hand and seal this fourth day of Mareh. in the vear 
of our Lord 1808. " Henry Tucker, [i.. s.]" 

In ])resenee of j 

Robert Tait. 

John I. Xeweomer. \ 

John Brooks came in and built a distillery about the year 1797. It used to stand 
where Hess & Kellogg' s grist-mill is. This was the first improvement made within the 
village corporation. Brooks continued the business until Clemens and Wisewell came 
here and bought the propei'ty of him. The business is said to have flom-ished until there 
became a scarcity of the raw material, when the proprietors procured a quantity of rye, 
which they distribtited among the farmers of the neighboring cotintry, the same to be re- 
turned after harvest. This was before the modern crusade, and no objections were raised. 
A log house stood down the river near the site of the old glass factory (now discontinued). 
Another, built by Mr. Clemens, stood on the corner near the site of the storefi owned by E. 
J. Tucker, on Pearl street A log house was also built over the river, opposite Hess & 
Kellogg's grist-mill. A distillery, also a log house, stood a little above the ship-yard of 
J. Saunders, built liy Henry Connor and a Mr. Grey. These improvements constitiited the 
village previous to the war of 1812. 

Many of the old families hail branched off and begun improvement above and below 
the village. Dm'ing the war of 1812, many outrages were committed by hostile Indians. 
To such an extent were these depredations carried that many families sought safety by 
moving to Detroit. Mr. Clemens joined the army, and did good service for this country. 
He returned with his family to this place immediately after the close of the war. In Oc- 
tober, 1817. John Stockton came to Mt. Clemens, having married one of Judge Clemens' 
daughters diu'ing the sojourn of the family in Detroit. The first frame structure erected 



V 



kT«- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



was an addition to Judge Clemens' honse, built in 1817. The remnants of it stood oppo- 
site the gate of the old burial -ground. 

The growth of the town from the organization of the county to the present has been 
as rapid and steady as circumstances would admit The old log court house was erected 
in 1819, and after the seat of justice was permanently established, the general prosperity 
of the village increased 

The first whisky manufactured in the county was that by John Brooks, who built a 
distillery at Mt. Clemens in 171)7 The iirst license to sell spirituous li(iuor granted by 
the County Court was that to Chief Justice Clemens, in 1818. 

The iiirst newspaper published in the county was the Macomb Detnocraf, with J. K. 
Averill managing, the tirst copy of which was issued November 5, 1835. 

The tirst marriage celebrated after the organization of the county was that of Syl- 
vester Finch and Miss Almeda Webster, June 4, 1818, before Justice John K. Smith. 
The ceremony was performed at Mt. Clemens. 

Ambrose Tremble, or Trombley, actually improved Claim 695 in 1774, and continued 
to make it his home until his decease, in 180r>. He was the second French pioneer of Ma- 
comb County. 

The third bona tide settler was Louis Groesbeck, who improved the lands subsequently 
known as Claim 2.7- in 1780. 

Eichard Connor, or O" Connor, was the tirst actual English-speaking settler. He came 
here in 1781, with, or about the same time, as John Huckenwelder. the Moravian patri- 
arch. 

The Moravians came in 1781, a day or two after De Peyster's council at Detroit, and 
settled near Mt. Clemens. 

The ne,xt was George Baker, in 1785, whose dealings in land at that time are sur- 
rounded with mystery. 

John Askin and Maj. William Ancram. of the British garrison at Detroit jmrchased 
Claim 068 from the Moravians in 1786, and rented the land to Robert Dowler the same 
year. Neither Askin nor Ancram ever settled on this laud, as, a few years later, they sold 
it to Todd & Co. . of Montreal. 

Joseph Socier located on Claim 585 in 1788, and the same year Louis Ciriffard began 
improving Claim 183. 

The Moravians left the Huron River settlement in 1781). some for Canada, and a few 
for their old home at Muskingum. 

The village of New Gnadtenhutteu was the first center of population in the_county. 

The tirst frame house raised in the county was that by John Stockton, in 181 i, form- 
ing an addition to Judge Clemens' log house. Alfred Ashley and the Cady brothers raised 
the Iirst entire frame building. 

Th(! tirst log house in the vicinity of the village was built by Nicholas Patenaude, in 
1758-5'.). 

Oliver Newberry opened a supply store early in 18'22, for he use of his men. who were 
engaged in building the boat La Grange. 

Ellis Doty, a native of Chautauqua County, N. Y., was the tirst regular merchant, or 
rather store-keeper, of the county. He opened a small business house at Mt. Clemens in 
1822. A small store was inaugurated nearly opposite the Flummer mill in 1821, but the 
ovmer's name is forgotten. 

The tii-st regular physicians of the county were Drs. Chamberlain and Thompson. 
They remained here so long as Gens. Cass, Brown, Clark, Judge Woodward, and the old 
friends of Christian Clemens, made it a custom to visit this point. 

The tirst banks were the Macomb County Bank, the Eastern Branch of the Clinton & 



f 



Oj^V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Kalamazeo Canal Bank, and the Huron River Bank. Those financial concerns will be 
regarded in another section of this work. 

The first census of that district now forming Macomb County was taken in 1810, for 
the General Government, while yet it formed a portion of the civil district of Hm-ou. 
From Mt. Clemens to the mouth of the river offered subject for the enumerator. 

The first Congregational Church was organized in 1832. 

The first Baptist Church was established here October 17, 1834. 

The first Methodist Episcopal Church was organized October 27, 1836. 

The first Protestant Episcopal Church was established in 1819, under Rev. Edward 
McGee. 

The German Evangelical Cluu'ch was legally established in 1860, when the society, 
which had been previously organized, pm-chased the academy and fitted it up as a house 
of worship. 

The first physician who made the county his home was Dr. Robert S. Rice, who es- 
tablished an office at the county seat in 1823. 

The first lawyers were Corney O'Flynn, George Alexandre O'Keefe, Ezra B. Prescott, 
AJex D. Frazer and Robert P. Eldi'edo-e. Thomas Ashley practiced for a short time in 
1820-21. 

The first Judges were: Judge Woodward, of the Territorial Supreme Court; Chief 
Justice Clemens, of the County Court; Associate Judges Daniel Le Roy and William 
Thompson; Justices Richard Butler and John K. Smith. 

The first regular train passed through the county over the Port Huron & Detroit 
Branch of the Grand Trunk Railroad in lSr)9. 

The first post office was established at Mr,. Clemen= in 1818, with John Stockton as 
Postmaster. 

In 1825 or 1826, Dr. Heni-y Taylor lo -ated at Mt. Clemens. Previously, he was a 
practitioner at Stoney Creek. Dr. Hall, whose son and daughters are now residents of 
the city, was one of the early physicians of this district. His death took place in 1865. 

DENTISTS AND DENTISTRY. 

The first dentist who located at Mt. Clemens was Dr. Jared Kibbee, who came in 
May, 1847, and opened an office east of the old American House, on Shelby street. Dr 
Kibbee continued practice here until May 1, 1854, when he moved to Detroit, and thence 
to Port Huron in 1853. Dr. William Warren came in 1866. and ojsened an office in the 
old woolen-mill, where the new jail now stands. He remained two years. Dr. White 
was the next dentist. He made regular visit to the village, and made headquarters at the 
American House. Dr. S. B. Axtell came in 1868 and practiced here until his death, in 
1870. George Rackham, called by some citizens " the alleged dentist," practiced here for 
a few months. Dr. Hutchins located here in the fall of 1872. 

PLATTING THE VILLAGE. 

The original plat of the village of Mt. Clemens was made by Christian Clemens in 1818. 
Itcomprisedsixtybuildinglots northeast of Macomb street, extending to Gratiot street (no>v 
Market), together with the slope-to the river: tweuty-one lots south of Cass street (now Shelby 
street), and twenty-six lots between Court street on the east, Cherry street on the north- 
west, Cass or Shellsy street on the south, and Macomb street on the northeast. The court 
house lot extended fi-om Court street to Front street. The last-named street was platted 
along the bank of the river from Gratiot, now Market street, to a point where the saw and 
spoke mill stands, on the bank of the river, south of the brewery. Since 1818, no less 
than seventeen additions have been made to the original plat, viz. : Mullett's, the city of 



rV^ 



JA 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Warsaw. Robertson's, Eldredge's, Hubbard's, Ashley's. Ferrin's. Morass', Welts'. Weeks' 
Eldredge's Second Addition. Weeks' Subdivision, Greener's, Butler's, Beyne's, Lewis' and 
Groesbeck's Subdivision, and the Dickenson Addition, south of the river. 

A deed granted to the people of Macomb hj Christian Clemens, dated March 10. 
1818, conveyed 2,934 square feet of land to the county in consideration of the village be- 
ing made the location of the county seat. This tract is what is now known as the public 
square. The deed bears the signatiu-es of Christian Clemens and his wife. Elizabeth, to- 
gether with those of the witnesses, Charles Seymour. Isaac L. Webb, John Stockton and 
James Fulton. A deed of two lots for the uses of church and school buildings was made 
at the same time. 

A lot on Sect'on No. 1. forming the northwest corner of Front and Macomb 
streets, was deeded by Christian Clemens to Adam H. Staring, of Herkimer County. N. 
Y.. July 17. 1818. in consideration of $100. Lot No. 7. Section 2. of the village, now 
just north of the brewery, on Front street, was sold to George McDougall. of Detroit, for 
$50, November 20, 1818. Ezi-a Prescott made the second purchase August 12. 1818. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The act of the Senate and House of Representatives, approved March 13, 1837, set off 
the land embraced within the following limits under the name the Village of Mount 
Clemens: Beginning at a point on the Clinton, where the west line of the farm of George 
Kellogg intersects the same; thence along the border of th& Clinton to a i)oint where the 
farm of Alfred Ashley strikes the river: thence north on the east line of the Ashley farm 
to a point whence a line due east would intersect the south line of the William Canfield 
farm; thence east on the range of 'Canfield" s line to the intersection of the west line of 
George Kellogg's farm, and thence down this line to the place of beginning. The act au- 
thorized the election of a President, Recorder and six Tnistees; but, owing to the number 
of changes which marked the fii'st year of the panic, as well as to the total prostration of 
enterprise, the terms of the act were not observed. 

The act of the Legislature, approved April -t. 1851. ordained that the territory with- 
in the following boundaries should be known as the village of Mount Clemens, viz.: Com- 
mencing at a point in the center of the Clinton, on the line between Harrison and Clin- 
ton; thence following the center of the river up stream to a i)oint where the westerly line 
of P. C. 139. originally jiatented to Richard Patterson, strikes the center of the river; thence 
northwardly to a point from which a line running due east will form the south line of the 

farm owned by the heirs of Mitchell; thence easterly to the line between Clinton 

and Harrison, and along that line to the place of beginning. The subject of amending the act 
of 1851 was introduced into the State Senate, March 10. 1875. by Senator Mellen. This 
amendatory act provided that the following boundaries should constitute the limits of the vil- 
lage: Commencing at a [)oint in the center of the Clinton River, where the line between 
the township of Harrison and Clinton intersects the center of river; thence along the cen- 
ter of the river up stream to a point between the lands owned by Cam|)l)ell and Sackett 
and the lands of Samuel Wood; thence north three degrees east, parallel with the west line 
of Private Claim 541. along the line between the lands of Campbell and Sackett and the 
lands of Samuel Wood, and also between the lands of said Campbell and Sackett and the 
lands of William PaiTot, and the lands of Nicholas Demmer, to the nortln^ast corner of 
the lands of Campbell and Sackett, in Private Claim 116; thence easterly at right angles 
along the line between the lands of Robert Little and Nicholas Demmer to a point on the 
west line of Private Claim 541; thence northerly along the west line of Claim 541 to the 
northwest corner of that claim: thence easterly along the north line of Claim 541 to its 
northeast corner; thence southerly along the east line of claim to a point on the line be- 



t 



W 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tween the lands of Giles Hubbard and Andrew Griner; thence easterly at right angles 
along the line between the lands of Giles Hubbard and Andrew Griner, and also along 
the north line of lands of Andrew Griner to the center of the North Branch road; thence 
southerly along the center of that road to a point on the line between the lands of Fran- 
ces Mitchell and James Canfield; thence south 85^ 45' east, along the line between the 
lands of Mitchell and Cantield to the center of the Fort Gratiot Turn])ike: thence south 
21" 15' west along the center of said tm-npike to a point, the center of John street; thence 
south 37° east along the center of John street and continuation of the center line of John 
street to a point on the line between the townships of Clinton and Harrison; thence south- 
erly along the town line to the place of beginning. 

1851 — President, Daniel Liite; Recorder, George Scott; Treasurer, Koljert Thomson. 

1852 — President, Benjamin Robertson; Recorder, Robert Thomson: Treasurer, George 
C. Fletcher. 

1853— President, Ed C. Gallup: Recorder, John S. Fletcher; Treasurer, D. C. Will- 
iams. 

1854 — President, John Stockton; Recorder, Joel C. McDonald; Treasurer, George C, 
Van Eps. 

1855 — President, John S. Parks; Recorder, George Scott; Treasiirer. Silas Dixon. 

185G — President. Eben W. Hall; Recorder, Sam A. Fitch: T)'easiu'er, Wesley Hin- 
man. 

1857 — President, -Joshua B.Dickenson; Recorder, John S. Fletcher; Treasiu'er, Silas 
Dixon. 

1858 — President, Joshua B. Dickenson; Recorder, James B. Eldredge; Treasurer, D. 
C. Williams. 

1859 — President, Giles Hubbard: Recorder, James B. Eldi-edge; Treasiu-er. Abe 
Wise. 

1860 — President, William S. Robinson; Recordar. Oliver Gbapaton: Treasm-er, J. H. 
C!onnor. 

1861— President. William S. Robinson: Recorder, Oliver Chapaton; Treasurer, John 
E. Van Eps. 

1862 — President, George B. Van Eps; Recorder, Oliver Chapaton: Treasurer, Joseph 
Hubbard. • 

1863 — President, John E. Van Eps; Recorder, Ira Stout; Treasiu-er, Robert Shook. 

1864 — President, Joshua B. Dickenson: Recorder, Ira Stout; Treasurer, Oliver Cha- 
paton. 

1865 — President, Oliver Chapaton ; Recorder, William S. Robinson : Treasurer. 
Oliver Chapaton. 

1866 — President, Judsou S. Farrar; Recorder, William S. Robinson: Treasurer. 
William Flummer. 

1867— President, Thomas W. Snook; Recorder, T. C. Bradford: Treasurer, G. B. Van 
Eps. 

1868 — President, George B. Van Eps; Recorder, William S. Robinson; Treasm-er, 
Silas Dixon. 

1869 — President, Oliver Chapaton; Recorder, T. J. West: Treasurer, T. W. Snook. 

1870— President, F. W. Sackett; Recorder, W. S. Rolnuson: Treasurer, E. J. Tuckai-. 

1871 — President, John H. Connor; Recorder, Jlyron White; Treasurer, John Otto. 

1872 — President, Myron White; Recorder, Charles S. Groesbeck; Treasurer. John 
Otto. 

1873 — President, James B. Eldredge; Recorder, -Tames M. Heath; Treasurer, Paul 
Ulrieh. 



) ^ 



■^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



1874-77 — President, Thomas M. Crocker; Recorder, Hemy W. Babcock; Treasurer," 
Robert Shook. 

1875 — President, Thomas M. Crocker: Recoi'der. Heurv W. Babcock; Treasurer. 
William E. Hall. 

1876 — President. Thomas M. Crockt^r; Recorder, Heurv W. Babcock; Treasurer. 
William E. Hall. 

1878 — President. Charles S. Groesbeck: Recorder, Henry W. Babcock; Treasurer. 
Charles Moser. 

TRUSTEES. 

1857 -.John E. Van Ejjs, A. L. Gurber, W. L. Rutter, Benjamin Rol)ertson, Giles 
Hubbard. 

1858 — Henry Taylor, Sr., Francis Latourueau, George Nicholls. Ed J. Tucker, D. C. 
Williams. 

1859 — George B. Van Eps, Charles ;\Iosor, Oi-rin W. De Lano, Abe Wise, Loren 
Phelps. 

186(^ — John H. Connor, Elisha West, Myron White, Joshua B. Dickenson, Henry H. 
Huntington. 

1861— Myron White. Dennis MeCaffertv, Elisha West, J. H. Connor, John E. Van 
Eps. 

186'i — David Shook, John Tucker, Joseph Hubbard, John M. Sanders, Loren Phelps. 

1863 — Varnum Lufkin, Bruno Van Landeghem, George O. Nicholls, Robert Shook, 
Aug Dahm. 

1864 --C. Generous, Dennis McCafferty, William Flummer, Fred Hatch, Oliver Cha- 
paton. 

1865— Elisha West, W. S. Donaldson, Charles Ulrieh, John I. Eraser, G. O. Nicholls. 

1866 — William Flummer, J. E. Van Eps, Michael Stapleton, Varnum Lufkin, John 
Roskop. 

1867— Silas Dixon, A. Strong, G. B. Van Eps, Varniun Lufkin, Alvin Brandy. 

1868 — Silas Dixon. Varnum Lufkin, A. Brandv, Alex Strong, Thomas W. Shook. 

1869— Theo Traver, A. T. Donaldson. J. E."Van Eps. William M. Connor, T. W. 
Snook. 

1870-*S. Dixon, William Flummer, P. P. Griner. M. Peltier. 

1871— Varnum Lufkin, Robert Hunt. William Heine, John Otto. D. MeCaft'erty. 

1872 — Ed Lewis, John Otto, William Heine, W. S. Donaldson. Varnum Lufkins. 

1873 — Robert Shook, Paul Ulrieh, John Rosskop, Edward Tremble, C. S. Groesbeck. 

1874 — Robert Shook. Caspar Peters, C. D Crittenden, Emanuel Mandel, J M. Heath. 

1875— C. S. Groesbeck. E. J. Tucker, B. B. Hess, D. C. Tilden, G. W. Robertson, J. 
Rossko]), William Heine, G. R. Law. 

1876 — B. Van Landigham, V. Lufkin, F. G. Kendrick, G. W. Robinson. John E. Van 
Eps , Josejsh Lonsby. 

1877 — John Otto. John E. Van E})s, William S. Donaldson, Joseph Lonsby. 

1878 — Jacob Roessel, Ed W. Lewis, Ed Trojnbloy, Henry Fries. 

The last meeting of the Village Board was held April 10, 1879, for the jtm-pose of 
canvassing the votes given at the first election of city officers, April 7, 1879. The Council 
declai-ed the following-named citizens elected to till the offices of the city government: 
Joshua B. Dickenson, Mayor; Hemy W. Babcock, Clerk; Jacob W. Shook, Treasiu'er; 
Moses Savage, Marshal; George H. Pelton, Collector; James A. Savage, Street Commis- 
sioner; T. M. Crocker, J. B. Eldredge, William J. Daly, School Inspectors; John E. Van 
Eps. James G. Tucker, F. C. Kettler, C. S. Groesbeck, Justices of the Peace; John Otto, 
Fred G. Kendrick, Aldermen at Large; Philip H. Shook, Edward ^^\ Lewis, William S. 



fe^ 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



Donaldson, John W. Portei', Ferdinand Miller, Julius Koehler, Aldermen; Judson S. Far- 
rar, James A. Canlield, Arthur E. Van Eps, Superviors: William L. Rutter, William 
Longstafi", Mitchel Peltier. Constables. 

The members of the old Council present were Charles Groesbeck. President; H. W. 
Babcock, Clerk; William S. Donaldson, John Otto, John E. Van Eps, Joseph Lonsby, 
Jacob Roessell, Ed W. Lewis and Henry Fries, Trustees. 

The city officers for ISSO were: George M. Crocker, Mayor: James G. Tucker, 
Clerk; George H. Pelton, Treasurer; Moses Savage, Mar.shal; A. C. Brandy. Street Com- 
missioner; S. B. Russell, Justice of the Peace; Charles Ulrich, Alderman at Large; James 
B. Eldredge, School Inspector. The i-epresentatives on the city board were Philip H. 
Shook, Martin C. Kelly, William Heine, Aldermen. The representatives on the county 
board were Judson S. Farrar, H. W. Babcock, Arthur E. Van Eps, Supervisors; William 
L. Rutter, William LongstaS" and John B. Heath, were elected Constables. 

The oificers elected for 1.SS1-S2 were: Spencer B. Russell, Mayor; Augustus C. Dahm, 
Clerk; J. W. Shook, Treasm-er; Ferdinand Miller, Marshal; George H. Pelton, Collector; 
R. Widrig, Street Commissioner; F. C. Kettler, Justice of the Peace; John Dankers, Al- 
derman at Large: J. B. Eldredge, School Insiiector. The representatives to Council are: 
Martin Crocker, John Kuljue, J. E. Brehler. Aldermen. The members of Supervisors' 
Board were William E. Hall. Henry W. Babcock and Arthur E. Van Eps. The Constables 
elected in 1881 were George Bulzter, William LongstaiF and J. B. Heath. 



MT. CLEMENS ELECTION- 



CANDIDATES. 


1st Ward. 


2d Ward. 


:)D Ward. 


T..A.. 


Majority. 


Mayor, 
Rus.scll D 


89 

66 

98 
63 

91 
67 

106 
55 

98 
62 

63 
93 

94 
70 

82 
74 

94 
66 
91 


154 
106 

163 
102 

154 

107 

164 
101 

180 
86 

139 

116 

160 
107 

138 
115 

160 
96 

158 


148 

47 

153 
42 

136 
39 

143 

48 

146 
43 

126 
59 

140 
53 

123 

64 

139 
46 

140 


386 
319 

414 
207 

;88i 

213 

413 

204 

424 
191 

328 
268 

394 
230 

343 
253 

393 

207 
389 


167 


Gale, R 




Maushal, 
Miller D 


207 


Skillnian R 




Tkeasuker. 
Shook D • 


168 






Clp:rk, 
Rutter, D 


209 


Dahm R 




Collector, 
Peltou, I) 


2:^3 


Shackleton. R 




Street Com.mlssioner. 
Guic'tte, D 


40 


Wiihiff, R 




JfsTicE op the Peace. 

Tucker, D 


164 


Saulsburv, R 




Alderman at Laroe, 

Barr. D 


90 


White, R 




School Inspector, 
Eldredge, D 


186 


Spier, R '. 

Kettler, D 





Supervisor, 

Hall, R 

Montford, D . 



FIRST WARD. 



.100— 38 

. 62 



"^' 



Alderman. 

Shcfffilv, D 86— 13 

Lewis. R 78 

Constable, 

Butzelcr, II 79 

Huttcr, I) 79 

SECONI> WAUD. 

Supervisor, 

Groesbeck. D W)— 87 

Cantield, R 118 

Alderman, 

Roessell, D 171— 82 

Mathews, R 89 

Constable, 

Lonffstaff , D 1 68— 78 

Simms, R 90 

THII!I) WARD. 

Supervisor, 

VanEps, D 168—130 

Roliinson, R 43 

Alderman, 

Dahm, D 140— 83 

Koehler. R 67 

The following temperate review of the last city election is taken from the Mount 
Clemens Monitor: " The election in Mount Clemens was painfully Democratic. It was 
also an eye-opener to those who have been singing for ' law and order. " Mr. Russell for 
Mayor, Miller for Marshal and Tucker for Justice of the Peace — three men especially ob- 
noxious to the self-styled ' law and order ' element, were re-elected by largely increased 
majorities, and they took the remainder of the Democratic ticket with them. It is, we 
hope, now clear to all. as it has been from the start to reasoning men, ihat the ' law and 
order" issue was ill-judged. It failed because there was no aroused sentiment at its back. 
And why should there be? Saloons are open in Mount Clemens, as in 99 out of 100 
other towns in Michigan during proscribed hours. Despite this Mount Clemens is a very 
quiet, law-abiding city. It is incontestably true that there have been many violations of 
the liquor law diu'ing the past yeai-, but they have been no more flagrant than those of 
other years. While his was the case and the peace of our streets remained secure, an 
agitation for a more stringent enforcement of law was doomed to fail. Public temper is 
patient and long suffering, and, as a general thing, must be grossly and e.Ktraordinarily 
abased before it is thoroughly aroused. Fiu-thermore, the 'law and order' people did 
nothing while they had a chance. The Republican candidates for Mayor, Marshal and 
Justice were acceptable to them, but they received very little, if any, assistance frojn the 
very men whom they were nominated to please. On the other hand, the whole liquor in- 
terest, unnecessarily alarmed, as it seems, turned in for the Democratic ticket, which, it 
muy be observed, was on other grounds generally acceptable to the party." 

The Greenbackers" ticket polled forty-three votes for Mayor, and from ten to seven- 
teen votes for their ward candidates. 

The death of Mayor Joshua B. Dickenson, in May, 1879, occasioned a special meeting 
of the Council. Aid. Otto moved a resolution of condolence, from the preamble of which 
the following historical paragraph is taken: "Mr. Dickenson came to Moiuit Clemens at 
an early day, and from the tii'st has been prominently connected with the interests of this 
comnnuiity. The gi-owth of om- town has been his pride: the individual success of her 
citizens to him has been an apjiarent source of gratification. It was fitting that the suf- 
frages of om- people should make him our first Mayor." The election of George M. 
Crocker as Mayor of the city took place in June, 1879, and his re-election in April, 1880. 



'-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



During Mayor Crockei'"s administration, the building of the county court house was 
begun. The dismissal of Mayor Russell, in 1881, and his subsequent re-election, referred 
to in other ])ages, mark the history of the jiresent time. 

.\MEEIC.\N SETTLKKS IN 1821-22. 

The following is a list of the American settlers of Mount Clemens in 1821-22, as re- 
membered by H. H. Cady, who arrived in 1821: Christian Clemens, tanner, farmer and 
hotel-keeper; John Stockton, coimty officer; Thomas Ashley, farmer; Ezekiel Allen, tan- 
ner, currier and shoemaker, had a shoj) on the bank of the river, where the Butler and 
Ulrich Blocks are now located: Ellis Doty operated a store where the Sherman House now 
stands; Henry Halsey. pottery manufacturer, having his shop where is now the opera 
house; Silas Halsey worked in the potter shop; James Connor resided two miles west, on 
the William Campbell farm; Harvey Cook was located on the present H. H. Cady home- 
stead; Eichard Butler lived on the Gratiot road, a block south of the public square; 
Chauncey G. Cady, step-son of Thomas Ashley, lived in the Ashley House, at the corner 
of Shelby and Front streets, opposite the new jail: Caj^t. Russ was engaged building 
the Harriet of Mount Clemens at the time; Israel Nobles and his wife. Miss Halsey, 
dwelt a short distance east of Flummer's grist-mill. In 1821, Rev. Mi-. Morey, a Method- 
ist preacher, visited IMount Clejuens, was entertained by Nobles and died at the Russ 
homestead a week or so after his arrival; Nun Moe was the village cooper; he had his shop 
where the Hall lumber yard is now located. 

FIRST FLOURING MILL. 

The tirst mill at Mount Clemens was neither a water nor steam mill. It was simply 
a primitive something run by horse-power. It contained one run of stone about two feet 
in diameter. Its capacity was about eighteen bushels per twenty-four hours. After the 
building of the Cady or Haskins Mill, on the North Bi-anch, the Clemens concern fell into 
disuse, and the little millstones were appropriated by the new Hour manufacturers. 

FIRST ORCHARDS. 

The first attempt at gardening within the city was made by Chi-istian Clemens, who 
set out apple and pear trees shortly after settlement. The principal oi'chards extended 
from the present AVilliam Tucker homestead to the Morass House, near the mouth of the 
river. The fu-st large orchard set out was that by Jim Allen, a step-son of Judge Clemens, 
between the years 1837 and 184(_). This orchard still exists on the south bank of the 
river, opposite the Avery House. The property belongs to George Roberston, a member 
of the firm of Snook & Robertson, stave manufactiu-ers. The Clemens orchard referred 
to ju-eviously was located close to the house on Front street, a little southwest of the Flu- 
mer mill. The Tucker orchard of ten acres was the first set out in the county by native 
Americans. Charles Tucker was the owner and to him customers came from Oakland and 
St. Clair to obtain su])])lies of fruit. 

FIRST CEMETERY. 

Henry Halsey was the first person bui-ied in the old cemetery on the Gratiot Turnpike. 
Jim Allen, H. H. Cady, C. G. Cady were the first grave-diggers. Judge Clemens accom- 
panied the funeral and pointed out the spot where the grave was to be made. 

SENIOR SETTLER. 

The oldest living American settler in Macomb County is Chauncey G. Cady, Presi- 
dent of the Macomb Pioneer Society, who settled in Mount Clemens in 1820. Richard 
Butler, of Mounc Clemens, and Elder Davis, of Macomb, are the senior old residents. 
Hiram Squires, born outside the United States, is the oldest settler. 






■■j£^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COI'NTY. 



THE GLASS FACTORY. 

A class factory was established here by Hall & Grover early in the fourth decade of 
this century. The factory was located where the mineral works are now situated. U. H. 
Cadv remembers the works uja to 1837, when he moved into the town of Macomb. He 
states that the works were in full blast then, and continued in operation for some five or 
six years later. 

THE FIRST SAW MILLS. 

The first saw-mill was that known as the Plank Road Mill, erected about 1841). It is 
operated by the Plank Road Company. The road was laid out by the State; the company 
received a charter subsecjuently, erected this saw-mill and from it tiu-ned out the plank 
necessary for building the road. The charge over this highway is 1 cent per mile, for one 
horse, and 2 cents for two horses. So recently as 1882, it was a common practice among the 
new settlers of Macomb to attach two loaded wagons and have them di-awn over this road 
by the same team. This was done to efifect a saving of 40 cents, the charge for the second 
team. C. Gr. Cady seems to think that a saw-mill stood a little north of the present min- 
eral springs long l)efore the plank road concern was built. However, it jiroved a failure. 

INAUGUHATING THE CANAL. 

The opening of work on the Clinton & Kalamazoo Canal was celebrated at Mount 
Clemens with Col. Stockton presiding. Gov. Mason. Conrad Ten Eyck and others were 
guests of the villagers. Everyone in the county — men, women and children — was sup- 
posed to visit Mount Clemens on that day. The supposition was very near correct, as 
lai'ge numbers of the people were present on the occasion. 

The first sod was dug by Gov. Mason, a few speeches were made, after which the visit- 
ors to the village were bantpieted by the people. The banquet table was spread where 
now is Shelby street, opposite the present com;t house. It is estimated that at least 200 
people participated in the dinner. About the dinner-hour, there were a few s]nritful 
souls in the village who ajipeared on the table and under it about the same time. There 
are a few old settlers still here who may reiilize the description. The present residence 
of Thomas Foster, built by Dr. Hall in the summer of 1837. is considered to be one of 
the first brick dwellings erected in the citj'. 

Miss Hall, daughter of Dr. Hall, states that the salt wells were not begun until 1805. 
Then a well was bored nearer the river than the present one; but. on account of the flow of 
surface water, the directors changed the machinery about twenty feet farther from the 
river bank. 

MT. CLEMENS IN 18()8. 

The large number of dwelling-houses which were erected in the year 1808 is a pleasing 
evidence that the village was in a jsrosperous condition and rapidly increasing in population 
and wealth. The worst thing that can be said of a town is that the rents are low and there 
are plenty of houses to let — a thing that certainly could not be said of Mount Clemens then. 
To prociu-e anything in the shape of a dwelling-house here a person had to pay an exorbitant 
price, while respectable residences could not be had for love or money. Dwellings were con- 
tinually going up on all hands, and yet the demand for houses to rent remained undimin- 
ished. In glancing over the list of the many new buildings which have been erected 
here in 1N07-8, the following are noted: On Gratiot street south, Mr. Schutt 
built himself a two-stovy residence (wood), while nearly opposite a two-story brick 
dwelling, owned by W. B. Hubbard, stands nearly completed. A shore distance from 
this on the same side of the street. Potter and Henry Cook have both erected cottages 
of a story and a half. The former gentleman intended next season to build a more com- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ruodious dwelling in front of the one he then occupied. On the same street. William Jen- 
ney greatly improved his residence by completely repairing the same at a cost of some 
$3,000, making it, in point of style and beauty, attractive. On Gratiot street, north, a num- 
ber of new houses have been put u}) and extensive repairs made in old ones. John Guy- 
ette and W. J. Canfield have each built good substantial dwellings, while E. J. Tucker, 
Henry Connor and others fitted up their respective residences so that they now jjresent 
as fine an apjiearance as if brau new throughout. 

On Shelby street, Dr. H. K. Babcock had in an advanced state of completion a resi- 
dence which, when finished, will be the most beautiful of the many that now adorn our 
village. It is of brick, built in the Gothic style, highly ornamental in all its apjioint- 
ments, and reflects not only credit upon the architect who designed the model, but is a 
monument to the good taste and liberality of the Doctor. A short distance from this, 
Mrs. Joseph Goetz built a handsome two-story frame dwelling. Dwelling-houses have 
also been put tip on Shelby street. Many improvements have been made in the way of 
new fences, painting, ornamenting, etc., which, though small in themselves, taken as a 
whole add much to the general good appearance of the place. Altogether the past season 
has been one of unusual activity in building improvements, and citizens could review 
the same with feelings of just pride and satisfaction. 

Among the principal business men of the village were D. G. Williams, dealer in dry 
goods; Joseph Hubbard, successor of High & Hubbard; Phelps & Shook, produce mer- 
chants; John Otto, flour dealer; F. H. Bentley, jeweler: J. H. Snook, stationer and Post- 
master; Mrs. J. Mintonye, milliner; Charles Wiuegar, boots and shoes; John Rosskop, 
butcher; J. Batty, photographer; S. Dixon, gi-ocer; R. Waterson. furniture dealer: the 
Sherman House, together with a number of minor business houses. 



PROGRESS IN ISNO. 

The first symptoms of the boom were noticeable in the summer of 1N79. when return- 
ing confidence and 2:)rosperity in the country generally, the fine business done here by 
merchants and manufacturers, and the continued development of the springs, made every 
one good-natiu-ed and speculative. Money began to be loosed in men's pockets, and the 
first indication of a general disposition to invest in new enterprises became evident. 
There has been an immense amount of talk from that time to this, and even now, after 
much of the talk has crystallized into tangible and substantial results, there is about as 
much as ever. 

The building ojjerations in Mount Clemens during the year 18S0 surjaassed. almost 
bej-ond comparison, those of any year in her history. The building business is always 
spasmodic. There was a big run of it a few years previous: then came a lull and again 
came great activity. Everybody who can wants to build. Nothing contributes more to 
the advantage of a place than building. A town is beautified and substantially enriched 
by it. Money is set loose, labor employed and a new impulse given to trade in all direc- 
tions. The following is a list of the principal buildings, with the estimated cost of each: 

Court House ifS.S.OOO 

New hotel ^ 30.000 

German church. iil)out 10,000 

Butler Block 4,000 

M. E. Church 3,500 

Bath house 1,.500 

Hagen, residence '. . 3,000 

Sherman House addition, residences, repairs, etc 14,000 

Total 190. 00( ) 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



THE ERA OF ADVANCEMENT. 

Early iu 1^81. the fiill tide of prosperity retui'ued to Mount Clemens. The outlook 
was never brighter. The extraordinary activity and growth which made 1880 memoraljle 
iu her annals will be fully equaled in the season which the cheerful weather of the 
spring of 1881 fairly opened. The boom continued and was mai'ked by the same solidity 
that characterized it from the start; it was a normal and necessary growth. The most 
substantial token of prosperity in a place is the building operations. They are the sign 
of increase in wealth and population. Every stick of timber and every stone and brick 
formed and put in place are so mucli clear gain. They represent money paid into the 
hands of laborers, mechanics and merchants, that before sought other channels. They 
give an impetus to trade and result in permanent benefit to the entire community. It is a 
matter for congratulation that the building ojierations in Mount Clemens this year will be 
unprecedented by those of any yeai' in her history, with the probable exception of ISSO, 
when they footed up in the vicinity of $90,000. 

The principal building erected this year was the new jail, the cost of which was SIO,- 
000. The Supervisors met in special session to take steps in the direction of its erection. 
Different sites for the structure were discussed, among them William Moser"s lot, on the 
southeast corner of Front and Shelby streets, and the Phelps property on South Gratiot. 
These are but two of many sites that were in the market. 

On the corner of Front and Macomb streets, John W. Porter and Charles Ullrich 
built, although not iu conjunction, a large three-story block. Each building is 20x70. 
strong and handsome. 

On the lot on Macomb street, between Hemmeu's and John Roskopp's, covered by a 
low wooden structure, Anthony Dahm erected a tine two-story block. 

A large force of men was engaged in moving off the old building adjacent to the 
Avery House, where the new corner is now built up. This corner cost about 14,000, and 
is in harmony with the remainder of the structure, after plans made by Mr. Gibbs, under 
whose direction the building was constructed. 

A large number of new residences were under contract in Mount Clemens ami imme- 
diate vicinity. Hall & Shook alone furnished lumber for the following; 

Charles Wood, two houses on Grand Trunk avenvie; Oliver Roberts. Lewis Roberts 
and Charles Moore's liouses on Moross avenue; William Marquardt's house on South Gra 
tiot; MinardBarr's house, corner Front and Ferry streets; Jacob Hubbard's house on Clin- 
ton street; Chris Hempke's house and part on Grand Trunk avenue; John Barr^-'s house 
just west of city limits: Patrick Quinn's brick house on Gratiot road; Jacob W. Miller's 
on Canal road; Fred Gossmire's house on Macomb and Clinton town line; Fred Cline 
smith's house at Cadv; Lemuel Shattuck's house in Macomb. 

The same firm supply lirmber for a considerable number of smaller buildings in town, 
and for houses at Eraser, Utica and other contiguous points. 

Lonsby Bros, sold material for a number of buildings; among them John Duby's 
house on Front street, a large house on Shelby street, the name of whose builder could 
not be learned. 

S. S. Gale has decided upon the erection of a large house in ])lace of his present 
residence on Clinton street. 

These were the building projects so far as definitely settled. Other and important 
ones are almost certainties. In addition to the new buildings, a large amount of repair- 
ing was done. Property owners all over the city made great improvements. The opera- 
tions as above set foi-th'foot up nearly $40,000. The total jirobably exceeded 150,000. 

A [a-omiuent indication of the growth of Mount Clemens is the addition which Don 
M. Dickenson is laying out across the river. It is being regularly platted in streets and 




JOSH<JA B. DICKlfslSOI^I 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



blocks, aud the erection of half a dozen houses entered upon, 
time to be one of the finest residence parts of the city. 



The addition promises in 



THE TELEPHONE EXCHANGE. 

The Telephone Exchange is steadily spreading out in Mount Clemens and now em- 
braces the following jjlaces: Babcock's drug store, central office: bath-house; G. T. R. R. 
Depot; Dr. M. C. Kelly, residence: Law cV Shook, gi-oceries; Avery & Saekett. boots and 
shoes; Donaldson Bros., manufactory; John Rosskopp, meat-market; James Brennan, livery: 
William Flummer, grist-mill; H. Lodewyck. livery; E. J. Olde & Co., diy goods; Dr. V>'. 
D. Wilson; Calkins & Dahm, druggists: Sherman House; Avery House; William Moser. 
meat-market; William Campbell, Belvidere. The Avery alone is in direct communica- 
tion with Detroit. These additions to the ways of progi-ess date back only to 1881. 

T.\XATION. 

Among the principal taxpavers of the city, in 1882, the following may be named: 
Mrs. Catharine Crocker, 8338.0] ' Hem-v Connor, 1219.96; O. Chapaton, §295: Mrs. Julia 
Debate, 8111.26: R. P. Ekb-edge, 8139.05: Mrs. E. Moser, 8118.76; John W.Miller, 
8128.75: Don M. Dickenson, .$112.50: Mrs. Mary Saekett, 8146.25; Eugene Shook, 8100.- 
02: Mrs. Charlotte Trufant. 8252,50; Charles Ullrich, 8434.45; Paul Ullrich, $121.98; 
S. S. Gale. 8120.21: Grover Bros., 8133.54; Mrs. Giles Hubbard, 8103.19; F. G. Ken- 
drick, 8152.12; Mount Clemens Savings Bank, 8133.54; John Roskopp, 8160.99; T. W. 
Snook, 8105.01: B. Van Landeghem. 8176.66; Van Eps & Co., $149.09; C. Winegar, 
8104.43; John E. Brehler, $158.80; J. B. Dickinson estate. $102.97; Avery House. 8192.- 
48; William Flummer, $103.40; P. P. Greiner, $114.03; E. J. Olde, i96.24; T. M. 
Crocker. $111.58; James A Canfield. .$91.05. 

From the following statement of finances of the city of Mount Clemens, from April 
8, 1880, to and including April 7, 1881, an idea of what the people have to pay for city 
government may be gleaned: 

treasukek's .\CC0rNT. DR. 

Balance on hand. April 8. 1880 ■* 2.007 37 

Cash for b.inils sold 20,.5li0 00 

Liquor Tax i >f County Treasurer 2,222 Oil 

Pines from .Justice of the Peace 50 01) 

Licenses and impouudins; 83 60 

Sidewalk tax ■: 90 48 

Order issued not redeemed 10 00 

Cash for stove sold 6 '^"' 

Cash from City Collector 9.-113 30 

Total P5,049 83 

cit. 

Orders drawn on several funds f 20..347 30 

Interest on bonds paid _ 800 00 

Balance to be accounted for 13,903 .53 

Total ^ f 35.049 82 

THE CLINTON EIVEE. 

The volume of the commerce of Clinton River is vastly greater than many people 

. suppose, and. with the river properly improved, it would steadily and largely increase 

from year to year. As it is one of tlie chief contributors to the prosperity, growth and 

business importance of Mount Clemens, every effort to increase its usefulness should be 

made. To this end little is necessary but some eompai-atively slight and inexpensive im- 



"S ""V ' 



HISTORY OF MACOMB C0U2STY. 



provements in the channel. The need of these has, each season, for the past decade, 
been more and moi-e pressing. The north channel of Lake St. Clair,. sweeping in, strikes 
at right angles the channel extending out from the month of Clinton River, and since 
this was dredged some years ago. the lake current has unintermittingly been piling sand 
into it. Tlie channel has now a depth of little over five feet, and, unless improved, the 
day is not far distant when the river will be isractically closed to the entrance of all ves 
sels but those of the lightest draft. Two barges, the Monitor and Louis Gilbert, were 
sold recently for the simple reason that they could not conveniently enter the river. 

The river boats best known since the time of the Harriet, of Mount Clemens, were 
the steamers Ida, Florence, Mayflower, Ida Burton. Monitor. Rouge. Mackinaw and 
Noyles; steam vachts Euua and Marietta; scows Matilda. Snowball, Hero. Garibaldi, 
Enreight, Forster, Home, Aunt Ruth and Curlew. 

Tlie boats now on the river, together with others on the stocks, for the lake and river 
trade, swell this list considerably. 

The shipments from this port form a considerable item. Last yeai', thousands of bar- 
rels of headings, millions of staves and thousands of cords of wood were shipped hence. 
The recent appro])riation of $25.(X)(> for the improvement of the river, the construction of 
a new draw-bridge at Moimt Clemens and the removal of the pontoon bridge all jioint to 
the fact that a determination exists to draw forth all the advantages which the ri^ er offers 
to the city and to the county. 

THE DEATH OF FOUB CITIZENS. 

The last boundary of liuman affairs is death, or, as the beautiful language, which, 
through some mystery, is allowed to lie almost dead, would have it. mors idfima linea 
rernm est. April 27, 18S1, will be remembered in the history of Mount Clemens as a day 
which witnessed the death of four of her citizens, each well known and deservedly popu- 
lar. It appears from the Monitor's report of the calamity that George H. Snook, Dr. W. 
D. Decker, Charles Wood and Morey Ajctell went forth on a fishing expedition. Proceed- 
ing to the mouth of the river, they borrowed a small boat fi'om AVilliam Tucker, in which 
they ventm'ed out on the waters of the lake. Al;)out 3:06 in the afternoon, they reached 
Strawberry Island, thi-ee miles east of the mouth of the Clinton, where they purchased a 
few fish from the fishermen. Re-entering their dangerous craft, they pulled for the moiith 
of the river. The ice was running fast, which alone rendered the trip a very hazardous 
undertaking. To add to the misfortune, one of those terrific squalls, well known by the 
lake fishermen, swept across the icy waters, capsized the little boat, engulfed fom- human 
beings, created a little world of sorrow among widows and children, among fathers, 
mothers, brothers and sisters, a season of mourning and gloom in their coiinty and a thrill 
of sympathy throughout the State. 

Search for the bodies of the missing men was at once instituted. On Thursday and 
Friday, 28th and 29th of April, the eastern part of the lake was traversed, with the result 
of finding a jug, partly filled with cider and identified as one taken by the missing men. 
On April, the tug Perkins resumed the tour of the lake, and, at 2 o'clock, the explorers 
saw a boat in the distance, floating low upon the water. Proceeding toward this ominous 
tell-tale of tragedy, it was soon found that in it was the dead body of Morey Axtell. The 
body lay athwart the seats in the water, which almost filled the boat, while his head hung 
over the side. It was surmised that the little craft swamped, that the men one by (me. 
lost hold of it and sank, Axtell alone remaining to fight death a V oiitrnnce. At length, 
overcome by cold and weakness, he fell forward into the water-logged boat and was 
drowned. 

Robert Morris Axtell was born in the township of Macomb November 22, 1858. He 
attended the Saunders Institute at Philfidolphia. in 1870 and 1871, thence to Morristown, 



w 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



N. Y., to learn the carpenter trade, whei'e he remained until his return to Mount Clemens, 
in 1870. He was the only son of E. S. and F. M. Astell. He was a cousin of his fellow- 
excui'sionist. Postmaster Snook, and a bosom friend of Charles H. Wood, with whom he 
learned his trade at Morristown and with whom he perished in Lake St. Clair. 

The bodies of Wood, Snook and Decker were not found up to May 22, and all hope 
of finding their remains was almost lost, when the waters themselves yielded up one after 
another. 

Following the example of Rev. Clarence Eddy, in his memorial sermon, we will here 
give a brief biographical notice of the deceased citizens, Messrs. Decker and Snook. 

Creorge H. Snook was born in the township of Clinton. April 20, 1852. He attended 
Sanders" Institute at Philadelphia one year, when he returned to his native county and 
entered upon the school-teacher's profession. Subsequently, he entered the Cornell Uni- 
versity, at Ithaca. N. Y. as a student of engineering, but, owing to a disease of the eyes, 
was forced to give up study and return to the walks of ordinary life. Resolutions of con- 
dolence and respect were passed by the Rescue Hook and Ladder Company, by the Trustees 
of the Presbyterian Church, and, in reality, by every family in the county. 

Dr. Wilhelmus Decker was born at the village of Ontario, Wayne Co., N. Y., in July, 
1846. His father removed, with his family, to Shelby, in this county, early in the year 
1856, and with him the deceased lived until 1864. when he was appointed teacher in one 
of the townshi[) schools. He studied medicine in the State University, winning a grad- 
uate's certificate to the scientific course so early as 1873, and a diploma in 1878. From 
1878 to 1878 he devoted his time to school teaching and study. In September. 1878, he 
established an office at Mount Clemens and married December 28, 1875. 

The body of Mr. Snook was found June 2, 1881, and, a few hours later, on the same 
dav, that of Charles H. Wood was discovered. The remains of Dr. Decker were found 
May 30, 1881. 

INDUSTRIES. 

The first and perhaps the most important industry of the city is that which centers 
round the old salt wells. Here, in the early days of the county, were the old glass works: 
still later, the oil refinery of Call & Culver, and again, the salt factory. The first well was 
bored by Charles Stefifens, now of Fraser, and a second boring efi'ected by Parke, now re- 
siding at Saginaw. The well project was undertaken in 1862, with the hope of striking 
oil ; but the attempt proved unsuccessful in that direction, although the salt brine which it was 
found to yield would undoubtedly, if treated economically, reward the enterprise of the 
owners. 

A manufactmnng association was formed at Mount Clemens January 31, 1865, for 
the purpose of carrying on an J conducting the manufacture of salt under the style, " The 
Mount Clemens Halt Company." The charter of the association pointed out the extension 
of its term to March 1. 1890, and the amount of capital stock $10,000 in 400 shares of $25 
each. The stockholders were Thomas W. Snook, Thomas L. Sackett, Joshua B. Dicken- 
son, Charles Moser, Bruno Van Landingham, Orsin W. De Lano, twenty shares each; 
Manuel Hymen, P. H. Stuart, August Czizik, ten shares each; Henry Connor and Jacob 
Roskopp, eight shares each ; Theodore Traver, Geo. B. Van Eps. seven shares; John E. Van E]is, 
six shares; Jas. B. Eldredge, S! S. Ciale. five shares each; Dennis McCafiferty, Anthony Beyne. 
William Jones, Andrew Greiner, Henry Taylor, Aug. Dahm, T. M. Crocker, Varnum Lufkin, 
Joseph Hubbard, Joseph Knall, George Murdook, George Weitz, Benjamin Robinson, Chas. 
Winegar, Charles Ulrieh, William Flummer, William Miller, Thomas Puicher, Auglot 
Tuscaney, Adam Godice, Anthony Dahm, F. Miller, Justus R. Crandall, Clement Borden, 
Joseph Lusk. John Otto, Henry Fries, E. (J. Gallop. William Jenny, Judson S. Fan-ar. 
Sam Wood, four shares each; Mrs. James Williams, C. W. Robinson, three shares each; 



^ 



T 



HISTORY OF MAOOMI? COUNTY. 



John Egloff. E. B. Drake. Edgar Weeks. John Tucker. William J. Can field, James F. 
Brennan. Edwin R. Beutley. Wesley Lewis, James A. Cantield, Harlehigh Carter. Darius 
G. Williams, Catherine Stephens, William Hart, Elijah Robinson, Francis X. Pheuenf, G. 
G. Albaut. Lewis Arnill, Richard Johnson. Thomas Oliver. Elisha West, T. Gilbert, M. 
Peltier. A. Heuguenett. Jr.. Sam Donaldson, A. AVise, Julius Mandell. two shares each; 
I. O. Ferris, S. White. H. C. White, F. Lufkin. W. C. Tanner. L. N. Phelps, one share 
each. 

The manufactiu-e of salt was carried on for about five years, though at a disadvan- 
tage. The large proportion of foreign minerals existing in the water, as well as the ques- 
tion of fuel, presented serious obstacles to a successful competition with other mannfactiu'- 
ing points. The method pursued seems to have been very wasteful, as a large quantity of 
salt was thrown away with the mother liquor, here termed bitter water, for want of the 
proper knowledge to aid in its recovery. The discovery of the medicinal properties of the 
water was brought about under the following circumstances: 

A Frenchman living on East street foundered his horse so badly that he turned him 
out. The horse took shelter from the sim under the north si le of the tank. Here his 
daily stamping soon resulted in the formation of a foot bath, as the water drippings from 
the tank filled the hole thus formeJ. The horse was soon cured, which proved the first 
discovery of the medicinal properties of the water. At this time, Dorr Kellogg was man- 
ager and stockholder of the floiiring-mill on the river bank, corner of Market and Front 
streets. He was afflicted with salt rheum and skin eruptions. It occurred to him from 
his esperieuce with the effects of salt air and water on ocean voyages that the water would 
be beneficial in his case. He used the water, October. 1870. in a pail; afterward, in the 
vat itself, and, obtaining much relief, finally Bad a bath-tub constructed on the grounds 
and contimied the treatment until entirely cured. Mr. Kellogg is still living at Mount 
Clemens. Another gentleman, a Mr. Tremble, also a resident, obtained like results. 
About two years afterward, a bath-house was erected, various citizens contributing money 
toward the enterprise — in all about $l,f)()0 or .$1,800. Dr. H. Taylor & Son commenced it 
with a few tubs. 

The bath-house passed through various hands, among whom were Messrs. Thui'ber & 
Carl and North & Johnson, continually gi'owing in favor and importance. The present 
owners of the well are Seth D. North, of Hancock, Mich., and Charles B. Johnson, of 
Brooklyn, N. Y. The lessees are the Mount Clemens Mineral Spring Company, Limited, 
who leased the concern for a term of thirty years, fi-oui July 1, 1880. The managers are 
Morris Richter. Charles Avery, James F. Avery and A\'illiam L. Avery, with the chemist. 
Prof. Hem-y F. Meir. 

The experience gained in the use of the water during the past ten years has been 
sufficient to indicate the precise classes of diseases to which it is adapted and to bring 
thousands of invalids yearly to be cured. The well from which the water is obtained 
has a dejjth of 1,380 feet, with a capacity of 1,000 barrels per day, the water rising to a 
level of fifteen feet below the surface. From the well the water is pumped into large 
covered wooden tanks, elevated seventeen feet above the ground, from which tanks it is 
conveyed to the bath-house in pijjes laid on the ground. No precautions are needed to 
protect it in winter, as the water reejuires a lower temperatiu-e than is met with here to 
cause freezing. Before describing its uses as a curative agent, it may be well to consider 
its jihysieal and chemical properties and composition. 

When issuing from the pump, a sample of the water appears slightly colored, which 
is principally due to .sulphui'et of iron in fine suspension or quasi solution. After a time, 
this subsides, leaving the water colorless. Its taste is brackish and bitter, with a liberal 
fiavor of sulphm-etecl hydrogen. Its temperature averages about 59° F., being at present 



4 



'^ 



HI.>5T0RY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



writing, March 3, 1882, 56|' F. It has a specific gravity of l.llG, which indicates 
the presence of about 10 per cent of mineral ingredients. When exposed at ordinary 
temperatures, the greater portion refuses to diy, only a small part crystallizing out. 
Its boiling point is 216 ' F. A decided smell of sulphui'eted hydrogen pervades the at- 
mosphere in the vicinity of the well and tanks, which varies in intensity with the weather. 
It has also been noted that atmospheric conditions influence the amount of suspended mat- 
ter (black iron sulphide) contained in the water, to such an extent that observers claim 
the ability to foretell a storm by the appearance of the water. Tlie atmosphere in the 
vicinity of the well does not appear to be deleterious to healthy persons, as the gas exists in 
a much dil^^ted condition, though sulphm-eted hydrogen, when inhaled in large quantities, 
produces fatal results. One such case occiu-red here diu'ing the cleaning of the tanks. 
Two workmen had entered, and, neglecting proper ventilation, one was brought out a 
corpse and his companion almost inanimate. The composition of the water, as ascertained 
by Prof. Duffield, is given in the geological chapter of the general history. 

Keeeut investigations have also shown the presence of iodine (in combination) and 
traces of ammoniiun and potassium salts. An examination of the blackish sediment ob- 
tained from the water showed it to consist of sulphiu'ets of iron and copper, the latter in 
small quantity. A new analysis is promised shortly, which may discover traces of still 
other elements present. A contirmatiou of the presence of iodine is the fact that sensi- 
tive jiatients are able, after a bath, to recognize the peculiar metallic taste jwoduced by 
iodides, showing that a definite number of the ingredients are absorbed. This water cor- 
rodes most of the metals and blackens silver, copper and iron, forming on them a sulphu 
reted siu'faee. Silver coins and watches QU'ried in the pockets of patients bathing in or 
drinking the water are discolored. The hair and nails ai'e sensibly darkened after bathing 
or washing in the water, while the skin and hair of patients retains for a time a slight but 
perceptible smell of the water. A property of the water which deserves mention is that 
it renders wood uninflammable. White lead jaaint is discolored by the atmosphere of the 
well and bath-rooms. At the latter place, where the atmosphere is saturated with steam, 
a disagreeable effect of the gases is experienced by the attendants, who are frequently 
afflicted with soreness of the eyes. This effect is probably due, not so much from the 
sitlphureted hydrogen as to a product of its oxidation (sulphui'ous acid gas), which has 
irritating j)roperties. In fact, the odor at the bath-rooms differs perceptibly fi'om that at 
the well, and a practiced nose can readily detect the presence of the latter gas. 

The water has still other properties which render it valuable for special purposes, 
such as a disinfectant. It exercises a most beneficial influence upon various diseases, 
effecting a pei-manent ctu-e in many instances where all other known remedies failed. 

The bath-house is connected with the Avery House by a heated hallway, and is 
equipped with all needed arrangements for the comfort of patients. 

At present, fifty-four tubs are in use, with the business increasing at such a rate that 
fiu'ther enlargements ai'e contemplated. Recently, a company has been formed for the 
manufacture of medicinal products from the water, under the style of ■' The Mount Clem- 
ens Sulpho-Mineral Salt Compan}' Limited,'' which is already doing an extensive business. 
The members of the company are Henry F. Meier, Charles Avery, Lyman B. Avery and 
Lizzie A. Avery. Their manufactures consist of Sulpho-mineral soap for the treatment of 
skin diseases; bath salts, for reproducing th*^ water for bathing purposes; an effervescing 
water, termed Sprudel water, and a catarrh cure, for the treatment of which affection the 
water has long been held in esteem. 

HOTELS. 

Early in the winter of 1879-80, there came to this place from New York a retired 
legal gentleman bv the name of Judge Averv. He came here to take baths for rheuma- 



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t 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY 



tism. and was immensely benefited. Necessarily, he was deeply impressed with the great 
medicinal (qualities of the water. He took a comprehensive view of the business, saw that 
an almost unlimited development was possible here, and came to the conclusion that a big 
hotel, beautiful grounds and a large bath-house would be paying things to invest in. 
Senator North, from Hancock, and C!. B. -Johnson, from New York, members of the spring 
company, came to attend the annual meeting a short time later, and the matter came up 
between the parties. Negotiations were begun looking to the objects above named. Judge 
Avery and his partners secured the whole block on East street, where the Mineral Springs 
Hotel now is, and the corresponding block on the river. This large lot of land was im- 
[)roved and devoted wholly to bath-house and hotel piu'poses. 

The hotel structure is of magnificent proportions, and without doubt by far the larg- 
est of its kind in Michigan. It fronts on each side of the large block, three stories high, 
with a mansard roof, equivalent to a fourth story; length, 2.S6 feet; width, I2S feet. 
There are SS;") rooms, and accommodations for fully 500 guests. A spacious double veranda 
surrounds the building. It is substantially and carefully built, and every care is taken 
as to architectural beauty. 

The hotel was built in sections, and the tii'st of these, containing 100 rooms, was ■ 
ready for opening June 1, 1880. The south wing of the building was opened in Febru- 
ary,' 1881. 

The late pro})rietor of the Avery House was Morris Richter. Seymour Smith, favorably 
known in connection with the hotel circles of the State, was manager. The hotel is tele- 
phonically connected with Detroit. The Avery House passed into the control of Mr. P. B. 
Bradt April 1, 1882. For many years this gentleman was a well-lcnown landlord in Syra- 
cuse, N. Y., having kept the Exchange, Globe and other hotels iu that vicinity. Although 
a Syraeusan, Mr. Bradt is well known at Detroit, where he lived for several years. He is 
a quiet, genial gentleman, a thorough hotel man, and the Avery House already begins to 
feel the effect of new management. Mr. Bradt has taken the precaution to surround him- 
self with able assistants, and the management of the otfice is entirely in the hands of Mr. 
Jerome Haight, late of the Vanderbilt House, Syraciise. Mr Haight seems to have been 
born to his calling, and has the happj'' faculty of making guests understand that it is a 
pleasure to attend to their wants. He is, moreover, a thorough disciplinarian, a great 
requisite in the manager of a hu'ge hotel like the Avery. The steward under the new 
management is Mr. H. R. Johnson, late proprietor of the Crawford House, in Windsor. 
Mr. Johnson has been a practical hotel man nearly a (juarter of a century. 

Cfnt.ral Park Ilotrl. — This house was erected in 1879 by Louis Shoman, who leased 
it to the present proprietor, August Rose'iburg. in 1881. It is located on the old William 
Cantield lot, contains twenty-eight well-furnished rooms, together with the accommoda- 
tion which two large residences adjacent, belonging to the hotel, can offer. The Central 
is near the mineral springs and steamboat landing, is said to be a most comfortable 
house, well conducted, and a favorite with all who have made a stay there. Mr. Rosen- 
burw, the proprietor, was born in Germany, came to Detroit in 1870. visited Texas in 
1878. and located at Mount Clemens in 1881. 

Clifton House. — The Clifton House was erected in 1875 by John E. Brehler. who oc- 
cupied it as a I'esidence until 1878. Additions were made in that year, when it was con- 
verted into a hotel by North & Elliott. John E. Brehler operated the house from the 
fall of 1S7U to May, 1880, when J. C. Elliott became lessee. In May, 1881, B. R. 
Jackson assumed control, and operated the hotel until the advent of the present proprie- 
tor, J. J. Strong, March 1 , 1882. The house is centrally located, standing on ornamental 
ground, solid brick structure and one of the best managed hostelries in the State, The 
proprietor, Mr. Strong, is a n;itive of Canton, 111. ; was a resident of Chicago for seven 



fc 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



years and fully conversant with tho management of a first-class hotel. Under him the 
Clifton was re-opened, March 7, 1882. 

Sherman Houfte. — This important hotel was erected in the summer of 18fi5 by Henry 
Conner, and opened to the public in August, 1866. The house is 100x54 feet, three-story 
brick structure, containing forty-three rooms, together with jjarlors, etc. : is specially ar- 
ranged for the purposes o" a first-class hotel, is well conducted and Mnquestionably the 
only important commercial house between Detroit and Romeo. Mr. Connor, the proprie- 
tor, has been in the hotel business for the last thirty-five years; is an old resident of 
Mount Clemens and one of her most enterprising citizens. 

Shnckleton House. — This hotel was built in the s .mmor of 18S1, one block east of 
bath-house, by Thomas Shackleton. It is the only 'temperance hotel " in the city, and 
gives promise of being conducted on the temperance plan so long as its builder lives. 
The hotel is now operated by John W. Cleveland, proprietor. 

RELIGIOUS HISTORY. 

The Catholic Church. -Reference has been hitherto made to the first Catholic mis- 
sionaries who visited Michigan previous to 1776. The Ijidl of Pope Clement, dated Jan- 
uary 21, 1776, suppressed the order of St. Ignatius of Loyola, and deprived Michigan of 
the services of its faithful, wise and intrepid members. Subsequently, the whole territory 
was placed in charge of one priest — the Transigrant Pere RecoUet, who acted as a priest 
of the Bishopric of Quebec, founded in 1660. The teachings of Christianity within the 
district now known as Macomb County may be said to be introduced liy this remarkable 
and pious man in 1776. although many missionary priests visited the Hurons here pre- 
viously. Father Recollet was a regular visitant to the county >ip to 171*3. Revs. Marin, 
Louis Lefranc and Pierre du Jaimay were known to the whites and Indians of the Upper 
Hni'on in 1764; liut their stay in the district was of very short duration, as they left for 
Mackinaw in 1 71'),"). 

In 179U, Rev. Gabriel Richard, refen-ed to in one of the first chajiters of the county 
history, came to the Territory, and among the first missions which he established was one 
within the i)i'esent limits of Macomb, at L'Anse Creuse. A small wood chapel was erected 
there, five miles from Mount Clemens. There that venerable jiioneer was accustomed to 
meet his congregation. On one occasion, struck with the negligence and spiritual cold- 
ness of his people, he warned them to reform, or otherwise the very church in which they 
worshiped would be swept away by the waters, and the very land on which it stood hid- 
den from their sight. This prophecy of Michigan's old Congressional Delegate .vas lit- 
erally fulfilled. After Pere Richard came the Rev. Vincent Baden, and, succeeding 
him, came lather Boheim. Some time about the period of the organization of the county, 
a chapel was built on the Clinton, three miles east of Mount Clemens, which was attended 
regularly by Rev. Dejean. Subsequently, Chi-istian Clemens granted a lot to every re- 
ligious denomination for the purpose of erecting a church thereon, and thither the little 
church of the Clinton was moved. At this time, there were al)out fifty Catholic families 
in the neighborhood. Rev. Father Kenny, the first resident priest of this city, came in 
1843. The Abbe Maret came in 1845. During his administration, the fi-ont part of the 
ehiu'ch was built, and the old chapel converted into a pastoral resideuce. Revs. Lawi-ence 
Kilroyaud Father Kendekins attended the mission until 184<), when Rev. H. Van Renther- 
ghem was appointed resident priest. He was a Belgian, ordained March 15, 1845. by 
Bishop Lefevre. He officiated one year at Mackinaw, after which he came to Mount 
Clemens and was pastor of the churches of L" Anse Creuse, Utica, Erin, New Baltimore and 
Mount Clemens for some years. Under him an addition to the chiu-ch building was com- 
pleted and a small schoolhouse built. This priest died in November, 1869. Dm-ing the 



•|V" 



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l^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



closing years of Father Van Eentherghem" s life, he was assisted by Rev. C. Maes, a 
student of the American College at Louvain. The latter was appointed pastor in 1869, 
and under him St. Mary"s schoolhoiise was built, which is now iu charge of three sisters 
of the Monroe Convent. Rev. C. Ryckaert, ordained at Cihent, Belgium, in 1S47, was ap- 
pointed pastor in 1871, vice Rev. Maes, removed to Monroe. Mich. Father Ryckaert 
erected a pai'ochial residence in 1875. Early in 1882, he entered upon the work of pre- 
pai-ing to build a new church at an estimated cost of $20,000. Among the principal con- 
tril)utors to the building fund are Bruno Van Landegham, Oliver Chapaton, Antoine De 
Hate. John Roskopp, Andrew Greiner, Mrs. C. Letourneau, Michael Benbennock, Louis 
Charbonneau, John Irwin, Patrick Quinn and Andrew Quiun. Rev. Father Ryckaert gives 
14,000 on condition that the people subscribe the remaining $16.(t00. The plans for the 
building are not yet perfected, but. from what can be learned of them, the building will 
be Gothic with central tower and spire, flanking turrets, chapel and vestries. The 
architect in charge is Mr. Wood, of Detroit. It will be the finest edifice of its 
size and cost in the State, and will be the first architectural ornament of Mount Clemens. 
The plans, prepared by Scott & Co., Detroit, show a beautiful structure of brick and 
stone, highly ornamented, and built iu a most substantial fashion. The extreme measure- 
ments of the building are 60x158, affording a seating capacity for between 800 and 900 
pHople. The auditorium is fifty-six feet wide and ninety- six feet long fi-om vestibule to 
sanctuary, sacristies, etc. The gallery is above the vestibule, which has dimensions of 
8x56. Back of the main building is a chapel 16x44. A beautiful tower rises from the 
front center of the chm-ch to the lofty height of 184 feet. It is built of brick and stone 
half its height, the remainder wood. The building will be heated by furnaces in the 
basement. It will be lighted with stained glass windows and the interior will be marked 
by rich and elaborate adornment. 

Methodist Episcopal Church. — This church may be said to havt- been organized at 
Mount Cleniens in 1820, when Rev. John P. Kent preached to the Methodists in a house 
at Frederick, two miles west of the present Methodist Episcopal Chm-ch building. Piatt 
B. Morey came in 1822. but, dying within nine days after his arrival, his place was sup- 
plited by Samuel Barker and Alfred Briinson. Since that time, the following-named gentle- 
men have served the Methodist Episcopal Church at Mount Clemens; Elias Pettit. 
and B. O. Plymton, in 1823; Pettit and J, C. Hunter, in 1824; John A. Baugh- 
man and Solomon Manier, 1825; John Jones, 1826; Jones and "William Revnolds. 182/; 
W. T. Snow, 1828; Arzo Brown. 1829: Brown and William Sprague, 1830.' From 1830 
to 1835, the pulpit was supplied by a number of visiting preachers. In 1836, AVilliam 
Herr was Presiding Elder, and Hiram trearing, preacher; A. B. Elliott, in 1837; Richard 
Lawi-ence in 1838; Jonathan Hudson and D. McCrregor, 1839; Josiah Drakeman. 1840; 
J, Blanchai-d and George F. Hemingbay, 1841 ; Elijah PiJeher, William C. Comfort and 
H. Hall. 1N42; John Gray and Joseph Jennings. 1843: F. B. Bangs and F. W. Warren, 
1844; S. D. Price and H. N. Brown, 1845; Hudson and E. W. Borden, 1846; John Rus- 
sell, 1847-48; Seth Reed, 1849; W. Worthington. 1850; D. C. Jacokes, 1851-52; H. 
Morgan. 1853; E. House and J. C. Wortlev. 1854; Wortley and R. Ward, 1855; J. A. 
Baughman. 1856; AdamMinnis, 1857-58; D.B. Tracev, 1859; A. Allen. 1810; Wm. Taylor, 
1861 ; Wm. Havener, 1802-64 ; F. M. May, 1865-67 ; Isaac Crawford, 1868 ; B. S. Taylor. 1 869- 
72; J. T. Haukinson, 1872-73; Charles Simpson, 1873-76; Calvin Gibbs, 1876-(7; B, S. 
Taylor, 1877-79; I. F. Berry, 1879-80; J. M. Gordon, 1881-82. The number of com- 
municants belonging to this church is 129. The true organization of the Methodist 
Episcopal Chiu'ch society was perfected October 27, 1836, with J. F. Seaman. J. Tuex- 
buiy, J. E. Hall, D. T. Bishop and H.Pratt, first officers. A church Iniilding was erected 
in 1841, which is to give way to the new house of worship now being built. The Sabbath 



i' 



7f^ 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



school in connection with the chiu'cb is in a floiu'ishing condition. The new Methodist 
Church will be one of the handsomest buildings in Monnt Clemens. It is to built after 
plans fiu'nished by ai'chitects connected with the Church Extension Society, and will be 
distinguished by an unique design and great convenience of arrangement. The structure 
will face Shelby street, and will have dimensions as follows: Over all, 44x102; audi- 
torium, 44x80: vestibule, lSs24; height of ceiling, 28 feet: height of tower. UO feet. In- 
gi-ess will be had from Fraser street, into an open porch, thence into the ve-stibule. 
Above the latter will be the gallery, to be so arranged that it can be shut off by window 
paneling from the body of the church, ant. thus used, whenever desired, for a class- 
room, or for other circumscribed purposes. The building will have a double roof and 
stained glass windows throughout. The auditorium will have a seating capacity of 400, 
the gallery, SO; the choir will occupy a raised platform back of the pulpit. 

First Presbyterian Church. — This church was formally organized May 4. 1885. un- 
der Rev. M. Eastman. From that period up to 1841, services were held in the old log 
coiu't house or other church buildings. In 1841, a commodious building was erected 
which served as a house of worship until 1844, when the chiu'ch divided, and. the mi- 
nority forming a congregational society, built the church in which the Presbyterians now 
worship, corner of Walnut and New streets. Rev. A. S. Wells was then delegated as 
pastor. The pulpit was vacant for some months previous to the coming of Rev. Thomas 
Foster, in 1845; he served as stated supply until 1849. Under Mr. Foster, the Con- 
gregationalists and Presbyterians united and ageed to wor.ship together in the Congrega- 
tional, now the Presbyterian, house, which agreement is still observed. Rev. George 
Newcomb suceeeded Mi'. Foster, anl continued pastor until the coming of Rev. H. N. 
Bissell, in 1854. Mr. Bissell served the church here for a jieriod bordering on a quarter 
century; is still a resident of the county and one of its most esteemed citizens. Rev. Mr. 
Ellis occupied the jiulpit dimng the last-named pastor's leave of absence, and, when Mi-. 
Bissell resigned, in 1878, was stated supply. Ellis was succeeded by Rev. Mr. Eddy, 
now of St. Clair. Since ilr. Eddy"s time, a number of people have filled the pulpit of 
this chm'ch, until the coming of the present pastor. Rev. Mr. Ireland, in ' September, 
1881. Among the prominent members of the church since its establishment, the names 
of W'illiam Canfield. of Elders Sackett. Snook. Bush, Shear. Drake, G. B. Van Eps. Ram- 
say, Hubbard, of the Donaldson brothers. A. Rowley, E. Teats, Greorge Grovier, Theodore 
Traver may be mentioned. T. W. Snook was Clerk from 1849 until a few years ago. 
The number of members belonging to this society approximates 100 and the congregation 
about 400. 

The Episcopal Church. — The above religious body was first established at Mount 
Clemens in the year 1849. The first services were held in the com't house, under the 
ministrations of the Rev. Edwai'd McGee, who held the charge until 1851. From this 
time, the interest in the chiu'ch was allowed to slumber, but not to die. for, in 1867, we 
find it again revived. The Rev. Milton Ward, from Detroit, held irregular services. He 
was succeeded by Rev. Mr. Hyde, who was the lu'st resident minister since Mr. McGee. 
The present commodious and beautiful sacred edifice was erected and dedicated to the 
service of God in the year 1870. Since its erection, the following reverend gentlemen 
have officiated: Woodward. Martin. Skinner, and Rev. Mr. Rafter, the latter being the 
jaresent incumbent. The present officers are: Wardens. Daniel C. Tilden. Dr. W. C. 
Tenuant; ^'estrymen. Thomas M. Crocker. George R. Law and John Trufant. The con- 
gi'egation now numbers 210. and is. in every respect, nourishing and prosperous. 

The Baptist Church. — The Baptist (Jhm'ch was organized on the 17th of October, 
1834, with a total enrollment of thirteen members. The pastor who was first regularly 
ordained to officiate was the Rev. John Booth. The services for several years were held in 

^^' \ _ i C -» 

^ s r- — < $> 1^ 






the old court house. As the demands of the congregation increased rapidly, it was deemed 
expedient to build a church, and the present edifice was erected in the year 1843. The 
fu-st pastor who ministered in the new edifice was the Rev. Mr. Fult(in. The present offi- 
cers ai'e: Rev. William A. Kingsbmy, Pastor; George Wood and Harry Briggs, Deacons; 
Thomas Gilbert, Clerk. There is a jirosperous Sabbath school connecttjd with the church, 
with Samuel Wood, Superintendent. The total enrollment of scholars at the end of the 
year 1874 was fifty. The congregation of the church now numbers about 300 souls. The 
first baptism in the Baptist Church was that of Martha Haines, now known as the Widow 
Stewai't, residing near Prattsbm-g, N. Y. This lady donated 1500 toward the erection of 
a parsonage as a memorial of her attachment to the First Bajitist Church of Mt. Clemens. 

(ierman Evangelical Church. —In the year 1S47. the members of about twenty Ger- 
man families, then settled at Mount Clemens and neighborhood, assembled at Mount 
Clemens to hear the services of the German Evangelical Chui'ch in their own language. 
The first religious meetings were held in the court house, or in the homes of the mem- 
bers, until May 4, LSB'i, when they pm'chased the old training barracks, formerly used by 
the Methodist Episcoi)al Church society, erected in 1835 for school purposes. The base 
ment was fitted up as a residence for the pastor. This building was used as a house of 
worship until the dedication of the present German Church building, December 19, 1880. 
In 1870, a parsonage was built. The Sabbath school was inaugurated in 1870, and the 
same year the denominational school was opened. 

Among the traveling and permanent pastors of the church since 1847 were Rev. L. 
Hartmann, 1847; Winkler, 1849; Krause, 1850; Grebner, 1858-55; Krauschert, 1856; Her- 
man, 1859. Rev. H. Hoff, the first permanent pastor, came in 1859; Rev. J. Keis, 18fi2- 
64, and Rev. Hermann Gundert, April 24. 1864. who is the present pastor. The salary- 
paid Rev. H. Hoif was $250 per annum; that now paid is $600, together with house, fuel 
and fees. In January, 1880, the subject of building a new church was discussed. Be- 
fore the close of the year, a modern Gothic structm-e, 42x82, with tower eighty-two feet 
high, was completed at a cost of $9,000. The building was designed by Henry Shefierly. 
of Mount Clemens, and liuilt from his plans by Minard Barr. The officers of the society 
in 1880 were: Charles Ulrich, President; William Flummer. Secretary; Jacob Wolf, Treas- 
urer; J. Bannow, William Conlon, G. Baenke, Ernest Okie, A. Schrade. William Mar- 
quardt and Paul Ullrich. Trustees. The membership is about 114. The Sabbath school 
numbers 120. 



SCHOOLS OF MT. CLEMENS. 
BV I'KdF. .SKARS. 



This history is most resjjectfully dedicated to the ••interviewed." who, with long 
suffering patience, have been plied with the numerous questions of the historian; and 
who have "racked their brains'" to call up the information which has made the history 
possible: Mr. and Mrs. E. J. Tucker, Richard Butler, J. B Eldredge. J. S. Farrar, Mrs. Cuf- 
ver and Miss Tucker, Maj. William Jenney, W. J. Daley, Mr. and Mrs. William Campbell, 
Dr. and Mrs. Taylor, Robert Shook, G. W. Robertson," H, W. Babcock, Mr. and Mi-s. N. 
L. Miller, William Rutter, Jlrs. Dr. Babcock, Mrs. P. M. Pratt. Mr. and Mi-s. T. W. 
Snook, George and Ed Grovler, Mr. and Mrs. H. H. Cady, J. W. Shook, Rev. and Mrs. 
Thomas Forster, Miss Zemira Hall, W. S. and A. T. Donaldson, Mr. and Mrs. James 
Williams, Miss Dr. <^\j-nold. Mi-s. J. C. High. Mrs. Potter, Mi-s. Harriet Eastman. Fred G. 
Kondrick. Mr. and Mrs. James Cantiehl, Miss Ella Lee, Mrs. Hubbard. S. S. Gale. Edgar 
Weeks, G. B. Van Eps, A. L. Cantield, Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Van Eps. Mrs. E. C. Gallup. 
Mr. and Mrs. O. Chapaton. Charles Williams. William Longstafl'. Mr. and Mrs. T. M. 
Crocker, Mrs. James Snook. Rev. Father Ryckaert, Rev. H. Gundert. 



»'!r 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Before entering upon the history proper of the Mount Clemens schools, it may be 
well to state for the understanding of the reader some of the difficulties under which the 
historian has labored. When I was asked to prepare the history, I readily acceded to 
the request, .supposing that all the information I should desire might be obtained by sim- 
ply consulting the early records. My surprise was consequently great, when, upon in- 
vestigation, I discovered that not a single line of the records of the school districts of 
Mount Clemens could be found. It is a question in my mind whether the officers of those 
early schools left any permanent records. Had they done so, it is probable that the rec- 
ords would have been turned over to the present imion school district at its organization. 
As a consequence, not a word of record can be found antedating the organization of the 
union school in 1857. Upon learning of this state of things, the historian had about decided 
to write only a brief history of the present schools, but, after further consideration, he con- 
cluded to tap the memories of old residents of the place and ascertain what facts could 
be produced. The dedication of this history will show to whom I am indebted for the 
facts and figures here contained. 

The plan of procedure has been substantially as follows: After learning all the opin- 
ions, probable and improbable, of those interviewed, if any discrepancies have been ob- 
served. I have weighed the testimony according to my best judgment and woven what 
seemed to be the facts into the present nan-ative. No doubt there are those who will dis- 
pute some of the data, and possibly the occuri-ence of some of the events; but if I have 
succeeded in getting things doubtful within reasonable bounds of aecui'acy and time of 
events, I shall feel that my labors have not been wholly improfitable. I have endeavored 
to make this history an impartial story of all the past and present, ]iublic, private and 
denominational schools of this town. Should any who may read these pages be able to 
positively assert that any fact has been erroneously stated, or should any event of interest 
not herein stated be recalled by any person, I shall be only too glad to make such altera- 
tions or additions as can be positively affirmed. 

Schoolhouses were a luxury unknovni in the school history of Mount Clemens pre- 
vious to about 1838 or 1835. All schools previous to that time were taught in private 
buildings fitted up temporarily for school piu'poses, and also in the old log court house-- 
the first court house and jail, combined, that Macomb County ever called her own. It 
was built upon the site of the present Macomb County Court House, the fu-st tloor being 
used for jail purposes and the second floor served the triple purpose of court room, school 
room and church. It was built in 1819 and biu^ned in 1839, being set on fii'e by one of 
the prisoners. 

The lu-st school taught in Mount Clemens was held in a building then standing on 
the west side of Front street, about opposite M. Peltier's blacksmith-shop. The teacher, 
also singing-master, was Mr. Prescott. He taught in 1818 or 1819. The school was of 
short dm-ation, he having only three pupils, one of them being Mrs. Gallup, now living 
on North Gratiot street, and, as a conseqiience, he became disgusted with the prospective 
literary attainments of Mount Clemens and left in "high dudgeon." In 18'2(>, Samuel B. 
Beach — a poet — afterward a lawyer, taught in the log com't house. He had a large school 
for that early day and was a- successful teacher. 

Soon after this time — probably about 1821 — a girl by the name of McCall taught in 
the court house. James C. Edgerly was teacher in 1S22 or 1823 in the coiu't house. 

Richard Butler, whose name appears in the history of the schools in the '"Tucker 
Settlement,'" came to this part of the counti-y in 1823. He first taught in a building 
standing near where Mrs. Czizek's house now is, on Court street. In 1824, the spring of 
the year, he taught in a school building that was called the "old potter^'." The building 
stood on the present Opera House site. The first floor of the building was used for mak- 



X. 



J> 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



iiig a coarse kind of earthenware: the second floor was used for school purposes. Mr. 
Butler afterward taught in the Detroit schools a number of years. Linus Moore taught 
a school in 18"24. in the court house. In 182(j. the Cooley Building, a hewed-log affair, 
was standing on Front street. Just south of Mr. Heine's present stores. For a number of 
years, one of the rooms in that building was used for a school room. In 1820, a Mr. 
Hamlin taught there. After completing his school, he returned to Warsaw, N. Y. 

Mr. Warner, quite an old gentleman at that time, taught in the coiu't house in 1827 or 
1828. He had a large school —twenty-five or thirty pupils. He taiight several "quai'ters" 
of twelve weeks each. He was a man especially fond of mushrooms, and his gathering 
and taking them to his boai'ding places — of course he "boarded around" — to be cooked, 
used to be a caiise of much wonderment among the children. In the summer season, for 
(pite a number of years, probably about 1828 to 1835, Miss Lucy Mather taught school 
in the building on Front street, opposite M. Peltier's blacksmith shop, where Mr, Pres- 
cott, the first Mt. Clemens teacher, taught. James Crouk taught in the court house about 
1830. Mr. Richardson probably taught in the same place about 1830 or 1831. 

From 1830 to 1840, the interest of the jieople in schools seemed to materially in- 
crease. It was during this period that the foundation of the present school system was 
laid, and the schools became, to a certain extent, public. Those who peruse this history 
cannot but observe the multiplicity of places where, at some time or another, schools have 
been taught. By careful computation, it has been ascertained that no less than fifty 
places are mentioned in this history, wherein schools have been held in this town. Cer- 
tainly we ought to be a most intellectual people, using this fact as a basis for our judg- 
ment. The old log court house was still the most prominent of school buildings. The 
names of the teachers, so far as could be ascertained, who taught there from 1830 to 1840, 
are the following: Miss Parker, in about 1833; Mrs. Joel Tucker, in 1833 and 1834; 
Daniel Daniels, in 1834 and 1835; Dr. Campbell, in 1835; Miss Zemira Hall, in the 
summers of 1830 and 1838; Dr. Philo Tillson, in the winters of 1837 and 1838, and 1838 
and 18311; Miss Dana, in 1839. Miss Parker was a most genteel lady, and afterward 
married a Presbyterian clergyman by the name of A\'hite. Joel Tucker removed here from 
Pennsylvania. He was a merchant, doing business on Front street, near the site of Mil- 
ler's Brewery, Mrs. Joel Tucker teaching in the meantime. Mr. Tucker and Mr. Daniels 
afterward removed to Algonac, where they engaged in the lumber and milling business. 

The historian is especially indebted to Miss Zemira Hall and Mrs. Thomas Foster for 
accurate information of the schools of this period. Philo Tillson is at present a resident 
of Romeo. Miss Zemira Hall had about thirty-five puj)ils belonging to her school. The 
tuition charged was $2 per pupil for a quarter of twelve weeks. In 1832, Richardson 
taught in the Cooley building, on Front street. This school was a spring and summer 
term. Mi-s. John Gilbert had a private school in the Gilbert House, on New street, in 
1835 and 1830, the building in which she taught standing on the site of the present Pin- 
gree property. Her school numbered about twenty or twenty-five pupils. She probably 
taught in that place for a number of years — from 1835 to 1838 or 1839. Miss Adeline 
Rutter, now Mi-s. John James, of Detroit, taught a school in 1837 or 1838. in a liuilding 
then standing on Market street, near the site of Heine's tailor-shop. 

The Brown building, on the present site of Jacob Shock's store and John Roskojip's 
meat market, was another school location. A room in this building on the second floor 
was fitted up for school and church pui'poses. Norton tau_^ht a small select school in this 
place in 1837 and 1838. He was a good teacher, and afterward probably kept a school 
on Fi-ont street, about the site of M. Peltier's blacksmith shop. In the winter of 1840-41, 
Mr. Cilley had a school in the Brown building. 

From about 1838 to 1840 or 1841, there was a school in Marcellus, South Gratiot 

<^l® r~ — ^ i> "V 

T ^ 




street, presided over by Oran Freeman and Robert Thompson. Others taught in the same 
place, but the names of the teachers are not to be ascertained. Miss Delia Smith, after- 
ward Mrs. Dr. Babeock, taught a school in the Fiero House, on Front street, in the 
winter of 1889-40. She taught a twelve weeks' term, enrolling forty-six pupils, averag- 
ing about forty per day. From 1840 to 1843, Miss Mary Bacon taught school in the Gil- 
bert House, on New street, and in the Lee House, on Market street. 

From the records in the office of Register of Deeds, I learn that Christian Clemens, 
in November, 1834, deeded to School District No. 7 the southwest corner lot at the junc- 
tion of New and Cheriy streets. Mr. Pelton's i-esidence now occupies the site. The con- 
sideration was $1, with the proviso that the same be used forever for school purposes. 

The officers of the district at that time (1834) were John Stockton. Joel Tucker and 
R. O. Cooley. I shall call this district Old No. 7, in contradistinction to New No. 7, which 
had an existence afterward. The district jirobably included all the village of Mt. Clem- 
ens, with considerable surrounding country. The schoolhouse' was probably built in 
1834. It was a good school building for those early days. The seats were placed around 
the walls, with desks in front, and another row of seats in front of the desks. As to the 
time this district had an existence, there seems to be some controversy. Mrs. Dr. Bab- 
cock thinks the schoolhouse burned in 1841, and seems positive that she is right, as she 
was teaching there at that time. Others assert quite as positively that the house was not 
burned until 1843. The preponderance of testimony seems to favor the latter opinion. 
The district was probably organized in 1834, and merged into New No. 7 in 1843 or 1844. 

The date of the grant to the district hj Mr. Clemens would seem to fix the first date. 
Some think that the house was not originally intended for school purposes, but had to be 
made over, so to sjseak. for school uses. From what I regard as the most positive author- 
ity, I incline to the belief that the house was built for a school. The fu-st schools laught 
here were of the same character as those previously taught in other places in town. The 
new school law was not enacted until 1837 or 1838, after which time the school became, 
to a certain extent, public. The first teacher was Thomas Richardson. The wages of 
teachers were raised by subscription, all who were interested in maintaining the school 
paying what they thought they were able for the support of the schools. 

The names of the other teachers so far as learned, of old No. 7. were Ii'a Stout, 1834 
or 1835; Miss Prudence Cook, now Mrs. Pratt, in 1835; Mi-s. John Gilbert, in 1835; Cary 
Worden, probably in 1835 and 1836 (one term only); Mr. William Campbell, in the win- 
ter of 1836 — 37. About 1837 or 1838, a gentleman who was nicknamed "Our Oruament." 
The true name could not be remembered. He was lather unpopular, but had been spoken 
of at a prayer meeting as an ornament to the town — hence the cognomen. Jefi'eries in 
1838 or 1839; Jones in the fall of 1839 or winter of 1840; Miss Delia Smith (Mrs. Dr. 
Babeock), in 1841; Miss Elizabeth Sacket (Mrs. William Campbell), in 1841 or 1842, for a 
year or more; Miss Sarah Murray, now Mrs. McDonald, of Detroit, in 1843. It is 
claimed that when Miss Mm-ray was teaching, the schoolhouse burned, being set on tire by 
ashes left in a barrel in the vestibule. Of these teachers named, Mr. and Mrs. Campbell, 
Mrs. Pratt and Mrs. Dr. Babeock live on Shelby street. Mr. Campbell's school numbered 
from 90 to 120. 

Cary Worden was excessively fond of strong drink. It is said that he would so far 
forget his dignity as a teacher as to get gloriously drunk, then go to the schoolhouse and 
there sleep oft" his deljauch — sometimes in school hom's. When he awoke from his di-unk- 
en stupor, almost invai'iably he would beat the fkst pupil he saw for some imaginary 
ofi'ense. The pupils at one time by preconcerted action, gave him a good sound drulibing 
in payment of "old scores." 

At the time the new school law went in force, there was much opposition to it because 






i V 



.^ 



dA 



it was surmised that expenses of maintaining schools would be increased. Under the new 
law. Mr. James Williams was elected Moderator. He did much to assure the people that 
the cost would not be increased, while the gain in superior school facilities would be 
liU'gely augmented. 

Even at what may appear a rather late date (1836 to 1840), the Indians were very 
plentiful in this part of the State. They used to assemble in quite large numbers, build 
their camp-fu-es and execute their war dances on the site of the present Methodist Church. 

Apropos to this subject, an interesting event occurred while William Campbell was 
teaching in No. 7. The boys and girls used to have separate recesses. The boys at their 
recess time were in the habit of going to an old barn situated in the woods, about opposite 
the present residence of A. T. Donaldson, on North Branch street, to play. One day 
while there, William Rutter and Floyd Allen, two school-boys, came unexpected u])on the 
dead Ijody of an Indian covered by hay and straw. Of course, they did uot remain long 
to investigate, but had a sudden call elsewhere. The whole town soon knew of the cir- 
cumstances of the finding, and, upon investigation, it was ascertained that the body was 
one that had been decently interred only a short time before. The Indians were very 
wroth and suspected that Dr. Campbell and Dr. Henry Taylor were instrumental in resur- 
recting the body for purposes of dissection. The suspicion growing, the Indians began 
to mutter threatenings until they became so loud that Dr. Campbell sought safety in a 
foreign locality and Dr. Taylor kept himself secreted for a time until the excitement had 
abated. 

Other versions are given to this Indian story. One is to the effect that the doctors 
named did emj^loy a man to provide them a cadaver for dissection. The wi-ong body was 
obtained and secreted in the barn. The Indian chief was called from Salt Kiver who 
pacified his people, and those who were regarded by the Indians as the sinners. ])urchased 
their pardon with a gallon of "'fire-water." 

^Ir. Jeffreys was a severe disciplinarian. He used to offer jtiayer twice a day. at 
opening and closing of school. During one of the prayers, the hat of one of the pupils, 
Granville Chappell by name, blew out of the window. Granville, not wishing to lose 
his hat, followed through the window. Mr. Jefl'erys sent the guilty youth after some 
switches, which were emjsloyed in teaching Granville proper decoriun diu'ing prayers. 

Mrs. Babcock received as tuition of pupils piu-suing the common English branches, 
gi-ammar, arithmetic, geography, etc., $2 per quarter of twelve we^ks. For primary pu- 
pils, $1.50 per quarter was charged. Mrs. Babcock states that while she was teaching, 
in 1841. the house burned, and she completed the term in a house then standing near the 
present old jail. The house has since burned. Thus endeth the history of old School 
District, No. 7. 

Note. — Previous to thu building of Mount. Clemens cliuiciirs. clninli services were held in some 
of the numerous .sehool-roonis of the town. The Presbyteriiiii- \v.ii^lii|,((l in the log court house. The 
Methodists worshiped in the schoolhouse of old No. 7. The Haiitisis worshiped in an old log building 
situated about on the present site of E. J. Okie's store. The Episcopalians afterward used the log 
court house, and the Presbj'terians went to the "Brown building." 

I shall treat of the history of the schools from 1840 to 1857 as a unit, because diu-ing 
this period several new schools were organized, and afterward (1857) they were all merged 
into the union school. 

The order of discussion will be; 1. Private Schools ; 2, the .Academy : 3. the 
District Schools. 

PRIV.iTE SCHOOLS 1840 TO 1857. 

From ISHil to about 1841, Mrs. John Dudley, wife of the then officiating Presby- 
terian clergyman, taught a young ladies' school, first, in Lawyer O'Flynn's office, situated 



'ix: 



:tbout on the present site of Biewers brewery; second, in a building standing nearly op- 
posite the Sherman House, and third, in the Goldby House, new standing in the rear o( 
the Robinson block. She was assisted by Rev. Mr. Dudley, and it is said they taught a 
most excellent school. 

In 184 1 and 184'2, Miss Frances Lewis (Mrs. Norton L. Miller) and Miss Hall (Mi-s. 
Thomas Forster) together taught a private school in the Lewis House, only recently torn 
dovm to make way for the new Macomb County jail. Just previous to this (1840) Miss 
Hall (Mrs. Forster) had been teaching in the Cady District just north of Mount Clemens. 

In the winter of 1841-42, Miss Zemira Hall (Mrs. Forster's sister, taught a term in 
the Dryer Settlement, in the township of Lenox. The schoolhouse. which was a poor old 
log affair, burned during the term. It must have been about 1840 or 1842 when Simon 
S. Hall taught — probably in the Brown building. 

Miss Delia Grosvenor (afterward Mrs. Goodman and now Mrs. Magee. wife of Rev 
Mr. Magee, an Episcopal clergyman, of Detroit), for a number of years, from 1840 to 1845 
or 1846, taught in various places in town — in the Goldby Hoiase, in the Lewis House, in 
the Lee House, in James Williams' shop (about on the site of Mr. Bentley's jewelry-store), 
in a building about on the site of Mr. T. W. Snook's store, and finally, as Mrs. Goodman, 
she taught in the academy. Her school was chiefly for young ladies. She was regarded 
as a teacher of a high order. 

Miss Eliza Hillis (afterward Mrs. William Jenney), in 1842 to 1844 or 1845, taught 
a private school in her own house just back of Father Ryckaert's residence on Pine street, 
and also in the Lee House. Miss Ada Traver (Mi-s. J. E. Van E])s) taught a private 
school in the Lee House about 1842 or 184:1 Miss Harriet Allen, in 1842 or 1843, taught 
a private school on East street, in the house now occujued by Charles King. In 1842 or 
1843, Miss Dana taught a school in the house now owned and occupied by Mr. Patton on 
Pine street. In 1847. Miss Hannah Brovsoi taught a private school on Fraser street. 
Miss Annette Ward taught a private school in 1847. In the spring of 1850, Miss Gregory 
taught a private school in the Fenton House on Shelby street. The front room on the 
first floor was used as the school-room. 

Either late in the 40's or early in the 50's, Miss Sarah Murray (now Mrs. McDonald) 
taught a private school in a yellow house now standing on the site of Van Eps & Co.'s 
store. Slie also taught in a house on Shelby street near the i)resent residence of Mrs. 
Axtell. About this time Miss Margaret Cook taught a private school on Macomb street. 
Miss Clara Fulton, in about 1849 or 1850. taught a private school in the building which 
stood on the site now occupied by A. Jacobi. The school was held on the second floor. 
At a time not far from this. Miss Vaughan, who had previouslj' taught in the academy, 
taught a private school in the Mershon House, one door north of Mr. DeHate's residence. 
North Gratiot street. In about 1850 or 1851, Miss Mary Power (afterward Mrs. Henry 
Wales, recently deceased), taught in the upper story of Brehler's wagon-shop, on North 
Gratiot street. 

In about 1840, Miss Mary Fiero taught a private school in the old tannery, formerly 
standing on the site of Snook & Robinson's stave-mill. She also taught, about the same 
time, another school in a yellow house formerly standing on the present Avery House site. 

The last of the private 'Schools, previous to 1857, of which I have any record, was 
taught by Miss Dr. Arnold, now of Detroit. Let me introduce to the reader Miss Arnold 
and permit her to speak for herself. Copy of letter received from Miss Ai-nold: 

Detroit, Mrcn., September 9, 1881. 

Prof. 8e.\r.s — Sir : During the spring of 18.57, the union school system of Moimt Clemens was 
adopted, and the three districts made one. The plan met witli much opposition and it was thought 
best to experiment a few months on tlie workings of the system using tlie old buildings before levying 
tax for new buildings? During the three j'ears previous to this I had been teaching a large academic 



^IV 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COrXTY. 



school. The first year in the old academy building, the building being in a rather dilapidated con- 
dition, I rented and fitleil up a private building which stood directly in front of the Presbyterian 
Cliurch. and continued ti-.irhin^ there until the spring of 1857. I then reluctantly yielded to the im- 
porliinities of thesclini.l hoiinl to help start them off under the new organization. I taught in the 
building near Mr. Eldn'ili;i'< iisidence in the rear of the Methodist Church. My brother, S. O. Arnold, 
taught in I hi- lower district and a Mr. Coppernoll in the middle district, where Mr. Bingham had for a 
number of years taught. The older scholars of the town were almost universally my pupils in private 
si-hddl, hi-iice it was thought best by the board to allow those who desired from tlie other districts Xv at- 
tend my schiiol. The result was. I bail on my list over 150 pupils with one assistant. My salary was fol 
per mimth which was thought to lie i:ener,,ii-, A-2S being the highest price paid before this. I taught 
si.x raoMths except two weeks, being nleaMil lur that time, with salaiy paid, to enable me to start for 
Philadelphia in time to enter my first course of medical lectures. 

A part of the questions asked I cannot answer, but you should have no difficulty in securing the 
desired information and probabi}' will not. 

Yours respectfullj-, Licv M. Ahxold. 

ii West Columbia Street. 

The three districts of which Miss Arnold speaks in the above letter will be discussed 
immediately after the history of the academy has been disposed of. 

HISTORY OF THE ACADEMY. 

If your historian were to attempt to write the history of the barbarons tribes of Cen- 
tral Africa, he conldlind but little less authentic record than he has been able to ascertain 
concerning the academy of Mt. Clemens. No one seems to know when its career began, 
who began it, how it was commencecl. how it was afterward managed, nor what was the 
order in rotation of the instructors. The idea has Ijeeome pretty well fixed in the histor- 
ian's brain, that if evolittion is a natural process, it was most eminently true of the 
academy, viz., it began itself, ritn itself, and, when it rnu itself ottt, died a jVeaceful and 
natiTral death. 

The academy building was the original Methodist Chiu'ch of Mt. Clemens, lately 
owned iiy the German Church and recently torn down to make room for their present 
brick edifice. The bttilding was constructed with a basement, which, for some time, was 
used for school purposes. It seems as far back as early in the 40's, the school was called 
an academy, but that title did not properly ajiply to it until later, probably about 1850. 
From an old school record, lately handed me by E. "\^'right Hall, and belonging to Old Dis- 
trict Xo. I — yet to be discussed — I find that in 18-t3 to 1846. District No. 1 rented the 
basement of the building in which to hold its district school. The building vvas rented of 
Robert Thompson, btit was then owned by the Methodists. I incline to the opinion that 
Mr. Thomi)son had a lease to the building for a term of years, and that he had previously 
(1840—42) taught a school there. From records in the county register's office, it appears 
that the Methodists did not dispose of the property ttntil 1850. It was then purchased by 
a corporation that styled itself the Clinton Instittite. The Trustees of said institute were 
A. C. Smith. "William Jenney, John I. Traver, John Stephens, H. H. Cady and David 
Shook. Probably previous to this time (1850), the schools taught in the building were 
private schools, except when District No. 1 rented it. 

It had, however, in some way, aei|uired the name of academy, and that had seemed 
to be its designating term, but it was not until after 1850 that so worthy a title belonged 
to it. From 1850 to about 1853, the academy saw its palmiest days. After the Clinton 
Institute purchased the building, up to 1862 or 1863, when the Germans bought it, the 
property passed through several hands, being owned at one time, about 1856 or 1856, by 
William Jenney. 

Early in the 40's (1840-42). it appears that one Eobert (" Bob ") Thompson com- 
menced teaching in the academy building. Probably his was nothing more than an ordinary 
private school, he renting the building of the Methodists and teaching on his own responsi- 
bility. He evidently allowed considerable latitirde to the wild career' of his pujails, and 



^-^^—^ 




-i 



HIGH SCHOOL BL'LDIWG^ V1T, CLI 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



hence, when Mr. Chase aftei^ward taught, he being a sharp disciplinai'ian. the boys really 
and titily agi-eed that that was "no Bob Thompson's school, but an academy." 

After Prof. Chase, some of the teachers were the following: S. B. Axtell, about 1844 
or 1845; Carlos Bacon, about 1845 or 1846; Mrs. Goodman, about 1846 or 1847; Justin 
Fuller, about 1847 or 1848: Luther Taylor, about 1848 or 1849; Nathaniel Culver, about 
1849 or 1850; the Newcombs, in 1851 to 1853; Miss Dr. Arnold, in 1854-55. Mi-. Chase 
had for assistant teachers Mrs. Forster, Miss Mary Bacon and Miss Vaughn. Mr. Chase 
was considered a good organizer and manager. He was so jealous of his reputation as a 
disciplinarian than rather to pei-mit his honor in that regard to suffer, he would soundly 
flog a boy foiu- times in a half day, one of Mt Clemens' prominent professional men being 
a party to the transaction. S. B. Axtell has since been prominently connected with the 
political afi'airs of New Mexico and Utah TeiTilories, at one time being their Governor. 
Mrs. Goodman has been previously mentioned in connection with the private schools of 
this period. Carlos Bacon besides teaching in the academy also conducted one of the dis- 
trict schools aftei-ward. Justin Fulton is now a prominent Baptist clergyman of Boston 
(formerly of New York). Nathaniel Culver was especially esteemed by the fair sex. He 
was an exemplary young man, not radically strict upon discipline, but probably better 
liked on that account. Miss Catharine Traver (now Mrs. T. M. Crocker) and Miss Lucy 
Post were his assistants. 

"When the Newcombs conducted the academy, it saw its most prosperous days. 
George and Hemy Newcomb, assisted by their father. Rev. SL'. Newcomb, the j^astor of 
the Presbyterian Church, were the principal teachers. They were ably seconded by Miss 
Catharine Traver and Miss Julia Mui'dock as assistants, and Miss Tregent as music- 
teacher. At this time, the school was quite well supplied with school ajjparatus and it 
partook of the nature of the seminary. The higher branches were taught, including 
ancient and modern languages. During this period, William Jenuey, father of William 
Jenney, present Secretary of State, was an earnest supporter of the institution and did 
much to advance its interests. Henry Newcomb is now a lawyer of Ludington and George 
Newcomb a lawyer at East Saginaw. 

Miss Arnold afterward used the academy building for a year, but her school was a 
private one. The Newcombs were the last teachers of the academy. Its light went out in 
darkness, and, as it apparently came into existence without an eftbrt, at least so far as 
known, so it came to its decease without a struggle. 

It will be remembered that the schoolhouse in old No. 7 was burned in 1843. Dating 
from about this time (1843 to 1845). there were three districts organized, including ^bout 
the present territory of Mt. Clemens with some adjacent country. These districts were 
numbered 1, 7 and 12. The schoolhouse in No. 1 was built in 1846 at an expense of 
§30(\ Previous to this, however, District. No. 1 had maintained a school for several 
years in the basement of the academy building, renting it of Robert Thompson as already 
related. 

No. 1 Schoolhouse was located on North Gratiot street, about on the site of A. E. 
Van Eps' residence. 

No. 7 Schoolhouse was located on Fraser street, south of the Methodist Chui'ch. 

No. 12 Schoolhouse was located on Jones street near the jjresent location of the Avery 
House barns. The school buildings were thought to be pretty good for those times. 
Nos. 1 and 7 were built of wood; No. 12 of brick. The old school building of No. 1 is 
now used by Charles Lamb for a work-shoj). It stands just back of his residence on the 
same lot. The No. 7 Schoolhouse is preserved in form and appearance without, and with- 
in it has been fitted up for dwelling pui'poses and is used for a residence. It stands on 
its old site. The schoolhouse of No. 12 was larger and more modern than the others. It 



was destroyed by lire iu 1848 or 1849. but was rebuilt and used continuously for school 
pm'poses until 1857, since which time it has been torn down. 

From Mt. Clemens' present business and professional men much has been learned of 
the secret history of these early primary schools. They recall with a shudder the stripes 
received; but, with a keen relish, they relate the circumstances attending the tlu'owing of 
a teacher out of doors or compelling his unconditional surrender. 

Upon one of these occasions, in No. 7, as the boys' story goes, after the master had 
been obliged to run for his life, he retm-ned to the schoolhouse where the boys were hold- 
ing the fort, and. putting his head in at the door, shouted: " O, boys, yoix'll catch it for 
this!" But what cared the boys. School was out for the day, and, theyprobably reasoned, 
take no thought for the morrow. 

Considerable jealousy existed among the boys of the various districts and not unfre- 
quently pre-arranged p)itched battles were fought on the commons near the school build- 
ings. In that barbarous fashion they tested their comparative prowess. Woul . it 
not have been more civilized had they fought with their brains, rather than with their 
hstsy It was customary among the teachers to visit each other at their school-rooms and 
compare notes. In this manner, they enlarged their own ideas, while at the same time 
they rendered assistance to each other. The means for acquiring the theory and art of 
teaching were very meager, but of the teachers who were employed in these districts not a 
few used every aid in their power to perfect themselves for their work — marks of true 
teachers. Om- modern school-teachers should emulate their example. 

The record fiu'nished by Wright Hall has rendered me valuable assistance in wi'iting 
the history of this district. It was organized in December, 1843, Dv. Henry Taylor serv- 
ing the notice on the taxable inhabitants of the district, as required by law. The school 
meeting, and afterward, the school, was held in the basement of the academy building. 
The first officers were: William Cantield, Moderator; John S. Park, Assessor, and W. H. 
Warner, Director. 

No fui-ther record of the district is found until 1845, when another notice was served 
on the taxable inhabitants and a meeting held in May of that year. A three months' 
school was ordered for the summer. This district usually maintained nine or ten months' 
school dm'ing the year, but, in 1848, a vote was jsassed to have a twelve months' school for 
the ensuing year. This vote, however, was afterward rescinded. It was quite generally 
the custom of this district to levy a tax of .Ijil per scholar tipon the taxable property of the 
district for defraying the ex2iense of teachers' wages. The schoolhouse was ordered 
Iniilt in 1847, on a lot situated on the tuxnpike, 195 feet north of E. J. Tucker's lot. 

The officers of the district were the following: William Canheld, Moderator, 1843, 
1844, 1845-47. 1853-1854. Director, 185(»-1851, 1856-1857; W. H. Warner, Di- 
rector, 1843-44, Moderator, 1848-49; John S. Park, Assessor, 1843-44, lS45-4(); C. Van 
Dusen, Director, 1845-46; W. S. Robinson, Director, 1846-48; Moderator, 1851-53; Ed- 
ward J. Tucker, Assessor, 1846-48; Dr. Henry Taylor, Moderator. 1847-4S. Director, 1848- 
49; John I. Traver, Assessor, 1848-49. Director, 1849-50, 1851-53; Hiram Bentley, Assessor 
in 1849 by appointment; D. W. Phillips, Moderator, 1849-50; Richard Stapleton, Assess- 
or, 1849-50: E. C. (lallup. Moderator, 1850-51; Assessor, 1854-55; John Tucker, Assess- 
or, 1850-51; George C. Fletcher, Director, 1851-52; Dennis McCaffrey, Assessor, 1851- 
53; Hosea Pratt, Director, 1853-54; E. L. Raymond, Assessor, 1853-55, 1857; E.Wright 
Hall, Director. 1855-56; J. C. McDonald, Moderator, 1855-56; T. J. Rutter, Moderator, 
1856-57. 

The teachers of No. 1, so far as learned, were the following; Pettibone, 1843 or 
1844; Millard about 1844 or 1845; Norman Geddes, 1845—46, now a prominent lawyer 
of Adi-ian; Mervin Tabor, 1846-47, resigned in March. 1847; Joseph Corwin, about 



^^ 



1847 to 1849, two years; Miss Josephine Cook, about 1849-51: H. A. Lathi-op, 1851; Miss 
Delia Canfield, about 1850; Miss Catharine Traver (Mrs. Crocker). 1851, snininer terra; 
Miss Kearney (Mrs. O. Chapaton), 185'2, summer term: A. L. Bingham, 1852 to 1855: 
Mrs. Mclntyre, Miss Woodi-uff, Miss Liva Beach, Miss Sarah Ormsby, Miss Scranton. as- 
sistants to Bingham; Dunlap, 1853 or 1854; Mr. D. Abbey, about 1853; Miss Julia Dick- 
inson, about 1854; Miss Fiero. 1854-55; Gilbert Bates, 1855-56, one year: G, W. Cop- 
pernoll, 1856-57, one year. I have been informed that Norman Geddes taught in the 
academy. The school of No. 1 , which he taught, was held in the basement of that build- 
ing, hence I incline to the ojiinion that he did not conduct the so-called academy. Corbin 
was a first-class teacher. He did not believe in committing rules to memory, but believed 
that if a jnipil could solve a certain class of problems, he could state a rule for the pro 
cess, a fallacy which can easily be proved. The house was seated in an old-fashioned 
way — seats running around the walls of the room. It is stated that Corbin was obliged to 
enlarge the house, because of the number of pupils, which he did by building a rough ad- 
dition to one side of the building. My informant rather thinks that Corbin did this at 
his own expense, but is uot sure that he was not aided by the district. Miss Josephine 
Cook, now Mrs. Ashley, is at present a very successful teacher in the pul)lic schools of 
Cohimbus. Ohio. Dunlap was a red-headed man with a crippled baud. During his 
reign, the boys did about as they pleased. Upon rhetorical exercise days, after each ex- 
ercise the pupils would cla]i their hands and stamp their feet. It is proper to say that 
each pupil was greeted with a round of applause. At one time, to add eclat to the scene, 
one of the boys threw a large bottle, which he had brought for the purpose, upon the 
stove, breaking it into a thousand pieces, thus increasing the "bedlam."' Dunlap sent 
out Hosea Pi-att for some switches one day, and Hosea brought in some rose-bush stalks 
covered with prickles. It is not related whether he used them on Hosea as he deserved. 
It is stated on good authority that the pupils respected Miss Traver very highly, and that 
her influence over them, not only in the school-room, but upon the street, vras most salu- 
taiy. Miss Kate Kearney was the true type of a teacher, enthusiastic and earnest. She 
also taught in No. 7. A. L. Bingham is sjjoken of by all as a very excellent teacher. 
He has followed the profession of teaching almost continuously until the present, and, in 
fact, is now teaching at Freeland, near Saginaw. He lives at East Saginaw and has held 
offices of trust. I wrote to Bingham for information in regard to his work here as a 
teacher. He did not seem inclined to comply with the retjuest, and stated as one of his 
reasons as follows: "'It is far from being a pleasant subject. When poor and in debt, 
needing all my hard-earned wages, a Mt. Clemens school board refused to pay me a lial- 
ance of $100 honestly due me. when I left to labor with a peoj)le who did and who still do 
pay their teachers." 

While he was teaching at Mt. Clemens, there was to be a teachers' institute at TJtica. 
Bingham endeavored to prevail upon other teachers in town to make up a wagon-load and 
go over with him. All to no avail. Those teachers, like some of those at the present, 
probably thought they " knew it all,'' and had nothing fm'ther to acquire. Bingham went 
alone and on foot. The others, who had refused to go. hearing of what he had done, re- 
pented, got up their load and siTrprised him by their attendance upon the institute. Bing- 
ham used to make Washington's birthday a sort of gala day. when his school pre]iared 
exercises to speak and read, and addresses were delivered to the |iupils by prominent men 
in town. It was a sort of " W'ashingtou's Memorial Day.'" 

In March, 1855, a teachers" institute was held at Mt. Clemen^, which was largely 
attended and very successful. 

Gilbei't Bates had formerly taught in No. 12, and was well liked. He was an e.wel- 
lent mathematician. He afterward became a surveA'or and gave much attention to civil 



rrv* 



556 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



engineering. He was elected County Surveyor in one of the northern counties of this 
State, a few years since. He died a few years ago. Coppernoll was a good man and a 
good teacher. 

Since writing the above, I have received a letter from Mr. Geddes, who is Probate 
Judge of Lenawee County. I give it in full; 

Probate Court Lenawee County, Nok-Man Geddes, Judge. • / 
Adkian, Mich.. November 1, 1881. S 

Mr. Wesi.ky Seahs, Mount Clemens — Dear Sir : Oii my return home after an absence of two 
weeks. I fear yours t>{ ilie l.Sth ult. I hasten to reply, but find that I shall not be able to ijve you any 
information that will lie of service. I went to Mount Clemens in 184::i and remained until \^^l> ; was a 
student in the office of Richard Butler and also of the late Ciles ilubbard. While there. I taught three 
terms in what I think was called the north district, oci-upyin;;- the basement of a Methodist Church, 
which then stood in a northwesterly direction from the cniiri Inmse, not far from the residence of the 
late Dr. Henry Tajior and Dr. Babcock, both of whom \m iv ikiMmus. I do not know who preceded or 
succeeded me. It is my recollection that there were two districts, in one of which the late Andrew S. 
Robertson taught at the same time. I know that Mr. Robertsim and I roomed together while we were 
teaching in the village. We were friends and kept up a correspondence for several years. I have 
known many able men in my time, but have never known or associated with any man intimately, for 
whom 1 had such admiration as for Andrew S. Robertson. His knowledge of En.glish literature was 
very extensive ; his taste and appreciation of the beautiful, of the higliest order. He was a generous, 
warm-hearted friend, and I shall always remember iT.y association with him and the time spent in 
>[ount Clemens as one of the most delightful memories. In the school taught by me, only the English 
branches were taught. I think Mr. Roiicrtson had a L.itin < la^s. luu it was very small. We each re- 
ceived $18 permon'h and board among the patrons if we chose to avail ourselves of it. Think I 
averaged some thirty pupils; that Gen. Canfleld, Dr. Babcock and Dr. Taylor were ofticcf^ of the dis- 
trict. I cannot ri.'C the exact time in which I taught, but think it was in 1845 or 1846. Their wi- no 
academy at Mount Clemens while I was there, at least I have no recollections of theic U<'iu-^ -iicli. 
Among my pupils now living I only recall young Dr. Taylor. A Mr. Axtell was teaching ciijin l.ciore 
or after I tau.i,dit, but I am not ciiinin whether in the village or not. I regret that I ctuiiiot gi\i' you 
anything of interest, liut the tm t is that neither Robertson nor I taught school save a^ ,i means to 
something else, and were alway- i;lad when the quarter ended and we could draw our large ( '.') salaries. 
Hoping you may be more successful in other quarters, I am 

Very truly yours. Noumax Geddes. 

The sehoolhouse of District No. 7 was located on Fraser street, south of the Method- 
ist Church. The building still stands on the same site and is used for a dwelling-hotise. 

Teachers of No. 7 — Andrew S. Robertson, 1845 or IS-tH, assisted by Miss Amorette 
Childs; Rev. Mr. Hudson, about 184(5: Thomas Patton, about 1846 or 1847; Carlos Ba- 
con, about 1848 to 1850, assisted by Jeannette Lufkin and Josephine Cook: Mr. Pettibone, 
about 1848 to 1850, assisted by Miss Helen Dunham; A. L. Bingham, 1850-53. assisted by 
Miss Cynthia Cole and Misa Leonard; Charles Dennison, 1853, in the fall of the year, 
until the fall of 1854, assisted by Miss Catharine Kearney (Jlrs. O. Chapatou) and Miss 
Mary Dixon; Edward Bentley, about 1854 or 1855; Robert Campbell, about 1855 or 1856. 

The district was organized about 1845. Some of its officers were: Moore Stephens, 
at one time Moderator; William Longstaif, at one time Director; William Roy. at one 
time Assessor; John Dixon, at one time Assessor; Silas Dixon and A. C, Smith. 

A. S. Robertson, if he ivas not the first teacher in No. 7, w;is certainly one of the 
tirst. He afterward was one of Mt. Clemens' prominent professional and business men. 
also State Senator, and, for a long time, was connected with the union scliool as an officer. 
He was a thorough teacher and well liked. Hudson was pastor of the Methodist Church 
at the time he taught. Thomas Patton was admitted to the bar in Mt. Clemens. He 
afterward returned to New York State, where he soon after died of consumption. Carlos 
Bacon, also a teacher at one time in the academy, was not, strictly speaking, a success in 
disciplining. His failure in this respect resulted in sending some of the ••unrulies" to 
the Romeo Academy, then a branch of the State University. It is not reported that the 
said " unrulies" ever succeeded, or even attempted, to Hog the Principal of that institu- 
tion. Miss Lufkin is now JVIrs. Benjamin, of Romeo. Miss Josephine Cook has been 



^^ 



-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



mentioned in connection with the schools in No. 1. Ezra Pettibone taught in No. 7 a 
year or more, 1849 — 50. A. L. Bingham was the same thorongh-going teacher in No. 7 as 
in No. 1. Miss Leonard, since Mrs. J. Brigg, of Chesterfield, died in 1880. Miss Cyn- 
thia Cole is now Mrs. Melville Pashal, of Bay City, Mich. Charles Dennison is now a 
prominent lawyer of Bay City, and qiiite a politician withal. He commenced teaching in 
the fall of 1853. and continued the school till about Thanksgiving. 1854. He then left, 
and his assistant. Miss Kearney, assumed control, with Miss Mary Dixon as her assistant. 
The board earnestly re<piested Miss Kearney to teach a year, but she prefen-ed to teach at 
Bed Run, where she had formerly lived, and where her services were also in great 
demand. She conducted a school at Bed Run in the winter of 1854-55. When Miss 
Kearney was assistant teacher, her wages were $3 per week; when Principal of the 
school, they were raised to §5 per week. Her board-bill had to be paid out of these 
wages. Board cost in those days from $1.25 to $1.50 per week. Wages were low, 
board low and clothing cheap. Miss Kearney was a most enthusiastic teacher. She 
has now in her possession some of the contracts and certificates upon which she used 
to teach. Edward Bentley recently died at Armada. Robert Campbell is now a farmer 
near Utiea. No. 7 was merged into the Union School District in 1857. 

The schoo'house of No. 12 was situated near the present site of the Avery House 
barns. It was a brick building and was built in 1845. This was the largest district of 
the town, the eni'ollment of pupils usually reaching the respectable number or 90 to 100. 
No. 12 was organized as a district in 1843, schoolhouse built in 1845, biu-ned in 1848 or 
1849 and immediately rebuilt with improvements, making it by far the best schoolhouse 
then in Mt. Clemens. 

Teachers of No. 12- Miss Zemira Hall, in the winter of 1843-44; Miss Eliza Hall 
(Mrs. Thomas Forster), in the winter of 1844-45; Miss Josephine Cook, one year, 1845- 
46; Miss Marv MiuTav, about 1846 or 1847; Miss May Fiero, about 1847, one term only; 
Miss Jane Dodge, about 1847 or 1848; Mr. Gibbs," about 1847 or 1848; Mr. Corbin, 
about 1847 or 1848; Miss Rich, about 1848 or 1849; Mr. Sibley, about 1848 or 1849; 
Ml-. Flowers, about 1849 or 1850; Mr. Mason Cole, about 1850 or 1851: Mr. Perrin Craw- 
ford, about 1850 or 1851; Mr. Samuel Estabrook, about 1851 or 1852; Mr. Levi Craw- 
ford, about 1851 or 1852; Mr. Gilbert Bates. 1852-55; Mr. John Barry, 1855-56: Mr. 
Asahel Crawford, about 1855 or 1856;- Mr. Arnold, 1856-57. 

Miss Zemira Hall and Miss Eliza Hall taught in No. 12 before the schoolhouse was 
built: Miss Zemira Hall in the ''Brown building" and Miss Eliza Hall in what was for- 
merly known as the " Roskopp House,'' now remodeled and forming the i-ear of the Cen- 
tral Park House. Miss Josephine Cook was the first teacher in the schoolhouse. After 
Mr. Ciibbs completed his school, he was acting fi-eight agent on the steamboat dock. He 
afterward went East. During Miss Rich"s school, the house took fire from ashes in a 
barrel standing in the vestibule of the building. The janitor at the time was James Ma- 
gany, who cared for the building and took his pay in ashes from the school fires. The 
historian is unable to say whether he was allowed to claim the ashes of the building. 
Miss Rich finished her school in what was called the "pot-room"' at the glass factory, lo- 
cated on the site of the Mt. Clemens Mineral Spring. The room was fitted up for tem- 
porary use only. The walls of the old school building were not seriously injured, and 
were largely used in the new house. The school in this district was larger than usual 
about this time, because of the increase in the number of families, due to the munerous 
employes of the glass works. Ctjrbin has already been mentioned in connection with the 
school of No. 1. He is now an Episcopal clergyman. Mr. Sibley was obliged to give up 
his school fi-om failing eyesight. Flowers was somewhat of a musician. He used to lead 
the singing with the violin. At the close of the term, his school had a picnic. They pa- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



railed the streets, brought up at the schoolhouse, '" spoke pieces, sang, picnicked " on the 
school lawn, and had a grand time in general. Flowers is laconically described by one of 
Mt. Clemens" merchants as "business.'' Mr. Cole lives in the northern part of Macomb 
Couutv, and is somewhat of a politician. He had some trouble with a b(j}' named John 
O'Neil. Said John was so effectually scai'ed by the declaration that "'there's power in 
that right ai'm" he (John) fled from the schoolhouse in terror. 

Perrin Crawford was the first of three brothers who taught in No. 12. He read law 
at the same time in the (jffice of Eldredge & Hubbard. He taught one or two years, and 
died soon after at Mt. Clemens. Just previous to teaching in Mt. Clemens, Estabrook 
graduated from the State University, having been assisted in acquiring his education by 
his brother. He was not averse to using the birch, as some of Mt. Clemens' business 
men well recollect. Levi Crawford was Crawford No. 2. An event occurred while he 
was teaching which few, if any, of his pupils ever forgot. One afternoon at rece.ss, some 
red pepper was thrown upon the hot stove. The ascending fumes caused irritation to the 
lungs and produced violent coughing. Crawford asked each pupil if he did it. All 
said •"No, sir,'' of eoiu'se. He accused some of falsifying, said he knew it was one of three 
boys. The circumstance necessitated the close of school for the afternoon. In the light 
of later events, it appears that three boys wore the guilty jsarties. Darius Conner fur- 
nished the money to buy the pepper, George Wyles (now book-keeper for Viger, the De- 
troit coal dealer) bought the pepper, and William Walker put it on the stove. 

William Walker was a soldier in the rebel army. He lost a leg in a battle, from the 
effects of which he died. These three Crawford probably had in mind when he said he 
knew who did it. Bates was one of the best of teachers. He also taught in No. 1. 

John Bany could wield the birch with evident relish. Some of his pupils can feel, 
in imagination, the sting of the rod even now. His punishment of Nelson Edwards and 
Richard Conner caused considerable excitement and nearly a law-suit. Barry, while 
teaching, was a clerk in the County Register's office, doing his writing in the evening. 
He is now a lawyer in London, Ont. Asahel Crawford was Crawford No. 3. Ai-nold was 
the last teacher in No. 12 (1857). He after wai-d went out West and since died; some say 
he committed suicide. 

Some of the officers of No. 12 were: James Snook, Cornelius Swartout. John Conner, 
Isaac Grovier and C. Generous. The latter was a good officer, but could not write. 

PRIVATE SCHOOLS. 

There have been but few private schools for this period, and these chiefly for children. 
Miss Emily Allen (Mrs. William Tucker, now deceased) taught a private school in the old 
academy building about 18G0. In about 1861 or 1862, Miss Alice Traver (now Mrs. Har- 
rington, of Detroit) taught a private school in a building standing about on the present site of 
the Cliftim House. Miss Scott taught a school for children on South Gratiot street, in a 
building then standing on the present location of Kimmeritz's cigar manufactory, in about 
1863, 1864 and 1865. Mrs. Campbell, in about 1868, taught a private school for children 
in the engine-house, a short summer term. Miss Cobb taught in the engine-house in 
1869. A ])rivate school was taught in Mrs. Eastman's house, commencing 1868 and con- 
tinuing for some time. Children under ten years of age were admitted. Mrs. E. M. As- 
tell, at one time a teacher in the Union School, taught a private school at her own home 
on Shelby street, fi-om about 1872 to 1875. It was a school for children. In 1877, Miss 
Kate Skinner taught a school for children in Arbeiter Hall, South Gratiot street. En- 
rolled about twenty pupils. Term continued eighteen or twenty weeks. Tuition, 25 
cents per week. Miss Kittie Shepard, now Mrs. Simms, also taught a private school in 
Arbeiter Hall in the summer of 1880. In the summer of 1881, Miss Jennie Phelps taught 

V'I'i r- -^ ® \ 



4^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



a private school for children in Arbeiter Hall. Enrollment, nineteen. School continued 
for a few weeks only. Tuition, 13 per quarter. 

End of history of jsrivate schools for 1857 to 1881. 

DENOMINATIONAL SCHOOLS. 

From Rev. H. Gundert I learn the following facts concerning the German School: It 
was established in 1860. It does not in the least conflict with the work of the public 
schools, as the common branches are not taught there. The aim of the school is to teach 
the German language and to give religious instruction. All exercises are conducted in 
German. The school is maintained only during the months from November to Ajsril. 
All who desire can attend. Frequently American children attend to learn the German 
langiaage. Instruction is given in church history also. The enrollment usually reaches 
about forty-five or fifty. The school-room is located in the rear end of the church build- 
ing. 

I am indebted to Rev. Father Ryckaert for the following facts: St. Mary's Catholic 
School is a parochial school, established in 1870 and annually enrolling about 170 pupils. 
The instructors are three Sisters of Mary, from Monroe, Mich. They receive $500 per 
year, besides a fiu'uished house, wood and lights. Instruction is given in all the elemen- 
tary branches, and church doctrine is thoroughly taught. After completing their work ia 
this school, many of the pupils enter the public school, being usually classified in the 
sixth grade, sometimes in the fifth and sometimes in the seventh, depending, of course, 
upon their attainments. So far as your historiau is aware, no jealousy exists between the 
public and the Catholic schools. The work of the one scarcely clashes with the work of 
the other. 

I have received the following letter, which will throw some additional light upon the 
history of the academy. I give it in full: 

Macomb, November 2.3, 1881. 

Prof. Se.\rs. Mount Cle.mens — Sir : I have l)een very much interested in reading your com- 
muniralioiis to the Monitor containing all that can be ascertained, of a reliable nature, of the history 
of education in Mount Clemens during the prehistoric era. In the chapter on the Academy I observe 
you speak with uncc-rtainty about the time that the school was under the control of the Hon. S. B. Axtell. 
As I was an assistant during a part of the time of his Mccupaiii y of tin- school-room, I can speak 
with certainty in regard to the date of his teaching. He niii.cl t\i'r r.iMin c.f "Bob" Thompson, who 
had leased tlie first story of the building for a term of viar- lud liiii~li' d it off for school purposes, 
and, I believe, taught a term of school in it himself. Aly lirotlier rominmred his school in the latter 
part of August or beginning of September, 1844. I was his assistant during the winter , ,f iS44-4,i. I can- 
not say when he discoutiniTed the school, as I went to New Jersey early in tlie spriiin and did not return 
imtil .autumn, when he was in other business. At this distant day, I have a distinct recollection of only 
a few of the pupils. Among them were William and Edgar Weeks, Henry and .Seymour Taylor and 
.1. B. Eldredge. There were some Canfleld bo\'s in the school, but I do not remember their names. 
The Taylor brothers u.sed to recite their Latin grammar to me. Miss Hillis taught a select school a 
short distance from the academy at the same time, and she was teaching as i-eccntly as 1,S4T. 

In your list of teachers in No. 13, you omitted the name ,of Miss Kinliiic Willi.iins, of Akron, 
Ohio, a sister of the wife of Gov. S. B. Axtell. She spent the summer of 184*; ,,r 1847 in Mount 
Clemens and taught one term of school in the Stephens house. 

E. S. Axtell. 

UNION SCHOOL. 

The organization of the iJnion School District met with much opposition from vari- 
ous sources. Although the system had been successfully tested in several parts of the 
State, still Mt. Clemens hesitated a long time before choosing between the old and the 
inferior and the new and superior. Some excuse may be found in the fact that for quite 
a ntunber of years the " academy " had furnished opportunities for acquiring a knowledge 
of the higher branches. 

By the consolidation of Districts Nos, 17 and 12, of Clinton Township, the present 



riV* 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Union School District of Mt. Clemens was formed. The organization bears date of Feb- 
marv' 20. 1857. The limits of the district and the boundary of the city of Mt. Clemens are 
not coincident, a portion of the district being in the town of Clinton, outside the city. 
The district should properly be called " Fractional No. 1." of city of Mt. Clemens and 
Clinton To^Tiship. 

The first annual meeting was held March 9. 1857. The resohition for building a 
schoolhouse to cost !?1 1,000 passed, at a regular annual meeting of the district. Septem- 
ber 26, 1859. 

Previous to 1861 — the schoolhouse not being built until 1860 — the school was taught 
in the old academy building and in No. 7 Schoolhouse. The building is three stories 
high, fifty-seven feet long and forty-six feet wide. It contains two rooms on first floor 
for primary departments, two on second floor for gi'ammar departments, and on the third 
floor one large room, formerly used for the high school, one recitation-room and library 
room. 

The third story was entirely burned in 1861. The fire probably caught from light- 
ning, as it seemed to stai't in the tower. The flames were subdued before reaching the 
second storj'. 

While the house was being repaired, the schools were carried on in the present Bap- 
tist Church and in the old No. 7 Schoolhouse. At the church, the body of the house' was 
occupied Ijy the high school, the vestibule and gallery being used for lower grades. 

The resolution for Ijuilding the second house was passed at a special school meeting 
June 30. 1875. The house was ready for occupancy the year following. The building 
is fifty-seven feet long and forty-six feet wide, two stories in height. It has two rooms 
on the first floor, now occupied by primary departments, two rooms on the second floor, 
besides recitation-rooms now used by the high school. 

A nucleus for a library was started in 1865 or 1866 by Prof. Wood; since that time 
it has grown till at the present time it numbers 710 well- selected volumes, including en- 
cyclopedias and books of reference. 

TEACHERS — UNION SCHOOL 1857 TO 1882. 

1857-58 — S. S. Gale, Principal: James Jenney, Elizabeth Stanton, Benjamin Eckler, 
Miss Eice, Mary McLeod. 

1858-59— S. S. Gale, Principal; Miss Eice, Esther Jones, Mary McLeod, Miss M. 
Dixon. Miss Crawford. 

1859-60 — O. A. Hotchkise. Principal: Ed S. Jenney. Lucy Giddings. Alice Traver. 
Esther Jones, Lorain Pratt, Mrs. Phillips. Miss Dixon. 

1860-61 — William Campbell, Principal: Miss Newman, Miss Bryan, Miss Dixon. Mrs. 
Phillips. Miss Jennie Dean. 

1861-62 — Silas Wood, Principal; C. J. Wood, Miss Hitchcock, Miss Beebe, Miss 
Brvan, Miss Davis. 

1862-63— Silas Wood, Principal; Mi-s. Wood, Miss H. M. Hale, Miss Smith, Miss 
Jennie Dean, Mr. Harley, Jane McChesney, Miss Allen, William Campbell, Mrs. Phillips. 

1863-64 — Andrew Montgomery. Principal ; Mary McLeod, Lizzie Moon, Mary Smith, 
Esther Culver, Mrs. E. Shook. Lizzie Gleason. Frances Buck. 

1864-65 — Andrew Montgomeiy. Principal: Frances Buck, Helen Buck, Esther Cul- 
ver, Mary Montgomery, Isabell Eoss. 

1865-66— Silas Wood. Principal: Isabell Eoss, Lucy Nichols, Mrs. O. E. Verrall, 
Mary Wood. 

1866-67 — Silas Wood, Principal; Isabell Eoss, Mary Wood, Helen Buck, Anna Euck- 
man. Lurk Nichols. 



t 



riV 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



1867-68 — Silas Wood. Priucipal; Mary Wood, Minnie Gibbs, Martha Harvey. Helen 
Buck. Maggie Blackwood. Theresa Sterling. Mrs. S. "Wood. Elinina Morton, Olive Dixon, 
Rev. H. Gundert. 

186S-6y — Slias Wood. Principal: Elmina Morton. Fannie CTilbert. Olive Dixon, Mary 
Wood, Lizzie McGovern. Rev. H. Gundert. 

1869-70 — F. A. Herring. Principal: L. D. Culver. Sarah Green, Lizzie McGovern, 
Fannie Gilbert. Mary Wood, Elmina Morton. 

1870-71 — F. A. Herring, Principal: Mary Wood, Fannie Gilbert, L. D. Culver, Miss 
C. L. Smith. Fannie Loucks. 

1871-72 — D. B. Briggs, Principal; Carrie Richardson, Fannie Gilbert, Mary Wood, 
L. D. Culver, Susie Watterson, Fannie Loucks, Mary Crocker, Mary Siegel. 

1872-73 — J. E. Bissell, Principal; Carrie Richardson, Maiy Wood, Fannie Loucks, 
Mary Siegel, Susie Watterson. 

1873-74 — J. E. Bissell, Principal; Miss Turner, Mary Wood, Mary Forster, Susie 
Watterson, Miss C. Smith. Fannie Loucks. 

1874-75 — S. S. Babcock, Principal; Elmina Morton, Mrs. S. S. Babcock, Mary -Fors- 
ter, Susie Watterson, Miss C. Smith, Fannie Loucks, Miss M. Allen. 

1875-76 — S. S. Babcock, Principal: Elmina Morton, Mrs. S. S. Babcock. Mary Fors- 
ter, Mrs. E. M. Axtell, Caroline Smith, Fannie Loucks, Marie Van Eps. 

1876-77 — Wesley Sears, Principal: Miss Hari-iet Culver, Mary Foi-ster, Maria Tate, 
Maria Mills, Emma Snook, Florence Dixon, Fannie Loucks. 

1877-78 — Wesley Sears, Principal; Han-iet Culver, Mary Forster, Maria Tate, Mercie 
Briggs, Marie Van Eps. Cary Knox. Fannie Loucks. 

1878-79 — Wesley Sears. Principal: T. Forster, Mary Forster. Marie Tate, Lilian 
Norton. Mercie Briggs. Marie Van Eps, Carrie Knox, Fannie Lou.ck8. 

1879-80 — Wesley Seai's. Priucipal; Maria J. Tate, Lilian Norton, Mercie Briggs, 
Eliza Wood, Mai'ie Van Eps, Carrie Knox. Fannie Loucks. 

1880-81 — Wesley Sears. Principal; Maria J. Tate, Eliza Wood, Mercie Briggs. Ruth 
Russell, Carrie Knox, Marie Van Eps, Julia Gundert, Fannie Loucks. 

1881-82 — Wesley Sears. Principal; Maria Tate, Eliza Wood (Tucker), Mercie Briggs, 
Ruth Russell, Carrie Knox, Minnie Martell, Julia Gundert, Fannie Loucks. 

OFFICERS AND TEDSTEES. 

E. Wright Hall, Moderator and Director, 1857. 

Moore Stephens, Director and Moderator, 1857, 1860, 1862; Trustee, 1862, 1863. 

E. L. Ravmond, Assessor, 1857, 1864; Trustee, 1864, 1865. 

J. E. Vaii Eps, Moderator, 1857, 1860. 

A. S. Robertson, Director, 1857, 1863. 

Silas Dixon, Trustee, 1857, 1862; Moderator, 1862, 1864. 

W. S. Robinson, Tnistee, 1857. I860; Moderator. 1864, 1866; Assessor, 1867, 1870; 
Trustee, 1866, 1867. 

W. A. Edwards, Tri;stee, 1857, 1858. 

Giles Hubbard, Trustee. 1857, 1864. 

J. B. Ekh-edge, Tnistee. 1867, 1864, 1865 and 1875: Director, 1864. 1865. 

Norton L. Miller. Trustee. 1858, 1859. 

August Czizek. Trustee, 1863, 1864, 1867, 1868: Assessor, 1864, 1867. 

S. S. Gale. Director. 1862. 1864. 1867. 1869, 1875: Moderator, 1866. 1867. 1877, 
1882; Trustee, 1864, 1866, 1876, 1877. 

T. M. Crocker. Director. 1865, 1867: Trustee. 1864. 1865; Moderator, 1867. 1876. 

H. Carter. Moderator. 1866, 1867; Trustee, 1865, 1866. 



^J '^ k. ^ <^\s^ 



O. Chapaton. Trustee, 1867, 1870; Assessor, 1870, 1875. 

T. W. Snook. Trustee, 1866, 1867; Director. 1869, 1875. 

G. B. Van Eps, Trustee, 1867, 1868, 1871, 1875; Assessor, 1875, 1882. 

Dr. L. Younghusband, Trustee, 1868, 1871. 

William Flumer, Trustee, 1870, 1876. 

William Canfiekl, Trustee, 1875, 1876; Moderator, 1876, 1877. 

Edgar Weeks, Trustee, 1875, 1879; Director, 1878, 1882. 

T. H. Forster, Director, 1876, 1879. 

F. G. Kendi-ick, Trastee. 1876, 1882. 

G. M. Crocker, Trustee, 1877. 1882. 
A. T. Donaldson, Trustee, 1879, 1882. 

ST.aiTISTICS. 

No records of attendance, enrollment, averages, per cents, etc., have been j^reserved 
that antedate 1865. From 1865 to 1869, the record is not quite as full as since that time. 
The statistics of greatest imjjortance since 1869 have been preserved in tabulated form. 
It is the opinion of the historian that this table will give a satisfactory idea of the method 
now piu'sued in preserving the records, and hence will not go back further than that date 
(1869). The table is given in full on the following page; 



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HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The average per capita cost for superintendence and instruction, based on "average 
number belonging." has been as follows: 1874-75, $13.55; 1875-7fi, $12.70; 1876-77, 
$9.45; 1877-78. $iU3; 1878-79, $9.68; 1879-80, .18.82; 1880-81. $7.92. 

All records are kejit in a satisfactory manner in the high school. The exact standing 
of each pupil in every branch is on file. 

5IASONI0. 

Lebanon Lodge, No. 7. was proposed at Mt. Clemens May 5, 1841. Among the mem- 
bers present were A. C. Smith. Ebeu Hall, Henry M. Dodge, J S. Parke, Allen Fish, 
Thomas M. Perry, Dan Shattuck, Joseph Cole. The lodge was organized June 7, 1841: 
Ebeu Hall, W. M.; J. S. Parke, S. W.; A. Fish. J. W.; H. M. Dodge, Secretary. 

The principal olficers elected since that time were: 

Worshipful Masters— Eben Hall, 1842-43; A. C. Smith. 1844; Eben Hall, 1845-47; 
John S. Parke, 1848: Allen P. Bentlev. 1849: A. C. Smith, 1850-51: O. B. Smith, 1852; 
Harelehigh Cai'ter, 1853; Eben Hall, 1854; Harelehigh Carter, 1855; Henry Taylor, Sr., 
1856. 

Recorders— A. G. Parke, 1842-16; Allen P. Bentley, 1847; Eobert P. Eldredge, 1848; 

A. G. Parke, 1849; A. P. Bentley, 1850; James Fenton, 1851-52: A. C. Smith, 1853; 
Harelehigh Carter. 1854; A. C. Smith, 1855; W. S. Robinson, 1856. 

Mf. Clemens Lodge, No. 6, was organized September 4, 1857: 

Worshipfiil Masters- Robert P. Ekkedge, 1857-60; William S. Robinson. 1861-62; 
R. P. Eldredge, 1863-66: T. M. Crocker. 1867 ; Cephas Farrar, 1861; James B. Eldredge, 
1869-70; James Kurn, 1871: G. W. Robertson, 1872-78; A. E. Van Eps, 1879-80; Wes- 
ley Sears, 1881-82. 

Recorders — William S. Robinson, 1857-58; Judson S. Farrar. 1861; R. P. Eldredge. 
1862; Theo Traver, 1863; H. B. Hall, 1864; W.S.Robinson, 1865-71: L. D. Culver, 
1872; James M. Heath, 1873; L. E. Woodruff, 1874-75; Joseph Lonsby, 1876; A. E. 
Van Eps, 1877; George M. Crocker, 1878; T. H. Foster, 1879; G. W. Robertson, 1880; 
G. AV. Rol)ertson, 1881-82. 

The ])resent officers are: Wesley Sears, W. M. ; G. M. Crocker, S. W.; Joseph Lons- 
by J. W. ; Alex Jacobi, S. D.; Philo Wiilrig, Jr., J. D.; G. W. Robertson, Secretary; G. 

B. Van Eps, Treasurer: John Allmand, Tiler; E. W. Lewis and F A Keith, Stewards 

The Mt. Clemens Chapter, R. A. M.. was organized February 28, 1870. with R. P. 
Eldredge, H P. The High Priests elected since that time were: R. P. Eldredge, 
1870-75: G. W. Robertson. 1875-77; S. B. Russell, 1877-78; T. \V. Newton, 1878-79; 
W. C. Teunant, 1879-80. The officers elected December 8, 1S81, are: Joseph L'pleger, 
H. P. ; T. W. Newton, K. ; Alfred Stewert, S. ; E. W. Lewis, C. of H. ; A. E. Van Eps, 
P. S. ; F. Lonsby, C. of G. : Abner Hayward, M. of 3d V. ; William G. Crittenden, M. of 
2d v.; Alex Jacobi. M. of 1st V.; Paul Ulrieh, Treasurer; G. W. Robertson, Secretary: 
and John Allemand, Sentinel. 

I. O. O. F. 

Macomb Lodge. No. 13, was organized under disjiensation March 9, 1846, in response 
to the petition of Henry D. Terry, C. G. Cady, Henry C. Kibbee. Joshua B. Dickenson 
and Horace K. Dickenson. The lodge was installed March 11, 1846, by Most Worshipful 
Grand Asher S. Kellogg. The first officers were: C. H. Carey. N. G. ; H. D. Terry, V. 
G. ; H. C. Kibbee, Secretary; J. B. Dickenson, Treasurer. This lodge continued in exist- 
ence until June 30, 1854. Subsequently, the charter was revoked by the Grand Lodge, 
which, on the re-organization of No. 13. March 20, 1874. was returned, with the effects of 
the old lodge, by Deputy Harris. The first officers of Macomb Lodge, No. 13. re-organ- 
ized, were: John E. Van Eps, N. G.; C. C. Lamb, V. G. ; George B. Van Eps, Secre- 
tary; Hem-y Connor, Treasurer; J. C. Ross, P. S. : William Roy, Conductor. 



rrf" 



The Noble Grands from 1874 to 1882 were: John Van Eps, 1874; Charles C. Lamb 
and Edgar Weeks. 1875; F. C. Lamb and John E. Van Eps, 1S7(k F. C. Lamb and F. H. 
Bentley. 1877: John Trnfani and Adolph J. Okie. 1878; M. L. Skillman and H. E. Rus- 
sell, 1879; Julius Koehler and Hiram D. Atwood, 1880; James Broderick and E. J. Okie, 
1881-82. The officers serving at present with INIi'. Okie are: Frank Ramsay, V. G. ; 
Charles Fluemer, Secretary; R. Oesterich, Permanent Secretary; and Gustave Waltzer, 
Treasiu"er. The term for which these officers are elected expires July 1, 1882. The 
number of members belonging to Lodge No. 13 is forty-five. The financial condition 
compares favorably with any Odd Fellows Lodge in the State, and the greatest harmony 
prevails. Since 1874, it has taken a very important part in the benevolent work which it 
is formed to carry on. 

Camp No. 8'1, I. O. O. F., was established in August, 1881, with B. Rush Jackson, 
Chief Patriarch; Julius Koehler, S. W. ; R. Oesterich. Scribe; Adolph J. Olde. Treasurer; 
H. D. Atwood, H. P. The officers of the camp at present are: Julius Koehler, C. P.; 
Richard Stone, H. P.; E. J. Olde, S. W.; James Broderick, Scribe: Gustave Waltzer, 
Treasiu'er. The charter members numbered fifteen, to which five have been added. Like 
the lodge, the camp is a prosperous organization. 

Mt. Clemens Grange is one of the most im])ortant associations in the county. Its offi- 
cers at the present time comprise: A. H. Cautield, M. ; H. D. Atwood, O. ; G. J. Shoe- 
maker, Lect.; J. J. Kelley. S. ; G. H. Little, Asst. S.: Mrs. T. Cantield. Chaplain: Will- 
iam Nunnelv, Treasurer: J. C. Cadv, Secretary: H. Carter. G. K. ; Mi-s. H. Canfield, C. ; 
Mrs. William Nunnely, P.; Mrs. J. R. Trufant, F. : Mrs. William Green, L. A. S. 

The sporting circles of the city are represented by the Mt. Clemens Hunting and 
Fi.shing Club, of which James B. Eldredge is President, and H. "W. Babcock, Secretary. 

MANUF.^CTURING INDUSTRIES. 

Van Eps & Co.'s tannery was established in 1839, by Hotchkiss & Moody, who disjsosed 
of their interests to the present firm in 1844. The tannery was destroyed by tire, again 
built and destroyed, rebuilt, and again burned June 5, 1881. The main building is 40x80 
feet, two stories high, with engine house. The product is about three thousand hides an- 
nually, valued at SI 5. 000. The members of the firm are J. E. Van Eps and G. B. Van 
Eps. The former sujierintends the tannery, while the latter manages the boot and shoe 
store, harness-shop and leather store, located on the public square. 

Donaldson Bros., manufacturers of can-iages, wagons and agricultm'al implements 
and castings, established this industry in 1859. During that yeai-, W. S. Donaldson 
opened a blacksmith-shop. In 1860. he tiu'ned out a few wagons. Subsequently, the 
business so increased that, in 1865, he entered into partnership with his brother. Andrew 
Donaldson, entered on the manufacture of wagons extensively, and established a horse- 
shoeing shop in the old Chandler building. Thomas Donaldson, who died in 1869. be- 
came a partner in 1868. In 1870. the foundry and agricultural implement departments 
were added. In 1874, the large brick factory building was erected, and in the fall of 
1881, the brick foundry building was raised. The main building is 40x50 feet; the foun- 
dry 45x62, with addition 1 2x22, together with a number of wooden buildings and a large brick 
structui'e now proposed. This manufacturing industry gives employment to thirty skilled 
workmen, is growing yearly in popular esteem, and gives promise of still greater advances. 

C. S. & L. Groesbeck's stave factory was established by Charles A. Groesbeck in the 
fall of 1880. The machinery employed is known as Greenwood's latest improved, which 
is driven by a thirty-five horse-power engine. The capacity of the factory is 5.000.000 
staves annually, the manufactm-e of which gives employment to from twenty-five to thirty 
men. The elm and basswood used are obtained from the Canadian forests. 



^l^ 



5G6 HISTORY OF MACOMB COU>'TY. 

The Groesbeck saw-mill, at Wallacebm-g, Canada, where bolts ai'e prepared for the 
stave-mill, as well as hard and soft lumber for the Detroit and Buffalo markets, must be 
considered a branch of the Mt. Clemens establishment. 

Mt. Clemens City Mills were built in 1869, by William Flummer & Co.: were bui-ned 
in 1!S7] ; rebuilt the fall of the same year by S. Kellogg & Co. Mr. Flummer purchased 
the interests of his partners in 1879. The mills contain three sets of buhi-s. Cosgrove 
rollers, etc., etc. The machinery is driven by a seventy-five horse-power engine. The 
building is three stories high, with basement, supplied with all the modus operandi of a 
tirst-class mill necessary for ciistom and merchant work. 

Van Landeghem & Son's stave factory was erected in the winter of 1862-63, by Bruno 
Van Landeghem. The building is -10x50 feet, supplied with (i-reenwood, Dougherty & 
Trevor machinery, drivej by a thirty horse-)>ower eugine. The product equals 7,000 cords 
annually- The factory and vard are valued at §11,0] 10. The additions made in 1881 are 
valued "at *rj,000. 

The saw-mill, hub and spoke factories now operated by this firm were purchased from 
Hall & Shook in 1881. The mill wbs built in 1871, by the last-named firm. The pres- 
ent operators hHve converted the hub and spoke department of the concern into a stave 
factory. - The lumber used is principally Canadian growth, and is rafted up the river to 
the saw-mill, where it is px-epared for the stave factory. The mill has a custom trade of 
5,000 cords annually, together with 1.0'J0,000 feet of lumber. A seventy horse-power 
engine drives the machinery. During the summer months, these industries give emjiloy- 
meut to 125 hands. 

Snook & Robinson's stave factory was erected in 1868 by Snook & White, who ope- 
rated it until 1873, when it became the property of the present owners. The concern was 
burned in March, 1875, entailing a net loss of $12,000. It was rebuilt by T. W. Snook 
as a stave and heading factory immediately after. The owners were among the first to in- 
troduce the Tomlin.son patent hoop machinery in 1874. The saw-mill was built in 1881, 
with all the advantages at the command of the firm. It is stated that orders already in 
from New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Detroit insure a steady business until Jidy, 
1883. Last year's product was 8,750,000 staves, together with the same number of head- 
ings. Steam power is used. The raw lumber is rafted to the mill, and there prepared 
for the factory. 

Lewis Brehler & Co.'s sash, door and blind factory was established August, 1868, by 
Potter & Ai-msby. The latter sold to Lewis in the fall of 1868. Five years later. Groes- 
beck purchased Potter's interest, and, in partnership witli Lewis, operated it until 1878. 
when the concern was purchased by the present firm. It is the pioneer sash, door and 
blind factory of the city. In its early days, it was a small shed, standing on elm posts; 
to-day, it is a two-story "building, 40x58 feet, with wing 20x20, shed 18x40, and storeroom 
20x60 feet, giving employment to fourteen men. A full line of best machinery, including 
the Tompkins planer and matcher, is in use. The machinery is driven by a fifteen horse- 
power engine. 

Kendi-ick's sash, door and blind factory and i)laniiig-mill is one of the principal man- 
ufactm-ing industries of the county. It was erected in the winter of 1874-75, by Benedict 
& Betts. In the summer of 1875^ Benedict sold his interest to Allor & Betts. who, a few 
months later, sold to F. G. Kendrick. Allor disposed of his interest to the present owner 
in April, 1881. The laain building is 40x60 feet, two stories high, with an addition 
26x78, and a wing, now being built. 22x60 feet. The concern furnishes timber for build- 
ing purposes, together with manufacturing articles of furniture Steam power is used in 
the various departments. The laud, buildings and machinery are valued at $11,000. 

Clinton River Brewery, established in 1873 by Aug Biewer, has a capacity of 1.000 



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barrels per annum. Trade is principally local. The main building is 90x45. with ice 
house '20x'24. and store 20x28. The grounds have 161 feet frontage. 

Mt. Clemens Lime Kilns were established in 1846. by Ed J. Tucker. He is the pres- 
ent owner of tne works, and a dealer in land plaster, calcimine plaster, cement, cut hair, 
sheathing paper, etc. 

Lufkin's Brickyard was established about lS5o, by Varuuiu Lufkin, who operated it 
successfully until his death, in January. 1880. I*- is now managed by Floyd Lufkin. 
During 1881. 675,000 bi'ick were made. The Quaker brick machine has been recently in- 
troduced; also, Pallet's drying system is used, being the only yard whei'eiu it is in use in 
this State. The capacity of the factory is 2,000,000 annually. 

This record of progress is very conciliating: but yet much remains to be done The 
first, and perhaps most important, work in which the city could engage, is that of laying 
down a wooden pavement from the Grand Trunk Railroad depot to the public s(piare, 
round the square itself, and thence easterly to the line of Harrison Township. The con- 
dition of the public thoroughfares of Mt. Clemens from November, 1881, to the beginning 
of the summer of 1882 was. to say the least, one which might characterize a village of the 
last centmy. The winter was a very exceptional one indeed. Throughout Macomb 
County, the atmosphere seemed to shower down mud, and when the atmospheric phenom- 
enon ceased, the very earth appeared to be undergoing a process of muddleizatiou. A street 
railway and paved thoroughfares are now the only rer[uisites to prove that this city keeps 
pace with the Century. In the personal history of the city, references are made to these 
and other industries. 



CLINTON TOWNSHIP. 

So much has been said and written already of this division of the county, that little 
remains to l)e told. Within the limits of Clinton, the Moravian missionaries and their 
converts of the Delaware Indians made their fli'st settlement in Michigan. Here, too, the 
lu-st American pioneers located, and hither may be said to come all the white Americans 
who made the county their home previous to its organization. The beginnings of Ma- 
comb County were made here, and here stands to-day that well-built jiile, the county court 
house, to show, as it were, that the spot which the first American settlers dedicated as the 
seat of justice for their county, is still guarded by their descendants and the many v.-ho 
have reaped the rewai-d of their early enterprise and industry. 

In the following brief sketch of the township's history, the names of the priucii)al 
town of&cers. from date of organization to the present time, are given. It is beyond the 
range of practicability to refer to the various acts of the different town boards or adminis- 
trations. That the well-being of this division of the county was their object cannot be 
doubted, since the present pros]ierous cordition. the growth of its educational affairs, and. 
we might add, the very habits, manners and customs of its population tell of precedents 
laid down by these township legislators and followed liy their constituents. 

OEG.\NIZATION. 

Clinton Township, or Town 1, in Range 12. and Towns 1, 3 and part of 2. in Ranges 
18 and 14. was erected April 12. and the first town meeting ordered to be held in the 
court house at Mt. Clemens May 2S. 1827. At the meeting held on the latter date, Will- 
1am Olds presided as Moderator, with Ephraim McCall, Clerk. The election resulted as 
follows: Job C. Smith, Supervisor; Thomas Ashley, Town Clerk; William Olds. Collector; 
Harvey Cook, Joseph Hayes and Joseph Sansfacon, Assessors; James Connor and Elisha 



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568 HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

Harringtou, Overseers of the Poor; Ezekiel Allen, James Connor and Elisha Harrington, 
Commissioners of Hiuhways; Silas Haley ami William Olds, Constables; James Connor, 
William Olds, Ephraim McCall and Peter Alor. Overseers of Highways; Hiram Atwood, 
John Miller and Charles Pivard. Fence Viewers; ^^'illiam McDonald, Poiuid keeper. 

A special meeting was called June 16, 1827. when Alfi'ed Ashley was erected Clerk, 
vice Thomas Ashley, resigned. Baptiste Eattell was chosen Pound-master, vice William 
McDonald, resigned; John Cotteral was elected a third Constable, and John Rhodes 
elected Overseer of Highways, vice James Connor. 

TOWN ROSTER. 

Supervisors— Job C. Smith, 1827-28; James Connor, 1828-29; Harvey Cook. 1829- 
30; John Stockton, 1830-33; Christian Clemens, 1833-35; Rodnov O. Cooler. 1835-36; 
Richard Butler, 1836-37; Rodney O. Coolev. 1837-38; Richard Butler. 1838-39; Pres- 
cott B. Thiu-ston. 1839-40; Chauncev G. Cadv, 1840-41; Isaac J. Grovier, 1841-42; 
Richard Butler, 1842-43: Porter Kibbee. 1843-45; David Shook, 1845-49; Anth-ew S. 
Robinson, 1849-50; Charles H. Carey, 1850-51; Chauncey G. Cady, 1851-52; Wesley 
Hinmau, 1852-54; Lemuel Sackett, 1854-56; Andrew S. Robertson, 1856-57; John 1. 
Trevor, 1857-59; Thomas L. Sackett, 1859-62; Joshua B. Dickenson, 1862-63; August 
Czizek, 1863-65; Thomas L. Sackett, 1865-68: John I. Trevor, 1868-69 : Thomas L. 
Sackett, 1869-70; George W. Robertson, 1870-75; Judson S. Farrar, 1875-79; Alfred W. 
Little, township, Judson S. Farrar. citv, James A. Cantield, Ai- hur Van Eps. 1879-80; 
William A. Rowley, township, Judson S Farrar, citv. Heurv W. Babcock. citv, Ai'thur E. 
Van Eps, city; 1880-81; William A. Rowley, township, William E. Hall, city, Henry W. 
Babcock. citv, Arthur E. Van Ejis. city, 1881-82. 

Clerks— Thos. Ashley, Alfred Ash lev, 1827; Eobt, P. Eldi-edge. 1828; Richard Butler, 
1829-31; Rodney O. Cooley. 1832-34; Elisha L. Atkins. 1835; Prescott B. Thurston. 1836- 
38; Henry U. Terry, 1839; Ira Stout, 1840-41; Giles Hubbard. 1842; Ira Stout, 1843-45; 
Andrew S. Robertson, 1846; Sam B. Axtell. 1847; Jesse Kibbee. 1848; Edward Fishpool. 
1849-50; George Scott, 1851-57; Charles B. Lee, 1857; Theo O. Leonard, 1858; George 
Scott, 1859-60; Abram Wise, 1861; George Scott. 1862-65; Charles Wood. 1866; F. H. 
Beney. 186^; George H. Pelton. 1868-71; John Trevidick. 18(1; Henry W. Babcock. 
1872-79; Joseph Lumens, 1879-80; Leslie H. Duncan. 1880-81; John T.Weiss, 1881-82. 

Collectors— William Olds. 1827-30; James C. Allen, 183(1; Hiram Atwood, 1831; 
William Olds. 1832; Charles S. Mather, 1833; Horace H. Cadv. 1834; Charles S.Mather, 
1835; Joseph Hubbard, 1836-38. 

' Treasurers — William Henry Wai-ner, 1839; Charles A. Emerson, 1840-41 ; Eleazer L. 
Goodman, 1842; Sylvanus Leonard, 1843-45; William Roy, 1846; George Dixon, 1847; 
Hiram Bentley, 1848-49; Harvey Kibbee, 1850-51; Dennis McCaffrey, 1852-53; James Feu- 
ton, 1854; John Bany, 1855; Varnmn Lufkin. 1856-57; MjTon White, 1858-59; A. 
Czizek, 1860-62: R. Steiger, 1863-64; John C. Riemold, 1865-68; Casper Peters, 1868- 
69; Edward Tremble, 1870-71: Trangott Lungerhausen, 1872-74; Victor A. Morass, 
1874-77; William E. Hall. 1877-78; George H. Pelton, 1878-79; John V. Wiegaud, 
1879-81; JohuPriehs, 1881-82. 

Justices of the Peace — The Justices appointed by the Governor of the Territory pre- 
vious to 1836 are referred to in the pages of the general history. William H. Warner. 
Prescott B. Thurston, Elisha L. Atkins, Israel Curtiss, 1836; Richard Butler. Joseph 
Cole, 1837; Thomas R. Boiu-ne. A. B. Adams, 1839; John Stockton, Robert Welter, 
1840; Chauncey G. Cady. 1841; T. B. Thm-ston. 1842; R. Weltes. 1843-17; John Stock- 
ton. 1844; Chauncey G. Cady, 1845; Allen P. Bentley, 1845-48; Lemuel Sackett, John 
Stockton. Fred Hatch, 1849; Porter Kibbee, 1850; Fred Hatch, 1851; Lemuel Sackett, 





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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



1853: Kobert B. Granbv, 1854; Fred Hatch, 1855-59; John Stockton, 1856-57; Henry 
P. Mitchell, 1857; Robert B. Grauby. 1858; John Stockton, 1860; Harlehigh Carter, 
1862; Fred Hatch, 1863; Robert B. Granby, 1864; John Stockton, 1865; James Whiting, 
1866; Lemuel Sackett, Charles Cox, 1867: Fred Hatch. 1868. John Stockton, 1869; 
George M. Crocker. 1870; John Mitchell, 1871; William L Cvirtiss, 1872; Charles S. 
Groesbeck, John T. Weiss, 1873; George M. Crocker, 1874; Patrick O'SuUivan, 1875; 
Chai-les S. Gioesbeck, 1876; John T. Weiss, 1877; Spencer B. Russell. 1878; Lewis A, 
Fox, Horace R. Beebe, 1879; Louis A. Fox, 1880; August Dietrich, 1881. Henry D. 
Terry was elected attorney for the township. 

SCHOOLS. 

Reference is made to the early schools of Mt. Clemens in the historj^ of that city. 
The first record of township school matters appears under date April 9, 1839, when Ebe- 
nezer Hall, Henry Taylor and Henry D. Terry formed the Board of School Inspectors. A 
second meeting of the board was held May 22, 1839, when it was ascertained that the rec- 
ord of schools, if such ever existed, could not now be found in the Clerk's office, and the 
board resolved, '"that there is no legal school district organized in the township of Clin- 
ton.'' A second resolution provided for the division of the township into school districts, 
which latter resolution was given effect to May 25. 1839, when the township was laid off 
into eight districts, the temtory in and adjacent to the incorporated village of Mt. Clemens 
forming No. 1 District. The amount of first school and library moneys apportioned to Clin- 
ton Township was only $90.40, the notice of apportionment being made in February, 1840. 

SCHOOL .STATISTICS OF THE PRESENT. 

The township is laid off into seven school districts and one fractional district. The 
directors for the year 1881-82 are Edgar Weeks, of the Mt. Clemens School, known as 
District No. 1: Meudon Dunham, of No. 2: Charles Dans, of No. 4; Robert E. Miller, of 
No. 5; Ernest Hagan. of No. 6; Michael Barry, of No, 7, and Norton Savage, of No, 10. 
Alfred Stead is Director of School No. 3. The total number of children, aged between 
five and ten jears, enumerated in the school returns as belonging to the township, is 1,552, 
of whom 935 are in District No. 1; 75 in District No. 2; 66 in District No. 4; 174 in 
District No. 5; 42 in District No. 6; 54 in District No. 7; 114 in District No. 10, and 92 
in fractional District No. 3. The two school brick buildings at Mt. Clemens, with other 
school property, are valued at S22,0OO. The other seven buildings in the township are 
valued at $3,500, showing the total value of school property in 1882 to be $25,500. The 
total sum paid the teachers of the township for the year ending September, 1881, was $4,- 
195, of which sum the teaching staff at Mt. Clemens received $3, 180. The total expendi- 
tures for the year ending September, 1881, amounted to $7,454,68. The public school 
fund yielded $1,634.52, the 1 mill tax, $1,565.65 and the balance received from the ordi- 
nary school revenue of the township. 

VILLAGES OF THE TOWNSHIP. 

The village of Cady, or Cady's Corner, is a small settlement composed chiefly of Ger- 
man farmers and their families, dating from 1834. It is on Clinton River, in the center 
of a rich agi'icultural region, about seventeen miles above Detroit, five southwest of Mt. 
Clemens, the county seat, and near Eraser Station, on the Grand Trunk Railway, to which 
depot goods should be shipped. It has a German Lutheran Chiu'ch and common school. 

Mt. Clemens was established an incorporated village in 1837. Warsaw, Frankfort, 
Marcellus, Frederick and other little centers of population wished to he incorporated. 
The first allowed its village charter to lapse, and did not re-seek incorporation until 1851; 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the other villages died away in Mo. The last building of Frederick is now a total wreck, 
its debris of timber and brick reminding the traveler of what the city of Mt, Clemens 
might have been had not the following citizens laid the foundations on which its present 
citizens built and continue to build: Christian Clemens. John Stockton. Giles Hubbard, 
Robert P. Eldredge, Thomas L. Sackett, William Cantield. Henry R. Babcock, M. D., 
Heniy Taylor, Sr., M. D., George Lee, M. D., Pemn Crawford, Dr. Hall. J. B. Dickinson, 
T. M. Cix)cker, Thomas Ashley, James L. Conger, Henry Harrington, Aaron Weeks. Varnum 
Lufkin, John Dixon, Abner C. Smith, Thomas M. Perry. Frederick Hatch, Henry D. Terry, 
Andi-ew S. Robertson. William Jenny. .John Stephens, Moore Stephens. Henry M. Dodge. 

PERSONAL HISTORY. 

History is a relation of facts, while biography is actually a history of the lives and 
characters of those men who caused such facts to have an existence. One should be in- 
separable from the other; and so apjaarent is this, so apparent has it been, that for some 
years we made it a practice to deal fully with the people who have made subject for the 
histories of our counties, and particularly with those whose intelligence now guides them 
to place couiidence in our work, to realize its value, to take an especial pride in its success. 
In the following sketches, it will be evident to the reader that an effort has been made to 
deal fairly with the people of this city. We owe them a bona fide history for the special 
support they have given the work. We owe them our thanks for the hearty co-operation 
extended to ourselves and to our employes. 



MOUNT CLEilENS AND CLINTON TOWNSHU'. 

LOUIS A. ALLOR. son of Louis Allor. of Trois Rivieres, near Quebec City, was 
born in Jefferson County, N. Y., October 2, 1835; came to St. Clair County, Mich., in 
November, 1852; to Macomb County in 18t)5 and settled in Ray Township; was foreman 
in Schmoors stave and sawmill, in St. Clair County, for two years; in Cooper & Lathrop's 
mill, at Richmond, for one year; farmed in Ray for a few years; in Snook & White's stave 
and heading mill for about two years; in Hazleton's heading factory, at Baltimore Station, 
for about two years; came to Mt. Clemens in 1875, and was partner with F. G. Kendrick, 
in sash, door and blind factory, until 1881, since which time he has had charge of the ma- 
chinery in Lewis & Brehler's j)laning-mill. Pi-evious to 18G2, he held the offices of Super- 
visor, Justice of the Peace and School Inspector, and was Notary Public for fom- years, 
and taught school in one district for ten terms before the war. In 18(52, he enlisted in 
Comj)auy E. Twenty-second Michigan Infantry; promoted Orderly Sergeant at muster-in; 
Second Lieutenant ' October, 18()2; First Lieutenant, July, 1803; Adjutant, June, 1804; 
was commissioned Captain by President Lincoln, but declined; was appointed Assistant 
Adjutant General Reserve Brigade, Division of the Cumberland, in 1804, which office he 
held until the close of the war. A reference to the military history of the county will 
point out the varied services of this soldier. Mr. Allor was married, in 1850, to Miss 
Octavia Landi-y, who died in 1859. He married Miss Mary Jean some time after, to whom 
were born four children, two of whom are living — Nellie and Elmer. Rolla was killed at 
the age of fifteen yeai-s by falling on a 8hai-)> stick in a hay rack; Ellen died from natural 
causes^ Fabien Jean, father of Mrs. Allor. was born in Clinton in 1805, and died October 
20, 18 /8. He man-ied Miss Magdaline Sear at an early date, and, after her death, married 
Miss V. Grilfard. He was the father of six children by his first wife and eight by his 
second. In the history of Chesterfield, a full reference is made to this native pioneer. 

HIRAM ATWOOD (deceased), son of Peter Atwood, was born in Vermont June 9, 
1801; was educated in the common schools of Vermont and Canada; settled on Section 1, 



iL, 



Clinton Township, in 1822, at a time when bear, deer and wolf would come leisurely to 
the dooryard. Mr. Atwood married Miss Fannie Cook, Maivh K', lS2r). They were the 
parents of three boys and one girl. After the death of this lady, he married Miss Aurilla 
A. Douglass, July 7, 1S38. to whom were born three boys and one girl. Of Mr. Atwood's 
children, Alonzo, Adeline, William and Phoebe A. are living: Charles, Sylvester, Richai-d 
and Hiram D. Atwood are deceased. Hiram D. Atwood was bom in Clinton Township. 
Macomb County, November 29, 1888; educated in Mt. Clemens schools and was a farmer. 
He married INIiss Allie M. Watterson, in 1865, daughter of Robert Watterson, of Vernon. 
N. Y. They were the parents of three children — Mary C, Agnes C. and Luallie. Mr. 
Atwood died December HI. 1881. 

FRED S. AVERY, partner with F. M. Sackett, born at Ann Arbor, Mich., is a son of 
Frederick Avery, the original proprietor of the Cook House, at Ann Arbor, and now one 
of the proprietors of the Mt. Clemens Mineral Springs. He was educated at Ann Arbor 
and at Helmuth College. London. Ontario; came to Mt. Clemens in 1879. and mai-ried 
Miss Jennie Sackett, daughter of the late Hon. Thomas Sackett, May 8, 1881. Sackett & 
Avery's boot and shoe store was established in the spring of 1879, by George C. Fenton, 
who sold his interest to F. M. Sackett soon after. The present firm took charge of busi- 
ness in May, 1881 : keep a good assortment of line goods, and pay that attention to busi- 
ness which insures succes'% 

HENRY M'. BABCOCK was born at Mt. Clemens December 1, 1842: son of Henry 
R.. deceased, an early settler of Macomb. Mr. B. was educated at Mt. Clemens and at 
the normal school of Ypsilanti: served three years in the wai" he enlisted as a drummer- 
boy in Company C, Fifth Michigan Infantry, under Capt. Trowbridge, of Saginaw; 
served in the regiment nine moaths and left after the seven days' tight at Harrison's 
Landing. He then went into the hospital at Harrison's Landing as dispensing clerk; 
went thence to Craney Isle, Va. , where he tilled the same office for a few months; then 
detailed on transport service for two mouths, and the remainder of the time (three years) 
was in Medical Purveyor's office, under Dr. J. Bernard Brinton. Assistant Surgeon United 
States Army: retiu-ning subsequently, he tilled the same office as a civilian until the close 
of the war. He purchased a drug store in l8t)5 from J. S. Farrar, in Metropolitan Block, 
where he still continues the business. Mr. Babcock was manager of the Western Union 
Telegraph office here for twelve years; was Town Clerk four yeai-s, Corporation Recorder 
for three years and City Clerk for two years. He was also Secretary of the Macomb 
County Agricultural Society four years. He is now Siipervisor — second term. Mr. Bab- 
cock married. May 10, 186"), Miss Maria F. Bonnie, a niece of Lemuel Sackett, a pio- 
neer of Macomb County. They are the parents of sis children — Bernard B. . Blanche B. , 
Delia F., Henry R., Frank and Courtney G. The drug business of -Mr. B. amounts to 
about $8,000 annually. Dr. H. R. Babcock died Thursday. September 28, 187<), aged 
sixty-two: was the father of six children, of whom two are living — H. W. Babcock and 
Mi-s. J. H. Westendorf. He came to Mt. Clemens in the year 1887: graduated at Fairfield 
Medical College, in the State of New York, at the age of twenty-two years; was one of 
the first original members of the Macomb County Medical Association: he carried on the 
drug business in connection with his profession from the year 1848 up to 1861: was Post- 
master twelve years. 

JOSEPH BARNEY, owner of fish market, was born at Chatham. Canada. May 1 T), 
1848: son of Joseph Barney, of Quebec, a French Canadian, who settled at Detroit in 
1844. !Mr. Barney was engineer on a lake boat for many years. In 1857. the family 
moved to Mt. Clemens. In June, LStil, he enlisted in Company B, Fifth Michigan In- 
fantry, and served with that famous command until his discharge. He was made prisoner 
at the Wilderness, held for five months, when he was exchanged. He was again taken at 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Gettysburg, and passed some time in Libby and Belle Isle Prisons; was wounded and 
carries a bullet in lower limb. He married Miss Jane E. Sawyer, of Canada, December S, 
ISIi'.t, to whom six children were born. Three are living — Joseph W., Jane and James. 
Mr. Barney established the first regular fish market in the city in 1878. Previous to that 
time, peddlers supplied the villagers. A toy, notion an'l candy store is connected with 
the market. 

MINARD BARR was born in Wayne County, within four miles of Detroit, August 
29, 18;52. His father was Reuben C. Barr. of New York, In 184."), Mr. Barr left home 
to seek employment at Detroit. There he worked at the cabinet trade for two years; sub- 
sequently, he learned the carpenter's trade, and followed it until l8r)4, when he left De- 
troit. He came to Macomb County in 1857, having devoted the previous two years to 
extensive travel throughout the States. 

GEORGE H. BEATY was born at Burlington, Vt., May 20, 1822, locating in Ma- 
comb in 18r)r); in 1857, he brought his family hither. He was married, in 1849, to Miss 
Jane Gilbert, of Vermont, to whom two children were born —Charles B. and Carrie. The 
former married Miss Pearl Van Fleet, and resides on homestead. The family are mem- 
bers of the Protestant Episcojjal Church. 

HORACE R. BEEBE, born in Allegany County, N. Y., November 28, 1828; son of 
Horace Beel^e, of Massachusetts, who settled in New York at an early day, and who came 
with his family to Wayne County, Mich., in 1884; was educated in the schools of Wayne 
— at that time, when a log cabin and slab benches formed the district school-room. He 
came to this county in 1857, and located lands on Section 28, Clinton, where he now owns 
a farm of forty five acres. He was married, in 1858, to Miss Philancia Bras, to whom 
eight children were born — Bela, Cora E.. Ina E., Samuel H., Lucy E., Ira W. , Bertha L. 
and Eva V. Mr. B. is a member of Grange; has been Highway Commissioner for about 
nine years, and is running for second term as Justice of the Peace, together with filling 
other offices. 

WILLIAM BEER, born in Somersetshire, England, in December, 1791; came to 
New Jersey in I81f), and to New York City in 1817. He retui'ued to New Jersey in 
1828, where he was engaged in farming until he went to Macomb County, in l885; 
here he entered land fi'om the Government and brought his family late in 188'); 
engaged in the saw-mill business in the fall of 188(), building a mill in company with 
James Shook. He took contracts on the canal in 1889, and constiiicted all the locks be- 
tween Mt. Clemens and Utica. He was one of the company that built the first fiouring- 
raill at Mt. Clemens, which was afterward burned. Mr. B. was mairied in England in 
1811, to Sai'ah Hollidge, to whom sis children were born, three of whom are living — 
Mary A. (Hall), William and Hemy. Mrs. B. died at an early day. He maiTied his 
present wife in 1820, who is still living. Mr. and Mrs. B. celebrated their golden wed- 
ding in 1870. Mr. B. was one of the tir.st officers of the village of Mt. Clemens; has 
been always identified with its interests, and is supposed to be the senior in ago of all the 
old folks in the village, 

MICHAEL BENBENNEK, sou of Michael, deceased, was born in Prussia, Germany, 
October 11, 1828; came to Macomb County in 185t), and located in Erie Township ou a 
farm which he rented for three years. In 1859, he bought thirty acres of timbered land 
in Sterling Township, which he cleared and sold, buying another tract of forty acres; of 
this he cleared twenty four acres, built a house and barn and planted an extensive orchard. 
He located on a rented farm in Clinton in 18r)8, remaining there two years, until his pur- 
chase of eighty acres on Section 28, where he now owns a well-cultivated farm of 100 acres. 
He was man'ied, in 1848, to Miss Josephine Ketchmark. Of eleven children born to this 
union, seven are living — Au^uat, Hermann, Michael, Albert, Mina, Elizabeth and Emma. 



^Fc 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUXTY. 



iL^ 



The three older bovs and Mina are married. The family belong to the Catholic 
Church. 

FRANCIS H. BENTLEY. jeweler, was born in Scottsville, near Rochester, N. Y. , 
Januaiy 2."), IS-iT: son of Hiram, native of Western New York. Mr. B. came with his 
family to Mt. Clemens in the fall of 1840, and established the second jewehy store in the 
village, which he conducted until his death, in iSaS. Francis H. Bentley's father. Hiram 
Bentley, was born December 22, 1811: died January 81, 1858. His mother, Mrs. AnneC. 
(Fosmire) Bentley, was born April 8, 1818. Their children were: Francis H. Bentley, 
born .Januar_y 25, 1887; Albert M.. born June 11. 18-12, and Alice S.. born November 14, 
1848. F. H. B. at his father's death took charge of the business, and has conducted it 
since, with the exception of two years passed at Rochester. He married Miss Maria 
Lovell. of England, in December. 18fi2. daughter of Levi Lovell: they are the parents of 
two children — Susie and Jenny. He has been Town Clerk one term; is a member of the 
I. O. O. F. and of the Protestant Episcopal Chvirch. 

A.LVIN C. BRANDY, son of Alvin Bi^a ndy, a native of Vermont, of German ex- 
traction, was born four miles above BixJekviTle.lSanada, on St. Lawrence River, November 5, 
1828. He came with his family to Mt. Clemens in 1880, and settled in Clinton Town- 
ship, where he was educated. He visited California in 1858, where he was engaged in 
mining and farming until 185M. when he returned to Mt. Clemens. He mastered the car- 
penter's art without instruction, aud followed that trade with success. He was married, 
in September, 18()0. to Mi-s. Olive McCall, daughter of Daniel Frink, to whom three chil- 
di-en were born. viz.. Greorge. E. Belle and Jennie, the latter deceased. Mr. B. is a mem- 
ber of the A., F. & A. M. and R. A. M. ; has held the offices of Marshal and Street Com- 
missioner of Mt. Clemens, where he has been favorably known for the last half centm-y. 

ALBERT BREHLER, born at Prussia. Germany, April 28, 1840, son of Andre.v 
Brehler, of Prussia, who settled in Canada in 1847, aud at Detroit in 18(')4, came to Ma- 
comb County in IHCtiK Mr. B. married Miss Rosena Weiss, June 14. 18(14, to whom were 
born eight children — Edward. John, Mary, Josephine, Katie. Francis, Joseph and An- 
drew. He has been connected with the sash, door and blind factory since August. 1878. 
The family belong to the Catholic Chm-ch. 

JOHN E. BREHLER. son of Andrew Brehler. who came to America in the year 
1847, and settled in the county of Waterloo, Canada, was born September 19, 188(). 
Coming to Detroit in the year 1854, he engaged in the grocery business, continuing the 
same until 1808; came to Mt. Clemens and located on a farm three miles west of Mt. 
Clemens; lived on the farm two years; came to Mt Clemens in 1870, where, in partnershij) 
with his brother. Thomas B. Brehler. he started the hrst regular can-iage manuf actiu-ing shop 
in Mt. Clemens: in LS78, he sold his interest in the concern to his brother; bought the 
half interest of Charles Groesbeck in the sash. door, and blind factory of Lewis & Groes- 
beck. in 1875, which he owns at the present time; in April. ISSl, he 0]>ened a dry goods store, 
in company with Arthur Deziel, to whom he disposed of his interest in January. 1882. 
John E. Brehler married Miss Charlotte A. Campau, daughter of Maj. James Campau, of 
Detroit. November 12. 1861; ili-s. John E. Brehler died February 20, 1.SS2; leaving a 
family of six children living: Belle C. Lula M., Maud E., Alex A.,' Blanch M.. Edgar C. 
"Mi. Brehler was elected Aldenuau in ISSl. His record shows him to be a man of thor- 
ough enteii^rise. The family belong to the Catholic Chiu'ch. 

HARRY BRIGGS was born at Potter, Yates Co., N. Y.. July 18, 1882; son of Abel 
Briggs. deceased, from one of two brothers who came from England early in the seven- 
teenth century. Mr. B. lived on the old homestead until thirty-two years of age; worked 
for some time at the car])enter and joiner's trade; came to Mt. Clemens in 1872. and 
brought his family hither in 1878. He was a dealer in fruit trees here for over three 



fc. 



years: is now auctioneer at public sales, and is said to be the senior as well as the best 
patronized salesman in the county. He was married, in 18()4, to Miss Elvira H. Stephen- 
sou, daughter of Daniel B. Stephenson, of New York, to whom one child was born. Mr. 
B. is a Deacon in the Baptist Church, a member of F. & A. M. and a Good Templar. 

WILLIAM BROOME; son of Thomas Broome, of Shi'opshire, England, was born in 
that country in December, 1828; was educated there and resided there until ](S52, when 
he left for Canada. In the fall of 1853 he came to Michigan. In 1881, he was ap- 
pointed Deputy Sherifi", which position he now occupies. Mr. Broome was married to 
Miss Catharine Bolty, April 21, ]8()<), to whom were born three children, of whom two 
are living — Mary M. and Thomas H. Mrs. Broome died in 1878; in 1N74, he married 
Mrs. Catharine Conner, who is the mother of one child — Lillian E. Broome. The family 
belong to the Methodist Ejuscopal Church. 

CALVIN BUSH, sou of Orry Bush, of Massachusetts, was bom in Rensselaer County. 
N. Y., July 4, 1824. In 181)5, moved to Livingston Couuty, N. Y.. where he was -Ugaged 
in manufacturing paper until 1870, when he came to Mt. Clemens. He serv d in th late 
war as First Lieutenant, Company E, Ou' Hundred and Tweuty-tifth New York Infantry. 
In 1870, he engaged in lumbering, rafted logs from Lake Huron, manufactured lumber 
at Mt. Clemens mill, in which he had an interest, and continued in this business until 
1870. He was married, in 1858, to Miss Maiy E. Janes, of the historic Janes family, to 
whom were born two children — William A. and Lizzie M. The former is a citizen of Green- 
wood Couuty, Kan. 

RICHARD BUTLER was born on Grosse Island, of the river of Detroit, April 1, 
1797, and removed to Gostield, Canada, soon after with his parents. Owing to the death 
of his father, he was apprenticed to a Pennsylvania Dutch farmer in 1802, for whom he 
labored until he obtained his majority. During all those years, his employer denied him 
all chances of education, requiring from him an incessant round of hard work. Mr. But- 
ler entered upon a course of self- instruction in 1821; moved to Detroit September 22 of 
that year, where he continued his studies; subseqixeutly, taught school there for a term 
of years, which school was attended by the childi-en of Gen. Cass and many others, who 
are now prominent citizens of Detroit. Mr. B. also taught school at Mt. CJemens and at 
other places within this county; he entered mercantile life in Detroit and pm'sued it for a 
short time, imtil his removal to Mt. Clemens, in 1828. He was commissioned County 
Clerk in 1829 by Gen. Cass; soon after, appointed Justice of the Peace, holding each 
office for a term of four years; he was appointed Register of the United States land office 
at Sault de St. Marie by Milhu-d Fillmore, which office he held diu-ing that administra- 
tion. Mr. B. studied law without the aid of instructors and was admitted to the bar of 
Macomb County in 1884, from which time until 1865, he made the practice of his profes- 
sion very success Eul; he inaugurated the Macomb Statemuaii in 1887; held the office of 
Prosecuting Attorney, as noticed in the organic chapter: was admitted to the Supreme 
Com't of the United States, at Washington, and elected member of the State Legislatm-e, 
particulars of which election are given in the political chapter of the general histoiy. 
His marriage with Miss Abigail Hayes took place in August, 1827, to whom were born fom- 
children, one of whom — Milton H. I5utler~- dwells on the old homestead, immediately south 
of Mt. Clemens City. Mr. B. is now in his eighty-fifth year, and only sufi'ei-s deafness 
occasioned by a fall in 1805. His visits to Mt. Clemens are made almost daily, he per- 
forming the joiu-ney on foot. During his sixty-four years' citizenship of Macomb 
County, he has proved a leader in all matters which promise good to the county, and now 
in his old age looks back to the past with pleasure and forward to the future with higher 
hopes. 

CALKINS & DAHM, druggists, purchased the business established in 1870 by L. H. 



~5> V 



L^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Duncan, from George H. Crane, the owner since 1878, in January, 1882. The stock kept 
by this iirm is large and well selected; drugs, medicines, toilet articles, bathers' and fish- 
ers" supplies, soda fountains, etc., go to make up a store which compares favorably with 
the general retail di'ug stores of om' large cities. The offices of the Atlantic & Pacific and 
Western Union Telegraph Companies are located in the store; it also connects with the 
Telephone Exchange. H. W. Calkins, member of the firm of Calkins & Dahm. was born 
at Howell, Mich., in June, 1851'); graduated P. H. C. from Ann Ai-bor in 1878; engaged in 
the di'ug business at South Lj'on. Mich., until forming a partnership with ]VIi\ Dahm. in 
December, 1881. He was maiTied to Miss Mattie McNaines. of Ann Arbor, in 1878. 

WILLIAM M, CAMPBELL was born in Livingston County, N. Y., September 27, 
1817; son of John Campbell, of Scotland, who came to the United States in 1794, and 
died in 1827. Mi". Campbell's battles with the world began in his youth. After the 
death of his father, he vowed never to use intoxicating liquor or tobacco, which vow has 
been religiously observed by him. He labored on a farm iintil seventeen years old. Came 
to Mt. Clemens m 188(), where he taught school for one year; then retiu-nedto New York, 
where he lived on a farm dm-ing summer and taught school dm'ing winter. In the fall of 
1842, he settled permanently in Macomb, taught the Cady District School that winter; 
subsequently, he engaged in the manufacture of piunps at Mt. Clemens; was traveling 
agent for about twenty years, but throughout has given a marked attention to agriculture. 
He made the first Free-Soil speech ever made in Michigan, on the public square of Mt. 
Clemens, and received the nomination for State Senator from Free-Soilers and Whigs, 
when he ran ahead of his ticket. Mi'. Campbell married Mary E. Sackett, of Mom-oe 
County. N. Y., January 17, 1844, to whom was born one child — William T. Mrs. Camp- 
bell is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Campbell is a member of the I. O. O. F. 

WILLIAM T. CAMPBELL was born at what was once known as the village of Fred- 
erick, Clinton Township, August 14, 1849: is the son of William M. Campbell, referred 
to in these pages. He was married to Miss Mary Hubbard, daughter of the late Giles 
Hubbard, December 15, 1870. They are the pai-ents of four children, three of whom are 
living —Bessie, Blanche and George. Mr. Campbell devotes much attention to the train- 
ing of fast horses, and keeps sixtv-five cows in connection with a dairy. 

ARTHUR L. CANFIELD,'member of the Macomb County bar, was born at Mt. 
Clemens January 27, 1844. Mr. C. received his education in the schools of Mt. Clem- 
ens, graduating fi-om the Union School in 1862. He studied at the Ypsilanti Seminary 
for two years; subsequently, entered the law office of Giles Hubbard and completed his 
com-se of law studies under Knight & Jennison, of Detroit; he was admitted to the bar 
before the Supreme Court in 1866; located at Mt. Clemens in 1867, where he has since 
resided and where he has made the practice of law a complete success. He held the po- 
sition of Circuit Court Commissioner for fom' years; was nominated by the Republicans 
for Senator in 187<>, but declined the honor; was City Attorney for three years; above all, 
he is a lawver, to which busiue.ss he gives his undivided attention. His father, William 
Canfield, was an old resident of Mt. Clemens, who located in the little village in 1829. 
He married a daughter of Judge Clemens, the founder of the village, and made the vil- 
lage his home until his decease. 

AUGUSTUS H. CANFIELD. sou of William Canfield. who died in 1877, was born 
on the homestead adjoining the city limits on North Gratiot street, June 11, 1841; was 
educated at Mt. Clemens and at the Agricultural College. Lansing; entered the United 
States military service with the Ninth Michigan Infantry; was transferred in 1862 to 
Company G, and commissioned Second Lieutenant; in the fall of 1862, he was transferred 
to Company H, and commissioned First Lieutenant; in 186H, he was commissioned Ad- 
jutant, and discharged with that rank in 1864. After a stay of three months at home, he 



11^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



left for Chattanooga. Tenn., wiiere he remained one year. He visited New York City, in 
October. 1S()0. and entered the em))loy of the wholesale hat, cap and fnr house of Will- 
iams »fc Wliittlesey, whom he rej)resented in Michigan for live years. In 1871. he en- 
gaged in the grocery business at Detroit; sold his stock in 1878, and entered the employ 
of Ives, Miu'phy & Gore, of New York City, whom he represented in Michigan for two 
years, retiu'uing to the homestead in 1875, where he now follows farming. Mr. C. was 
maiTied to Miss Alice Benton. His first wife was the mother of Guy M. Cantield. He 
was the first Master of the County Grange of Patrons of Husbandry, and is now holding 
the same jiosition. 

OLIVER CHAPATON, a leading citizen of Macomb County for fifty-two years, and 
one of the most energetic and enterprising business men of Mt. Clemens City, was born at 
Detroit January 18. I82(j. He is a lineal descendant of Dr. Louis Chapaton, surgeon, at- 
tached to the French Army of Occupation, who arrived in Detroit about 171 '2. Oliver 
Cha])aton came to Mt. Clemens in the fall of 1880, while yet it was a hamlet of a dozen 
small houses. He was a merchant for thirteen years ; Treasui-er of Macomb ten years, and 
is now part owner of the steamers City of Mt. Clemens and S. H. Johnson, engaged 
in the carrying of lumber between Saginaw Bay and other lake ports. Mr. C. was one of 
the organizers of the Mt. Clemens Savings Bank in 1877. He was its first President, 
with J. W. Porter, first Cashier. He still holds the same position, while G. A. Skinner is 
now Cashier. The capital stock of the bank is $50,000. The business is well managed 
and is a very important factor in the economic concerns of the city. 

REV. M. A. CHURCHILL, sou of Charles P. Churchill, of Vermont, now of Buffalo, 
N. Y., was born at Buffalo. July 0, 1845; graduated from Rochester University, New 
York, in 1871, and from Rochester Theological Seminary in 1874; he served as missionary 
of the American Baptist Missionary Union in China for three years, leaving for that post 
in September, 1874, and returning to the United States in January. 1878, on account of 
illness; he was pa.stor of the Baptist Church at Northville. Mich., from September, 1878, 
to September, 1870; he took charge of Hope Mission at Buffalo. January 1. 1880; he con- 
tinued there until January, 1881; became pastor of Mt. Clemens Baptist Church May 1, 
1881. He was mai-ried, June 25, 1874, to Miss Jennie R. Hoyt. of Penn Yan. N. Y., to 
whom was born one child — Charles Hoyt. This lady died at Yokohama. Japan, Decem- 
ber 17, 1S75. October 80, 1878, he mai-ried for his second wife. Miss Eleanor E. Ches- 
nutwood, of Brooklyn, N. Y., then of Buffalo, to whom were born two children — Mary A. 
and Sue O. 

JOHN M. CLEVELAND, proprietor Shackleton House, was born at Thorold. On 
tario, October 8, 1821: son of the late Joshua Cleveland, a native of Connecticut. Mr. 
C. is a cooper, but has not worked at the trade since 1872. He came to Mt. Clemens in 
1870, and sold the Howe Sewing Machine here for eight years. Together with his hotel 
business, he holds the position of janitor of the city school buildings. He was married 
to Miss Margaret Swayze in 184t). They were the parents of seven childi-en, four of 
whom are living — MaiT, Phcebe, Seward and Searford. the latter twins. Mr. C. is a mem- 
ber of the M. E. Chm-ch. 

JOSEPH COLE (deceased) was born in .Saratoga County, N. Y. , January 24, 1/92; 
came to Macomb County in 1884, and located lands in Clinton Township. He was one of 
the early sm-veyors of the county. Mr. Cole married Miss Sarah Macomber, of Greenfield, 
N. Y., February 25, 1812, daughter of Mr. Macomber, of Columbia, N. Y. They were 
the parents of eleven children, viz., Catharine A, Ann., Jeanette, Lydia P., Martha, 
Sai-ah M., Cynthia M., Emily L., Sans L., Harriet, Phoebe E. Mrs. Martha Stout, of 
Alpena, Mich., is one of the children of this old settler. Mr. Cole died while visiting his 
daughter at Bay City, July 81, 1878. 



4 



M- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



JULIUS F. COULON was born at Newgen, Prussia, October 2(1. 184r): camf to the 
United States iu lSo<). and settled in Clinton Township. He married Miss Cathai'ine 
Kaiser. November 21. 1872. who was born August IH. LS4U. They are the parents of 
three children — Otto, aged eight years. Alloin E. . live years, and William C. Mr. Coulon 
was educated in the schools of Xewgen; was a soldier in the Regular Prussia Infantry for 
twenty-two months, from which he was honorably discharged. In this township, he has 
held the office of Highway Commissioner for two years. The family are members of the 
Lutheran Chiu'ch congregation. 

HENRY CONNER was born on the Conner homestead, one mile from Mt. Clemens. 
October 25, 1818, now proprietor of the Sherman House: is the son of John Conner, a 
veteran of the war of 1812, who was made prisoner by the British, taken to Halifax, ex- 
changed after the treaty of peace, and died at Romeo, aged ninety years. In the general 
history of the county, a full reference is made to the pioneer, Richard Conner, who was 
uncle of John Conner and father of Heniy Conner. Henry Conner married Anna Cran- 
age, January 20, 1848. to whom were born five children — Mary E. , Edward H.. Helen R., 
Walter J. and Han-v A. 

CHARLES D." CRITTENDEN, born in Ontario County, Phelps Township, N. Y., 
April 10, 182 i ; son of John C. of Massachusetts, who went to Rhode Island when sixteen 
years old and to Orleans County, N. Y.. in 1S14. and of Ph<ebe Goodi'ich. of whom 
Charles D. Crittenden is the third son: came with his family to Chesterfield in 1S81, and 
settled on Section 18, where his father still lives, aged eighty-six years. Mr. C. resides 
on part of the old homestead. For fifteen winters he was engaged in the lumbering busi- 
ness, devoting his attention to farming dm-ing the summers; he married Miss Knight, 
March, 1855, to whom three children were born — Thurston, Frank and Nettie. He is a 
member of the Masonic order; was Supervisor two years. Township Treasurer, two years, 
Superintendent of the Poor, eight years, and is the owner of :i24 acres of valuable land iu 
this county. 

EDWIN F. CRITTENDEN, born at Junius. Seneca Co., N. Y.. Jamiary 22. 1.^24; 
is the son of John Crittenden, of Massachusetts, who came to New York in 18ir), and set- 
tled with his family in Michigan in 1881. Mr. C Sr., is still a resident of the county, 
and, though aged eighty-six years, is compai'atively active. E. F. Crittenden was raised 
on the fann and educated in the common schools. He experienced all the joys and sor- 
rows of pioneer life: he married Miss Henrietta Wilson in 1851. who was the mother of 
William W. After the death of his first wife, he married Miss Martha Briggs. of Penn 
Yan, N. Y., December 7, 186S. The family moved into Mt. Clemens in 1S7(). 

WILLIAM G. CRITTENDEN was born iu Chesterfield Township January 10, 1835, 
son of John C, of Massachusetts, who still resides in Chesterfield, at the age of eighty- 
six. His grandfather, John Crittenden, died in this county about 1852 or 1853, aged 
ninety years and five months. John C. came to Macomb in 1831. William G. Crittenden 
engaged in business in 1855; ran threshing machine for foiu'teen years: taught school 
during nine winter terms; bought forty acres of timber land in 185(), which he sold in 
1862; built a steam sawmill in Lenox Township, in company with R. R. Robinson, in 
18f)2; sold his interest to Robinson in 18()3; bought pine land in Midland County, Mich., 
in 1864, and lumbered thence- from the winter of that year until 1870. He piu'chased an 
interest in 600 acres of pine land in Saginaw in 1869, and carried on hmiber operations 
there for one winter. This land he sold to difl'erent parties. During the next three 
years, he worked on the farm and at the carpenter's bench during summers, and in the 
lumber woods diu'ing the winters, until 1874. He came to Mt. Clemens in 1875: worked 
at carpenter's trade until 1876, when he engaged in the grocery and grain trade, with H. 
C. M^hite as partner. He established a large hardware store at Mt. Clemens in Septemljer. 



^^ 



:(^ 



iht. 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



1880, with Robert Posner as partner. Mr. Crittonden married Miss Jane Hathaway, 
daughter of Julius Hathaway, an old settler of Armada, in January, 1879, to whom two 
children were born. The Crittenden & Posner hardware store is replete in the amount 
and variety of stock carried. It is estimated that the annual sales amount to $30. ()(•<). 

GEORGE M. CROCKER, son of Samuel Crocker, of Vermont, was born at Green- 
ville. Bond Co., 111., August 9, 184S. His father settled in Illinois about 1840, where he 
was Sheriff of Bond County for several years. Mr. Crocker was educated in Greenville, 
again at the Normal at Bloomington, and lastly at Newbmy, Vt. He came to Mt. Clem- 
ens in 18()7, where he entered the law office of his uncle, T. M. Crocker, who was then 
Probate Judge. He was admitted to the bar in April, 1870; was elected Justice of the 
Peace and Circuit Coiu't Commissioner same year; Prosecuting Attorney in 187(); re- 
elected in 1878; Mayor of Mt. Clemens City in 1879; re-elected in 1880. He married 
Katharine, daughter of Joshua B. Dickinson, September 6, 1870, to whom wei'e born six 
children, live of whom are living — George D. , Katharine, J. R., Margaret and Mary. Mr. 
Crocker is connected with the Masonic Lodge of Mt. Clemens, and with the Romeo Com- ^ 
maudery of Knights Templar. His record since coming to Mt. Clemens points out dis- 
tinctly a man who has secured popular esteem by industry and integrity. 

THOMAS MARTIN CROCKER was born in Pawlet, Rutland Co.. Vt., November 
-!8. 1825. He was the youngest of five children born to Thomas Crocker and Maiy 
Hooker, who were married in December. 1814. The Crockers were among the earliest 
settlers in Plymouth Colony, Mass. The exact date of their immigration cannot now with 
certainty be determined, bi;t they were in the colony as early as 1034, and the branch from 
which he descends soon after that date settled in Barnstable County, Mass. Mary Hooker, 
the mother, was a descendant of the Rev. Thomas Hooker, who. with the people of his 
church, took their flocks and herds through the wilderness from Massachusetts and foimded 
the Hartford colony in Connecticut in 1(535. Mr. Crocker was early taught to work upon 
the farm, and here he formed the habits of industry which still remain with him. The 
common schools of Pawlet and Granville not affording all the advantages desired, he was 
sent for several terms to a private school taught by Lyman Chandler, a graduate from 
Vermont University. He removed, in April, 1844, to Macomb County. In 1846 and 
1847, he attended the school taught by Peter Moyers, at Rochester, Micli. In May, 1849, 
he was married to Fandira Emery, with whom he reared a family of fine children. He 
removed to New Baltimore in December, 1851. In the spring of 1852, he was elected 
Justice of the Peace, and served a term of fotir years. In that then changing and increas- 
ing population, there was much litigation, and he had many suits brought before him. 
Finding his knowledge of tne law unsatisfactory to himself, he purchased a small law library 
and commenced in earnest the study of his future profession, and so careful was he in the 
consideration of the cases submitted for his judgment that no case where an appeal was 
taken from his decision was reversed in either the Circuit or Supreme Court. At the Jan- 
uary term in 1859. Mr. Crocker applied for admission to the bar. The com-t was then 
held by the Hon. S. M. Green, who appointed the venerable Richard Butler, the Hon. 
Andrew S. Robertson and Giles Hubbard as Committee of Examination. After his admis 
sion. he entered ujion an active and large practice, and he has frequently been heard to 
remark that business came to him as rapidly as he could properly qualify himself to attend 
to it. In the general election in 18()"2. he was elected Prosecuting -Vttorney. having a ma- 
jority of eighty-five votes over his popular competitor, the Hon. E. F. Mead. In Novem- 
ber. 18(34, he was elected Judge of Probate, and served one term of four year's. He failed 
to be re-elected in 18()8, as the party to which he belonged was then in the minority. In 
November, 18(>2, the Hon. Giles Hubbard proposed to him a co-partnership, which was 
accepted, and he removed with his family to Mt. Clemens. The business relations then 



T 



sjV 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



entered upon between him and Mr. Hubbai'd continuetl until the death of Mr. Hubbard, 
November (i, 187(i. In ISfiT, Mr. Crocker was elected n member of the Constitutional 
Convention. Acting with the minority, he took part in the deliberations of that body, 
whose labors were so signally defeated by the people upon the submission of the constitu- 
tion to them. He served twelve years on the Mt. Clemens School Board, taking an active 
part in raising the grade and character of the school. He was elected President of the 
village in 1S74, and served four successive terms. He has been City Attorney since the 
adoption of the city charter, and in whatever capacity he has served the people, he has 
steadily and unfalteringly advocated systematic progress. Mi'. Crocker has been twice 
m;uTied, his present wife being the second daughter of the late John I. Traver, and widow 
of the well-known Moore Stephens. Upon the death of Mi'. Hubbard, Mr. Crocker formed 
a copartnership with H. B. Hutchius, the husband of his eldest daughter, which copart- 
nership still continues. As an attorney, Mr. Crocker stands in the front rank. He was 
gifted by nature with a logical mind, which has been developed by study and discipline. 
If Mr. Crocker, in the ])resentation of cases, is noted for one thing more than another, it 
is his habit of independent reasoning from tirst principles. Although an earnest student 
of reported cases, he is in no sense a case lawyer. He looks npon the law not as a mere 
budget of decisions, but rather as a comprehensive fi-ame work of principles. Thoroughly 
devoted to his profession, active, industrious and untiring in his work, he has always en- 
joyed the confidence and esteem of his clients, and the respect and friendship of his asso- 
ciates at the bar. Mr. Crocker has ever been a Democrat, Ijelieving the elementary princi- 
ples of that party those best calculated for the safety and prosperity of our Government. 
He has been on several occasions ofl'ered the nomination for Congress in this district, but 
his duties to his family and his clients have so far prevented him from accepting the 
honor. 

AUGUSTUS CZIZEK, son of Yensel Czizek, of Bohemia, was liorn in Prussia Septem- 
ber 17, 183:-^; came to Detroit in 1854, andtoMt. Clemens in 1S5<.): he, in partnership with 
Charles Ulrich, operated the fii'st butcher-shop in the village, and, buying Mr. Ullrich's in 
terest, managed the business until his death, April 4, ISfiS. Mi'. Czizek was married, No- 
vember '22, 18ot\ to Gertrude Rosscopp, daughter of John Rosscopp, who came to Detroit 
fi'om Germany in 1854. andtoMt. (Jlemens in 18")<). Of ten children born to this marriage, 
five ai'e living, namely: Annie, now ISIi's. B. Yanlandeghem, Jr.; Anthony, John, Jacol) 
and Caspar. The family belong to the Catholic Church. 

ZEPHANLAH DAYISON, a native of Vermont, married :Mi's. Olive Davison, a native 
of Bethel, Vt.. at Pittsford. N. Y., February 18, 1825. The following year, they moved to 
Michigan, and located in Ray Township some time later. In 1844, the family moved to 
Mt. Clemens, where Mr. Davison died three years ago, and Mrs. Davison April 20, 1882. 
They were the parents of nine childi'en, six of whom are living. 

J. D. AEiTHUR DEZIEL, owner of dry goods, ladies' fur and notion store, established 
in spring of 1881 by Brehler & Deziel. was born at Montreal. Canada; was educated at 
Point Levis, opposite Quebec: came to Detroit in 18(59. where he served as clerk in the 
(h-y goods store of L. A. Smith & Co. for a period of twelve years previous to his settlement at 
Mt. Clemens in the spring of 1881. Mr. Deziel's trade is estimated at §2(),()()0i)er annum. 

WILLIAM L. DIC;KEN. County Clerk, was born in Ray Township October 8. 1883, 
son of John Dicken, of England, who settled in York State in 181S, and in Ray Township 
in 1831. William L. received his education in the district schools of Ray, and also of 
Disco, in Shelby Tovmship. He learned harness-making in 1852; established a shop at 
Ray in 1855, and operated it until 1878, when he was elected County Clerk. He married 
Miss America H. Harris, daughter of Lovell Harris, June 3(t, 18(i(), to whom were born five 
chikh-en, of whom three are living — Carrie L., Je.ssie B. and Hugh W. The former is a 



Vll 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COT'NTY. 



graduate of Mt, Clemens High School, class of 1881. During Mr. Dicken's residence in Ray' 
Le has been honored with a few of the principal township offices. His services as Clerk of Ma- 
comb County are marked by strict attention to the affairs of his office and a genial method 
of transacting public business. 

JOSHUA B. DICKINSON, deceased, was born December U. 1811, in Orange County, 
Vt. He received a good common-school education, and passed his j'ounger days in the 
Eastern States, variously engaged. In 1841. he came to Michigan, locating at Detroit. 
One year later, he moved to Mt. Clemens, which was his home fi'om that time until his 
death. He engaged in the mercantile business upon coming here, but, after some years, 
confined himself chiefly to real estate. He was one of the builders of the old Romeo & 
Mt. Clemens Plank Road. By his thrift and good judgment, he accumvilated a consider- 
able fortune. He had a large circle of warm friends in every town in the county. In 
politics, he was a stanch Democrat, being Chairman of the County Committee for many 
years. In 185'.!, he was elected County Treasurer, and was re-elected in 1854, and was 
subsequently elected Register of Deeds, ^\'hen Mt. Clemens became a city, he was 
elected as the first Mayor, an honor that he highly appreciated. At different times, he 
was placed in other positions of trust, and filled them all honorably and creditably. He 
joined the Odd Fellows in Buffalo in 1843, and was a charter member of the society here 
when organized in 1847, and we l)elieve at different times occupied the various official 
chairs of the lodge. Mr. Dickinson was married, in 1846. to Katharine Lee, daughter of 
George Lee and granddaughter of Judge Christian Clemens. Ten years later, his wife 
and three of his children died. The loss of his wife and children was a crushing blow to 
Mr. Dickinson. He never recovered from its effects. He never remarried, and the great 
object of his life was in watching over and caring for his remaining child, Katharine L. 
His efforts in this direction were gilded with sunshine. They were never separated dur- 
ing his life, and this child proved a kind, devoted, loving and reverential daughter to 
him. She developed into a pure and attractive woman. She married George M. Crocker 
in Septembei', 187(1. She was a constant and affectionate wife, and was a fond and ever 
watchful mother. Her sudden and seemingly untimely decease, which occim-ed in March, 
188'2, was received with the deepest regret by all who knew her. Mr. Dickinson died in 
May, 187U. The news of his death was received with unfeigned regret by the entire 
county. The Circuit Court adjoiu-ut^d out of respect for his memory. The Common 
Coimcilof Mt. Clemens attended his funeral in a body; also the Odd Fellows' society, and 
many of the business places of the city were draped in moiu-ning. As to the character of 
MJr. Dickinson, the testimony oE all agrees. He was a kind and good man at home, cotir- 
teous and considerate to all. He bore his trials with fortitude: was the young man's 
friend and adviser; was open-handed in philanthropic endeavor, and public-spirited in a 
high degree. He was, in short, a true citizen. To not many men can be given greater 
praise than this. Early identified with Mt. Clemens, he was ever solicitous of her wel- 
fare, and lost no opportunity to advance the town in growth and improvement. It was 
indeed fitting that he should be elected her fir.st Mayor. 

SILAS DIXON, son of John, a ship-carpenter, son of "William, was born at Chatham, 
Conn.. February "i'J, ISl'^; came to Mt. Clemens in 1834, while Shelby sti-eet was still a 
wilderness, and opened a shoemaking shop, which he operated for several years. He es- 
tablished his gi-ocery business in 1848, and continued it with success for twenty years. 
He was appointed United States Revenue Collector here, and held the position for twelve 
years; was Village Trustee, and a Treasm-er for several years, and in early days was Con- 
stable for four years. He was married. May •'), 1834, to Miss Harriet Loomis. to whom 
two childi-en were born. Mi-s. Loomis Dixon died August 21. 1837. Mr. Dison married 
Miss Harriet Cleggett February 9. 1831t. to whom ten children were born. He is a mem- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



.k 



ber of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and one of the sm-viving old settlers of the 
village. 

ANDREW T. DONALDSON, of the Donaldson firm, was born in North Ii-eland Sep- 
tember 1^1), 1S48; eame with his father and family, in 1S44. to the United States, and set- 
tled with them in Macomb County. He was man-ied, November 9, 1S09. to Miss Olive 
Dixon, daughter of Silas Dixon, an old settler of the county. They are the parents of 
three childi-en — Meta and Harry S. ; a third child is deceased. Mr. Donaldson has bet-n 
honored with position on the City Council Board, in the Masonic Order, and in the Pres- 
byterian Church., of which he is a member. 

WILLIAM S. DONALDSON, son of James Donaldson, who came with his family 
from North of Ireland in 1844 and settled at Cady's Corners, was born in Ireland October 
10, 1841. ^Villiam S was raised and educated at Mt. Clemens, and learned the black- 
smith's trade in his father's shop there. He maiTied Miss Sarah Leonard, daughter of 
the late Sylvester Leonard, September 5, 18<)5, to whom was born Arthur L. After the 
death of this lady, he married Miss Eliza L. Harrington, daughter of HaiTy Harrington, 
an old settler of Macomb County. Mr. Donaldson is a member of the Masonic Order; has 
been Alderman of the city, and one of the most enterprising citizens. 

CAPT. WILLIAM DULAC, son of Louis and Josephine (Peltier) Dulae, the latter 
born at Detroit in 1798. was born in Han-ison Township December '21, 1887. The family 
moved into Mt. Clemens previous to 1840. In 1849, Capt. Dulac began his lake voyages; 
was cabin boy and pilot successively, and Captain for the last quarter of a centiuy. He is 
the builder of live boats, two of which were constructed in the winter of 1881-82 — one 180 
feet long, with ii'I feet beam; the other, 65 feet long, with 1(5 feet beam, is a tug-boat. 
The Captain has charge of the passenger and freight steamboat the .\. Weston, from Man- 
istee to Tonawanda, N. Y. He was married, January 20. 186H. to Nancy Peltier, daugh- 
ter of Joseph Peltier, of Harrison. They are the parents of six children, fom- of whom 
are living, namely: Adele, Ai-thui-, Emma and Berton. The family belong to the Cath- 
olic Chiu'ch. 

ROBERT F. EASTMAN was bom at Chelsea, Vt., in 1814; eame to Mt. Clemens in 
1835, and was one of the leading business men of the village for many years. Mr. East- 
man was twice married. His second wife. Hairiet M. Rutler. a native of Philadelphia, 
came to Mt. Clemens in 1S;!9. She is the daughter of Thomas Rutler. a Captain in the 
United States Navy, who died in Africa in 18"_'8. Mrs. Eastman is the mother of fom- 
children — Frederick, Ai-thur. Fannie and Julia. Arthur served in Company I. Ninth 
Michigan Infantry; made jwisoner; exchanged company ; Second Lieutenant Eighth Mich- 
igan Cavalry; and lastly. First Lieutenant, which position Le held when discharged in 
18(55, on account of wounds received at Sweetwater. Frederick served in the Second 
Pennsylvania Cavalry; passed seven months in Libby, Charleston and Macon, and, in 
18(J3. was commissioned Captain, which position he held when discharged. 

JOHN EBERLEIN, son of John L.. was born in Bavaria. Germany: April 25, 1828, 
He came to Detroit in 1854, and to Clinton Township in 185(5, when he paid $275 for 
a tract of twenty-five acres, since increased to 130 acres. Section 31, Clinton He was 
married, at Detroit. June 3," 1854, to Miss Catherine Smith. They were the parents of 
nine ehildi'en, seven of whom are living — Barbara. George. Fred, Caroline. Mary. John 
and Leonard, ^hc. Eberleiu has not sought for public positions. The family belong to 
the German Lutheran Church. 

JAMES C. EDGERLY was born in the State of Massachusetts November 22, 1791, of 
English parentage, his father being a son of one of the early colonists of New England; 
his mother's maiden name. Hannah Chadwick, a daughter of the younger son of the Earl 
of Chadwick of England. The Edgerly family moved to Vermont; subsequently, to Gen- 



"TT 



W 



esee Couuty. N. Y., 1814. James C. Edgerly served three months in the war of 1812, inKel- 
logg's company, of militia vohmteers, taking the place of an older brother who was drafted. 
Married in December of the same year; engaged in mercantile business; failed in 1821 : 
settled uj) business and went to Canada; stayed sis or eight months; bought lumber at 
Runnel's Mill, rafted it. moved on to the raft, his family and household goods lioth being 
small; weighed anchor, floated to the mouth of the Thames; sent raft to Detroit; hired a 
row-boat to bring him to Mt. Clemens, the Captain and crew of the boat being compo.sed 
of one man and small boy; arrived at Mt. Clemens in the spring of 1822; entered eighty 
acres of laud now known as Mosher farm; soon made a small opening in the dense forest, 
where he planted potatoes, etc. ; potatoes yielded abundantly and of excellent quality, but 
blackbirds, squirrels and many other natives of the country took the largest share of the 
corn, leaving but little to the disappointed planters. He stayed on the place two or three 
years; concluded to take his chance, on Judge Clemens' farm, as the Judge wanted some 
one to take charge of it, so moved into town; this consisted of eight dwellings and one 
store; the whole stock in trade, whisky and all, could have be«n cairied away in a small 
market wagon; there were also a shoemaker's shop, a blacksmith's shop and a cooper's 
shop, a court house and jail, all in one, built of square timber. It was in this coiu-t house 
that the first school ever taught in Mt. Clemens held its session. Miss Jane Everett, teacher; 
this was in the summer of 1S25; the following winter, J. C. Edgerly taught school in the 
same place. In April of the same year, received the a[)pointment of Lieutenant in the 
militia of the Territory, from Lewis Cass, then Governor of the Territory; in December, 
182r>, was appointed Justice of the Peace for the county of Macomb by Gov. Cass; two 
yeai's later, bought and moved on the farm now known as the Parker farm, where he spent 
the rest of his life; died of heart disease, after a few hours' illness, November 14, 1851. 
HON. R. P. ELDRIDGE, born on the banks of the Hudson, town of Greenwich, Wash- 
ington Co., N. Y., in 18(18; winter of 1814-15, his father moved to Lebanon, Madison County, 
and thence to Hamilton Township, on east side of West Branch of Chenango River, in 
same county. In his fifteenth year, he entered the Hamilton Academy. New York, to pre- 
pare for college, but his mother died when he was sixteen. The ehikU'en, eight in number, 
were separated; he taught in winter and studied in summer while attending college, from 
necessity. At the request of his father, he bi'gan the study of law at the age of seventeen, 
under Stowe & Girdly. the most eminent law firm of Madison County, while they were 
required to labor hard at copying tables; at close of school, in spring of 182H, he had $20 
in cash, with which he started for the Territory of Michigan; with no references except in 
teaching, he landed in Detroit May 26. 182(), poorly clad, and with 10 shillings; taught 
school in the debtor's room of the Detroit Jail six weeks, at 18 a scholar per quarter, lint 
was taken sick and abandoned it. He went to Pontiac the same year, and taught there 
dm'ing the winters following, and devoted his evenings and Satui-days to recording deeds in 
the Register's oflice; was afflicted the same winter with sore eyes, which cost more than his 
teaching brought him. He rode to Mt. Clemeus on a borrowed horse in the spring of 
1827, and located here in July, walking the whole distance from Pontiac; worked for his 
board for a Mr. Ashley, a merchant; the next fall, received some law books from his fa- 
ther which he read. He began keeping bachelor's hall in the fall of 1827 in Mt. Clem- 
ens, and read law; admitted to the bar by examination in open coui-t in the fall of 1828; 
on that occasion, stopped at Uncle Ben's Steamboat Hotel in Detroit, and. in passing from 
there to the old capitol building , where the court was convened, he did not pass a pedes- 
trian or pass a house; retiu'ned to Mt. Clemens and hung out his shingle, being the tu"st 
lawyer in Macomb County. The people were industrious and peaceable, and his prospects 
were gloomy; would have sought other location, but poverty held him there. The county 
improved rapidly, settlers increased and grew wealthy, and other lawyers located in the 

V^ S r- -^ ^['y 



u^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMli COUNTY. 



coiinty, and many Buddenly discovered that they had received injiu'ies at the hands of their 
neighbors, which duty to themselves and to society required them to have righted. From 
this lime Mr. Eldridge found it easy to support himself and family. He soon took active 
parts in politics; being a Democrat, was a warm supporter of Jackson and Van Bui'en, an;i 
Democratic nominees for State and county offices; in February, 1842, was appointed Secre- 
tary of State by Gov. Barry, which office he held four years: in the fall of 1846, was elected 
to the Senate, and attended first session of Legislatiu-e at Lansing in 1847; left politics 
at the close of the session; when his term of office as Secretary of State expired, he re- 
sumed law practice at Mt. Clemens, Mich., which he successfully pursued for many years. 
He looked upon the law as a noble science, and loves its practice, esteems and reverences 
it, and has occupied an eminent position among the oldest attorneys of Michigan, but has 
recently retired from active life, and resides quietly at Mt. Clemens. He was man-ied, in 
October, 18;U, to Miss Louise Crittenden, to whom thi'ee children were born-— Catharine, 
James B. and Carrie. After the death of Mrs. L. C. Eldridge, he married Miss Jane A, 
Leonard, who is the mother of Miss Emma Eldridge, In the organic, pioneer, law, ]iolit- 
ical and other chapters of this woi'k, the connection between this old resident and Macomb 
C'ounty is fiilly set forth. 

JAMES B. ELDRIDGE, Judge of Probate for Macomb County, was born at Mt. 
f Uemens November 25, 1885. His father, Robert P. Eldridge, one of the few sm-viving 
old residents of the city, one of the early lawyers of the county and a well-knowa citizen of 
the State, confeiTed on him many of those educational advantages which, in common with 
the American pioneers, he esteemed. The Judge having passed some years in attending 
the Mt. Clemens school, was transferred to the Romeo Academy, then affiliated with the 
Michigan University. He graduated from Ann Ai-bor with the class of 1855; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar of Macomb County in June, 1858. In 1S()2, he was elected 
Representative; two years later. Prosecuting Attorney; this latter office he also held from 
1870 to 187*); when he was elected Judge of Probate. In 188(1, he was re-elected Probate 
Judge, which position he now holds. Judge Eldridge was married to Miss Helen S. Fitch 
January 27, 1859, daughter of Samuel Fitch. They are the parents of two children — Julia 
L. (Spier), and Robert F.. now a student of the Michigan University. A reference to the 
organic, law and political chapters of the general history will show the part taken by 
Judge Eldridge in the affiiirs of the county, A review of the organic and society sketches 
of Mt. Clemens will show his public connection with the city. 

ALOIS EYTH, born at Binsdorf, Wurtemberg, Germany, March HO, 1850; came to 
Mt. Clemens in 1872. He was married to Miss Louisa Miller, of Alsace, November 29, 
1877. They are the parents of Alois and Caroline Eyth. 

JUDSON S. FARRAR, Register of Deeds, was born at Mt, Clemens August 23, 1836. 
His father, Manson Farrar, of New York, is an old settler of Macomb, now a resident of 
Lenox Township. Col. Farrar's military record will be foiuid in the history of the war 
for the Union, and his political record in the political and organic chapters. As a soldier 
and citizen he is known throughout the State. He man-ied Miss Cari'ie Eldridge, daugh- 
ter of Robert P. Eldridge, in June, 18(54, to whom were born five children, four of whom 
are living. 

JESSE O. FERRIS, son of Jonathan Ferris, was born in Cortland Township, N. 
Y., December 8, 1800. He was educated in the subscription school in Westchester County; 
subsequently was clerk in store of Clark & Haight, of Peekskill, from 1817 to 1819; in 
1820. settled at Big Sodus Bay, on Lake Ontario; in 1823, bought a half-interest in canal- 
boat, while his cousin, named Hubbell, bought a second interest. This boat he ran on the 
Erie Canal in 1823 and 1S24. He engaged in grocery business at Lyons, N. Y.. for about 
two years, then in the diy goods trade for two years; came to Mt. Clemens in 1831, and 



rN^ 



584 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



boarded at Ashley's Tavern for two years. He superintended the construction of several 
miles of Gratiot Turnpike, and ultimately settled the homestead on Section 1. Clinton 
Township. In December, 18;^:{, Mi'. Ferris visited his father, who was a Captain in the 
war of IHI'2. He served ten days in the Toledo war. He was mairied, February 17, 
l<SH;i, to Jane S. Ed^erly. daughter of James C, who settled in Chesterfield Township in 
spring of 18'2"2, while it was yet a wilderness. They were the parents of five children — 
Martin, who was a lawyer at Brownstown, Ind.. died at Minneapolis, Minn., in Septem- 
ber, 18(59; Marion A., James E., Jennie and Frank. Mr. FenuF was Assessor of Clinton 
in ]8;^2; was Road Commissioner for many tei-ma, and one of the County Superintendents 
of the Poor when the County Farm was purchased. 

MARTIN FERRIS was born June 7, 1884. He attended the district school, also 
select school, at Mt. Clemens. At the age of seventeen, he entered the law office of Ferris 
& Frost, of Peekskill, N. Y., where he remained three years; returned to Michigan in 
1855, read law in Detroit thi'ee months, and was admitted to the bar in 1855. He went 
South in 185(). and opened a law office at Brownstown, Ind. , in 1857, and was soon ad- 
mitted to all the higher courts of the State. He was highly successful in business until 
18()5, when, his health beginning to fail on account of throat disease and bronchitis, in 
June, 18()8, he came home for the last time. In August of that year, he went to Minne- 
apolis. Minn., for his health and business, and died September 8, 1868. He was buried at 
Brownstown, Ind. 

(lEORGE C. FLETCHER, son of Jesse Fletcher, of Ludlow, Windsor Co., Vt., was 
born June 18, 1817; came to Newark, Ohio, with parents, in 18l!'J; visited New Y'ork City 
in \H'24, and Ludlow in 1825, and lived with his grandfather Fletcher; passed some time 
at Keeseville, N. Y. ; in 1888, came to Cleveland, Ohio,, to Detroit in 1884, and to Mt. 
Clemens in 188(i, where he was engaged in mercantile life for twenty-two years. In 18(51, 
much of his property was destroyed by fire. His valuable farm of 180 acres, on North 
Gratiot street, in Clinton Township, is an evidence of the success which waited upon his 
labors since that time. Mi-. Fletcher was married, in 188(5, to Eliza G. Hough, to whom 
four children were born, namely: Emma, Betsy C. Sydney M. and George W. Of these 
children, Sydney is dead. Mr. Fletcher is the owner of stock in the Detroit Placer Min- 
ing Company, now operating in Idaho. 

WILLIAM FLUEMER, son of Charles Fluemer, of Prussia, German Empire, was 
born February 8, 1825; came to Philadelphia, Penn. , in 1844, and to Macomb County, 
Mich., in 1850. Here he engaged in farming until 18(50. when he moved into Mt. Clem- 
ens, opened a confectionery store, which he operated for nine years, until the completion 
of his fiom-iug mill. Mr. Fluemer married Miss Mary Dierlam, of Philadelphia, in 184(5, 
to whom Were born eight childi-en, of whom five are living, namely; Mary, William, Charles, 
Amelia and Lewis. 

REV. THOMAS FORSTER, born at Harrisburg, Penn., November 15, 1812, son of 
Gen. John Forster, of the war of 1812. He was educated at Dickinson College, of Car- 
lisle, Penn., where he graduated in 1829. He graduated from the Western Theological 
Seminary at Allegheny City, Penn., in 1889. He was educated first for law; was admitted 
to the bar in 1888, and practiced for a short time. He united with the Presbyterian 
Church in 1884; was licensed and ordained in 184() to preach at Margaretta Furnace, York 
Co., Penn., where he labored two years, then went to Wellsboro, P«nn., where he remained 
a short time, and in 1845 came to Mt. Clemens; was supply of the chiu'ch here for five 
years, until he removed to Monroe, Mich., in 1850, where he was stated supjily for about 
two years; was pastor at Middletown. Del., for three yeai's: retm'ned to Michigan in 1857, 
where he was stated supply at Southfield for nine and a half years. He returned to Mt. 
Clemens in 18(57, where he still resides. Mr. Forster was married, in February, 1848, to 



^^=^^ 




/Y^/^fp/l^k-/(; 



l\^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Miss Eliza R. Hall, daughter of Dr. Hall, deceased. They are the parents of four chil- 
dren — Mary E., Thomas H., John E. and George Chalmers. Thomas H. is married and 
resides at Lansing, where he is clerk in the Secretary of State's office. 

LEWIS A. FOX, son of Gustavus Fox, an early settler of Macomb, was born in Clin 
ton Township, Section 9, September It), 18:^5. His early experiences may be summed up 
as follows: Limited school facilities, hard work; picked brush, rolled logs, made staves, 
cut and hauled wood to Mt. Clemens — the hauling being done with aid of oxen, and the 
wood being sold for 50 cents per cord; morning calls made with aid of lumber drawn by 
oxen; mother accustomed to carry a blazing brand to restrain the wolves from seizing the 
boy; Indian playmates, etc. , etc. Mr. Fox survived these olden days: married Miss Sarah, 
daughter of David Tucker, of Harrison Townshij). November K), 18(U, to whom five chil- 
dren were born, namely: Herbert, Elizabeth, Alice, Gertrude and Ai-thur. He has a valua- 
ble farm of sixty-five acres; is a member of Grange, and has been Justice of the Peace for 
past five years. 

GUSTAVUS FOX, son of Joel Fox, was born in Connecticut April 11, 1810. Joel 
settled near Batavia. N. Y. , in 1815. and moved to Canada in 1825. Mr. Fox came to 
Macomb County in IHH'Z, worked for a short time at Mt. Clemens, and then entered sixty- 
eight acres on Section 9, Clinton, which is the homestead farm. He experienced all the 
vicissitudes of pioneer life, and, like the pioneers, overcame all obstacles. He was mar- 
ried, in 1885, to Miss Sarah Burnham, to whom eight children were born — Lewis A., 
George W.. Sarah E.. Margai-et J., John G., Hen'ick W., Henrietta M. and Robert B. — 
all living, the youngest being twenty-eight years eld. 

HENRY FRIES, born in Dutchess County, N. Y., June 3, 1827, son of John A, of 
same county, and Margaret Mink, of Columbia County, N. Y. Mr. Fries was educnted 
in the schools of Dutchess County. He moved to Wayne County, N. Y. . in 1843, and to 
Macomb County, Mich., in 1851, whei'e he resided on a farm in Harrison Township, as 
agriculturist and stock-raiser, until 1877, when he sold and removed to city of Mt. Clem- 
ens. He was married, in March, 1853, to Mrs. Gertrude Shook, daughter of William 
Phillips, to whom were born five childi'en by first husband, three of whom are living — 
Jacob, Elizabeth (Hall) and Ada (Chasej. Mr. Fries was County Superintendent of the 
Poor for over twenty years. 

S. S. GALE. Over one hundred and seventy-five year- ago. there came to the 
United States fi-om England thi-ee brothers named Gale, all of whom are supposed to have 
landed at New York City. William, presumably the senior, was the father of five sons, 
well-known settlers of Dvitchess County, N. Y. — William, John, Noah, Roger and Joseph. 
The first was born in 1732. and died in 1804. He was the father of eight sons — William, 
Isaac. Joseph, Reuben. Nathaniel. Ira, Rufus and Jeremiah. William was born in 175B, 
and died in 1780. He had one son, William, who was the father of Samuel S. Gale. He 
was born in Fairfield County, Conn., May 25, 1780; was married to Miss Mary Welch, 
of Westchester County, N. Y. , in May, 1804. To them were born John P. , James M. , 
Peter B. and Samuel S. His daughters were Betsy, Maria and Hannah Ann. After the 
death of his first wife, William Gale married Miss Lydia Smith, to whom were born Zenas 
S., William W., Manly P., Polly, Eliza, Thirza J., Amelia D. and Mary E., of whom 
Polly and Eliza died in infancy. S. S. Gale was born at Genoa, Cayuga Co., N. Y., Jan- 
uary 4, 1819. His father was a teacher, a builder and a farmer. He moved into the 
wilderness of Lock Township in 1822, and there young Samuel lived to see that wild tract 
converted into fertile fields. At the age of eighteen yeai's. he entered life on his own ac 
count. In 1837, he visited his brother. John P., at Mt. Morris, N. Y., where he worked at 
cai'pentry and joinery for one year. In 1838, he returned to the homestead, and soon 
after entered Groton Academy, where he studied for four years, giving most of his time 



2J^ 



in winter to teaching, and, during vacations, to manual labor. In his third year of acad- 
emical study, he was elected School Inspector for Groton Township. During the build- 
ing of the new academy, he took the contract for roofing, by which, with other work on 
tlie building, he realized a sum sufficient to pay his school expenses for the ensuing year. 
Returning to Mt. Morris after completing his academical com'se, he worked a short time 
for his brother, and then entered the law office of Wisner & Fitzhugh, in 1<S41. In 1S4'2, 
he came to Michigan with a purse of $25. Arriving at Detroit June 7, leaving his trunk 
there, he pushed on foot to Pontiac, passed the cars on the Milwaukee Railroad at Bir- 
mingham, and an'ived there that evening. On this journey, he exchanged some good 
Eastern money for Pontiac bank bills, which proved entirelyvForthless. It was a valuable 
lesson in Western Unances. At Pontiac he introduced himself to George M. Wisner, 
brother of Wisner of Mt Morris. He succeeded Prof, ^^'illiams as Principal of Pontiac 
Academy, and opened it as a high school, with two pxipils, which number increased to thirty 
before the close of the term. He conducted the high school for four years, at the same 
time pursiiing law studies in the office of the Wisners. He was admitted an attorney at 
law before Judge Whipple, December 11, 1840, at Pontiac. In 1847, he opened a law 
office at Farmington, Oakland County. There he married Miss Mai-y Collins, daughter of 
George W. Collins, one of the pioneers of Oakland, November 27, IS.")!). This lady was 
born at East Bloomtield, N, Y., November 8, 1822. They are the parents of George C, 
born at Farmington July 29, 1852, and Cynthia Maria, both now residents of Mt. Clem- 
ens. G. C. Gale married Miss Florence Dixon October 10, 1878. In the fall of 1852, 
Mr. Gale was Princijml of the North City School at Ann Arbor. He was also a member 
of the School Re-organization Committee, which originated the idea of primary ward 
schools and a central high school. After three years at Ann Ai'bor, Mi-. Gale returned 
with his family to Farmington and entered business as dry goods salesman. When the 
Union School of Mt. Clemens was organized, he was asked to become its Princii)al, which 
office was accepted. In the fall of l8()(l, he was elected Circuit Court Commissioner, and 
as such was engaged in the celebrated cause of Gilbert Hathaway versus William Jenny. 
About two months before the termination of his office as Circuit Court Commissioner. No- 
vember ly, 18r)2, he entered a partuershi]> with Stui-tevant, the hardware merchant, and. 
January 1, lSn8, became an active pai'tner in the concern. March 21. 18l)4, Sturtevant 
sold his interest to Mr. Gale, and since that time the latter has carried it on successfully. 
A reference to the school history of Mt. Clemens will ])oint out Mr. Gale's relation to the 
School Board. In the organic chapter, reference is made to his appointment as Judge of 
Probate. In reviewing the foregoing notice. i>ne must be forciV>ly reminded of all that 
which earnestness and energy, directed by principles of honor and honesty, are capable of 
achieving. After a number of years devoted principally to what are known as the learned 
professions — professions which won for Mr. Gale both honors and emoluments — we find 
him entering commercial life and making a marked success therein within a few years. 

EDWARD C. GALLUP, deceased, was born in Connecticut in 1814; came to Mt. 
Clemens in 18:)4. and married Mrs. Eliza Hawkins, daughter of Judge Clemens, in 1838. 
He engaged in dry goods trade here; subsequently became wool-buyer, which business he 
followed until his death, in August, 1878. His wife and one daughter, Mi's. Mai-tha (Gal- 
lup) Crittenden, are living. The former is in possession of letters written to Judge Clem- 
ens as early as 1804, and of an account of a journey made b)' Gen. Cass and himself to 
negotiate a treaty with the Indians on the lake shore. 

DR. VALENTINE GARDNER, physician and sm-geon, was born in Bavaria, German 
Empire, September 19, 1821, son of Adam Gardner, who settled in Ohio in 1885. Dr. 
Gardner attended school in Bavaria until 1840, when he visited his father's home in Ohio. 
In the s|7i-ing of 1841 he returned to Europe, where he remained until 1843. when he 



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came to Ohio. There he attended the Cleveland schools for some years: graduated from 
the Erie Medical College in ] S4S'. His practice at Cleveland was continued for several 
years, until his removal to Defiance. Ohio, where he was a practitioner until November, 
1879, the date of his settlement at Mt. Clemens. Dr. Gardner married Miss Catherine 
Hursh. They are the parents of four children, viz — Mary. Jennie. Valentine and Charley. 
Dr. Gardner has built up for himself a good practice. 

NORTHUP J. GIBBS. Architect and Superintendent of Mt. Clemens, was born in 
Sterling Township. Macomb, July "2. ISHS. His father. Orton Gibbs, of Albany, N Y., 
located in this county in 1826. Mr. Gibbs labored in the homestead farm and attended 
the district schools until he entered the Agricultural College at Lansing In 1857, he 
began to take lessons in art and drawing, under Prof I. T. Smith, of Detroit. In 1859, 
he entered the United States Army for service during the INIormon troubles. In the late 
war, he served until 1S()4, and was present at the surrender of the United States troops at 
St. Augustine Springs, Texas, August 27. 18()1. Lyand's command was paroled on the 
gi-ound and ordered to Fort Craig, thence marched to Leavenworth, Kan. After his dis- 
charge, he located at St. John's, Mich., and ojiened an ai'chitect office there. He settled 
at Mt. Clemens in 1874. while it was still an old-time French hamlet, and now holds the 
position of City Siuweyor and Civil Engineer. What improvements have been effected 
under his direction are evident to-day in the uew residences, hotels, county coiu-t house, 
jail, etc. Mr. Gibbs married Miss Emma Davy, daughter of Charles Davy, of Warren 
Township, .in iSfU. They are the parents of one child. Mr. Gibbs is deservedly popu- 
lar, and his architectural designs are widely esteemed. 

SAMUEL GIBBS, deceased, was born in New Ham])shire in October, 1/95. son of 
Samuel and grandson of Samuel, of English ancestry, who were di'iven from their homes 
diu-ing the religions persecution of Cromwell. Mr. Gibbs settled in Cattaraugus County 
in 18(14: came to Washington, Macomb County, in 1881: was married, in June. 1824, to 
MisB Hannah Rowell. to whom live children were born — Charlotte. Samuel M.. Ogilvie. 
Marv and Sarah. Mr. Gibbs died Julv V-l 1880. 

^ "rev. J. M. GORDON. Pastor of" M. E. Church, was born at Lyons. Wayne Co.. N. 
Y..* November 12, 1834, son of Samuel Gordon, of Scotch descent, and a native of Wayne 
County. He was educated in the public schools of Canada, Michigan, and at the Union 
Schooi of Detroit: took a four-years' theological eoiu'se in Detroit Conference, from 18()8 
to 1867: began as local preacher about 1800, on the old Farmington Circuit; entered the 
regular ministry in 18(58:. was two years at South Saginaw, where he organized the M. 
E. Church in a schoolhouse, and built the chm-ch in 1S()H: moved to Hancock, Mich., in 
the fall of I8(i5. and to Flushing in 1S()7. He was pastor of the two chiu-ches at Peters- 
bm-g and Deertield. Mich., in the fall of 18()9: appointed Presiding Elder of Lake Super- 
ior District in 1871, where he served four years. He was stationed at Morenci, Mich., in 
1875: at Howell in 1878; and came to Mt." Clemens in 1880, where he is now])astor. Mi-. 
Gordon married. December 80, 185(), Julia D. Ross, of Wayne County, Mich., to whom 
foiu- childi-en were born. Ella E.. Livingston R. and Frank L. are living. 

JOHN B. GOULD, born at London, Canada West. August 14, 1854, was educated in 
the public schools of that citj-: came to Detroit in 1874, and to Mt. Clemens in same year. 
He entered on the trade of carriage-maker at the age of sixteen yeai-s, at which he con- 
tinues to labor. His marriage with Miss Martha Biddlecomb took place in March. 187(1 
They are the parents of three childi-en -Ethel E., Frances M. and Carling J. Mr. Gould 
is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. 

PETER P. GRHINER was born in Wayne County, Mich., February 22, 1840, son of 
John Greiner, who came from France in 1S83, settled in W'ayne County, and died in 1855. 
ISh: Greiner's mother is still living on the old homestead, aged eighty-two years. The old 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



lady is healthy and active, aud has over one hundred and thirty children, grandchildren and 
great-grandchildi-en. Mr. Greiner received a common -school education: passed one year 
in the Lake Superior lumbering woods, and returned in the fall of 1S()4 to Wayne, where 
he farmed two years; came to Mt. Clemens in ISIil) as clerk for Joseph Knoll, whose in 
terest he purchased in -January, IStiT. He operated a livery for five years, aud in ISSO 
resumed grocery business. He mairied Miss Amelia Knoll in l'S()5, to whom were born 
nine children, one of whom, Albert, was drowned, in August, 18.S1, while returning from 
a jileasure trip on the lake with his parents aud others. Mi'. Greiuer was Village Trustee 
and De})uty Marshal for four years. 

CHARLES S. GROESBECK was born in Warren Township November 3, 1S88, son 
of Louis Groesbeck, who was born near Detroit, and settled on Section 28, in Warren 
Township, in ISi^l, buying his land from the Cxovernment at 10 shillings ])er acre. This 
old settler died in 18."),-). Charles S. Groesbeck's gi-andfather, Walter G., came from Hol- 
land in the pioneer days of Detroit. Mr. Groesbeck was educated in the Detroit public 
schools; was elected to the State Legislature in 1S()2, and served till 1804; elected County 
Clerk in 1S70, which position he held eight years: was Justice of the Peace in this county 
for over twenty years. He moved to Mt. Clemens in May, 1871, where he now resides; 
owns two farms in Warren Township; is a dealer in real estate; was engaged in manu- 
factiu-e of sash, doors and blinds for four years, and is now manufactm'ing lumber and 
staves at Mt. Clemens. He was married, April 20, 1805. to Miss Lydia D. Beebe, a na- 
tive of Illinois. Of eight children born to them, seven are living -Rosie. Jose])hiue. 
John, Frank, Maud. Henry and Anna B. The family belong to the Catholic Chui-ch. 
Mr. Groesbeck was Supervisor of Warren Township several years, and has always taken a 
deej3 interest and active part in all matters pertaining to the welfare of this county. 

ERENST HAGEN, son of John aud Christina (Ronge) Hagen, was born in Prussia 
October 18, 1822. He was educated in a religious school. Coming to the United States 
in 1854, he located at New Baltimore, Macomb County, where he remained two years. 
In 185(), he moved into Sterling Township, and in 1859 to Clinton Township. He passed 
two yeai's in Clinton, anil then came to Mt. Clemens, where he resided six mouths. Mov- 
ing to Wyandot, he made that village his home for a half-year, when he returned to Clin- 
ton and took up his residence on his farm of 170 acres. This tract of land he cleared 
and brought under cultivation. He married Miss Finch in 1847, to whom ten children 
were born, of whom seven are living, viz. : Rudolph, Amelia, August, Miner, Siner, Annie 
and Paulina. Mr. Hagen served in the Schleswig-Holstein wa;- of 1847, and was a soldier 
for two aud one-half years in the Prussian infantry. He has held the position of School 
Director for two and one-half years. His removal into Mt. Clemens City, which he pur- 
poses making his home, took place in April, 1882. 

WILLIAM E. HALL is a son of E. Wright Hall, who established the glass works at 
^It. Clemens at an early day. Mr. Hall was raised and educated here; engaged in the drug 
business in 18();!, which continued until 1871. He was the express and telegraph agent, 
and the tirst to remove these offices, from the depot into the city. In partnership with. Mr. 
Shook, he erected a saw-mill aud hub and spoke factoi'y at Mt. Clemens in 1871 : he also 
dealt extensively in hard-wood lumber until 1877. In 1880, Mr. Hall and Mr. Kandt 
built the steam barge William Rudolph; is now building the two large boats. Mr. Hall's 
lumber business averages 8,000,000 feet annually. He was elected Township Treasurer 
in 1N7(), and is now Supervisor of the First Ward of the city. He married Miss Letitia 
J. Shook, daughter of the late Robert Shook, December 10, 18(j8. They are the ])arents 
of live children — William R., Eugene E., Harrv W., Nelly B. and Blanche. 

WINFIELD S. HATHAWAY, son of Hon. Hiron Hathaway, was born at Bristol, 
Ontai'io Co., N. Y., December 25, 1882. His father, son of Seth Hathaway, of Massachu- 



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HISTUKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



setts, of English descent, was born June 5. 1799. The family came to Richmond Town- 
ship in ISHC), where Mr. Hathaway was educated. In 1S()7, he held the position of lum- 
ber-sealer for Horace Perkins & Sons until 1S7-"). He was elected Sheriif in November, 
1S74, and entered on the duties of that office in January, 1S75, serving through two terms. 
After retiring fi'om this office, he managed his farm, two miles south of the city, for 
two years. He married Miss Jane Dixon, daughter of Richard Dison. of Detroit, in 1IS57. 
The three children of this marriage are deceased. Hiron Hathaway was elected to the 
Legislatiu'e in 1N41; and in IsriTi was a member of the Constitutional Convention at Lan- 
sing: in ISoO was Associate Judge of Macomb; in 1889 was Supervisor of Richmond and 
in 1S52, President of Armada Village. W. S. is a member of Mt. Clemens Chapter, 
R. A. M. , and verj^ jropular throughout the county. 

DR. ABNER HAYWARD. physician and surgeon, was born at Johnson, R. I., Seji- 
tember '-!6, 1S29. His father, Robert G. Hayward, of English descent, was born at 
Thompson, Conn., March 10. 1800. His mother, Eliza Cornell, niece of Ezra Cornell, 
founder of the Cornell University, was born at Somerset, Md., December 1. 1801. His 
fathei- was engaged in a cotton factory in Rhode Island for several years: came to Mich- 
igan in 1880 and settled in Monroe County; moved to Ingham County in 1887. after which 
he devoted his attention to farming. Dr. Hayward, the subject of this sketch, received 
such advantages as the country school afforded, after which he attended the Hillsdale Col- 
lege, and subsequently the Michigan Union College. He taught school six terms: read 
medicine under Drs. Watts & Chubb, and attended medical leotiu'es at the university at 
Ann Arbor, in 1S59 and 180O. Having his attention called to the homoeopathic method 
of administering medicine, he became convinced of its sujieriority, and, after having prac- 
ticed medicine four years at Aurelius, Mich., he attended lectures and graduated from the 
Homceopathie Hospital College of Cleveland, Ohio, in 18()(). He then located at Romeo, 
Macomb Co., Mich., and built up a fine practice where allopathic opposition was so strong 
it was supposed a homoeopathist could not live. After remaining there five years and a 
half, he removed to Mt. Clemens, and has, during a residence of moro than ten years, been 
engaged in an extensive practice. He maiTied Miss Alice J. Smith, a native of Barring- 
ton. Orange Co. . N. Y. , who was then a resident of Jackson County. She was educated 
in the Michigan Union College, and taught school several terms, in which she was very 
successful. Since her man-iage, she has read medicine with her husband, attended the 
medical college at Detroit, and is a skillful practitioner. They are the parents of foiu' 
children, of whom Maude Louise and Frank H. are living; Lillie J. K. and Charlie C 
died in infancy. Dr. Hayward is a member of the American Institute of Homoeopathy, 
and also of the Homoeopathic Medical Society of the State of Michigan. 

JOHN HEMMEN. deceased, was born in Luxemburg, CTermany, December 25, 1825; 
came to Detroit in 185G, where he was in the service of Michigan Central Railroad for sev- 
eral years. He was proprietor of City Hotel, opposite Milwaukee depot, for twelve years; 
came to Mt. Clemens in 1871, and took charge of hotel on northeast corner of square, 
which he called the Hemmen House, and operated until his death. July 14. 18S0. He 
married Miss Frederica Vogt March 10, 1858. to whom were born five children, of whom 
Lizzie and Laura are living. Mrs. Hemmen came to the United States alone in 1852. 
The family belong to the Catholic Church, of which Mr. Hemmen was also a member. 

GOTHOLD HEMME. The subject of this sketch is a son of Andrew Hemme, who was 
born in Saxe Weimar, September 7, 1822; settled in Wayne County in 1854, and in Ma- 
comb County in April, 1859. He is the owner of twenty acres in Section 81, Clinton, and 
by tfade a carpenter. He was married, in 1854, to Miss Caroline Apel, to whom five chil- 
dren were born, namely: August, Charles, Louise, Elizabeth and Minnie. Mrs. Hemme 
died in 1868. He married Miss Sophia Dietzsch in 1871. to whom two children were 






l^ 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



boru. The family are members of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Hemme is Secretary of 
German Farmers' Insiu'ance Company of Macomb County. 

WESLEY HINMAN was born in Chautauqua County, N. Y., March •.:i2, 1^5 lO; came 
to Mt. Clemens in May, ISHO, where he married Mis.s Alice Connor, daughter of John Con- 
nor, July 10, lSi5;l This lady died in ISh'I. He married Mrs. Catherine Cole Wyckoff 
May 4, isr)4, to whom was born one child, Clarence W. Hinman. Mr. Hinman was Super- 
visor of Clinton, and filled other offices, as given in organic histor'y of Clinton. 

GILES HUBBAED, deceased, son of Quartus Hubbard, of Marbletowu, Ulster Co., 
N. Y., was born in January, IN]?. He served at the cooper's trade until 1.S29, when he 
visited his uncle, Daniel Davis. After passing one year there, he traveled through New York 
and Ohio, working at different points. In the summer of l>i--il. he made a jom'ney South, 
and, on account of the yellow fever epidemic, turned his steps northward, and arrived at 
Mt. Clemens in the fall of that year. He read law in the office of Judge Thurston, with 
whom he entered in partnership for one year. He formed a partnership with R. P. El- 
dredge, which continued for fifteen years; subseqviently formed a partnership with Thomas 
M. Crocker, which was observed for several years. He was appointed Postmastei at Mt. 
Clemens under Harrison in 1IS4(); elected Prosecuting Attorney, as shown in the political 
chapter; elected Senator, as referred to in same chapter; refused the appointment of Col- 
lector of Internal Revenue for the district, and also nomination for Congress. Mr. Hub- 
bard married Miss Euphemia, daughter of Homer and Mary Atwood Bingham, September 
■-!H, 1842. To them were born seven childi'en, five of whom are living — Mary, Giles, 
Cxeorge, Julia E. and Barton H. Mrs. Hubbard still lives, aged eightv-tive years. 

JOSEPH HUBBARD, an old settler, boru at Mai'bletown, Ulster Co., N. Y., August 
4, liSl4, son of Quartus, native of Litchfield, Conn., and Elizabeth Davis, the former of 
English descent and the latter of Holland descent. He settled with his father, in Ontario 
County, N. Y. , in 1827, his mother having died before they left Ulster County; came to 
Mt. Clemens in 1888; resided at New Baltimoie for five years; engaged in stave business, 
and then came back to Mt. Clemens, He was married, March 10, 18;^7. to Thankful S. 
Weeks, to whom were born five children, of whom are living William B. and Martha E. , 
now Mrs. High. He kept hotel — Clinton House — at Mt. Clemens from 1838 to 1841, 
where the American House now stands; was in the stave business until 18(j0, wh^n he was 
elected Sherifi'; held the office four years; appointed County Treasurer in February, 1805, 
and held that office about two years; held office of Constable and Collector six years; in 
early days, was the first Village Marshal at Mt. Clemens; also took its first census in 1838. 
He represents five first-class insurance companies; is also engaged in sewing machine 
agency. Mr. Hubbard was charter member of the first Odd Fellows' Lodge here; member 
of temperance societies; attends Presbyterian Chiu'ch, to which the family belong. Diir- 
ing the last two years of the late war, he was Deputy Provost Marshal for Macomb County. 

WILLIAM B. HUBBAED, boru at Mt. Clemens May 4, 1844, is son of Josephine 
Hubbard, of New York, who settled here in 1833. Mr. Hubbard married Miss Lizzie 
Shook in October. 18().j, to whom were born three children — Robert, Catherine and Dun- 
can. Mr. Hubbard was a soldier in the late war; served on gun-boat Forest Rose; was a 
resident of New Baltimore for several years, and is now engaged in the undertaking trade 
with Robert Shook, as established in 1879. The family belong to the Presbyterian Church. 

H. B. HUTCHINS, born at Lisbon, Grafton Co., N. H.. April 8, 1847; prepared for 
college at Newbury Seminary, Vermont; entered Michigan University September, 18(57; 
graduated from thei-e June, 1871; was Superintendent of the Owosso City Schools from 
September, 1871, to July, 1872; in June of 1872, was appointed Instructor in History and 
Rhetoric at Michigan University, which position he held until June, 1873, when he was 
appointed Assistant Professor of English and History at Michigan Univereity, which posi- 

«^ (a r- ~^ © ^ 

T 



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4>t 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tion lie held until July, 1876, when he was admitted to the bar in Ann Ai'bor, and came at 
once to Mt. Clemens, where lie has since been located. 

DR. JESSE E. HUTCHINS, dentist, born in Oakland County, Mich., October 14, 
1S42. son of Chai'les S. Hutchins, of New York State, was educated at Watseka and 
Jacksonville, 111. ; studied medicine under Drs. Mowry and Black, of Jacksonville. Pre- 
vious to beginning his studies, he conducted district schools for four terms; moved to 
Danville in ISliS, where he practiced dentistiy until 187)^, when he located at Mt. Clem- 
ens. Dr. Hutchins married Miss Nellie Moore, October 24. 1S78, to whom was born one 
child — Charles W. Hutchins. 

REV. EBENEZER IRELAND, son of John Ireland, was born in Northampton, 
England, September 1, 1889; was educated at the Congregational College, Nottingham, 
and ordained at Dronheld. England, in 1870; he was pastor of the First Congregational 
Clim-ch at DrouHeld until the fall of 1878, when he was appointed the pastor of the 
chm-ch at Brockville. Canada. After a term of two years, he was called to the pastorate 
of the Congregational Church at Danville, Canada, where he remained until 187N; he sup- 
plied Pine Grove Church, near Toronto, Canada, for a short time, when he came to Rich- 
mond, Macomb County, in 1879, as pastor of the chm-ch at that village In August, 1881, 
he came to Mt. Clemens as supply of the Presbyterian Church, of which he is now the 
regular pastor. Mr. Ii-eland's connection with the church is of the happiest character; he 
is a Christian minister in reality as well as in name. 

ROBERT JEAN, son of Joseph Jean, a native of Grosse Point and grandson of 
Robert of that locality, was born in Harrison Township, May 2o, 1883, His father was a 
well-known trader among the Indians, could speak their language, hunted and fished with 
them and was their trusted friend. The family moved to Clinton Township in 1847. 
Ml'. Jean is the owner of 100 acres of land on Sections 21 and 22, Clinton; engaged in 
Horn- and feed trade at Mt. Clemens in 1880 and 1881. He was married, August 8, 18ri(), 
to Catherine Norton, daughter of Hugh Norton, now of Macoml) Corners, an old settler 
and an old man of eighty-five summers. To them seven children were born, of whom Eva, 
Frank R., Charles, Jennie and an infant son are living. 

HON. WILLIAM JENNEY, present member of Legislature, was born at Pough- 
kee^jsie, N. Y., June 18, 1S87. He came to Macomb County, with his parents, in 1848, 
and settled at Mt. Clemens. Mr. Jenney i-eceived his education in Brown Universitj', 
Providence, R. I., where he graduated in 1859. Returning to Mt. Clemens, he studied 
law, and was prepared for admission to the bar in 18()1, when the war called for his ser 
vices. Dm'ing that year, he raised Company I, Ninth Michigan Infantry, and was mus- 
tered into service as Captain of that company. In 18(i8, he was commissioned Major, 
and. in 18H5, was raised to a Colonelcy by Gov. Crosswell. His company was recruited at 
a time when it appeared that the county had exhausted her men. which fact of itself won 
great credit for the organizer. A. reference to the military chapter' will point out at once 
the military record of Col. Jenney and the commands with which he was connected. He 
was admitted to the bar in ISIKi. and enjoyed a good praciice until 1876, when his elec- 
tion to the State Senate m'ged him to retire. His intention was to resume the practice of 
law, but his health would not permit. Col. Jenney was elected Secretary of State in 
1878, which position he now holds. In the political chapter full references are made to 
his election. Among the delegates present at the memorable convention of 1880, held at 
Chicago, he was present. Col. Jenney was married to Miss Cora, daughter of the late 
Judge Horace Stevens, in February, 1866. They are the parents of one child — William 
S. Jenney. 

WILLIAM JENNEY (deceased) was born in Middlesex Couaty, Mass., in March, 
1^12. Traveling westward, he located at Mt. Clemens in 1848, where he built the first 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB f'OU>JTY. 



stave-mill, tbe maciiinery of which he moved to New Baltimore In other pages of this 
work, the part taken by the late Mr. Jenney in the commercial and social development of 
Macomb County is regarded, -and. in the necrological chapter, a notice of his decease given. 

RUDOLPH J. KANDT, the eldest of eight brothers, was born in Niagara County. 
N. Y., October HI, 18-19 (son of Fred Kandt, a native of Germany): settled in Macoml) 
with his parents in isr)7; he received a common-school education; was a clerk in a gro- 
cery store for four yeai's; in ISTT). he establislied a grocery house at Mt Clemens, which 
he conducted until 1880. During the winter of 1879-80, he was partner with AVilliam 
E. Hall in building a steam barge, which he managed during the seasons of 1880 and 
1881. In May of the latter year, he re-engaged in the grocery business, and now has a 
large and daily increasing trade. He sold his interest in the boat in the fall of 1881. 
Mr. Kandt married Hattie, daughter of Henry Rose, of Everett, Mich., January 28, 1879. 
This lady is a native of Macomb. 

JOHN KEILS. son of Gerhard Keils, was born in the Rhine Province. Germany. 
February 11. 18;:!"2: he was a soldier in the Prussian Infantry from April 1. 18r)4, to Sep- 
tember 27, 1857: he came to Mt. Clemens July 22, 1861, and uas made the city his home 
since that time; he labored on a farm in 18<)1 ; next, entered the emjiloy of O. W. Delano 
as clerk, which position he held for two years; afterward, was in the employ of T. W. 
Snook & Co. for eight yeai's: in 1872, he visit«d Germany; on his retm-n. in 1873, he es- 
tablished his present business of flour, feed and grain, and has carried it on since that 
time successfully. Mr. K. married Miss Anna M. Dahm, December 29, 18()li, to whom 
was born one child, since deceased. 

DOR KELLOGG, son of Alpheus Kellogg, a miller of Cayuga County, N. Y. . was 
born in Cayuga County, June 11, 1822: came to Oakland. County, Mich., in 1839, where 
he engaged in the milling business at Clarkston for five years; in 1844 or 1845, he re- 
turned to New York; came to Litchfield, Mich., in 18(i0. and to Mt. Clemens in 1870. 
Miv K. has identified himself with the flom-milling interests of the city since that time; 
he married Miss Harriet McLean, July 4, 1844; this lady died in 1852; in 1853, he mar- 
ried Miss Eliza A. Dutcher, to whom were born three children — Carrie C, Hattie E. and 
Anna C. Mi*. K. is religiously a Baptist. 

MARTIN C. KELLY, M. D., one of the leading physicians and surgeons of the 
county, was born at Dexter. Washtenaw County, Mich., February 4, 1851 ; his father was a 
native of Ireland; came to the United States in 1844. and died in 1803; he was a Metho- 
dist Episcopal minister until 1855, when he became a minister of the Protestant Episcopal 
Chiu'ch. In 18()(), Dr. Kelly moved to Ann Arbor with his mother, where he gi'aduatod 
in pharmacy, in 1871, and in medicine in 1875. He located at Mt. Clemens the same 
year and ojaened an office there, May 18, where his j^ractice is fully established. His mar- 
riage with Miss Alice Snook, daughter of T. W. Snook, of Mt. Clemens, was celebrated 
May 29. 1877, to whom three childi-en were born — William T.. Ai-thur H. and Charles D. 
Kelly. The Doctor represents the Second Ward in the City Council; is a member of the 
Masonic order and an ardent supporter of every movement to advance the interests of Mt. 
Clemens. 

FREDERICK G. KENDRICK was born at Schlotheim, in Schwarzbm-g, Germany, 
May 14. 183('); came to this country, with his parents, from Germany, in 1844; they set- 
tled at Belvidere, Macomb County; from there they moved to Mt. Clemens; fi'om there to 
Marine City, St. Clair County. Mr. K. was educated in this country. From Marine, he 
moved to the township of Erin, Macomb County, and became a fsirmer and cattle broker. 
Took part in politics, held several tovsmship offices of trust; was elected member of the 
State Legislature in 1808. In 1870, he was elected Sheriff of Macomb County for two 
terms. Removed to the city of Mt. Clemens and engaged in hardware business and in 



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Lix: 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. o9:! 

the manufaetiu'e of sash, doors, blinds, etc., and contractor of buildings, in ISTT), in 
which he is still successfully engaged. He has an extensive sawmill in the township of 
Taymouth, where he manufactures his lumber. He has taken full part in the social, po 
litical, and industrial advancement of the county. He was married. May 5, 1802, to Hen- 
rietta Elsey, daughter of Henry Elsey, from Leipsi'". Germany. Mr. K. and wife were 
the parents of eight children, sis of whom are alive — live daughters and one son — oldest 
daughter, Caroline: Hattie, Emma, Bertha, Julia and youngest son, Frank. The family 
belong to the German Episcopal Lutheran Church. 

WILLIA.M KLEIN, sou of Andrew Klein, was born in Prussia, Germany, September 
27, 188(5; came with his family to Niagara, N Y.. in 1852, and settled in Erin Township, 
Macomb County, in l!sr):l Mr. K. was head sawyer for several years in saw-mill, and 
foreman for foiu' years. j)assing eighteen years in mills at Hamtramek. He was married, 
January 1, 1861. to Miss Augusta Meir. to whom five children were born — Amelia, Charles, 
Minnie, Willey and Augusta. He resides on his farm. Section 'A\, Clinton, where he owns 
seventy-two acres well improved. He is at present Drain Commissioner. Tlie family 
belong to the Cxerman Lutheran Church. 

ALEXANDER KNIGHT (deceased), son of Robert, was born at Edinburgh, Scotland, 
June y, 180'J; came to Rochestei', N. Y., iu 1833, and to Detroit in 1834; he was a black- 
smith by trade and did all the smithing for the C. & K. Canal in its course through Ma- 
comb County. During this time, his family remained at Detroit. After coming to Mt. 
Clemens, he was very successful: at one time, he owned a large tract of land at Detroit 
and several blocks in the center of Mt. Clemens: he was a dealer in real estate, a house 
builder, a business man at New Baltimore and an active, industrious and honest citizen. 
He was married in Scotland in 1S32, to Miss Annie Anderson, who came to the United 
States a few months after her husband. They were the parents of eleven children, six of 
whom are living — Jeannette, Margaret, Mary A., Alex, Rowena and Devena. Mr. K. was 
tax collector for some time. His death took place August o, 1881. 

JULIUS KOEHLER, son of John Koehler, of Germany, was born at Detroit October 
27, 1843: his parents came to Detroit from Germany in 1839 or 1840: moved to Mt. 
Clemens in 18r)3. Mr. Koehler came here with his family and has made the city his 
home since that timi^. save six years passed at Detroit learning blacksmith's and wagon- 
maker's trades and working at these trades. He established a wagon, carriage and black- 
smith shop at Mt. Clemens in 18()8. beginning on a small sxiaieand gradually building up 
a good business, giving employment to five or six skilled workmen. He was married, De- 
cember 17, 1874. to Miss Pauline Winkler, to whom three children were born — Clara, 
William E. and Julius M. Mrs. K. is a member of the Lutheran Chiu-ch. Mr. K. is a 
member of the I. O. O. F. , in which order he has passed all chairs, and represents the 
Mt. Clemens Lodge in the Council of the Grand Lodge. He was elected first Alderman 
of the Third Ward of the city in 1879, and served two years. 

JOHN KUHN was born November 30. 1842, at Niederwald, Hessen, Germauv. His 
father's name was Frantz Kuhn; he attended the common schools at home, from 1848 to 
1857. He served his apprenticeship in a book and stationery store in Marburg for three 
years, and served them for teji years after his apprenticeship. After leaving Marbiu'g, he 
went to Frankfort-on-the-Main, and entered a merchant and tailoring establishment as 
a salesman for three years: thence with the banking house of Seligmann & Co., as col- 
lector, with which firm he remained until 1N()5, when he emigrated to America: arrived at 
Detroit, Mich., in November. 1865. and accepted an engagement with G. Doeltz & Bros., 
where he remained as salesman for nine years; came to Mt. Clemens in the year 1874, and 
entered into partnership with his brother-in-law, P. Ulrieh. under the firm name of P. 
Ulrich & Co: since then, this firm has dissolved partnership and continues in the same 



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line of business under the name of Ulrich, Kuhn & Co. He was married, in 1S70, to Miss 
Catherine Elizabeth Ulrich. There were born to them four children, two sons — Frantz 
and John — and two daughters —Laura and Matilda. He was elected Alderman of the 
Second Ward, in ISSl: is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Lutheran Chui'ch of 
Mt. Clemens; also a member of the Masonic Lodge of the same place; a member of the 
Royal Arch Chapter: also a member of the Knight Templar Commandery, of Romeo, 
No! f). 

FRANCIS LETOURNEAU (deceased) was born in Harrison Township, two and one- 
half miles below Mt. Clemens, December 2, ISOO; his grandfather was a native of France 
and his father a native of Canada. In IS] 2, Mr. L. located at Detroit, where he learned 
the carpenter's trade; he subsequently studied architecture. He was married, in liS21. to 
Clotilde Girardin, born at Detroit November 7, 1797, daughter of James Girardin, of 
Lower Canada. They were the parents of eight childi'en — Moses F. , deceased, was or- 
dained priest; Emily, married Aug. Henquenet; Charles R. , deceased; Louis J., was or- 
dained priest, now of Notre Dame College, Indiana; Josephine, married the late Mr. Par 
quette; Sarah, resides at home, and Timothy and EJeanor, deceased. Mr. L. came to Mt. 
Clemens in 1S54, and made the village his home until his death, in ISfiO. He built the 
Michigan Exchange at Detroit in 18H2, superintended the building of Fort Wayne and 
several light-houses for the United States Government, built the steamboats knovra as the 
Michigan, the Detroit and the Illinois, together with many other boats; di-ew the plans 
for St. Peter and Paul's Catholic Church and St. Ann's Chiu'ch, Detroit, and was a 
prominent builder and contractor of the State. He held the position of Village Trustee 
for one year; was a most estimable citizen and a native pioneer of Macomb County, The 
Letourneau family have always been members of the Catholic Church. 

EDWARD W. LEWIw' born in Macomb Township July 17, 1844; son of Wesley 
and Hannah Lewis, of Massachusetts, where he was educated. He was married, in May, 
ISBS, to Anna Dutton, a native of Chautauqua County, N. Y., and daughter of Ransom 
Dutton, They are the parents of four children — Jessie, Eddie, Hattie and Harry. Mr. 
L. has been Councilman for four years and is a member of the Masonic Order and of I. 
O. G. T, 

WESLEY LE^VIS, born in Jefiersou County, N. Y., August 2-2. 1S14, son of Labin 
Lewis, of New Hampshire; he was educated in Massachusetts, to which State his parents 
moved when he was still yoimg; located in Genesee, N, Y., in ISHO, and in Macomb 
County, in 1888, for a short time: he visited again in 1831), and located permanently in 
1840; he followed agi'iculture in Lenox for four years; kept the county house one yeai'; 
labored for some time at Mt, Clemens; shared in building the lighthouse at Point Bargue, 
Lake Huron, in co apany with Harrison Warren; bought Mt. Clemens saw-mill in 1848 or 
1849, which he sold in 1852, remaining as foreman of the mill until 1877. He was mar- 
ried, to Miss Hannah Warren, in 1842; they are the parents of five children, of whom 
Mary, Edward, George H. and Frank W, are living. 

WILLIAM LITTI,E was born in Colchester Township, Essex County, Canada, on 
the shore of Lake Erie, where he was educated; he caiTied on a farm there until 185H, 
when he came to Clinton Township, Macomb County: here he farmed until 1S65, when 
he returned to Canada. In July, 187VI, he came to Mt, Clemens and opened a private 
boai'ding-house; subsequently, he Ijecame proprietor of the St. Cloud House, which he now 
conducts. He was married, in March, 1851, to Sarah Butler, to whom five children were 
born: Delos, Charles, and Adelaide are living: one daughter. Georgia A, , died December 14, 
18S1, aged twenty-one years. Mrs. Little is a member of the Protestant Episcopal Chiu-ch. 

HENRY LODEWYCK was raised and educated at Detroit; he came to Mt. Clemens 
in 1S72; in 1879, be established his e.xtensive and well-managed livery concern, valued at 



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HISTORY (JF MACOMli COUNTY. 



$6,000, together with buildings and grounds. This livery ih connected by telephone with all 
the principal hotels of the city. In February, LS70, Mr. L. mari-ied Pauline Rivard, to whom 
were bora seven children, live of whom are living — Ida, Henry, Caroline, Rose and Fran- 
cis. Aftpr the death of Mrs. L., he married for his second wife Rose Rivard, in 1880, to 
whom one child was born- Arthur Lodewyck. 

JOSEPH LONSBY, an extensive dealer in lumber, shingles, laths, cedar posts and 
part owner of the steamer, Ida Burton, and the barge, S. H. Johnston; established his 
business here in 1875, where he continued until ISSl, when he moved south of the river. 
Mr. Lonsby was born in Jefferson County, N. Y., July 24, 1887; his father, Peter Lonsby, 
was a native of Canada. Mr. L. came to Michigan in isr)4; clerked at Pine Run, Gen- 
esee County, for three years, was engaged in lumbering in Alcona County for live years, 
until coming to Mt. Clemens, in 1875. He married Miss Lucy Ann Webster, of Ohio, in 
18()0, to whom were born Charles and John Lonsby, the latter of whom is dead. Charles 
entered into partnership with his father in 1SS2. Mr. L. is a member of the Masonic R. 
A. and a Master Mason. 

FLOYD LUFKIN, son of Varnum Lufkin, an old and respected citizen of Mt. Clem- 
ens, was born in the village September 15, 1S45; was educated here, and labored in the brick 
factory until 18(U, when he went to Kansas, Colorado, Utah and Montana, returning to 
Mt. Clemens in 18r)7. He was married, December 81. 18(jy, to Miss Mary Walker, 
daughter of the late George Walker, of Mt. Clemens. They are the parents of Blanche, 
Kittie and Varnum. 

TRANGOTT LUNGERSHANSEX, born at Ai-tern, Prussia, July 1, 1888, came to 
the United States in 1S52, where he leai-ned the carpenter trade, at which he worked in 
Detroit for a term of four years; after that, he was farming, until 1871, when he opened 
a flour and feed store at Mt. Clemens; subsequently, a hardware store, which he operated 
until his election as Register of Deeds, in 1874. He was re-elected in 187(') and 187S, 
holding the office with credit to himself and to the county until ISM, when Col. Farrar 
succeeded him, under whom he is now Deputy Register of Deeds. Mr. L. married Miss 
Emily Stechert, in January, 185fi, to whom six children were born, live of whom are 
livincr. 

T. F. MARRIOTT, born in Wayne Counjty, N. Y., November 8, 18(>7, son of T. F. 
Marriott, of England, came to Mt. Clemens in January, 1881 ; has been employed by Mi-. 
Peter Greiuer as clerk since March 14 of that year. 

CHARLES MASON, sou of Thomas Mason, was born in Lincolnshire, England, Octo- 
ber 18, 1850: came with his family to Canada in 1852, where he attended the common 
schools. He came to Mt. Clemens in 1873, where he worked for Van Eps & Co. one year. 
In 1874, he visited Louisville, Ky. ; from there, he went to Brownsville, Tenn., thenceto 
Memphis, Tenn,, in September, 1875, and returned to Mt. Clemens in the spring of lS/6, 
where he established his boot and shoe house. He was married, in May, 1880, to Matilda 
Wood, daughter of Samuel Wood, of Mt. Clemens. 

ALMANZO MATTHEWS, son of Sidney Matthews, was born in Fairtield Township, 
Lenawee County, Mich., July 7, 1844. He was educated in Macomb County, whither he 
removed with his parents in 1S49. Mr. M. served in Company G. Eighth Michigan Cav- 
alry, for three years, and participated in the brilliant services of that command. He was 
wounded at Knoxville and subsequently served in hospital duty until transferred to the 
Veteran Reserve Corps, at Chicago, in the fall of 18(U. He learned the mason's trade in 
LSfK) and l.S()7, at wnich he has worked almost since that time. He moved from his farm 
to Mt. Clemens in 1875, He was married to Miss Emma Sheldon in Janu;yy, ISIili. 
This lady is the daughter of the late Amariah Sheldon, an old settler of Macomb. They 
are the parents of three children — Angeline, Nettie A. and Frank B. 



1^ 






^k 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



HENRY F. MEIER, Professor of Chemistry, with the Mt. Clemens Sulpho-Mineral 
Salt Company, son of the late Dr. Henry F., a prominent physician of Philadelphia; was 
born in Mecklenburg. Crermany. in April. 1S4S: came to the United States with his par- 
ents in 1S,")1: was educated in Philadelphia; entered the di'ug business in 18<)2: studied 
at the New York College of Pharmacy, and has been engaged as a manufacturing chemist 
since his arrival at Detroit, in the fall of ISfiO. where he was in the employ of Swift 
Bros, and, subsequently, in that of Parke, Davis & Co.: he located at Mt. Clemens in July. 
ISSl, and connected himself with the Mineral Springs Company as chemist. To him is 
due much of the valuable information given to us on the subject of constituents of mineral 
waters, of Mt. Clemens. 

DYKES MILLAR, son of John Miller, of Scotland, was born in Monroe County, N. 
Y. , March 12, ISOH: came with his father to Macomb in 1881. and located land on Section 
19, Clinton, on the south bank of the river. He encountered all the obstacles of the pio- 
neer. He Iniilt a log house in 1N32, the walls of which are still standing. In January, 
1838, he married Miss Emma Harvey, to whom four children were born, three of whom 
are living — John. James and Robert; the daughter. Belle, died at the age of twenty-foui' 
years. Mr. Miller was Major on Gen. Stockton's staff diu'ing the Toledo war, and more 
recently has tilled the quieter ofiSces of Notary Public and Highway Commissioner. 

NORTON L. MILLER, born in Berkshire County, Mass., December 2, 1815, was son 
of Ozni Miller, of Connecticut, son of Samuel Miller, a soldier of the Revolution, son of 
Miller who came from England and settled in Connecticut prior to the Revolution. Ozni 
Miller and family left Massachusetts in 1818 ;uid located in Monroe County, N. Y., ten 
miles south of Rochester; in 1882, the family settled in Ray Township, this county, where 
the elder Mr. Miller died in 1840. Norton L. taught school during the winter terms, 
but labored principally at his trade as miller until 18()<v. he was elected County Register 
of Deeds, in ISof), and re-elected in 18r)8 He bought the Lakeville mills, in Oakland 
Coimty. in December, 1801, and operated them for five years: he was Postmaster at Lake- 
ville for four years, under apjsointment of the Lincoln administration. He retiu-ned to 
Mt. Clemens in June, 1867; was elected a member of the Michigan Legislatui'e in 18(i8, 
and re-elected in 1870: he married Miss Frances E. Lewis. July 4. 1848; they are the 
parents of six children; Fred C. served in Company I, reorganized Third Infantry, and 
died in the late war; L. M. Miller is clerk in the Government office at Lansing: the other 
children are Fannie M.. Abner P., William N. and Millie Miller. Mrs. Miller, daughter 
of William Lewis, and sister of George F. Lewis, of Saginaw and Bay City, was born at 
Harvard, Mass., and came with her parents to Macomb in 1885: William A. Lewis, ano- 
ther brother, is a resident of Everett, Mich. 

ROBERT E. MILLER, son of Dykes Miller, was born in Clinton Township, August 
K), 1842. He married Miss Mary Shanley, February 22, 18()5: this lady was a daughter 
of Edward Shanley, who came from Detroit to Macomb County in 1852. They are the 
parents of nine children, of whom six are living— Emma. Edward, Mattie. Florence, Rob- 
ert and Mar}-. In his early years, the Indian children then camped near his father's 
house were his playmates: with them he hunted and jjassed his childhood days: subse- 
quently, he attended common schools and laboi'ed on a farm. He has been School Di- 
rector for several years. 

WALTER W. MITCHELL (deceased) was born at Chester. Conn., son of William 
Mitchell, sea captain, who came to Mt. Clemens in 1845 and settled on North Gratiot 
street, adjoining the village. He was married, in 1837. to Frances Cantield. daughter of 
Joel Cantield. To them were born two sons — William W., a partner in the banking house 
of Fisher & Preston. Detroit, and Henry T., who manages the farm. Both brothers deal 
in tine short-horned cattle. The leading feature of their herds is the young Aelrie 



~® |V 



4. 




Duchess, the only calf of Duke of Aelrie and Duchess, now in Michigan, and only full- 
blood Duchess in the State. She was bought, when a few days old. from Avery & Murphy, 
of Port Hiu-on, for $5,500, in June, 1881. They have some full-blood Dui-hams on the 
Brooks farm, at West Novi, Mich. W. W. Mitchell and this Mr. Brooks own the Duke 
of Lexington. Henry T. is the owner of Lady Duchess, from Old Splendor, imported 
from New York. 

FRANKLIN P. MONFORT, son of Isaac Monfort, one of Shelby's pioneer farmers, 
was born June (>, 1842, in Shelby; received his early education at the Disco Academy and 
Oxford Institute, under Profs. A. M. Keeler and S. A. Taft; attended the State Normal 
and Union Schools at Ypsilanti. He married Miss Sarah E., daughter of Jacob Bowers, 
of Addison, Oakland County, May l:i 1808; they have one child — Merton B. ; he taught 
school in several places in Oakland and Macomb Counties, dtu'ing the winters, and farmed 
diu'ing the summers; i ntered the law department at the Michigan Univei'sity, in 1878, 
gi-aduated and was admitted to the bar in 1880; he was elected to the office of Circuit 
Court Commissioner the same year, and has since been practicing law at Mt. Clemens. 

OLIVER MOORE, son of Si"mon M. , of Harrison Township, was born in Clinton 
Township February 20. 1840: his grandfather. Lawi-ence Moore, was forced into the 
British service in Quebec during the Revolution, fi-om which service he and two co'urades 
escaped, and, walking to a point opposite Port Hiu-on. crossed the river and was among 
the iirst settlers in Harrison Township, where he bought land from the Indians. Oliver 
Moore maiTied Miss Catherine Taylor April IH, 18f)0. May 22, 1870, he man-ied Miss 
Erzelia Rivard; the childi-en of the fii-st marriage were Victoria, Oliver, William and 
James; the children of the second marriage were Louis B. , Gilbert, Nettie, Hattie, 
Frank. Josephine and Louise. 

JOHN MORDHORST. proprietor of the Detroit House, formerly the City Hotel, 
took charge of it in October. 1879. Mi-. Mordhorst was born at Kiel, Holstein, in 
1842; came with his parents to Detroit in 1856; went to Missom-i in 1862; served in 
Company A, four months' militia, principally on provost duty, until bis retui'n to Detroit 
in 1864; subsequently, he visited the Lake Superior District, and there manufactured the 
tii-st cigars ever made in Keweenaw County. Mich., in 18()(): retm-ned to Detroit in 186/, 
and was cigar manufacturer there until 1879, when he came to Mt. Clemens. He was 
maiTied, April 14, 1868, to Bertha Hochral, to whom three children were born — Clara, 
John and Rosa. 

IGNACE A. MORASS, son of Anthony and grandson of Ignace Morass, was born at 
Belvidere. Macomb County, September 1, 1827; his father and gi-andfather were born at 
Hamtramck, on Detroit River; former in 1796 and the latter in 1771; his great-grand- 
father came from France in the military corps under Montcalm; was at the surrender of 
Quebec in 1759 and among those banished to Detroit. The grandfather helped to build 
Fort Gratiot during the war of 1812, and was one of the best carpenters in the Northwest 
Territory. He also built h saw-mill on Black River, which was the first mill used to saw 
round logs. The Morass family moved to Macomb in 1805. G. T. Ignace Morass raised 
2,000 bushels of wheat some years, and su^jplied the settlers with seed wheat, oats and 
barley — in fact, he was the ijiost extensive farmer in Michigan. With the exception of 
a ride across the river into Canada, and his visit to the Centennial, the present Mr. Morass 
has never left his native State. He was married. Februai-y 20. 1855, to Miss Margaret 
Stapleton, daughter of William Stapleton. They were the parents of ten children — 
Olive, Mary, Anna, Ignace. Florence, Elizabeth and Joseph, are living. The family be- 
long to the Catholic Chui-eh. 

CHARLES MOSER (deceased) was born near Paris, France, in July, 1805; came to 
Philadelphia in 1823; moved to Juniata County, Penn. . shortly after, and was engaged 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



in mercantile work until 185."), when he moved to Mt. Clemens. That year, he opened a 
money office and also established a meat mai-ket here. Mr. Moser mai'ried Mrs. Elizabeth 
Middlesworth, a dauojhter of Christian Fall, in March, 18:11. They were the parents of 
eight children — Clotilda. Isaac. Jackson, Lydia A., Edward, Mary M., Jennie E. and 
A^'illiara H. Mrs. Moser had one child by her previous marriage — John Middlesworth. 

WILLIAM H. INIOSER was born "at Mt. Clemens July 2(j, 1857: son of Charles 
Moser, who came from Pennsylvania to this city in 1855; was educated here; has been 
engaged in handling cattle since his youth, and has made a success of the meat market 
which he established in 1S78. Mr. Moser was married in October, 1S7N, to Miss Minnie 
Rutz, of Detroit. 

SAMUEL R. MULVEY, son of Joseph Mulvey, of Ireland, who came to Montreal, 
Canada, when young, was boi-n at Rochester. N. Y. , May 14. IX'M. Samuel came to Ma- 
comb with his parents in 1887, and located in Sterling Township. Joseph Mulvey was 
a farmer of Clinton until his death, in the fall of 1872. S. R. Mulvey was married to 
Miss Susan Riley, daughter of Michael Riley, in 1868; to them five children wore born 
— Mary A., Mattie E., George E., Emma and Robert S. He now lives on the farm that 
Joseph Mulvey owned, ninety acres on Sections 150, 81 and 82, Clinton: was Constable for 
seven years and is now Justice of the Peace for the town of Clinton. The family belong 
to the Catholic Chiu'ch. 

THOMAS W. NEWTON, Sheriff of Macomb County, was born in Lincolnshire, En- 
gland, December (i, 1889. His father, Luke Newton, now residing at Bloomtield Center, 
Oakland County, located at Detroit in 1851. Thomas AV. passed his earlier years at his 
father's home in England, where also he was accustomed to walk three miles to school 
and make the ivturn trip every day; he left home at the age of seventeen, labored in vari- 
ous employments, was engineer of one of the Lake Superior copper mines for over two 
years, worked at the cai'penter's trade for a time, opened a butcher shop for mining trade, 
shipped cattle to the lake region and was extensively engaged in the cattle shijjping trade 
until his election as Sheriff of Macomb County, in 1880. Mr. N. is a member of the Mt. 
Clemens Masonic Lodge and also of the chapter. He married Miss Rebecca French, De- 
cember 81, 1867, of England, to whom were born two children — Ada M. and Hany T. 
Newton. 

ERNEST J. OLDE, merchant of Mt. Clemens, established his house on North Gra- 
tiot street in 1874. In 1869, he engaged in business with Paul Ulrich, under the firm 
name of Ulrich & Okie. Mr. Olde does a trade of $80,000 annually. His dry goods 
warehouse, wool department and business at Port Huron are all well conducted, purchase 
for cash being one of his leading characteristics or principles. It is his intention to add 
a first-class grocery and provision store to his Mt. Clemens establishment at an early day. 
Mr. Olde was born in Holstein, Germany, in 184(5: settled at New Baltimore, Macomb 
County, in 1854; moved to East Saginaw in 1860 and to Mt. Clemens in 18(')2. He mar- 
ried Miss Matilda Bulte, in 1871, to whom were born five chilcken — Grace, Hemy, Walter, 
Alice and Odella. Mr. Olde is a man of business, worthy and judicious in all matters, 
and determined to succeed in any enteri)rise he may embai'k in. 

JOHN OTTO, born in Prussia. Germany, January 1, 1882. came to the United States 
in 1854: worked in a Buffalo brick-yaixl for four months and came to Mt. Clemens in Oc- 
tober, 1854. In 1858. he entered the store of Sackett & Dickinson: on the dissolution of 
partnership. Mi-. Otto continued under Mr. Sackett, and entered into partnership with him 
in 1861. He continued his bvisiness until 1871, >vhen he sold his interest on account of 
ill health. He was appointed Postmaster at Mt. Clemens by the Arthirr administration, 
and took po.ssession of the office November 1, 1881. Mi-. Otto was married, in Germany, 
in 1854, to Miss Mary C. Schneider. This lady died April 22. 1872. He married for 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



liis second wife Miss Sophia Dubois, November 2(), 1878. Frederica K. and John are the 
childi'en of the first marriage. Mr. Otto has served as Trustee of the village for four 
years and Alderman for two years. This family belongs to the Catholic Chui'ch. 

GEORGE PAEEOTT was born in Bedfordshire, England. July 8, 1832: a son of 
Daniel of same shire, who came to America in ISri-t. Mj-. P. came to Redford, Mich., in 
1852; worked by the month there until he came to this county, in 1859, when he located 
in Clinton Township, four and one-half miles from Mt. Clemens; he fanned for thirteen 
years; removed to the suburbs of Mt. Clemens in 1872; he is a farmer and stock-raiser 
and the owner of two farms. He married, December 25. 185(), Miss Elizabeth Simms, of 
England, to whom eight children were born, seven of whom are living Wallace, Ellen, Elsie. 
Horace, Lewis, Charlie and Leonard. The family belong to the Methodist Church, called 
the Protestant Methodist. 

ELDRIDGE G. PRATT (deceased), son of Joel and nephew of the Peter Pratt, who 
compiled the Pratt genealogy, was born at South Boston. Mass., June ](), 1805; came to 
Eocliester, N. Y., when a young man and to Mt. Clemens in 1832, where he engaged in 
the real estate business. He entered mercantile life here in 1835 and followed it success- 
fully until his death, September 2(5, 18IU. Mr. Pratt was married March (i. 1835, tx) Miss 
Prudence M. , daughter of Phineas Cook, of Connecticut, descended from one of three 
brothers — John — who came from Northampton, England, early in the seventeenth ceutiuy- 
Their names were Richard, John and George. In 1N23, the Cook family showed forty, 
three collegiate graduates. Mrs. Pratt was born July ICi, 1819, in Otsego Count}', N, Y. 
She is the mother of Almeda and Lorain Pratt, the former IVIi-s. T. C. Bell, of Lansing, 
the latter a graduate of the Philadelphia School of Elocution. Mr. Pratt built a frame 
house on Walnut street in 1833, which still stands near the engine-house. He organized 
a Methodist class here and was the first class leader after coming here. He was charitable 
in all things, a faithful Christian. He counted only thirty dwellings, stores, barns, etc, 
in Mt. Clemens in 1832. 

REV. WILLIAM WALLACE RAFTER, Rector of Grace Protestant Episcopal 
Church, of Mt. Clemens, was born on the 19th of April, A. D. 1842, in the parish of St. 
Lin, P. Q. His father, William Rafter, a native of Queens Coimty, Ireland, came to 
Canada in 1829 with his family. His mother died when he was about ten years old, 
after which he lived with his aunt in Brooklyn, N. Y. ; subsequently, he was sent to a 
select school in New Haven, Conn. ; in 1857, he was sent to the grammar school at Gam 
bier, Ohio, and, in 1859, entered the Freshman class in Kenyon College, Gambler: in the 
fall of 1803, he entered the Theological Seminary at Nashotah, Wis., and was ordained 
Deacon by Bisho}) Kemper, on Trinity Sunday. June, 1805. He immediately entered 
upon his duties as Rector of St. Matthew's Chm'ch, Kenosha, Wis., and was advanced to 
the priesthood on the 27th of December of the same year. In the spring of 18()G, he was 
elected Rector of St. Paul's Chui'ch, Kankakee, 111., and in the spring of 18()7 was 
called to the rectorship of Christ Church, La Crosse, Wis. In the summer of 18fiS, he ac- 
cepted an urgent call to the rectorship of Trinity Chiu'ch. Alpena, Mich. : while there, 
he built up a large and prosperous parish: in August, 1878, he was sent by the ecclesi- 
astical authority of the dioeese to lay the foundation for a new parish in Cheboygan. 
He rented the town hall for his Sunday services and soon gathered round him a congrega- 
tion. At the close of the first year, he had a Sunday school nimibering 100 scholars and 
twelve teachers: by the end of the second year, a new church had been built and conse- 
crated. In the fall of 188l), he removed to Saginaw, where he remained until he was 
called to the rectorship of Grace Church, Mt. Clemens. June 12, 1881. Mr. Rafter mar- 
ried Miss Annetta Bradley, daughter of B. L. Bradley, M. D.. of Woodstock, Ontario, 
May 14, 1873, to whom were born three ehildi-en — Josephine, Annetta and Emeline Cath- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



erine, both deceased, and Mary Adele, uow in her seventh year. Mr. R. is a Mason and 
a member of tht Philomathian Literary Society, and one of the founders of the Psi 
Chapter of the Chi Phi fraternity in Kenyon College. 

CfEORGE ROBINSON, of "the firm of Snook & Robinson, was born in Montcahn 
County, Province of Quebec, Canada, February 7, 184'i; son of William and Jane A. 
(Peyton) Robinson, the former a native of Ireland. Mr. Robinson moved with his parents 
into I^pper Canada in isr)4. where he resided until May, IST^S, when he came to the 
lUiited States and located at Mt. Clemens. Since that time, he has been intimately asso- 
ciated with the manufacturing interests of the city. He married Miss Sabrina Tomlinson, 
November '), 1870; this lady is the daughter of Jonathan Tomlinson, of the Toronto Dis 
trict, Canada, and gi-auddaughter of the British Captain, Osborne, who owned 700 acres 
on the site of Washington City, which was declared confiscated after the Revolutionary 
war and its claimant driven to Canada. 

JOHN ROSKOPP, proprietor of Mt. Clemens meat market, was born in Prussia Oc- 
tober 25. lS;!t); son of John Roskopp, who came from Prussia to Mt. Clemens in October, 
LSr)4, and still resides there. Mr. R. went to Chicago in 1855. to St. Louis in 1857, and, 
retm-ning in 1801, entered into partnership with A. Czizek and established a meat market in 
18()5; this partnership was dissolved subsequently ; he gave an interest to his brother 
Jacob; since 1870, Mr. R. has conducted the meat business alone. Since Stevens' patent 
refrigerator, charcoal -lined walls and large supply of ice enable him to keep a large stock 
of the finest meats, his packing business for home and lake trade is extensive. He mar- 
ried Miss Margaret Stapleton in 1804. They are the parents of six children — two daugh- 
ters and four sons. Mr. Roskopp is doing a very successful business. He uses steam 
power for sausage making and lard rendering. 

WILLIAM A. ROWLEY, son of Ransom M., of Monroe County, N. Y.. who came to 
Macomb County about 18H2, was born in Shelby Township November 8, 184H; he enlisted 
in Company B. Fifth Infantry, in July, 18()1; re-enlisted in 18(54, and served till the 
close of the war. He was one of the musicians attached to the command from its organi- 
zation. He was married. December 5, 1805, to Miss Theodosia Adams, daughter of Oliver 
Adams, an early settler of Macomb; the lady is a native of this county, and died here in 
January, 1807. February 10, ISOO, he married Miss Mattie M. Phillips, daughter of the 
[>ioneer, Ezra Phillips, deceased; they are the parents of three children — Maud, Mattie 
and Mary. Mr. R. was Treasurer of Shelby in 1808-09; came to Clinton Township in 
1870. of which he has been Supervisor for the past three years; is an extensive dealer in 
and breeder of pure Holstein cattle; has three thoroughbreds, two of which were imported 
from Holland; he also deals in fine Berkshire hogs, paying as high as $()0 for one to its 
owner, near Toronto, Canada; he imported Prince Bismarck, in May. 1879, from North 
Holland, the animal Ijeiug then four years old and weighing 2,400 pounds. 

F. W. RUTTER, born near Oxfo"rd, England, June 24, 1850. son of Robert Rutter, 
who came with his family to Wayne County. Mich., in 1853, and to Macomb County in 
1859; was educated in the common schools and at Mayhew's Business College, Detroit, 
where he graduated in 1870; he was book-keeper for John Clancy, of Detroit, for six 
months: clerk for George Law, of Mt. Clemens, for some time; fai'mer from 1875 to 1881, 
when he established the 99-ceut store in this city. Here he keeps a little stock of every- 
thing, and has a well-conducted and prosperous business. Mr. R. married Miss Marion E. 
Seely, October 20, 1874, to whom were born two children — Maud M. and Leslie F. 

WILLIAM H. RUTTER. born at Philadelphia August 28, 1828, is the son of 
Thomas Rutter, of Maryland, who was a sea captain and one of the I'^nited States survey- 
ors of the lakes in early days, and also died about 1882 or I83;l William L. came to Mt. 
Clemens with his mother in 1884, and made the city his home ever since, with the excep- 



"Hv 






tion of a few years passed in Ohio with his uncle. He learned the carpenter's and joiner's 
trades in 1848, and, for the last thirty-four years, has aided in building up the village of 
Mt. Clemens. He attended school and ehm-ch in the old log coiu-t house, witnessed the 
progress of education and religion since that time, was one of the first Trustees of Mt. 
Clemens Village, in 1851, and was Constal)le of the village for twenty three years success- 
ively and an old and esteemed member of the Masonic and I. O. O. F. Societies. Mr. 
Butter married Miss Emma Campbell, March i:^, ISfiO, to whom were born two children 
— W. Harry and Frederick; the former is Clerk in the Coiu't of Probate, in which position 
his efficiency and business qualities continue to win him hosts of friends. 

EEV. CHARLP:S RYCKAERT, pastor of St. Peter's Catholic Chiu-ch, Mt. Clemens; 
was bom in Belgiimi August 15, 1820; was educated in the College of Flanders; was or- 
dained priest of the Catholic Chiu-oh. at Ghent, Belgium, in 1847. Father R. served ten 
years in the ministry of the church in Belgium. In 1857, he went to Sauvain, Belgiiun, 
to help in establishing the American Seminary there, and, in 1858, left for the United 
States, arriving here in April of that year; he was appointed priest of the church at Hills- 
dale, Mich., where he remained for a term of thirteen years; in April, 1871, he was ap- 
j)ointed pastor of the St. Peter's, at Mt. Clemens: his administration of the parish has 
been marked with the highest results; the denominational system of education has grown 
to some importance >inder his direction, church property has been improved, the congre- 
gation has advanced in knowledge and prosperity. The new chm-eh was projected by 
him and, under his superintendence, will be carried through to completion. 

LEMUEL SACKETT (deceased), sou of Lemuel Sackett, of English descent, was 
bom near Pittsfield, Mass., November 8. 1808; came with his parents to Pittsford, N. Y., 
in 182'2, and to Clinton Township, Macomb County, in 1829; he cleared up a good farm 
here, which he cultivated until 1854, when he moved to Mt. Clemens; he lived in the city 
until his death, January Ki, 1882. Mr. S. married Miss Mary Miller, daughter of John 
Miller, a Scotchman, March 9, 1S29; the lady i- as born in New York State; they were the 
parents of sis children, thi-ee of whom are living — Lemuel, Frances Campbell and jVTartha 
Travers; two sons, John and Robert F., died of disease in the war of I8()l-t35. Mrs. S. 
is a member of the Presbyterian Chm-ch, of which her husband was a Deacon for over a 
quarter of a century. She is seventy-fom- years of age and in the enjovTnent of good 
health. 

LEMUEL M. SACKETT, son of Lemuel Sackett, of Massachusetts, who came to 
Michigan in 1828, was born in Clinton Township May 1, 1881, and was educated in 
the township and Mt. Clemens schools; taught school for two winter terms; began survey- 
ing in 1852, went to Port Huron in 1855, and was foreman in the lumber yard of A. & H. 
Fish for three years; dm'ing the winters, he scaled for the firm in the kunber woods; re- 
turning to Macomb, he followed agriculture until 1877, when he settled at Mt. Clemens: 
during the past thi-ee years he has been engaged in surveying. He was married, in No- 
vember, 1863, to Miss Emily L. Cole, daughter of Joseph Cole, who settled in the woods 
of Clinton in 1884. and died in July, 1878; to this marriage one child was born — Robert 
L. Mr. S. was elected Clerk of Harrison Township for two terms. 

EDGAR J. SALISBURY, manager for the Singer Manufactiu-ing Company, was 
born in Jefferson County, N. Y., March 20, 1S44; came, with his widowed mother, to La- 
peer, in 1852, where he was educated. The family moved to North Branch Township, 
Lapeer County, where Mr. S. laid out for himself a farm of 120 acres: subsequently, he 
lumbered for several years, and ultimately engaged with the Singer Manufacturing Com- 
pany in 1876. He came to Mt. Clemens in February, 1881. and took charge of the office 
in March of the same year. He married Miss Louisa C. Hosner, daughter of Jacob Hos- 



1>^ 



ner, an old settler of Bruce, October 8, 1873. to whom has been born one child. Mr. S. 
has live branch offices in the county, and takes an important part in building up the trade 
of the company which he represents here. The Singer factory has produced 561,036 
machines during the year 1881. 

JOHN A. SANDERS, son of Russell Sanders, descendant of a family by that name 
who came from Wales in the seventeenth century, was born in Westerly, Washington 
County, February 19, 1806. He followed the sea during his minority, aud then learned 
his trade, that of ship carpenter, at Providence, R. I. ; came to Macomb County in 1886, 
and. in 1837, served in the Clinton Guards, called out by Gov. Mason. He bought a 
farm in Lenox, where he remained for eleven years, part of the time working at his trade. 
He then moved to Mt. Clemens, where he built the following vessels: Schooners Mariner, 
Euphemia, Sea Bird. Elydia: sloop Francis: scows Argus. Dan Tucker. Mary Jane, Pike, 
John A. Sanders, Union, Harriet, Lily Dale. Emily: steam barges Nevada. Arizona. Flor- 
ence, Ida, Morning Star, Louis Gilbert. He also repaired and superintended the building 
of many others. He was married, in 1828, to Lavinia Crandall, who died in 1854. He 
then married Mvs. Anna L. Ryan, the daughter of John Russell, and a native of Lanca- 
shire, England. He has one daughter — Georgiana Sanders, and a step-son, the Rev. A. 
AV. Ryan. 

ADOLPH H. SHEFP'ERLY, foreman of Kendrick planing-mill. sash, door and blind 
factory, was born at Detroit November (i, 1851; son of John Sheiferly, who came from 
Switzerland to Detroit in 1848. IVIr. S. came to Mt. Clemens in January, 1876, and at 
once entered in charge of the factory: he is a practical architect, having designed the 
Lutheran Church building, the Porter Block, Dahm's store. S. M. Stone's residence at 
Ridgeway, and many of the finest residences of Mt. Clemens, inclu ing E. J. Olde's resi 
deuce: he was a member of the building firm of Shefferly Bros., of Detroit, for eight 
years: he is a member of the Catholic Cluu'ch. He was married, June .!(), ]878. to Mary 
Ann Kappeler. who was born in Switzerland: has one son — Robert Joseph Shefterly, born 
March lU, 187U; lost one son — Clarence Henry Shefi"erlv. He was elected Alderman for 
the First Ward early in 18S'2. 

CHARLES (CARL) SCHROEDER. born in Mecklenbiu-g, Germany. February To, 
1842, son of Frederick, who died in 1851: came to Wayne County, Mich., in 1859, where 
he labored on a farm for seven years; he was farm superintendent for Mr. AVilcox fom- 
years, after which he bought the farm and conducted it. He located in Clinton Town- 
ship in 1873, where he now owns 180 acres, on Section 29, well improved. Mr. S. married 
Miss Minnie Buckmau in 1866; of seven childi-en born to this luiion, five are living — 
William, Charles, Fred, Minnie and Bertha. Mrs. Schroeder died February 6, 1880. 
For his second wife, he married Miss Dorothea Siferliue, to whom one girl — Caroline — 
was born. The family belong to the German Lutheran Church. 

PROF. WESLEY SEARS, son of the late David Sears, of Monticello. Wis., was 
born in Knox, Waldo Co., Me., October 22, 1851. Prof. Sears moved with his parents to 
Green County, Wis., in 1854; thence to Hillsdale, Mich., in June, 1866: in August, 1870. 
the family returned to Wiscimsin, with the exception of Prof. Sears, who remained at 
Hillsdale College and graduated with the class of 1874; during the six years that he 
studied at this college, he taught school for three winter terms. After graduating, he 
took charge of the Eaton Rapids School, in the fall of 1874, remaining there until the 
fall of 1876, when he received the appointment of Principal of the Mt. Clemens Schools, 
a position which he has since held. Prof. Sears married Miss Nellie Law, December 29, 
1880; this lady, the daughter of the late Rev. Hiram La>y, was formerly a teacher in the 
public schools of Eaton Rapids and Centerville, Mich. 

MRS. SARAH SHARBONEAU was born in Canada in 1832: came with her parents 



#* 



. 4—^ 



to Marine City, Mich., in 1835, and to ML Clemens in 1844. She was married to Joseph 
Sharboneau in 18;i'2; they are the parents of three children — Edward, George and 
Charles B., all of whom are married. Mi-s. C. is the owner of the Star laundry, of Sit. 
Clemens, established by hor in 1881. 

THOMAS SIL^civLETON. owner of the Shackleton House, was born at Lowell, 
Mass., November 4. 1841: son of John Shackleton, of England, who came to the United 
States when a young man. The family moved to Danwich T^ownship, Elgin County, On- 
tario, in 1848, where Mr. S. was educated; since ISCt'I, he has alternately resided in ihe 
United States and Canada: in 187H, he came to Mt. Clemens and was engineer at the salt 
works for Snook. Bush & Moser; he returned to Canada, where he remained vmtil his set- 
tlement here in 1875: he built five houses in the city, together with the Shackleton House, 
built in 1881. Mr. S. is a painter by trade and also a licensed steamboat engineer; he 
married Miss Nancy Gilbert in Canada. July Ifi, 1874. 

EUGENE SHOOK, of the meroantilefirm of Law & Shook, was born in Dutchess 
County, N. Y., April 6, 1855. His father. Robert Shook, of Dutchess County, came to 
Michigan in 1856, and located at Mt. Clemens: here Mr. Shook was educated. After 
leaving school, he was book-keeper for George R. Law; from 1876 to 1880, he traveled 
through the Southern and Northwestern States. He was married, to Mary B. Williams, 
of Romeo, January 1, 1880, at Racine, Wis.: in February, 1882, he entered into part- 
nershiji with Mr. Law in the grocery trade. This business was established by Mr. Law 
in 1871. Now the amount of sales is e.stimated at 125,000 annually, with prospects of 
even greater advance. 

JACOB W. SHOOK, dealer in groceries, grain, feed and agricultural implements; 
was born in Dutchess County, N. Y., in February, 1840; son of Theron Shook, who came 
with his family to Mt. Clemens in 1848. Jacob W. resided on the farm until nineteen 
years old, when he visited Colorado and Montana au'l was engaged in mining for eight 
years. In 1867, he returned to Mt. Clemens and engaged in the grocery and feed busi- 
ness with L. N. Phillips, which partnership continued until 1878. That year Mr. Shook 
assumed sole control of the business and also engaged in the sale of agricultm-al imple- 
ments. This latter branch of his business is made a specialty in the summer seasons. 
He was married to Miss Mary C. Wilson, a native of Wayne County, N. Y., daughter of 
George Wilson, deceased. Mr. Shook has held the position of City Treasurer for the last 
three vears and is a member of the Masonic order. 

ROBERT SHOOK, born in Dutchess Coimty, N. Y,. Aiigust '24, 1848: son of the late 
Robert Shook, who came with his family to Mt. Clemens in 1854; was educated at Mt. 
Clemens. Here, in partner.ship with William E. Hall and Philii) Shook, he engaged in 
the hub and spoke manufacture. Sold his interest in 1874, and engaged in the lumber 
trade for one year; in 1875, he entered on the manufacture of furniture, and, in 1879. in 
partnership with W. B. Hiibbard, added the business :>i undertaker. Mr. Shook was mar- 
ried, October 6, 1868, to Miss Alice Roy, daughter of the late William Roy, of Mt. Clem- 
ens, to whom was born five childi-en, of whom Robert E., Letha Belle and Grace are liv- 
ing. Mr. Shook has been Trustee of the village from 1872 to 1874, and Treasurer in 
1874. He is a member of the L O. O. F. 

THOMAS SMITH, son "of Thomas, was born in Staffordshire, England, Juue 18, 
18lii; he came to Wayne County in 1848; then located in Huron, Ohio, in 1845. and re- 
tui-ned'to Wayne County in 1847; a y( ar later, he made his home in Ohio; in 1849. he 
located at Deti-oit. visited England in' 1858 and located in Clinton Township (m his retm-n 
in the fall oi the latter year. Mr. S. was married, in 1858, to Miss Ann Shenton; of her 
three children, Fr-ank S.. born August 18, 1859, survives. IVIrs. Smith died April 12. 
1860. Mr. Smith married Miss Dorothea Franklin, January 8. 1861; to her six children 



^^ 



'J^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COINTV. 



were born, of whom Sidney, Clara J., Henry F., Alfred and Anna, are living. The home- 
stead farm comprises sixty-three acres. 'Mr. S. has held the oifices of Highway Commis 
sioner and School Director. 

JAMES H. SNOOK (younger brother of John B., celebrated builder, 12 Chambers 
street, New York), son of James and Mary (Sayer) Snook, was born in St. Bride's, Lon- 
don, England, November 13, ISIH; he came with his parents to New York in June, 1S17; 
removed with them to Cranberry (near Princeton), N. J., in 1881; joined the Presbyterian 
Church in ISS"); came with his parents and eight brothers and sisters to Mt. Clemens, 
in June, 183(1; here he assisted his father and William Beer to build and run the first 
steam saw-mill in Eastern Michigan. In June, 183U, he married Sarah Ann, eldest 
daughter of Samuel L. Axtell, of Mendham, Morris Co., N. J., soon returning to Mt. 
Clemens for a permanent home. In 1840, he took a mile and a half of the Clinton & 
Kalamazoo Canal to build; the work required the employment of fi'om thirty-five to fifty 
men at once, and in those days it was generally believed that such work coidd not be done 
unless the men were furnished regular rations of whisky, but J. H. S. and wife were strict 
teetotalers, so she went to the " shanty " with him, and, by her superintending the board- 
ing-house and sanitary arrangements and his just and urbane treatment of the men, the 
"temperance job" became very popular with workmen, and none ever left it because 
whisky or whisky-drinkers were not employed. J. H, in \SV2, bought 400 acres of land 
in the west part of Clinton Township, and lived on it till his appointment as Postmaster 
in Mt. Clemens, 1S()8, which he held till his death, July S, 18S0; he was teacher in the 
Sabbath school and member of the choir in the Presbyterian Church, without a break, from 
July, 183(), till his last illness; also Ruling Elder and Deacon, from 1841. His character 
was noted for lu'banity, firmness and purity; his children .all joined his chui'ch before 
reaching majority; they were John J., born 1842, enlisted in the Twenty-second Volun- 
teer Infantry, l8r)2. married in lSl')6, farmer; Mary S. , born 1844, man'ied Dr. T. \V. 
Hitchcock, liiC)'), widowed in 1877; Rufus A., born in 1S4(), enlisted in the Twenty-second 
Volunteer Infantry, February 18()4, died May, 18()4; Kate S., born 1848, married J. W. 
Davis, 1872, widowed 1879; George H., 1852, married 1874, Postmaster and Elder in 
the Presbyterian Chm'ch in 1880, drowned April 27, 1881; Samuel, born IST)"), died Fel)- 
ruary, 1858; James E. , born 1801, still living in Mt. Clemens. 

GEORGE H. SNOOK (deceased), son of James and Sarah (Axtell) Snook, was born 
near Mt. Clemens April 20, 1852. He married Miss Nellie N. Slight, daughter of George 
Slight, now of Sterling Township, to whom were born two chikkeu — George J. and Mar- 
gery Ethel. This estimable citizen was drowned on Lake St. Clair, April 27, 1881, a full 
reference to which is made in the history of Mt. Clemens. 

THOMAS W. SNOOK, of the firm of Snook & Robinson, son of James and Mary 
Sayer Snook, of England, was born in New York City -4.pril 10, 1822; parents came to the 
United States in 1816; T. W. came with his parents to Michigan in 183(3; entered mer- 
cantile life at Mt. Clemens in May. 1849, which continued until April, 1870; married 
Miss Emily A. Hubbard, April K), 1844; the lady died in August, 1859; he married for 
his second wife Hairiet J. Rice, May 1, 18(31. Mr. S. has been President of the village 
for one year; Director of the School Board for six years; of the Presbyterian Church for 
thirty years; is now a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church and of the Masonic, 
Odd Fellows and Good Templars Societies. 

SILAS B. SPIER, son of Samuel Spier, of Columbia County, N. Y., who settled 
in Kalamazoo County, Mich., in 1860, and died there in 1875, was born in Ontario 
County, N. Y., January 8, 1854; came to Michigan with his parents in 1S60; attended 
the schools at Kalamazoo; passed one year at the Agricultural College of Lansing, and 
gi-aduated from Olivet College in 1876. He read law in Mr. A. L. Canfield's office, passed 



sifV 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



examination in open com-t aud was admitted to the bar. in May. 1S77. and entered at once 
upon th«? practice of his profession. Uis marriage with Miss Julia L. El dredge, daughter 
of Judge J. B. Eldredge. took place May 21, ISSO. 

HENRY H. STEEVENS was born in Clermont, Columbia Co., N. Y., on the banks 
of the Hudson. September 14, IS^fi: came with his parents to Michigan in 18H5, and was 
educated here: he, with W. J. Canfield. started the tirst Republican journal of Macomb 
County. Ml-. S. was married to Miss Eliza A. Miller, daughter of Milton Miller. January 
1, 1N5S: they were the parents of five children, four of whom are living. 

HORACE STEEVENS (deceased), born at Sharon. Conn.. August 'I'd, 1/99; came to 
Macomb County in ISHI^, and made a settlement at Frederick, which he named after his 
brother. Frederick, of Detroit, and platted in 1835: he and his brother purchased the 
Frederick mills and in many other respects did much to develop the industrial resources 
of the county; live of his children are living. Judge S. died in March. 1S4U. A reference 
to the political and organic chapters of general history will point out Mr. S.'s services as 
Associate Judge of Macomb County. 

CHARLES TACKELS. Treasurer of Macomb County, was born at Romeo November 
22, 1S27; son of Alex. Tackels, noticed iu the general history of the county, who died in 
1861. IMr. T. left home at the age of eighteen, passed fifteen years lumbering, was a 
dealer in real estate, grain, etc.. for some years, until his election as County Treasurer in 
1878; his re-election in 1880 was another evidence of popular esteem, as deserved as it 
was freely accorded. IVir. T. married Cynthia King, daughter of Alexis King, deceased, 
August 20. 1866; they are the parents of two children —Charles M., book-keeper in the 
First National Bank, "of Romeo, and Louise C. Since his election to the County Treas- 
urership. Mr. T. makes Mt. Clemens his home. 

HENRY TAYLOR, M. D., is a soq of the late Dr. Henry Taylor, who came from 
New York State to Oakland County in 1824, to Mt. Clemens in 1826, and a leading phy- 
sician here, as well as the senior practitioner in the State until his death, I>ecember 18, 
1876. The present Dr. Taylor was born at Mt. Clemens February 14. 1882; was educated 
here, studied medicine under his father and graduated at Ann Arbor in the class of 1855; 
retm-ning to Mt. Clemens, he entered upon the practice of his profession, which he con- 
tinued up to the present time. Dr. Taylor, Sr.. was the first to have the mineral waters 
analyzed, and, in conjunction with his son. erected the first bathhouse at the springs. 
Dr. T. is a member of the N. E. Medical Association and also holds a membership in the 
State Medical Society. His marriage with Miss Marion A. Ferris took place in October, 
1859; they are the parents of two children— Harry F. and Jesse M. Taylor. 

J. C. THOMSON, born in Toronto. Canada, in August. 185:i, came to the United 
States in 1869; was employed as Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue in Mississippi 
for several years: came to Detroit. Mich., in 1873; was employed as commercial traveler 
in boot and" shoe business to the present time; opened a clothing, boot and shoe store in 
Mt. Clemens in September, 1880; business successful, and now occupies two stores; is the 
son of William Thomson, of Barrie, Ontario; grandson of the late Col. E. W. Thomson, 
of Toronto. 

EMORY TRUFANT, d«ceased, grandson of Trufant, of La Fayette's French troops 
of the Revolution, and son of John Trufant, was born at Harvard, Mass.. in 1814. His 
father died in 1814, so. at the age of fifteen, Mr. Trufant had to enter on th- realities of 
life; in 1828, owned one-half interest in stage line, and drove from Harvard to Charleston, 
Mass.: sold stage line, bought interest in canal-boat on Erie Canal, and came to Mt. 
Clemens in US^S. He was one of the first white men who wintered on Lake Superior since 
the French explorers of early days. He passed a few years there as overseer of the copper 
mines. Of late years, he has dealt extensively in pine and farming lands, and, at the time 

^ « r- ~^ a> 'V 



,k 




of liis death, was President of the First National iiauk, Greenville, Mich. Mr. Trufant 
was married, July 2'i, 1847. to Miss Charlotte Gibbs, a native of Cattaraugus County, N. 
Y., daughter of Samuel Gibbs. deceased. They were the parents of three children — John 
R., Florence* J. and Alice M. He was a member of the Masonic and I. O. O. F. orders. 
His death took place April 'IH, 1874. 

JOHN R. TRUFANT. son of Eniury B. Trufant (deceased), was born in Clinton 
Township June (), 1848. He was educated in the common schools of the district; labored 
on the farm, and passed several wintei's in the lumber woods of Montcalm, where his 
father had a saw-mill at Trufant Village. John R. resides on the old homestead. Private 
Claim 188, where he owns a farm of 220 acres. He was married, in May, 1871, to Miss 
Annie &. MeChesney, daughter of Wallace McChesney. They were the parents of four 
children, of whom three are living — Arthur. Catherine and John. Mr. Trufant is a mem- 
ber of Masonic, I. O. O. F., Grauge and R. A. societies. He traveled through Dakota, Ne- 
braska, Minnesota and Manitoba in 1880. 

CAPT. ALBERT H. TUCKER, son of Henry Tucker, was born in Harrison Township 
November 18, 1889. His earlier years were passed on the farm; since 1858 or 1854, has 
been engaged in lake navigation. At the age of seventeen, he was Captain of the scow 
Presque Isle, and has held the position of Captain on various boats almost uuiuteiTuptedly 
since that time, being now in charge of the Ida. He has run between Mt. Clemens and 
Detroit for the last twelve seasons. Capt Tucker was married, November 24, 1878. to 
Miss Maggie Lacey, daughter of Michael Lacey. They were the parents of three chil- 
dren, two of whom are living — Arthur J. and Frank H. 

EDWARD J. TUCKER, son of John Tucker, was the first white male child born in 
the county of Macomb; was born in Harrison Township January 18, 18ir). Regarding 
the family, a full sketch is given in the pioneer chapter of the general history. Edward 
J. Tucker located in Mt. Clemens in 1888, where he engaged in the building business; 
was a merchant for six years, and established the lime manufacture in 184(), which is his 
present business. Mr. Tucker married Sarah B. Snooks, of New York City, September 
24. 1840. He has been a member of the City Council; is a strong temijerance and anti- 
tobac(!0 man. and is numbered among the enterprising men of the city. He is descended 
on his mother's side of Frencdi ancestors, from Dr. Chapaton, a surgeon of the army of 
occupation, posted at Detroit, at the time of surrender to the British. 

GEORGE A. S. TUCKER, son of E. J. Tucker, was born on North (Jratiot street, Mt. 
Clemens, June 5. 1851; he is a carpenter and joiner. He was manned, May 15, 1878, to 
Miss Cari'ie C. Kellogg, daughter of Dor Kellogg, to whom were born two children, of 
whom Edward D. is living. 

■JAMES G. TUCKER, attorney at law and Justice of the Peace, was born at Mt. 
Clemens November 80, 1855. His father. Rev. James G. Tucker, came to Mt. Clemens as 
cashier of the old Macomb County Bank. Mr. Tucker moved with his parents to New 
Orleans in 1800. where he resided until 1870. His mother died in that city in 1N07; 
father died there in 1871, one year after James G. and his sister, Miss Mary B., returned 
to Mt. Clemens. Here he conducted school for four years; passed some years in office of 
Probate Judge; was elected Township Superintendent of Schools in April, 187N; Justice 
of the Peace in 1879; was admitted to the bar in 1880, and, the same yeai-. was elected 
Clerk of Mt. Clemens City. His marriage with Miss Eliza B. Wood, a teacher in the city 
schools, took place September 9, 1881. 

CHARLES ULLRICH was born November 27, 188(>, in the village of Diemerode, in 
the kingdom of Hesse, and is the son of Jacob and Elizabeth Ullrich. He attended school 
in Eiu'ope until he was foui'teen years of age, at which time he left school and worked upon 
a farm until he arrived at the age of seventeen years, when he concluded to leave the Old 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



World and try his fortune in the New. He landed in the country comparatively without 
means, and a stranger to the people and their language. He came to Detroit, and at once 
went to earning his livelihood by working at the butcher's trade: worked there six months, 
and then removed to Chicago, remaining there about one year. The following year, he 
worked in St. Louis and New Orleans. At each of the last-named places, he carried on 
the business of butchering. He finally returned to Detroit, and, after a short time, came 
to Mt. Clemens, and, on the "idth of September, 1857, he entered into a copartnership with 
August Czizek, of Mt. Clemens, and opened a meat market. They conducted this business 
for two and one-half years, when Mr. Ulrich sold out his interest to his partner, and at 
once went into the live stock business, which trade he carried on for a number of years, 
and, during the war, he took many heavy contracts from the United States Government 
for furnishing horses for the cavalry. In many of these contracts, and in pine land spec- 
ulations, he was connected with the late J. B. Dickinson. He finally abandoned the live 
stock business and went into the real estate business, buying and selling farms and city 
property, which business he now devotes his time to. Mi-. Ullrich married Margaret S. 
Miller, daughter of John W. Miller, November "JT, ISriS, and now has three children^ 
William J., now in his twenty-second year; Reuben C, aged nineteen; and Frank P., 
aged sixteen. He was elected Alderman of the city of Mt. Clemens in the year ISSO, 
which position he held for two years. As a member of the City Council, he was one of 
the most active and efficient workers; served upon many of the most important and stand- 
ing committees, and was one of the most able and prominent members of the Special 
Building Committee, who had the matter of erecting the new court house in cliar.e. He 
has, by thrift and economy, amassed quite a large fortune; is the owner of some of the 
finest and choicest property in the city of Mt. Clemens. He is recognized as a man of 
remarkably good judgment and very quick perception, in this and adjoining counties, where 
he is well and favorably known. 

PAUL ULLRICH, a brotherof Charles, was born in Diemerode, Hesse, March 3, 1845. 
He attended school in Europe until he reached fourteen years of age, when he concluded 
he would follow his brother Charles to America, his entire family being opposed to the 
idea. He persisted, however, with the scheme, and finally started alone for America, 
which country he reached before he was fifteen years of age. He came to Mt. Clemens 
and attended the Union School for two terms, when he commenced working for his Iwother 
Charles, which employment he continued for eight years. When he was twenty -three 
years of age. he went into the dry goods trade with E. J. Olde. and. although he was 
young and unacquainted with the business when he commenced, it was not long before 
he had made a success of it. and he at once came to the front rank of the Mt. Clemens 
business men — a position which he has ever since held. The copartnershi)) with Olde 
lasted about five years, when it was dissolved, and John Kuhn became a partner. This firm 
continued to March I), ISS'j, when it was dissolved, Mr. Ullrich retiring. He was manned 
to Matilda Miller, daughter of John W. Miller, January 11, INTO. He has three living 
children — Paul Ullrich, eleven years of age; Marcus, three years old; and Leslie, one year 
of age. He lost his son Carl, who died Janiiary 2, 1880, being in his sixth year. Mr. 
Ullrich has never entered the political arena, l)ut has strictly attended to business, without 
any cessation. He is a Mlison, having taken the various degrees up to and including that 
of Knight Templar being a memlser of Romeo Commandery. Mr. Ullrich is a young man 
of untiring enei'gy. a remarkably good judge of values, quick to see a point and act at 
once upon his own judgment. He has made, by his own efforts, quite a fortune, and is, at 
the date of this vsriting, jireparing to open a banking office. Of both Charles and Paul 
Ullrich it may be said that they are living examples of what it is possible for the foreigner 
to attain in America. They both clearly demonstrate that it is not only possible for 



.iU 



608 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

strangers to seek our shore, and, by their own single-handed exertions, lay u]) a goodly 
fortune of this world's goods, but that they may attain etninent and prominent stations in 
the business and social fabric of the country, thus storing up for their descendants the 
best possible of legacies. 

JOSEPH F. UPLECtER, member of the firin of Ullrich, Kuhu & Co., was bom in 
Parchow. Mecklenbiu'g, January M, 1.S47; eniigrated with his parents to the United States 
Ajiril ITi. LSn:!, arriving at Mt. 'Clemens July 1, IH.');!; settled on the farm of F. H. Wacker, 
one-half mile north of Haskius, now known as the Deuwith Flouring-Mills. on the North 
Branch of the Clinton River, three miles n irth of Mt. Clemens. Of this farm his father 
subsequently became the owner, and is living there at this writing: received his primary 
education in the district schools: entered the German school at Waldenburg, preparatory 
to contiriuation, in ISfiO: was appointed student of the Missouri Synod College at St. 
Louis: resigned the appointment and completed his education at the high school of Mt. 
Clemens: entered the mercantile pursuit in 18()2, with John Schott. at Waldenburg; went 
to Flint, in Michigan, in 1S()3, and accepted a position as time-keeper under Contractor 
Hilliker, of the Flint & Holly Railroad; entered into Government service in 18(54, in the 
Western Engineer and Construction Department: served in several capacities on the Mis- 
souri, Pacific & Leavenworth Railroad, and returned in 1867, but soon after entered the 
employ of D. C. Williams, general store: became a member of the firm of Upleger & Bol- 
ensen, successors to D. C. Williams, in 1871; closed out business in November, 187t:i; con- 
tinued his pursuit as salesman for Freedman Bros. , of Detroit, and Pulchero Zange, Mt. 
Clemens, uni-il l87(i, when he began his service with Paul Ulrich & Co., of which firm he 
was admitted a member in March, 188"2. He was married, January 8, 187!^, and has a 
family of two childi-en. 

GEORGE L. VOLKENING, born in Prussia, German Empire, January 15, 18:^1, 
came to New York City in 1847: to Newark, N. J., in 1848, where he worked at his trade 
as jeweler until 1850, when he came to Macomb County. He was engaged in farming in 
Macomb Township until 1870, when he moved to Mt. Clemens, where he now owns two 
stores, a residence on Gratiot street, the farm in Macomb Township, with several houses 
and lots scattered through the city. Mr. Volkening married Miss Christina Bleidorn, to 
whom were born three children — Charles, Mary and William. 

GEORGE B. VAN EPS, born in Madi.son County, N. Y.. October 1^0, 1S28, son of 
John Van Eps, of Kinderhook, came to Detroit with parents in 1SH4. There his father 
became very ill, sold his horses to Gov. Cass, and returned to Orleaus County, N. Y., same 
year, with his family. George B. learned the shoemaker's trade in New York; returned 
to Michigan in 1N44: located in Mt. Clemens; bought interest in tannery in 1845, and 
has been engaged here in the boot and shoe business since the fall of 1S44, being the (mly 
surviving firm of all doing business here in that year. He was married, August '2>i, 184'), 
to Maria A. Ashley, who died June "28, 1847; married for second wife Mai\v E. Robertson, 
March 17, 1849, who died July 4, 1851 : on August 2, 1852, married Miss M. A. Fitch, of 
Albion, N. Y. Mr. Van Eps is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of the 
Masonic Lodge and Chaj)ter; has been President of the village and Aldei'man of the vil- 
lage: member of the Board of Education for the past eighteen years, and is the senior in- 
surance agent of the city, having represented several companies since 185U. Mr. Van Eps 
was a member of the well-known dry goods firm of Graden, Van Eps & Co., fi-om January 
1, 18(i4, to January 1, 1873, and sold more goods in that time than were ever sold before 
in Mt. Clemens. The present firm of Van Eps & Co. is now actively engaged in manu- 
facturing aud dealing in boots and shoes, findings, leather, harness, etc. 

JOHN E. VAN EPS, of Van Eps & Co., son of John Van Eps, of Kinderhook, N. Y., 
i"a« born in Madison County, N. Y., January 15. 1S22: raised on the farm, and educated 



t\iL 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COrNTY. 



at Oak's Corners, N. Y. He learned the tannery business at Fort Byron. N. Y., nnder Rob- 
ert Little: settled at Geneva, N. Y., in 1S43: worked at trade there until ]S44. when he 
came to Mt. Clemens, where he has carried on the tannery business ever since. He mar- 
ried Ada I. Traver. a New York lady, in February, 1S47, to whom were born nine children, 
of whom six are living, namely: John F. . Arthur E. . Catherine A., Ada B. , Effie and 
Maud M. Alice M. died at the age of seventeen years. Mr. Van Eps has held positions 
on the Village Board and in the City Council, and has been Mayor of Mt. Clemens: is Jus- 
tice of the Peace, and member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. 

ARTHUR E. VAN EPS, son of John E. Van Eps, was born at Mt. Clemens March 5, 
1S51. He was educated in the ".chools of the village; learned the tanner's trade at his 
father's works, and continues the manufacture of leather in the large brick tannery of Van 
Eps & Co. Mr. Van Eps was married, October '28, 18SI), to Miss Hattie M. Church, 
daughte)- of Haswell Church, an old settler of Macomb Township. 

BRUNO VAN LANDEGHEM, born in Belgium November 1 '2, ISIS, son of Jacob Van 
Landeghem, a native of Belgium, came to Mt. Clemens in 1S4S: operated the North Branch 
Flouring Mills for seven years; engaged in the gi-ain and poi'k business at Mt. Clemens 
in IST)!); next, in the manufacture of staves, in \S')9. which business he has continued 
down to the present time. He married Malanie Vanrenterghem in 1S50, to whom were 
born thii-teen children, of whom two are living — Bruno. Jr., and Frank. Mrs. Van Lan- 
deghem died in 1S7;1 One daughter, who married Joseph Winkler, died at the age of 
nineteen years. Mi-. Van Landeghem has been Alderman of the city for three years: is 
one of the best citizens of Mt. Clemens, and deservedly popular with all classes. 

BRUNO VAN LANDEGHEM. Jr., of the iirm of Van Landeghem & Son, was 
born at Mt. Clemens March (i. isru. He was educated at the University of Notre 
Dame, Ind. He became partner with his father in 1875, in the manufacture of staves, 
headings and lumber. He married Miss Annie Czizek in September. 1875; family belong 
to the Catholic Church. He is prominently connected with the industries of the 
city. 

EDGAR WEEKS, one of the pioneer lawyers of Macomb County, son of Aaron 
Weeks, an old settler of the county, was born at Mt. Clemens August 3, 1889. In 1854, 
he was obliged to leave school and seek a position in a printing office then established at 
New Baltimore. In 1855, he entered the office of the Lake Superior Journal, at Sault de 
St. Marie. In 1S57, he labored at Detroit in both the Tribune and Free Press offices, and, 
returning to Mt. Clemens in 1858, began the study of law in the office of Eldi'idge & Hub- 
bard. He was admitted as an attorney and counselor of the Macomb County bar in IStil, 
by Judge S. M. Green. During the previous year, he participated in the Lincoln cam- 
paign, and when hostilities began, he was among the tirst to share in the labor of organ- 
izing a militaiy company. A reference to the military chapter of the general history will 
be sufficient to show the part which this soldier took in the war for the Union. After his 
resignation on account of disability in IS(i4, he retmrned to his home and entered upon 
the practice of law. The same year, he established the Monitor, in company with W. T. 
Lee. He was elected Circuit Court Commissioner in 18B4. but, on account of the soldiers' 
vote being declared unconstitutional, he retired. In ISfjtt, he was elected Prosecuting 
Attorney, and re-elected in ISfiS. He was appointed Judge of Probate in 1875, vice 
Thomas L. Sackett, deceased. In the Congressional Convention of Mai-ch. 1S81, through 
forty-two ballots, he stood second to John T. Rich, who was finally nominated and 
elected. Mr. Weeks has taken a deep interest in educational matter.s, and remains to day 
one of the strongest supporters of the public schools of his native city. His record as a 
stanch Republican is fully sustained by twenty years of active labor with his party, while 
his professional record is marked by attention, integrity and ability. Mr. Weeks was 



Is 



ri^ 



married to Miss Mary S. Campbell, by Rev. William McCorkle, of the Duffield Presbyte- 
rian Churcli, Detroit. July '20, 1807. They are the parents of live children. 

JOHN T. \VELSS, son of Anthony Weiss, of Alsace, France, was born May :^0, 18:^1'; 
came to New York City May -M), 18.j"2; went thence to Upper Canada same year; to Noble 
County, Ind., in 1854; to Fort Wayne in 1855, where he cast his first vote. In 1857, he 
returned to Canada; settled in Huron County, Mich.; in 18()l), revisited France, where he 
passed one year; returned to his home in Huron County and remained there until 1867, 
when he located in Macomb. He was married, in 1807, to Mrs. Mary Clore, daughter of 
Jacob Pflimlein, a Roman Catholic. Mr. Weiss served as School Director for twelve 
years; Justice of the Peace, eight years; Drain Commissioner, three years; then Clerk two 
years, which position, with that of Notary Public, he now holds. 

MYRON WHITE, son of Elihu White, of Ontario County, N. Y., was born in Yates 
County, N. Y., February '1'2, 182:); came with parents to Chesterfield Township in 1888, 
and settled on .Section 0. At that time there were no roads; they had to clear a space on 
which to erect their dwelling. There were a few bears prowling around, and numerous 
packs of wolves. Mr. White attended school in the log cabin of the period. In 1889 or 
1840, he left home, learned the carpenter's and joiner's trade. He came to Mt. Clemens in 
1848; worked at his trade until 1848, when he purchased a stock of goods and opened a 
store at Vienna, now known as Mead Post Office. After eighteen months, he retiu'ned to 
Mt. Clemens, and in 1850 opened a grocery store there; subsequently connected a meat 
mai'ket with it, both of which he operated until 1859. He was engaged in the manufact- 
ure of headings and staves for twelve years. He built two stave-mills, the first in part- 
nership with Mr. Stiger, which was run until ISOIJ, and continued in partnership with T. 
W. Snook until 1872. He sold his interest to Mr. Snook in 1872, worked for the new 
purchaser one year, and since that time attends to his property. Mr. White was married, 
February 11, 1846, to Miss Elmira Gary, of Ontario County, N. Y'. They were the par- 
ents of three children, of whom Henry C. and Stephen are living; and Adelaide J., de- 
ceased. 

JOHN V. WIEGAMT. son of Eckart, was born in Hessen, Germany, February 8, 
1828. He came to the United States in 1849, aod located at Detroit in July of that year. 
He labored at various employments; was blacksmith in the Michigan Central Railroad 
shops at Detroit for two year.s; came to Macomb in 1858, and, locating on Section 88, 
Clinton, made the first clearance in that district. His original entry he sold, and pur- 
chased land on Section 27. in 1855. where he now resides. He was married, in 1858, to 
Miss Eva Wenneg, to whom nine children were born — Olive. Henry. John. Louise, Min- 
nie, Mary and William. He filled the position of Highway Commissioner for eight years, 
and Township Treasurer and Collector for two years. He is a member of the W. A. S. of 
Mt. Clemens; family belong to Presbyterian Church. 

PHILO WIDRIG, Superintendent County Poor Farm, son of Michael G. Widrig, 
was born in Herkimer County. N. Y., March 28. 1821. Mr. Widrig was raised on a farm 
and educated in the common schools of his native county. In 1848, he traveled West. 
and located in Ray Township, where he farmed until 1865. when he moved to Macomb 
Township. He remained on a farm there three years, and then purchased 160 acres of 
timbered land in Clint(jn Township, which he converted into an excellent farm In 
March. IS70, he took charge of the County Poor Farm, and continues to manage the in- 
stitution well and eooaomically. Mr. Widrig was married, January 17, 1841. to Miss 
Sally Burt, to whom twelve children were born, seven of whom are living — Rozell. Sylves- 
ter. Mary J.. Philo. Harbow. Rose and Barlow. Philemon died in November, 1881, aged 
thirty-thi-ee years, leaving wife and one child. Rozell served in Twenty-second Infantry, 
and Sylvester in Company G, Eighth Michigan Cavalry, during the war for the Union: 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The latter was made prisoner at Cleveland, Tenn., and was an inmate of Libby and Belle 
Isle Prisons for eicfht months. Subsequently, lia was sick in the hospital of Patterson 
Park, Baltimore, whither his father went and took him home. 

JOHN H. WILKINSON, sou of Thomas J. Wilkinson, of Litchfield. Conn., was born 
in Cayuga County, N. Y., December 25, ISHSJ. His father was born January 14, 1790; 
served in the war of IS 1 2 ; came to Macomb Couuty in I S.5( ), where he resided until his death, 
April 11, IS79. John H. came here in I.S.IO, and worked at the mason's trade until August, 
ISni, when he enlisted in Company A, Ninth Michigan Infantry. He was discharged for 
disability in 18()2. He enlistel in the First Sliehigcan Cavalry in 18l)8-, commissioned 
Second Lieutenant July 21; discharged in Marc >, 1865. He man-ied Miss Sarah E. Wait 
June 2(), 1S59, to whom were born seven children — Hattie M., Philomelia, Ammitta, Sarah 
A., Samuel E., Katie J. and Nan. Mr. Wilkinson is a member of the Independent Order 
of Good Templars, and also of the .Vlt. Clemens Reform Club and Baptist Church. 

LOUIS Wolf, adopted son of Jacob F. Wolf, was born at Philadelphia. Penn. , Au- 
gust 10, 1849. His original name was Louis Fastnacht, but, on Jacob F. becoming his 
stepfather, the name Wolf was applied. He was married, June 4. 1879, to Miss Caroline 
Essig. They were the parents of one child, who died February 2f), 1882. The family 
reside on Section 8, Clinton, where Mr. Wolf owns a farm of eighty-three acres. The_y 
are members of the Lutheran Church. 

OEORGE WOOD, born in Yorkshire, England, February Id. 18 Ki, son of James 
Wood, of that shire, came to Macomb County in the fall of 1848 and located land on Sec- 
tions 4 and 5, Clinton Townshii). He was married, in November, 1845. to Miss Fannie 
Miller, daughter of the late James Miller, a Franco-Canadian, and a soldier of the war of 
1812. They were the parents of eight children — Elizabeth (Wolvin). Mary (WaiTen). 
Fannie (Kohler). Eliza (Tucker), Sarah, .Jennie, Martha and James G. 

WILLIAM WOOD, born in Yorkshire, England, July 8. 1851, son of Samuel Wood, 
came with his parents to Mt. Clemens in 1852. In his early days, he labored on a farm. 
In 1874. he engaged in mauufactiu'ing tile with his father, which industry he still carries 
on successfully. He was married to Mrs. Letilia Cole, daughter of Sanford King, June 1, 
1877. Both are members of the Baptist Church, of which Mr. Wood is Clerk. He is also 
a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. 

SAMITEL WOOD, son of James Wood, of Yorkshire, England, was born in Yorkshire 
November 14, 1820; came to Mt. Clemens in 1852, and has made the county his home 
since that time. He engaged in farming and stock-raising; was a brick manufacturer for 
six years, and now has a tile factory in connection with his farm. He was married, Feb 
ruary 18. 1845, to Miss Eliza Armitage, to whom six children were born, foui' of whom 
are living — Ann, William, Augusta and Matilda. He is the owner of seventy^eight acres 
of land within the city limits; has been a member of Mt. Clemens Baptist Chm-ch for over 
a quarter of a century, and a Deacon of that church for eight or nine years. 



"711 



612 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



CHAPTER XXX. 

HOMEO. 

From that day in the fii'st year of the third decade of the Nineteenth C^entmy when 
the first settlements were made by American pioneers on the site of the present village of 
Romeo, progress has been made which eclipses even the brightest day dreams of the old 
residents. The locality has had every ad vantige: nature made it beautiful; the American 
pioneer made it useful. The former conferred upon the district a rich soil; the latter 
utilized it. transforming the virgin earth into well-cultivated fields and flowery gardens. 
The many changes which have marked the years of progress must exercise feelings of just 
pride in the hearts of the people. Few of the early occupiers live to realize the changes 
which have taken place; the greater number of old settlers do not regret the transformation; 
but there are yet living men and women who look back to the never- forgotten past and 
moiu'n the loss of those good old times when contentment waited on labor, and mourn the 
olden manners and customs which have been so effectually revolutionized by the modern- 
izers. 

The people of Romeo have from the earliest times paid much attention to educational 
matters. From the pioneer era to the 2:)resent time, the school has been the theme of gos- 
sip and inquiry. A love of education formed a leading characteristic of the people. It 
has always been fostered and cherished by them. It has been raised up from a very mod- 
est beginning to great heights, until now the establishments devoted to it, the high order 
of its teachers and the number of its votaries, render the name of Romeo synonymous with 
that of cultm-e. 

The varied forms of Christianity have steadily advanced. Churches have multiplied 
until their spires or minarets are visible from every quarter of the village. Their bells do 
not now bespeak intolerance or savage bigotry; they merely peal forth to remind the peo- 
ple of prayer, or perchance, summon a set of worshipers to meeting. 

The literary circles of the village have held a high place almost from the first years 
of settlement. The organizations of the present time boast of a high excellence and good 
government. They afford many instances of the dignity which attaches itself to cultivated 
nature in its highest form, and thus prepa;re the way, by precedent, for others to follow. 

The press of Romeo is ably conducted. The wi'iters of the Observer and Democrat 
have risen above flunkeyism. and deal justly by the civilization of our days. They oppose 
innovation, when such does not afford positive proof that greater results must follow. 
They stigmatize moral cowardice, and teach the truth that from the village Council room 
to the chambers of the National Government virtue should be doubly cherished, and vice 
subjected to rebuke and punishment. 

The streets of the village are laid out at right angles, graded, and )uany of them 
shaded by a double line of thrifty ti-ees. The neat, and. in many instances, elegant, resi- 
dences of the people spread out in all directions. A few of the churches are stately in 
appearance; all of them large, substantial buildings. The hotels and business houses are 
metropolitan in character, and it may be said of the entire village that, for cleanliness, 
freedom from rubbish and poor buildings, it will more thun compare with any similar 
center of population in the Union. 



^■" 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



NAMING THE VILLAGE. 

In 1829, N. T. Taylor had reached Romeo. He had obtained that portion of the 
Hoxie fai'in lying east of Main street, and a comer lot west, from Asahel Bailey, upon 
which to place his store. Maj. Larned, of Detroit, had possession of the Hoxie tract west 
of Main street, and Asahel Bailey owned the balance of the corners. 

In the fall of 1829. conference was had between these several parties, which resulted 
in the employment of Col. Hoi lister, then County Surveyor, in the spring of 1830, to lay 
out a village. That was the basis of the present plat. Main and St. Clair streets were 
established as now, and lots four rods by eight in size, and appropriate streets and alleys, 
were designated, though not opened, in many instances, until many years later. 

^\'hen the proper survey had been made and the place was pronounced a village, the 
great question was to tind a name for it. The conference was at Mr. Taylor's, and linally, 
when the gentlemen failed to suit themselves. Mrs. Laura Taylor ventured to suggest the 
name of Romeo, as being short, musical, classical and uncommon. The suggestion was 
acted upon — the name was adopted. 

ORGANIC. 

The act incorporating the village of Romeo was approved March 9, 1838. The bound- 
aries were Section 2 and the east half of Section 3. in the township of Washington, and 
the south half of Section 34 in the township of Bruce. On the first Monday of May fol- 
lowing, the electors assembled at the schoolhouse, when Dexter Mussey and Horace A. 
Jennison were appointed Judges, and Asa B. Ayres, Clerk of Election. Oel Rix was 
elected President; Dewitt C. AValker, Recorder; Linus S. Gilbert. Dexter Mussey, Aza- 
riah Prentiss, Denis Scranton, Wilkes L. Stuai't and Gad Chamberlain, Trustees. These 
officers took the oath of office May 12, 1838, and entered upon their duties by appointing 
a committee to draft rules for the government of the Village Board, etc., etc. The report 
of this committee was considered June 11. 1838, and a set of by-laws, comprising seven- 
teen articles, adopted. At the meeting held on the latter date, Amos Palmer and John 
W. Dyar were elected Assessors; Martin F. Southwell, Marshal; and Horace A. Jennison, 
Treasurer. The Assessors failed to qualify, so that, on September 18. they were re-elected. 
The tirst important resolution of the board is recorded under date September 29, 1838. 
It provided for raising a tax of one-half of 1 per cent upon real estate within the corporate 
limits, and to apply the sum accruing to the purchase of such land in the town of Bruce as 
might be required to render Main street 100 feet wide. This resolution was adopted. 

The second annual meeting was not held in May, 1839. as provided for in the act, 
but was held over until Se[)tember 16, 1839, when the freeholders met within the store of 
Nathan Dickenson & Co., under the Judges of Election, Dexter Mussey and Azariah Pren- 
tiss. The result of this election was as follows: 

President — Aaron B. Rawles, 27 votes; Nathan Dickenson, 4; Dexter Mussey, 4; 
Asahel Bailey, 2; D. C. Walker. 1; H. Van Atter, 1. 

Recorder — Dewitt C. Walker, 35 votes; A. B. Rawles, 1; Denis Scranton. 1; E. W. 
Giddings. 1; Dexter Mussey, 1. 

Trustees — Asa B. Ayres, 35 votes; Almerin Tinker, 33; Dexter Mussey, 32; William 
Hulsart, 31; Edward S. Snorer. 30; Waldo Barrows. 27; Jacob P. Smith, 14; A. B. 
Rawles, 6; Azariah Prentiss, 6: Asahel Bailey, 4; M. F. Southwell, 3; John W. Dyar, 3; 
Nathan Dickenson, 3; D. Scranton, 2; E. W. Giddings. 1; A. Pratt, 1; Nathan Palmer. 
1; Oel Rix. 1; H. Vankluk, 1; A. Holman. 1. 

The officers elected annually since 1840 are referred to in the following pages: 

1840— President, Minot T. Lane, 31 votes; Recorder, Algeron Tinker, 30 votes; 
Trustees. Ariel Prall, 32 votes; Amoa Palmer, 30; Hiram Hopkins. 29; Horace A. Jen- 
nison, 29; Jeremiah B. Ayres, 28; Aaron B. Rawles, 28. 



>Rr" 



4^ 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The officers elected in 1840 held their positions until May, 1844. when Gideon Gates 
was chosen President; Henry W. AVilliams. Recorder; Edward S. Snover, John Maitland. 
William Hulsart, Dexter M^issey. Nathan Dickenson and James P. Whitney. 
Tnistees. 

H. W. Williams transcribed the old records in 1S44, shortly after his election as Re- 
corder of the village. A set of by-laws was adopted July 15, 1844, and for the first time 
since organization, the government of Romeo assumed regular form. Henry O Smith was 
Deputy Recorder, and E. NewbeiTy, Treasiu-er. 

1849 — The election of 1849 resulted in the choice of Charles F. Mallary, President; 
Watson Loud, Recorder; Philo Tillson, George Chandler, Amos Palmer, Nathan Dicken- 
son, Joseph Ayres and Aaron B. Rawles, Trustees. Carlton B. Newberry was elected 
Treasurer; Henry O. Smith. Marshal: Edwin W. Giddings and Edward S. Snover, As- 
sessors. Newberry and Smith declined to accept offices, when Horace Bogart and Dexter 
Mussey were chosen to fill their respective positions. 

1850 — Charles F. Mallary, President; Watson Loud, Recorder; Nathan Dickenson. 
George Chandler. Joseph Ayres, Aaron B. Rawles, Amos Palmer. Philo Tillson, Trustees; 
Horace Bogart, Treasurer; George Washer, Marshal. 

1851 — Nathan Dickenson. President; Watson Loud, Recorder; Charles F. Mallary, 
Joseph Ayers. Heni-y Collins, John W. Dyar, Amos Palmer. Aaron B. Rawles. Trustees: 
Horace Bogart, Treasurer; William Hulsart. Marshal; Marvel Shaw and Edward S. Sno- 
ver. Assessors. 

1852 — Gideon Gates, President; Luman Beebe, Recorder: Hem-y Collins, George P. 
Newbury, D. H. Buel, Jacob P. Smith. Edwin C. Owen, Denis Scranton, Trustees; Martin 
Buzzell, Treasurer; Luman Beebe, Marshal: George Chandler and Charles F. Mallary, 
Assessors; D. C. Walker, Attorney. 

1853 — Officers re-elected. In 1854, the board appears to have been made up of the 
same men who were elected in 1852. The case was similar in 1855. 

1856 — Edward S. Snover, President; Charles F, Mallary, Recorder; George Washer, 
Marshal; H. M. Case, H. A. Jennison, A. B. Rawles. Watson Loud, George Washer, Mar- 
tin Buzzell, Trustees; M. Buzzell, Treasurer; D. Mussey and John W. Dyar, Assessors. 

1857 — Ed. S. Snover, President; Charles F. Mallary. Recorder; Horace A. Jennison, 
A. B. Rawles, Watson Loud, Martin Buzzell, George Washer. H. M. Case. Trustees; Mar- 
tin Buzzell. Treasurer; George Washer. Marshal. 

1858 — Ed. S. Snovei'. President; A. B. Rawles. Recorder; Albert E. Leete. George 
H. Holman, A. M. Grover, George Washer, Alex. H. Shelp. C. L. Hoyt, Trvistees; An- 
di"ew M. Grover. Treasm-er: A. E. Leete and G. A. Holman. Assessors: George Washer, 
Marshal. 

1S59 — Alljort H Leete, President: Charles F. Mallary, Recorder; Dexter Mussey. 
G. H. Holman, C. L. Hoyt. Elisha Calkins, A. B. Rawles, A. H. Shelj), Trustees; Charles 
L. Hoyt, Treasiu'er; George Washer, Marshal. 

INfiO — The same officers were re-elected with the exception of Dexter Mussey and C. 
L. Hoyt, whose jilaces were bestowed on A. M. Grover and L. C. Mclntyre. Mr. Holman 
was elected Treasurer. 

1861 — Officers re-elected. 

1862 — Levant C. Mclntyre, President; George B. Norton, Recorder; Sam H. Ewell, 
T. A. Smith. A. B. Bnell. S." W. Beller. Robert F. Selfridge. John McGill. 

REORGANIZED BOARD 

1863 — Levant C. Mclntyre, President: Martin Buzzell. Clerk: Joseph Ayres, Assessor ; 
Ed S. Snover, Street Commis ioner; Henry Rawles, Marshal ; Caleb Nye. Treasurer: Will- 



i^ 



_® L> 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



iam Weyhlman, Pound Master: Sydney Eggleston. Fire Warden; T. A. Smith, Joel P. 
Mussey. Abijah Palmer, S. W. Belles.' C. B. Newbury, George B. Morton, Trustees. 

1864 — Joel P. Muzzey. Pi-esident; Solomon O. CTiddings, Clerk: Joseph Ayres, As- 
sessor: C. F. Mallary, Treasurer: A. M. Grover, Street Commissioner: Henry Rawles, 
Marshal: S. Eggleston, Fire Warden; Cvrus Hopkins. Pound Master: Joseph Newman, 
T. A. Smith. G. B. Morton, Abijah Palmer. .•^. W. Belles. John McGill. Trustees. 

1865— James Harvey, President; Joseph A. Holland. Clerk; T. A. Smith. Treasurer: 
Joseph Ayres, Assessor: Dan Buzzell, Street Commissioner; S. Eggleston, Fire Warden; 
John P. Smith. Pound Master: Elisha Calkins, S. H. Ewell, Alex H. Shelp, O. Nichols, 
John A. Ketchum. Worden Fennor, Trustees. 

]86() — Moses A Giddings, President; Irving D. Hanscom. Clerk: Josei)h Ayres, As- 
sessor; C. F. Mallary, Treasui'er: John P. Smith, Marshal and Pound Master; W. S. Tur- 
ner, Street Commissioner: S. Eggleston, Fire Warden; Kandolph S. Bancroft, Aratus 
Smith, Ed C. Newbury, Robert F. Sel fridge, Aaron B. Rawles. William R. Owen, Trustees. 

1867 — Aratus Smith, President; Edwin A. Teal. Clerk: C. F. Mallary, Treasurer; 
Isaac Crawford. James Harvey. Albert Kennedy. Abijah Palmer, George Washer, George 
D. Muzzev. Trustees. 

1868"-William Wilkinson. President; E. A. Teal. Clerk; C. F. Mallary. Treasm-er; 
Amos Palmer. Edwin W. Giddings. Henry O. Smith, Elisha Calkins, Joel P. Muzzey. 
George Spice. Trustees. 

1869 — William Wilkinson, President; Joseph Newman, Clerk; Abijah Palmer, Sam 
H. Ewell, James Boden, Charles Fillmore. Albert Kennedy, George Hartung, Trustees: C. 
F. .^lallary. Treasurer. 

1870 — William Wilkinson. President: Joseph Newman. Clerk: C. F. Mallary. Treas- 
urer: John L. Benjamin. Milton Thompson. John H. Brabb. Noah W. Gray, James Bear- 
don. Charles Fillmore. Trustees. 

1871 — David H. Rowley, President; Dwight N. Lowell, Clerk: Isaac J. Carpenter. 
Treasurer; Timothy Smith, .James E. Price, James Harvey, Trustees. 

1872--David H. Rowley, President: Dwight N. Lowell, Clerk; Henry O. Smith. Treas- 
urer; James Gray, Albert Kennedy and John L. Stai-k weather. Trustees. 

1873 — Irving D. Hanscom, President; Dwight N. Lowell. Clerk: Henry O. Smith. 
Treasurer; Timothy A. Smith. Da-\id H. Rowley and James E Price, Trustees. 

1874 — Irving D. Hanscom, President: Dwight N. Lowell, Clerk; Henry O. Smith, 
Treasurer; Samuel H. Ewell, Philo Tillson and Nicholas Lazalier, Trustees. 

1875 — Irving D. Hanscom, President; D. W. Lowell, Clerk; Henry O. Smith. Treas- 
xu'er; James Gray, Henry Rawles and Moses A. Giddings, Trustees. 

1876 — Irving D. Hanscom. President: Dwight N. Lowell, Clerk: Henry O. Smith, 
Treasiu-er: Isaac Crawford, Amos W. I'almer, Erastus Day. Trustees. 

1877 — Ii-ving D. Hanscom, President; Charles C. Bradley, Clerk; Samuel A. Reade. 
Treasurer: Ii-a F. Pratt. CTeorge G. Hartung. William Gray, Trustees. 

1878 — Ii-ving D. Hanscom, President: Charles C. Bradley, Clerk; Samuel A. Reade. 
Treasurer: Thomas D, Coe, John D. Elliott and William S. Turner, Trustees. 

1879 — Irving D. Hanscom, President: Charles N. Coe, Clerk: Samuel A. Reade, 
Treasurer; Edward S. Snover, "Albert Kennedy and Edwin Starkweather, Trustees. 

1880 — Irving D. Hanscom, President; Charles N. Coe, Clerk; S. A. Reade, Treas- 
lu-er; Samuel H. Ewell, Thomas D. Coe, Byron J. Flummerfelt, Trastees. 

1881 — Irving D. Hanscom, President; Charles C. Bradley, Clerk; Albert Kennedy, 
Edward C. Newbuiy, Edwin Starkweather, Trustees; Samuel A, Reade, Treasurer; Charles 
Fillmore, Marshal:' O. W. Hopkins, Street Commissioner; J. R. Moreland, Fire Warden; 
Charles Washington. Pound Master: Joseph Ayres. Assessor. 



») X* 



^- 



1882-83 — Irving D. Hanscom, President; Charles Tillman, Street Commissioner ; 
Joseph Ayres, Assessor; Thomas R. Crawford, Marshal; S. A. Reade, Treasurer; Mort P. 
Owen. Fire Warden; Charles Washington, Pound Master; Samuel H. Ewell, James B. 
Harvey. Byron J. Flummerfelt, were elected Trustees. I. D. Hanscom was opposed by J. 
L. Starkweather, who failed to obtain a majority of votes. 



FIRST SETTLERS. 



It is said that a man by the name of Jeremiah Allen struck the tirst blow of any 
white man in Romeo. He came here alone in 1821, his family remaining near where 
Washington Village now stands. He put up a log house, biit, becoming sick of his enter- 
jM-ise, he sold his improvements to Asahel Bailey for $50, who then purchased the land of 
the Government. In January, 1822, Asahel Bailey and wife, Chauncey Bailey, his cousin, 
whose wife was a sister of A. Bailey, came to Romeo, and both families lived in the same 
house about two-years. In 1824, Chauncey Bailey settled on the farm where Nathan El- 
dred now lives. He soon sold his claim and took up land near Farrar's Mill, in Ai-mada 
Township, and was the tirst settler in that township. 

The Hoxie family came to Romeo eleven mouths after the Baileys. The first frame 
building was erected by the Hoxies. and was one of the many installments of what was 
afterward known as the Red Tavern, which stood near the sovith end of the block, where 
the First National Bank Building is now located. It has been said by many who are con- 
sidered worthy of credence that, soon after the war of 1812. Hoxie made his way into this 
wilderness and located on the Hamngton farm; next moved to Utica, then to Washing- 
ton, and next to the eighty upon which nearly the whole south half of Romeo now^ stands. 
He was formerly a lumberman upon the St. Lawrence River, which occupation he cast 
aside to indulge in that life which a home in the wilderness of Michigan oflered. 

The first military organization was that of the Territorial militia. Gen. John Stockton, 
of Mt. Clemens, was the ranking General of this whole division of the State. Old William 
Caufield was his efficient Aid. Col. John B. Hollister commanded the regiment mustered 
in Northern Macomb and the adjacent counties. The th-st grand military review in this 
county was held in 1880. It was called -'The Three-Days' Training. " The gayly attired 
officers and plumed j^rivates bivouacked in the Big Field. Tents were duly pitched, field 
orders came and went; there was no trouble in the camp, biit there was a deal of fun, 
which resulted in many a story of those nights, I'epeated in confidence for years afterward. 

The tirst frame building was the barn of old Mr. Finch, where many of the larger 
religious meetings were held for several years. The second was the first section of the 
old Red Tavern. Its frontage was sixteen feet, and it contained only two small rooms. 
This building was enlarged lo thirty-two feet, and later to thirty-two feet frontage, with 
an upper story, and an extensive piazza was added. The first landlord was Hiram Wil- 
cox, who afterward built the Wilcox Mill, near Tajishire, now Almont, Keeler, Vaughan 
and others succeeded Wilcox. 

The first sign-board was raised upon a hickory jwle. six inches in diameter and ten 
or twelve feet high, and stood nearly in front of the tavern, beside the old well. It was a 
single board, twelve <.>r fourteen inches wide, four feet long, and painted white; upon it 
in black were the glaring letters, "'INN." To what extent people were taken wt is not 
stated. 

The third frame building was the store of N. T. Taylor, on the corner west of Mr. 
Bailey's. It was afterward moved a little north, and was occuj)ied by Mr. Niles, with 
Henry Smith in charge, and. for a long time afterward, by Maitland and Howarth. Who 
of that olden time does not recall the name, ••Taylor's Store," jjainted on the south side 
of the building in large black capitals? 



lilnilMilr'^"'"- 





y 



ihL^ 



HI^STORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Next was built the frame residence of Mr. Taylor, diagonally across from his store. 
This house, still standing, was for a long time the residence of Elihu Newbury. 

Nathaniel T. Taylor was the first merchant in the place. He opened his store in the 
fall of 1829. His clerks were John Conklin, Alexis Winchell and John W. Day. Mar- 
tin Buzzell added the second in 1832, perhaps in 1831. 

The fii-st regular stage line to Detroit was established in 1830, by N. T. Taylor. 

The first millwrights were William A. Bm-t and John Allen, of the Foiu-th town. They 
built the saw-mill for Capt. Chamberlin (afterward Bancroft's) in 1827. Of the building 
of Webster's mill, on the Branch, there is no record. 

The first shoemaker was John Becraft, then living near the Leslies. The family 
lived later near the cemetery. He was succeeded by Azariah Prentiss, who early gave heed 
to the understandings of men. first by culturing heads; next, by covering feet. He was a 
man for extremes. 

The first village tailor was Daniel Buzzell, deferring later to Winans and Jacob 
Smith. 

The first tannery in the settlement was that of Squii-e Lamb, down in Washington. 

The tLrst distillery was built by Horatio Nye, in 1S2G. It was situated a half-mile 
west of the cemetery. Thither a man eonld carry a bushel of rye and liarter for a gallon 
of whisky. Happily, the institution took but feeble root and was short-lived. It disap- 
peared with the wolves and Indians. 

The fii-st cabinet-maker was Mr. Benjamin. His shop was at Bancroft's mill. He 
was succeeded by Williard Guild at an early day. 

Milling was done at Webster's and at Bancroft's, though the chief dependence for 
flour was upon the mills at Stony Creek and at Rochester. 

The fii'st of the village blacksmiths was Josiah Hamlin. 

Among the earliest of the carpenters was Daniel Day, the father of Colatinus Day. 
He came in 1827, with Capt. Chamberlin. raised some buildings for him, and then re- 
turned East. The next year he came West to live, and settled in Bruce. There Colati- 
nus Day died. 

The first wheelwright was Darius Ewell. His shop and home were where William 
Hulsart lived so many years. 

The fii'st cooper was George Perkins. Jacob Beekman purchased his shop and lot 
in later years, rebuilt the house and occupied it until the time of his sudden and lament- 
able death. 

The first temperance pledge was circulated by Deacon Rodgers in 1830. Those who 
not only abstained from rum. and whisky, and brandy, but discarded wine and beer also, 
had a T before their names. 

Tiie first Sabbath school was organized in 1830. N. T. Taylor had been to New York 
to buy goods. He brought a little library, the production of the Sunday School Union. 
The Sabbatli school was soon organized, and he was made the first Superintendent. Will- 
iard Guild succeeded him in that position. 

Singing schools were the pride of the settlement as early as 1828. Gideon Gates had 
a sweet falsetto voice ; it could compass any notes within mortal range, and such was its 
clearness as readily to be mistaken for that of a female. Asahel Bailey was a remarkably 
fine bass singer. Each was a ready reader of the old patent buckwheat notes. Mrs. 
Chamberlin and her daughters, Mrs. Hollister and Aunt Lucy Gates, were all good sing- 
ers. Mr. Abbott, too, was very fond of music. Many others, too, might be numbered 
with these, so that, when music was the order of the day, there was no lack in quantity 
and quality. Amos Hewitt, coming later, was one of the first to give thorough elemental 
instruction in music, and the singing in religious service was always creditable, 
38 

^ a r ^^ e) \ " 






The first partial benefaction was the giving of his best corner lot by Asahel Bailey. 
This was intended for the piirposes of a church, and is the same as that on which the pres- 
ent Congregational Church stands. The consideration was a pew in the church for the use 
of himself or others, as he might think proper. 

The first village lot was sold by Asahel Bailey to N. T. Taylor for $\'2. On the same 
lot was the store of Newbury Bros, in 1882. 

Dr. Hollister, a former resident of Romeo, in his historical address entitled "The 
Beginnings of Romeo,'' says: You know with what interest and scrupulous care the citi- 
zens and historical societies of the old New England towns are alreadj" gathering up the 
minutest details which pertained to their oldest inhabitants; to the first plantings of their 
churches, their schools and their social institutions. Already they begin to summon home 
their absent sons and daughters to grand reunions, as their bi-centennial and semi-centen- 
nial come around. The time is not far distant when Romeo may celebrate her fiftieth 
birthday. All along since the time when oiu' clustering residences assumed the dignity 
of an incorporated village there have dwelt those among us who better than I can write 
the history of this dear old town. And were it not that its fii'st beginnings and oldest 
history might be lost, I should not presume to |)lace upon the records these memories, 
which span the period of forty years and more. Indeed, there still remain a few whose 
recollections may serve them better than mine have done, and who, if they would, covild 
better do this work. But they are not many, for nearly all of that old time have passed 
on before us to return no more. And lest these remaining neglect the task, I venture to 
refer to such events and persons as I think it would most interest the people of to-day 
and the futiu'e to know about. Yet how can I do all justice after these long years ? Some 
who should stand in the center and foregroimd of my picture may be. perhaps, unmen- 
tioued, because now, for the moment, forgotten, or else to me unknown. Neither time 
nor opportunity permit me to consult authorities and thus to verify my dates. Nor can 
I certify impressions by conference with old friends; hence, here and there, a name and 
date will doubtless need correction, as I must trust alone to. memory. 

The dusky sons of the forest were not uinnindful of the worth as well as beauty of 
the plateau upon which our village rests. The uplands of the ^^'est and the timbered 
forests of the East were wedded at our feet. There was a wealth of soil by the union, 
which neither alone possessed. Grand old forest trees here and there reared their great 
forms, indicative of the fertile plains, and here and there were beautiful prairie spots, 
where little toil removed the slender shnibs, and gave to the Indian his coveted field for 
corn. Along our western slopes the antlered stag led the timid doe by night to graze 
upon the first green foliage in the early spring-time, seeking again the tangled dells and 
groves just east of you for more secure retreat as the day di-ew on. His ways were beaien 
paths, and hither the hunter was liu'ed by reason of abundant game, and here beside their 
pathway he pitched his tent and made his winter home. Here, too, along our eastern 
border was that grand belt of lofty maples. Their wealth of swtets gave pleasing answer 
to his toils and hu-ed him hither till the bxtrsting l)nds told that the siigar days were 
passed. Then came the planting-time, and all along on either side of the beautiful ridge 
upon which oiu' Main street runs, the Indian corn-hills were visible for a long time after 
the white man's invasion — in fact, until his plowsh;u'e uptiu'ued and laid most of them 
in the cultured earth. Like the white man, the Indian, too, had faith that harvest should 
be born of plantings, and so with patient toil each year he piled afresh those little mounds 
of earth, and in the summit of each mound dropped the corn-seeds, counting the days of 
sunshine!, of early and later rains, till, returning from the summer's hunting, he should 
gather for his winter's store the ripening ears. 

The planting season past and summer drawing on, the Indians were wont to strike 






1 

^y^ — ^ -^ — "i^, 

HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 019 






their t nts. gather upon their patient burden-bearing wives and ponies the wealth of 
their encampments and phmge deeper into the forests, in quest of more abiindaat game, 
or along the banks of streams and shores of lakes, to add their treasures to their slender 
store. Thus wending their way by old frequented trails, to cherished haunts they made 
their annual rounds. Happy the years when no wampum belt was sent from lodge to lodge 
to summon the warriors to council, and from council, perhaps, to bloody battles. Happy 
the years when only friendly greetings were in store and pipes of peace were smoked in 
formal round; when as the annual greeting of the bands came round, for days, whole 
tribes were joined in gladsome, festive and religious rites. Those joyous meetings and 
those gi-eetings passed, hither these wanderers came, for now the corn harvests were at 
hand, and now the home thanksgiving feasts began. 

The Indian's Maniton, like ours, was worshiped for the harvest gifts. The younger 
pitch their lodges beside their fathers" or the elder brothers' tents. Feasting, dancing, 
joyous sports and sacred rites found each a place, and this one feature marked it best of 
all. The fortunate and famished were alike fed. While the feast lasted, whosoever 
would might eat his till. The richest ones could do no more, and thus for once each had 
enough and more. Come back, then, ye lovers of good thanksgiving dinners, learn from 
these forest sons that it is not enough that your tables groan beneath their weight of 
tempting viands. l)ut that for one day in the year, at least, whenever the good old customs 
shall prevail, there shall be such sending of portions to the poor that hunger for the time 
shall be unknown. 

Hither again the Chippewas were accustomed to return from their summer wander- 
ings, and, on the veiy spot where Romeo stands, tradition tells of many a winter home; 
curling among the branches of stately trees, since destroyed, the smoke from hundreds of 
camp-fires was lost in the blue above; so that, when lirst the white man looked in iipon 
the great scene, h.' gave it the name which our first post office bore — the name of Indian 
Village. 

The peace of 181(5 had been secixred. The plottings of the brilliant aad brave Pon- 
tiac had failed. The disgrace of Hull and the surrender of Detroit had been atoned for 
by the victory of Tippecanoe and the fall of Tecumseh. The batteaux of the voyagenrs 
were giving place to the sailing vessels on the lakes; the first of the steamers had cut the 
crystal waters of the Hxu'on, and the old pioneer steamboat, Walk-in-the Water, was ply- 
ing its regular trips away to the far Northwest — away to Mackinac. I have now in my 
possession one of her shijtping receipts, dated August, 1S20, in which is jn-omised the 
safe delivery of 480 bales of furs and pelts to parties at Black Rock (for Buffalo had not 
then the precedence), on account of the American Fur Company, the providence of God 
and the danger of the sea excepted, and not impeding. The commerce of the lakes was 
multiplying every year. Detroit and Mackinaw were wakening with new life and vigor. 
Around the latter grouped a swarm of adventm-ous travelers and traders. From the for- 
mer spread Westward trains of eai"nest workers, who, settling with their families, counted 
the cost and set themselves to the task of replacing the forests with fruitftil fields. A\'ith 
this tide of travel came iacreased facilities for their transit. The Walk-in the- Water 
was no longer the only Erie gteamer, but the old Superior, the old United States, the Con- 
stitution and others with them were soon busy in the canying trade of the Western immi- 
gration. Slowly the t de.was turned northward also. Resting places for worn and hungry 
pioneers, often rude huts, dignified with the name of tavei-n. marked the site where Royal 
Oak naw stands, were scattered along the old Paint Creek road or along the trail from 
Piety Hill (Birmingham) on to Pontiac, Flint and Saginaw. As earlyas 1820, the towns of 
Troy, Pontiac, Rochester, Stony Creek were sparsely settled and were the nuclei of a very 
limited trade, furnishing to the incoming peo])le the all-important items of fiomnng-mills. 



:f^ 



" 



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.1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Far older thau any of those was the French settlement at Mount Clemens. It had 
the impress of an old Fi'ench town, boasting much of age, but giving very indifferent evi- 
dence of thrift or enterprise. By position, as well as age, it should have been the life 
and soul of our county; but, despite the efforts of a few, she patiently enjoyed the prog- 
ress suited to her French progenitors; while wealth and enterprise were turned to other 
points and she was fossilized. 

The most important events connected with our early history, previous to our christen- 
ing, center in the years 1824 to 1881, both inclusive. It was dm'ing this period that habi- 
tations came to be within hailing distances, and the region round about to assume the ap- 
pearance of a sparsely settled neighborhood. During this time, many of those families 
settled here, which contributed largely to the character our village was destined to assume. 
During this period, oiu- first school was established, our first churches were planted, our 
first mechanics came to supply the various public wants and society generally to take on 
its lu'st rude forms of organization. Not more to the Romans were Romulus and Remus 
than were those pioneer families to us. 

THE OLD INHABIT.A.NTS. 

Dr. Hollister states, that the pioneer of this settlement was old Mr. Hoxie, 
who died in 1827, and was buried beside the road in the Big Field, on the way to 
Capt. Sterling's. The traces of his grave have long since been oBliterated. His 
son. Job Hoxie, remined on the homestead but a short time and then settled near 
Utica in the south part of the county. Not pleasm-able, but quite probable, are the 
stories of this man's bloody adventm'es in his earlier years, and this then remote 
retreat was to him a welcome home, to share which, he deemed a dire calamity, 
a clear invasion of his rights. Not a few were the marvels recited of this old man, 
and to us who gazed upon his featm-es in life, there never was a wish by one of us 
that he should re-appear, especially when we were passing by his resting place after night. 
Hoxie must have settled here sometime between 1818 and 1822. Two young men visited 
him here in 1823. They were Samuel Chamberliu, of Lima, N. Y. , and Edward Brew- 
ster, of Riga, N. Y. They came West by waj' of the lakes, landed at Detroit, came to 
Mount Clemens, procured ponies and came on to Hoxie's, retiirning to Detroit through the 
present town of Troy. When Farmer issued his sectional map of Michigan, in 1828, he 
marked the present site of Romeo as Hoxie's Settlement, but the postoffice.'established 
in 1826, bore the name of Indian Village. It is understood distinctly that Asahel Bailey 
was the pioneer. 

Gideon Gates, who had formerly served in the postoffice depai'tment at Washington, 
was appointed the first Postmaster, with Jonas Cutler, the mail carrier, between this point 
and Mount Clemens. 

In the year 1823, or earlier, Asahel Bailey located his farm, which is now a large 
part of our village. As section lines would have it, the village corners should have been 
upon the hills west of us; but the ridge afforded such a natural highway that the estab- 
lished road was made to follow the old Indian trail, and so the corners were estffljlished 
near the middle of his eighty, which, lying north of St. Clair street, was afterward in- 
cluded in the town of Bruce, so that two of the ioiiv village corners in the olden time be- 
longed to him. 

If I should call the roll of early settlers, few would now give answer, bvit as I remem- 
ber them located, say in 1827, their names would appear by families something as follows: 

The Hoxie family disappeared in 1827, and. therefore, can hardly be counted in. 

Asahel Bailey had settled on the Corners on the same spot he occupied so many 
yeai-s. 



^ « r~ 



'A 



Albert Fincla had locate;! his eighty, I thiak. as early as 1823. and had erected the 
first frame barn on the site, occupied for a long time afterward by Samuel Ewell. Part 
of his family were grown and married. Ezra, the oldest, had married Miss Becraft; John 
married Miss Hopkins; Martha married Burchard Throop, and lived down in the Foiu-th 
Town. The younger sons were George, Alpheus, Addison and Alanson, the little boy who 
was lost. 

Squire Gates had located his farm — the same he occupied for many years. His wife 
was a Miss Biinn. and here were born to them Jane, Wilbiu-. Martha. John, Lucy. Ann, 
Hubert and Barton. 

Capt. Gad Chamberlin had this year (1827) arrived at the head of a large family, 
which, with accompanying neighbors and friends, formed a colony of some sixty souls. 
He bought out Ebenezer Kittredge and settled on the farm next north of Asahel Bailey. 
His oldest daughter was the wife of Col. John B. Hollister, who was one of the younger 
and moving spirits in the settlement till his death, in 1831. A son, Ste])hen Piatt Cham- 
berlin. was married to a Miss Parkhm-st. and they numbered one of the colony founders. 
Addison Chamberlin married Miss Leach, and they formed another of the group. The 
younger children of Capt. Chamberlin were Electa, afterward Mrs. Snow, Julia, who 
married Rev. Luther Shaw; the brothers, Harvey, Joseph, Nelson and Jaines. are names 
all familiar to the old settlers. 

Erastus Day, with his family, came West in company with Cajtt. Chamberlin. Mr. 
Day located just east of the Leslie farm. His sons were Ei-astus, Russell, John, Daniel, 
Levi and an only daughter, Lucinda. 

The Leslies" located where they lived and died. The father's name was James. The 
sons were James and Benjamin, and the daughter. Roxanua. The latter married James 
Starkweather and subsequently lived on her husband's farm over west. This was the first 
marriage in the settlement. 

Another newly-married couple at that date was Freedom Monroe and Miss Mary 
Cooper, who worked in the family of Capt. Chamberlin. Monroe located at that time on 
the fai'm where he has since lived. 

Next north of him lived Suel Hovey. His sons were George and Albert; his daugh- 
ter's name. Betsey. They occupy the old homestead yet. On the road south of James 
Starkweather, and a mile "west of" Romeo, lived Horatio Nye. His children were Eliza, 
Ann, George and several younger out's. 

On the hill opposite "the cemetery lived Roswell Webster. His wife was a Goodwin. 
His children were ChaiJes, Cyrenus. Wheeler, Lucius, Marietta and Emily. 

William Abbott lived one'-half mile west of the Corners. His first v/ife was Miss Bur- 
bank. His children by this wife were Franklin, Norman. Isaac, Jane, Elizabeth and 
Maiy. , 

"Dr. Richards, the first physician, located east of Abbott. His children were Mary 
Jane, Guy and others whose names I cannot recall. East of these were the families of 
Thompson. Bennett, Radway, Reuben R. Smith. Benjamin and John Proctor and Noah 
Webster, who built in that direction the first saw-mill, and subsequently, the first tlouring- 
mill. Mrs. ^V'ebster was afterward married to Dr Gray, who improved that property and 
there amassed a fortune. 

South of the Corners, there we.'-e no houses until you came to Mi'. Foot's. He parted 
with his farm to Azai-iah Sterling about 1830, when his family removed to Troy. He had 
several children, the oldest of whom was Jane. Capt. Sterling came later to occupy this 
place. His wife was a Miss Leah, elder sister of Mrs. Addison Chamberlin. Mr. Sterling 
was fi-om a large and influeutiai family in Lima, Livingston Co.. N. Y. His children 
were Julia, Charlotte. Caroline. Esther, Lydia, Hai-riet and one son. 



r 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Gurdon Hovey, who died in 1870, lived west of Mr. Sterling's. His childi-en were 
Samuel, Augustus, Emeline and Alouzo. 

South of this lived Alexander Tackels, formerly of Cayuga County, N. Y., and of 
\whom, in connection with old John Soules, who lives over west, I have a story to tell 
.when I get time. Beyond these were other denizens of the Fourth Town, among whom 
were the Prices, Myers, Duciugs, John Holland, Squire Andinis, Dr. Cooley, Elder War- 
ren, Judge Thurston, and, over west, the Thorntons. Soules, and, a little later. Marvel 
Shaw, with others, whose names, perhaps, I ought to insert with the above. 

On the hill west of Squire Gates', Deacon Rogers lived. His wife was a Taft. They 
were fi'om Lima, N. Y. Their children were Charles, Audi-ew, William, Roxford and 
JVIary Jane. 

North and west of Indian Village lived at this time James and Samuel De Nean, and, 
a little later, the Bristols, the Hinx families, Renif, Eldei-kin, George Throoj), Mark Win- 
chell, Bancroft, the Trembles, or Trombleys (a French family who built a saw-mill), Ben- 
jamin, Hopkins families, Rufus Hall and others. 

By the year 1831, so numerous had been the additions that time nor space will per- 
mit me more tlian to name the families. Now Judge Prentiss had arrived, N. T. Taylor 
and others laid out Romeo, and he was active in merchandise. The Buzzells were here, 
Daniel was knight of the sheai's, and Martin was getting his store ready and paying at- 
tentions to Miss Clarissa Winchell, the sister of Mrs. N. T. Taylor. Now John Taylor 
was opening up his farm. Possibly this was in 183'2. The Scotch settlement was being 
made, as the Wileys, Grays. Crawfords and other Scotch families settled in the northern 
part of the Fifth Town, now Bruce. About this time came to this vicinity, besides Rev. 
John Taylor and his son. the Parmelees, Collins, Bishops, Thurstons. Donaldsons, Ira 
Phillips, the mighty hunter; Bushuell, who kept the Three-Mile House; Luke Fisher, 
Porter, Rufus Prentiss, the Staudish family, Daniel and CoUatinus Day, and, on the 
branch, were located M. T. Lane, Asa Holman, Charles Farrar, Willard Guild and fami- 
lies, and, beyond them, the Aldrich settlement. 

Now, too, the volume of village population was rapidly augmented. Dr. Cyrus 
Baldwin and family and many others came. The arrival of Lyman W. and Lems S. Gil- 
bert was a matter of moment. If I should span on to or beyond 1886, with the coming 
of Rix and Kidder, Dexter and Joel Mussey, Nathan Dickenson and before them of Major 
Aaron B. Rawles, John W. Dyar, D. C. Walker, Calvin G. Shaw, Asa B. and Jerry Ayers, 
Beckman, Dr. Sabin and brother. Dr. Whitney, the Southwells, the Ewells, the Palmers, 
Scranton, the Skillmans, Jacob Smith, there would still be left such a multitude that no 
man could number them. I go back, then, to 18'2y. 

Roads were being opened and improved; sunshine and showers gladdened many a 
little household, and fruitful farms were just coming to the light. Men aspired to the 
ownership of horses as well as farms, and women not only to tidy homes, but to many a 
cherished little keepsake of boughten goods. People multiplied on every hand. Society 
was fast taking on its permanent forms of organization, modern improvements were being 
introduced, the Indians were fast disap})earing. It was the Indian Village no longer. 
What should the new name be l" 

COKnECTIONS .\NI) ADDITIONS. 

Before passing awiiy from the first part of this review, it is well to notice that Dr. 
Hollister omitted a few important items in his brilliant paper, which are given or amend- 
ed in the following: 

Among the families missed, who were living here previous to 1883, there were living 
half a mile south Nelson Lowell and his wife, and, a little farther west and north, Ste- 



3P1 



V 



^^t, 



i^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



phen Goetchius, a widower, and his sons, William, Henry D. , Irving, James, Thomas and 
his daughters, Mrs. Race, Mrs. Taylor and a young girl. Phoebe. 

On the east and northeast were the families of Col. Perry, Mr. Hamblin, Albert Ed- 
gett. Job Howell and Iddo ^^'arner. Roswell Webster had three daughters not mentioned 
— Mrs. Sylvester Finch, Mrs. Jonas Cutler and Mrs. Henry Vancleet; in the Leslie family 
Mrs. Burt and Mrs. Alverson, in Suell Hovey's family, Chaimcey, Perry and Susan; in 
Gurdon Hovej^'s family, Hiram, the oldest, who died in Texas, and the Widow Scott. 
In the Finch family, Sylvester. Hoxie was not buried in what has been known as the 
'■ Big Field." on the west side of the road, but on the east side of the road, very near 
where Stephen Bailey's house now stands; and the family disappeared from the place in 
1829 instead of 1827. 

The first physician was not Dr. Richards, but a Dr. Green, who lived near the dwell- 
ing-house now owned by John McGill, in the northeast part of the village. Rumor at 
this late day gives him the name of hurrying two of the early settlers over the silent rivei'. 
The two persons were Mr. Healy and Mi\ Webster. Mr. Healy was the first white man 
that died in this vicinity. He was bui'ied a little over one mile south of Romeo, on a knoll, 
on the west side of the road, on Benjamin's farm. 

THE FIRST POST OFFICE. 

The nrst post office was named Indian Village, up to 1820, although letters addi-essed 
to Hoxie's settlement were just as sure of their destination. The first Postmaster was Gid- 
eon Gates. For many years, he distributed the mail at his house, a half mile north from 
the Corners, He usually wore, except in midsummer, a large bell-crowned hat, and 
wrap])ed in a red bandana handkerchief, in that hat he was wont to can-y imdistributed 
letters belonging to the settlement. If by chance you met the Squire, you came upon the 
post office too. and he had only to summon his memory, or perchance tiu-n the parcel to 
determine who had letters and who had not. Of coiu'se, he was a man much sought 
after, and, fortunately, he was easy to find. A s])ecial event was the ai rival of the weekly 
mail. The old red chest, ujxjn which the contents of the pouch were cast was often sur- 
rounded theu, as such a one might be now, with palpitating hearts, waiting to be glad 
or sad, as something or nothing was in store for them. There were lovers then as now, 
and. to them as these, the mails were slow coaches. There were politicians, too, j>anting 
for the latest news — all alive to learn whether Adams ur Jackson was the victor. 

And then there were those lonely hearts who had left the dear old homes far away to 
the eastward, who never ceased to dwell upon the memories of their childhood and to 
think of dear ones left behind. At eventide in more than one little hamlet, when tlie 
tinkling of the cow-liell and the song of the whip-poor-will were just beside the door, and 
the ci-icket sang his hearth song, dew-di-oj)s were falling outside and tear-th'ops within. 

Usually a visit afterward to the old homestead was a panacea for all these ills, and 
most returned from the Eastern visit weaned from the old home and ever after hapjiy in 
the new. 

Letters in such days as these, how precious they were; read and reread; worn out by 
reading; worn into the memory. Letters then were of joyful import, and then, as now, 
letters breathing saddest soitows, telling them as ouly stricken hearts can sometimes write 
when griefs are too gi-eat for other utterance. Then as now these were anxiously sought 
after, and that bell-crowned hat was a central idea to more hearts than one. 

The names of the Postmasters since Gates' time have been: Philoman Cook, Orin 
Southwell, Azariah Prentis-s, 18-14; Charles F. Mallary, 1846; A. E. Leete, 1849; George 
Chandler, Philo Tilson, D. Green, William Hulsart, Henry Howgate, William Wilkinson, 
Milton Thompson and James Gray. 



-^ 



^"^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



PIONEER PHYSICIANS. 

The pioneer among them was Dr. Cooley — a man of fine form, good mind, well in- 
formed, and, withal, a little eccentric in his habits. He resided until his death in the 
south part of Washington. His home was here as early as 1826; perhaps earlier. His 
services were in requisition for long distances in all this region of country; few names 
were better known here. The Doctor was specially fond of the study of botany, and his 
herbarium was one of the most extensive and best classified that ever was gathered in the 
Territory of Michigan. His eccentricities of dress, his flowing unshorn ciu'ls, luxuriant 
and beautiful as a woman's, gave partial evidence. He was a good physician and rendered 
invaluable service to the early settlers. He died where he so long lived, widely known 
and much respected. 

Dr. Carpenter came in 1828. He boai'ded for a time in the house of Capt. Chamber- 
lin. A little later, he maiTied Miss Freeman, a sister of Asahel Bailey. He built a neat 
little residence on the west side of Main street, a little north of N. T. Taylor's store, and 
engaged in the general practice of medicine. He succeeded well, but removed from the 
village at an eai'ly day. An exploit of his adventurous rooster used to be well told. The 
Doctor was accustomed to prepare his own medicines. He placed a lot on aboard outside 
the door to diy. At length he heard a gentle tapping. Was it a child? Was it some 
timid patient who sought his aid with only half resolve? The Doctor went forth to see, 
when, to his hon'or, he found the rooster just in the act of eating the last pill, and walk- 
ing proudly away. It was indeed a fowl proceeding; but the incensed doctor could only 
wish their full efl'ect upon the thievish bird. The rooster lived long, esteemed it a good 
joke and only crew the louder. And, after all it gained a credit for the Doctor as being 
a safe j^rescriber. It surely might be safe to take the medicine which could not kill a 
chicken. 

Dr. Cyrus Baldwin came in 1830, bringing his family with him, and dwelt here for 
many years. Baldwin was advanced in years, but was a man of sterling value and an 
ardent supporter of all that was for the jiublic good. After several years of successful 
[iractiee. he removed to Grand Blanc, and there died at a very advanced age. 

Dr. AVebster, son-in-law of Baldwin, located at Utica in 1830. There he became ill, 
was brought to Romeo, and died after a short time. He was a young man of rare 2:)ro- 
fessional attainment, and, had he lived, would be widely known and prized. He died 
the first year after his arrival, and was buried in the village grounds, near Mi\ Finch's 
house. 

Drs. Sabin, Whitney, Powers. Andr'.nvs and Teed were among the old settlers of 
Borneo : others may be mentioned in this work, but the men just named form the rank and 
file of the pioneer doctors of Romeo. 

REMINISCENCES OF EARLY TIMES. 

The occurrence of religious worship was a stated means of friendly meeting, so that 
most of the settlers were in the habit of attending, although they were not all professors 
of religion. To enjoy such meetings many came long distances. Nor were they so deli- 
cate nor so daintily dressed that a threatening cloud kept them at home. Perhaps it was 
on funeral occasions that social sympathy found most conspicuous expression. Few of 
the settlers were absent at such times. There was no officiating sexton, no pall, no hearse 
then. The people met at the house of the bereaved, then formed in double file and slowly 
wended their way to the schoolhouse, where services were held. In procession, the able- 
l)odied men went first as bearers, and, by successive changes, carried on their shoulders 
the rude bier on which rested the coffin. The services over, the processionists resumed 
their march, and. with silent tread, proceeded to the open grave. Here thanks were given 



:fv^ 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



to the attendants by the clergy in behalf of mourning friends. Then followed timely ad- 
monition and the fervent prayer, the tilling of the grave by the same strong hands, then 
the benediction and then the wending of ways to the sad homes of those who mourned 
and of those who most sincerely sympathized. 

The biu'ial of the tirst Mrs. Abbott was such a scene. She was a woman of talent 
and culture, the sister of Deacon Burbank, of Rochester. She had lived here but a little 
while; yet her death was a sad loss, not only to her young family, but also to the whole 
settlement. 

The funeral of Clarissa Williams, an orphan girl of eighteen summers, was another 
of those old-time meetings. This girl lived with the Finch family. She fell upon the 
ice and injui-ed her head, which resulted in her death. Elder Warren presided over the 
funeral services. 

The death and burial of old Mr. Finch and the decease of his wife immediately after 
caused deep mourning. 

The death of Dr. ^^'ebster and that of the second wife of William Abbott drew forth 
demonstrations of sympathy which can never be forgotten by the participants. 

Again the death of N. T. Taylor's child, and her burial in the garden close by the 
Taylor dwelling, were events which excited the sympathies of those warm-hearted early 
residents. After the body was placed in the coSin, a white dove flew into the house and 
alighted on the coHin. 

The sudden death of Col. Hollister and the accidental killing of Jacob Beekman, 
formed subjeet-i for most impresssve demonstrations of sympathy and sorrow. 

LEISURE HOURS. 

About 1832, the settlement was all astir by the arrival of the lirst menagerie. The 
canvas was about fifty feet in diameter and had no awning. The animals comprised an 
elephant, a young lion, a camel, a few guinea pigs, some Shetland ponies and a monkey. 
This was a great show indeed! The orchestra comprised a fiddle, a bag-pipe and a clar- 
ionet. The occasion was so important that one of the most respected citizens — Martin 
Buzzell — was asked to play the last-named instrument. 

The three days" training farce was another periodical amusement. The boys con- 
tinued to meet until they laughed themselves to death, and so their meetings ceased. The 
old ^Miigs of the settlement were commanded by Gideon Gates, Capt. Chamberliu and 
N. T. Taylor. The powerful Jackson Democrats were often marshaled under Col. Hollis- 
ter and Gen. John Stockton. 

A FEW WELL-REMEMBERED SETTLERS. 

Jonas Renter, who owned the lot now owned by Earl Hamlin, was killed in I82r) by 
a limb falling upon him in the woods. As he was in the habit of spending his Sabljath 
away from his boarding-house, no search was made for him until Monday, when he was 
found beneath the limb. To all appearances, he was killed instantly by the branch falling 
from the tree he was chopping. 

Julius Millard carried the first mail to and from Detroit by way of Stony Creek. 
David Froat carried the mailfrom Romeo to St. Clair; made the trip down and back in a 
day. One Cutler afterward performed the same feat. 

In 1822, one Jennings lived in a little hut near where the Sterling House now stands. 
His pretended wife was a squaw, and his time was devoted to inflation of ciuTency, and 
so proficient was he in the business that his money passed at par at the land office. He 
soon passed to other regions and his departiu-e was not regretted. This Jennings is re- 
ferred to in the Bailey reminiscences. He was blacksmith, trap-maker, bee-hunter, gun- 
smith. He caught the first bear in Washington Township, in a tamarack swamp on 



'-i^ 



Marcus Nye's land. It appears that Junnings just found a swarm of bees out in the swamp 
in an old hollow tamarack tree near the ground. At the same time, a bear found the 
swarm and carried it off before the hunter could appropriate it. Jennings contented him- 
self with setting a ti-ap that night, which resulted in trapping the bear on the following 
day. 

Old Uncle Wilson, a lone, taeitiu-n. well-read, intelligent Scotchman, settled in Wash- 
ington in 1824. He a[)[)eared to be an exile on account of religious or political intoler- 
ance in his own land, but never offered a word of ex]3lanation regarding his reason for 
coming here. When John Bates, with his mother and sisters, were coming to Macomb, 
in 1832. they met the old man traveling toward Detroit, since which time his career i^ 
wrapped in mystery. 

Lyman Squires and Daniel Smith moved to Romeo in 1824, built a small log house 
near the middle of the Piatt Chamberlin lot, and made a commencement about half a mile 
north of the fair grounds and set out a few fruit trees, some of which are still standing. 
Squires sold to James Leslie and moved to Dryden. where his descendants now reside. 
Smith owned the Chamberlin lot, also a lot southwest of the village a few _\ears, aad also 
moved to Dryden. 

Cajit. Buell came to Romeo from Vermont in 1825, was a bachelor and lived with the 
Kittredge family; afterward with Col. Perry. He was killed at the creek one morning, 
as he was washing his face, Ijy a stone thrown l)y some person who wished to startle him. 
His was the first grave made in the Proctor Graveyard. 

ROMEO IN 18;-56-37. 

In 183B, the streets were cumbered with stumps, and the traveler was brought to a 
stand-still on dark nights too suddenly to enjoy any pleasure in the arrangement. The 
only back streets at the time was one running from the American House west to Holman 
& Farrar's shop; thence north to St. Clair; and one running south from Amos Palmer's 
shop to the brick wagon-shop; thence west to Main street. The first plank was not then 
laid for a sidewalk. The road then north of the steam mill was a mere lane, so narrow 
and full of knolls it was difficult to pass through with an empty wagon. In the sunnner 
of 1886, sheep were killed by wolves within a few rods of the site of G. H. Holman's 
present residence, and the boys killed coons in the corn-lields within forty rods of where 
Isaac Brabb's house now stands. A buggy or a cai-riage was among the unknown luxiu"ies 
of those early days. At that time, the hardware store of A. B. Rawles was the best and 
almost the only good house in town. Stage-coaches were only seen in the dim futirre, 
while plank roads seemed so far down the river of time that the eye of faith could not reach 
them, and but few expected to live long enough to see the day dawn on that era. 

In June, 1826, the whole number of frame dwelling houses was thirty; log houses, 
three; frame barns, twenty-one; log barns, one; small Congregational Church, visited 
once in two weeks by Rev. Mi\ Taylor, father of John Taylor, and Rev. IMr. Hollister, of 
the Episcopal Chiu'ch. once in two weeks Revs. Shaw and Richard, of the Methodist 
Church, preached once every four weeks in 1837, or about that time; one small school- 
house; an academy was opened in the church in 1836 or 1837. by Oman Archer; the 
Romeo Exchange, kept by Keeler; the American Hotel was l)uilt in 1840, by Aaron B. 
Rawles, and opened, July 4, by A. Streeter; physicians, Sabin and Tead. in 1836, and 
Whitney in 1838; three dry goods stores, kept by A. B. Rawles, Rux, Kidder & Co. and 
N. T. Taylor: Shaw & Dyar, A. B. Ayers and Dickenson & Mussey commenced in 1837, 
and Dickenson & Giddings in 1838; Pratt & Price, in 1839; Dickenson, Giddings & Newbm-y, 
in 1840; Mallary & Stei)heus, in 1843; Amos Palmer and W. &. B. Barrows, wagon-shops; 
J. P. Smith, tailor shop; Cuyler's tinshop; Noyes' tannery and shoeshop; Isaac Skillman, 



^f 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



furnace foundiy; Hemy Van Atter and B. L. Perkins, cooper-shops; L. Sage and C. 
Chamberlin's carpenter-shops; Emory & Wilcox, chair factory; Gideon Gates was Post- 
master and Justice of the Peace; there was a mail every two weeks; H. A. Jennison com- 
menced the joiners business in the fall of 1830, and William Hulsart opened ashoeshopin 
1837. 

E. W. Giddings & Sons, proprietors of the house established in 1888 or 1839 by 
Dickenson, Giddings & Newbuiy. 

C. F. Mallary & Co.. successors to Stephens & MaUary, who established their hard- 
ware house in May, 1843. 

Loiid & Newbury, successors to C. B. Newbury, "who established the hoiise in 1848. 

Giddings, Rowley & Co., successors to the business established in October, 1856, by 
H. O. Smith and M. A. Giddings. 

Holland & Reade, owners of the drug store established in 1855 by B. T. Castle. 

T. A. Smith inaugiu-ated his general store May '.i3, 1803. 

Price & Flumerfelt's general store was established by J. E. Price September 15, 
1862. 

Phelps, Newman & Co. commenced business in April, 1857. 

George Washer combined the business of auctioneer and harness-maker, establishing 
himself here as early as 1850. 

W. R. Owen succeeded to the business established in 1852 by A. B. Ayers, in 1861. 

H. P. Piper commenced the jewelry business November 1, 1869. 

I. M. Wilkinson & Co. established a news agency and book store here August 1, 
1869. 

Durand & Mussey succeeded Chester & Dui-and in the drug trade April 11, 1867. 

Daniel McCoy, grain dealer, succeeded J. F. Jackman, April, 1868. 

I. P. Muzzy, successor to Muzzy & Bro., opened a tlour and feed store in 1869. 

■James H. Boden opened a carriag(> and wagon shop in July, 1866. 

Caleb NVe and H. A. Jennison inaugurated the crockerv and glassware business in 
March, 1868." 

Price & Smith opened a crockery and grocery store in 1868 or 1869. 

C. E. Sutherland, dealer in musical iustraments and sewing-machines, was here in 



J. G. Trpmaine, produce buj'er, opened his store December 15, 1869. 

C. W. Edson succeeded L. B. Gray in the livery business December 5, 1868. 

E. Coykendal succeeded John Cawker as proprietor of the American House February 
1. 1868. 

A. B. Ellithorpe opened the Peninsular House July 1, 1869. 

John B. Dyar succeeded to his father's dry goods business in 1868. John W. Dyar 
established the house in 1839. 

Ayers & Sibbet comnienced the business of machinists in 1852. Holman & Carrar 
purchased their interests in i860, who sold to Anson Hamblin in 1864, and he in turn to 
Hamblin & Bates, January 2, 1869. 

The First National Bank was presided over by E. ^\'. Giddings in 1869. 

Dr. J. Douglass commenced the practice of dentistry in March. 1852. 

Dr. R. S. Bancroft opened a dentist's office in May, 1852. 

Dr. Hay ward was the homeopathic physician here from 1866. 

C. M. C. Snover made a plat of Romeo in 1869-70. This he loaned to Mr. Lowell; 
who loaned it to one of the men connected with the Atlas in 1875. A copy of this plat 
appeared in the Alias, which was signed by O. F. Waegon, C. E., when it should bear 
the name of the original draftsman. 



nv 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The First National Bank was organized March 30, I8fi4, with Neil Gray as President. 
He held the office until his death, Decemlier 14, 18GS. L. C. Mclntvre was first Cashier, 
which office he resigned April 3. 1865. Henry O. Smith succeeded him in 1865. E. \V. 
Giddings was elected President January 7. 1S6U. The Directors then elected were E. W. 
Giddings. Hugh Grav. Alvin B. Ayer. 'M. A. Giddings, E. F. Mead. Amlrew M. Grover, 
John Smi^h, Jr., John H. Brabb, Noah W. Gray and H. O. Smith. 

ROMEO IN 18S1. 

How far superior Romeo of today is to the village of 1853 may be learned from the 
following list of Romeo taxpayers who are down on the books for $97 and upward: John 
W. Dval^ $240.63: Hugh Gray, $395.69: E. \V. Giddings, $455.59: Charles Burr, $158.- 
88: A. B. Ayer. $104.60: Alden Giddings. $2^7.11; James Gray, $120.50: M. A. Gid- 
dings. $122! 95: H. C. Gray, $253.03: William Grav, $105.60: Watson Loud, $210.17; 
Newbury Bros.. $283.46: E. S. Snover, $192.45: A. J. Sykes. $176.39: Romeo Carriage 
Company, $124.53: Jerome Benjamin. $203.73: A. B. Maynard. $357.30; Newbury Es- 
tate. $119.84; James Thompson. $168.18: Haryev Eldred. $116.29: G. G. Hartung, 
$110.61: H. A. Shaw, $129.53; J. L. Benjamin. $153.26; J. H. Brabb, $120.95; J. M. 
Thorington. $192.17: Hiram Eldred. $109.29; Cynthia Bailey. $98.78; Andrew Winter- 
mute, $97.87; Snover Crissman. $245.17. 

SCHOOLS .^ND SCHOOL TEACHERS. 

Gideon Gates was the first Justice of the Peace, the first Postmaster, and also the 
first schoolmaster. In many respects, he was well fitted in his yonnger years for that po- 
sition. He was a man of more than ordinary attainment for those times; was of quick 
discernment and lively turn of manner, which fitted him far better than others to be the 
country schoolmaster. 

Through the enterprise of Capt. Chamberlin, Asahel Bailey and Gideon Gates, the 
first schoolhouse was erected in 1828. It served as the district schoolhouse for many 
years, and was located on the roadside between the residences of Asahel Bailey on the 
south, Gideon Gates and Capt. Chamberlin on the north, and of old Mr. Finch on the 
northeast, where the north district schoolhouse stands. The same site was for many years 
later occupied by a much better building for a similar purpose. The original house was 
aboiit twenty by thirty feet, an ample entry way reducing the school room to aboxit twenty 
feet square. This too was the country meetinghouse for many years, and here, by mutual 
agreement, the various denominations of Christians held religious services. 

Hither was gathered the first school in the winter of 1828-29. Gideon Gates, as 
schoolmaster, was not a man of unnecessary activity. He 'isually sat perched ixpon a lit- 
tle stool, nearly in the center of the little room, and ruled his little kingdom, not with a 
little rod of iron, but with a tremendously long hazel switch. Michigan can beat the 
world on hazel switches, and the largest of them grew right roun^ that schoolhouse. The 
lai'gest matured in 1828, and went into service that winter. The master seldom rose from 
his seat: the extended rod could reach to the farthest scholar, and the blows fell thick and 
heavy in each rebellion until there was unconditional surrender. The classics were not 
even pursued, but the King's English was captured, and, at times, pretty badly handled. 
Still, it is our pride to write the first school a success, and the first schoolmaster more 
than equal to the situation. 

The next teacher was Miss Jnlia Chamberlin, a daughter of Gad Chamberlin, who sub- 
sequently married Luther Shaw. Her remains rest in thf> cemetery on the hill since 
1835. She taught in 1828. and also in 1829. 

Azariah Prentiss became head master of the school in 1830. Summer and winter he 



7(^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



supervised the studies with marked success. True, his afternoon nap in the long summer 
days was a little prolonged, and the boys gained many an extra recess, yet, during his 
waking hours, there was a spun'ing on in study which compensated fully for lost time. 

Miss Sarah Baldwin, daughter of Dr. Baldwin; Miss Hopkins, sister of Cyrus Hop- 
kins; Miss Sophrouia Ewell and Miss Standish, taught schools during the summer from 
1830 to 1835, while the winter schools were presided over successively by Judge Prentiss, 
Gideon Gates, Halleck, Brown, Allen Buzzell, and perhaps another. There was a turbu- 
lent spirit prevailing at that time among the youth; yet the school-teachers of the past 
preserved order and maintained a standard much above the average of district schools. 

Among the best educators of that time was iMiss Jerusha Shaw, best known among the 
little ones as •'Aunt Jerusha." She was the sister of Rev. John B. and Liither Shaw. 




FIRST SPHUOL UUlsE IN ROIILU 

As early as 1834, the need of a higher grade of instruction than the district school 
afforded was very generally felt. The boys were growing rapidly to manhood, and there 
were no schools near at hand where hopeful daughters could receive the finishing touches 
of a liberal education. The advent of Ormou Archer marked a new era in the history of 
schools at Romeo. He was originally from Grandville, N. Y., a graduate of Williams 
College, and had been Principal of a seminary at Utica, N. Y., for two years. His acad- 
emy was established here in 1835. It continued until 1839, during which time it pro- 
duced some of the l^est students to be found iu the State at that time. Among the pupils 
were the younger members of the Chamberlin family, the childi-en of N. T. Taylor, of the 






A l« — *- ^r= 

630 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

Abbott family, the members of Ei'astus Day's family, all the younger members of the 
Ewell family, of the Holman, of the Hollister, of the Gilbert, of the Bailey, families, 
with the Biu'banks of Rochester, the Comstocks from St. Clair, the Benedicks from " over 
west," Green and Oran Freeman of this district, Hurd and Bancroft of Detroit, H. H. 
Wells. D. R. Shaw, the Lookes, Harvey Fuller, Peter Myers, the Thnrstous. and many 
others fi'om the neighborhood. 

Profs. Nutting and Palmer are remembered among the early teachers. To these and 
their immediate successors, next to the liberal and enlightened course pursued by the peo- 
ple of Romeo, the enviable success of the schools here is largely due. 

THE ROMEO ACADEMY. 

The Romeo Academy has been one of the mast notable schools of learning in the 
State. It was the development, after the New England pattern, of the district school 
into a higher institution of learning, and was in its day well known and patronized through- 
out all this region of the State. From its halls have gone forth many men and women 
now active antl prominent in all the walks of life. This academy was opened in J835. 

Dr. Hollister, speaking of the academy in 1878, recalled the names of Asahel Bailey 
and Mr. Finch, of Gad Chamberlin. Gideon Gates and Roswell Webster, and the location 
of the old schoolhouse nearly midway between them, while farther north was Sewell 
Hovey, northwest was Deacon" Rogers, east was Erastus Day. southeast William Abbott, 
south Mr. Foot and Gurdeon Hovey, and a few other families, active in the formation of 
the fii'st district school, variously located, in the spring of 1828. 

When, in the fullness of time, the academy was to be, he recited the names of many 
of the old citizens, whose families were already growing up and in present need of such 
an institution. Among those named were Jacob Beekman. N. T. Taylor, Asahel Bailej', 
the Gilbert family. Willard Guild, Samuel Ewell. William Abbott, Capt. Chamberlin, 
Elijah Look, Henry Wells, Asa Holman, Standish. Erastus Day, Jacob Skillman. Sr. , the 
Buzzell family, Raymond, A. W. Sterling, and many others. Then he gave a list of the 
younger married men, who. while yet their families were young, still gave to the uew en- 
terprise their hearty support. Among those named were M. T. Lane. Charles Farrar, Dr. 
Jeremiah Sabin, Dr. J. P. Whitney, Amos Palmer, Dennis Scranton, Martin Southwell, 
Mr. Winans, Mr. Sage, John Maitland, Henry Howarth, William Hulsart, Martin Buzzell, 
Linus Gilbert, Isaac Gilbert, Amos Hewett, Darius Ewell. Gel Rix. 

And still another was a class of young men, all marriageable, whose needs were all 
jirospective, the very mention of whom is to-day a little amusing as coming under this 
list. AiBong them as named were Aaj'on B. Rawles, John W. Dyar, Calvin A. Shaw, D. 
C. ^^'alker, Dexter Mussey, Asa and Jerry Ayers, Dr. H. B. Teed, Grin Southwell. Abijah 
Palmer. Nathan Palmer, Allen Buzzell, Carlton Sabin, Silas McKeen. Charles Chamber- 
lain. Sidney M. Kidder, Horace Bogart. James Snover, Jacob Smith, Blake Barrows, Jo- 
seph Gilbert. 

Under the head of teachers, reference was specially made to Miss Jerusha Shaw, later 
Mrs. Owen, as the originator of the first private school, and to her personal agency in se- 
curing a Principal for the academy that was to be. 

He referred very fully to the coming to Romeo of Oman Archer as the. first Principal 
of the Romeo Academy, and to the organization of that school in the fall of 1835. 

The Doctor ventured to recount, as far as memory would serve, the families repi-e- 
sented in that school: Of the Abbotts. Franklin. Norman, Isaac. Jane, Elizabeth and 
Mary; of the Beelnnans, James, Caroline and John; of the Buzzells, Allan and Stephen; 
of the Baileys, Prudence and Maria; of the Chamberlains, Joseph, Nelson and James; of 
the Days, Daniel. Levi and Lucinda; of the Dodges, Julia; of the Ewells, Holbrook, Hall, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Jane and Nancy: of the Gilberts, Joseph and Ira; of the Parrars. Merrill and Charles; 
of the Holmans, Sumner, George. Lura. Elizabeth and Cynthia; of the Looks. Asher. 
James and Eliza; of the Raymonds, Samuel and younger sisters; of the Skillmans, Jacob, 
Abram, Isaac and three sisters; of the Standishes. Susan: of the Wellses, Henry. From 
another list of those coming out of town, he noted the following; The Thirrstons, Stock- 
ton, Bancroft, Hiu-d, Freemans, Fuller. Benedict. Peter Myers. Ducing and others. Among 
the young ladies mentioned were Miss Juliette McKeau. the Misses Bm-bank. the Misses 
Comstock. Miss Westbrook, Miss Louisa Benedict. Miss Bancroft. Miss Lucesda M;u-k- 
ham, and perhaps others. 

The Doctor spoke of the ladies' school of Miss Martha Makepeace, later, Mrs. E. W. 
Giddings, refen-ing to the cultiu-e of the lady and of the remembrances that are to-day still 
cherished by her pupils. He then spoke of his three years' absence pm^suing his studies 
elsewhere, and of his tinding, upon his retm-n, the school re-organized and flourishing un- 
der the direction of Prof. Nutting and his estimable wife, and his daughter, Miss Marcia. 
He named some of the pupils in Prof. Nutting's school: Andrews, Johnson, the Trow- 
bridges, the Parks. Wattles. Allison, Donaldson. Cooper. Poppleton, Welch, Hall. Lane, 
the Holmans, Farrars, Sexton. Leete. Ames, the Chandlers, the Hodges, the Harts. Ker- 
chival. the Brownrows. the Biu-ts, the Taylors. Nuttings, ^^'ells. Newbmy. Beekmans, 
Parmelee. Owen, and of the young ladies, Misses Dickinson, Mary Taylor, Delia Newbiu-y. 
Mary Mack. Lorissa Prentiss, the Misses Leete, Maria Holenbeck, Kate Trowbridge, Caddy 
Beekman, Augusta Abel, the four Windiates. Miss Henry. Melissa Crittendens. the Bron- 
sons. Miss Cole, Miss Calkins and others. Up to Prof. Nutting's time, school was held in 
the First Congregational Chiu-ch building, when the clnu'ch was moved west and called 
the academy. Nutting purchased this property and occupied it as long as he remained. 
The school was called the academy during Prof. Nutting's time. He was assisted by 
the members of his own family. 

Charles H. Palmer succeeded Prof. Nutting as Principal of the school. He conducted 
it for many years successfully. 

Isaac Stone, son of Isaac Stone, an old settler of Ray Township, was the next Prin- 
cipal. During his term, the principal citizens of Romeo organized a body corporate, under 
the name. " The Dickenson Institute." This name was adopted in honor of Nathan Dick- 
enson, who donated three acres of land for educational pruposes on the present site of the 
Union School. The Legislature had not previously provided for the organization of edu- 
cational bodies, so that the school was organized under the lyceum act. 

Then the school building, as now used, facing on Prospect street, was built. The 
style of architecture was rather ecclesiastical, and the cost of building, over $3,000, to- 
gether with §1,000 presented to Mr. Dickenson, which sum he donated toward the build- 
ing of the school. The Trustees were Edward S. Snover. P. R. Hurd. Dexter Mussey, 
E. W. Giddings and Neil Gray, Sr. These gentlemen continued to hold the office of 
Trustee until educational affairs here were organized under the general law. 

The first union school was formed after much opposition from a few members of the 
Board of Trustees of the Dickenson Institute. 

Prof. D. B. Briggs, noc Deputy Secretary of State, succeeded Mr. Stone in the win- 
ter of 1855. • He remained imtil the close of the spring term of 1857, when Prof. G. W. 
Perry, now of Chicago, succeeded Mr. Briggs. He conducted the school from the fall of 
1857 to 1859. 

Daniel Poor was the next Principal. AL-. Poor died recently at Wenona. 111. His 
stated salary as teacher of the school here was S500 per year, together with tuition fees. 
He remained until Prof. K B. Wood took charge of the school, and he remained until the 
arrival of Prof. Jepson. Prof. A\'ebster was the next teacher. 



'[' ^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The principal students of the school during Mi\ Palmer's time were: I. Hubbell, 
Member of Congi-ess; A. S. Welch, Moses Coit Taylor; A. W. Meaddaugh, lawyer; 
France. William and Bruce Chandler, Knox Gavin, William A. Throop, D. J. Davidson, 

Cortez Fessenden, I. S. Newberry. Johnson. Setterlee. Gelucia A. Gibbs, S. 

W. Fowler. David N. Cooper; James B. Eldredge. present Judge of Probate; Henry and 
Theodore Chase, C. P. and Edward Leete, Milton H. Butler. 

In Stone's time: J. C. Lowell, now of Jackson. Mich.; Dwight N. Lowell, a la^vj'er 
of Romeo; Irving D. Hanscom. Prosecuting Attorney; George P. Andrews, now a physi- 
cian at Detroit; Hugh James and Neil Gray; Henry and Jacob Rawles — the latter a Major 
in the United States Army — and A. B. Chandler. J. P. Poppleton was one of the teach- 
ers in Prof. Palmer's time. Dr. Hamilton studied under Briggs. This gentleman is at 
present Treasurer of Lapeer County. Rufus P. Palen, now a lawyer of Santa Fe, studied 
here under Prof. Poor. 

All the records of the Romeo school district were burned February U2, ]87(). A dec- 
laration made by Albert E. Leete, M. A. Giddings, Harvey Mellen, and the Director, Irving 
D. Hanscom, certified that the Trustees elect, and the time of the expiration of their terms 
of office, at the time the records were bui'ued, were as follows: 

Albert E. Leete, term expires 1877; Samuel A. Reade, term expires 1877; Moses A. 
Giddings, term expires 1876; Timothy A. Smith, term expires 1876; Harvey Mellen. term 
expires 1878; Irving D. Hanscom. term expires 1878. 

This board held the first regular meeting at the office of Irving D. Hanscom October 
5. 1875. Since that time, the officers of the board have been: 

1875 — A. E. Leete, Moderator; Irving D. Hanscom, Director; Samuel A. Reade, As- 
sessor and Treasiu'er. 

1876 — A. E. Leete. Moderator; I. D. Hanscom. Director; Samuel A. Reade. Assessor. 

1877 — The same officers were reelected. 

1878 — M. A. Giddings, Moderator; James Newman, Director; Samuel A. Reade, As- 



sessor. 
1879- 



-M. A. Giddings, Moderator; Irving D. Hanscom. Director; Samuel A.. Reade, 



The officers elected in 1879 were re-elected in 18S1. 



RELIGIOUS. 

Coiiyrcgational Church. —The chm-ch was organized here in a log schoolhouse August 
16, 1828. The town then consisted of a handful of houses of most jarimitive architectvu-e, 
and was called the Indian Village. Rev. Isaac W. Ruggles, a missionary bearing a com- 
mission from the American Home Missionary Society, and residing at Pontiac, came into 
this settlement and looked up the few scattered sheep, and organized them into a chm-ch, 
and froin time to time thereafter came, always on foot, by an Indian trail, from Pontiac, 
and broke to the little church in the wilderness the bread of life. 

The corporate members were only seven in number, viz.: Zelotus Stone, Gad Cham- 
berlain, Deacon and ili-s. Rogers. William Abbott, Mi-s. James Leslie and Chauncy Thorpe. 
All these have tinisheil their earthly pilgrimage except Mi\ Stone, who resides in the town 
of Ray. 

The church has had, for a longer or shorter period each, the services of eleven differ- 
ent ministers: .J. W. Ruggles, L. Shaw. P. Barber, J. B. Shaw. S. Hardv, R. R. Kel 
logg. O. C. Thompson. G. W. Newcomb, P. R. Hurd, H. O. Ladd, T. B. Haskell, and the 
present pastor, M. W. Fairfield. Fom' of these were duly installed — Mr. Kellogg, in 
184:3; Ml-. Hm-d, February 12, 1851; Mr. Ladd, February 16, 1870; and Mr. Fairfield, 
May 4, 1875. 




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A 





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Eight brethren have served in the office of Deacon: Nathan Rogers, Dexter Mussey, 
Seth L. Andi-ews, Ai-aunah Gilbert. Asa Hohnan, Watson Loud, M. A Giddings and H. 
O. Smith. Of these, three have "fallen asleep" — Deacons Rogers. Gilbert and Hol- 
man. 

The Sunday school was organized early in the history of the church, but at what pre- 
cise date is unknown. It has always been a prominent and Hom-ishing department of the 
chiu-ch work. Fom-teeu different brethren have served in the office of Superintendent: 
Rev. L. Shaw, Mr. Giles O. Archer, J. R. Taylor, D. Musaev, Prof. Poor, M. T. Lane, Mr. 
Mclntyi-e, U. T. Nichols, W. F. Abbott, N. Dickenson, C. "f. Mallary, W. Loud, M. A. 
Giddings, O. C. Thompson — who is the present efficient Superintendent, in his tenth year 
of service. Brethren Giles. Lane and Dickinson have been transferred to the Great 
Teacher's school above. 

In addition to ordinary religious interest and increase of membership by conversion 
from time to time in connection with the usual means of grace, there have been sis seasons 
of special revivals, when considerable numbers have been hopefully converted and gathered 
into the chiu-ch, and the church been specially strengthened. These revivals occui'red in 
the years 1832, 1838, 1852, 1866, 1871 and 1876. At these times, the pastor has been 
acceptably aided by ministerial brethren from abroad, both pastors and evangelists. The 
special meetings resulting in these revivals have sometimes been held by the church alone, 
but ordinarily and the most powerful have been union services. 

It is with satisfaction, proud though sad. that we recall to-day the fact that this con- 
gregation has not been wanting in self-sacrificing jsatriotism. ' For the preservation of the 
integrity of the Union, and for the maintenance of the national life against armed rebell- 
ion, it furnished thirty-six brave men, whose names we do well to cherish: Amos, Elam 
and Sabin Abbott, Lyman B. Holman, Nathan D. Mussey, Jeduthan Predmore, Jacob T. 
B. Skillman. Hem-y Wells, Jr., John S. Raymond. William A. Frazier. William Chand- 
ler, R. F. Selfridge, Frederick Rath, S. D. Raymond. Cyras Y. Dm-and. G. L. Crawford, 
William Hulsart and his three sons — Dexter, Robert and Charles — A. H. Leete. Thomas 
and James Moreland. Hannibal Nims. Jacob Rawles. C. P. Dake, I. D. Hanscom. David 
and Dwight Smith. Frank Barber, Eugene and Oscar WTiite, W. H. Pool, and Thomas, 
James and Albert Weigh tman. 

Of these, the thi'ee Abbotts, L. B. Holman, A. H. Leete, Robert Hulsart, Thomas 
Moreland. Hannibal Nims, Dwight Smith and Eugene and Oscar WTiite died in the serv- 
ice — nearly one-third of the whole number. The names of all these soldiers, and espe- 
cially of these eleven dead heroes and martyrs for liberty — the liberty of their country and 
of all mankind — ai-eamost precious and highly prized legacy of this Christian congi-egation. 

The service of song has always received special attention, and there have been brought 
to it more than ordinary musical "talent and culture. Great harmony has. for the most part, 
characterized the choir, and marked fidelity and enthusiasm in their work. 

When such names as, in the earlier choir, Mr. and Mrs. C. B. Newbury. Mrs. N. 
Dickinson. Mr. and :Mi-s. M. T. Lane, A. Bailey. A. B. Rawles. W. Hulsart, Dr. Leete, 
H. O. Smith, S. H. Ewell. Charles Farrai-, Dr. Loud, and in the later choir, Mr. and 
Mi-s. W. R. Owen. E. C. Newbury. John Ford. J. Yaughan. H. O. Smith. Dr. Loud, Miss 
Mary Smith, Miss Mattie Owen. Miss J. Mussey and Mi-s. Rolls, are recalled, this fidelity 
and success will occasion no sui'prise. 

We statedly contribute to the Foreign Missionary cause tlu-ough the American Boai-d: 

to the Home Missionary cause through the American Home Missionary Society; to the 

Southern work through the American Missionary Association; to the church Iniilding 

cause thi-ough the Congregational Union: and to the Bible cause through the American 

:39 

^ ft) I ' I «' ^^ 

'^( , r -^ ® "V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COLTNTY. 



Bible Society. Our contributions to these various causes have been considerable, but 
could be wisely increased, as we hope that they will steadily be. 

There are connected with this chm-ch a Woman's Missionary Society, a Dorcas So- 
ciety, and Children's Missionary Society — "'Little Sunbeams." These societies are all in 
good working oixler and doing satisfactory service. 

We have had three meeting-houses —the first erected in 1833. by Charles Chamber- 
lain, builder; the second, in 1842, by Mr. Wilcox; and the present commodious and taste- 
ful one was completed in May, 1877. These have all been on the same lot. and no loca- 
tion could be more desirable in the town. 

The house is gothic in style, with a commanding tower, and all most thoroughly and 
satisfactorily built. The work is first-class work fi*om foundation to tiuTet. inside and 
out. The building embraces the audience room. 65sr>'2 feet, seating fiUO persons, and can 
easily accommodate 80U people by bringing in extra seats; a chapel, which seats 200, and 
can be made to seat 300 by throwing back the sliding doors; a ladies' parlor, a library 
room and a Dorcas room — all these oq the first floor. There are furnace and domestic 
apartments, cisterns, etc., in the basement. The building is lighted throughout with gas. 

The entire cost of this structm-e. including the fiu-nishing, gas works, clock in tower, 
etc., is about $32,0t)0. It is probably as good and as handsome a building as has ever 
l)een erected in the State for this amount of money. We are particularly happy in saying 
that it is all absolutely paid for, and paid for in voluntary contributions in sums ranging 
from 25 cents to $6,200. 

The Methodist Church. — In 1824. Albert Finch, then an old man. was the pioneer 
who first opened his house in this district for religious worship. He made his home the 
abode of the first ministers of the Gospel, and his house a chiu'ch, while yet there were 
neither churches nor hotels. At his house the first Methodist class was formed in 1824. 
Two circuit ministers were assigned to this and other points adjacent, viz., Isaac C Hun- 
ter and Elias Pettit. The first Presiding Elder, being for 1824, was Z. H. Carter. The 
pastors for 1825-20 were John James and James Armstrong; for 1826-27, John James; 
for 1827-28, William Runnells and John James; for 1828-29, William T. Snow; for 
1829-30, W. T. Snow and Curtis Stoddard, Presiding Elder; for 1831, William Sprague 
and Mr. Browning. 

From 1824 to 1828, nieetings were held at the house <jf Mr. Finch, until the school- 
house was completed, in the winter of 1828. The first quarterly meeting and conference 
ever held here was assembled in that schoolhouse in Febniary, 1829. The second quar- 
terly meeting was at Niles' Corners, in Troy. 

From 1831 to 1835, Rev. Leonard Hill and Rev. Luther Whitney wers stationed on 
this circuit successively. In 1835. Henry Brakeman came. The pastors since that time 
were Revs. Comfort; Luther Whitney, second term, in 1839; H. Brakeman, 1841; Thomas 
Fox. 1843; John Russell, 1845; L. D. Price, 1847; David Thomas, 1849; M. B. Cambiu-n, 
1850; J. Jennings, 1852; William Bigelowand Luther Shaw, Presiding Elder, 1853; 
George Taylor, 1855; John Biu-nham, 1857; E. W. Borden, 1859; William Mahon, 1860; 
S. Clements, 1862; Elisha Pilchor, 1865; AVilliam Bigelow, second term, 1868; J. S. 
Smart. 1871; E. E. Caster, 1873; A. J. Bigelow, 1875; John Kelley, 1878; Thomas 
Stocker, 1879; and H. S. White, 1881-82. 

The principal men connected with the building of the new chm-ch were John A. Tins- 
man, James Starkweather; E. S. Snover, though not a member of the church, was a most 
liberal subscriber. The movement to build this house of worship was originated byT. P. 
Kennedy. J. A. Tinsman and James Starkweather. The Trustees of the church at the 
time were: T. P. Kennedy, Chairman; Alex Shelj), Secrotai-y; E. S. Snover, Treasiu-ev; 
James Starkweather and John A. Tinsman. members of board. The corner-stone was laid 



\^ 4 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



in June, 1872, and the house was dedicated June 8, 1874. The total cost of building and 
furniture was 142,000. The society numbers 235 members. The Sabbath school numbers 
about 225. 

The Trustees are: Rev. S. S. White. Chairman: T. D. Coe, Treasiu-er; T. P. Ken- 
nedy, J. A. Tinsman. Isaac N. Brabb. G. W. Brabb. William Braljb, James W. Thoring- 
ton. James Keel, Lyman Keudrick, with Alex Shelp, Steward and Secretary. 

The first church edifice was built in 1840. Since that time, the society has made 
marked progress. In numbers, it compares favorably with the Methodist Episcopal socie- 
ties of the county. The new chm-ch is one of the largest and most imposing structures in the 
county, and is an evidence of that just zeal which characterizes the Methodists of the village. 
Christia)! Church. — This church owes its origin to and is the outgrowth of several 
societies, gathered and organized within the limits of the county, as follows, viz.: Elder 
John Cannon, now living in the town of Shelby, and known as the pioneer preacher of the 
Christian denomination in Eastei-n Michigan, first came into the county in 1832. In 1833, 
he settled in the town of Shelby, and began preaching in the towns of Shelby and Wash- 
ington, extending his circuit as far south and west as Ypsilanti, Washtenaw County. The 
first baptism administered by him was in the town of Macomb, May 23, 1835. The first 
organization was effected in the tovni of Shelby, June 27, 1835. consisting of seven mem- 
bers, with John Cannon, Pastor: Edward Hoard, Deacon; Levi Hoard, Clerk. This so- 
ciety continued to prosper, and in 1842 transferred its place of meeting to the town of 
Washington, near where the village of Washington is now located. Elder Cannon contin- 
ued as pastor of this society mainly up to the year 1853, but it enjoyed the labors also of 
Elders James Knight, Horatio N. Richards, Thomas Mclntyre and others. 

The second organization was in the town of Bruce, March 21, 1858, under the labors 
of Elder John Cannon, who was its fii-st Pastor, succeeded bv Elder Horatio N. Richards, 
Stephen Fellows, Caleb Mosher. The third was formed in the Stroup settlement, town of 
Macomb, the same year, by Elder Cannon, and was afterward merged into the chiu^ch of 
Chesterfield, and removed its place of meeting to that town. Over this society Elder Can- 
non presided as pastor for nearly twenty years. 

The fourth organization was formed in the town of Richmond, of which the record is 
not at hand. 

All these societies, except the one in Chesterfield, have a representation in the 
present church of Romeo, which was organized, with nine members, July 6, 1867, by El- 
der Cornelius Bearing, with Stephen Grinnell and Robert Hamilton, Deacons, and Edward 
Soule, Clerk: Cornelius Dearing, Pastor. At the close of the year, the list of membership 
was twenty-nine. In the year 1868, the present chm-ch edifice was begun, and was com- 
pleted and dedicated in February, 1871. at which time the membership was fifty-six. 
Original cost of building, $12,000. The pastoral relation between Elder Dearing and the 
church was this year dissolved, and he was succeeded by Elder J. Warren Weeks, of Day- 
ton. Ohio, under wiiose labors the church enjoyed much prosperity and succeeded in li(|ui- 
dating the debt yet resting upon the church building. The membership at the close of J. 
W. Weeks' pastorate, which terminated in March, 1874, was eighty-eight. He was suc- 
ceeded by his father. Elder Joseph AVeeks, who continued with the church but one year, 
and was followed by Elder John A. Yoimg. of Omi-o, Wis. . who has been with them seven 
years, since June. 1875. with prospects of continuance. Present membership, eighty- 
four. J. A. Young, Pastor: B. H. Thurston and Alanson Sleeper, Deacons: Miss Mary 
L. Cannon. Clerk. As nearly as can be ascertained from records at hand, the whole num- 
ber of persons holding membership in this church, from the earliest date of its organiza 
tion until the present, is about fom- hundred; the highest number reached at any one time, 
one hundred and five; present nimiber. eighty-four. 



^ 



-4> 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



The Bnpfi.-tt Cliitrcli. — The first Baptist Claureli of Romeo was organized June 16, 
1840, at the house of Ira Phillips, in the town of Armada. Members present were: Ida 
Wariser. Sophia Warner. Nathaniel Bennett, Mary Bancroft, Jehial Campbell, Jane Camp- 
bell, Phcebe Barnes, Hiram T. Bancroft, Wily Bancroft, Lydia Becraft, Lucinda Bennett, 
Julia Warner, Cynthia Le.slie, Amelia Bancroft; Rev. William Tuttle, Chairman: Wiley 
Bancroft, Clerk. September 20, 1846, the brethren and sisters, under the leadership of 
Rev. Supply Chase, met at the house of Mrs. Nancy Ewell, in Romeo, where articles of 
faith were adopted. January 3, 1847, David Green chosen Clerk; David Quackenboss, 
Treasiu-er, May 28, 1847; Jarvis Green chosen Deacon September 28, 1847. The chui'ch 
was recognized as a regular Gospel church by a council composed nf delegates from the 
chiu'ches of Almont. Stony Creek, Washington. Ray, October 3, 1847. The church ap- 
plied for admission, and was admitted into the Michigan Baptist Association, July 1, 
1853. Rev. A. E. Mather was called to the pastorate of the chm-ch: J. D. Standish and 
David Green were appointed to locate a site and act as a building committee. August 5. 
1853, J. D. Standish elected Clerk and Treasurer. August 28. Wiley Bancroft and Jarvis 
Green were elected Deacons. September 4. Sunday school organized; A. H. Peck. Super- 
intendent; J. D. Standish, Assistant; C. B. Standish, Librarian. December 16. 1853, 
dedication services were held in the new church; cost of church, $3.00t); cost of parson- 
age, $801): cost of lots, $500; indebtedness at date. $900. June 27, 1857, Rev. C. R. 
Nichols was called to the pastorate of the church. November 27, 1859, Rev. William 
Wilkinson was chosen Pastor. June 7, 1863, Rev. J. C. Baker was chosen Pastor. Au- 
gust 19, 1806, Rev. T. S. Wooden was chosen Pastor. December 14, 1870, Rev. J. E. 
Bitting was chosen Pastor. August 12, 1872, Rev. A. D. Martell was chosen Pastor. 
April 27, 1875, Rev. C. H. Richardson was chosen Pastor. December 11, 1878, Rev. Mr. 
Marshall was engaged as a supply. July 3, 1881, Rev. Mr. Ewell was chosen Pastor, who 
is now in charge of the church. Membei'ship at date, 100. Elisha Calkins. A. J. Sikes 
and the Pastor are Trustees, with A. J. Sikes, Clerk. 

Prote.fiiaiit Episcopal Chwch. — As early as 1834 or 1835, Asahel Bailey and Mr. 
Freeman, with their families, together with other early residents, were active in support 
of Episco|)al worship here. A Rev. Mr. Holland was located here for awhile, but no 
formal organization of a church was effected. Rev. Mr. Lewis preached here for some time. 

LIBBARIES AND MUSEUMS. 

The most certain evidence of culture is a carefully selected library. The love for 
books is still only in its youth. Year after year we see its growth and results. In almost 
every American home in this county, the table or book-case manifests this fact. In the 
villages, private enterprise has gathered important books under its fold. In the law offices 
of Romeo an example is set in this direction well worth following. The book collec- 
tions of D. N. Lowell, I. D. Hanscom and John L. Starkweather form valuable libraries, 
vieiug in variety and extensiveness with the best law libraries of the State. Among the 
antiquarians of Romeo may be named Dr. Andrews, George A. Waterbiuy and Dr. Doug- 
lass. Their collections are valuable. 

S(_)CIETIES. 

The Romeo Chapter. R. A. M.. No. li . was organized in 1857, and chartered January 
14, 1858. E. P. Bentley, John Nichols, R. P. Eldi'idge, Charles Terry. Greenleaf Wad- 
leigh, A. B. Ayres, H. M. Case. George E. Funston and S. B. Allen were the petitioners. 
Funston did not become a member. 

The present officers of Chapter 17 are: A. E. Palmer, H. P.: James Gray, K. ; M. 
C. Hunt, S.; C. F. Newberrv. C. H.; R. W. Titus, P. S.; John McCafferty, R. A. C; S, 
H. Ewell, G. M. Ist V.; R. "S. M. Rittor, 2d V.; William E. McDowell, 3d V.; O. D. 



~|^ 



lU\ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Thompson, Chaplain; Harvey Mel len, Treasurer; James K. McFarlane, Secretary. Among 
the High Priests of the chapter since organization were: Asa B. Ayres, H. M. Case. A. 
E. Palmer, Isaac Crawford. Dwight N. Lowell. 

The Romeo Council was organized under dispensation, March 9, 1860, with R. P. El- 
dredge. T. I. G. M. ; William Corbin. T>. I. G. M.; and D. B. Tracey. P. C. W. The 
petitioners praying for a dispensation were: Abijah E. Palmer, Asa B. Ayres. \V. W. 
Gray, William Mahon, C. C. Lamb, S. A. Fitch and William McDonald. The present 
officers of the council are: Abijah E. Palmer, T. M. ; James Gray, D. M ; C. F. 
Newbury, P C. VV. ; Harvey Mellen, Treasurer; and Dwight N. Lowell, Secretary. 

Romeo Chaj^ier, No. 52, of the Egyptian Masonic Rite, was organized January 22, 
1879, with eighteen members. Calvin E. Burt, of Jackson, M. W., presided. The elec- 
tion of officers resulted as follows: Most Wise, L-ving D. Hanscom: Senior Warden, C. 
R. Greene; Junior Warden, William Gray; Orator, William Greenshields: Prelate, Rev. 
John Kelly; Conductor, C. F. Newbury; Treasm-er, H. Mellen: Secretary, M. I. Brabb; 
C. G., James Gray; G. S., W. S. McDowell. 

The Blue Lodge was chartered Januaiy 9, 1851, with the following officers: Asahel 
Bailey. Brewer Dodge, Trowbridge Benedict. The present officers are: W. C. McDowell, 
AV. M.; R. W. Titus, S. W. : O. D. Thompson, J. W. ; Oel J. Smith, Secretary: Harvey 
Mellen, Treasm-er; Lester Edson, S. D.; and S. M. Bitter, J. D. The W. M.'s of the 
lodge since organization comprised Asahel Bailey, Trowbridge Benedict, Greenleaf Wad- 
leigh. Asa B. Ayres, H M. Case, A. E. Palmer, Isaac Crawford, S. Bellows, I. D. Hans- 
com, Dwight N. Lowell, Milton Thompson and William McDowell. 

The Romeo Com.mandcri/. No. (i. K. T., was organized April 30, 1858. At the first 
regular meeting held iinder the charter, Asa B. A^Tes was elected E. C. : H. M. Case, G. : 
W. P. Beach, C. G.; L. P. Mason, Prelate: R. P. Eldredge. S. W. ; Charles Terry, J. 
W. ; A. P. Brewer, R. and T. ; H. Carter, S. B. ; C. C. Lamb, S. B. and W. From 1858 
to the disbandment of the command, in 1862, Asa B. Ayres continued lirst officer. From 
1862 to 1869, the lodge did not exist. This was due to the fact that almost its entire 
membership was enrolled under the banners of the Union in the wiir for the Union. Four 
years after the war, the commandery was re-organized, under the restored charter, with 
Abijah E. Palmer, E. C. Since that time, the command has been held by Irving D. Hans- 
com, 1870-71; James Harvey, 1871-72; John Ford, 1872-74; and James Gray, 1874-82. 

The present officers are: James Gray, E. C. ; I. D. Hanscom, Generalissimo; C. F. 
Newbury, C. G. ; O. D. Thompson, Prelate; M. I. Brabb, Recorder: Harvey Mellen, 
Treasiu-er; William Gray, Senior Warden; D. N. Lowell, Junior Warden; A. E. Palmer, 
Standard -Bearer; John Green, Sword-Bearer ; William C. McDowell. Warden; James H. 
Boden, Sentinel; John N. Mellen, 1st G. ; John Ford, 2d G. ; George M. Crocker, 3d G. 

The membership niimbers fifty-foiu-. The attendance at the Chicago Conclave in 
1880 comprised M. I. Brabb, I. D. Hanscom, James Gray, William Gray, M. C. Kelly, G. 
W. Robertson, J. F. Ferguson, N. B. Ekhedge and a few others. They accompanied the 
Port Hui'on contingent. 

Romeo Lodge, No. 'JH. I. O. O. F.. was organized March 23, 1847, with Minot T. Lane, 
N. G. ; Philo Tillson, V. G.; jC. F. Mallary, Secretary; Henry Stephens, Permanent Sec- 
retary; Asa B. Ayres, Treasiirer. The members admitted were: Abijah E. Palmer, J. B. 
Chamberlin, S. H. Williams, Ed C. Owen, T. Y. Jennings, Albert E. Leete. John R. 
Sharpsteen. 

The lodge, as then organized, continued in existence iintil January, 1860, when the 
members ceased to meet regularly. In 1878, an effort was made to re-organize, which 
effort was a success January 4. The election of officers resulted as follows: Abijah E. 
Palmer, N. G. ; Ed S. Snover", V. G.; C. F. Mallary, Secretary; Chester Cooley, Treasiirer; 



rRT 



038 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Abijah E. Palmer, Representative to Grand Lodge: M. S. Hadley, D. D. G. M. The 
present officers are: Joseph Ayres, N. G. ; E. M. Bickford, Y. G. ; A. E. Palmer, Secre- 
tary and Permanent Secretary; Chester Cooley, Treasurer. Among the l)est-kaown Presi- 
dents of the lodge were M. T. Lane. Philo Tillson, A. E. Palmer, Joseph Ayres. A. E. 
Leete, C. F. Mallary, Ed S. Snover, Asa B. Ayres. 

K)iiglittt of Honor. — The K. of H. was organized February 5, 1877, by District 
Dejnity R. A. MeCarty, with the following charter members: James Harvey, M. D., R. 
Selfridge. William H. Rolls, C. P. Dake, S. Sib Hopkins. C. G. Conger. J. L. Starkweather, 
B. J. Flumerfelt, I. D. Hanscom, Esq., P. H. McParland. The following were 
elected for it, first term, ending June 30: J. L. Starkweather, Dictator; C. G. Conger, 
Reporter: S. Sib Hopkins, Financial Reporter; James Harvey, M. D., Treasiu'er. Num- 
ber of lodge, 4-48. The second semi-annual election of officers re.sulted as follows: Dic- 
tator. O. D. Thompson, Professor; Reporter, Charles G. Conger; Financial Reporter. S. 
Sib Hopkins; Treasurer, James Harvey, M. D. Third semi- annual election of officers, 
same as last, with the exception of Reporter, J. K. McPharlane being elected Represen- 
tative to the Grand Lodge, J. L. Starkweather, with C. P. Dake, Alternate. 

At the fourth semi-annual election: Dictator, S. S. Hopkins; Reporter, R. F. Self 
ridge; Financial Rejiorter, C. Y. Durand; Treasurer, James Harvey, M. D. Lodge now 
numbered thirty-three members. R. F. Selfridge resigned during this term, and A. S. 
Pool elected Reporter to fill vacancy. 

October 25, 1878, fifth semi-annual election, elected Dictator, S. S. Hopkins; Re- 
porter, A. S. Pool; Financial Reporter, C. Y. Eurand; Treasurer, James Harvey, M. D. ; 
Representative to Grand Lodge, S. S. Hopkins; Alternate, O. D. Thompson, Professor. 
Lodge now numbered thirty- eight members. 

Sixth semi-annual election, elected the following: Dictator, G. W. Spier; Reporter, 
A. S. Pool; Financial Reporter. C. Y. Durand; Treasurer, James Harvey, M. D. 

At about this time, the lodge voted 50 cents per member for the relief of Knights of 
Honor in the South suffering with yellow fevej-. 

Seventh semi-annual election elected as follows: Dictator. O. D. Thompson; Re- 
porter, A. S. Pool; Financial Reporter, C. Y. Durand; Treasui'er, James Harvey. M. D. : 
Representative to Grand Lodge. G. W. Spier, with Alternate, S. S. Hopkins. 

The eighth, ninth and tenth semi-annual meetings resulted in a re-election of old 
officers. R. J. Hosner was elected Representative to Grand Lodge. 

The following officers were elected at the eleventh semi-annual meeting: Dictator, 
James B. Harvey; Reporter. A. S. Pool: Financial Reporter, R. H. Weller; Treasurer, 
James Harvey, M. D. ; Representative to Grand Lodge. R. J. Hosner. with Alternate. J. 
L. Starkweather. The membership at present is thirty-two. Not one death has been 
reported since its organization. 

United Woykmen, Union Lodge, ■'>■'). was organized September 3. 1878, with the fol- 
lowing officers: James Harvey. P. M. W. ; Isaac Douglas, M. "\V.; Levant Bedell, G. T. ; 
T. R. Crawford, Overseer: Thomas Marshall, Recorder; R. B. Owen, Financier; James 
Gray. Receiver; Frank W. Dash, Guide; Charles D. Hunt, J. W. ; P. H. McParland, O. 
W. : H. Vanberger, James B. Harvey and G. B. Loud, Trustees. 

The charter members comprised: James Mulvey, John Trueworthy, James Dickin- 
son, G. H. Bristol, James H. Bodeu, Henry Rawles, John White, William Hamblin, 
Charles C. Bradley, S. S. Hopkins, John Mellen. O.^car Hopkins, Albert Kennedy. D. P. 
Page, J. K. Taylor and B. B. Ketchum. 

Dr. Douglass. L. Bedell and Dr. James Harvey have served as P. M. W.'s of the 
lodge. The officers for term commencing January, 1882, are : F. W. Dash, P. M. W. ; 
E. Vanberger, M. V>.; E. P. Sanford, G. T. ; J. Trueworthv, O. ;• W. A. Taylor, G. ; O. 



riV 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Bentley, Recordei- : R. B. Owen, T. ; J. R. Moreland, Receiver: W. J. Page, I. W. : 
Thomas Weightmau, O. W. : E. Vanberger, Trastee; L. Bedell, R. G. L. 

Royal Arcanum. — R. A. McCarty completed the organization of a Council of Royal 
Arcanum at Romeo July, 1878. The following officers were elected : 

Past Regent, J. L. Starkweather; Regent, John Ford; Vice Regent, J. Newman; 
Orator, Irving D. Hanscom; Secretary, C. Y. Durand; Collector, T. D. Coe; Treasurer, S. 
A. Reade; Guide, L. Bedell; Chaplain. R. F. Selfridge; Warden. Ira F. Pratt: Sentry, 
Dr. William Greenshields; Trustees, Dr. William Greenshields. L. Bedell. R. J. Hosner. 

The officers elected for 1879 were: Past Regent, John Ford; Regent. Joseph New- 
man; Vice Regent, Aratus S. Pool; Orator, C. H. Richardson; Chaplain, Geoi-ge B. Loud; 
Secretary, C. Y. Durand; Collector, T. D. Coe; Treasurer, S. A. Reade; Guide, R. J. 
Hosner; Wardon, G. G. Hartuug; Sentinel, James Mulvey; Representative to Grand 
Lodge, John L Starkweather. 

The present officers of the Romeo Literary Society: I. D. Hanscom, President; O. 
D. Thompson, S. R. Dunlap and William A. Frazer, Vice Presidents; Frank N. White, 
Secretarv; Charles M. Tackles, Assistant Secretary; Edwin Starkweather, Treasui'er — 
November 25, 1881. 

Among the other societies of Romeo, the Literary Club, the Chautauqua, the Women's 
Christian Temperance Union, and the Grange, hold a high place. The religious societies 
in connection with the various churches are ably conducted. 

THE ROMEO CAERIAGE COMPANY. 

In the spriQg of 1865, the Peninsvilar Carriage and Wagon Mauufactory was estab- 
lished by .John A. and Beujainin B. Ketcham. Their business gradually extended from 
a small beginning to pi'oportions which secured for it an unequaled reputation throughout 
Michigan and the West. The proprietors conducted their business connections in the 
strictest integrity, and when the linancial stringency of 1872 and the five following years 
engulfed and crippled all business interests, they withstood the shock, but finally, in 
1878, being unable to make collections, they succumbed. It was a disastrous day for 
Romeo and the seventy-five employes thrown out of work. The contingency was one that 
appealed strongly to the public spirit of the citizens of Romeo, and the Romeo Carriage 
Company was organized, its members including M. I. Brabb, John N. Mellen, H. 
C. Gray, James Gray and Benjamin B. Ketcham. Since the interests of the concern have 
been managed by these gentlemen, its repute has widened, until it ranks fairly with the 
best similar institutions of the United States. None but skilled workmen are einployed, and 
only first-class work is placed before the public. The works have a capacity for turning 
out 2.000 vehicles per annum, and the yearly orders call for the manufactixre of twelve to 
fifteen huudi'ed c:uTiages, of nearly every known pattern and description, including all 
kinds of buggies and carriages, phaetons (two and three spring), side bars, elliptic and 
Concord springs, and everything thai the trade demands. The factory is in the village 
of Romeo, and comprises three large two-story brick buildings, besides warehouses, shops, 
and all needed accessor*- structures. The company repi'esent a large amount of capital, 
and can carry the business to any e.xtent. The field of patronage includes the entire West, 
extending to California. 

ROMEO MINERAL WELL. 

A few of the citizens of Romeo inaugurated a subscription paper for the purpose of 
raising a fund to defi-ay the expense of boring a well. The sum so obtained was to be 
held until $5,000 was subscribed. On October 2, 1880. the sum named was subscribed, 
when a meeting of thos" who contributed to the stock was called. It was determined to 
appoint a committee, with full power to act in regard to contract, to collect money and 



^-. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



complete the work connected with the jiroposed mineral well. The members of the com- 
mittee were Ed S. Snover, Marvel I. Brabb and Dwight N. Lowell. 

This committee contracted with Matthew Porter to bore a well, beginning the work 
April 1, IbSl, and proceed with the work expeditiouBly. The consideration was $2 per 
foot for l.fiOO feet, Porter to furnish cast-ii'on casing and boring machinery. The com- 
mittee retained the privilege of stopping the work at any point, but bound the subscribers 
to pay for 900 feet at least. The pump rod, pumja and land were to be purchased by this 
committee. Porter finished the well to a depth of 1,545 feet December 12, 1881, when 
the committee accepted the work and jiaid him $3,(IU(I. The pump and tubing were pur- 
chased by Porter for the committee. 

The lot was purchased in March, 1881. from J. S. Flummerfelt. the condition being 
that, if the well was not satisfactory, the contract should be declared null and void. Re- 
cently, the sum of $500 wa.s paid, and a deed given to the committee for the lots. 

The stockholders or promoters of this well are Henry Stephens, who subscribed |500; 
John AV. Mellen, A. B Maynard. A. A. Briggs and Newbury Bros.. $150 each; Harvey 
Mellen, Thomas D. Coe, James Gray, J. L. Benjamin and N. Larzelier, .f 100 each. The 
following citizens subscribed $125 each: D. H. Rowlov, M. A. Giddings. M. I. Brabb, 
S. A. Reade, Ed S. Snover, N. W. Gray, E. W. Giddings.' P. C. Killam, Amos Palmer and 
Elisha Calkins, John H. Brabb. J. S. Flummerfelt & Son, A. J. Sykes. A. B. Ayer, Alden 
Giddings, John Smith, Jr. The following-named citizens took two shares each, of $25 each 
share: Wellington Jersey, I. R. Moreland. Albert Kennedy, H. C Gray, M. Kelley, Ira F. 
Pratt, Eber J. Dudley, James Harvey, S. O. Giddings, I. D. Hanscom, W. R. Owen, John W. 
Dyar, Isaac Douglass. The under-named citizens subscribed $1)50. representing thirty- 
eight shares of $25 each: R. B. Owen. Charles Stranahan, R. W. Coykendall, Henry 
Rawles. John Dawson. Isaac N. Owen. Frank Culver. Amos O. Crissman, C. F. Mallary. 
W. H. Tiusman. Edwin Starkweather, Neil G. Reid, James Kell, Hai'vey Eldi-ed. Charles 
N. Coe, F. V. Tedmon, James Burlison. James B. Lucas, S. H. Ewell, Joseph Newman, 
Al)ijah E. Palmer, C. Y. Durand. J. L. Starkweather. Charles Fillmore. James Ayi-es, D. 
N. Lowell, Ben Cuyler, Oscar Hopkins. William Greenshields, J. B. Fares, R. J. Hosner, 
M. S. Hadley. G. A. Waterberry. Cornelius Virgil, John Ford, G. W. Brabb, Nathan H. 
Lee, H. H. Bradley. A reference is made to this enterprise at close of chronological 
chapter. 

The record of boring and original analysis of water are referred to in the geological 
chapter. The following is a description of the casing, tubing, etc. : 

The five and a half inch casing extends to the depth of 170 feet, driven through 
sand and gravel. At the depth of 123 feet inside the five and a half inch casing begins an- 
other string of casing, extending down to 200 feet and resting on a shoulder in the rock. 
A third string of four-inch casing beginning at the surface and extends to the depth of 1,100 
feet, supported by a ring on the outside of the casing, and resting upon the upper end of 
the four and a half inch casing, which is belled at the upper end. Inside of the four- 
inch casing is the pump tubing, extending down to the depth of 1.420 feet and resting on 
a shoulder rif the rock. Inside the pump tubing is the pump rod, a three-fourth inch gas 
pipe extending to the depth at which the pump is set. The rock hole is four and one-half 
inches in diameter to the depth of 1,420 feet, and three and a half to the depth of 1.- 
545 feet from the 1.420 feet level. The building now in use is simply the derrick-shaped 
pumping house, known so well in the salt and oil well districts. 

hosner's iron foundry. 
The iron foundiy now controlled by Riley J. Hosner holds an important place among 
the industries of the county. The work is first-class in every particular. 



-a)[V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



KENNEDY SASH AND BLIND FACTORY. 

The f'lunder of this factory was George H. Hohiian, who built it in 1844, at the north 
end of the villacre, in the rear of the house he occupied as a dwelling. He afterward sold 
an interest in the factory to Charles C. Farrar, and in 1858 these gentlemen moved the 
building to the center of the village, on the corner of Rawles and La Fayette streets, hav- 
ing bought an iron works and foundry known as the Sibbets property, and ran their fac 
tcry in connection with it. In 1805, the business passed into the hands of Albert Ken- 
nedy and Joseph Weller, who continued to run the business that was so well established. 
In 1868, the factory was destroyed by tire, the gentlemen meeting with a loss of 110,000, 
and in ninety days they had a new building erected so as to begin operations again. The 
work was pushed ahead, and soon had everything in better order than it was before. New 
machinery, with all the latest improvements, were put into the building, and was able to 
increase their capacity of doing business. The building is in the shape of an L, the 
south wing. 20x71, and the west wing, 22x50 feet, two stories high. The boiler and 
engine room is 20x40 feet, besides an office and outsheds. On the same block is an iron- 
shop 24x76 feet, and the whole machinery is run by a twenty-five horse-power engine. 
The stock of lumber on hand generally averages from $2,000 to $3,000, and the cost of 
the building and outfit is $15,0OO, which furnishes employment for eight to fifteen men. 
The partnership with Mi-. Weller closed in 1871, when his interest was purchased by 
Samuel Wayeott, who continued in the business until the spring of ISSO. Mr. Kennedy 
then purchased his interest, and has since been the sole owner and manager of the fac- 
tory. 

Alexander A. Briggs, proprietor of tie American House, Romeo, Macomb Co., Mich., 
was born November 27. 1841, in Colchester, Canada "West. On November 13, 1878. he pur- 
chased the American Hotel, with which he has since been connected. In the summer of 
1881, an addition was built of brick, three stories in height, with basement, 100 feet 
long by 40 in width. It is lighted with gas, heated by steam throughout, and is fitted 
with all the modem improvements of first-class hotels. The first floor includes kitchen, 
dining room, private, bath, billiard and sample rooms, parlor and office; on the second 
floor are twenty-one handsomely furnished sleeping rooms; on the third floor are also 
twenty-five well-fitted rooms. The house is admirabh" situated for the accommodation of 
summer boarders, and forms, with the natural attractions of Romeo, a most desirable re- 
sort for the class who seek rest and recreation in country retreats. As a landlord. Mr. 
Briggs is deservedly popular in Romeo and with the traveling public. 

The Commercial House was built by Jacob Skillman for a livery stable about 1855. 
A few years latei'. it was opened as the Peninsular House. Skillman disposed of his in- 
terest in the hotel to Norman Perry, Jr., who in tm-n sold his interest to P. C. Killam in 
1877. The latter rebuilt the hotel in 1880. The house has been conducted by the Jarvis 
Brothers, next by Miles Bigsby, next by William H. Van Inwagen, who opened it November 
20, 1879, and is now conducted by the present lessees. The hotel is well managed, and 
may be classed among the most comfortable hostelries of the State. 

PERSONAL HISTORY. 

Much has been already written on the settlement and progress of Romeo. This vil- 
lage of sixty-one summers, still in its youth, claims an interesting and instructive history 
— one which would form a large volume in itself. To deal with it minutely was found to 
be impracticable; yet. to do justice to its story, the best citizens have been asked to aid 
the general historian, to which request they acceded cheerfully. Early in December, 1881, 
W. M. Bucklin entered on the labor of collecting the personal history of the village; to- 
ward the close of February, 1882, his work was taken up by Mr. H. O. Brown, who com- 



' •<*' a 



^^ 



HLSTOUY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



pleted the collecfcion of biogi"aj)hical matter there March 2, 1882. His sketches were all 
rewritten, again reviewed by the writer of the general history, and in many instances 
submitted to the per.son whom they concerned. In this manner we believe we have suc- 
ceeded in compiling a sketch of Romeo and her peojjle which is destined to give satisfac- 
tion. 

W. F. ABBOTT was born July m, lSl:i at Haverhill, N. H. : is son of William and 
Patience (Burbank) Abbott. His father was a native of the same place, and came to Oak- 
land County with his family in May. 1827, where they remained until March, 1828. when 
they took possession of the homestead of ninety-six acres in Washington, contiguous to the 
eastern limit of Romeo. The senior Abbott died January 1, 18()2; his wife, June 11, 
1829; t!ie former aged seventy-three, the latter forty-two years. Mr. Abbott, of this 
sketch, left home at the age of eighteen and began his struggle with the "wide world." 
He found employ as a farm hand, etc.. and, in the spring of 18:^8, he returned to the 
homestead, which he has managed since, with the exception of one year, when he rented 
the farm. He cast his first Presidential vote for Martin Van Bm-en. In 1840, he became 
a tariff man, and voted for Harrison. He act-vd with the Whigs until the merging of the 
factious into the Republican party, with whom he has since been identified. He has been 
elected to some minor township positions, but preferred the quiet of a jirivate career. He 
was married, June 1, 1845, at Romeo, to Julia A., daughter of Brewer Dodge, who settled 
in this county in the spring of 1838. They have two children — Franklin S. . man-ied 
Emma Abbott, a distant connection, now editing the Wyandotte Hfrahl : and Julia A., 
wife of Irving D. Hanscom, Acting Prosecuting Attorney of Macomb County. Mr. Abbott 
iinited with the Congregational Church of Romeo in 1838, and is a highly respected mem- 
ber of the communitv. He has been a sufierer from paralysis since the spring of 
1879. 

FRANKLIN ARNOLD, }'oungest son of Edward and Martha Arnold, was born in 
Washington, Macomb County, March 20, 1830. He was educated while at home, and 
spent his early life on his father's farm. He was maiTied, in October, 184:8, to Sarah Par- 
dee, of Kalamazoo County, a native of New York State, born April 18, 1831. She died 
September 20, 1873. Mr. and Mrs. Arnold had eight children, seven of whom are now 
living -Amanda M., born September 2, 1849, now Mi-s. George Dibble, of Bull Citj', Os- 
borne Co., Kan.; Hannah L., born April 15. 1852. now Mrs. William Covu't, near Romeo, 
Macomb Co., Mich.; Martha A., born November 25, 1855, now Mrs. William H. Fowels, 
Terry Station, Bay Co.. Mich.; George F. . December 23. 1859, died when seventeen days 
old; Evaline, May 10, 1861, now Mrs. W. H. Hovey, Warsaw, Wyoming Co., N. Y. ; Ed- 
ward D., boru February 17, 1864; Everette R., born August 28. 1869; and Sarah A., born 
August 4, 1873. Mr. Arnold was again married, September 22. 1N74, to Mi's. Sarah A. 
Smith. They have one child, F. Beecher, born January 25, 1876. Mrs. Ai-nold was born 
at Holton, Warren Co., N. J., October 9, 1835. She was married. May 1, 1855, to George 
Stai-kweather, and had one daughter, Almeda S., born April 13, 185(5. She resides with 
her mother. Mr. Arnold lived on his father's farm for about fifty years, and, in the spring 
of ISSO. although he still managed the farm, he came to Romeo. Their fine residence on 
South Main street was built in the fall of 1N79. He has always been a Democrat, and has 
belonged to the Masonic fraternity since 1S62. Edward Arnold, deceased, was boi'n in 
1790, in Eastern New York, and was the son of William Arnold, of English descent. He 
was married, in Moni-oe County, to Mrs. Martha Woodman, and in 1823 came to Macomb 
County, Mich., and patented 24(* acres of land from James Monroe, situated on the south- 
east quarter of Section 15. Mr. and Mrs. Arnold were the parents of five children. The 
first town meeting of the township of Washington was held in 1827, in a log schoolhouse 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



on tlie south end of his farm. He was a Democrat. Mrs. Arnold had one son by her first 
marriage. He settled in Ray, one mile west of Brooklyn, where he died. Horace Aimold, 
the oldest son, resides at Decatm-, Van Bnren (^ouaty. George, second son, died in Wash- 
ington, aged twelve years; Rebecca, third ';hild, died on the homestead, aged eighteen 
years. Mr. Arnold died in 1S()5. Mrs. Arnold died in ISoH. 

SETH L. ANDREWS, M. D., is a native of Putney. Vt, born June 24, 1809. His 
father. Rev. Elisha D. Andrews, was born in Southington, Conn., and, after fitting for the 
ministry, was settled as Pastor of the Congregational Church in Putney, Vt., for more 
than twenty years; resided a few years in Central New York, and ultimately came with his 
family to Michigan; in 1S4(), located a central section in Ai-mada, and organized a church. 
He preached occasionally during the remainder of his life, which terminated in January, 
1.S52, at Ai-mada. His wife, Betsy Lathrop Andrews, died there in 18(i(). aged seventy-two 
years. Dr. Andrews received his elementary education in his native place, and in 182S, 
matriculated at Dartmouth College. Hanover, N. H., from which he graduated in 1881. 
He went to reside at Pittsford. N. Y., and commenced to study for his profession, attend- 
ing lectures at Fairfield Medical College: took his degree from that instittition in the 
spring of 188(5, and at once entered upon practice at Lancaster, N. Y., where he continued 
but a short time, and, in the winter of lS85-8(), attended medical lectures at Philadel- 
phia. In 188<), he was married to Parnelly, daughter of Simeron Pierce, of Woodbury, 
Conn. December 14 of the same year, he sailed for the Sandwich Islands as a missionary 
of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. He resided twelve years 
at Kailua. Hawaii, where his wife died September 21), 184l>. He also buried there three 
children, and retui-ued to the United States in 1S4S, bringing with him his son, George 
P. Andi-ews, now a physician of Detroit Dr. Andrews attended a course of medical lec- 
tures in New York, and in 1852, married Miss Amelia T. Dike. Januaiy 12, 1858, he lo- 
cated at Romeo, Mich., and has been actively engaged in the practice of his profession 
until the past few years. He has, on account of his years, somewhat reduced his business. 
His adopted daughter. Carrie E., married John H. Potter, of Delaware, Ohio. George 
P. Andrews, of Detroit, married Sarah G., daughter of John W. Dyar, a pioneer of Ma- 
comb. Dr. Andrews has a tine museum of natural history, a large proportion of which 
was collected on the Sandwich Islands. 

ALVAN B. AYER was born in York County. State (jf Maine, December IS. 1809. 
He was the son of Aaron and Ruth Merrill .Iyer, who were both natives of Elaine, and of 
English origin. His father died at the age of thirty-seven years, and his mother at the 
age of eighty. He was reared in the State of Maine; followed the business of a carpenter 
in early life'; subsequently engaged in lumbering in the eastern part of Maine ; was mar- 
ried, in Massachusetts, in 1885, to Martha Lyon, born in Vermont August 17. ISIO. She 
was the daughter of Amos and Abigail Greenwood Lyon, both of English origin. They 
have had four chikU-en, named as follows: Sarah F., who died in 1S()0: Lucy M.. wife of 
Adrian D. Taylor, of Bruce: Charles M. ; and AbbieL., wife of Daniel McCoy. Mr. Ayer 
came to Michigan in 1852 and engaged in lumbering, managing ihe business in the woods, 
and became part owner of a mill in Detroit. At the age of sixty-eight, he retired from 
active business. He cast his lu-st Presidential vote for Gen. Andi-ew Jackson, but joined 
the Republicans when that party was organized. He has been connected with the First 
and Citizens' National Banks in the village of Romeo since their organization. 

JOSEPH AYRES was born in Dover, Morris Co., N. Y.. November 18, 1812. He is 
the second son of William Ayres and Abigail Lewis, natives of New Jersey. Mr. Ayres 
grew to manhood in his native State. He learned the boot and shoe trade in Orange, 
Essex Co., N. Y., receiving but a limited education. At the age of twenty-one, he en- 
gaged in the boot and shoe business in the city of New York. Six yeai's after, he removed 



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^1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



to Michigan, locating in the valley of Romeo, Macomb County, leaving his native State, 
New York, on the 17th of June, 1841, and arriving in Romeo July 17, after a month's 
travel. In the fall of the year 1841, he engaged in the boot and shoe business at Romeo. 
A few years later, he combined harness-making with his other business. In 1S45, he 
added a small farm, located near the village, which ho has managed in connection with 
his business in the village. He has been prosperous the most of the time, but, owing to 
a disposition to assist friends, has met with serious losses that have crippled him much. 
He has always been ready to lend his aid to every movement that was calculated to elevate 
society in the church and outsid^) of it. He was engaged a few years, in company with 
other parties, as an iron manufacturer; conducted a fm'nace and made castings of all 
kinds. He was " Free-Soil "' in political principles when he came to Michigan, and has 
been identified with the Republicans since the organization of the pai'ty. He has served 
his generation as Sujiervisor in the aggregate twenty-live years; has also been Village As 
sessor and member of the corporation. He was married, in New Jersey, to Elizabeth 
Thompson, a native of Morris County, who died August '28, 1845, and left two children, 
both of whom are dead. September IS. 185(*, he was again married, to Miss Elizabeth 
H. Sutton, of Sussex County. N. J. They have two children living at Detroit — Josephs., 
practicing law, and Augusta, wife of P. A. Billings. In 1S56, when the business portion 
of the village was nearly destroyed by tii-e, Mr. Ayres suffered the loss of a double frame 
three-story building. The brick structure now occupied by him was erected by Sutton & 
Ayres in 18(57. 

WILLIAM T. BADGER was born at Albui-gh. Grand Isle Co.,, Vt.. June VI, \H2:i. 
His parents, James and Eleanor (Manning) Badger, were natives of the same place. His 
father died in 181)1; his mother is now living in Vermont, where he was brought up. In 
1850, he went to Norwalk. Ohio, where he remained a year, and came to Romeo in 1851. 
He learned the business of painter, which he has made the vocation of his life. He has 
seen Romeo grow fi'om its wild state to its present prosperity. Mr. Badger was married 
to Asenath Hill, a native of Vermont. She died at Romeo. They became the parents of 
five children, foiu' of whom are living and married. The eldest son. Willard, died; the 
second, William Anson, I'esides at Detroit; Sanford is in the boot and shoe business with 
J. L. Benjamin; Sarah Jane and Georgiana live at Romeo. Mr. Badger was married 
again, to Mrs. Sophia McKinsey, a native of Scotland, where she was reared. Mi\ Badger 
cast his first Presidential vote for James Buchanan, and has always been a Democrat. 

ASAHEL BAILEY was born January 29, 1789, in Haddam. Conn. He was the son of 
Stephen and Lydia Freeman Bailey. His grandparents were Stephen and Eunice Crooks Bai- 
ley, the latter of Scotch origin. Stephen was the name of four paternal ancestors in a direct 
line. The family came from England. Mr. Bailey had three sisters and two brothers. His 
parents were Presbyterians in early life, but became communicants in the Protestant Episco- 
pal Church. Mr. Bailey was a churchman, and studied with Rev. Alanson W^elton, with the 
intention of applying for holy orders; but his health failed from a life of inactivity, and 
he engaged in manufacturing, teaching at intervals, and later became a farmer. He mar- 
ried his cousin, Cynthia Freeman, at Richmond, N. Y., in 1819, Elder Wright, a Method- 
ist Episcopal preacher, officiating. Mrs. Bailey was the daughter of Joseph and Sylvia 
Newman Freeman, and was Welsh by maternal descent. The Freemans came from En- 
gland to Caj)e Coil, and thence to Chatham, Conn. The parents of Joseph were Moses 
and Susan Brooks Freeman. His father was a sea captain; was lost with his vessel and 
crew when his soq was a child. The only trace of the wreck was a blanket marked with 
his name. Mrs. Bailey was born in Berkshire, Vt., September IS. 1798. Her parents 
were ^Methodists. She was a member of the Episcopal Church. Mi*, and Mrs. Bailey 
came from Richmond, N. Y., in 1821, to the Territory of Michigan. They crossed Lake 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Erie in the Walk-in-the-Water, the first steamer on the lake. They reached Detroit Sep- 
tember 14, and started from there in a small boat, intending to reach Mt. Clemens, then a 
small French settlement, that day, bnt their boat sprang a leak, and, after vain efforts to 
bail out the water, they calked the boat with their handkerchiefs. They lost so much time 
that all hope of reaching their destination died out. The sun was low when they discov- 
ered a log house in the woods and landed. They met with faint welcome from the French 
settlers, who had but slight knowledge of English. The man of the house was absent, 
and the woman refused to prepare them supper, saying: ■" Cook you own vit for you own 
peep,'" and no offer of money could change the decision. In the morning, Mr. Bailey 
tried in vain to induce the man to carry his wife, sister and baggage four miles to Mt. 
Clemens. While deliberating. Judge Clemens rode up. Mr. Bailey had become ac- 
quainted with him during prospecting the previous spring. He directed Latisau, the 
Frenchman, to accept the offered reward for the required service, and sent the party to his 
house, and they set out in an ox-cart, the proprietor running beside his team, which he 
ui-ged into a run. It was a fearful joiu-ney, and one of great fatigue, but they remained 
at Judge Clemens' until they were well rested, when they procured horses and a wagon 
and set out for their final destination. They had to make a road many times, and there 
was one of the worst of Michigan mud-holes on the route. When near it, they met Mayor 
Cook, of Detroit. He was on horseback, and rode back to see them through it in safety. 
He insisted on adding his horse to their team, though Mr. Bailey feared that the beast 
would lie down. As they made the venture, Mr. Cook shouted, '' Lick them, Bailey! lick 
them! " and Mr. Bailey obeyed the high authority, and the horse lay down and rolled over: 
but they finally made their way through, and reached Town 4, now A^'ashington, in safety, 
where a few persons had already settled, and they remained until January, 1822. Jere- 
miah Allen had made some improvements in Town 5, now Bruce, and, becoming discoui-- 
aged. was anxious to dispose of his acquisitions- — an ivutinished log house and an unstoned 
well. Mr. Bailey offered him iSoO in boots and shoes, which was gladly accepted. Mr. 
Bailey completed the building, and, in January, 1822, took possession, with his wife and 
their new daughter, born December 1 'J, 1821, of their new home in Indian Village, then the 
only dwelling in what is now Romeo. The Hoxies came eleven mouths later. Mr. Bail- 
ey's house was the home of all travelers, without compensation, as he was so desirous of 
promoting the growth of Indian Village. He and his family became fast fi-iends with the 
Indians, who trusted "Asa Billy" implicitly, ili'. Bailey went twice a year to Detroit 
for letters, paying 25 cents postage on each, and Pontiac was the nearest milling place. 
They exchanged equal measure of supplies with the Indians for blackberries, whortleber- 
ries and cranberries, which were abundant, and, as soon as practicable, a place was pre- 
pared for an apple orchard. Sickness had attacked the family, and Mr. Bailey, hardly 
able to ride, drove his ox team to Mt. Clemens, procm-ed apple trees at 25 cents each, small 
and closely trimmed by sheep, but gladly acquired, and he and his wife set them out in 
the rain, jn what is now the north side of East St. Clair street. Afterward, they set out 
another orchard on the west side of Main street. Mi-. Bailey sm-veyed the first public roads 
in Macomb County, i-unning to Mt. Clemens and St. Clair. He was paid in county orders, 
good only for tax-paying. In 1S:i2, the village of Romeo was surveyed by John B. Hol- 
lister, and platted by Mr. Bailey and N. T. Taylor. When the (pxestion of building a 
meeting-house came before the community, Mr. Bailey gave the Congregational society a 
suitable site, and on it have been built their houses of worship. The first schoolhouse was 
built on-land given by Mr. Bailey, and it is the present location of the North Primary 
Grade of the Union School. He was one of the first School Inspectors of the township of 
Bruce. In Februaiy, 18:^7, Mi-. Bailey sold his farm in Romeo and bought a tract of new 
land, which he called Goshen, and is now Berlin Township, but the parties failed in their 



^1 



k. 



agreement, and. much to the satisfaction of the family, they returned to their old home 
at the end of three months. Mr. Bailey obtained the lumber for his first frame house by 
long and repeated journeys to tlie north woods, with his oxen, for logs. It was finished 
in the fall of ISSri. Their third dwelling, at the south end of the village, was completed 
in 185iS, and occupied by the family January 1, 1S59. It is now the residence of the 
daughters who survive. Mr. and ilrs. Bailey had seven children — Prudence Cynthia, 
Maria Matilda, Stephen, Lois Curtis, Newman, Lydia and Phebe Jane. Newman died 
in infancy: Prudence died April 17, 1S7'2; Stephen maiTied Isabella Harriet Davis, of 
Jamestown, N. Y., at Strawberry Point. Clayton Co., Iowa, December HI, 1^56. He was 
engaged in fanning for a time in Iowa, and afterward in mercantile business, and, in 
Mai'ch, liS(U(, went to Pike's Peak, returning in December following to Romeo. They had 
two children — Edith Maud and Clai-a Marinda. The latter died March 11, 18S1. Mrs. 
Isabella Bailey died April IB, lySl. Mr. A. Bailey died at Romeo January 27, 1862, and 
was biiried on his birthday, Januaiy 29. Mrs. Bailey smvived her husband more than 
nineteen years. H(>r death occurred Ji;ly 4, 1881. 

CHAUNCEY B.4.ILEY was born February 28. I7U7, in Connecticut; was the son of 
Edward Bailey and the grandson of Stephen and Eunice Crooks Bailey. His mother died 
when he was young, and the childi'eu, ('hauncey, Eliphalet and Harriet, were separated. 
Chauncey was married to Amanda Freeman, sister of Mrs. Asahel Bailey, December 25, 
182(1, at Richmond, N. Y. She was born March 18, 1808, at Berkshire, Vt. : was a mem- 
ber of the M. E. Church. They accompanied the Baileys to Michigan in 1821. nnd lived 
some time with them, and later located about one mile north and west of the Indian Vil- 
lage. Their daiighter was born February 27, 1822, in the tii'st dwelling in Bruce: was the 
first white child born in that township. Mi-. Bailey sold his first location and took Tip 
land farther east, near the location of the Farrar saw-mill. After several changes, they 
removed to Iowa, and afterward to Fairmont, Martin Co., Minn., where Mi-. Bailey died 
in February, 1880. Mrs. Bailey is still living. They had five childi-en, tiiree of whom 
sm'vive. 

JOHN L. BENJAMIN was born December 8, 1827, in the State of New York. Sara- 
toga County, son of Seth and Sarah Watkins Benjamin, of same place; came to Michigan 
in J\ine, 1831, and to Romeo in December, 1S48; commenced in the gi'ocery trade June, 
1849: was married to Jane A. Lufkin, of Mt. Clemens, December IB, 1850. They had a 
family of nine children- -Arthur H., born April 7, 1852; Florence A., born September IB, 
lN5;idied January 24, 187(); Varnum L., born May >i. 1855, died May 20, 1872: Jenney 
L. . born August 10, 1858. died December 18, 18(58; Frank C. born June N. lSfi7; J. L., 
born September 2B, 1869; Ira H,, born July 22, 1871; Monta, born August 17, 1872, died 
September 21, 1872; Emley S., born January 24, 187(5. John L. Benjamin moved 
one mile south of Romeo in April, 1875, and there made for himself, family and friends, 
a lasting monument in the way of fish ponds and other improvements. He has always 
been a trxie friend to the poor and all laboring classes, a true Union Democrat of the old 
Jackson stamp: never took much stock in priests or their selfish schemes to get a fat liv- 
ing out of others' hai'd earnings. He believes in but one God of love and justice, from 
whom all good comes. He believes by his true record he must stand or fall. A God of just- 
ice demands that we must suffer for all laws broken, natural or spiritual, here and here- 
after. He is a true believer in a future, and that man never dies, and so let it be recorded. 

JESSE BISHOP was born May 24, 1S08, at Pittstown. now Richmoud,^ Ontario 
Co.. N. Y. He is the son of Isaac and Lucinda Short Bishop. The former was born in 
Blandford, Conn. ; the latter was a native of Massachusetts. His father was a farmer, and 
pursued that vocation all his life. He died Sejttember 9. 1S58, at Canada, Ontario Co., 
N. Y. His mother died January 4, 1859, in Portage, Livingston Co.. N. Y. Mr. Bishop, 



"SrV 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



of this sketcli. lived on bis father's farm in Ontario County until he was nineteen yeai's 
old, wHen he set out to make his own way in life. September 4. 1S"25. he was married to 
Abigail Fox, a native of Ontario County, N. Y. He bought a small place near his father 
and went to work as a carpenter, where he remained tmtil he came to Michigan. June 
7. ISril, he left Ontario County for the West by wagon to Pittsford, thence by canal to 
Buflalo, where he took passage on the Henry Clay for Detroit. Fi-om there he went by 
wagon, following the trail to Troy, Oakland County, arriving June 14. June 18, he 
bought 1()0 acres of land in Bruce. It was in its primeval condition, and Mr. Bishop 
invaded the wilderness with his eS'ective as. cut down trees, cleared the land and built a 
house. In 1852, he sold the place and bought a small one three miles northeast of Romeo, 
where he remained until his wife's death, July 9, lHi\2. She left nine childi-en. three of 
whom are dead. On the death of his wife, he sold his place and returned to New York on 
a visit. He was married at Dansville, November 15, 1865, to Rhoda F. Southwick, of 
Richmond, Ontario Co., N. Y'^. He bought a grist-mill, in company with his brother, in 
Argentine. Genesee Co.. Mich., which he operated a year and then sold out. He bought 
his present property, corner of Bailey and Lafayette streets. Romeo, where his second 
wife died November '21. 18fi9. He was married. May 24. 1870, to Susan H. Webster, a 
native of Ray, Macomb County. Her father, Mai. Webster, is an old pioneer of that 
town. Mr. Bishop cast his fii-st vote in New Y'ork for Andi-ew Jackson, but was a Whig, 
and remained in the Whig party until the organization of the Republican [larty. Mr. 
Bishop was a radical temperance man, which, in those days, was a much more venture- 
some matter than now. Such an event as a raising without whisky was one to arrest and 
hold in abeyance nearly every consideration, exclusive of one of life and death, and Mr. 
Bishop believed that it could be done, and in 1882, he engineered such an enterprise on 
the farm of W. F. Abbott, just east of the village. The general invitation there was re- 
sponded to, even though the conditions were understood, and the thing'was accomplished. 
Mr. Bishop is in his seventy-ninth year, in good general health, though obliged to walk 
with a cane on account of an injiu-y received by a fall October 2, 1871t. 

JOHN H. BRABB, son of Isaac and Hannah Hudson Brabb, was born in Yorkshire, 
England, November 5, 1820: his jjarents came to America when ten years old, making the 
route via Quebec to Detroit, where they remained for a few weeks and then settled in 
Oakland County, on the old Sheldon farm, near Rochester. They made the joiu-ney be- 
fore there was any direct highway to that point, via what was called the old Crook road. 
The wolves gave nightly expressions of their opinions upon the invasion of the intruders, 
and necessitated extra precautions for the protection of calves and pigs. Dm'iug their 
residence there, Govs. Cass, Porter and Mason were entertained at the hospitable pioneer 
home. Fom' years later, in l'S84, they settled in Washington Township, on a farm which 
is still retained in the family. Mr. Brabb was married, November 12, 184H, to Sarah A., 
daughter of Marvil Shaw, an early pioneer of the county, and soon after this event set- 
tled upon a farm in Bruce, where he remained for fourteen years, which resulted in his 
being the o\vner of several fanns in the neighborhood. In 1857, he came to Romeo, and 
for eight years handled gi'ain, wool, pork and other i:>i-oduce with reasonable success, dis- 
continuing about the close of the war. He has been Dii-ector of the First National Bank 
for the past twelve years and has officiated as its Vice President for six years. He is Di- 
rector in the Detroit Union Iron Company, and is one of the heaviest financial operators 
in this section. His only son, M. I. Brabb. is also a Director in the First National Bank 
and negotiates loans extensively. Mi*. B. is a Democrat, with much iiitiuence in political 
circles. His integrity in his business transactions has insured him a well-deserved popu- 
larity in the commercial communitv. 

COLLINS BRADLEY was born Januarv 19. INOS, in Bennin.rton Coimtv. Yt. He 



sff 



^ 



648 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



is the son of Ethan Allen and Ghristiany Wood Bradley; his paternal grandfather, Lem- 
uel Bradley, was born in llytO, and was a Captain in the Federal army and fought in the 
battle of Bennington, Vt. ; he died in 1800. Ethan Allen Bradley was born in 1774; 
lived in Vermont and served several terms in the Legislature of that State, dying 
in IN-tS. Mr. Bradley of this sketch lived in his native county until the age of twenty, 
when he went to Auburn, N. Y., where he remained for eight years; five years of this 
time, from 1882 to 1886, he was engaged in the importing and mauufactiu'ing house of 
P. Hayden & Co., and, from 1886 to 1888, with the Hon. W. H. Seward, as cashier and 
general book-keeper in the land office, located at Westtield, Chautauqua Co.. N. Y.; from 
1888 to 1840, he was employed in the same business with P. Hayden & Co., at Columbus, 
Ohio: in 1840, he opened a branch house in Detroit. Mich., as a partner with P. Hayden 
& Co; in 1846, he came to Macomb County and located a farm, partly in Bruce and 
partly in Washington, where he lived for twenty-seven years. During his stay at Detroit 
and on the farm, he entertained Mi'. Seward as his guest on two occasions. Mr. Seward 
spent one night at his house while he was United States Senator. Mr. B. was married, in 
1886, at Auburn, N. Y., to Julieite E. White, who was born January 11, 1811, at Canaan, 
Conn.; they had live childi-en — Helen, born in 1887, lived two years and died, lS8'.t, at 
Columbus, Ohio; Henry W. was born 1889, and Charles C. in l840; Alice M., in 1846, 
and Francis H.,in 1849. Henry and Charles are partners in an extensive tobacco business 
in Romeo, Mich. In 1850, Mr. Bradley and wife united with the Baptist Church, at Mt. 
Vernon, and, in 1878, took letters and unite 1 with the Baptist Church in Romeo; they 
moved to Romeo in 1878, and located on Pleasant street, where they now live. 

ALEX. A. BRIGGS, proprietor of the American House, was born at Colchester, 
Canada West, November 27, l841; he purchased the principal hotel building at Romeo, 
November 18, 1878, and has since that time made Michigan his home; his hotel is noticed 
in the history of Romeo. He moved to Detroit in 1853, and made that his home until he 
moved to Romeo. 

DANIEL B. BRIGGS, P. O. Romeo, was born at Adams. Berkshire County, Mass.. 
February 18, 1829; his parents were natives of the same State; after pm-suing for some 
years an academic coiu-se of study, he entered Williams College, Mass., in 1844, from 
which he graduated in 1848; he immediately commenced the study of law, and was ad- 
mitted in 1850 to practice in the com-ts of the commonwealth. About the close of that 
year, his native town established, in compliance with the Legislative enactment, a free 
high school, and Mr. Briggs was chosen to the Priucipalship, which position he held for 
thi-ee years. During this time, he also did service as a member of the School Committee 
of the town. In March, 1854, he removed to Detroit, and, in the month of May follow- 
ing, located at Romeo, Macomb County, Mich., and entered upon the practice of law. 
The following year, he became Principal of the Dickinson Institute — formerly a branch of 
the State University — located at that place, and was connected with that institution for 
three years. During the years 1858, 1859 and 1860, he held the position of Superintend- 
ent of Public Schools in the citv of Ann Arbor; from thence he removed to Jackson, where 
he held a similar position for five years. On leaving school work in the summer of 1865, 
he returned to Macomb County and engaged in farming. During the Legislative session 
of 1867, he acted as Clerk of the Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives, 
and, in the month of .4pril of that year, was elected County Superintendent of Schools for 
Macomb County and, on the 1st of May following, he entered upon the duties of that 
office, in which he served four years. During his last official term, he was made President 
of the State Association of County Superintendents of Schools. He was Director of the 
Romeo Union School District for eight years, and, for about the same length of time, was 
Secretary of the County Agricultural Society; he also had charge of the public schools of 



"» "V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY 



d>^. 



Mt. Clemens, the county seat of Macomb County, for the school year 1871-72; in Novem- 
ber, 1S72, he was elected State Superintendent of Public Instruction, which office he re- 
tained for four years, having been re-elected at the close of his first term, in 1874. In 
1879, Mr. Briggs was appointed to the office of Deputy Secretary of State, which official 
position he still occupies. Mr. B. cherishes the welfare of old Macomb, and during all 
of his absence he has never lost his residence in the county. 

MAETIN BUZZELL was born May 16, 1811, at Boston, Lower Canada; is the son 
of Daniel and Lydia (Adams) Buzzeli, the former born in New Hampshire, the latter in 
St. Johnsbm-y, Vt. , the tii'st white child born there; her ancestors belonged to the old 
Plymouth Colony of Massachusetts. The family went to Derby, Vt., soon after the birth of 
Mr. B. of this sketch, and, in 1 81 7, to Honeoye Falls, Monroe Co. , N. Y., where they resided 
until 1831, when he came to Michigan and settled at Grand Blanc, Genesee County, ili-. 
B. came to Romeo in July of the same year, where his parents afterward joined him; his 
father died at fifty-one, his mother at eighty-five, years of age. He was married, Novem- 
ber 4, 1832, to Clarissa T. Winchell: she died in the autumn of 1836, leaving one son— - 
Julius C, who married Phebe Hamlin: they buried three children in infancy. Mr. B. 
was married again in 1843, to Hairiet Burk: she died in 1846, and left one living son — 
Marcus H, who maiTied Mary Rogers; they have one child — Helen M., born February 14, 
1880; one child was biuied in infancy. Mr. B. was mairied, to Julia A. Wing, April 26, 
1849; four children of this marriage siuwive — Fred C, editor of the Romeo Democrat, 
bom July 3, 1855; Clyde H., foreman of the Romeo Observer. February 27, 1857; Ida L. 
and Eva R. (twins), November 2-1, 1S59; Eva is the wife of George E. Strauahan, and was 
mai-ried August 7, 1878, they have one son — Claude M., bom December 16, 1879; Frank 
M. was born March 12, 1850 and died July 16, 1876; Helen C, September 27, 1851; died 
March 2, 1880; Byi'on L. and Biu-ton S. (twins), born September 26, 1854; died August 7 
and 17, 1855; Malcom W. , born December Kt, 1863; died March 1, 1880; he and his 
sister were buried in one day. Mrs. B. is a native of Missisqiioi County, Province of 
Quebec; on coming to Romeo, Mr. B. engaged in mercantile business as a clerk; in the 
fall of 1837, he went to Natchez, Miss., and was similarly employed until the fall of 
1840, when he returned to this county and was on a farm a few years, in Ai'mada, remov- 
ing to Romeo in 1845; he was the first Town Clerk of Bruce, and, in 1861, was elected 
Justice of the Peace, serving two terms in Bruce; in July, 1872, he was elected to the 
same office fi'om Washington and has tilled the office continuously since. He is in the in- 
surance business, also, which he has been operating since 1861. 

ELISHA CALKINS, son of Hiram and Abigail (Lockwood) Calkins, was born Octo 
ber 1, 1816, in Cayuga County, N. Y. His father was born in Connecticut, his mother in 
New York. In 1825, his parents came to Michigan and settled in Washington Township, 
where his father located 160 acres of Government land, to which he subsequently made 
considerable additions; he died in June, 1875. On coming to Romeo, Mr. Calkins en- 
gaged about eighteen months in general merchandise, when he sold out and went to Sault 
Ste. Marie, and had the management of a portion of the canal construction two yeai's, 
after which he retm-ned to Romeo and. opened a mercantile enterprise in connection with 
A. McLeod, which he pursued two years. In 1861, he embarked in the drug business, 
selling out six years later, and' going to Detroit, engaged in the Union L'on Company, in 
which he still holds an interest. He was connected with Amos Palmer in the fiu-nitiu-e 
business, from March, 18N0. to May, 1881: he inherited Democratic principles and voted 
for one President in accordance with them, but, being a Radical in his views generally, he 
became an earnest supporter of the Republican party on its organization. He was elected 
Supervisor of Washington Townshijs, in 1848, and has held the office five years; has also 
been Village Trustee. In 1850, he engaged in lumbering in Lapeer County, where he 
40 



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HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



continued two years. In the spring of 1(S88, he was married to Caroline Wales (born in 
Lower Canada), who died in 1852: from this marriage there were three children — Horace, 
who died when two years old; Orpha and Abigail, both deceased. Mr. Calkins was juar- 
I'ied again, in the spring of 1854. to Eliza Wales, sister of his first wife: they have one 
child — Cora G. Mr. Calkins owns village property at Romeo; also at Lnlay City, La- 
peer Conntv. 

CHARLES N. COE, jeweler, was born in Milford. Pike Co., Penn., July 28, 1848; he 
is the son of Charles R. and Lucetta (Wells) Coe; when he was three years old, he came 
with his parents to a farm two miles west of Oxford, Oakland County, they removed to 
Romeo two years later, where, with the exception of one year spent in the State of New York, 
he has since resided: he is engaged in the prosecution of the jewelry trade, on Main street; 
the concern was first established in 1858 in a small building on West St. Clair street, by H. 
P. Piper, and was removed a short time after to the present location of the restaurant of J. 
L. Benjamin: its second removal was to its present quarters, in Ciray's block. About that 
date, Mr. Piper associated Capt. Milton Thomjison with himself, and they continued in 
the partnership until November 26. 1873, when C. N. Coe became its pro])rietor by piu-- 
chase. 

THOMAS D. COE & CO.. ch-uggists. The drug house of Coe & Co. was established 
originally by a man named B. F. Castle; several years later, in 1856, it passed into the 
hands of Pool & Hosner. by whom it was managed until August 4, 1857. when the fii-m 
style became Pool. Tilson & Hubbard, by whom the business was prosecuted until early 
in 1860, when Mr. Hubbard retired and it became Pool & Tilson: February 20 of that 
year, another change was made to Pool & Calkins, and soon after, on the death of the 
junior partner, the concern became E. & L. Calkins; in September, 1861, Joseph Holland 
succeeded L. Calkins by purchase, and the firm became Calkins & Holland; September 20. 
1866, another change occiu'red, and the house did business under the name of Holland & 
Reade; T. D. Coe & Co, succeeded lo the proprietorship, March 22. 1875; predecessors 
remained as silent pai'tners until the death of Holland, about a month after, since which 
Mr. Reade has occupied that position alone. T. D. Coe was born in Pike County, Penn., 
June 29, 1846: is the son of Charles R. and Lucetta (Wells) Coe; his parents moved to 
Michigan when he was five years of age and settled in Oakland County, on a farm, coming 
to Romeo two years later. Mr. C. entered the drug store of Calkins & Holland in 1861, 
and has been in the di'ug business ever since, finally succeeding to the proprietorship of 
the established and reliable house where he began to familiarize himself with the details 
of his life's pursuit. He was married, Februarj' 16, 1874. to Anna Washer, a native of 
New Jersty. Mr. Coe has a residence on Prospect street 

MASON COLE was born November 5, 1819, at Bristol, Ontario Co., N. Y.: is the son 
of Nathaniel and Sally (Mason) Cole; the former was a direct descendant from the pil- 
grim stock of New England, and was born at Rehoboth, Bristol Co., Mass.. in 1794; his 
wife was born at Attleboro, Bristol Co., Mass., in 1798, also of English Puritan lin- 
eage. Jime 16, 1837, Mr. Cole's father set out for Michigan, accompanied by his wife 
and six children; the overland joiu-ney consumed eighteen days (Mr. Cole slept every 
night in the wagon). They located on the north line of Ray Township, where the father 
bought 200 acres of land and they entered ujion pioneer life, clearing away the timber 
and imjjroving the farm. They brought a year's provisions, consequently their first ex- 
periences were comparatively free from difficulties, but the next year, 1838, many hard- 
ships overtook them, consequent upon the large influx of emigrants, which rendered sup- 
plies insufficient There was money enough, but everything must be brought from De- 
troit and no one had time to spare. During that year, Mr. Cole sometimes wore shirts 
without sleeves, and subsisted on roasted corn with milk — if the cow could be found. 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



He was seventeen when his parents came to Michigan, and until he was twenty -one he 
had no opportunities for an education. After that age, he exerted himself to acquire 
such attainments as he foresaw he should require to become a successfiil business man. 
He taught school thirteen consecutive terms, in Macomb County — terms ranging from 
three to six months. During eighteen months of this time, he was troubled with fever 
and ague, and had, besides, a school of seventy pupils on his hands, but he made no 
stop, save for an occasional half day. The gleanings from pioneer experiences show how 
advantageous to the human mind is the necessity for struggle to attain, not the benefits 
of the world, but the discipline that prepares a man to justly estimate his own value 
among men. Mr. Cole studied law two years for the express purpose of managing his 
business intelligently. He was by heritage and training a Democrat, and, while a mem- 
ber of that party, was a delegate to five conventions; he adopted Free-Soil principles and 
eventually became a Republican, assisting in the organization of the party in Macomb 
County; was once delegate to the Republican State Convention, and twice a delegate to 
the Eighth Republican District Convention; since 1^54, he has been, with two excep- 
tions, a delegate to every County Convention; he has been identified with the politics of 
this count}' since 1840; he was School Inspector of Ray eight years, and, in 1866, was 
elected Justice of the Peace; was. during the time, elected Highway Commissioner, serv- 
ing four years; in 1879, was again elected Justice of the Peace, but resigned on coming 
to Romeo; he has served as juryman on occasions for thirty-five years in this county, and 
one term on the United States jury at Detroit. He was married, in 1847, to Charity 
Gamber, a native of Ontario County, N, Y. ; she died May '24, 1877, leaving two sons — 
Simeon G. (married Ida Parker, and resides on the farm in Ray) and William B., a grad- 
uate of Kalamazoo College. Mr. Cole was married a second time, January 2, 1878, to 
Mrs. Ann Eliza, widow of Burchard Throop; he has been Director of the Macomb and St. 
Clair Mutual Fire Insurance Company for two yeai's. 

CHESTER COOLEY was born June 19, 1817, in Cambria, Niagara Co., N. Y,; he is 
the son of Samuel and Polly (Dyke) Cooley; at the age of eighteen, in the fall of 1835, 
he settled with his parents in the town of Bruce. He was married, August 24, 1838, to 
Jane, daughter of Jacob Kisoe, of Ontario County, N. Y. ; by request of his father, it was 
arranged that the patrimonial estate should revert to him, consequently it was his home, 
and he cared for his father and mother through their declining years; in 1868, he left his 
homestead and bought his residence on Main street, north, where he has since resided; he 
still owns 200 acres — the old farm in Bruce, a jiart inherited fi'om his father and the rest 
purchased from the several heirs; also owns two farms in Ray, including 227 acres; also 
cedar and pine lands and village property in Romeo. He was an inherent Democrat, to 
which party he adhered until the rise of the Free-Soil party, and afterward became a Re- 
publican; they have seven children — Noah, Polly, Anna, Chester Dike, Sarah Jane, 
Eunice Beach and Mauley Benjamin. Samuel Cooley was born November 14, 1775, in 
Vermont; his father was Benjamin Cooley, a Colonel in the Revolution, and was with 
Ethan Allen when he demanded the surrender of Ticonderoga, in the name of the Great 
Jehovah and the Continental Congress; Col. Cooley was one of the first settlers in Ver- 
mont, from Massachusetts, and was for years a Representative in the Vermont Legislature; 
he was Clerk of his county,"and, being a leading member of the M. E. Chui'ch, he was 
foremost in holding open doors for the entertainment of the itinerancy of that body of 
Christians; on one occasion, when a quai'terly meeting was in session at CoL Cooley" s 
home, it took fire and was destroyed, the county records being preserved only through the 
most strenuous eiforts. Samuel Cooley was the second son; he came to Vermont, and. as 
soon as he was eligible, he was elected to the Legislature, and continued to serve there 
until 1X15, when he went to Cambria, Niagara Co., N. Y. He was married, in Vermont, 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



October o, 1797, to Polly Dyke, born August 4, 1781 ; he followed the occupeatiou of farm- 
ing in New York State until the fall of 1882. when he came to Michigan and entered '■i'20 
acres of land, receiving his patent of ownership from Andrew Jackson; on this farm he 
lived and died; he made the route to Michigan overland through Canada, bringing with 
him his wife and foui- sous; on the organization of the State, Mi'. C. was urged to accept 
a nomination as Representative in one of the first Legislatures, but he declined; he was 
a Democrat, acted as Assessor for Bruce for a number of years; he laid out the first road 
of any extent in that township; he died February 2, 1848; Mrs. C died September 10, 1888. 

AMOS O. CRISSMAN was born October 8, 1818, in Warren County, N. J.; his 
parents, Benjamin and Mary (Kern) Crissman, were both natives of New Jersey, of Ger- 
man descent; they settled in Washington, Macomb County, in 1880, and purchased 240 
aci-es of land having some improvements, afterward adding to it until it included 600 
acres; the father died in 1861, the mother in 1855; there were six sons and one daughter. 
The estate was inventoried at $20,000 on the father's death. Mrs. Crissman acted as the 
administrator. He remained on the farm until he was tweuty-eight years old; after he 
reached his majority, he received $110 a year, with board and clothes; he was married, 
in 1846, to Abigail Pettinger, a native of New York; with the money he had earned, he 
bought eighty-seven acres of land in Washington, which he afterward traded for a farm of 
120 acres, in Brace, where he lived eighteen months. In the winter of 1868, he bought 
his property — six acres — in Romeo. Mr. and Mrs. Crissman have had three childi'en, 
one of whom died when an infant; two daughters — Mary F. and Addie L. — reside at 
home. Mr. Ci'issman was formerly a Whig but is now a Republican; he is one of the 
substantial citizens of Romeo and represents a considerable amount of property vested in 
mortgages, notes, etc. 

WILLIAM B. CUYLER, photographic artist, was born March 22, 1847, East Guil- 
lumbui-y. Province of Ontario, Canada; is the son of William E. and Julia A. (Purdy) 
Cuyler; his father was born in Vermont, June 28, 1809, his mother in New York, June 
1."), ISI).-); they had seven children — three sons and four daughters. Mr. Cuyler, Sr. , died 
A[>ril 2>i, 1876; he was the son of John and Elizabeth (Thompson) Cuyler. Mrs. Cuyler 
is still living; she is the daughter of William and Philinda (Vieder) Pm-dy, of Holland 
extraction. 'Mr. Cuyler's paternal ancestors were of English lineage. Mi'. Cuyler of 
this sketch was trained to the vocation of a machinist in his native town, which he pur- 
sued until 1869; he came to Michigan in 1865, locating at Attica, obtaining employment 
at his trade; in 1869, he began the preliminaries of his profession and was under instruc- 
tions until 1871, when he opened business independently in his present quarters, at Ro- 
meo, where he has since continued. Mr. Cuyler is entitled to distinctive notice as a sci- 
entific empiricist in his profession, consequently his work exhibits merits of much more 
than ordinary pretension; he keeps pace with all modern progress in the art and is always 
in readiness to exhibit to his patrons the latest and best styles of pictures. He was mar- 
ried, April 18, 1872, to Hattie E., daughter of Eli and Catharine (Rooney) Woodrow, 
born in Norwich, Province of Ontario, Canada, April 15. 1858; they have three children 
— N. Kitty, born September 19, 1878; Mauviette, March 27, 1876; Zoe, August 8, 1881. 
Mr. Cuyler adheres to the principles of the Democratic faith. Mr. Woivdrow was born 
May 14, 1809; his wife January 31. 1807. 

FRANK W. DASH was born September 26, 1849, in Oxford County, Ontario, Can- 
ada; is the son of Charles and Louise Dash; came to the States April 28, 1868, when he 
came to Romeo; by occupation he is a tinsmith; learned his trade in Canada; is now 
foreman of the tin department of Henry Rawles' hardware establishment. June 5, 1872, 
Mr. Dash married Irene Washer, of Romeo; wife born January 5, 1852; she died Sep- 
tember 30, 1878; had one child, Carl W., born September 17, 1878. Mr. Dash married 



HISTOBY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



for his second wife May E. Washer, sister of his first wife: were married June 10, ISSO; 
his wife was born November 23. 1.S53; she was the daughter of George and Isabel Wash- 
er, of Romeo; they have one child — Frank G., born November I'J, ISSl. Mr. Dash is a 
member of the Masonic fraternity. Both Mr. and Mrs. Dash are members of the Baptist 
Church of Komeo; politically, he is a Republican. 

ISAAC DOUGLAS, D. D. S.. was born in Troy, Oakland Co., Mich., May 25, 1830; 
he is the third son of Nathan Douglas, son of Rev. Caleb Doiiglas, of New London, 
Conn. Nathan Douglas came from Whitestown. N. Y.. in 1824, and settled in Troy, hav- 
ing six mouths previously been united in marriage with Frances Smith, of Whitesboro; 
he located in the primal wilderness, cleared a space and built a log home, in which they 
lived four weeks before doors and windows could be procured. The time was made inter- 
esting by the screeching of owls and howling of wolves; they reared eight children to ma- 
turity; after the marriage of the youngest, in 1864, the farm was sold and the parents 
went to reside with their second son — William — in Otisoo. Ionia County, where Mr. 
Douglas died December 6, 1874; he and his wife celebrated their fiftieth wedding anni- 
versary March 8 of the same year. Mr. and Mrs. D. were two of the constituent mem- 
bers of the Troy Baptist Church, having been dismissed from the Pontiae Church for that 
purpose. Mrs. D. died at Pewamo, Ionia Co.. Mich., January 18, 1882; the ancestry of 
Dr. Douglas is reliably tr.iced to Deacon William Douglas, who came from Scotland in 
1640, with his wife, Ann Mattie Douglas, to whom he was married in 16;-(6, at Ringstead, 
England; they are the ancestors of the now famous New London family, which has spread 
to all parts of this country; the line descends to Dr. Douglas as follows: William, Robert, 
Thomas, John, Caleb and Nathan; it is taken from a genealogical history of the Douglas 
family. Dr. D. had in early life only the advantages for education common to the sons 
of Michigan pioneer farmers; during his twentieth summer, he studied dentistry with 
his brother Caleb, who settled in Romeo at the season's close, and continued to study with 
him until March, 1852, and remained with him until his death, in June, 1852, and suc- 
ceeded to his business; he felt that he needed a knowledge of medicine of a wider scope 
than was to be obtained from dental books and he began to read with Dr. Wyker, of Ro- 
meo; in 1854, his health failed and he abandoned his profession, partly to receive medical 
treatment, which he did a year and one-half, under the old-school treatment, without 
benefit: he tested homeopathic remedies and method, and in four weeks resumed the du- 
ties of his profession at Romeo and commenced the study of homeopathy, under the direc- 
tion of Drs. Ellis & Drake, of Detroit; in the winter of 1858, he entered the college at 
Cleveland. Ohio; here he passed all the examinations and ranked among tbe highest in 
his class; he returned to Romeo in 1859. and began the practice of medicine, together 
with dentistry, which he continued until 1865, since which time he has confined his at- 
tention to dentistry as closely as circumstances would allow; since that date, he has given 
instruction to a number of young men in dentistry, homeopathy and allopathy, who are 
practicing in their professions. As a dentist. Dr. Douglas has been signally successful ; 
from January 1, 1866, to January 1, 1872, he put in 4.394 fillings with but seventeen re- 
placements within two years of the first operation; February 1, 1852, he made his first 
experiment in removing nerv.es and filling nerve canals in roots, with a three-rooted tooth, 
which was in good condition twenty-three years afterward: April 9, 1859, he exerted his 
skill for the first time in filling ulcerated teeth; the experiment has proved a success to 
this date, twenty-thi-ee years after. Dr. D. is one of the organizing members of the 
Michigan Dental Association, seldom tailing to attend its meetings, coutributing greatly 
to their interest by verbal or written discussions, or both; has occupied or declined every 
official position; he assisted in organizing the Michigan Homeopathic Institute, and was 
a member until its dissolution, in May, 1877; he was constituted a member of its sue- 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



cesser, the Michigan Homeopathic Medical Society: in recognition of his experi- 
ence, reputation and as a contributor to dental science, the Ohio College of Den- 
tal Surgery conferred upon him, in March, 1S71, the degree of D. D. S. He con- 
nected himself with the Baptist Church at Troy, Oakland County, in 1S43, and at 
sixteen was appointed one of the church committees; in \HThi, he transferred his mem- 
bership to the Baptist Church in Itomeo; in 1S72, his connection with that denomination 
was severed, in consequence of a change of his views, and he has since united with the 
Congregational Church; he was Deacon of the Baptist Church seven years, and for live 
years was a leading member, paying from one-tenth to one-eighth of the current expenses 
of the society; he was Superintendent of the Mission Sabbath School, near Eomeo, seven 
summers, and has always been a generous contributor to Christian societies of various de- 
nominations, adding materially to the advancement of the same in his locality; he is 
known for his professional benevolence, moderating his charges to the circumstances of 
his patients, and rendering gratuitous services when the case requires; he is temperate in 
habits and a Republican in politics. He was married, October 2, IS52, to Elizabeth 
Clarke, a native of England, who emigrated with her parents from Bedford in 1884; they 
were on the ocean twenty-one weeks and were wrecked ofi' New York harbor, escaping 
only with their lives; Dr. and Mrs. D. have had three daiighters and one son; two daugh- 
ters and the son are now living. 

EBER J. DUDLEY, third son of Orsel Dudley, was born June 1-4, 18:30, in Wash 
ington, Macomb County; he received a common-school education and lived on a farm until 
he was twenty-one years old; after that age, he came to Romeo and attended school and 
afterward taught about six yeare; in 1861, he engaged in mercantile business, in Brook- 
hn, Ray Township, and, three years after, came to Romeo, entering the employ of John 
W. Dyar as clerk; after a year and a half, he formed a partnership with Joseph Newman, 
which relation existed nine years; in 1876, he began business where he is at present es- 
tablished; he has a very tine assortment of goods, selected in the best of taste as to 
quality and variety to suit his large trade; he deals exclusively in ladies' goods; he and 
Mrs. Dudley give their attention exclusively to their business, and both are highly esteemed 
by their customei-s. Mr. Dudley was married, November 27, 1863, to Elizabeth Warren, 
born in New York; they have one son — Frank W., seven years old. Mrs. Dudley's father 
was a Methodist minister of her native State. Politically, Mi'. Dudley is a Republican, 
though not very active or aggressive; he served as School Inspector of Ray, and three 
vears as Township Clerk of Washington. 

ORSEL DUDLEY (deceased) was born in EastBloomtield, N. Y, March 24, 1800; came 
to Macomb County in May, 1S8(), and settled in Washington; he was married, May 30, 
1822, in New York, to Lucinda Jones, a native of Pompey, Onondaga Co., N Y. ; she 
now lives with her son, aged eighty. Mr. Dudley had small opportunities for education, 
but he had a passion for books, and acquired a liberal education thi'ough reading; he lo- 
cated 168 acres of Government laud, which he sold afterwai'd and bought eighty; there 
were five childi'en, four of whom are now living; their record is as follows: Jerome, de- 
ceased; Olive, living in Wasliington; Eber (see sketch); Leonai'd, residing in Mason, Ing- 
ham County; Yelora, wife of James Gass, of Ray. Mr. Dudley was a man of equable 
temperament, which made his judgment valuable to his friends; a strong advocate of 
temperance, interested actively in politics, leaving the Democratic for the Republican 
party when slavery became an issue; he died suddenly of apoplexy, January 18, 1880. 

EDWARD R. EATON was born December 1, 1828, in Union, Tolland Co., Conn.; he 
is the son of William and Fannie Sessions Eaton; his father was born September 16, 
17U3; his mother August 14, 1795; the former came to Michigan in February, 1836, and 
bought eighty acres of land in Washington preparatory to establishing a home for his family, 






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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



consisting of his wife, live daughters and two sons, who followed, July 8, 1836; the par- 
ents lived on the farm until their deaths, the father dying in 1861 and the mother in 
1875. Ml'. Eaton remained with his father until he was twenty years old. when he en- 
gaged as a farm hand until April 8, 1856, when he was married to Harriet Nichols, of 
Macomb, Macomb County; he bought a farm of eighty acres iu Macomb, where he lived 
seven years and cleared nearly the whole of it, when, iu 1S63, he sold out and bought a 
farm of 140 acres in Washington, which he has increased l)y pui'chase to 215 acres; in 
the fall of 1881, he removed to Romeo. Mr. and Mi's. Eaton have had foui- children — a 
daughter, Fidelia, died in February, 1864, nearly two years old; Van W., is married and 
managing his father's farm; Fannie is married, and William lives at home. Until 1861, 
Ml-. Eaton was a Democrat, and has since voted the Republican ticket; he was Constable 
and Justice of the Peace in Macomb County. 

SAMUEL HOLBROOK EWELL was born January :}, 18 IU, at Middlebmy, Wyo- 
ming Co., N. Y. ; his parents, Samuel and Nancy (Hoyt) Ewell, were both natives of Mas- 
sachusetts, the former born at Norwich, Hampshire County, March 22, 177U, Scotch par- 
entage, the latter at New Braintree, Worcester County, of Welsh extraction; in 1802, 
Samuel Ewell and his brother Henry moved te the •'Holland Purchase," now the town- 
ship of Middlebury, Wyoming County, and were the iii'st two of the settlers in the dis- 
trict who paid for their pre-emption of 160 acres from the products of the land. Mr. E. 
was married, in 1806, in Chesterfield, Mass., to Nancy Hoyt, and moved to Middlebiuy 
the same year; he came to Michigan in 1836, and died at Romeo June 16, 1842, and his 
wife died September 4, 1873, in the ninety-third year of her age; both were baptized and 
united with the West Baptist Church, in Middlebmy, July, 1818, a membership which 
lasted all their lives; they were the parents of nine childi'en, whose record is as follows: 
Apphia died at Alexandi'ia, N. Y., aged seventy-one: Laura died at Adi-ian, Mich., Febra- 
ary \>. 1881, aged seventy-two; Sophronia, Widow Mix, lives at Aurora, 111.; Samuel H. 
has lived at Romeo since May 28, 1836; Aaron Hall resides in Dakota; Jane Hoyt is the 
wife of Dr. J. Avery, of Greenville, Mich.; Nancy, Alvina and Sophia reside at Romeo; 
Loranie died at three months old. 'Mr. E. of this sketch came to Michigan with his par- 
ents at the age of seventeen; he attended the high school three winters, and afterward 
worked at the cabinet-maker's trade three years, with the Messrs. Palmer; in IS'43, he 
commenced working on his father's farm, near the village, where he remained until 1857; 
he spent thiee and one-half years in a grist-mill, and, in 1S60, went to Pike's Peak; re- 
tui'ned and purchased the Romeo Argus; a year after, it was biu-ned, with no insurance; 
he went to work in a wagon-shop, where he remained three years, and, in LSGU, iu com- 
pany with Irvin D. Hanscom, purchased the Romeo Obserner, and they continued its 
publication until 1874; in 1877, he built a grist-mill on the corner of St. Clair and Bailey 
streets, where he has since operated; he was married, in December, 1S43, to Lucinda 
Wilcox, who died in July, 1845; in September, 1857, he was married to Cordelia, daugh- 
ter of John Smith, of Almout; they have one daughter — Leoua, burn April 1, 1S60; she 
is a young lady of scholarly attainments and graduated with honor at the normal school in 
June, 1881; a son, vSamuel Leon, born November 1, 1870, is pursuing his studies at Ro- 
meo. Mr. E. was in old times a Whig and became an active and aggressive Republican; in 
1863, he was enrolling officer for the t<^wnship of Bruce, and has been a member of the 
Board of Village Trustees several terms; until the age of thirty-five, he was liberal iu his 
religious views, and at that time became a Spiritualist; in temperament, he is social and 
genial and inspires those whom he meets with a feeling of ease and confidence; he owns 
village property and a small farm within the corjioration line, which he manages himself; in 
temperance, he is a radical, using neither whisky, tobacco, tea, coftee or other stimulants. 

SEAMON FILLMORE (deceased) was born February 11, 17UU, in Genesee County, 






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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



N. Y. ; was the son of John and Ada (Simmons) Fillmore, the former of Irish descent, 
the latter of Scotch lineage; he came to Michigan in September, 1832. and located in 
Ray. Macomb County, taking np two eighty- acre tracts of Government land on the line 
between Ray and Armada; it was all dense forest and Mr. Fillmore entered resolutely at 
oucc upon the self-imposed duties of the pioneer, clearing away the timber, improving the 
land and making every preparation for the support and comfort of his family: this, at 
that time, included his wife and three children, which number increased to nine; all sur- 
vive but two. Mr. Fillmore was married, to Philinda Ashley, in New York, February 
16, 1828; she was born September 10, 1S06, and is still living at Romeo, corner of Bailey 
and Washington streets. Mr. Fillmore was a Whig, but took only a moderate interest in 
politics; he died October 2. 184H. aged fortv-five vears. 

CHARLES FILLMORE was born September 14, 1830, in. Genesee County, N. Y.; 
is the son of Seamon and Philinda (Ashley) Fillmore; when he was two years old, his 
parents settled in Ray, Macomb County, where he remained on the homestead farm until 
twenty-one years of age, when he set out for his single-handed struggle with the world. 
In 1856, he took charge of the Selleck Hotel, at Armada Corners, then a popular and 
prominent resort on account of location; he managed the house two years, and, diu-ing 
the time, November U, 1857, was married to Hannah Lyons, a native of Canada; he en- 
listed in the civil war, in 1861, in Company A, Ninth Michigan Infantry, as a musician. 
The regiment was ordered to West Point. Ky., where it was stationed during the winter; 
in the spring of 1862, it was transferred to Murfreesboro, Tenn. ; he was there appointed 
Drum Major of the band and held music; July 12. 1862, he was captiu-ed at Murfrees- 
boro, and was soon after paroled, and was discharged about the 1st of August after for 
sickness and disability; he returned to Romeo and engaged with George Washer in the 
manufacture of boots and shoes, where he remained nearly nine years. Politically, Mr. 
Fillmore is a Democrat; he was appointed Deputy Sheriff of Macomb County in 1873, 
and held the position six years; in March, 1876, he was elected Marshal of Romeo, and 
continues to discharge the duties of the office, in connection with which he is acting as 
Constable, a position he has tilled at different times since attaining his majority. Mr. 
and Mrs. Fillmore have had four children, three of whom — all sons — they have lost; a 
daughter. Julia, still survives. 

STEPHEN H. FITCH was born July 17, 1807, at Kinderhook. Columbia Co.,N. Y.; 
his parents, Abel and Patty (Barnard) Fitch, were both natives of Connecfticut, of English 
descent; at sixteen, he went to Victor, Ontario Co., N. Y., and, at the age of twenty-one, 
went to Cattaraugus County, where he remained three years; he came to Michigan in 
1831, and settled in that part of Washington which is now included in Bruce; previous to 
coming, he bought eighty acres of land, but. on seeing it. was disappointed, sold it and 
bought another farm of eighty acres, three miles north of Romeo, adding forty acres by 
purchase afterward; in April. 1864, he bought his present property at Romeo, including 
six and one-fourth acres, and moved into the village; in 1868. he located a farm in Jack- 
son County, Ala., where he built a house and moved his family; he spent about live years 
there preparing a home for his family, who were with him two years; in 1873. they re- 
turned to Romeo. He was married, in July, 1831. to Louisa Collins, of Erie County, N. 
Y. ; she died in 1844. leaving three of four children living — Martha. Henry C. and Ste- 
phen. Mr. Fitch was man-ied again, in 1847. to Julia Chamberlain, a native of Dela- 
ware County. N. Y. ; they had one son — George B. Mr. Fitch cast his first Presidential 
vote for Andrew Jackson, and has always belonged to the same party; he was Assessor in 
Bruce in 1836, and elected Justice of the Peace afterward. 

WILLIAM V,'. GIBBS was born December 21, 1824. in Livonia. Livingston Co., 
N. Y. : his parents, David and Ruth (Woodruff) Gibbs, were both of English descent; his 



J4V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



father was born iu Massachusetts, his mother in Connecticut, where they were married; 
they moved to Chenango County. N. Y. , and afterward to Livingston County; they had 
twelve children, one of whom died at the age of two years: the rest lived to mature years; 
the father was a carpenter and died, in lS;-!5. from lockjaw, caused by a pistol-shot in the 
foot: the mother died in 1841. Mr. Gibbs remained at home until his mother's death 
when he was sixteen years old: he worked about eight years at gunsmithing, and then 
began studying as a portrait painter and came to Michigan, in 1S4U, locating at Kalama- 
zoo, where he remained until June 6. 1!S52. at which date he came to Armada: January 1, 
185H. he came to Romeo and has folloived his profession since, acquiring considerable 
celebrity both as a portrait and landscape painter. Mr. Gibbs" sketches and studies in 
color exhibit him as an artist of legitimate genius and taste, and one who fully merits all 
the success and fame he has won. He was married, in September, 1867, to Jane, daugh- 
ter of Oliver A. and Eliza Jane Lewis, of Dryden, Lapeer Co., Mich.: she was born in 
that town: they have one son — Willie — aged ten years; they lost a daughter — Alice — 
when twenty months old. Mr. G. has been a Republican since the formation of the party; 
he has been a resident of the county for many years and an interested witness of its growth 
and development. Some of the original paintings of Mr. G. that may be referred to are 
the portraits of Henry Stephens and Miss Jennie Mellens, of Romeo; J. Henry AVhitte- 
more, wife and child, and Miss Jessie Fox, of Detroit; family group of John Mellens: 
ideal sunset in the mountains, owned by Mr. Stephens, Jr,, Romeo; hunters' camp in the 
pine plains in Crawford County, Mich., and moonlight on the ocean, owned by George H. 
Waterbury. 

EDWIN W. GIDDINGS was born June 11, 1815, at Preston, New London Co., 
Conn. : is the son of Jabez W. and Lydia (Alden) Giddings; his parents were of English 
descent; his mother was born in Stafford, Tolland Co., Conn.; thej' removed, in 1880, to 
Hartford, Conn., where Mr. Giddings passed the succeeding four years on a farm, with 
limited advantages for obtaining an education. He was married, October 18, 1840, to 
Martha S. Makepeace, of Brookfield, Mass., who died June 16, 1841. Mi-. Giddings was 
married, November 28, 1848, to Mercy A. Leach, of Honeoye Falls, N. Y. ; they had two 
sons and foiu- daughters. Mrs. Giddings died, November 22, 1866. In November, 1888, 
Mr. Giddings came to Michigan, with Nathan Dickinson, a merchant of Romeo, and an 
extensive owner of pine lands; they formed a partnership January 1, 188U, under the 
style of M. Dickinson & Co., a relation which existed imtil the death of Mr. Dickinson, 
in 1859; after that event. Mr. Giddings continued in the mercantile business with his 
sons and others until 1874; on the organization of the First National Bank, he was elected 
Vice President, and, on the death of Neal Gray, in 1868, was elected President: in 1870, 
he organized a banking house under the name of Giddings & Moore, resigning his po- 
sition in the First National Bank; in 1874, Giddings & Moore re-organized as the Citi- 
zens' National Bank, with Mr. Giddings as President, a position he still retains: August 
80. 1878, be was appointed a member of the Constitutional Commission under the joint 
resolution of the Legislature, approved April 24, 1878, Mr. Giddings became a member 
of the Congregational Church in Hartford, Conn., and, in 1889, connected himself with 
that society in Romeo. 

M. A. GIDDINGS was born at Preston. Conn., May 24, 1824; he is the son of Jabez 
W. and Lydia (Alden) Giddings, natives of Connecticut. In 1830 his father removed 
his family to Hartford Conn., where he remained iintil 1846, when Mr. G. settled 
at Romeo and opened mercantile transactions on a limited scale. Persistent at- 
tention to business and careful management have extended his relations and rendered 
them successful. He commenced operations in an old building previously occupied 
bv J. S, Jenness, and was associated for several vears with H. O. Smith: afterward 






658 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

the firm style became M. A. Giddings & Co.; in 1856, their new frame building, together 
with a considerable portion of the business houses of Eomeo, was destroyed by fire, when 
the brick block now occupied by the company was erected. IVL A. Giddings & Co. became 
Giddings, Mussey & Co., and afterward, succeeded by M. A. <& A. Giddings; this connec- 
tion continued for seven years, and, in ISIjU, the present house of Giddings, Rowley & 
Co. was established; it is one of the strongest business firms in the place; on the organiza- 
tion of the First National Bank, in the fall of 1S68, Mr G. was one of the original incor- 
porators and is one of the Directors; he was elected President in 1871, which position he 
still fills; he also owns stock in the Union Iron Company, of Detroit; he was a stanch 
Whig and became a Republican in later days, and has since been deeply interested in all 
the i.ssues of politics; in ISGG, he was elected President of Romeo, and afterward served 
for one term as Trustee; he has been a member of the School Board for six years; acted 
as its chief officer two years; he united with the Congregational Church soon after mov- 
ing here, and has been Sunday School Superintendent for thirteen years; he was married, 
in 1855, to Cai'oline. daughter of Jacob Beekman, a pioneer of the county; they have one 
son and two daughters. 

DR. WILLIAM GREENSHILDS, of Romeo, was born in the parish of Canui- 
chael, Lauai'kshire, Scotland, April 1, 1886; he received a thorough preparatory education 
in the schools of Lesmahagow and entered the University of Glasgow in 1852, and re- 
mained there as a student until 1S5U. then took his diploma from the faculty of physicians 
and surgeons of Glasgow, after a rigid examination, in April, 1859; immediately there- 
after, commenced the practice of medicine in the town of Douglas, in the parish of his 
birth; receiving the appointment of surgeon to Riggside & Gillespin Coal AVorks, which 
position he filled for five years, besides having a large private practice; in the month of 
March, 1864, he emigrated to America, settling in the village of Romeo, and established 
himself in the practice of his profession, in which he has since continued to the present 
time; for four years, he was the Secretary and Treasurer of the N. E. District Medical 
and Scientific Association; he is a jnember of the American Medical Association and 
health officer of Bruce Township for many years; he is a member of the A., F. & A. M. 
and Royal Arch and Knight Templar; he is examining smgeon for several insurance com- 
panies and enjoys an extensive general practice; he is a careful physician and a surgeon 
of more than ordinary skill. He was married, February 21, 1866, to Mary, oldest daugh- 
ter of Robert McKay, of Bruce Township; she was born in Brace February 1, 1845; their 
children are: John, born December H, 18(56; Jennie G., born May ■^, 1870; Robert McK., 
April 2S, 1878. Dr. G."s father was born in Scotland, in June. 171(8, emigrated to America in 
1866, located on the Carpenter farm, in Orion Township, Oakland County, where he still 
resides; he has a family of five children, of whom the Doctor is the fourth. 

IRVING DUANE HANSCOM was bom in Shelby, Macomb Co., Mich., June 80, 
1S4(); he is the son of George and Sarah (Van Bruudt) Hanscom; his father was born in 
Gorham, Me., in 17'J6; his mother was a native of the Empire State, of Dutch extraction, 
her parents being natives of Amsterdam, Holland. Mr. H.'s parents came to Macomb 
County in 1820, and took up 160 acres of land in Shelby, on Sections 8 and 4, which was 
the homestead until their father's death, in June, 1N55; the mother survived more than 
twenty years and died at the age of eighty-four; they had five sons and two daughters. 
Alfred H. Hanscom, the eldest son, was a lawyer and politician of considerable promi- 
nence. In 1S42, he was a member of the Michigan Legislatui-e. and, in January of that 
year, was elected Speaker of the House; he was then twenty-two years old; in 1850. he 
was a member of the Constitutional Convention, and, at the time of his death, in 1859, 
he was United States District Attorney for the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Andrew 
J. Hanscom is also a lawyer, and resides at Omaha, Neb. ; he was Speaker of the first 

t^ la ^ ^^ 



V£ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



House of Representatives in the Territory of Nebraska. Mr. Hanscom of this sketch was 
the youngest; he was sent to Detroit to school at eight years of age, where he remained 
for three years; he subsequently attended the high school at Disco, Prof. A. M. Keeler; 
the Dickinson Institute, at Romeo, Prof. Isaac Stone, and Dr. Selden's high school at De- 
troit; at the age of seventeen, he entered Antioch College, Ohio; the next year, he went 
to Omaha and began to read law in the oifice of Poppletou & Lake, then the leading at- 
torneys of that city. He remained one year, and, becoming infected with the excitement 
growing out of the discovery of gold at Pike's Peak, and, yielding to a desire to visit the 
gold fields, he left Omaha for a short rest and vacation and to see the newly famous re- 
gion, but he did not readily detach himself from the influences of the limitless prairies, 
the exhilarating atmosphere, the wild adventures and the spirit of unrest fostered by his 
smToundings there, and he forgot Blackstone; when the mines pi-oved a myth, he resolved 
to solve the secrets of the siuiset side of the continent, and, instead of retracing his steps 
with the myriads who had failed to tind their El Dorado at Pike's Peak, he set out on foot 
for the Pacific coast and walked 2,000 miles. On the '24th of August, 185U, he reached 
Sacramento in a terribly demoralized state, physically considered — barefoot, clothes in 
tatters and nearly starved; he improved his condition by working in tlie mines and after- 
ward visited places of interest in California, and proceeded to Mexico, Central America 
and Cuba and thence home; soon after, he entered a law office in Detroit. August U, 1862, 
previous to a contemplated examination for admission to the bar, he enlisted in Company B, 
Twenty-second Michigan Volunteer Infantry; in six months, he was made Orderly Sergeant 
by a vote of the company and was subsequently promoted to Second and First Lieutenant, 
and, during the last year of service, was in command of Company G; he was honorably dis- 
charged with his regiment, in July, 1S65. He then entered the law office of Hon. Elisha 
F. Mead, and was admitted to practice in x^pril. 1S66, by examination before Judge San- 
ford M. Green, and at once opened an office at Romeo; he was elected to the office of Cir- 
cuit Com't Commissioner two successive terms, was nominated by the Republicans as 
Prosecuting Attorney, in the campaign of 1S76, but was defeated, the county being 
strongly Democratic; he was again nominated, in 18N0, for the same office, and, notwith- 
standing the strength of the ruling party, he was elected by a majority of thirteen votes 
over his former competitor. He was appointed by Gov. Bagley a Trustee for the State Insti- 
tute for the Deaf, Dumb and Blind, at Flint, and was elected Secretary of the Board, 
which position he resigned four years later because of the press of his own business; he 
is Acting President of Romeo, to which he has been elected eight times in succession; he 
is also Director of the Union School, and has been for a long time Trustee of the Congre- 
gational Church; at the burning of Gray's opera house block, in 1876, he lost a fine li- 
brary, which constituted the bulk of his possessions, together with all his papers, office 
tiles and accumulations of yeai's. He was married, January 17, 1S67, to Julia Alice Ab- 
bott; they have one child — Bessie A., fourteen years of age and of unusually brilliant 
promise. Mi-. Hanscom's character maybe inferred from his record ; genial, indomitable, 
persistent, generous, he holds his friendships, compels respect and wins the confidence 
of all. Irving D. Hanscom was the recipient of the following complimentary letter from the 
Macomb County bar, June, 1882, previous to his departure for his new home: '• Dear Sir 
— You have been on trial at 'the bar of this county for some sixteen years; you cannot be 
permitted to escape to new fields of practice without having passed upon you oiu' delib- 
erate judgment of you. A brother lawyer of this county, you have been well and fairlj' 
tried, and we shall as fairly j)ronounce sentence. It is, by us. after due deliberation, con- 
sidered, inasmuch as we have ever found you in all our association and interooui'se, at the 
bar and elsewhere, an honorable, able and courteous gentleman and attorney, that j'ou 
should bear with you in the future, not only this oui- earnest indorsement of you as an able 

>^<s r- —^ a) V 



IL^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



and honest lawyer, worthy of the confidence of clients and attorneys, but also our hearty 
and sincere wishes that the future of you and yours may be as full of happiness and suc- 
cess as one's very best friends could suggest. Yours, etc., T. M. Crocker, A. L. Canfield, 
D. N. Lowell, Ct. M. Crocker, H. B. Hutchins, Edgar Weeks, S. B. Russell. F. P. Mont- 
ford, A. B Mavnard." 

GEORGEG. HARTUNG was born March 28, 1S85, in Warren County, N. J. ; he is 
the son of William and Caroline Hartung, both natives of Warren County, N. J., the former 
of German and the latter of English descent. William Hartung was the son of Capt. Henry 
Hartung: the latter mai-ried Mary Kunkle, daughter of Adam Kunkle. of Sussex County, N. 
J., both Germans. The mother of George G. Hartung was the daughter of Dr. Jabez Gwin- 
nup. an Englishman, born in Morristown. N. J. At the age of fifty-five, William came to 
Michigan and located in Oakland County, where they remained until advancing age made 
the care of their children necessary, and they gave up housekeeping. Mrs. H. died at the 
residence of her son George. October 20, 1878; Mr. H. is still living with his son, in 
Calhoun County, aged eighty-one years; there were twelve children in the family, all of 
whom reached mature years; three are deceased. Mr. H. of this sketch located on 160 
acres in Addison. Oakland County, in 1855. which land he still retains with other pur- 
chases, making the aggregate 255 acres. He was married. December 17, 1857. to Matilda 
C daiighter of Marvil Shaw, an old settler of Macomb County; after his marriage, he 
moved on another farm in Oakland Township, where he lived for three years and sold 
out: he bought 140 acres in Shelby. Macomb County, and resided on it for three years, 
when he again fixed his residence in Washington, west of Romeo, on a farm of 200 acres, 
given to Mrs. H. by her father; three years after, they moved to Romeo, where they have 
since resided: they first bought a place on the corner of Main and Pleasant streets and 
occupied it three years, when he purchased the homestead of Dr. Tilson. Politically, 
Mr. H. is a Republican; he cast his first Presidential vote for Fremont in 1856, and has 
served thi-ee terms as a Village Trustee. Mr. and Mrs. H. have two daughters — Vinnie 
Ream and Annie Brabb, both at home. 

JAMES HARVEY, M. D.. was born in Canada West, August 21), 1886; his parents, 
William and Drusilla (Mills) Harvey, were farmers; Dr. Harvey remained in the Do- 
minion until seventeen years old, and acquired there his early ed'jcation and commenced 
the study of medicine with Dr. E. E. Duncorab, of St. Thomas; he attended a course of 
lectures at the Medical College of Castleton. Vt. ; went to Ann Arbor, and, after one 
coiu'se in the medical department of the University, returned to Castleton, where he took 
his degree in 1857. He began practice in De Witt, Clinton Co., Iowa, where he re- 
mained until July, 1862, when he was commissioned Assistant Surgeon of the Eighteenth 
Regiment. Iowa Volunteer Infantry, bj' Gov. Samuel J. Kirkwoud: his commission bore 
date August 8. 1N62. and he held his position one year, when he was obliged, by ill- 
health, to resign. In Sejitember, 1868. he came to Romeo, where he has since been en- 
gaged in general ])ractice; he is a member of the American Medical Association, and also 
a meiuber of the Northeastern District Medical Association, of Michigan, of which he has 
been Vice President and Secretary. Dr. Harvey was President of the village of Romeo in 
1865. He was married, in 185U. at Ann Arbor. Mich., to Hattie E., daughter of Isaac 
Pennoyer. of that place; they have four children — two sons and two daughters. His ances- 
tors were Quakers; his father's line came to America fi'om England under the grant to 
William Penn, and settled with the colony on lands included in the celebrated treaty: his 
mother's forefathers came from Holland. 

ORMAN W. HOPKINS was born February 24, 1817, in Middlebury, Genesee Co., 
N. Y. ; is the son of Michael and Sally (Lee) Hopkins, the latter descended from the Lees 
of Revolutionary notoriety; she died in New York in 1828; his father removed his family 



W 



to Washington Township in 1S26, and died three months after his arrival, leaving seven 
childi-en. Mr. Hopkins of this sketch being the sixth. The family remained on their 
father's farm, and he continued there six years, when he moved to the west part of Ro- 
meo; he was among the pioneers and associated with the Indian lads, whose language he 
soon spoke with the fluency of a native; he was married. December 24, 1838, at Romeo, 
to Matilda Turrell, born in Rush, Mom-oe Co., N. Y. ; they have three children — -Merritt A. 
and Emmett (twins) and Eva M. : Merritt married Celestia Snover; Emmett mairied Sarah 
Beach; all reside at Romeo. Mr. Hopkins worked as a mason some years, and, in 1856, 
conjointly with a partner, built a steam grist-mill, which he operated foui- years; he has 
been engaged during the last ten years as au engineer in a grist and saw mill; he spent 
one summer in gold hunting in the Rocky Mountains — a season of pleasure and experi- 
ence, if not of profit; his earliest political views coincided with the principles of the Whig 
party, and since he has been an active supporter of Republican doctrines; has served one 
year as Constable of Romeo; his residence is on Minot street, which has been his home 
sixteen vears. 

STEPHEN SIBLEY HOPKINS, printer, was born at Romeo June 4, 1847; his 
father, Cyrus Hopkins, descendant of the signer of the Declaratiim of Independence (Step 
Hopkins); was a longtime resident of Romeo, and is the subject of a poem, found 
in the poetical chapter in this volume; his mother, M. C. Parker, a native of New York, 
still lives at the village; at the age of fourteen years, Sibley became connected with the 
paper. Romeo Argus, and followed the fortunes of that jiaper through various names and 
administrations for about twenty years, a portion of the time being editor and publisher; 
in the fall of 1881, he removed to the city of St. Clair, and became connected with the Re - 
publiran, which position he still holds. He married, October 20, 1868, Gertrude, daugh- 
ter of ^Yilliam Maj-nard, of Romeo; her parents were natives of Western New York, who 
removed to Michigan in 1844, and have been residents of Romeo for the past twenty years; 
they have had one child born to them, which died in infancy; they are members of the M. 
E. Church and he is Republican in politics. 

JAMES HOSNER was born in Otsego County, N. Y., March 29, 1811, his parents re- 
moved to Monroe Couuty, N. Y'., about 1816; was married to Fanny Spencer in 1882; in 
that year, they moved to Michigan and settled at Clifton, Macomb County, on the present 
site of the Clifton Mills; in 1836. he exchanged his land for a tract owned by Wilkes 
Stuart, in Bruce; on this he remained until within a short time before his death, when 
he moved one-half mile west, in Biiice; he died June 11, 1876. Mrs. Hosner was the 
daughter of iVi-nold and Lavina (Hay den) Spencer: her father was born at East Haddam, 
Conn., in 1788, and died in 1841; her mother was born in 1790. near Boston, Mass., and 
died in 1852. Arnold Spencer was the son of Timothy aud Sarah Spencer. James Hos- 
ner was the son of Hugh and Hannah (Snyder) Hosner, the former born in 1788, in 
Dutchess County, N. Y"., died in 1889. Hannah Hosner was the daughter of Jacob Snyder, 
born in 1785. in Dutchess County, and died in 1S68. Hugh Hosner was the son of Nich- 
olas and Fanny Hosner. Mi-. Hosner of this sketch was the parent of nine children, born 
as follows: William L.. Mav 18. 1885, died December 2, 1856; Fidelia E., January 15, 
1888; Louisa, July 14. 1840. died December 26. 1S40; Daniel A. December 6. 1841; 
Oscar N., July 6, 1844: James R.. June 29. 1846; Emma L.. May 7. 1848. died Septem- 
ber 24, 1876; John E., July 18, 1850; Frank F., March 29, 1858. Mrs. Hosner still re- 
sides on the place where her husband died. Mr. Hosner was Deacon of the Bruce Union 
Chm-ch over twenty years, which he joined in 1845; he was a radical Republican in po- 
litical views. 

RILEY J. HOSNER, son of James and Fanny (Spencer) Hosner, was born in Bruce 
Township June 29, 1846; received his education in the schools of his neighborhood, and 






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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY 



later, attended the Commercial College of Detroit; being of a mechanical turn of mind 
and tastes, and, being disabled for farm labar. he gave his attention to machine work iu 
iroa and brass; this continued in a small shop on the farm for three years, with growing 
success and profit. On the 10th of November. IN? 4. he purchased the machine shop of 
Morton & Hamlin, in Romeo. This business he has jirosecuted with profit to himself and 
satifrfaction to his patrons to the present time; his skill and success are the result of his 
own study and industry, as he has never labored in any shop but his own and served 
no apprenticeship; he has built up a good business in all of its various branches. Mr. 
Hosner is unmarried; a member of the K. of H. and Royal Arcanum, a man of temper- 
ance principles, and, in politics, a Repubican. 

JAMES KEEL was born December 17. 1S21. in Somersetshire. Engand: in 1S80, 
his parents, John and Hannah (Board) Keel, with five children, came to America; they 
went first to Rochester. N. Y.. where they remained until 1S86, and then came to Detroit; 
in 1S8S, Mr. Keel of this sketch came to Clifton, Macomb County, and worked in the Clif- 
ton Mills, until they were destroyed by tire, in 1S44. when he went to Albion, Calhoun 
County, and, two years later, bought a farm of 120 acres, in Oakland, Oakland County, 
where he lived until 1S78; in the fall of that yeiff. he removed to Romeo, being employed 
in the Clifton Mills, which had been rebuilt by Hugh Gray. Mr. Keel cast his first vote 
for James K. Polk, in IS44. and. up to the date of the rebellion, was a Democrat; his last 
Presidential vote on that ticket was for Stephen A. Douglas; since the breaking-out of 
the civil war. he has acted with the Republican party; he was married, in 1S44. to Mary, 
daughter of James East, an old settler of Macomb County; she died in 1S5S. leaving two 
sons and two daughters; he was married again to Leah Pierce, native of England; she 
died October 1. ISSl. Mr. Keel has a residence on St. Clair street; his children are — 
Omar, lives in Bruce; Alma, wife of Eugene Brown, of Addison, Oakland County; Elva, 
wife of John Hipp, and Francis, resides in Kansas. 

ALBERT KENNEDY was born August S, 1S33, in Mendon. Monroe Co., N. Y. He 
is the son of Theoj)hilus P. and Jane Caroline Johnson Kennedy, the former of Scotch 
extraction, and the latter of mingled Irish and Dutch ancestry. His parents settled in 
Macomb County when he was one year old. and located on the farm, which originally in- 
cluded 200 acres, but was afterward divided between his father and brother-in-law. Mr. 
Kennedy was reared there to the age of sixteen, working on the farm summers and attend- 
ing the district school winters. He then placed himself with experienced buildere and 
acquired the details of the joiner's trade, and began work on the Selleck Hotel, east of 
Romeo. 

About two and one-half years later, he returned home and built a house for his 
father, and followed the calling of a builder for many yeai's, and constructed buildings in 
diiFerent parts of the county. In the spring of 18()1, he engaged in the sash and blind 
factoiy of Holraan & Fai-rar. In ISfiS, he and his brother-in-law, Joseph A\'eller. pur- 
chased the factoi-y, which was bm-ned in ISfiS, at a loss to them of $10,000. Within ninety 
days they were again running, and, shortly after, their entire works were in complete order, 
with new and improved machinery. (See chapter on manufactures.) In 1871, Samuel 
Waycott pm'chased the intei-est of Mr. Weller, selling in the spring of ISSO to Mr. Ken- 
nedy, who still continues in the Inisiness. The factory is situated on the corner of Rowles 
and La Fayette streets. Mr. Kennedy cast his first Presidential vote for Fremont, and has 
acted since with the Republican party. In 1S()9. he became a member of the Boai'd of 
Trustees of Romeo, a position he has held for eight years. He was married, February 5, 
1S57, to Sarah Gibbs, a native of Miicomb County. They have thi-ee children — Nettie, 
Josie L. and Eber L. — all residing at home. Mr. Kennedy is a member of the Knights of 
Honor, and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He is held in high estimation by 



0^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COrNTY. 



his townsmen, and resides on Tilson street. His father and mother are living on Bailey 
street, Romeo. The former was born in 18()(i, the latter in LSI 2. 

WATSON LOUD. M. D.. was born July 3, ISOO, at West Hampton, Hampshire Co., 
Mass.: is son of Caleb and Jerusha Clark Loud. His father was born October 5, 1772, 
and died June 11, 1839. His mother was born February 17, 1775, and died May 8, 1851. 
He went to school at Westtield. Mass. January 1, 1828, he began the study of medicine at 
Northampton. In the winter of 1828-29, he attended a coui'Me of lectures at Boston; 
in the fall of 1829-30, he taught school, and, during the summer, acted as Dep- 
uty in the post office at Northampton. In the fall of 1832, he went to Philadelphia 
and attended a winter and summer course of medical lectures, and graduated in July, 
1833, at Jefferson Medical College. He commenced the practice of his profession at Had- 
ley. Mass, in the winter of 1835, where he remained until June 1, 1840: located at La- 
peer, Mich., in October, 1840; he came to Romeo and practiced medicine until 1852; in 
that year, he fonned a copartnership with C. B. Newbm-y, as C. B. Newbury <fe Co., which 
relation existed until 18()5. when he engaged in business with E. C. Newbury, under the 
style of Loud & Newbmy. In 1870, Dr. Loud retired fi-om commercial life, and in 1S73 
commenced operations in insurance. He was married, June 24, 1835, at Northampton, to 
Mary Ann Clark. She was born December 11, 1808, and died February 8, 1876. Four 
of eight childi'en are living: George B. married Helen A. McCandlish. is engaged in the 
nursery business at Romeo; Julia C. is the wife of John Hevenor, a merchant of Lapeer; 
Charles W. is a book-keeper at Grand Rapids, married Sai-ah E, Dodge: Flora M. resides 
with her father. 

D WIGHT N. LOWELL was born in Washington, one mile south of Romeo, January 15, 
1843. His descent on his father's side is traced from Percival, who came to Anierica from 
Bristol, England, in 1639, and settled near Newbtu-yport, Mass. His mother, Lam-a Ewell 
Lowell, was a descendant from John Ewell, who emigi-ated from Scotland in 1751 and settled 
near Scituate, Mass. Mr. Lowell was the youngest of four chikb-en. He spent the summers 
on his father's fai'm and attended the district schools winters until be was twelve years 
old, when the opening of the Dickinson Institute in the new school building at Romeo 
occuiTed, and he attended school there winters until 1S59, when he commenced his i)rep- 
arations for college with Prof. D. J. Poor. He stiidied with him until the end of the 
spring term of l862, going in the fall of that year to Jackson to complete his studies at 
the high school, under the management of Prof. D. B. Briggs; matriculated at the Uni- 
versity of Michigan in September, 1863, and was graduated A. B. Jime 2(i. 18()7. In the 
Senior year, he was elected poet of his class. He delivered a poem on class day. May 29, 
1867, in the Presbyterian Chiu-ch, and was elected as one of the twelve from the class 
numbering forty-three to deliver an oration at the graduating exercises. He spent about 
two months in canvassing for life insurance, and. in September, 1867, entered the law 
ofiSce of Hon. E. F. Mead, at Romeo, where he remained until November, 18(59, He was 
examined in open court, before Judge James S. Dewey, and was admitted to practice June 
15, 1869. The following winter and a part of the summer of 1870. he officiated as Clerk 
of the Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives at Lansing. November 1, 
1869, he opened an office in the third story of the brick block occupied by Giddings, Row- 
ley & Co., his law libraiy cotisisting of Green's Practice and a copy of the compiled laws 
of Michigan. March 10, 1870, he established his business in an office on the second floor 
of Gray's Block, then just completed, where he has since continued. From June 15, 1881 
to November 15 of the same year, he was Chief Clerk of the Sm-veyor General's office at 
Yankton, D. T. Politically, he is a Republican, and has held the position of Circuit Com-t 
Commissioner one term: has been Clerk of Romeo three terms, and a short time acted 
as Treasiu-er of that village. He was for some time Secretary of the Macomb County 



Fl® ^ 



v 



L^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Agricultviral Society, and is now President of the village of Romeo, and Prosecuting At- 
torney of Macomb County, having been appointed by Judge Stevens May 2(5, 1882, 
to till the unexpired term of I. D. Hanscom. The Lowells are descendants from Percival 
Lowell — originally spelled Lowle — who came from Bristol, England, with his wife, Re- 
becca, and sons, John and Richard, and daughter, Joanna. Percival was the eldest son 
of a Richard Lowell, son of John Lowle, who maiTied a Percival and drew his descent 
thi'ough eight generations, by the eldest son of each, from Walter Lowle, of Yardley, in 
county of Worcester, England. Dwight N. Lowell is the youngest son of Nelson Lowell, . 
born March 31, ISIO, who was the son of Josiah Lowell, born in 1755. who was the son 
of David Lowell, Sr., burn in 1710, who was the son of John, born 1682, son of Benjamin, 
born lf)42, son of John, born 1595. His grandfather's grandfather came from England, 
but whether he was the John or Richard above, or a son of one of them, is not known, 
as each was mairied when they emigrated to this country. The fii'st settlement was made 
bv Percival and his two sons in Newbui'y, Mass., in 1639, and all the Lowells in this 
country, so far as can be traced, claim their ancestry from this point. The change in the 
family name was made by the Rev. John Lowell, the first ordained minister of Newbury- 
port, and consisted in a change of spelling, as indicated, from Lowle to Lowell. 

AARON B. MAYNARD was born in Peru, Windham Co., Vt, October 22, 1816. He 
is the son of Timothy and Sarah Wliitman Maynard. His grandfather was a native of 
Massachusetts. In his early years, his parents went to Washington County, N. Y., and 
when he was sixteen they moved to Saratoga County. Two years later, they went to Cam- 
bridge, Yt. He fitted for college at Jericho, and entered Middlebm-y College in 1836, 
remaining dmung the fall and winter terms, going the next spring to the L'niversity of 
Vermont, at Biu-lingtou. where he spent two years. He went to Talbot County, Md. , and 
passed three years as a tutor in two families, and reading for his profession as opportunity 
served He returned to Vermont in PS41 and studied law with Albert G. Whittemore, 
and, in the fall of 1842, was admitted to the bar of Chittenden County, and opened an 
office at Richmond, in that county. He was maiTied, October 12, 1843, to Julia Edmunds, 
sister of Senator Edmunds, of Vermont. He practiced law in that State until 1855, when 
he removed to Michigan and established his business at Detroit. 5Ii'. jNIaynard has a 
wide celebrity in civil practice, and is rated as one of the most successful jury lawyers in 
the State. He was United States District Attorney during the administration of Grant, 
and is still in practice. He has a tine farm of 150 acres in Raj', where he spends much 
time, and where are the tinest farm buildings in the county. His family have resided at 
Romeo since 1855. His daughters, Mrs. E. W. Meddaugh and Mrs. John B. Dyar. reside 
in Detroit. 

HARVEY MELLEN was born in Middlebury, Genesee Co., N. Y.. April 3, 1822. 
His parents. Leander and Cynthia (Selleck) Mellen, were both born in Hubbardton, Vt. 
His father died in Lenox. Macomb County, in 18()4. The family came to this county in 
1837, settled in Washington, and, in 1841. located on a farm of 1(>0 acres in Lenox, the 
old homestead, where his mother is now living. Since the age of twelve, Mr, Mellen has 
received six months' schooling. There were nine children in his father's family, and, be- 
ing in straitened circumstances, they all had to aid in the general welfare. At eighteen, 
he left home to earn his own living. In May, 1840, he joined a party under the manage- 
ment of Judge Bui-t, who was making public siuweys in the Upper Peuinsvila, and ope- 
rated with them four years. In 1S48, he made a Government contract for public siuweys 
in the iron region of Manjuette. He was compassman in the corps of Judge Burt when 
the discovery of iron was made. His contracts were renewed from year to year. He spent 
his winters in working as a carpenter. He was married, in 1849, to Elizabeth, daughter 
of Michael Bowerman, a native of Ontario County, N. Y., and reared in Washington. 




4 




b^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Her father was a pioneer settler of Macomb County. Soon after this event, he located on 
a farm three miles northeast, in Bruce, and pursued farming, which he has carried on 
since, in addition to his other business. In 1870, he engaged in lumbering, in company 
with Henry Stephens, at Fish Lake (now Stephens). Three years after, he sold his in- 
terest to his partner. Previous to this, he had been engaged seven years in lumbering iu 
Tmlay, Lapeer County. While on the farm, he managed his Government contracts simi- 
mers, and his himbering interests winters. He has a large mill on Otsego Lake, Otsego 
Co., Mich., which has a capacity of 40,000 feet per day. Mr. Mellen is a Democrat, and 
has always voted the general ticket, but consults his own judgment in many things con- 
nected with politics. He served as Supervisor of Bruce in 1851 and 1852; in the spring 
of 1881, was again elected to the same office over his competitor, who had held the office 
twenty-five years. He has run twice for State Legislatvire, and once for Senator. Mr. 
and Mrs. Mellen have lost one son, Herschel H.. who died at the age of three years. The 
daughters are Helen E., who has been engaged as teacher in the public schools about 
eight years; Sarah J., wife o^ Henry Stephens, Jr. .of St. Helens, Roscommon Co. , Mich. ; 
and Marian. 

HON. JOHN N. MELLEN was born in the town of Gerry, Chautauqua Co., N. Y., 
September 30, 1831. His father, Leander Mellen, was born at Shaftsbiu-y, Bennington 
Co.. Vt. . February 17, 1797. The family removed to Macomb County in 1837 and settled 
in Washington Township, and in 1841, removed to Lenox Township. Mr. Mellen received 
a thorough common- school education, and in 1869, settled in Romeo, in his present home. 
From 1847 to 1853, he was actively engaged in the Government sm'veys of the Upper 
I'eninsula, and explored the wild and pictiuresque scenery of the upper lake region. Soon 
after this, he made a two-years' visit to the Pacific coast, and made himself familiar with 
the manners and customs of the people of that wild region; also was one of the Richard- 
son party of the topographical survey of Northern California, Oregon and Washington Ter- 
ritory; in 1857, was engaged in the Government siu'vey at the head of the Red River of 
the North, in Minnesota, and in 18(50, in Wisconsin. He was employed in the early sui'- 
veys of Dakota Territory, under G. D. Hill, Surveyor General. Since then, he has spent 
much time in exploring the unsettled portions of our own State and Wisconsin, in search 
of pine and mineral lands, in which he is sn explorer and dealer. In 1881 and 1882, he 
was engaged on the Government survey of the Territory of Dakota. In 1870, he was 
elected Senator for the Twenty-third Senatorial District of this State. He was married, 
March 7, 1860, to Lucy M. French, who was born in Erie County, Peun. , April 30, 1838. 
Her parents were natives of Wyoming County. N. Y., and came to Macomb in 1842, and 
were residents of Lenox Township for thirty years. The children of Mi', and Mrs. Mellen 
are Jennie L., born August 16, 1864; Ira and Ila, twins, born November 1, 1868; Margie 
H., born at Romeo July 22, 1870; Leander Harvey, born at Romeo August 26, 1872: 
John M.. born at Romeo June 10, 1876. Mr. Mellen is a member of the Democratic party. 

DANIEL MILLER was born February 18, 1798, at Brookfield, Madison Co.. N. Y. 
He was left motherless when a child, and at the age of eight years was sent to Sherbiu-ne, 
Chenango Co., N. Y. October 16, he went to Covington, Genesee Co., N. Y., and re- 
mained until the age of twenty-thi-ee. He had to depend upon himself, and worked his 
nwn way in the world, which left him little time and opportunity for obtaining an educa- 
tion, in 1819, he married Miss Lueinda Hulbm-t, a native of Vermont, and in 1822 lo- 
cated in the township of Washington. He is the oldest married man who came to the 
county. At that time, there was but one house in Romeo. After spending ten years on a 
farm in Washington, he bought one of nearly two hundred acres in Macomb, where he 
resided about thirty years. His wife died in 1842, leaving four childi-en — Eveline, now 
Mrs. D. Cowles; William M., married Lorinda Austin; Marian M., now Mrs. N. R. Sut- 
41 



'f^ 



,^ 



ton; and Nelson M., married Caroline Dixon, residing at Ml. Clemens. Mr. Miller was 
married, in 1N4'2. to Miss Hannah Wheeler. He moved to Romeo in ISCu, and in 18n9 
bought his present residence on Benjamin street. His wife died in 1.S73. He was a 
third time married, in 1873, of Mrs. Joanna Smith, daughter of Jacob Beekmau. Mr. 
Miller was a Democrat about thirty years of his life, but later he became a Republican. 
He has been a member of the Methodist Church sixty-four years. Mrs. Miller is a mem- 
ber of the same chiu'ch. Mr. Miller has experienced all the vicissitudes of pioneer life, 
and observed and participated in the advancement of this portion of the country to its 
present creditable and prosperous state. He is a zealous temperance advocate; was a sol 
dier of the war of 1812; enlisted in 1S14, just before it closed, for which service he re- 
ceived a pension under act of March U, 1878. His religion is of a tyj)e that will and has 
endured the test of trial. 

J. R. MORLAND was born May 3. 1839, in town of Berlin, St. Clair Co., Mich. His 
parents were natives of Ii'eland. His father died in the year 1858, and his mother is now 
living at Romeo, at the age of sixty-thi'ee years. In 1840, Mr. Morland came to this 
country, and received his education at the public schools, and was bred a farmer until he 
was twenty-two years of age. He enlisted in the war of the rebellion January 7, 18(')2, 
as a sharp-shooter; served three years; his period of enlistment expired just before the 
close of the war. He was in the following engagements; Yorktowu, Hanover Court 
House, Gaines" Hill, Malvern Hill, and all through the seven-days' battle before Richmond. 
Chancellorsville, Alder, Middlesbiu-g, Gettysburg. His regiment marched forty miles in 
one day. reaching Gettysburg in time to help check the advance forces of the rebels, and. 
after the battle of Gettysburg was over, drove the retreating rebels across the Rappahan 
nock. The next engagement was at Mine Run, and then the regiment fell back to the 
Rappahannock River and went into winter quarters. The next engagement was in the 
spring of 18fi4. the battle of the Wilderness, which lasted three days; and next a flank 
movement was made to Laurel Hill, where they encountered the rebel force and fought 
them two days, and the second day the battle lasted until 10 o'clock in the evening, and 
ended in a hand-to-hand contest in the darkness. The regiment's next engagements were 
at Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor, Petersburg. Erecting large forts on the lines of breast- 
work, they were under fire at the latter place about sixty days, and next made a flank 
movement and captured and held the Waldon Railroad. The next engagement was near 
South Side Railroad, where they succeeded in routing the enemy, and captured a fort, 
with a loss of Col. Walsh, commanding his regiment; he was struck with a rifle ball in 
the head and killed instantly. This was the last engagement. Mr. Morland's time of 
enlistment expired shortly, and he was honorably discharged January 20, 1865, and re- 
turned to Romeo, and, after a short visit to Oil City, retvu'ned. He bought a half inter- 
est in a general mercantile enterprise, in which he was engaged about thirteen years, when 
he disposed of his interest, and, shortly after, embarked in the hardware trade, in 1878. 
He has a full line of goods; carries a large stock, and is having a reasonably successful 
trade. He has always been a Republican, and acted with the party. He was elected Vil- 
lage Marshal for four years; was married, January 25, 1872, to Avis Humphrey, a native 
of Almont, Lapeer Co., Mich. They have four children — Myrtle, Howard, Grace and 
Lue. His residence is on First street, Romeo, Mich. 

MATHEW atORTON, son of James Morton, a native of Scotland, was born in Ayi-- 
shire May 5, 1830; at the age of eight years, emigrated to America with his parents, set- 
tling on Section 7, Armada, where he resided until attaining his majority, attending the 
schools of the locality. His tastes and inclinations were mechanical, and the leisure time 
of his youth was spent in the study and erection of some piece of machinery, often to the 
vexation and against the wishes of his father. Soon after arriving at age, he engaged in 



#♦ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the business of foundry and machine-sho]> at Armada Village about one year; from here 
he removed to Lapeer City.'engaLjing on a larger scale in the same business (building and 
repairing engines), which he continued fourteen years, a portion of the time in connection 
with other parties: in 1871. he removed to Romeo and engaged in engine and railroad 
work, in eompaay with A. Hamblin: his first engine was built in 181)1, for a party in La- 
peer City, on a conditional contract: when it was completed, it filled all the conditions, 
and is still in use: he made the drafts and patterns, melted the iron and executed the 
mechanical work, and set it running unassisted; on the completion of his first marine 
engine, the contracting parties made him a voluntary bonus of $100; in 18(0, he made an 
improvement in the engine of a fioiuing-mill in Detroit, by which a saving was gained of 
half in fuel, and more than half in time; upon two weeks' notice, he invented and made a 
machine with which he bored out fom- cylinders for locomotives in twenty hours — a saving of 
75 per cent in time, and making as fine a job as could be made in any lathe. In 187-'), 
the company (Morton i^: Hamblin) removed their business in St. Clair, and continued for 
three and a half years, retm-niug at that time to Eomeo. In May, 1S7U, he invented a 
check valve, on which he was granted letters patent, and soon after a company was 
organized for this manufacture, which, together with the manufacture of tread-powers, 
upon which he also secured a patent, forms the work of the company at the present time; 
the valves are now used upon the rolling-mills at Cleveland, Ohio, the Mississippi, in Col- 
orado and Australia, and are veiT popular. 1VL-. Hamblin retired from the firm in 1879. 
Mr. Morton was married, July 4, ISaO, to Sarah T., daughter of Lorenzo and Harriet 
Strong, of Lapeer City, born April 29, 1841 : the fi'uit of this marriage has been Han-iet, 
born April 3, 18(i0, manied J. Milliken and lives in Lapeer County; Henry E., born Sep- 
tember l(i, 1863; and Mason, born August 29. 1S73. Both Mr. and Mrs. Morton connected 
themselves with the Protestant Methodist Church in 1859, and are still in sympathy with it. 
FREEDOM MUNROE was born January 24. 1796. in Dutchess County, N. Y. ; is 
son of Lemuel and Anna (Potter) Munroe. His father was of Highland Scotch descent, 
and was a soldier in the Revolution, and fought through sis campaigns; he was also in 
the wai- of 1812. and fought at Queenstown. He died at Howell, Livingston County, in 

1853. aged ninety-six years: his wife died a few years previous. Mr. Munroe's parents 
moved to Otsego. N. Y.. when he was six yeai-s old. and six years after to Bloomfield, On- 
tario County. In bS16. he went to Cincinnati, Ohio, retxuming after a short time to 
Bloomfield and remained with his parents until 1824. In the spring of that year, he 
came to Michigan, crossing Lake Erie in the steamer Superior, the only one then run- 
ning. He located in Bruce and took up 160 acres of land, built a shanty and lived alone 
two and a half years. He was married, in 1827, to Mary E. Cooper, of Lima. N. Y. They 
had seven daughters and three sons, all of whom are living. His wife died October 8, 

1854. and he was again married. September 30. 1867, to Mrs. Lucinda Doty, of Ohio. In 
1868. he sold his farm and came to Romeo, where he now resides, with his daughter, 
Charlotte H.. wife of Ephraim Vanburger. He is eighty-six years old; cast his first Pres- 
idential vote for Harrison, and joined the Republican party on its formation. He served 
a term as Postmaster of Bruce; never used tobacco in any form. 

DEXTER MUSSEYwas born in Worcester County, Mass., January 12, 1811. He 
is the son of Eli and Persis Prontey Mussey. whose ancestors were the first settlers in that 
county and State. He was reared there, and educated as liberally as the facilities of that 
day allowed, and spent five jears in Lowell. Mass. In the fall of 1836. he came to 
Michigan, and in January, 1837, settled at Romeo. In 1845, he entered public life, and 
was elected Justice of the Peace, which office he has filled continuously ever since. In 
1854. he was elected by the Republicans to represent this district in the Legislature, re- 
taining the position for eight years. In the sessions of 1861 and 1862, he served as 



*7^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Speaker of the House. He was Collector of Internal Revenue for this district during the 
war, and was actively engaged in local politics. He was a raelnber of the Constitutional 
Convention of lSt)7, to revise the constitution of the State. He has acquired much pojni- 
larity in his native neighborhood, and all throughout the State, through his disinterested 
eiiorts for the permanent benelit of the people. He was married, in I83(). m Lowell, 
Mass., to Lydia Russell. They have three sons and three daughters. Mr. Mussey was 
chosen Deacon of the Congi'egational Chm-ch of Romeo in 1838. 

CHARLTON B. NEWBURY, deceased, was born June 9, 180'J, at Mansfield, Tolland 
Co., Conn. About the year 1832, he went to Amherst, Mass.. and in 1840 settled at 
Romeo, where he spent the remainder of his life. October 2, 183], he man-ied Mary H. 
James, of Brooklyn, Conn., and they had a family of four children, rearing three of them 
to maturity. Mr. Newbury came to Romeo with Nathan Dickinson, an old settler and 
prominent business citizen of Romeo, and they formed a copartnership with E. W. Gid- 
dings. under the style of Dickinson, Giddings & Co., which existed about eight years. 
.On the dissolution of the tirm, Mi'. Newbury established his well-known mercantile house, 
and in 1852, associated with himself Watson Loud. In 18(35, Mr. Newbury retired, and 
Edward C. Newbury, his son, became junior partner of the concern. Five years later, 
Charles F. Newlsury pm-chased the interest of Mr. Loud, and the firm of Newbury Bros, 
was organized. This is a business house of known and tested probity. Their stock com- 
prises a large and line assortment of dry goods, carpets and clothing, representing a capital 
of $20,000. Edward C. Newbury, senior member of the tirm of Newbury Bros. , was born 
November 13, 1838, at Amherst, Mass., and came to Romeo with his parents. He was 
educated there, and received his business training in his father's store, to the proprietorship 
of which, with his brother, he eventually succeeded. He was married, September 14, 18(54, 
to Lucy Doan, of Kenosha, Wis. They have three daughters. Mr. Newbury has always 
been a Republican. Chai'les F. Newbury was born August 19, 1845, at Romeo, where he 
obtained his education and grew to manhood. He was clerk with Loud & Newbury live 
years, and ar'terward purchased the interest of the former. He was married, at Kenosha, 
Wis., May 8, 18(57, to Ella M. Doan. He has always been a Republican, and in 187(5 was 
elected Warden of the village fii'e department; at present, is First Assistant Engineer of 
the Romeo steamer. 

GEORGE P. NEWBURY, son of Elihu and Rhoda (Phelps) Newbury, was born No- 
vember 24, 1817, in Oneida County, N. Y. His parents were natives of Connecticut. He 
was reared to the age of fifteen in New York, and, in the autumn of 1832, went to Detroit, 
remaining until the summer of 1833, when he went to the city of New York. There he 
engaged in the coast service about six years, meanwhile making a trip to London. In the 
autumn of 1841, he came to Romeo, where he has since resided, with the exception of two 
years, which he spent on the lakes. In ]845, he learned harness -making, in which bus- 
iness he has since been engaged. He was married in New York, to Active C. Boynton, 
a native of Oswego County, N. Y. After her death Mr. Newbmy was married again, to 
Rebecca Ann Scramlin, of Macomb County. They have six children — John S.. George E., 
Minnie P.. Alfred M., Fannie E. and Margaret A. — all at home but the eldest, who is in 
Detroit. Mr. Newbm-y was an adherent of the Whig party until the fusion of political 
elements in which it was merged, when he became a Democrat. Dm'ing the rebellion, he 
was special agent of the Provost Marshal, looking after deserters. He has been a member 
of the Board of Village Trustees. 

JOHN F. NICHOLS was born March 9, 1809, in Fort Ann, Washington Co., N. Y.: 
he was married, March 29, 1832. to Louise Terril, born June 12, 181(5, in Pittsford, Mon- 
roe Co., N. Y, ; their children were born as follows: Fidelia, July 1, 1834; Ham-iet, De- 
cember 3, 183(5; David, March 13, 1838; Isabell, April 14, 1840; James, November 16, 



.> 



1842; John F., Julv 1. 1S45; Georgiana, February 4. 1S4S: Manless. March IS, 1851; 
Thyrza, November 17. 1S58: Wallace, April 28, "l 857. Elisha Nichols, father of the 
above, was born January 10, 1778: his wife, Mary Hyde Nichols, was born September 8, 
1776; her maiden name was Bolton; she married Rawsel Hyde, and had one child — An- 
nie. Mr. and Mrs. Nichols moved from Middlebury, Genesee Co., N. Y., September 8, 
1824, and reached Detroit September 1 1 ; they settled at Curtiss Corners, Shelby. Macomb 
County. Ml'. N. died January 2U, 1S47; Mrs. N. died August 10, 1851; their children 
were born as follows: Huldah, April 2, 17119; Lucinda, October 211. 1802; Philena, Sep- 
tember 6, 1808; William, February 6. 1805; Weltha, July 21, 1806; Daniel B., 
September 30, 1807; John F., Mai-ch 1), 18011, died April 14. 1878; Ona, October 7, 1810: 
Minerva, July 12, 1811. 

ISAAC N. OWEN was born in Genesee County. N. Y., November 12, 1823; is son of 
Abijah and Sally (Davis) Owen. In June. 1825, his father settled in Shelby. Macomb 
Co., Mich., taking a farm of eighty acres, where he resided until his death, in 1837. His 
mother reared seven of a family of nine children, on the farm which passed into the hands 
of her son, L. D. Owen, of Romeo, with whom she resided until the end of her life, in 
September, 1880. At the age of thirteen, Mr. Owen, of this sketch, began to learn the 
chair-maker's trade at Rochester, Oakland County, at which he worked several years, after- 
ward learning the business of a wood-turner, which he piu-sued twenty years. In 1861, 
he enlisted in Brady's Sharp-shooters, commanded by Col. Dygart, of Detroit, and attached 
to the Sixteenth Michigan Infantry. He was discharged in Febraary, 1863, having been 
disabled June 27, 1862, in the swamps of the Chickahominy. He receives a pension. 
Mr. Owen was a Democrat at the outbreak of his political career, but has adopted the 
principles and measui-es of the Republican party. He has served as Deputy Sheriff of 
Macomb County two years, and for several tei-ms as Constable, which office he still holds; 
also was Assistant Census Marshal in 1870. He was married, September 5. 18r)7. to Mind- 
well A. Tindall, a native of Michigan, and the following yeai', built his present residence 
on Bailey street. Mi-. Owen came to this county among the pioneers, and has ob- 
served its gi-adual development from its primeval condition to its present prosperous state. 
There were Indians in those days, and the younger aborigines were the playfellows among 
their peers in years among the white settlers. 

AMOS PALMER was born January 2(). 1810, at Granville, Washington Co., N. Y. ; 
is son of Amos and Laura White Palmer, the former a native of Connecticut, the latter 
born in New Y'ork. Both died in the Empire State at an advanced age. Mr. Palmer 
spent the first twenty-five years of his life in Granville, and, in the autumn of 1835, lo- 
cated at Romeo, Mich. His first business enterprise was in wagon-making, which he pur- 
sued one year. In 1838, he established a cabinet-shop, which he operated successfully, 
and sold out a prosperous business in May, 1881. His brother. Abijah Palmer, was asso- 
ciated with him twelve years. He is now engaged in the manufactm-e of patent window- 
shades, of which he is making a specialty. He belongs to the Republican party. He was 
man-ied, in September, 1835. in the State of New York, to Lydia M. Felch, who died in 
August, 1836. In 1837. Mr. Palmer was married to Ruth Barker. Their only surviving 
son, Amos W. Palmer, resides ^t Romeo; married Lucretia Dake; they have one daugh- 
ter. A son, John B. , died at Milwaukee in 1859, aged twenty-one years. Mr. Palmer's 
residence is in the north part of the village. 

IRA S. PEARSALL was born August 1. 1810, in Cayuga County. N. Y. He is the 
son of Henry and Phcebe Sommerton Pearsall, the former a native of Saratoga County. N. 
Y.. and the latter of Connecticut. They had a family of four sons and two daughters, 
and in 1831 they settled in Troy, Oakland Co.. Slich. ilr. Pearsall was in a law office in 
Moravia, Cayuga County, six years, and, on coming to Michigan, he settled in Washington 

g' 'J' . 

Vis— — ^-- " s «) Pv 



l^ 



HI8T011Y OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Township, and engaged in mercantile business; afterward located a farm in Shelby, where 
lie lived for thirty-fom- years, engaged in agricultiu-al and other pursuits. He carried the 
mail for two years fi-om Koyal Oak, Oakland County, through Rochester, Orion, Oxfortl and 
Metamora to Lapeer, which place he furnished with all the mail received there. He went on 
horseback, and was also engaged extensively in stage contracts, driving from Port Huron to 
Lexington and Port Sanilac. In this he continued for four ye;irs. In 1 SHU, he gave his farm 
to his children and came to Romeo, where he was connected with the stage mail routes 
through this part of the State. He was married, in 1835, to Celia White, a native of New 
York, and moved to Cleveland, Ohio; she died in 1867. They had three children — Dwight 
E., married Mary Smith, of Missouri, and lives on the homestead; Adelia W., wife of John 
M. Snook, of New York City, resides at Jackson, Mich.; Celia A., died at thirteen years of 
age. Politically, Mi\ Peai-sall was in early life a Whig, but identified himself with the 
Republican party, and, though not an oliice-seeker, has always taken a lively interest in 
politics. He has been connected with the Masonic and Odd Fellow orders many years. 
He was married, in 1809, to Augusta V. Lake, a native of Macomb County. Mi-. Pearsall 
is a highly respet^ted citizen of the county, and is spending the latter days of his life in 
well-eaincd coiiifort. His residence is on Benjamin street. 

JAMES PHELPS was born October 2, 1821, in Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y. He was 
the son of David and Mary Merritt Phelps. They moved to Michigan October 24, 1829, 
and bought I <30 acres of land, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Of their 
family of nine children, three are living. The father died in Romeo, in April, 1808; the 
mother, in February, 1800. Mr. Phelps remained on hie father's farm until he was 
twenty-seven years old, when he went to Lapeer County, on a farm in Dryden, 180 acres, 
where he remained fom'teen years. He was married, December 30, 1848. to Esther Dus- 
ing, and, after leaving Dryden, moved to Washington, on the farm owned by his wife's 
mother, then a widow, adding to it other land adjoining. The family moved thither to 
take care of Mi's. Dusing in her old age, and resided there eighteen years. In Februai'y, 
1881, he l)uught his present residence on Benjamin street. His political views are of the 
Independent stripe. He represents the issues of no party, and votes as his judgment dic- 
tates, irrespective of part}'. Mr. and Mrs. Phelps have reared three children — Christina 
M.,now Mi-s. Smith Taft; Helen E. and Eugene V. John J. died December 24, 1851, and 
Frederick died October 4, 1855. 

IRA F. PRATT was born August 29, 1844, at Romeo, Mich. He is the son of Ariel 
and Harriet Hopkins Pratt His father was born November 12, ISOl, at Bridgewater, Vt. ; 
went early in life to Middlebuiy, Genesee Co., N. Y., and was there married. May 18, 
1820, to Harriet M. Ho2:)kins. He went to Eden, Erie Co., N. Y., and afterward came to 
Romeo, where he opened a general store. After a few years, he engaged in farming in 
Bruce, two miles north of Romeo, where he remained until 1858; retiu'ued to Romeo and 
stayed until 1802, when he sold his farm and moved to Laingsbiu'g, Shiawassee County. 
In 1NG4, he went to Lansing, and, foiu- years later, to Cedar Creek, Muskegon County, 
where he died on his farm, October 1, 1870. He had two sons and two daughters: the 
daughters are deceased. Mr. Pratt, of this sketch, was brought up and educated at 
Romeo. At the age of nineteen, he entered a dry goods house at Detroit as a clerk, but, 
after two months, went to Laiugsburg, Shiawassee County, where he embarked in mer- 
cantile business with his brother. Emory A. Pratt, under the firm style of E. A. & I. F. 
Pratt. In 1S04, they sold out and went to Lansing, and opened a drug store under the 
name of Pratt Bros. They were burnt out in the spring of ISO*), but immediately started 
business again. I. F. Pratt sold out April 1, 1806, came to Romeo and went into trade in com- 
pany with T. A. Smith. After three years, he engaged with Mr. Smith on a salary, and in 
1N7-I bought out the crockery store of Caleb Nye, where he has since been in business. 



' ^ a 



fc. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



He has built up a prosperous trade, and carries a finely selected, valuable stock of goods. 
He was mairied. April 5, 1865, to Cornelia A. Prentiss, daughter of Azariah Prentiss. 
They have three sons — Clarence A. I., Frank and Herbert P. They have buried one 
child. Alfred D.. who died in infancy. Mr. Pratt is a Republican. His residence is on 
St. Clair street. 

JAMES E. PRICE was born October IS, 1830, in Washington Township. His par- 
ents. Peter and Emma (Hopkins) Price, were old settlers in the county, coming here fi-om 
New York in 1824. Peter Price came to Washington when he was seventeen years old, 
and married a sister of Ormau W. Hopkins, of Romeo. He purchased a farm of 160 acres 
from the Government August 1, 1S31. patented by Andrew -Jackson. In 1838, he removed 
his family to Romeo, where he engaged in mercantile business under the tii-m style of 
Pratt & Price. This relation existed until 1844. In the spring of that year, he started 
a foundiy in Almont, which he operated until 1850, when he moved on the old Philip 
Price farm, three miles south of Romeo. January 2, 1868, he went to Bronson, Branch 
County, where he died in October, 1873, in his sixty-seventh year. His wife is now living 
with her son, aged seventy-two. Mr. Price, of this sketch, was associated with his father 
in the foundry at Almont, and, in the spring of 1850, went to Rochester, Oakland County, 
and entered the employ of -Jennings & Bro.. merchants, and remained until November, 
1853, when he went to California. After about two years in the gold regions, he returned, 
in June. 1855. He spent a few months in Wisconsin, and then returned to the employ of 
Jennings & Bro. at Rochester. He was married, in November, 1857, to Ella Duncan, a 
native of this county, who died July 26, 1861. They had a daughter, the wife of Elliott 
R. Wilcox, of Pontiac, Oakland County. In April, 1859, he went a second time to Cali- 
fornia, and returned to his old employ at Rochester April 15, 1861, coming to Romeo Sep- 
tember 15, 1862, going into company with O. W. Hopkins in crockery and gi-ocery store. 
He sold out February 20, 1863, and afterward opened a store in the frame building south 
of the Commercial House, where he did business twenty months. April 22, 1865, he bought 
the premises where he is now located, called the Chapman property. Here he was mar- 
ried again. September 10, 1867, to Lucy A. Van Blarcom, of Newton, New Jersey. They 
have one daughter, Lulu A., twelve years old. Mi'. Price has always been a Republican. 
From 1870 to 1874, he was Village Trustee; resides on Chandler street. 

AARON B. RAWLES, deceased, was born April 14, 1812, near Albany, N. Y. His 
mother was born in New England; his father was of English descent. Mr. Rawles was 
brought up and educated in Albany, and served an apprenticeship in the crockery and 
glass store of Henry L. Webb. At the age of twenty, he came to Detroit and engaged in 
the di'ug store of -John Truax. While there, he was one of the organizers of a young men's 
society devoted to literary pursuits. In 1834. he came to Romeo and opened a general 
merchandise house, which he operated a few years and closed, engaging in the purchase 
of i)ine lands. He owned a mill north of Almont, where he manufactured a great amount 
of lumber. Three years after, he disposed of his lumber interests and opened a hardware 
store at Romeo, which he managed as long as he lived. Mr. Rawles took a zealous, active 
interest in politics and temperance, and was concerned in all matters pertaining to the 
public welfare. He was Commissioner for the construction of the turnpike road from 
Capae to Clyde, St. Clair Ccfunty; was County Coroner several terms; was delegate in 
county and State conventions on several occasions, and always shunned wire-pulling and 
trickeiy of political factions. He was an adherent of the Republican pai-ty after the decline 
of the Whigs, whose principles he previously adopted. He was a radical in temperance 
affairs, and never lost an opportunity to further the cause. When he traveled, he patron- 
ized temperance houses, and built the American House at Romeo, inDecember; 1837, with 
the intention of establishing a temperance hotel, but sold it before completion. He was 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



one of the pi'ojectors, stockholders and Directors <>t the plank road from Romeo to Detroit 
via Mt. Clemens, which was an opening for this entire section of country. He was mar- 
ried, N .vember 13, 1S38, to Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob Beekman, a pioneer of Macomb 
Coimty. They had six childi'en, live of whom are living -Henry and Jacob B., twins, 
Aaron B., James D. and Caroline. Jacob is a Major in the United States Army: Aaron 
resides at Cadillac, Mich. ; James D. lives at Boston, Mass. ; Caroline resides with her 
mother at the family residence on St. Clair street, built in 1872, and not completed at the 
time of the death of Mr. Rawlos, April 4, 1872. He was early in life an attendant upon 
the Episco|ial Church, but eventually connected himself with the Congi'egational Church 
at Romeo. Mrs. Rawles is in her sixtieth year. 

HENRY RAWLES, son of Aaron B. and Elizabeth (Beekman) Rawles, was born at 
Romeo August 4, 1839, in the old frame building on Main street, where his father kept 
store and resided. He was brought up and educated at Romeo, and in 1857 went into 
business with his father, continuing with and succeeding to him on his death, April 4, 
1872. He is engaged in the hardware business, and carries a complete stock of stoves, 
tinwai'e and hardware, representing a cash value tf $10,000. He also does a large amount 
of business in agricultural implements. Mr. Rawles is a Republican, and cast his first 
vote for Abraham Lincoln in 1860. In 1876, he was a member of the Village Board of 
Trustees, and has served one term as Marshal. He was mai-ried, June 16, 18/9, to Miss 
M. M. Seymoiu", of Marquette, Mich. They have one son, upward of two years old. 

D. H ROWLEY was born in Livingston County, N. Y, April 18. 1831. He is the 
son of Hezekiah and Clarissa Anthony Rowley, the latter a native of Connecticut, the for- 
mer of New York. Mr. Rowley was educated at New Haven, Conn., and in Oakland 
County, Mich., whither his father removed in 1835. In 1839, on the death of his mother, 
he was sent to Connecticut, remaining with his relatives there for two years. In 1845, he 
entered the dry goods establishment of his father at Orion, Oakland County, where he 
acquired experience preparatory to his present business enterprise. In 1853, he settled at 
Romeo and entered the employ of M. A. Giddings as a clerk, where he remained for ten 
years. In 1863, he went to Pennsylvania and engaged in oil interests, which he operated 
successfully, returning to Romeo in 1869, and formed a copartnership with Mr. Giddings, 
which still continues. Mr. Rowley is a Republican; has acted for two years as President 
of the village, and two years as Trustee of Romeo. He was tendered the position of 
Cashier of the First National Bank at its organization, but, being in oil transactions in 
Pennsylvania, declined. He was married, in Oakland County, in 1852, to Eliza A., daugh- 
ter of Needham Hemingway, a prominent, citizen and early settler in that county. They 
have three children — E. P. Rowley, eldest son, is a lawyer in Detroit; Bruce M. is Gov- 
ernment Clerk in the office of the Surveyor General at Yankton, D. T.; Helen, the only 
daughter, resides at home. 

HENRY O SMITH was born January 1, 1817, at Hatfield, Hampshire Co.. Mass. 
He is the son of Obadiah and Susan Norton Smith, the former a native of Hadley, Mass., 
and the latter of Ashtield, same State. Mr. Smith lived at Hatfield until the age of four- 
teen, where and at Amherst he acquired his education. He was in the mercantile house 
of Sweetser & Cutter, of the latter place, nine years previous lo his settling in Romeo in 
1840. Here he remained twelve years, serving some time as clerk with N. Dickinson & 
Co., and afterward was associated in business with M. A. Giddings for several years. In 
1852, he commenced mercantile operations at Armada, under the style of Lathrop & Smith, 
which continued four or five years, when he formed a business connection with Dr. John 
S. Smith. In the fall of 1858, he was elected County Clerk, and went to Mt. Clemens, 
and continued to discharge the duties of his office six years, being twice re-elected. In 
the autumn of 1864, he was elected Judge of Probate, and, after a service of three months, 



^^ — ®Pv ' 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



resigned, and was recalled to Romeo to All tbe position of Cashier of the First National 
Bank, which he still iiolds. In the days when the Whig party existed, Mi-. Smith sup- 
ported its measures, but, on the organization of the Republican party, he identified him- 
self with it, and has ever since advocated and sustained its principles. He was married, 
in December, 1843. at Armada, to Jane M. M., daughter of Edward Lathrop, of Armada. 
They have four daughters and three sons. Mr. Smith is attending carefully to the educa- 
tion of his children, and securing for them the best advantages. His entire family be- 
long to the Congregational Church. He has owned a line residence on West St. Clair 
street since 1865. 

EDWARD S. SNOVER. son of Frederick and Charlotte (Squier) Snover, was born 
in Warren County, N. J., April 5, 1813. His paternal ancestry was of German origin, and 
on the mother's side, English. His life, previovis to his coming to Michigan, was passed 
in his native county, with the exception of one year. There he received his ediication in 
the common schools. He came to Michigan in 1837, reaching Detroit May 20, and locat- 
ed in Oakland County, where he remained one year. In May. 1838, he started tor a trip 
westward to the Mississippi River, and, retm-ning in August, settled at Romeo. He had 
learned the trade of a blacksmith, and opened a shop in the village, where he carried on 
business for twenty years in that line, and added other interests as his means increased. 
To his shop he added a tm-ning-lathe, and afterward a furnace and wagon-shop, and en- 
gaged extensively as a manufaetiu-er. He also operated as a money-loaner, buying mort- 
gages and speculating in various ways. Mr. Snover was a Whig, and transfened his po- 
litical views and influence to the Republican party, in whose issues and measiu'es he has 
since been zealously interested^ He has served several terms as President and Trustee of 
the village; in I860, was elected Justice of the Peace, which office he held twelve years. 
He was one of the original incorporators of the First National Bank of Romeo, and was 
actively concerned in its organization, and connected with it for six years, when he dis- 
posed of his interest therein. During his period of office as magistrate, he served two 
years as executor on the Dickinson estate, and afterward acted five years as agent in its 
management. His resources comprise bonds and mortgages, and upward of one thousand 
acres of land. His outfit was S300, the savings of his own industry after he was twenty- 
one years old. He was married, June 10, 1841, in Warren County, N. J., to Ann Cook, 
also a native of that county. They have had eight children. Alice (Mrs. George Parme- 
lee) died October 19. 1877, leaving two children. Following are the names of those liv- 
ing: Charlotte, wife of F. A. Scott, resides in Washington: Josephine, widow of J. H. 
Reed: Cassias, married Ella Hulshart, resides at Yankton, D. T. ; Horace G., married 
Nellie Williams, resides at Port Austin. Mich.; Harriet S., Mrs. Harkman Cornell, of 
Bruce; Edward J., Detroit; Emma C. resides with her parents. 

EDWARD SOULE was born at Middlebury. Genesee Co., N. Y, May 15, 1817. He 
is the son of John and Sally Ward Soule. both natives of Massachusetts. His father was 
of French descent, and came to Michigan in June, I8ii5, and located 160 acres of Gov- 
ernment land in Washington Township, which was patented by Andrew Jackson. The 
family, including seven children, followed in September. They took the steamer Supe- 
rior from Buffalo to Detroit. ,and made their route thence overland. The same year, the 
father purchased eighty acres more, and increased his landed estate to 1,500 acres, situat- 
ed in different parts of the State. He died in September, 1871, at the age of eighty-foiir; 
his wife, in March, 1865, at the age of seventy-iive years. Mr. Soule was a man of fine 
physical proportions, stood six feet in his stockings, and weighed 200 pounds. He pos- 
sessed powers of keen discriminating observation, which supplied him with a valuable 
knowledge of the world. He read extensively, and acquired the best mental discipline 
from well-selected books. He took the greatest interest in politics and their bearing on 



^ 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the well-being of the country; voted the Democratic ticket until the Free-Soil issues arose, 
when he became a Republican. The progress of his own county was foremost in his in- 
terest, and he held open doors for all strangers seeking homes. Mi'. Soule, of this sketch, 
was reared on the farm in Washington until twenty years old, when he located in Addison, 
( )aklan(l County, where he spent one year, and returned to the home farm, remaining for 
two years. He was married to Mary A. Skidmore, bora in Wayne County, N. Y.. Decem- 
ber 30, LS-tO. She came to Macomb County in 1S46 with her parents, John and Sally 
Bishop Skidniore, who settled in Washington Township. Mr. and Mrs. Soule took up 
their abode on the farm in Oakland County, where they lived for nine years. In 1S4U. 
they changed their residence to Washington, settling on a portion of the homestead farm. 
In ISTO, they came to Romeo, where they pm-chased village property. They have had 
four children, but one of whom survives. John C. Soule is a graduate from Meadville. 
Penn., and an ordained minister of Washington, Macomb County. He resides on the 
farm in Washington. Another son. -James E. Soule, also graduated, an ordained minis- 
ter, died in March, 1N74, aged twenty-nine years. Two children died in infancy. Mr. 
Soule is the sole remaining member of his father's family in Macomb County. He has 
been a member of the Christian Church for forty-four years, and has held office in the 
church nearly all this time, and his sons were ordained in its service. Mrs. Soule is a 
member of the same society. In politics, Mr. Soule was first a Democrat, and became a 
radical Republican. He has been Constable of Washington for twelve years, and Justice 
of the Peace for eight years, having been twice elected to the office. 

JOHN L. STARKWEATHER, attorney, was born October 4, 1844, in Bruce, Ma- 
comb County; was the eighth child of James and Roxana Leslie Starkweather. (See 
sketch.) Until he reached manhood, he worked on his father's farm summers and attend- 
ed school in the winter at Romeo, until 1863. He commenced teaching in the winter of 
that year. He taught two conseciitive winters, and took a course of study at Eastman's 
Commercial College, at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., and graduated December 23, 1865. He was 
elected President of his class. He took just piide in working and earning his way through 
the commercial and afterward the law college, wholly through his own exertions. In 1866, 
1867 and IS6S, he was engaged in mercantile business in Romeo part of the time, as part- 
ner, devoting every spare moment to reading law. He has been all his life prominently 
identified with all temperance movements and societies. In 1863, he joined the independ- 
ent Order of Good Templars, and held all positions of trust successively; was District 
Deputy Grand Worthy Chief Templar of Macomb County, and several times represented 
the county organization in the Grand Lodge. He joined the Sons of Temperance in 1874, 
and has represented his local division in the Grand Division of the State every year since. 
In 1870, he was a representative at the National Division of the Sons of Temperance, held 
at Washington, D. C, a position to which he has been elected annually since. He was 
elected G. W. A. of the State organization of Sons of Temperance in 1878, and became 
Acting G. W. P. in 1879. He was elected G. S. of the Grand Division in 18S]. but re- 
signed through pressing professional business. Mi'. Starkweather became a member of the 
Phi Delta Phi of the LTniversity of Michigan in 1870; of the order of Free and Accepted 
Masons in 1867; the Knights Templar in 1868; the Independent Order of Odd Fellows in 
1877; and belongs to the Knights of Honor and Royal Arcanum; has served several times 
as representative of the two last-named orders in the Grand Lodges of Michigan. In 1876, 
he joined the Methodist Episcopal Church of Romeo, and has Ijeen one of the officers of 
the society ever since. He has been a Trustee of Romeo, and twice elected to the Board 
of Education, to which body he now belongs. In 1868, he entered the Law Department 
of the University of Michigan, where he was established some weeks before his determi- 
nation was known by his parents or friends. He graduated in the class of 1870, and 



rrr 



'^^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUKTY 



opened an office in the same j'ear at Romeo, where he has since prosecuted a successful 
and increasing business. He was examined in open court, in Washtenaw County, Mich., 
and admitted to the bar March 27, 1869. . He spent the following summer in the Law 
Library of Congress at Washington, D. C, where he wrote his thesis and prepared a brief 
in the railroad case brought against the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company by his 
mother's heirs for indemnity for the accident by which she was killed. (See sketch of 
James Starkweather) He was admitted to practice in the United States Court at Wash- 
ington, D. C, November 11, 1S69. He married Laura E. Spencer, of Armada, June 14, 
1871. They have had two sons and two daughters. The eldest child died at the age of 
two years. Mr. Starkweather is one of the most valuable citizens of Romo. He is public- 
spirited, generous, sympathizes with movements for the advancement of the general wel- 
fare, and is a zealous promoter of the moral and religious interests of the community, and 
a man whose worth and integrity exert a strong influence upon the best interests of society. 
In politics, he is a zealous and earnest Republican. 

JAMES STARKWEATHER, deceased, was born in Preston, New London Co., Conn., 
October 25, 1801. His paternal ancestry was of Scotch and English lineage, and his 
father was a soldier of the Revolution. The circumstances of the family were such as to 
compel the younger members to make early acijuaintance with the struggle necessary to 
accomplish any career of merit in the world — a condition, be it remarked, that has wrought 
noble results in Macomb as well as other counties in Michigan. At the age of seventeen, 
Mr. Starkweather turned his face westward, with his small possessions in a small bundle 
at his back. He sought and found employment, and in IS'i-l found himself able to visit 
two brothers in Pennsylvania. He went thence to visit a sister in We.stern New York, 
and started for Detroit, where he ai-rived October 9. He prospected thi'ough Oakland and 
Macomb Counties, and tixed upon Hoxies. uow Romeo, as his ultimatiuu, and, in Jan- 
uary, 1825, located 160 acres of land near the village. lu the following June, he was 
taken with fever and ague, and, becoming disheartened, he abandoned his land prepara- 
tory to returning East. He was fairly started, but met a man who gave him $250 for his 
claim. With renewed courage, he set out on another prospecting expedition. He wan- 
dered in the forest some days, and, July 4, 1825, came to Trombley's Mountain, where 
he spent the night. From that point he took a view of the surroiinding country, and 
once more located 160 acres near the village, where he spent all his life, with the excep- 
tion of six months before his death, when he resided in Romeo. He was married, Sep- 
tember 6, 1827, to Roxana Leslie, of the State of New York. She was a woman in every 
way worthy, and together they braved the vicissitude . and struggles of more than forty 
years. Fortune was at last propitious, and they experienced the reward of coQscientious, 
laborious and well-directed exertions. September 1. 186>!. they set out to visit distant 
friends, going to Alabama, and returned via Washington, D. C. They took passage No- 
vember 17, on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. During the night, they were obliged to 
change cars at the Relay House, ten miles from Baltimore. While crossing to the other 
line, Mrs, Starkweather was stnick by an incoming train and crushed. She lived but three 
hours. Mr. Starkweather was maiTied again, June 18, 1872, to Mi-s. Adeline Mulligan, of 
Washington, D. C. He died February 10. 1873. The pioneer element of Michigan 
stands statuesque in the panoramic view of her history during the last seventy years, and 
no one appears to better purpose than that of James Starkweather. He knew all the pos- 
sibilities C/f his life and character; he recognized all his responsibilities, inherent and as- 
smned, and he bent his will and purpose only to the command of duty. He met trial with 
Christian coiu-age, adversity with the hopefulness of integrity, and success with the hu- 
mility of a true greatness of sjsirit. His career is held in honored remembrance l)y his 
friends, and regarded as a blessed legacy by his children. 






1^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ELIJAH THOKINGTON was born June 9, 1809. at Ontario. Canada. His father, 
James Thorington, was a native of Rhode Island; his mother, Sarah Phillips, was born 
in Vermont. They settled in Oakland County. Mich., when their son was seven years old. 
and. a year later, removed to Shelby. At that time (IS IN), the county was in an almost 
primeval condition, and the surveying officers of the Government wei-e deciding limitation 
lines between the towns of Clinton and Shell)y. The family were in straitened circum- 
stances, and, the following spring went to the township of Washington and lived forty 
years on a farm in a district known as the Thorington settlement. January 18. 1836, 
James Thorington died: his wife died in March, 1853. Mr. Thorington lived on his home- 
stead farm of 240 acres until 1870. when he bought his present residence on South Clark 
street. He was married. February 6. 1834, to Lydia Brown, a native of New York. They 
had three sons and four daughters. Mrs. Thorington died March 19, 1868. and. in April. 
1879. Mr. Thorington was married to Mrs. Phoebe (Lockwood) Mackey. She died in April, 
1874. Mr. Thorington belongs to the pioneer element of the coimty. and has ever ranked 
among its most respected citizens. He is a Democrat, and cast his first Presidential vote 
for Jackson He has accumulated a fine jtroperty, and was the owner of several farms, 
which he has divided among his children. He has always been known as a plain, firm, 
outspoken man. and his judgment accepted as reliable. 

NORTON B. THROOP was born in Bruce. Macomb County. February 2. 1842; is 
eon of Cxeorge and Mary (Nye) Throop. George Throop was born in Lima, N. Y., in 
1810. and was son of Birchard and Martha Throop. He was married, in the State of New 
York, to Mary P. Nye, and in bS30 came to Macomb County. They had two sons and 
three daughters; one of the latter is deceased. Mr. Tlu-oop located 160 acres of Govern- 
ment land in Bruce, which he cleared and improved. In 1851. he moved to Romeo, where 
he died in 1874, in his sixty-fifth year. Mrs. Throop died in 1877. aged sixty two. Mr. 
Throop was a Whig in early life, and joined the Democratic ranks when the exigencies of 
public affairs brought new issues to the siu'face. At the raising of the First Congrega- 
tional Church in thci village, he broke his leg by a fall. Mr. Throop. of this sketch, came 
to this village with his parents when biit nine years old. and in youth attended the pub- 
lic schools. In 1864 (May 14), he was married to Harriet, daughter of William Hamilton, 
a Scotchman. He took charge of the homestead farm in Bruce, where he stayed three 
yeai-s, and sold in 1876, engaging in teaming, which he prosecuted until 1878, when he 
formed a partnership with F. V. Tedman in the grocery and provision business, locating on 
the west side of Main street. Nine months later, he embarked in the same business alone, 
which he pursued a year on the east side of Main street, then changing his quarters to his 
present stand on the Wf^st side of the street. He carries a fine line of fancy groceries and 
confectioners" goods, and is doing a prosperous and steadily increasing business. He is 
not a partisan politician, and only takes sufficient interest in party measures to give his 
support to the man approved by his judgment in any party. Mr. and Mrs. Throop have 
one son, John W., born in 1S73. 

W. H. TINSMAN was born August 21. 1836, in Washington, Macomb County. His 
parents, John A. and Sarah A. (McCracken) Tinsraan, both natives of New Jersey, came 
to this county in 1S32 and settled in Washington Township, where his father still lives 
on the same farm where he at first located. His mother died about ten years ago. Mr. 
Tiusman was reared on the farm and educated in the district schools of the township, and 
also attended the high school at Romeo. He was a farmer previous to his embarking in 
mercantile business at Romeo. He came to this village in 1871. August 2S, 1880. he 
organized, with Charles Willert, a mercantile establishment, which ranks fairly with other 
business concerns in town. He was married, in 1858. to Mary Jane, daughter of the late 
Hugh Hosner, of Macomb County. They have four children living — three sons and a 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



daughter — Charles W., Homer E.. '^L Florence and J. Lewis. The two first named are 
at the University of Michigan. Edith died in 1870. Mi-. Tinsman owns a farm of 200 
acres on Section 1(3. in Washington. He has been leader of the choir in the Methodist 
Chiu'ch eight years, and a member of the choir thirty years; also has charge of a musical 
society in town. Mi\ Tinsman, politically, is a Republican. 

JOHN R. TURRELL was born April 22, ISll, in the State of Pennsylvania. His 
birth-place was on the Susijuehanna River. He is son of Joel and Mary (Gray) Turrell, 
the former a native of Connecticut, the latter of Pennsylvania. They went to Monroe 
County, N. Y., where Mr. Turrell was reared to the age of twenty and bred to the profes- 
sion of farmer. He came to Michigan in LS31 and located a farm of eighty acres in 
W.ishington. east of Romeo, but he lost his health, and, not being able to work his fai-m. 
disposed of it and worked at Jobbing, chopping, etc.. as opportunity presented. In 183(5, 
he went to Port Hm-on and opened a groceiy and j^rovision store, where he operated thi'ee 
years, going thence to Grand River Rapids. He was afterward engaged in grocery and 
provision trade in Ionia, selling out at the end of tlu-ee years, and then peddled some 
years, finally returning to Romeo. He was man-ied, December 27, 1842, to Nancy Dus- 
ing, born in Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y. He then bought a farm in Addison, Oakland County, 
where he I'emained a year, and afterward engaged in threshing about three years. He 
worked a farm on shares in Lapeer County some years, and then took the Dusing farm in 
Washington. In 1S()2, he settled at Romeo. His wife died in March, 1877, having be- 
come the mother of eleven children, nine of whom are living. He was man'ied again, Au- 
gust 28, 1878, to Mary Ann Galloway, a native of Canada. Mi-. Turrell is a hale, strong 
man, and has seen many hardships. He has been a Republican since the organization of 
the party, and has served a term as Street Commissioner of Romeo. 

EPHRAIM VANBURGER was born April 4, 1.S33, in New York; is son of Amos and 
Mahala (Andrews) Vanburger. They came to Michigan in 1S3(5 and settled at Silver Lake, 
Oakland County. The father, Ephraim, and a brother and three sisters, had the small- 
pox. All recovered. Mr. Vanbiu'ger came to this county in 1848, and in 1852 settled at 
Romeo, working as a carpenter about two yeai-s. He was then engaged five years in sur- 
veying and examining land, and then worked as a shoemaker until August, 18(52, when he 
enlisted in the civil war for three years. He was captured in Virginia, June 11, 18(34, 
and was a prisoner at Andersonville, Ga., and Florence, S. C, and honorably discharged 
June 11, 1865. He was married, August 6, 1865, to Charlotte H. Munroe. They have 
had two children — Levant, born March 19, 1869, died April 3(\ 1880, of hip disease; and 
Ella, born July 25, 1875. Mr. Vanburger is a radical Republican; has followed the 
joiner's trade since the war. 

LEVI B. VANDECAR was born in Saratoga County, N. Y, September 15, 1850; 
received his education in the primary schools of his native tovpn, and learned the brick- 
layer's trade, after which he removed to Macomb County, arriving in the year 1868. He 
followed the mason's trade at Romeo and at Imlay City, Lapetr County, also at Oxford, 
Oakland County, and at Lapeer City, a few years, and in 1N79 removed to Isabella County, 
where he located land and resides at the present time; man-ied, February 15, 1871, to 
Nancy H., youngest daughter of Erastus Day, of Armada Township. She was born Sep- 
tember 1, 1851. The fruits of this marriage have been: Harry, born at Lapeer City 
June 12, 1872; Frank, born at Oxford May 18, 1879. While living at Imlay, the family 
suffered loss by fire of their dwelling house and contents, which calamity was repeated 
Dhree years later at Oxford. His present business is general merchant and dealer in tim- 
ber, in which he has been verj' successful. A post office has been established at his store, 
and he is the Postmaster, and the office bears his name. He is forward in all society 
matters, and is, in form of worship, a Baptist, of which both himself and wife are members. 






HISTORY OF MACOJIB COUNTY. 



CORNELIUS VIRGIL was born February 1, 1S34, in Tompkins County, N. Y. ; is 
son of Ira and Betsey (Van Inwagen) Virgil. He remained in his native eounty until the 
age of twenty-three. At nineteen, he went to Newlield, same county, to leai'n the trade 
of blacksmith. He served three years, and in lNr)7 came to Michigan and located at New 
Baltimore, where he worked at his trade nearly two years. He then went on a farm in 
Ray, where he remained upward of three years. He was married, August 22, 1S()1, to 
Polly, daughter of Joseph and Maria Chubb, a native of Ray. In August. ISOl, he en- 
listed in Company A. First Michigan Cavalry, and served about six months. The regiment 
went to Washington, then to Maryland. Mr. Virgil was taken sick at Capitol Hill. Wash- 
ington, and was discharged. December 1, 1861, at Frederick City, Md., for disability. He 
returned home, and. after recovering his health, he went fc > Ray. where he spent two years 
fc'u'ming one summer and working at his trade the balance of the time. In the spring of 
18(34, he came to Romeo and went into business with Gilbert Burnett, who had a shop in 
operation, and continued with him about six months, when he engaged with Alexander 
Shelp and worked with him now and then for two years. In 1S6N, he went to Oxford, 
Oakland County, and had a blacksmith shop there five years. In 1S73, he opened a shop 
at Romeo, which he has managed eight yeai's. He jim'chased his present residence, on 
Benjamin street, in 1S66. Politically, he is a Republican. 

JOSEPH WELLER was boru July 4, 1S81, in Chesterfield, Macomb Co., Mich. ; is 
son of Elisha and Maria (Vannatta) Weller. His father was boru July 23, ISOO, and his 
mother in 1(S02, the former in ^^'alTen County, N. J., the latter near Philadelphia. They 
settled in Chesterfield in the spring of 1S31, located three ''eighties'" of Government land, 
but retained but one of these tracts. The mother died March 25, 1N()3, aged sixty-one 
years. The father is still living, in his eighty-second yeiir. . They were German by de- 
scent. Mr, Weller was brought up on his father's farm, where he passed thirty-five years 
of his life. His early educational advantages were very limited, owing to the unsettled 
state of the country. In addition to agriculture, he engaged in threshing some mouths 
in each year for fifteen years, saving sufficient from his earnings to buy eighty acres adjoin 
ing his father's farm, which he brought to an advanced state of improvement, and sold in 
ISOP). He was married, January 26, 1865, to Jeanuette, daughter of Theophilus Kennedy, 
a pioneer of the county. In October following, he moved to Romeo, formed an association 
with Albert Kennedy, and bought the sash and blind factory of Holman & Farrar, which 
they Continued until 187 1. Mr. Weller has since been engaged as a carpenter. In the 
fall of 1866, he purchased a residence on Benjamin street, to which he made an addition 
in 1869, and entirelv I'emodeled in 1878. Politicallv, he is a Republican. 

ROBERT WHITE was born December 25, 1815! in Donegal, Ireland: is son of Da- 
vid and Jane Elliott A\'hite. His father died in 1826. He is the oldest <>f six children, 
and came to .America in 1841, bringing with him his wife, Elizabeth Robinson White, and 
four children. They located at Romeo, and, four years later, he bought twelve acres of 
wild land, cleared a space, wherein he built his house, and. with the aid of his childi'en, 
has thoroughly improved the entire place, not a trace of a stump remaining. At the time 
he bought his land, Main street was inconveniently devoted to stumps, and one day he 
took up four large ones, receiving $1 for each one. Another party had refused $3 for the 
job. In the fall of 1853, Mr, Whiie pm'chased eighty acres north of the fair grounds, 
which is in a state of advanced improvement. He is a mason, and worked at his trade 
more or less until 1867, when he met with an accident and broke his shoulder, which ne- 
cessitated the abandonment of severe labor. Mrs. White died May 17, 1863, in her fiftieth 
year. She became the mother of nine children. Their records are as follows: Eliza 
resides at Petrolia. Canada; David, twin, lives in Detroit and has five children; George, 
twin, died December 1, 1879, leaving six children; Robert lives at Lapeer, and has two 



;t^ 



iii. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



childi'en; James is on the farm, and has one child; John lives in Romeo, has two children; 
Anna Maria lives at Almont, and has five children; the others are Lydia and Martha; the 
latter died in October, ISfil; all are maiTied but Lydia. There are twenty grandchildren. 
Ml-. 'White was maiTied again. April 16, 1S65. to Mi-s. Susan M. Drake, born in County 
Armagh, Ireland. They have one daughter, Mary M., who lives at home. Four of Mr. White's 
sons are masons, taught by himself; two are carpenters. He has always been an adherent 
of the Republican party. He and Lis wife are enjoying the reward of frugal, well-ordered 
lives, and passing their last years in comfort. 

ROBERT A. Y01TNG,"D. D. S., was bom March 4. bS55, at Lodi, Columbia Co.. 
Wis. His parents, John A. and Elsie (Erwin) Young, were natives of Pennsylvania. His 
father was Principal of the High School at Lodi. which he attended until he was nineteen 
years old. June 3. 1S74, he came to Romeo with his parents, where his father is pastor 
of the Christian Church, and where he attended school. In the fall of 1S7H. he began 
the study of dentistry with Dr. Isaac Do\iglass, D. D. S. He attended the university at 
Ann Arbor two years, and graduated with honor in March, ISSO, entering upon dental 
practice in September following. He is a member of the State Dental Society, and belongs 
to the Sons of Temperance. He has tine rooms on Main street, handsomely fitted; is a 
gentleman of social, genial character, and popular as a mechanical operator and as a citi- 
zen. 



CHAPTER XXXI. 



In the compilation of the histories of the townships, care has been taken to exclude 
all descriptions which have been fully dealt with in the general history- of the county. 
The fact that large numbers of the people who made subject for history are treated bio- 
graphically, in connection with the history of the township to which they belong, ren- 
dered an extensive historical sketch unnecessary, because in the jiersonal history inci- 
dents and names are given so intimately associated witli the township, and withal so 
apjiropriate to the biography in which they occur, that to separate or remove the one would 
have a tendency to destroy the other. For this reason, a great portion of the history of 
each tovraship will be found woven with the sketches of its principal inhabitants. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The to^vnship of Annadia, or Armada, was organized under a legislative enact- 
ment, approved April 22, 1833, laying off from the surveyed townships. Town 5 north, 
Ranges 13 and 14 east of the meridian, and ordering the first township meeting to be 
held at the house of Edmund Stewart the first Monday in April, 1834. The formal meet- 
ing of the people to consider the question of organization was held in the year 1832, at 
Armada Corners (Selleck's), and the organization was strenuously opposed, as uncalled 
for and unnecessary, but was carried later in the day. When the subject of a name came 
up, but little time remained. Several names were proposed which did not meet with 
approval, until Hosea Northi-up jumped up and shouted the name Ai-mada. The name 
was earned at .once, and probably without a knowledge of its meaning or its fitness. 

THE FIRST TOWN MEETING. 

The first town meeting was held April 7, 1834. in accordance with the statute. Henry 
B. Ten Eyck presided, with Roswell W. Green, Clerk; Darius Sessions and Minot T. 



^1 



^A=±z. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Lane were Inspectors of Election. The officers chosen were: Alfred Goodell, Supervisor; 
Leonard Lee, Clerk; Erastus Day, Eden Ai-mstrong and Iddo Warner, Assessors: Edmund 
Stewart and Norman Burk, Overseers of the Poor: John Proctor. Chauncey Bailey and 
Hosea Northrup, Commissioners of Highways; Asa Palmer, Constable; Martin Buzzell, 
Alfred Goodell, Mino: T. Lane, School Commissioners; Aden Ai-mstrong, E. Steward, M. 
Buzzell, Asa Holman, Charles Farrar, School Inspectors; Henry B. Ten Eyck, A. Goodell 
and Darius Sessions, Pound Masters; Joel Cartwi'ight, Job Howell, Peter Woodbeitz, Jos- 
eph C. Donaldson, A Go<xlell, Benoni Knapp and Nathaniel Carter, Overseers of High- 
ways. Justices were appointed by the Governor of the Territory. 

Roll of Supervisors— Alfred Goodell, 1833 to 1836; Minot T. Lane. 1836 to 1839; 
Solomon Lathi-op, 1840 to 1844; Norman Perry. 1844 to 1852; Darius Sessions, 1852 to 
1854; Norman Perry, 1854 to 1856; Warren Tibbetts, 1856 to 1859; Charles An di-ews, 
1859 to 1864; Erastus Dav, 1864 to 1866; George E. Burke, 1866 to 1867; Hiram Bar- 
rows, 1867 to 1869; Gideon Draper, 1869 to 1870; Charles Andrews, 1870 to 1873; Gid- 
eon Draper, 1873 to 1874; Hollv Goyer, 1874 to 1880; Charles Anckews, 1880 to 1881; 
Charles Andrew, 1881 to 1882. " 

Clerks — Leonard Lee, 1834; Chauncev Bailev. 1835-36; James Flower, 1837; Urial 
Dav, 1838-39; Ira Selleck, 1840-11; Charles W. "chamberlain, 1841; James McCracken. 
18-12; Charles W. Chamberlain, 1843; James McCracken, 1844-45; Andrew Ward, 1846- 
51; George Andrews. 1852-53; Andrew Word, 1854-55: Winfield Wisner, 1856; Charles 
A. Lathrop, 1857; Crawley P. Dake, 1858; Winiield Wisner, l^i59- NathanAdams, 1860; 
Michael R. Weir, 1861; Nathan Adams, 1862-64; Henry C. Aldrich, 1865-66; George 
McClusky, 1867; Perrin C. Goodell, 1868-70; Charles A. Snover, 1871; James E.Vin- 
cent, 1872; David H. Barrows, 1873-75; Robert B. Vibbert, 1876; George F. Adams, 
1877-81. 

Treasurers— Asa Palmer, 1834; George T. Powell, 1835; J. S. Becraft, 1836; Abner 
Barrington, 1837-38; Minot T. Lane. 1839; Sanford H. Corbin. 1840: Joseph C. Don- 
aldson, 1841; Elijah Bm-ke, 1842-44; Samuel Wizner, 1845-50; Pen-in C. Goodell, 
1851-52; John Johnson, 1853: David T. Pratt, 1854-57; Thomas M. Gould,1858; Benja- 
min F. Kellam, 1859: Daniel D. Dunham, 1859; Dounce D. Dunham, 1860; Crowley P. 
Dake, 1861: H. H. Spencer, 1862; Bm-ton W. Seeley, 1863; Beach G. Whitney, 1864; 
Burton W.. Seeley, 1865-67; Thomas Proctor, 1868-69; Michael R. Weir, 1870-71; 
George F. Adams,' 1872-73; John E. Barringer, 1874-75; David H. Barrows. 1876-77; 
Elisha D. Lathrop, 1878-79; David H. Barrows. 1880-81. 

Justices of the Peace — Minot T. Lane, 1836; Joseph C. Donaldson, 1836; Alvah 
Sibley, 1836; Elijah Bm-ke, 1836; M. T. Lane, 1837; Darius Ses8ion.s, 1838; Sanford H. 
Corbin, 1838; Erastus Day, 1839; Darius Sessions, 1840; Solomon Lathrop. 1840-41 ; 
Warren Tibbits, 1842; Daniel W. Day. 1843; Darius Sessions, 1844; John P. Hall, 1845; 
Wan-en Tibbits, 1846; Urial Day, 1847; Amassa W, Sutton, 1S48; Charles Farrar, 1848; 
John P. Hale, 1849; Joseph P. Foster, 1849; Warren Tibbits, 1S5(): Gideon Draper, 1850; 
Seth Aldrich. 1851; A. W. Sutton, 1852; Erastus Day, 1853; Holly Goyer, 1853; Timothy 
Adams, 1855; AVarren Tibbits, 1855; Henry O. Smith. 1855; Erastus Day, 1857; Warren 
Tibbits, 1858: Horace H. Spencer, 1856: "Gideon Draper, 1859; H. H. Spencer, 1860; 
Erastus Day, 1861; Michael R. Weirs, 1862; Charles A. Lathi-op, 1862; Gideon Draper, 
1863; H. H. Spencer, 1864; William H. Clark, 1864; Eleazer W. True, 1865; David Mc- 
Crossan, 1866; Gideon Drai)er, 1867; H. H Si>eneer, 1868; Nathan Adams, 1869: Eli G. 
Perkins, 1870; Nathan Adams, 1870; Henry A\'. Bradley, 1871; Gideon Drai)er, 1871; 
Louis Granger, 1872; Erastus Day, 1872: Louis Granger, 1872, Merril P. Farrar, 1873; 
Horace H. Spencer, 1874; Gideon Draper, 1875; Abram S. Hall, 1876; Merrill P. Far- 




.^ 



\. 




4 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



rar, 1877; Horace H. Speacer, 1878; Gideon Draper, 1879; John E. Barringer. 1879; 
Albert F. Stowe, 1880; E. Wells True, 1880; Merril P. Farrar, 1881. 

In this town the whole Republican ticket was elected in 1882, as follows: Super- 
visor — Charles Andrews, Republican, 196; A. H. Peabody, Democrat, 98; Sabin O. 
Stump, Greenback, 23; Andrews' plurality, 98. Clerk — B. C. Preston, Republican, 181; 
Thomas A. Flower, Democrat, 118; Preston's majority, 03. Treasurer — Hiram J. Bar- 
rows. Republican, 187; G. F. Hebblewhite, Democrat, 113; Barrows' majority, 74. 
•Justice of the Peace — George F. Adams, Republican, 156; H. H. Spencer, Democrat, 
148; Adams" majority, 8. 

PIONEERS OF ARMADA. 

Among the first settlers of the township were John Proctor, Erastus, Day. Nathan 
Rowley. Neil Gray, Norman Pen-y. Eri Buttertield. Elisha D. Andi-ews. Elijah Burke, 
Norman Bui'ke, Chauucey Bailey, Leonard Lee. Darius Sessions, Israel G. Belknap and 
Daniel Draper, and a man named Aldi-ich. 

A trip fi-om the Eastern States to Armada, so late as 1831 was one attended with 
many difficulties. The usual vicissitudes of canal travel fi'om Rochester to Buffalo, and 
thence per steamer to Detroit, had to be experienced. The jom-ney from Detroit via Royal 
Oak to Armada, so well known by many an old settler, was traversed; Mother Handsom's 
house was visited, and the nucleus of Romeo sui'veyed. S. H. Corbiu and other settlers 
came in 1831. After a short time passed at Romeo, the land-hunters pushed forward by 
the locations of Leslie. Day. Edget. Farrar. Iddo Warner, Job Howell, and stayed that 
night with a man named Belknap, whose log shanty stood on the corner of Section 29. 

The travelers next packed the necessaries for a two-days' journey, and jjroceeded en 
route to Section 25, driving their oxen in the yoke. The only houses on the trail at that 
time were Edmund Stewart's and Andrew Ward's. Previous explorers had cleared a road 
as far east as Belle River, and so the present travelers had comparatively few obstacles to 
encounter. They camped on the site of Holly Goyer's house, where they were entertained 
by whip-poor-will songs and the hum of the ubiquitous mosquito. Goodell, who formed 
one of the i^ai'ty, is inclined to think there were no less than one hundred whip-poor-wills 
and ten millions of mosquitoes round their camp-tire that night. The next day, the party 
was joined by Goodell, Sr., who brought his family to Romeo fi'om Detroit the day pre- 
vious. Within a few days, the family went out to their future home, and entered the pro- 
verbial log house of the pioneer June 17, 1831, just one month after they left the old 
homestead in York State. Here they found themselves in the position of Robinson Crusoe. 
Leonard Lee was the nearest neighbor, two miles distant, and his home unknown ; the 
Wards were three miles westward, and Peter Aldrich was living on the John Corbin farm. 
There were no settlers between them and the Tittabawassee River on the northwest. Lake 
Huron on the northeast, and St. Clair River on the east. Mrs. Goodell did not see the face 
of a white woman for almost three months, until Mi-s. Nathaniel Carter and her sister 
came, in the latter part of September, and passed a portion of a day with her. The In- 
dians were frequent visitors during the summer, and at one time they were in camp close 
by for nearly two weeks. Those savages came from their village west of Romeo. They 
brought with them about live bushels of whortleberries in bark mocacks. which they traded 
for flom' and meal. At this time, the forest was full of strawberries and blackljerries, so 
in this respect the pioneers were fully supjilied. Diu-ing the smumer. an acre of land was 
cleared round the house, and on July 1. 1832. a tract laid down under oats. During the 
fall, six acres were cleared, and timber prepared for a story-and-a-half house. 18x24 feet. 
This house was boarded and shingled, the lumber being proom-ed at the Treml)le Mill, 
three miles from Romeo. Steward, Sessions and Mather came to assist the Goodells in 
raising this house. 
42 

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T 



LkL 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Leonard Lee was appointed Postmaster about that time. Richards was mail-carrier 
between Romeo and St. Clair, over the Hoxie trail. 

S. H. Corbin left the Goodell settlement for Rochester, to follow his trade of house- 
builder. In 1832, he revisited the place, and aided Mr. Goodell, Sr., in getting out tim- 
ber for his barn. 

In the summer of 1832, Ira Butterfield and Hinckman Bntterfield located just north 
of the Goodells. In the winter of 1832-33. Erwin Rose came in. Elijah Biu'ke came in 
April. 1833, and piu-chased the S. H. Corbin house frame, previously prepared, now form- 
ing a portion of William H. Clarke's barn. Ingraham came in September. 1833. About 
the same time, S. H. Corbin revisited the settlement, and, in partnershi]) with one of the 
first settlers, raised the mill there, and inaugurated the industry in 1834. The wheat 
crop of 1833 was remarkably good, so that the new mill was a most useful addition to the 
industries or the entire district. Dui'ing that year, the Black Hawk war, and the extraor- 
dinary precautions taken by Asahel Bailey, troubled the settlers more or less. 

The district settled very fast from 1833 to 1838. Perrin Goodell cut a corner on log 
houses every month in those years, and sometimes assisted in raising four houses per 
month. 

The neai'est schoolhouse to the Goodell settlement was on the southeast corner of Nor- 
man Perry's farm until 1834, when a school building was erected and Miss Betsy Day ap- 
pointed first teacher. 

From 1831 to 1840, the roads through the timber lands were almost impassable in the 
spring and fall. The Fort Gratiot Turn))ike was built by the State, and was laid out fi'om 
Detroit into the town of Lenox in 1831, and finished as far as Port Huron in 1833. 

Elijah Bui'ke and a few neighbors laid out the Ridge road iu September, 1834, cut- 
ting a wagon road from the Parker Adams farm to the lands of Phillip Cudworth. This 
road soon became famous, and formed a part of the immigrant road from Port Huron to 
Romeo, so that the Burke location was known to great numbers of immigrants as Burke's 
Comers, now Armada Village. 

During the years 1834, ]83r) and 1836, the $5,000,000 loan created excitement, and 
settlers looked for railroads in every direction. One line — the Northern Michigan Rail- 
road — was rnn through on the quarter line of the south tier of sections in Armada Town- 
ship. It was the era of paper enterprises, yet settlers continued to come in great num- 
bers, and, as a inile, had to {iass through " The Narrows." The immigrants had a certain 
amount of money — just enough to jiurchase a forty or eighty acre tract of laud, build a 
log shanty and begin housekeeping. Then they found their means were exhausted, and 
that they had to work for others. Many of them performed the duties of day laborers 
until sufficient cash was saved to enable tliem to proceed with the clearing and cultivation 
of their land. During this time, their waxdi'obes were very limited, and the bottom of 
their (lour and pork ban-els easily found. However, there were only five cases where peo- 
ple actually suffered, the interchange of kindnesses preventing anything like a famine. 
Whenever a deer was killed, portions of the meat were distributed throughout the district. 

After Hinckman Butterfield had been here some three years, he miscalculated his re- 
sources, and found, to his sm'prise, that his provisions could not last beyond June I. He 
was equal to the occasion. Without means to buy flom-, he still {possessed two good cows, 
and, with the milk which they produced, and boiled basswood leaves, this settler contrived 
to eke out an existence for thirteen days. Subsequently, he borrowed $10 from a neigh- 
bor, which sum he invested in five bushels of corn. 

On another occasion, two brothers drove to N. B. Freeman's store, intent upon piu'- 
chasing a barrel of flour. They had no money, so they said nothing on financial affairs 
until tiie flour was placed in their wagon, when one drove off with it, leaving the other to 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



^ 



explain to Mr. Freeman that they had no money just then, biit, so soon as they would ob- 
tain some, the barrel of flour should lie paid for. Freeman had no alternative but to wait. 

In 1832 or 1833, there was a small grocery store established at the Branch. The 
owner was generally employed clearing land in the vicinity. To render himself equal to 
the work of watching two things at the same time, he himg a dinner-horn on the door, 
with a notice below, stating. '"If no one is here, blow the horn." 

The winter of 1842-43 was known as the hard winter. The weather continued severe 
from ■' Cold Friday," in Novem!)er, imtil the fii-st Monday of April. 1843. when the snow 
was two and one-half feet deep on the level. 

The fii'st child born in the eastern part of the town was Solomon Buttertield. 

The first death in the eastern part of the town was that of Mrs. David Page. She 
was buried with her head to the north, on a spot where the old cemetery of years ago was 
located. 

The number of acres of improved land in the township in 185(1 was <.600; of imim- 
proved lands, 9.711; total cash value of same. $222,880. Agricultm-al products: Wheat, 
8,615 bushels; corn, 20,070 bushels; oats, 25,186 bushels; all other kinds of grair. 2.960 
bushels; potatoes, 5,696 bushels; wool, 11,632 pounds. Dairy products: Butter, 23,- 
916 pounds; cheese, 7,410 pounds. Value of orchard produce, 1729. Live stock: 
Horses, 230; milch cows, 486; working oxen, 215; other neat cattle, 657; sheep, 5.191; 
swine, 1.112; total value of live stock, f 34. 820. 

The above is quite a creditable showing, but appears somewhat meager when com- 
pared with the statistical report as returned by the Supervisor in the spring of 1874. We 
quote: "Number of acres of improved land in occupied farms, 11,922; wood and other un- 
improved land, 9,340 acres; cash value of farms, $935,895. Agi-icultural products: 
Wheat, 20,751 bushels; corn, 32,126 bushels; oats, 43,800 bushels; all other kinds of 
grain, 13,891 bushels; potatoes, 10,932 bushels;' wool, 34,577 pounds; pork marketed, 73,- 
211 pounds. Daii-y products: Butter, 45,070 pounds; cheese, 9,420 pounds; cheese, 9,- 
420 pounds. Live stock: Horses, 605; milch cows, 625; working oxen, 17; mules, 3; 
number of neat cattle (other than oxen and cows). 830; sheep, 16,592; swine, 875: value 
of live stock of all kinds, $130,653." 

These figures show an average increase of 250 per cent for the past quarter of a 
century. The population of the township in 1880 was 1,734, inchiding Armada Village. 800. 
Li 1850, there were only 1,146 inhabitants: in 1874. 1,562. 

.\RM.\D.\ VILLAGE. 

Armada is a thriving incorporated village of 800 inhabitants, settled in 1830, and 
pleasantly situated in Armada Township, JIacomb County, about midway between Romeo 
and Ridgeway. It is on the Michigan Air-Line Railway, and is the «enter of a prosper- 
ous farming region. It has no water-power, and its manufacturing enterprises are lim- 
ited, embracing a stave and handle factory, sash and blind factory, cheese factory and a 
flouring-mill. Ai-mada has four chm-ches— Methodist. Cougi-egational, Baptist and Ad- 
ventist. The Telegraph is published by C. J. Seely. A good hall in connection with the 
National Hotel h s recently been built. Grain, flour, apples, cheese, staves and handles 
constitute the principal shipments. 

Among the principal business men of the village are : Hiram Barrows, Postmaster, 
general store-keeper and cheese manufactvu-er; Elbert M. Cook. C. A. Lathrop, Theodore 
H Hinchman. J. W. Jackmau. E. D. Latlirop, G. C. Phillips. William E. Preston, Rob- 
ert F. Robertson, S. B. Shaw, R.B. Stevens. A. H. Telfer and Ephraim A. Jennings, mer- 
chants: Edward Bailey, operator of a grist-mill and foundry, three miles east of the vil- 
lage; Lewis Granger, proprietor of Evaporated Fruit Factory: Horace, William and Albert 



TV 



_2) ^ 



Pt-rkins, owners of the stave and handle factory; Henry Thomson, flom- and grist mill ope- 
rator. The professions are represented by John E. Barringer, S. T. Beardsley, Charles 
H. Lincoln, physicians; William H. Clai'k, Jr., lawyer; Gurdon H. Millard, dentist; 
Charles J. Seely, editor; Rev. Messrs. D. H. Lamson. of the Adventist; Silas Finn, of 
the Baptist; Rev. H. N. Bissell, of the Congregational; J. L. Av'alker, of the Methodist, 
are the ministers of the Gospel. 

The village of Armada was organized under authority given by the Board of Super- 
visors, October 15, 180'J. The original plat of the village comprised the northeast quar- 
ter of Section 28: the east half of the southeast quarter of Section 23; the northwest quar- 
ter of the southeast quarter of Section 33; the northwest qviarter of Section 24; the west 
half of the southwest quarter of Section 24; the northeast quarter of the southwest quar- 
ter of Section 24, in Town 5 north, of Range 13 east, or the township of Armada. The 
act of incorporation ordered the lirst election to be held at the National Hall, on the sec- 
ond Tuesday in January, or January 14, 1808, under the superintendence of William H. 
Clark, Jr.. William E. Preston and Francis M. Grout. The record of this election is set 
forth as follows: 

President — Hiron Hathaway, 45 votes. 

Trustees — Elisha Davis, 19 votes; William E. Preston, 47; James Flower, 51; Eben- 
ezer Brooks, 32; J. E. Barringer, 31: Cyrus S. Farrar, 31; Silas Finn, 31; Charles A. 
Lathrop. 20; Allen L. Frost, 16. 

Assessor — Hiram Barrows, 30 votes; Eben Brooks, 19. 

Marshal and Treasurer — George McCluskev, 50 votes. 

Clerk— William H. Clark. Jr.. 32 votes; Ezra F. Sibley, 15; William H. Clark. 4. 

Fire Warden — Alfred Watson. 31 votes; Samuel Barton, 19. 

Street Commissioner — Elisha Davis, 31 votes; F. M. Grout, 17; Spencer Phelps, 1. 

Pound Master — Hiron F. Corbiu, 38 votes; Corbin received the entire vote under 
various names. 

At a meeting of the board, held February 1, 1868, a series of twenty-seven rules was 
adopted. 

President -Hiron Hathaway, 1868; F. M. Grout, 1869; Hiron Hathaway. 1870; 
Charles Lathrop, 1871; H. F. Corbin, 1872; John E. Barringer, 18 < 3; William E. Pres- 
ton, 1874; John E. Barringer, 1875; James Flowers, 1876; John E. Barringer, 1877; 
Hiram BaiTows, 1878; David H. Rarrows, 1879; L. H. Lincoln, 1880; H. H.Spencer, 1881. 

Recorder ^William H. Clark, Jr., 1868; E. B. Bentley, 1869; Chai-les A. Snover, 
1870; Charles A. Snover, 1871; George F. Adams, 1872; D. H. Barrows, 1873; D. H. 
Barrows, 1874; D. H. Barrows, 1875; D. H. Barrows, 1876; Albert F. Stone. 1877; Albert 
F. Stone, 1878; Ephraim A. Jennings, 1879. 

Treasm'er— George McCluskev, 1868; Joseph P. Seeley, 1869; Theo D. Bui'ke, 1870; 
Elisha D. Lathrop, 1871; W. E.'Preston, 1872; W. E. Preston, 1873; E. D. Lathrop, 
1874; E. D. Lathrop, 1875; Robert B. Vibbert, 1876: William E. Preston. 1877; Elbert 
M. Cook. 1878; Elbert M. Cook, 1879. 

The officers for 1882-83 are: Horace H. Spencer, Village President; and George 
C. Phillips, Edwin A. Frost, Samuel T. Beardslee, Elisha D. Lathi'op, A. B. Palmerlee 
and Dan C. Day, Trustees. 

Trustees —1868, William E. Preston. James Flower, Ebenezer Brooks, John E. Bar- 
ringer, C. S. Farrar, Silas Finn; 1869, Jabez Hebbelwhite, Cullen B. Clark, S. T. Beards- 
ley, Perrin C. Goodell, Allen S. Frost, Henry Mullen; 1870, James Flower, Aug A. Smith, 
C. A. Lathrop, A. L. Frost, Charles Macauluy. Winlield S. Hathaway; 1871, William 
Youngs, James Mahafly, J. Hebbelwhite, Charles Macaulay, W. S. Hathaway, Allen Frost; 
1872, Lewis Granger, W. J. Brown, B. W. Ormsby, James E. Vincent, James Mills, D. 



W 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



H. Barrows; 1873, Ebenezer Brooks, Seth Smith. J. M. Mills. Elisha D. Lathrop, George 
McCluskey, B. W. Ormsby: 1874, Ezra F. Sibley. Charles E. Marble. Culleu B. Clark, 
Fred M. Garlick. George McCluskey. Seth Smith; 1875, Cyi'us S. Farrar, Jonas Sutton, 
Bela W. Ormsby (for one year). Nathan Hurd, James Flowers. William F. Preston (for 
two years): 1876, Charles W. Willett. Charles A. Lathrop. C. W. Millet, Nathan Hurd, 
Cvms S. Farrar. Jonas Sutton; 1877, William H. fJlai-k, Jr., Cullen B. Clark. J. Hebble- 
white, Elbert M. Cook, Rufus Small, R-. F. Robertson: 1878. John England, Elisha D. 
Lathrop. William H. Clark. Jr., Rufus Small. J. Hebbelwhite, W. H. Youugs; 1879, 
George F. Adams. William E. Pi-eston. J. Neeper, George Barnes. N. H. Pillsbury, Will- 
iam Lewis. 

POST OFFICE. 

The first post office of the village was established in 1843, by the appointment of 
Solomon Lathrop, Postmaster, and the office in the house of Rev. Samuel A. Benton, the 
Congregational Pastor of that place. Previous to this time, the nearest office was at the 
''Branch," five miles away, from which mail was brought by any person whom business 
called in that direction, or else a boy astride a horse was sent for it. The postage on a 
letter from beyond the boundaries of the State was 25 cents, and often was not prepaid. 
Letters were valuable in those days, from the fact that they cost so much, and also that 
they did not come very often. The revenue of the office was so exceedingly small that it 
was taken rather because some one must have it than because of any honor or emolument 
it might bring. From Solomon Lathrop it jiassed to the bauds of John P. Hall, who lived 
near the middle of the village, and who removed it from the house of Mr. Benton to his 
own house. This continued some years (abovit 1S48), when Charles A. Lathrop became 
Postmaster, and established the office at his store. This was the first of its having a po- 
sition in a public building. Dr. Snell succeeded Mr. Lathrop, and the office was kept on 
the northwest corner of the village square. From his hands it passed to William H. 
Clark, Jr., who kept it in the same jiiace. He was succeeded by Burton W. Seeley, who 
kept it ou the south side of Ridge street. Mr. Hiram Barrows, the present incumbent, then 
succeeded to the office, and it was removed to the " Corner Brick." and made a money 
order office, on which basis it has since been continued. 

Till', ARM.\D.\ AGRICULTITTI.\T, SOflETY. 

The Armada Agricultural Society is the outgrowth of the Armada Farmers' and Me- 
chanics' Club, of the same place, which was organized at the call of a few men. who 
thought to improve their occupation by free discussion of topics connected with their bus- 
iness. The organization was effected in 1870. with Hiron J. Hathaway. President; J. E. 
BaiTinger. Secretary; and Nathan Adams. Treasurer. Meetings were held monthly for 
discussion, and a plowing match was held each year. The last two years of its existence 
as a club, a fair was held at the village of Armada, at which no entrance fee was chai'ged 
and no cash premiums were paid — simply a ribbon to designate a preference. The offi- 
cers the second year were the same as the first. The third year, John Paton, Sr. . was 
chosen President, and, upon the death of Mr. Adams, C. A. Lathi'op succeeded him as 
Treasurer. 

In February, 1873, a meeting was held responsive to a call of citizens for the purpose 
of forming an agricultural society upon a broader basis, and capable of becoming an in- 
corporated body. All being favorably inclined, the object was effected, and the Armada 
Agricultm-al Society began its existence with Hon. Charles Ancb-ews, President; John E. 
BaiTinger. Secretaiy; Charles A. Lathrop. Treasurer: and a Board of Directors as follows: 

The first fair of this society was held at the society's grounds during the first week 
in October. 1873. The number of entries was 800, and the amount paid in prizes about 



-IB IV 



jyj 



$300. The society paid all premiums and expenses, and had a balance left in the treas- 
ury. The society was organized on the basis of a jnirely agi'icultnral fair, and no race- 
track is provided, and no premiums oflered for speed. The people have supported it with 
great liberality, and each year's finances have been a token of the success of the enter- 
prise. The grounds are tastily arranged with evergreen and forest trees, nicely fenced, 
and provided with hue offices, buildings and sheds, and the society has funds in its treas- 
m-y. 

The following gentlemen have acted as Presidents: Charles Andrews, six years; 
John McKay, two years; W. D. Fettibone, one year; George W. Phillips, at present. 
John E. Barringer, Secretary fi'om the organization. Treasiu'er: Charles A. Lathrop, 
thi'ee years; James Steven, two years; W. D. Pettiboue, one year; Charles Andrews, one 
year; H. Barrows, one year; George C. Phillips, Treasurer at present. 

Number of entries last fair, 2,050; amoimt paid out in premiums, $548. "25. 

THE AKMADA C. L. S. C. 

The Armada Branch of the Chautauqua Literary and Scieutihc Circle was organized 
in the fall of LSSO. The circle consists of two classes of members — the regular, who are 
members of the central oi'ganizatiou, to which they are accountable for the amount of 
reading done; and the local, who are simply members of the local circle, and in no way 
responsible to the central society, and who are at liberty to carry on the full course of 
reading or not, as they see tit. 

A four-years' course of reading is designated, which " embraces the general subjects of 
histoiy. science, literatm-e and the Bible study," and a diploma is given to the regular 
members who complete the course in a satisfactory manner. The regular charter membern 
were: iVIi's. H. Barrows. President; Miss Lizzie Fletcher, Secretary and Treasurer; Mrs. A. 
Lincoln, Mrs. A. E. Johnson, Miss Jennie Macauley, Dr. C. H. Lincoln. Mrs. Charles 
Carter, Miss Hattie Andi-ews, Miss Sophia Cryderman, H. J. Rarrows. 

The local charter members were: Rev. J. L. Walker, Mrs. E. W. Fletcher, Mrs. N. 
H. Pillsbury, John E. Day, Mrs. W. D. Pettibone, William H. Yoimgs, George C. Fletcher. 

Additions have been made to both classes of members from time to time, and the 
prospects seem to indicate for the future the same increase of interest that has marked its 
history thus far. The circle meets every week for the discussion for the required reading 
for the week, and listening to original papers upon subjects pertaining to the lesson. 

The officers at the present time are: Mrs. Charles A. Lathroj). President; Mrs. 
H. J. Barrows, Secretary and Treasurer. 

BRUCK .\.\I) .Mi.M.VU.^ I.ITEUAEY .SOCIKTY. 

The young people met at the residence of G. W. Phillips December 11, 1S78, for the 
purpose of organizing a literary society. A committee of three, consisting of R. J. Craw- 
ford, T. JVL Stephen and C. E. Phillips, were appointed to form a constitution and by-laws. 
Saturday evening, December 24, 187S, met at residence of J. E. Day and adopted the con- 
stitution, and also elected charter officers, viz.: President, J. E. Day; Vice President, G. 
W. Phillips, Jr.; Treasm-er. T. M. Stephen; Secretary, C. E. Phillips; Librarian. Mrs. J. 
E. Day. 

THE AltJlADA EITEUAHY SOI lETV. 

The Armada Literary Society was organized as the Athenoeum in 1877, with Hiram 
J. Barrows, President, and Albert Stow, Seoretaiy. In 1878, it was re-organized, under 
the name of the Armada Literary Society, with Hiram J. Barrows, President. With this 
organization the Ladies' Literary Society of the village consolidated in January, 1880 
Amonu: the members who have held the office of President are Hiram J. Barrows, Bert C. 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Preston, Albert F. Stowe, Sterry J. Lamson, Elisha D. A. True, Lewis M. Smith. The 
society has a collection of tifty volumes. 

SCHOOLS. 

The tirst schoolhouse in Armada Township was situate on the land of Col. Peny, near 
Armada Corners, built of logs, cut and put up by a "bee," and covered with lumber do- 
nated by Noah Webster — 1,000 feet. The deficiency was sup]>lied with slabs. The name 
of the first teacher is not remembered. The second house was a log one, near the house of 
Alfred Goodale. A school had been kept in the barn of that gentleman by Miss Harriet 
Perkins. Miss Betsey Day, now wife of Erastus Day, taught the second school. This 
was in 183*5. About this time, a schoolhouse was built at the village. This house was 
built of slabs stood up endwise, spiked to a frame made of poles, and covered with slabs. 
The first teacher in this school was a Miss Day. who came from Massachusf^tts, and soon 
returned lo that State. The first male teacher in this school was George Lathrop, son of 
Solomon Lathrop. in 1838 or 1839. He was followed by Miss Anielia Bancroft, who was 
succeeded by Joseph Goodell. This young man was exceedingly tall. auJ it is said 
that, when he jumped the rope with the children, his head appeared above the ridge of the 
building. Charles A. Lathrop was a teacher in this school. In 1843, Rev. S. A. Benton, 
who had lately arrived from Vermont, where he had received a classical education, had a 
class of .seventeen pupils in the parlor of his house, in which he was assisted by Dr. J. 
P. Gleason. This lasted one term, soon followed by Rev. Eleazer \V. True, a fully edu- 
cated man from the East, who opened a private academy in a building erected for that 
pm'pose in the southeast part of the village. This school was successfully conducted from 
1848 to 1853, and was the last of the select schools of Ai'mada. 

Rev. Ml'. Benton was pastor of the Congregational Church of Armada several years; 
removed to Iowa, where he died about the year 1870. Rev. Mr. True died in Armada 
Township in 1874. Of the teachers in the public school, it is impossible to even mention 
all. The following are some of them: Edwin Pettiljone, Clark Hall, S. E. AN'hitney, 

Stowe, E. M. Plunkett, A. S. Hall. Kidder, A. M. Keeler. The first structure 

soon gave place to a frame Ijuilding, anj was superseded by a brick building. This was 
enlarged to m^et the growing demands of the school, which is at present in a thi'iving con- 
dition. 

KIOKKAI'in'. 

This most important branch of township history must commend itself to every one. 
That it necessarily contains much valuable information, and the relation of a series of 
events more or less historic, must be conceded. Therefore, it is considered just and proper 
that anything which should clai)n a place in the pages devoted to it should be passed 
lightly over in the foregoing chajiters in order to avoid repetition, and to intermingle with 
these interesting sketches the more comjilete facts gleaned from the party who knows them 
best. 

EDWARD ADAMS, son of Nathan and Margaret A. (Smith) Adams, was born Au 
gust 7, 1S36; he became a teacher in the public schools, at which he engaged for five 
terms; was married. May 10. lN5i), to Elizabeth Coykendall, daughter of Emanuel Coy- 
kendall, Ontario County, N. Y. ; they had two children, both of whom are living on the 
homestead — Charles E., born April 12. 18(51; Ella. December 1, 1859. Mrs. A. was born 
July 19, 1839, in Ontario County. N. Y. Mi-. A. is a successful farmer, takes a great in- 
terest in the schools of the township and is politically a Republican. 

NATHAN ADAMS, son of John and Susanna (Morse) Adams, natives of Massachu- 
setts, was born in Cheshire. N. H.. November 1. 1809; married Margaret A. Smith, Octo- 



i V 



bw i;i. 1S8H. and moved to Macomb in the full of 1N;!4. aud settled on Section 18, in Ar- 
mada Townshi]). where he took from the Government UiO acres of land, which he improved 
and occupied niitil his death, which occiu'red Se|)tember 12. 1NT2; they ha<l ten children, 
three of whom ;u'e living. Mrs. A. was born December 2(). IM 1; she was the daughter of 
Isaiah Smith, a native of Orange County, N. Y., nesu- West Point, aud died December 27. 
ISfelO, on the homestead. Mr. A. was the first Town Clerk of the town of Armada, and 
has held responsible town offices since that time, and was Justice of the Peace at the time 
of his death; he was Treasurer of an Agricultural Society: was forward in all the im- 
provements of the coxuity. 

SETH ALDRICH was born in Berkshire County. Mass., November 2. 1804: removed 
to Macomb County in 1 S;i8. and bought of the Government two lots since known as the 
Briggs farm, on Section U, Ai'mada; this he sold before moving his family, and, in 1835, 
bought the farm on which he now lives, consisting first of eighty acres, to which he after- 
ward added \'M) acres; he married Rachel Burlingamo, a native of Berkshire, and had 
three children, all married aud living in Armada Township. Mrs. xlldrich died in 1844:, 
and he again married, Louisa Wyman, of Ontario, N, Y., and had one son — Charles — who 
lives on the homestead. The grandfather of the present Mrs. Aldrich, Isaac Page, served 
in the war* of the Revolution and received a pension for faithful services. 

CHARLES ANDREWS, son of Rev. Elisha D. Andrews and Betsey Lathrop, was 
born August 28. 1821 •, at Putney, Vt. : the family removed to West Bloomlield. N. Y.. in 
1828; lived there one year, and then removed to Mendon, two years; then to Pittsford, 
Monroe County, for ten years; they moved to Macomb County in 1841, and settled on 
Section 21, where they had previously piu'chased 800 acres of land; this land had been 
improved by a man named Tenyck, who was in the employ of Mr. Andrews; he afterward 
added to this same 400 acres more. As an illustration of the strife to locate land in those 
early days, it is told that Mr. Andrews and a neighbor named Hulett. wanted the same lot 
and both started for the office at Detroit at the same time to locate it. Mr Andrews had 
a team and the neighbor was on foot; the I'oaiis were fearful, but the team won the race. 
Mr. A. made the required deposit, when Hulett came up out of wind and short of patience, 
but too late, when it was discovered that they were not after the same lot at all ; both went 
home satisfied. Charles Andrews settled on his present farm in 1845, which consisted of 
840 acres. 170 cleared and a log house and a frame barn; a few years later, he built his 
present farm-house and more barns; he has lived here since that time, with the exception 
of about seven years spent in Ai-mada Village; he was made an officer in the township in 
an early day, and was made Supervisor in 1850. which office he held for eleven years, 
with satisfaction to the people, and is holding it at present; he was elected State Senator 
in 186G. and served for two terms; he was then appointed Deputy United States Collector 
for Macomb County for four years. Mr. A. was an organizer and first Director of the Ma- 
comb County and Armada Agricidtiu'al Societies, and was the first President of the Armada 
society, which office he held six sviocessive year's; he was married, January 20, 1845, to 
Charlotte Hewitt, daughter of Edmund Hewitt, of Ypsilanti, Mich,; she was born in Pitts- 
ford. N. Y.. in 1821; they had one son — Edmund H.. born November 14. 1845. married 
and lives in Ypsilanti. Mrs. A. died at that place May 27. 1846; married again. October 
24, 1840, to Mary M. Elliott, daughter of Andi-ew Elliott, a native of New Hampshire; by 
this marriage, they had two childi'en — Minnie A., born January 20, 1855. married H. L. 
Kendi'ick, and lives at Detroit, Mich.; Hattie B., born October 10, 1858, married H. J. 
Barrows, aud lives in Armada. The present Mrs. A. was born December 14, 1825, at 
New Castle, Me. ; her grandfather Elliott was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, 
and the family are descendants of the apostle John Elliott; her brother, the Rev. John 
Elliott, was a minister in the Presbyterian Chiurch, and was long a missionary to the Tus- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



carora Indians; they have been members of the Congregational Church of Armada for 
many years. Mr. A. has always taken a prominent part in all the interests of his town- 
ship: he has been a leader and a teacher of music since twenty years of age, and is at 
present a leader of the music in church and Sauday school. 

WILLIAM H. BAKER, son of Samuel Baker, of New England, was born Noviember 
'I(\ 171HJ. in Albany, N. Y. He was married, January 3. 182G, to Huldah Pettit, of Ben- 
ton, Herkimer Co.. N. Y., who was born May 21, ISdII; they came to Macomb County in 
the fall of 1!S27; settled in the town of Ray. on Section S. With the assistance of some 
of his neighbors, he built a small log cabin and went into it without door or window. 
His doors, window frames and sash, chairs, table and bedsteads were the work of his own 
hands, without ])aint or varnish. Their only neighbors within sight were wild beasts, 
such as deer and wolves, which came around their dwelling in abundance. One night, 
Mrs. Baker was engaged in boiling sap to relieve her husband, who was tired out with con- 
stant work, day and night. She had with her her little son, James, who was about five years 
of age. He soon fell asleep, lying on a quilt beneath a tree near the boiling-place. Soon 
after beginning her work of the evening, the wolves came so near she could hear them 
walking, and see their eyes sparkling in the darkness. She kept the long-handled dipper 
in the hot sajs and the fire burning brightly, and, after howling about an hour or two, 
they went off, and the brave woman kept on with her work until relieved by her husband. 
They had four children, one of whom still lives. In 1841, they went back to New York 
to take care of Mrs. Baker's parents. In 1844, they retiu-ned to Michigan and settled in 
St. Clair County, at a place afterward called Baker's Corners, where they remained for ten 
years. The rest of his life was spent in various places in Macomb County. They were 
members of the M. E. Chui-ch. In 1853, Mr. Baker was licensed to exhort, and shortly 
after was gi-anted local license, and followed this calling until his death. He died in 
1870, July 9, six miles northwest of Ai-mada Village. ]Mi-s. Baker still survives, at the 
age of eighty-two. Mr. Baker is remembered with the kindest of feelings. 

MARIA L. BAKER, the second daughter of William H. Baker, and the only sTirviv- 
ing one, was born February 18, 1829. At the age of sixteen, she began life as a teacher 
in the public schools, which continued twenty-three terms. She taught the first school in 
the Frost District School, consisting of nine scholars, five belonging to Mr. Frosfs family. 
The school was kept in Mr. Frost's house. She was married, September 6, 1865. to 
Charles M. Lamphere, and lives on Section 4, Armada; has one daughter, Nettie, born 
August 18, 1860, and living at home. 

DANIEL BABNES, son of Simon and Rachel (Skinner) Barnes, was born in this town- 
ship July 1, 1797; mai-ried Mrs. Phoibe (Smith) Becraft, August 11, 1S24, and moved to 
Macomb in 1835; lived on the Holman farm eight years; moved into Armada, where they 
now reside. Mrs. Barnes was born in New York, at Augusta, December 15, 1792: was 
married to Isaac Smith, by whom she had seven children, two of whom ai'e living; after 
her second marriage, six children were born, five of whom are living. 

DR. JOHN E. BARRINGER was born in Bristol, Ontario Co., N. Y.. July 16, 1841; 
received his primary education in New York and at the Canandaigua Academy, and began 
teaching in the public schools at the age of eighteen years, which was followed with suc- 
cess for four years; studied medicine four years with Dr. D. J. Mallery. at Bristol, N. Y. ; 
then entered the Michigan University, from which he removed to Ai-mada. in November, 
1863. where he has since been engaged in practice; was married, August 7, 1864, to 
Antinette, daughter of Moses Perkins, of Bristol, N. Y. ; has two children — Horace P. , 
born May 12, 1866: Alice A., born Jime 11, 1870. Mrs. B. was born August 7, 1839. 
Dr. B. has held several important offices in the township and society: he attends the Con- 
gregational Church and Sabbath school: in politics, he is a Democrat. 



^ 



t±^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



HIRAM BARROWS, son of David and Ruth Barrows, both of Massachusetts, was 
born in Wyoming County, N. Y., October II, IS24; removed with his father's family to 
Wisconsin, remaining for four years. Mr. B. came to ]Macomb County in 1 S4S, and set- 
tled on Section H, Ray Township, which ])lace he imjiroved and occupied until ISfir), ex- 
cept the time spent in the army; he was twice elected Justice of the Peace; also Super- 
visor for some years: be was married. September 15, 1N46, to Bathsheba C. Hathaway, a 
native of Ontario County, N. Y. ; she was born March 20. 1(S22; the children ai-e — David 
H. , born November S, bSSO, and Hiram J., born April 2. 1S5S. both married and living 
in Armada. Mrs. BaiTows died June 12. ISfiO. Mi-. B. married again, April It, 1S6S. 
Mrs. Agnes Little Brownlee. of Mt. Clemens; she is still living; they have one daughter 
— Ruth — born December <>, 1S6U. Mi-s. B. was born in Glasgow, Scotland, July 11, lS34; 
she had one daughter — Marion Little — born at Mt. Clemens August 20, 1^55. married 
Charles Carter and lives in Armada. Mr. B. enlisted in the Ninth Michigan Regiment 
Infantry, Comjjany A; was elected by the company Second Lieutenant; made First Lieu- 
tenant December 10, ISOl; was wounded in action and taken prisoner at Murfreesboro 
July 13, 1S62: exchanged August 27; made Captain October 18, lSfi2; mustered out No- 
vember 16, 1S04; returned home in March. 1SB5. The regiment was engaged in twelve 
battles, in all but one of which Mr. B. himself was engaged. Soon after the war, he, with 
Dr. Smith, began the erection of the first brick block in the village of Armada, upon the 
completion of which he commenced mercantile business; he was appointed Postmaster, 
in February, ISGl), which office he still holds; in 1S75, in company with Cyrus Farrar, he 
commenced the manufacture of cheese in the village, but he soon bought out the partner, 
and has since successfully prosecvited the work; he was elected Deacon of the Congrega- 
tional Church of Armada in lS4y; also Superintendent of the Sabbath school soon after, 
both of which positions he still holds; in politics, he is a steadfast Republican; the sons 
are engaged in business with their father, under the firm name of H. Barrows & Sons. 

DR. SAMUEL T. BEARDSLEE, son of Thomas Beardslee and Rachel Tuttle, 
daughter of E. Tuttle, of Sussex, N. Y., was born iii New Jersey August lU, 1S2N; moved 
with his parents to Oakland County in 1.S32; they cleared up a farm in the township of 
Independence, after which Samuel Beardslee commenced the study of medicine with Dr. 
Paddock, of Poutiac, and attended the medical course at Ann Arbor two terms and a 
course in chemistry; graduated from the Albany Medical Institute in 1S56; in IS")?, came 
to the village of Armada and began the practice of his profession, which he has prosecuted 
without interruption to the present time. Married, December IS, 1S7(), Betsey A., daughter 
of James McCanley, of Ontario Comity, N. Y. ; she was born January 3, 1844. and has one 
child — J. Allen, born December 11, LSTS. Dr. Beardslee has a fine residence in the vil- 
lage and a farm in Berlin of 257 acres; this property he has accumulated by his close at- 
tention to his practice. Li politics, he is a Republican. 

REY. HENRY N. BISSELL, son of Anson Bissell and Joanna Dart, daughter of 
Dr. Dart, of Vernon, Conn. ; his father was a native of East AVindsor, Conn. , and a Deacon 
of the Congregational Church of that place; he died December 28, 1S72, at Milan, Ohio, 
aged eighty-five years; the mother died at the same place October 28, 1846. aged sixty-one 
years. The family are direct descendants of John Bissell, the first of that name in 
America, who came from Somersetshire, England, and settled on the Connecticut River at 
Windsor, where many of the same name still reside. The subject of this sketch was born 
at East Windsor, Conn., June 2, 1816; he entered the Sophomore class of Yale College in 
1886 and graduated in 188i); taught in the Huron Institute, in Milan, Ohio, three years; 
then entered the Theological Department of the Western Reserve College, of Ohio, sup- 
porting himself and a brother, who afterward Ijeeame a missionarj' in India; he spent the 
first eight years of ministerial work in Lyme, Huron Co., Ohio; then as acting pastor for 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



twenty-seven years at Mt. Clemens. Macomb County, from 1S54; moved to Armada as 
pastor of the Congregational Church in ISSl. He was married. May 5. 1846, in Man- 
chester, Conn., to Elizabeth Hale, daughter of Nathaniel Hubbard, a native of Bolton, 
Conn. ; they have no children. Mr. B. has directed the education and assisted in bearing 
the expenses of two nephews, sons of the brother in India, who are now in the ministry in 
this State; he is and always has been a man of great energy and a hard worker and stu- 
dent, and is firm in the faith of the orthodox church; he is a Republican in politics. 

EBENEZER BROOKS, son of Ebenezer and Tamar (Ross) Brooks, natives of Wor- 
cester County, Mass. , was born January 15, ISOy, in Poultney, Vt. ; came to Macomb 
Coimty in 1S34; remained one year, and then returned and married Eliza P. Davis, daugh- 
ter of Elisha Davis, of Lancaster. Mass.; she was born October 2, ISOU; he took eighty 
acres of Government land on Section 7. Lenox Township, which he improved and sold in 
1868, moving to Armada Village, where he now resides; had one child — Charles D. — born 
May 5, 1886, died September. 1S5U. Mr. Brooks took an active part in all the interests of 
the county; was forward in promoting chiu'ch and Sabbath school work, and a Deacon of 
the Baptist Church, both in Lenox and at this place. In politics, he is a Whig, Free- 
Soiler and Republican. Grandfather William Brooks served his country in the war of 
the Revolution, being engaged in the battle of Bunker Hill and died of disease resulting 
from the war. 

WILLIAM H. BUMP was born in Mariden. Monroe Co., N. Y., March 29, 1827; he 
is the son of Robert and Cjmthia Btimp. The family moved to Romeo Village, May 1 5, 
1884. where they remained one and a half years. Robert Bump was a shoemaker by 
trade and worked in a shop with Judge Prentice and in the families of the settlers, going 
from home to home, a common practice of that day, styled whipping the cat; they moved 
to their farm, on Section 85, -li-mada, in October, 1885; the mother died in 1864, and the 
father fom- years later. Mr. B. was married. November 2, 1856, to Martha, daughter of 
Robert and Caroline Kelley, of Ontario; they have one daughter — Geneva, born August 
4. 1857. residing at home. Mr. B. has always been a Democrat in political faith and 
practice. 

ELIJAH BTJRK is a native of Mexico. N. Y., born June 18, 1S07; he lived in Western 
New York as a farmer until 1888, when he removed to Macomb County, settling on what 
is now the village of Armada; his brother. Norman Biu'k, had settled near the center of 
Armada Towushiii two years before. Mr. Bm-k moved through Romeo, thence to his 
brother's and cut his road from there to his land. He was married, December 20. 1S2U, 
to Betsey A. Burdick, a native of Cajiiga County. N. Y., born in 1812, and had four chil- 
di-en, all living; two sons served in the civil war. Mr. Bm-k was forwai-d in all that 
would benefit the new settlement; the first religious services were held at his house and 
he was a willing helper in the Sabbath school and other means of moral growth —always 
a strong temperance man and a Whig in politics. Mr. Bm'k is remembered with great 
affection by the old settlers of Armada, for his house often sheltered them till one could be 
built for them. Though poor himself, he would always divide with those more needy: a 
neighbor lost a cow ; Mr. B. gave him the use of one of his cows till the loss could be repaired ; 
his team was freely used by any who needed it, and people said: "If all men were 
like Mr. Burk. much of the' hardship of settling a new country would not be felt." He 
died at his home in Armada in 1S48. 

NATHANIEL CARTER, son of Nathaniel and Eunice (Lincoln) Carter, of Leomin- 
ster, Mass.. was born at that place February 20. 1806; his grandfather. Nathaniel, was a 
Captain in the war of the Revolution, and his great-grandfather, Nathaniel, was one of the 
fii'st settlers of New England. The name Nathaniel has run through five generations. 
They are of English extraction. Mi-. C. left Massachiisetts for the State of Michigan, Sep- 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tember '20, ISHl, arriving in Macomb County after a journey of twenty-five days; lie lo- 
cated eighty acres of land on Section H-t. and afterward bought eighty acres adjoining, 
on which he has made his present farm and has lived upon it continuously fifty-one years; 
in the month of March I'l,. 1888, he was married to Chloe Stewart, daughter of Edmund 
Stewart, and has had three children — George N. Cai'ter, born March 31, 1S34, who resides 
upon the old home farm; Mary J., born Ajsril 4, 1S58. died in infancy; Eddie B., born 
November 12, 1859, died July 6, 1863. Mr. C. has been a Republican from the birth of 
that party and has held several imjjortant township oiSces; he has given much thought 
and study to the subject of mechanism, and had at one time a mowing machine in opera- 
tion before the present mower was invented ; he has also studied much ui)on the subject of 
aerial navigation, and also a plan to propel canal-boats by means of compressed air — an 
idea which has since been put into successful operation; he built a saw-mill on Coon 
Creek, in 1833, being the second one east of Stony Creek; he has been a member of the 
Congregational Church thirty years; in 1858, a candidate on the Free-Stjil ticket for leg- 
islator. George N. Carter, son of the above, was born March 31, 1834, in Ai-mada Town- 
ship: has always lived upcm the home farm; was married, February 6, 1856, to Mary A. 
Simons, daughter of Charles Simons, Genesee County, N. Y. : they have had fom- children 
— Charles C, born May 4, 1857, who married Marion Little, August 19, 1880, and is now 
in business in Armada Village; Lottie J., born April 30, 1864, and died June 19, 1866; 
Eva B.,born October 4, 1867; Mary E., born September 16, 1874. Mr. and Mrs. C. have 
been members of the Congregational Church of Armada for many years. Mrs. C. was a 
successful teacher in the public schools. He is, in political belief, a Republican. 

CHAUNCY R. CHAMBERLIN, son of Beekman Chamberlin, born in Armada Feb. 
3, 1836; lived with his father's family on the homestead, on Section 4, Armada Township, 
and, in company with his brother David, still occupies it. He was married, October 25, 
1S63, to Mary, daughter of John C. Morris, of Pennsylvania; the children of this marriage 
are: Chauncy, born November C>, 1865: Susan, born August 3, 1867; John, born March 
24, 1870, died in infancy: Phebe, born August IN, 1871: Wilfred, born July 25, 1873; 
also an infant, who died March 9, 1875. Mrs. Chamberlin was born January 22, 1845. 
Mr. C. and brother are favorably known to the early settlers of the county as threshers for 
manv years; he is a Republican in politics. 

'MRS. DOROTHEA (THOMPSON) CHAMBERLIN, daughter of Isaac Thompson, 
formerly of Yates County, N. Y. , born at that place October 2, 1814; moved with her parents 
to Macomb County October 1, 1825, and lived in Bruce Township, neai' Romeo, until Febru- 
ary 29, 1840, when she was married to Charles W. Chamberlin, and settled on Section 33, 
Armada Township. Mr. Chamberlin died on this farm August 22, 1844; they had three 
children — Oscar, born June 28, 1841, enlisted in Company A, Ninth Michigan Infantry, 
at Armada, served three years, and was honorably discharged: he is married and now 
lives in Ray Township: Jane E., born Sejitember 28, 1842. married E. ^V. True, and lives 
at Ai-mada Village; Charles W., born November 29, 1844, now lives upon the homestead. 
Charles W. , son of above, was married December 1, 1869, to Mary J. Jury, of England; 
is farmer on the homestead and has two children — Adelbert, born September 17, 1871. and 
Fanny D., born July 30, 1876. The Chamberlins hoid to the doctrine of universal salva- 
tion, and, politically, are Republicans. 

GALEN CH.\\IBERLIN, son of Beekman Chamberlin. was born in Ontario Couuty, 
N. Y., May 12, 1817; removed to Macomb County in 1834; from 1850 to the present time, 
he has owned fai'ms in various places in Armada Township, and at present lives on Sec- 
tion 9; was married, in 1851, to Millia, daughter of Stephen Harrington; he has one son 
and one daughter, both at home. Beekman C, son of the above, born October 17, 1852, 
has always lived at home; was man-ied, September 17, 1876, to Hattie House, of St. Clair 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



County, and lias one child — Myi-tie Belle, born August '21, 187S; botli the Chamberlias 
are well known as threshers for many years; they are Republicans in politics. 

WILLIAM H. CLARK, son of Peter and Elizabeth (Wilson) Clark, was born in Hop- 
kinton, Mass., August 4, 1805. His father, Peter Clark, was a native of Newton, Mass., 
and was a soldier in the Revolution. Lived at that place until seventeen years of age, 
and then moved to Medway, Mass., as an apprentice in the manufacture of cotton machin- 
ery; followed this business for fifteen years, and then engaged in the di-y goods trade, 
at Springfield. Mass., now Chicopee, seven years; from here he moved to Michigan; in 
1S45. settled in Elba, Lapeer County, as a farmer, on a new farm near the Chippewa 
Indian Mission, and lived on this place; was Treasurer of Lapeer County for six years; 
moved to Macomb County in 1S(W, and settled on the ridge one mile west of Armada Vil- 
lage, called the Chamberlin place, where he now resides. He married Frances Martin, 
daughter of Mrs. Elizabeth Rodgers Martin, natives of Portsmouth, N. H. ; she was a de- 
scendant of the martyr, John Rodgers: they had ten children; six are living; his wife 
died at Lapeer City September 10, 187(3. 

WILLIAM H. CLARK, Jr., is the son of William H. Clark, of Massachusetts; he 
was born in Dover, N. H. , December 1'2, 1828; educated at Chicopee, Hampton Co., 
Mass., in the common schools; from the age of foui'teen to eighteen, he engaged in a 
wholesale commission house in Boston; in 1846, he came to Lapeer County, being one of 
the pioneers; he lived on a farm for two years: he began the study of law at Lapeer, 
Mich. ; was admitted to the bar at the August term of the Circuit Court, held at Lapeer in 
1858; he came to Ai-mada in November, 1858, and engaged in mercantile pursuits: at the 
end of four years, he enlisted, November 10. 18(52, in Company G, Eighth Michigan Cav- 
alry, of which he was Sergeant; he was promoted to Second Lieutenant, and was in active 
service until March, 1864, at which time he resigned on account of ill health; wasengaged 
in eighteen battles and skirmishes and once wounded; on returning home and recovering 
his health, he commenced the practice of law in the courts of Macomb County, in which 
business he still continues; he held the office of Circuit Com-t Commissioner for six years 
and Postmaster of Armada for four years; has always interested himself in agriculture; 
was one of the originators of the Armada Agi-icultural Society and a director in the same. 
In politics, he is a Democrat. He was married, October ID, 18")2,to Mary Shafer, daugh- 
ter of John Shafer, a pioneer of Lapeer County: they have four children — Mary F., born 
May 14, 1856, married K. S. Buck, and living in St. Clair County; William E., born De- 
cember 2, 1858. died February 24, 18(54; Emma E., born November (5, 18()5, living at 
home: Josephine, born November 26, 1871. Mrs. Clark was born June U, 1828, in Hills 
dale, Columbia Co., N. Y.: her father, who died February 22, 1SS2, located the land on 
which part of the city of Lapeer now stands, and made a plat of the city on record of 
Shafer's plat. 

JAMES CRA.WFORD. son of Robert Crawford, of Scotland, was born in Ayrshire, 
Scotland, June 24, 1827; emigrated to America in 18:51; they stopped at Buffalo two 
years, where the mother died of cholera: the family then moved to the vicinity of Romeo, 
and lived two years there; purchased eighty acres of land, on Section 17, to which the 
family removed; the father,' Robert Crawford, was a farmer and gardener in the mother 
country; he was born August 4, 1796, and still resides on the homestead. James Craw- 
ford was married. June 28, 1S56. to Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Borland, of Scotland, 
and had three children — Robert J., born September 1, 1857. a public teacher; Thomas, 
born December 10, 1858; Anna E., born April 28, 1N62, died February 15, 1876. Mr. 
Crawford is a farmer and stock-raiser; has a hop-yard which yields annually 1500; there is 
a pioneer on this farm in the person of " Old Nig" — a horse — which has reached the age 



^1 






of twenty-eight years, call of which he has spent on the farm. Mr. Crawford is a Ropuli- 
lican in politics. 

PHILIP C. CUDWORTH, son of David and Mary Cudworth, was born in the town 
of Richmond. Ontario Co.. N Y., March HO, ISll; the grandfather on the mother's side 
served in the war of the Revohition, and both were of English origin: he moved to Ma- 
comb County in October, 1S;^5, and settled on Section -54, in Richmond Township, and 
gave the name to that town; moved to his present farm in Ai-mada Township Ncivembei-, 
iSa^: was married, October 1, \8-io, to Tamsin Tnbbs, of Ontario County, N. Y. ; they 
have liad six children, five of whom still live — Xenophon O. ,born April IQ, 1887, mar- 
ried Martha Hicks and lives on Section 36, Armada: Philip, born December 24, J839, en- 
listed in Company A, Ninth Regiment, Michigan Infantry, under Col. Wilkinson, and 
died at West Point, Ky., of fever: Harriet, born November 10, 1842, married L. Fillmore 
and died in Lenox November 28, 1801; Gerusha A. born Junuary H, 1844. married 
Charles Chapman, and now lives in Iowa; Mary, born April 18, 1847, married Peter Scott 
and now resides at Decatur, Iowa, in the town of Grand River, and built the tirst house 
in that village: David S., born May 20. 1850. married Ilinda Fillmore, and lives on Sec- 
tion 8. Ray Township. Mr. and Mrs. Cudworth have been members of the Methodist 
Church for thirty-eight years; he voted the Democratic ticket twice, siuee which time he 
has been a Republican. He was the first Postmaster in Richmond, Mich., when the office 
supplied mail to six townships; the route was from Lakeville to St. Clair, and postage 
was from 10 to 25 cents per letter and Canada letters a good deal more. The gi-andfather 
of Mrs. Cudworth was a Revolutionary soldier; her family were of English and Scotch 
blood. 

XENOPHON O. CUDWORTH, son of Philip and Tamsin (Tubbs) Cudworth, was 
born in Richmond Township April 10. 1887; moved with his parents to Armada Town- 
ship in 1852. Was married, December 25. 1858. to Martha Hicks, and has three children 
— Philip Elton, born February 14, 1862, now living at home; Burton H. . born October 
26, 1866; Frank S.. born February 21, 1868. Mr. Cudworth worked a farm on shares, in 
Richmond Township one year, then purchased a farm of Mr. William Abbey, in Ai'mada 
Township. Section 86. paying therefor the sum of $2,250; in 186U. he built a substantial 
and tasty brick residence, in which he now resides; he has held responsible offices. 

JAMES DAVIDSON, son of William Davidson, of Ontario, Province of Canada, was 
born in the Dominion August 14, 1829; removed to Michigan in 1856, to St. Clair County, 
and to Macomb in May, 1862; settled in Section 8. Armada Township, where he now re- 
sides; now owns and works a farm of 115 acres. He is a carpenter by trade. He was 
married, October 12. 1855, to Lucinda Russell, of Ontario, who was born April 20. 1881; 
they have four childi-en — Loder, born August 20, 1856, died October 22, 1862; Elvira, 
born June 28, 1858; AVilliam. Jime 18, 1860; Agnes, May 12, 1862; James, June 17. 
1864. Mr. D. has made many improvements in his farm, and has succeeded as a farmer; 
he is a Republican. 

CHARLES DAVIS was born in Rhode Island March 7, 17'.)8; was the son of Benja- 
min Davis, who was a pensioner of the war of the Revolution, and died in the State of 
Rhode Island in the year 1800; the wife of Benjamin enjoyed the pension for some years, 
and died in Macomb County about the year 1840, at the age of ninety-two years. Charles 
Davis removed his family to Macomb in 1886, and settled on Section 19, Richmond, which 
was then a wilderness; he died in Armada Village in May, 1880. Mrs. Davis died in 1888; 
he married again, Lucinda AVhite, who still lives in the village. Mr. Davis had seven 
rhiklren, five of whom are still living. 

RILEY DAVIS, son of Charles and Chelsa H. (Dodge) Davis, of Rhode Island and 
New Hampshire, was born in Genesee County, N. Y., April 26, 1836; removed to Macomb 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



July, 1836: lived ia Eichmond till attaining his majority. Was married in 1865. to Eliza 
Berry, of Ontario, Canada: married again. February 16. 1881, to Mrs. Charles Snover. 
n6e Dulmadge: has one child— George R. Davis, born December 4. 1881: was a farmer in 
Richmond Township until 187U, at which time he removed to Ai-mada Village and engaged 
one year in a market; he still resides in the place and is a member of the Democratic party. 

SETH DAVIS, son of Charles Davis, of Rhode Island, and Chelsa (Dodge) Davis, of 
New York, was born in Richmond Township July 13, 184(1: lived on the homestead until 
1863: then enlisted in Company A, Michigan Provost Guards; was sent to the Upper 
Peninsula, stayed one summer there, and then went as commissioned officer with Capt. 
Cioodell; left the State, October 22, for Alabama; was in active service; promoted to First 
Lieutenant and discharged in three years, June 10, 1866. He returned to a farm in Eichmond, 
on Section 16, and was married, in September, 1867, to Lois E., daughter of William Gil- 
bert, of Iowa; she was born April 13, 1846; their children were: Ada M., born February 
1, 1870; Nellie B,, May 22. 1873; Bert C, May 26. 1879; Harry G., September 17, 1881. 
June 10, 1873. Mr. Davis left the farm and kept a hotel in Annada Village one year; 
then built a residence in the village, where he now resides; politically, he is a member of 
the Greenback party. 

DANIEL C. DAY, son of Russell and Charlotte (Smith) Day, was born in Bruce 
Township December U. 1849; always lived at home; was married, January 14, 1880. to 
Belle Quick, of Macomb County, daughter of Henry Quick, of Ontario County, N. Y., born 
July 17, 18r)7; has one child — Clarence, born June 1, 1881. Mr. D. resides in the village 
of Armada, manages a small farm and engages in the packing and sale of small fruit; in 
politics, he is a Republican. Elizabeth Day Bennett, sister of the above, born January 
19, 1842, married, February 14, 1865, to Watson Bennett, who died in Illinois by an ac- 
cident, March 4, 1873: she has one daughter and lives in Macomb County. Russell Day 
(deceased), son of Erastus and Lucy Willard Day, natives of Dalton, Mass.. was born at 
Leeds, Elizabeth Co., C. W., May 24, 1813. The family made but a short stay in Canada; 
moved to Genesee County, N. Y. ; the family removed to Romeo, Macomb Coimty, in 
1828, a'--d settled on land near Romeo; on the death of his father, he a.ssumed the home 
fai-m until 1843. He was married. March 1, 1841, to Miss Charlotte Smith, daughter of 
Isaiah Smith, of Aurelius, Cayuga Co.. N. Y. : she was born September 15, 1815: they had 
eight children, of whom six are living, all in Macomb County; in 1843, he exchanged the 
old farm for land on Section 19, .Armada: soon exchanged this for a farm on Section 24, 
in Bruce, where he spent the greater portion of his life: in 1860, he sold this farm and 
bought on Section 13. Bruce, where he lived sixteen years; went to a small place in Ai-- 
mada Township, Section 30, two years; then to Ai-mada Village, where he died June 13, 
1880. Mi-s. D. still lives in Armada Village. He was a genial, kind-hearted man, foi-ward 
in improvements and right in all moral questions; in politics, a Republican. 

URIEL DAY, son of Harry Day, of Dalton, Mass., and Nancy Chamberlin. of the 
same place, was born in Otsego County. N. Y., December 10, 1810': lived nine years in 
Pennsylvania and moved to Macomb County in 1833, and cleared a farm on Section 7, Af- 
mada Township, on which he still resides. He was married, September 12, 1833, to Olive 
Sperry, who was born August 22, 1812: they haa four children — Emily, born June 25, 
1834, "married S. Hulett, andlives in Armada Township: Cordelia, born June 8, 183/, mar- 
ried H. Howgate, and lives in Washington, D. C. : Caroline, born December 16, 1839, married 
Robert McKay, and lives in Bruce Townshij); Lucinda E. ,born October 16, 1862, married 
John McKay, and lives in Annada Township. Mr. Day has been a prominent man in the 
early history of Macomb County, and is, in politics, a Republican: he has been for many 
years a member of the M. E. Church and assisted in building churches at Romeo and 
Armada. 



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S't^" 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



GIDEON DRAPER was born Juue 16, 1812, in Ontario County, N. Y.; came with 
the family of his father to Maoomb County in 18H1 : his father was Daniel Draper, born 
in the town of Rupert, in the State of Vermont, ou the 18th of October, 1778; he was 
married in that place and had one child: in iSO'i. he moved to the State of New York, 
and had eight other children: three of his children still survive: he owned and improved 
laud in several places in Armada Township, and died in 18()(\ Mrs. D. died three years 
later. On arriving at the age of twenty-one, Gideon Draper bought land in Armada which 
he sold to Uriel Day, and again bought on Section ■"), at the rate of $") per acre; this he 
converted into a home and occupies it at present. September 1."), 18>!6, he married Eliza, 
daughter of Phebe Benedict, a native of New York, and they had seven children — Adam 
C. born December IT), 1887. Adamantha C, born March 8, 183',*: Cvnthia J., Januarv 1, 
1841; Elijah P. ^ June L'H, 1848; Gideon. December 23, 1845; Alice, June 13, 1847, 
died June '24, 18/3: Milton W., born March 12, 1849, served in the late war, as did also 
his brother Elijah; Milton died at Huntsville, Ala., March 6, 1865. Mrs. D. died at the 
homestead May 23, 1877. aged sixty-one years. Mr. D. ha.^ been a member and steward 
in the M. E. Church forty-four years, and held, most of the time, an office in the church, 
and contributed to the erection of chm'ches in several places; an officer in the township 
and society, a Justice of the Peace for twenty-two years; politically, a Republican. 

ORSON C. DUNHAM, son of Daniel Dorreiice Dunham anil Julia A. (Clark) Dun- 
ham, was born January 11, 1836, at Rockport, Cuyahoga Co.. Ohio; moved from Ohio 
with his parents to Macomb County and settled on Section 36, Armada Township, where 
he lived two years and then moved to the west side of the same section, where they made 
their home until 1876, when they moved to their present home, on Section 35. same town- 
ship; the father died at this place November 11, 1867. Orson was man-ied, November 13, 
1864. to Salina Walton, of Richmond Township, and has one child — (!harles, born Feb- 
ruary 2. 1874. The great-grandfather on the mother's side was a Revolutionary soldier, 
and the grandfather served in the war of 1812. The mother is still living with him on 
the old farm. Politically, Mr. Dunham is a Republican. 

THE FARRAR FAMILY. Phineas Farrai- was a native of Marlboro, N. H. ; mar- 
ried to Abigail Stone, of the same jjlace, and all his children, ten in number, were born 
at that place; he was a farmer in New Hampshire, from which he i-etired in the year 
1850. and removed to Macomb with his son Charles, and died September 24, 1855; his 
wife died in New Hampshire some years before. Charles Farrar, son of the above, was 
born November 10, 1796; he spent his younger yeai's in Boston as a carpenter and came 
to Macomb County June I'J, 1832, and settled on Section 30, Armada Township, and be- 
gan at once to develop the water-power, since known as Farrar" s Mill; he tirst put in ma- 
chinery for the manufactui'e of hand-rakes: afterward added the manufacture of clothes- 
pins, broom-handles, etc. ; after two years started a saw-mill, and in these branches of 
business he was engaged until the time of his death, which occurred April 26, 1863. j\Ir. 
Farrar was married. March 11, 1822, to Dorcas, daughter of Abram Cooledge, of Troy, N. 
H., and had three sons — Merrill P., born at Boston May 19, 1823, now living on the home- 
stead; Charles C, born at Boston October 26, 1825, now living in the city of Flint; Cyrus 
S . born at Boston October 16, 1831, now at East Saginaw, Mich. Mrs. Farrai' died at 
the homestead May 12, 1855. Mr. Farrar was afterward married to Mrs. Mary D. Bar- 
bour, who still survives. Merrill P. Farrar, son of the above, was born May 19. 1823; 
came to Maeoml) County with his parents in 1S;)2, and became a farmer upon the home- 
stead. He was married, September 12, 1848, to Sarah, daughter of Moses Perkins, of Troy, 
N. H., and had two children — Mary B., born Jul}' 19, 1849, died at home December 10, 
1871; Hattie M., born July 17, 1851, married Frank L. Day, September 2, 1873, died at 
the old homo February 27, 1880. Mrs, Farrar died January 19, 1854, Mr, Farrar again 



i V 



4^ 



married. Ann M. Pringle, April 80, 1856. Han-iet Farrar, daughter of the above, mar- 
ried Frank L. Day, and had two childi'en — Harry, born September 24, 1874: Hattie E.. 
born November 11. 1S77. The family has always been Congi-egational and Repiiblican 
in polities, and Mr. Merrill Farrar has held responsible township offices many j-ears. 

HEZEKIAH FARRINGTON. the son of James and Nancy (Ames) FaiTiiigton. was 
born in Canada January '29, 1882; his parents were natives of New England; his mother 
died in Ai-mada Febraary ■">. 186(3; his father lives at present at Almont, Mich., at the age 
of eighty-eight years. Mr. Farrington settled on a farm near the center of Armada Town- 
ship; the mother died in Armada Township Februarys. 1865. Mr. F. was a sailor on the 
lakes from tif teen to twenty-five yeai's of age. He man-ied Alvira, daughter of A_rchibald Dun- 
ham, of Macomb County, March 18, lSr)7, who died in Ai-mada Township January 5, 1861; 
married again. October 1."), 1868, to Theresa Pomeroy, daughter of Oscar Pomei-oy, of New 
York, who died in Ai-mada Township, Mich., in 1850; they have one child — Austin, born 
March 6, 1865 ; Mr. F. moved to his present farm in 1861 and has occupied it since that time. 
Mrs. Pomeroy. daughter of Hinksman Butterfield. a native of New Hampshire, was born 
at Alden. Erie Co.. N. Y., February 20, 1826: she came with her parents to Macomb in 
the fall of 1882; her husband, Daniel O. Pomeroy, was born in Genesee County, N. Y.. 
August 10, 1821: they were married March 1 1, 1844: his father, John Trumbull Pomeroy. 
was born in Yennont April 4, 17U4, and died in Orleans County, N. Y., in 1888; the par- 
ents of Mrs. Pomeroy located in Anuada Township, where the family have since resided; 
her father died November 12, 1865; her mother still lives, at the age of eighty-six. Mrs. 
Pomeroy had four children, two of whom. Mrs. Farrington and Mr. Pomeroy. are living in 
Ai'mada Township. The family removed fi'om New York to Tecumseh. Mich., with oxen 
and wagon and one of the inconveniences lii'st felt was the want of a spring wheel; their 
own was left at Detroit, and no other could be obtained. After moving to Macomb, the But- 
tertields were in straitened circumstances, and, for a short time, in 188(i. lived on buds 
and young leaves gathered in the woods, boiled and eaten with milk and butter, of which 
they "had plenty. After the death of the father. John, the Pomeroy family removed from 
Ontario. N. Y.. to Macomb, and settled in the townships of Ray and Ai-mada: they are 
Yermout people and have resided in various places in that State and in others: a mem- 
ber of the family. Mortimer C. is now living in St. Clair County. 

AMOS FINCH, son of Sylvester and Almeda Finch, was born in Armada Township 
July 11. 1886: enlisted in the army July 25, 1862. in Company E. Fifth Cavalry: spent 
three months in di-ill at Detroit; was engaged in the battle of Buckliu Mills; here all the 
officers of the company and many privates were taken prisoners, and many died. Mr. 
Finch was elected Coi-poral at Detroit, and promoted to Sergeant at Washington; to Lieu- 
tenant on July 3. 1865. and was mustered out at Leavenworth. Kan., June 27, 1865; took 
part in three battles, and endured much hardship; upon leaving the army, he re- 
turned to the old homestead, in Armada Township, upon which he has always lived. He 
was married. September 24. 1867. to Anna Smith, daughter of Isaiah Smith, of New 
Y'ork. Mi's. Finch was born September 24. 1847: they have three children. Sylvester 
Finch, son of Albert and Chloe (Knapp) Finch, was born in Dutchess County, N. Y.. March 
1, 1805; came to Romeo in 1824 with the Finch family: in 1828. he bought land of the 
Government, on Section 80. Armada Township, which he partly cleared, and sold in 1885. 
and located on Section 15. where he died November 2, 1875; JIi-s. F. was born in West 
Bloomlield. March 1, 1810; she was the daughter of Roswell Webster, a native of Connec- 
ticut; she still lives on the homestead; they had ten children, eight of whom are living. 

JAMES FLOWER, son of William and Eunice (Kilbourn) Flower, was born in 
Delhi October IS, 1808; his father was a native of Ashiield, Mass., and his mother of the 
same place. Mi-. F. moved to Macomb County in the fall of 1854; opeueil a store of gen- 
43 ' 



.1^ 



698 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



eral merchandise at the branch, now called Armada Corners, in 1835, in which he continued 
for three years; in 1838, he bought \'20 acres of laud on Section 3(t, Richmond Township, 
which he cleai-ed up and made his home uutil 1874. adding to the original purchase 167 
acres: iu 1S74, he removed to Armada Village, where he now resides. He was married, 
DfCfiubcr 'I'l. 1834, to Eliza, daughter of Asa Ingraham, of this county: they had six 
children, four of whom are living. Mrs. F. was born in 1810, and died iu Armada No- 
vember 4, 1881. Mr. F. was a member of the Legislature in 1849; has held offices in the 
township for many years and was prominent in the advancement of the new country; he 
has always been a Democrat in. politics. 

AMOS N. FREEMAN, son of Joseph and Syhia (Newman) Freeman, born in Onon- 
daga County. N. Y. ; moved to Macomb in 1824. and settled on a farm in Ai-mada Town- 
ship; in the year 18"i0. he bought a tract of wild land, where he spent most of his life; 
he was man-ied, in 1843, to Maria R. Fraleigh. and raised a family of six children; his 
wife died in 1875, and he married Mrs. Cordelia Leviugs, of Richmond Township; they 
are now living in Armada Township; a Republican in politics and a Methodist in religion. 

ARCHIBALD FREEMAN, son of Moses and Anna (Powell) Freeman, born in Wash- 
ington Township November 23. 1830; lived at home till the twenty-seventh year of his 
age. He then married Emily Jewell, daughter of Jeremiah Jewell, November o. 1857; then 
[)m-chased the farm on which he now resides, December 26, 1857, linown as the John 
AVai-ner farm: they have two children, viz , Adna J., born February 11, 1860; Hattie, 
born September 5, 1864, both of whom are now living on the homestead; in 186(\ he 
built the residence in which the family at present reside; has good and tasty barns and all 
the appliances of a siiccessful business. 

NEWMAN FREEMAN, son of Moses and Anna (Powell) Freeman, was born in Wash- 
ington Township April 27, 1832; has always lived on the farm inherited by his father; 
was married, June 2, 1864, to Mary A. Frost, of Armada Village, and has one child, Elva 
A., born January 22, 1867, now living at home. Mr. Freeman is a successful farmer; has 
a fine and commodious residence and good surroundings. Mr. Freeman voted at the birth 
of the Republican party for J. C. Fremont and has since voted with that party. 

EDAVIN A. FROST, son of Aljen L. and Judith E. (Phelps) Frost, born in Armada 
•lanuary 11, 1848; always lived on the homestead, except three years spent in Richmi.nd 
Township; man'ied. May 23. 1872, to Miss Laura J., daughter of David B. Grout, of On- 
tario County. N. Y., and has the following children: Hattie E., born February 15. 1873; 
Joel E., February 1. 1877. Mr. F. owns and occupies the homestead near the village of 
Armada; he is prominently connected with several organizations of the county; in politics, 
he is a Republican. Allen L. Frost (deceased), son of Bezaleel and Nancy (Luce) Frost, 
natives of Massachusetts, was born at Williamsburg, June 28, 1804; moved to New Y'ork 
while a boy. thence to Macomb County, in 1835, where he bought and cleared up a farm 
and made it his home for a life-time. He was married, at Gainesville, N. Y., January 2U, 
1828, to Mary Smith, and had a family of four children, one of whom still lives. Mi-s. F. 
died October 2, 1844, when he married Judith Phelps, September 4, 1845, who has three 
children — sons — Edwin A., born January 11. 1848; Walter I., born July 24. 1851; Fred 
R., born July U. 185(i, a medical graduate. Mr. F. was ])ersonally identified with all the 
imi)rovements of the new county, an organizer of the M. E. Chiu'ch of Armada and a life- 
long member of the same: a strong supjiorter of the anti-slavery party and a firm Repub- 
lican; his second son, Joel, was in the war of the rebellion, and was killed at Cedar 
Mountain August U, 1862; an uncle was a soldier of the Revolution, in the retreat from 
(ijuebec, and suffered all the hardships of that time. Mr. F. died at the homestead April 
24. 1874. 






HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 699 



HORACE GARLICK, fifth son of Samuel and Lucy (Mead) Garli-k, natives of Bos- 
ton, was born in Boston October 12, 180U. Samuel Oarlick, a soldier in the war of ISI'J, 
served until the clos^of the war. His grandfather was born in England. Horace Garlick 
moved with the family to Connecticut; here the father owned a tide-mill, which was sold 
in 1818, and the family moved to Auburn, N. Y. ; the father died in Oakland County in 
1830, the mother in Jackson County in 1846. Mr. G. was in Black Rock, now Buffalo, 
seven years, as miller: in Ingham County, Mich., on a farm of 120 acres, in 1837: re- 
mained two years: retiu-ning to Buffalo, engaged in a flouring-mill: then to Jackson, 
Mich., in a grocery store, two years: thence to Macomb County, and engaged in milling at 
Mt. Clemens in 18-1:."). He was married, September 20, 1SH2, in Ontario County, N. Y., 
to Delila Warner, who had three children, one of whom is living — Mrs. Fitch, of Mt. 
Clemens. Mrs. G. died April 7, 1847. at Jackson, Mich. ; he married. September 7, 1848, 
Mrs. Nancy L. House: had one child. Dr. Fred M. Garlick. of Richmond. Tlie second 
wife died at Mt. Clemens May 31, LS.'jI; married. February 10, 1853. Mrs. Sarah Litfkin 
Goodale. a native of New York, liorn February 10. 1820; they had one child —Lizzie E., 
born March 20, 18uU, died iu Romeo August lU, 18G0; Mr. G. remained in Romeo foiir 
yeai's. managing the Garlick House: in the fall of 1860. came to Ai'tnada, where he has 
since remained, being in the hotel five years: then retired to a private residence of twenty- 
one acres of land in the village of Armada; the father and six boys were millers and en- 
joyed the reputation of being first-class workmen; in politics, a Whig and then a 
Republican. The mother of Mrs. G., Sarah Goodale. was born in 17U6, March lU, on 
the Hudson River, at Charleston, N. Y. ; is now living with her daughter in Armada: she 
is the mother of eight children, four of whom are living. 

FULTON PAGE GOYER, son of Holly and Mary L. Goddell Goyer. was born Octo- 
ber 31, 1851. His father died at the homestead in Ai-mada Township, May 3, 1880. His 
mother died at the same place July 2U, 1860. The subject of this sketch left home at the 
age of seventeen, and worked with his uncle, Perrin C. Go'xlell, at raih'oad carpentering, 
on the Michigan Central Railroad, two years, then worked eighteen months for the same 
company as locomotive fireman: at the ex^Jiration of the time named, changed to the Tole- 
do, Wabash k, Western Railroad, occupying the same position nearly three years. He then 
returned to his father's fai-m, and was maiTied, May 10. 1875, to Sarah E. Herbert, a na- 
tive of Ontario County, N. Y. They have one child, Herbert, born October 13, 1878. 
Mr. Goyer is at present a farmer, and is making the breeding of fine Spanish Merino sheep 
a specialty. 

LEWIS GRANGER, son of Thaddeus and Julia E. Granger, natives of Massachu- 
setts, was born March K', 1N26, near Ala-on, in Portage County, Ohio. The father served 
a short time in the war of the Revolution, having enlisted at the age of sixteen, neai- the 
close of the war. He died in September,' 1S25, and the mother received a land warrant 
for his services. She died in Memphis, this county, in 1S6N. Mr. Granger is a third 
cousin of the Postmaster General, Gideon Granger, who was one of the first to hold that 
position under the United States Government; also, a relative of Lord Dudley, of England, 
who lived a centur}' or more ago.. Mr. Granger removed to Macomb County in 1S46; set- 
tled at Memphis and engaged in the mercantile business for about twelve years; removed 
to Armada Village in 1871. and again engaged in mercantile business; was man-ied, Sep- 
tember 26, 1S47, to Sarah J. Perkins, of New York, who died February 24, 1853, leaving 
one child, Hettie, born September 25, 1852, who married H. C. Mansfield, of St. Clair 
County, present Register of Deeds for that county, formerh- Modos. ^Ir. Granger mar- 
ried, November 22. 1854, Han-iet A. Brownell, of New York. They have had fom- cliil- 
di-en — Frank, born Mav 5, 1856, died in infancy; Francis B., born August 12, 1S59; 
Charles L.. born Septeiinber 6, 1861; Libbie, born July 27, 1863. In February, 1880, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Mr. Granger sold his store, and, after a short Irasiness engagement in Detroit, again com- 
monceil business, in a fruit evajwrating establishment at Armada, which he still pursues. 
The building devoted to this is 114x40 feet, a portion of which is frost-proof. The estab- 
lishment is capable qf using annually 20. 000 bushels of green fruit, and of employing 
forty persons. He is a prominent member of the Congregational Sabbath school of this 
village; late a Justice of the Peace, and a strong advocate of temperance. In polities, he 
is a Republican of the old anti-slavery type. 

ZARA GRANGER, son of Zara and Sally (Richardson) Granger, was born on Grosse 
Isle, Detroit River, August 4. 1S30. His father was a native of New York: mother, of 
Maine: moved to Macomb in 1830 and settled in township of Chesterfield, near Mt. Clem- 
ens, where they cleared up a farm. The father died in 1878; the mother, in 1874. In 
November, 1878. Mi-. Granger bought a, farm in Richmond Township, which he kept till 
1881, when he sold it, and removed to Armada Village and engaged in a meat market; 
married, February '2(), 1851, to Miss Marilla Maybee, and had seven children —Elenor. born 
December 1, 1855, died an infant; George L.. born August 31, 1857; Henrietta, torn in 
April. 1860; Ella, born in April, 186"2; Addie, born in October, 1864; Clara, born in Jan- 
uary, 1870: Biirt, born in September, 1874. Mr. Granger has been a thresher of grain 
thirty-live seasons; in politics, a Republican. 

ASA B. HAMLIN, son of Trmnau and Anna (Bowen) Hamlin, was born at Greenfield, 
Saratoga Co., N. Y., March 5, 1813. His father was a native of Rhode Island and his 
mother of Connecticut. They both moved to Jeft'erson County, N. Y., while young, and 
died there. His father served by proxy in the war of 1812. The subject of this sketch 
lived with his parents, in Saratoga County, till coming to Macomb County, which took 
place in 1866, stopjiing a season in Romeo. He then purchased the farm in Armada 
Township, Section 29. known as the Priest Shaw farm, on which he now resides; was 
married to Lora Ann Wheeler, daughter of William Wheeler, of Jeflerson County, who 
died at her native place jNIarch 7, 1859. He afterward married Miss Maria F. Merriam, 
a native of Jeflerson County, who was born July 11. 1820, now living. His children are 
Lydia Ann, born February 28, 1841, married and living at Romeo Village; William T. , 
lx)rn November 10, 1847. now living at Port Huron, Mich.; Ella B., born June 17, 1855, 
married and lives in Armada Towushiji; Abigail S., born March 5, 185U, married and 
living at Armada Village. The children were all by the former wife, and were born in 
Jeilerson County. Mrs. Hamlin's parents (Merriam) were formerly of Connecticut, and 
moved to Jefler.sou County, N. Y., in 1806, when that place was a wilderness, and were 
forward in the development of it. The family name of the mother was Ca ly (Eunice). 
She died in September, 1862. The father died July 20, 1860. He served in the war of 
1812, and was honorably discharged. Mr. Hamlin is Christian in form of worshij), and 
was a Whig, transferring his allegiance to the Republican party at its birth. He is and 
has always been a farmer, and makes the manufacture of clieese a sjjecialty. His cheese 
has always met with approval, and has commanded the highest market price. 

ALFRED HARRINGTON, sou of Morey Harrington, was born in Ontario County, 
N. Y.. July 12, 182(X and, at the age of thirteen, went to work by the month till the fam- 
ily moved to Macomb, in 1839, after which he spent ten years clearing land for other peo- 
ple, when he bought the farm he now owns: married, in 1838, Abigail Beach, of Ontario, 
N. Y., and had four children, two of whom are living. Mrs. Harrington died in March, 
1876; married again. February, 1877, to Mary M. Webb, who still survives. Mr. Har- 
rington joined the M. E. Church in 1859, and for the last sixteen years has been a local 
and itinerant preacher of that denomination. 

MOREY HARRINGTON was born at Rutland, Vt , December 29, 1794. He moved 
to Macomb Cottnty in 1839, and settled on Section 30, Armada, on the farm since known 



as the Howell place, where he stayed but a short time, then settled on Section 5, which 
he improved, and where he died in 1S59. He was the father of thirteen children, five of 
whom still live; was a local preacher of the Methodist Episcopal connection for forty years, 
and aided in the development of religious sentiment in Northern Macomb. His wife died 
at the homestead. 

HIRON J. HATHAWAY, son of Chandler and Dency (Jones) Hathaway, born at 
Carthage. Genesee Co.. N. Y.. August 15, 1S20. His parents were natives of Ontario 
County, N. Y'. ; grandparents, of Vermont. The mother's jjeople were from Massachu- 
setts. Several uncles served in the war of 1812. The father died in New Y'ork in 1820: 
the mother, in March, 1881, at Ai'mada Village. Hiron J. came to Macomb in 1841 and 
settled on Section 35. where he now resides. He was married, September, 1841, to Cath- 
arine, daughter of Allen Briggs, of Ontario. N. Y., who served in the war of 1812 and 
died in Macomb County in 185(1. Mr. Hathaway had three children — Chandler, born Au- 
gust 24, 1842: Dency A., born November KX 1844. married Rock Bailey, and died in 
June, 1865: Sarah J., born October 5, 1847, married William Crittenden and lives at 
Mt. Clemens. Chandler Hathaway, son of above, maiTied, July 14, 1863, to Elizabeth, 
daughter of Richard Bailey, has two children — Dency, born March 31, 1872; Jennie, born 
February 21, 1879. He resides on the homestead, and has always been a fanner, except 
about thi'ee years, when he was engaged in the inauufactiu'e of brooms in Romeo. He has 
a hop-yard, and makes the culture of that crop a specialty, in which he has met with good 
success. In political affinity, he has always been a Democrat. 

MIRON S. HOLMAN is the son of Asa and Nancy Farrar Holmau, was born March 
28. 1820. at Marlboro, N. H. His grandfather was a native of Boston, Mass., and re- 
moved at an early date to Roxbm-y. N. H. , where his son Asa was born in 17U3. The 
family removed to Macomb County in 1831: settled on Section 29, where he lived for six 
years, when he removed to Romeo, where the father died October Id, l.Sf)8. The mother 
was born in Maidboro. N H., in 1795. and died at Owosso. Mich., December 25. 1867. 
The subject of this sketch spent some years in the South, working at the carpenter's trade, 
then engaged in building in Romeo Village for about two years; he then engaged in busi- 
ness in Detroit for about twelve years, and in 185() made a trip to California, during the 
height of the gold excitement: his health failing, he soon returned, and then purchased 
the Farrar mill property in 1857, where he has since been engaged in the manufacture of 
horse and hand rakes. He was married, September 11, 1845, to Anna C, Quackenboss, 
daughter of Daniel and Abigail Quackenboss, natives of New York. They removed to 
Detroit when she was eighteen years of age. Her gi'eat-grandfather served in the 
war of the Revolution, and her grandfather enlisted in the war of 1812, Vnit, being under 
age, was rejected upon examination. They have had children, as follows: Olin Q., born 
May 20, 1847. now living in Iowa, at Creston; Sarah E., born April 8, 1853, died in in- 
fancy: Carrie G. . born July 7, 1854, died January 5, 1857: RoUin G., born Januaiy 31, 
1861, living in Creston, Iowa: Abbie L., born February 7, 1873. Mr. Holman still owns 
and occupies the old factory, making good work out of the best material. He is a Repub- 
lican in politics, and a Congregationalist in his form of worship. 

S. SMITH HOLMES, deceased, was bom in Livingston County, N. Y.. October 4, 
1811 ; removed to Macomb in 1834. and lived some years near Armada Village, then moved 
to Section 4. Armada Township, where he lived to the time of his death, which occurred 
November 5, 1876; married, in 182'.(, Sally A., daughter of Beekman Chamberlain, and 
had five children, four of whom are living. Mrs. Holmes was born August 12, 181*). and 
died December 18. 1876. Mr. Holmes was a blacksmith, and had a shop in connection 
with his farm. 



^« 



rr^ 



HISTOltY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



NEWTON HULETT, son of Oratus Hulett and Eunice (Carpenter), was born in 
Armada Township September 7, 1845, and has always lived on the homestead. He has 
added to it 120 acres, and now owns 240 acres, with good buildings, and all in tine con- 
dition for profitable work. He was married, January 23, 1808, to Huldah, daughter of 
John Corbiu, of Macomb County, and has children as follows: Minnie, l)orn November 6, 
1808; Orvy, born November 13, 1874; John N., born September 10, 1871: Narina B. , 
born January 28, 1877; Cora A., born January 9, 1873; Orris, born May 12, 1881. Mi'. 
Hulett is a successful farmer, and strives to be at the head of his profession; in politics, 
a Eepiiblican. 

ORATUS HULETT, son of Paul Hulett, of Vermont, of Scotch descent, was b.jrn at 
Eutlaud, Vt., January 10, 1800: moved to Macomb County in 1830 and settled on land 
purchased of Government, on Section 20, Armada, which he occupied to the time of his 
death, which took place September 25, 187(5. He was married, first to Sally Spaulding, . 
of Vermont, September 21, 1820, who died March 20, 1829; by this marriage he had three 
children, all of whom are dead. He then married Miss Eunice Carpenter, of Rutland, 
Vt., January ,14, 1830; by this marriage he had seven children, foiu- of whom still sur- 
vive. Mrs. Hulett' s ancesters, the Newtons, were siu'vivors of the Revolution, and later, 
those of the same name served in the war of 1812. They were a hardy people, and lived 
to extreme age. 

SAMUEL HULETT, son of Oratus and Eunice Hulett, was born in Rutland, Vt., Feb- 
ruary 22, 1833; moved with his father's family to Macomb County in 1835. Mr. Hulett, in 
company with his brother, carried on his father's farm for about eleven years, then bought 
a farm on Section 10, Armada, which piu-chase was made in 1803. This farm was known 
as the Taylor place. The same year, he bought the Johnson place, adjoining his own. 
His farm now comprises 520 acres. He was married, July 22, 1800, to Emily, oldest 
daughter of Uriel Dav, of Armada Township. They have five children — Ivy, born Jan- 
uary 31, 1802; Uriel," born November 4,1865; Burton, born August 18, 1868; Eddie, 
born February i, 1871: Bruce, born January 1, 1876. Mrs. Hulett was born in Armada 
Township June 25, 1834. Mr. Hulett is a large dealer and feeder in fat stock; has 
erected a fine brick residence, and has a good farm, wind-mill. etc. Politically, he is a 
Rei)ublican. Mr. Hulett has a family horse which is more than thirty years old. 

W. IRVING HULETT. son of Oratus and Eunice Hulett, was born November 23, 
1834; has always lived on the land which was secured by him at the time of his marriage, 
which is on Section 20, known as the Bancroft farm. He was married, January 14, 1862, 
to Anna McCati'erty, of Bruce Township. They have foiir children, all living at home. 
Mrs. Hulett was born February 17, 1844. Mr. Hulett is a prosperous farmer, and a mem- 
ber of the Republican l)arty. 

NATHAN HURD was born in Welland County, Canada West, August 7, 1825. His 
father was a native of Vermont, and, in the year 1834, removed to Lapeer County. This 
was at that time a wilderness, inhabited only by wild beasts and Indians. The nearest 
commercial point at that time was Pontiae, a small village of two or three stores and a 
grist-mill, to which they made a weary pilgi'image at long intervals for their grists and 
scanty gi-oceries. He lived here till 1853, then moved to Macomb County and settled in 
Ai-mada Township. In 1800, he removed to St, Clair County, and enlisted in Company 
H, Fourth Michigan Volunteer Infantry, and did service in the army one year: in 1877, 
returned to Armada and engaged as general blacksmith and carriage-maker, and is so en- 
gaged at present; married, in Armada, September 3, 1849, to Diana M. Perry, of Massa- 
chusetts: she was boi-n in October, 1831, and has thi-ee children — Alice, Celia M. and 
Adelia J. He has buiit a tine house, and is a careful and industrious mechanic. 



i> 'V^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUXTY. 



JOSEPH A. INGRAHAM was bom in Outario, N. Y., September 7, 1S2S; lived some 
years in Ohio, thence removed to Lapeer Conntj, and, in 1850, settled in Ai-mada, Sec- 
tion 3, where he now resides; was married. February 9, 1852, to Amanda, daughter of 
Abel Sumnei% a native of New Brunswick. The children of this marriage are Edmund 
L., bom August 30, 1852; Charles E., born September 20, 1854; William I., born May 
23, 1858; Ruth M., born September 13, 1860; Elizabeth M., born October 9, 1863; Rosa 
v.. bom January 6, 1868, died June 15, 1869; Andrew J., born January 23, 1870. Mr. 
Ingraham is a carpenter and cooper, a close workman, and has a fann connected with his 
business; in politics, a Democrat. 

GEORGE R. KIDDER, son of Sidney M. and Lorette Fisher Kidder, born in Berlin 
Township April 26, 1846, commenced business as a cari)enter in Almont: bought a farm 
■ in Dryden and went to fanning; from there to Capac as a gi-ain merchant, then as a keeper 
of a gi'ocery store: afterward bought a farm in Berlin; from there as a cabinet-maker in 
Brace; then to Armada as a butcher; in 1877, invented a land-roller, upon which be ob- 
tained a patent; in 1S78, took out letters patent on barn door roller, which has become 
very popular both in the United States and Canada ; also invented a farm gate. ^Ir. Kidder 
mai'ried, May 4, 1870. Lora Dodge, daughter of Stephen Dodge, of St. Clair County. They 
have two childi-en — Mattie. born February 22, 1871; Ruth, born August 22,1873. Mrs. 
Kidder was born March 4, 1847. Mr. Kidder now lives in Armada Village, and is iden- 
tified with the Democratic party. 

SIDNEY KIDDER, deceased, was born in Genesee County, N. Y., about the year 
1810; removed to Romeo in 1836; began life as a country merchant in the village of Ro- 
meo; a few years later went in company with Mi\ Oel Ris and formed a partnership for the 
prosecution of the same business; from there went to Berlin, St. Clair County, on a farm, 
then back to Bruce for six years on a farm. He was living in St. Clair Count, at the 
time of his death, which occun-ed with his own hands; in 1857, married Lorette, daughter 
of Luke Fisher; they had three children, all living. Mrs. Kidder died in February, 1868. 

CHARLES A. LATHROP, son of Edward and Emma Andrews Lathrop, was born in 
West Springfield, Mass.. October 25, 1816. His father and grandfather were natives of 
the same place, his great-grandfather, of Norwich, Conn., descendant of Rev. John Lath- 
rop, of Barnstable, England, who settled in Bai'nstable, Mass., where he was the head of a 
colony. Mr. Lathrop's father died at Ai-mada Village September 11, 1863; mother died 
several years later. They had eleven children, all living but two. In 1847, Mr. Lathrop. 
in company with his brother, opened a store of general merchandise, it being the second 
in the place. The first bill of dry goods amounted to 190, and was pm-chased of Zach 
Chandler, of Deti-oit. Two lirothers have been with him in the business, but both have 
retired, and Mr. Lathrop conducts it alone. He was married, in May, 1858, to Rachel A. 
Youngs, of Armada, and they have had two children — Charles E., born June 17, 1859, is 
in the store with his father; Lillie A., born October 1, I860, married Edwin F. Phillips 
and lives in Armada Village. Mrs. Lathrop was born January (5, 1832. Mr. Lathrop was 
an early officer in the township and the village; in politics, fii-st a Whig and now a Re- 
publican. 

DAVID McCROSSIN, M. D., son of James McCrossin, of Leland, was born in Ontario 
County, N. Y., November 13, 1813; came direct to Michigan, arriving December 7, 1854. 
He had visited this county some years before and bought land on Section 11, Armada 
Township; moved the family in 1854, and settled in Berlin, St. Clair County, remaining 
twelve years; then to Armada Village, where he still resides: moved from Ontario County 
through Canada with wife and one child, three trunks, and a hencoop lashed on behind, 
in which were two Shanghai chickens, the tii'st of the kind introduced in these ))arts. Mr. 
McCrossin studied medicine at Springwater. Livingston County, with Dr. Arnold Grey; 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



admitted to practice in Ontario County in 1829, which avocation he pursued dimng his 
active life: married, June '2. 1831, Amanda Short, who died February 5, 1851: four chil- 
dren, all living: married, Septeaiber '27), 1851. Mary L. Wait, of Washington County, N. 
Y., and has one child, Dora, born Jiine 14, 1854, living at home. Mrs. McCrossin was 
born September 8, 1825. Mr. McCrossin was successful in his practice: in politics, a 
Whig, afterward joining with the Republican party. The fathers of both Mi-, and Mrs. 
McCnissin served in the war of IS] 2, and the grandfather of Mrs. McCrossin, Peleg 
Wait, was a Kevolutionarj' soldier. The families were from Vermont and Khode Island. 

THOM.^S McIL WRICK was born in Paisley, Scotland, December 24. 1826: served 
the regular term of five years as a cabinet-maker, and came to America in 1848. The 
vessel in which he came was four months and eight days between ports. He worked a 
short time in Detroit, then reached the "Scotch settlement" in Bruce, and labored in the ' 
trade of house carpentering eight years; married Eliza Learmont, who was born in En- 
gland June 21, 1833, and have no childi-en, except an adopted daughter. In LS51, he 
bought land on Section 6, Ai-mada Township, and began to be a farmer, in which he has 
succeeded. He has several relics of the old country of great age; Republican in politics, 
and Presbyterian in form of worship. 

JOHN McKAY, son of Robert and Jean (Gray) McKay, was born in Bruce Township 
August Ifi, 1843 ; married February 2 1, 186*5, and settled on a farm on Section 19, Armada, 
known as the Joseph Bennett farm, on which he has resided since that time. His wife 
was Lucinda, youngest daughter of Uriel Day, of Armada Township; was born October 
16, 1842. Their children are: Robert U., born July 24, 1868: Olive J., born January 
11, 1871. Mr. McKay's farm consists of 300 acres, in fine cultivation; makes a sj^ecialty 
of Durham cattle, of which he has a superior herd. He has held responsible offices in 
township and society: a charter member of the Grange, No. 414: also of Pomona Grange, 
of Macomb; a member of several agricultural organizations, and President several terms, 
also a member of the Executive Board of the State Short-Horn Breeders' Association; 
Congregational in worshij), and Republican in politics. 

GURDON H. MILLARD, son of Jesse and Elizabeth (Hopkins) Millard, he of Ohio 
and she of New York, was born in the city of Detroit February 2, 1841; learned the trade 
of fine coopering at Clarkston two years; entered the army in August, 1861, Company H, 
Fifth Michigan Volunteer Infantry: was discharged November 25, I8f)2, and again pur- 
sued his trade at Clarkston eight years: in 1872, begin the study of dentistry; was licensed 
to practice by Detroit Dental Association; pursued this business at Clarkston, at Birming- 
ham, and in 1875 came to Armada, where he is still in practice. His business is lai'gely 
on the increase, and his work first-class. He married, October 15, 1863. Elizabeth Low- 
rie, of Oakland County, who was born May 25. 1844. They have two children — Fred A., 
born February 6, 1867; and Frank G., born January 1, 1872. Mr. Millard's father was a 
soldier in the Mohawk war; his mother was a relative of the Hojjkins of Revolutionary fame. 

GEORGE M. MILLS, son of Asii and Lucetta (Banister) Mills, natives of Orange 
County, N. Y. , was born in Richmond Township September 9, 1839. LTntil arriving at 
majority, he lived on the homestead and attended the schools of the place. He then 
bought forty acres of land, to which he added 140 in Richmond. He sold this property 
in 1872, and bought the Erie Buttertield farm, Armada, which is his present home. He 
was man-ied. May 15, 1867, to Miss Elizabeth McGreggor. daughter of Robert McGreggor, 
of Ray, She was born in Ray June 16, 1848. Their children ar=^ as follows: Elmer, 
Viorn January 24, 1868, died March 24, 1873; Lillian, born February 25, 1873; Delmer, 
bom April 6, 1875. Mr. Mills has held offices in township; a member of the order of 
Patrons of Husbandry, and Democratic in politics. His farm lies in the outskirts of the 
village of Armada, and consists of KiO acres of fertile land. 



n* 



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U\ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



MAETIN M. MILLS is the son of Asa D. and Lueetta Banister Mills, natives of 
New York State; he was born in Bruce Township, Section 'Ju; was married to Emma Gonld 
March 11. ISdd; lived one year in the village of Almont. thence to Armada Village, thence 
to Richmond Township, where he lived for eight years; then to the township of Shelby 
four years: then to Ai'mada Township. Section 3<'), where he now resides. They have tonr 
childi-en — John, born October 3. ISOli; Eddie, born June 3. 18(i9: George, born 
July 15. 1873; Delia M., April 3, 1880. Mr. Mills' parents were of American origin. He 
is a farmer in easy circumstances, and pro.sperous. He makes the diseases of cattle and 
horses a study, and his services are often required in the neighborhood where he lives. 
Grandfather Timothy Banister served in the war of 1812, and received a pension. , 

REV. JAMES H. MORTON, son of James Morton and Margaret Borland, natives of 
Scotland, was born April 11, 1833, in Ayrshire, Scotland; came to Macomb July 18, 1844; 
settled on Section 7, Armada Township; attended school at the Romeo Academy some 
years; taught in the public schools winters until reaching majority; afterward entered 
Jetferson College, of Cannonsburg. Penn. , a short time; again engaged in teaching: in 
company with a brother, carried on a fountlry business in Armada Township; also at La- 
peer City: in 1858. entered the local ministry of the Methodist Protestant connection: then 
entered the conference of the same chttrch, which relation was maintained for sixteen years 
— three years in AVestern New York, and thirteen yeai's in Eastern Michigan. In the 
autumn of 1875, he severed the connection with the Methodist Protestant Church and 
tmited with the Methodist Episcopal Chuirh, which relation still exists. He is at present 
Pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Chiu-ch of Ai'mada Village. Mr. INIorton was married. 
November 19, 1857, to Harriet L.. daughter of Henry Strong, of Lapeer, formerly of Con- 
necticut. She was bora in 1838, and died May 1, 1859: one son died in infancy: married 
again, March 19. 18<)3. to Mrs. Anna Silsby, daughter of Benjamin Elliott, of Lenawee 
County, Mich.: six children, live living at home: the oldest. John, died May 12, 1882. 
Mrs. Morton was born January 20, 1843. Mr. Morton has been connected with the litera- 
ture of the county, and is an acceptable minister in the church to which he belongs: in 
politics, faith and practice, always a Republican. In 1878, he, with his wife, made a 
visit to the old home in Scotland, and spent some v/eeks in reviewing the scenes of his child- 
hood. A series of twelve letters written by him were published in the papers of the State. 

THEODORE G. MOSHER, son of Jabez and Ann Tubbs Mosher. natives of New 
York, was born in Ontario County, N. Y, October 23, 1832; removed with the family to 
MacomVj and settled on Section 2, Armada, in 1840; married, October 23, 1854, to Urilla 
Eaton, of Connecticut: she died July 17, 185'); maiTied, April 5, 1858, Jane C. Eaton, a 
sister of his former wife, born February 7. 1835; one child, Everett, born October 23, 1859, 
living at home. Mr. Mosher began business life as a farmer: located on the land on n^hich 
he noTT lives in 1805 : the farm now consists of 300 acres. Sections 1 and 2. Armada Town- 
ship. In 1875. he erected a tine residence, and has surrounded himself with all that is 
necessarv to a prosperous business. In politics, he is a Democrat. 

JAJBEZ MOSHER, deceased, was born in Western New York February 28, 1800. He 
removed to Macomb County in 1840 and settled on land in Section 2, Armada Township, 
which he recovered from a -cilderness and added 120 acres; married Ann Tubbs, a native 
of the same place; raised a family of nine children, seven of whom still live. He was a 
prompt and energetic man. thoroughly alive to all the interests of the new county, and a 
member of the Whig party. He died where he had lived, on the homestead, January 23, 
1855, Mrs. Mosher died October 1. 1870, at the age of eighty years. 

ELI Ct. PERKINS, son of Conde Perkins and Hannah GriiSths, he of Connecticut 
and she of Vermont, was born in Canada, August 1, 1822. His father, Conde Perkins, was 
a volunteer of 1812; started for the battle of Plattsbiu'g, but, the conflict being over, was 






discharged. Grandfather Nathan Griffiths served during the entire term of the Revolu- 
tionary war, being at the headquarters at Valley Forge, and jiarticipating in all its 
scenes. He was under the immediate command of ^\'ashingt(in, and was honorably dis- 
charged at the close of the war. Mr. Perkins came to Macomb in !March, 1S38; made a 
clearing on his land in 1844; subsequently opened a cooper-shop in Richmond Township, 
which he operated until 1853, when he went to Iowa; he returned after a short stay there, 
rented the Gower farm: subsequently located on Section 14, Richmond Township, where 
he lived four 3ears, and next on Section "J, Armada, where he now resides. Mr. Perkins 
married Miss M. A. Mosher, daughter of Jabez Mosher, Ontario County, N. Y. , September 
16, 1844. There were six children by this marriage — James G. B., born April 22, 1845: 
Gleason A., November 5, 184(5; Helen M., March 7, 184U, died December 14, 1854; Ro- 
setta A., March 28, 1851: Eli E., January 10, 1853, died October 11, 1854; Eli F., born 
March 4, 18515. Mrs. Perkins was born in Richmond, Ontario County, in 1825. Mr. Per- 
kins has a farm of 135 acres, well cultivated. His sheep-farming operations have been a 
success. Politically, he is a Gi-eenbacker. Freeman Perkins, brother of Eli G. , served 
in the Fifth Michigan Cavalry; was taken prisoner at Gettysburg, and died from harsh 
treatment while in the Confederate hotel at Andersonville, on his joiu'ney homeward. 

COL. NORMAN PERRY was born in Northumberland, Saratoga Co., X. Y., April 
20, 17UI5. In 18l<), he accompanied his father's family to Leroy, Genesee County, where 
they took up new land, and where Norman lived eight years. In the fall of 1824, he 
started for Michigan; found the Hoxie settlement, and located eighty acres of land east of 
the village of Romeo, at a place since known as the ■" Branch." Upon this land he 
erected his cabin, built of logs, floored with puncheon and shingled with "shakes," and 
cleared about four acres. Having accomplished this, he returned to Genes' e County. In 
March, 1825, he was married to Miss Susan Scott, and started a few days after for his new 
home. Mrs. Perry was the daughter of Capt David Scott, the iirst settler in the county 
of Clinton, Mich., a lady remarkably gifted in those qualities which made the pioneer 
life one of contentment and comi)arative happiness. In their jom-ney they were accom- 
panied by Reuben R. Smith, who settled on a farm close by. The journey to Buffalo was 
made with teams, taking two days, over roads which were both difficult and dang-erous to 
travel. At Buffalo, they took passage on the steamer Superior for Detroit. From this 
j)lace they proceeded by way of Royal Oak in search of Bailey's or the Hoxie settlement, 
which point they reached aftei two days" floundering in the mud, and over logs and cause- 
ways for twodays. They remained over night at the settlement, and in the morning set out 
to find the cabin at the Branch. They had no sooner reached it than they found that, in 
order to institute housekeeping, the}' had to go back to the village for the necessary arti- 
cles. While he was gone, the young wife left alone in the hut in the woods, went nY> in the 
chamber of the cabin and lay down upon some boughs to rest. AVhile there, two men, 
who had built further down the creek, came along the path to the village, and, seeing 
that the house was open, stopped to see how neighbor Perry was getting along. One of 
the men stepped up the ladder, and, looking into the chamber, exclaimed, • ' Great heav- 
ens! there's a woman here!'' This was the young lady's Iirst introduction to her neigh- 
bors. They had purchased a cow on the way to Detroit, and driven it to the fann, but 
the first night the animal became homesick and returned. Mr. Perry followed her twenty 
miles or more, but, finding her still ahead, and gaining on him, he gave up the chase and 
returned. Mr. Perry always lived upon the farm, and died Jul}' I'J, 1880, at the age of 
eighty-four. He was a frugal and industrious man, a good manager, and forward in all 
the necessary works of improvement in the new settlement, and many of the meetings for 
the transaction of township business were held at his house. Noah Webster settled a lit- 
tle farther down the creek in 1825, and in the following spring, Josiah Hamlin built a 



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blacksmith shop, and was a great help to the settlers. The oldest child of Mr. and Mi-s. 
Perry, now Mrs. John Selleck, was the fii'st child born east of Romeo. Mr. Perrj was a 
member of the State militia, and received a Lieutenant's commission in April, 1829, bear- 
ing the signature of Gen. Gass. In July, 1830, he was made a Captain of State militia 
by Gen. Cass; in September, 1831, was advanced to Major by Stevens I. Mason, and pro- 
moted Lieutenant Colonel in Februaiy, 1832, by Mason, Governor of the Territory. 

MRS. SUSAN (SCOTT) PERRY, daughter of Capt. David Scott, of Clinton County, 
Mich., was born at Shoreham, Vt., Februaiy 21, 180'2; moved with her parents to Le Roy, 
N. Y. , thence to Cattaraugus County, N. Y. , and, after six months, retm-ned to Le Roy ; 
after a few years, moved to Covington, N. Y. , and lived until 1825; in March of that 
year, marrie 1 Norman Perry, and moved to Macomb County and settled at the Branch, 
two and a half miles east of Romeo, Mich., on Section 31, Armada Township. Mr. Perry 
bought 320 acres of laud, which is still occvijjied by the family; have had seven children, 
all of whom still live — Delia, born January I'.J, 182(5. married John Selleck, and now re- 
sides in Ray Township, and was the first child born in the township of Ai-mada: Ozni S., 
born October 3, 1827, now at the old jilace; Elem Maria, born January 10, 1831, married 
James Sanford (deceased), now lives at Charlotte, Eaton Co., Mich.; Manly C. , born Jan- 
uary 4, 1833, lives in Richmond Township); Norman, born August 7, 1840, married Ellen 
Warner and lives at the old home; Norton M. , born October 20, 184(^, maixied and lives at 
Lansing, Mich.; Marshall, born August 10, 1844, who is unman-ied, and, with Norman, 
owns and occupies the homestead. Mrs. Perry is a hapjiy and cheerful old lady, full of 
neighborly deeds and kindnesses. 

W. DURFEE PETTIBONE, son of Anson and Hannah (Blakely), was born July 24, 
1834. His father, a native of Vermont, was born at Bennington April 15, 17U4. His 
mother was a native of the same place, born June 8, 17y7. The family moved from Ver- 
mont to New York, and settled on a new farm in Wyoming County, N. Y. , and lived till 
1845. In the year 1831, he had visited Macomb County and located 620 acres on the 
ridge near where the village of Armada now stands. This farm he improved and occu- 
pied to the time of his death, which took place April 20, 18*U. He was married, January 
1, 1822, to Hannah Blakely. and had six childi-en, two living. Mi-s. Pettibone also died 
at Ai-mada. The suljject of this sketch spent his early yeai's on the homestead farm, and 
attended school in the public schools of the village, and taught school one year. He was 
mai-ried, March 28, 1800, to Annie A., daughter of Edward Lathrop, born in Pittsford, N. Y., 
April 27, 1837. Their children were— William E., born September 13, 1864, died Mai-ch 4, 
1874; Jennie, born December 11, 1866, died February 3, 18()7; Eda, born June 23. 1868, 
died December 11, 1869: Fanny, born June 4, 1870; an infant daughter died October 
12, 1875; Robert E. , born April 20, 1878. Mr. Pettibone inherited 300 acres of the home- 
stead, and has added 200 acres, erected tasty and complete buildings, good fences, etc. 
He was a charter member of the Armada Agricultural Society, and an officer therein; an 
officer in village and district; a member of the Congregational Church and Sabbath school, 
and a Republican in politics; a strong temperance man. 

EDWARD PETTIBONE, son of Anson and Hannah (Blakely) Pettibone. natives of 
Vermont, was born July 10, 1828, in Wyoming County, N. Y. ; came with bis father's 
family to Macomb in 1845; has always lived on the homestead, situated on Sections 24 
and 19, Armada and Richmond Townships; married, January 1, 18(')0, Antoinette Butler, 
daughter of William Butler, of Buffalo; she was born May 19, 1824; has one child, Mary, 
born January 1(5, 1862. Mr. Pettibone received from his father's estate 300 acres, and 
has purchased sixty acres in addition —one of the best locations in the town on " the Ridge " 
near the village of Armada; always voted with the Republican partv. Mrs. Pettibone 
died March (>, 1874. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



AUSTIN H. PHILLIPS, son of John H. and Clarinda Briggs Phillips, was born in 
Armada Anciist IT, 1854. He attended school at Armada, lived on the homestead, and 
was mai-ried. December 30. ISTIi, to Lillian, daughter of Ezra Sibley, of Armada. She 
was bom May 1, iS'iU. They have two children — William Sibley, born June Id. ISTS: 
John Alva, born February 18. ISSO. Mr. Phillips is a farmer, meeting with good success. 
He is a member of the Baptist Chm-ch of the village, and Superintendent of the Sabbath 
school. He is a Republican in politics. 

JOHN H. PHILLIPS, son of John Phillips, was born in Lima. Livingston Co. . N. Y. , 
February 17. 1811. He was a farmer in New York, and moved to Macomb in 1848. He 
settled on a farm in Armada, in Section 1 7, which he kept for three years. He then re- 
moved to a farm adjoining the village of Armada, consisting of '21 K) acres, which he kept 
until his death, which took place May IH, 1879. His wife, Clarinda S. Briggs of Livings- 
ton County, N. Y. . was born in 1824; she died in May, 18()4. They had nine children, eight 
of whom are living. Mr. Phillips was a strong advocate of temperance, having taken the 
pledge when a small boy, and kept it sacred; a Baptist in religion, and anti-slavery in 
politics. 

GEORGE W. PHILLIPS, son of Ira and Martha (Day) Phillips, of Livingstou 
County. N. Y. , was born at that place July 17. 1829. His father was born in October, 
1802. A farmer in the East, he sought the West to pursue the same calling, arriving in 
Macomb County September fi, 1831, and immediately entered upon K'lO acres of land in 
Section 19, Armada Township, where he reared a family of three sons, and died on the 
homestead September 4, 1855. Mrs. Phillips died July 14, ISfiO. G. W, succeeded his 
father on the homestead: was married, in 1856, to Lydia, daughter of A. W. Sterling, of 
Romeo, and has children as follows: Carrie E., born December Ifi, 1857 ; Frank I., 
bom May 24. 1859: George W., born July 24, IStii: Charles J., born Ajiril 29. 18()3: 
Hattie M., born July 17. I8fi(i; Fanny S., born May 22. 1870: John S.. born March 17. 
1872: L. Minnie, born June 8. 1874. Mr. Phillips has always been foremost m the agricult- 
ural interests of the county: a charter member of the county agricultural society, and. from 
the third year of its existence an officer, and seven times its President; an officer of the 
State Agricultural Society twenty-two years, and President in 1880 and 1881: a member 
of the State Board of Agricultiu'e eleven years; also a leading officer in the Armada Agri- 
cultural Society and the Union Farmers' Club. Mr. Phillips is a fine musician, a promi- 
nent man in society, and a Republican, 

HENRY PRATT, sou of Josiah Pratt, a native of Vermont, was born in Westminster, 
Upper Canada, February 13, 1845; moved with his father's family to Section 1, Armada 
Township, in 1850; man-ied, March 17, to Helen, daughter of John Stonehouse; one child, 
Nellie S., born March 25, 1881. Mrs. Pratt was born in Canada October 14. 1843. Mr. 
Pratt has added fifty-two acres to the homestead, built a fine residence, and has brought 
the farm into good condition for general farming, in which he has met with good success; 
grandfather served in the war of the Revolution as a soldier, and was discharged at its close. 

JOSIAH PRATT, deceased, son of Josiah Pratt, a native of Massachusetts, was born 
in Vermont January 8, 1793; spent a portion of his life in Canada, and removed to Ma- 
comb County in 1850. He was married, first to Rebecca R. Jackson, who died in 1837: 
married Maria Gilbert, who died January 8, 1847; he then married Charlotte Waun, who 
died July 10, 1870. Mr. Pratt died at the homestead some years since. He was the fa- 
ther of twenty-three children, fifteen of whom <ire living. The elder Pratt was a soldier 
of the Revolution, and was granted a pension to himself and his widow. The sou was 
drafted by the British in the war of 1812, and served a short time reluctantly. 

WILLIAM E. PRESTON, son of Earl C. and Harriet Fox Preston." was born at 
Eastford. Conn., June 20, 1822. His father was a native of Eastford. and his mother of 



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HISTOKY OF MACOMB COr>'TY. 



^^'oodstock, iu the same State. The family are descendants from one Preston, who left 
England for America in lfi40, but of whom very little is known. His descendant, John 
Preston, of Andover. Mass., who is the fifth lineal ancestor of the subject of this sketch, 
was married" iu ITOC). to Mary Haynes, of Newbury. Mass., and afterward settled in Win- 
dom. Conn. Said Mary Haynes was the daughter of Jonathan Haynes, of Haverhill, 
Mass., of which family the following bit of history is related: On the 15th day of Au- 
gust, ItiiK), he and his four children — thi-ee boys and the said daughter Mary — were in 
the field near their house, the father reaping and the childi-eu picking lieans. While thus 
engaged, the Indians, who were at war with the whites, surprised them and carried them 
all to Pennacook, now the city of Concord, N. H. There they separated, one paxtj going 
to Maine, taking the father and one of the boys, Thomas by name; the other going to their 
home in Canada, and taking with them the other three children. The father and Thomas 
succeeded iu esca])ing. They pursued their way through the forests, making toward home 
as best they could. The old man gave out, and could go no farther, and sank down to 
die. The boy. in despair, climbed a high hill and looked around. Nothing but the in- 
temiinable forests met his vision. In his trouble, the little fellow cried aloud, and the 
only response was an echo. At length his ears caught a familiar sound — that of a saw- 
mill. He proceeded in the direction of the sound, and at length came to a white settle- 
ment on the Saco River. Here he got help and rescued his father, who soon recovered 
strength sufficient to pursue his jOurney home. The other children were taken to Canada 
aud sold to the French. Maiy was afterward redeemed by IdO pounds of tobacco, which 
WHS hauled to Canada on a hand-sled. The boys never came back. They were seen fifty 
or sixty years afterward by troops from Haverhill diu'ing the invasion of Canada in the 
French and Indian war. They were wealthy farmers, and one of them asked for his sis- 
ter; said that he remembered her, and that one of her fingers had been cut off by a little 
boy when a child, which was true. William E. Preston was married, in 1S46, to Lovinia 
Leonard, the daughter of Halsey Leonard, of Woodstock. Conn. Their children are 
Charles C, born November 5, 1847: Mary L., June 21. 1S.")0; John L., April 15. 1853; 
Hattie L., April (>, ISod; Bert C, January 2, 185'.); Anna C. April 20, 1801. Mr. Pres- 
ton came to Macomb in 1855, settling on a farm two miles south of Armada Village, which 
he afterward sold. and. removing to Armada Village in lS(u, engaged in the mercantile 
business, in which he still continues. The family of both Mr. aud Mrs. Preston are from 
a long-lived New England ancestry. 

BENJAMIN F. PROCTER is the son of John and Sarah Freeman Procter; was born 
iu Armada Township June 24, 1832. He attended the schools of Romeo and worked upon 
the farm, aud in 18f)5 went to Pontiac aud joined the firm of Procter & Co., merchant 
aud custom millers, whose mill was situated on the Clinton River near the city. This 
continued for about six years, when he purchased the farm in Armada, known as the Howell 
farm, on which he is still living. He also owns a large farm iu St. Clair County. He 
was married, in Pontiac, Mich., October 2, 18<)5, to Sarah A. Barkham. They have 
children as follows: Ada A., born August 11, 1867; Edmond J., born April 13, IStiU; 
Reed, born September 4, 1871; Clarence, February 14. 1874. Mrs. Procter was born 
September 3. 1833; her father brought his family fi'om England, and settled in Can- 
ada, and fi-om there moved to Michigan iu 183(1; settled iu Rochester, as a miller, in 
which business he is still engaged. Mi*. Procter is a Republican in politics, having voted 
for Fremont in 1850. 

JOHN L. PROCTER, one of the first settlers of .^-mada Township, was born at Alstead, 
N. H., July 18. 17Uy. He was the son of Benjamin Procter, of New Hampshire, whose 
wife, Sarah Freeman, of Berkshire, Vt,, was born April 13. 1805. He removed to Ma- 
comb in 1824. settled on Section 31, Armada Township, on land now occupied by the family. 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



He was married in 1827; had seven ciiiklren, six of whom are still living. The deed of 
bis land bears date as first jmrchased in the township. The farmhouse, one of the first in 
the locality, is a monument of stability, having withstood the storms of more than forty- 
eight years, and is still in good condition. John L. Procter, son of the above, inherited 
the homestead: is unmarried, and lives with his two sisters. He is asuecessfiU farmer, and 
a dealer in fine cattle and sheep for Eastern markets. 

JOSEPH ROWLEY was born in Livingston County, N. Y., February i:^, ISTJ. He 
is the son of Erastus and Lydia Richai'dson Rowley, of Westfield, Conn. The father 
started to move to Michigan in 1S85, but died on the way, in Ohio, and was bmied there. 
The mother died in Ai'mada Townshi]i in IStU. Mr. Rowley bought land on Sections 7 
and 8, in Armada, on which he still resides. He was mai'ried, August 4, 183U, to Eliza- 
beth, daughter of A. Smith, and they were the first couple married in Berlin Township, 
St. Clair County. Their children ,ire Oi-y, born November 12, 1840: Polly B., born 
June (i, 1842: Marianna, born August 17, 1844, died December "5, ]8n5: Franklin, born 
August 2('..'184(); George H., born August 20, 1848: Joseph, born -June 1, 1850; Nettie 
O., born February 11. 1852; Sarah E., born May I, 1854, died June 30. 1881; Elias, 
born May 21), 1851',; Lydia, born October 9, 1858; Willie J., born June 22, 1801. Mr. 
Rowley was a keen and successful hiinter. He killed 180 deer the first three seasons on 
the place, and thirty per season for many years after. He is a Jackson Democrat. 

NATHAN ROWLEY was the son of Erastus Rowley, of Westfield, Conn., and was born 
May 17. 1802. He removed to Macomb County in June, 1831, and was married. November 
5, 1834, to Abigail, daughter of Frederick Alch'ich. In 183(), he took up land on Sections 
7 and 8. Armada, which he improved, and where he lived up to 1880. He died at Good- 
rich, Genesee County, July 27, 1881. Mrs. Rowley was born in Canandaigua County, N. 
Y., August 12, 1800, and died October 5, 1877. The grandfather is a survivor of the Rev- 
olution, and they are from a long-lived race of people. 

LIBERTY ROWLEY was born at Armada Township October 10, 1838. He was the 
son of Nathaniel and Abigail Rowley, of same place; was married, December 25, 18(i3, to 
Mary L. Banfill, who was born at Ypsilanti, Mich., December 20, 1847. Their children 
are as follows: Arthiu- T.. born October 31. 1805, died Aiigust 7, 1872: Carrie E.. born 
December 2, 1871; Rubie. born Januar}- 21, 1874, died in November. 1875; Mary L., born 
November 8, 1878, Mr. Rowley purchased a }iart of his father's farm, on Section 8, Ar- 
mada, on which he lives, and keeps a stock of general merchandise. Mr. Rowley and wife 
have been members of the Methodist Protestant Church for fifteen years, and he has 
always been a Republican. 

SAMUEL SHEPARDSON, son of Samuel Shepardson, a native of Vermont, was born 
in Windham County, in that State, November 10, 1810. At the age of twenty-one. he re- 
moved to Canada, and thence to Macomb County, arriving in the spring of 1 853. He pur- 
chased a farm on Section 3, Armada Township, where he ha.s lived ever since. He has 
cleared up the farm, built all the buildings and added forty acres. He married. January 
13, 1853, Elizabeth M.. daughter of Abel Siimner, of New Brunswick. They have no chil- 
dien. Mr. Shej)ardson is a cheese-maker, and has turned his farm to the production of 
that staple. He has fiu-nished a store in Romeo with cheese for the past eighteen years. 
His father served his country in 1812, and was honorably discharged. 

ALVAH SIBLEY was Isorn in Berkshire. Mass., in March, 1 790, where he lived un- 
til he was twenty-one years of age. He then removed to Brighton, Mom-oe Co., N. Y., 
where he was niiu-ried to Mary, daughter of Joseph Corbin. of Woodstock, Conn. She 
was liorn March 4. 1803. Her parents were pioneers of Western New York. Mr. Sibley 
removed his family to Macomb County in October, 1835. and settled on Section 25, town- 
ship of Armada, where his widow still resides. His father, Ezra Sibley, was a Revolu- 






r 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tionaiy soldier, having served in the conflict for seven years, diu'ing six of whicli he passed 
without sleeping outside of camp. His gi-andfather was a British officer in the AVest India 
ser^ ice, and died of yellow fever. The family are of Norman origin. Mr. Sibley was a man of 
stern principles of honesty and adherence to the Christian faith: a Deacon in the Congrega- 
tional Chiu'ch of Ai'mada from its organization until his death, which occun-ed in February, 
1870. Deacon Sibley is remembered with afl'ectionate regard. His family consisted of 
three sons — Alfred I. Sibley, born in Brighton. X. Y.. September 18. 1824. and is now a 
resident of Cass County, Iowa: Ezra F. Sibley, still a resident of Armada: and William 
H. Sibley, born in Annada December 2. 1838. He remained with his father's family and 
attended school at Mt. Clemens and Komeo until the commencement of the civil war, when 
he laid aside his great ambition for an education and went forth in defense of his country. 
He enlisted in Company A. Ninth Michigan Infantiy, under Col. Duffield. and died of 
typhoid fever in January, 18()2, at Elizabethtowu, Ky. He is remembered as a worthy 
Christian soldier. 

EZRA F. SIBLEY, son of Alvah and Mary Sibley, was born in Brighton. N. Y, 
November '2U. 1827. He removed T\dth his father's family to Macomb County in 1835. 
where he attended school and remained at home until he attained his majority. He then 
began working at the carpenter's ti'ade for a few years, and was man-ied. September 13, 
1853. to Adaline A. Pierson, a native of Eush. Mom'oe Co.. N. Y. In 185U, he engaged 
in mercantile business, in company with William H. Clark, in Armada Village, and at 
the opening of the civil war. he enlisted in Company A, Ninth Michigan Infantry, under 
Col. Duffield; served as a musician most of the time, and was captm-ed, July 13. 18()2, 
by Gren. Forrest: was paroled, and soon after discharged by general order mustering out 
all regimental bands from the service. He again engaged in carpenter work until 1809, 
when he was appointed station agent on the Michigan Air-Line Eailroad at Armada. 
Mich., which office he has held since that time. His family consists of two daughters — 
Lillian M. Sibley, born May 1, 185U, married, 187(), to Austin H. Phillips, and resides in 
Ai'mada: Minnie A. Sil)lev. born August 22. I8n7. 

COLBY AND PHILIl' SHORT, born in Ontario County, N. Y. Their father's name 
was Colby Short, who died in Ontario. Colby was born January 11, 1838; Philip, De- 
cember 25, 183U. Colby came to Macomb in the autumn of IStHh Philip, in 18H2; set- 
tled on Section 12: afterward bought laud on Section 2, Armada Township, where they 
now live. Philip married, July 10, 18* u. Angeline Woolman, born at Mt. Clemens Sep- 
tember 20, 1S4(>: had five childi'en, four of whom are now living. Colby is ni^t married. 
They are extensively engaged in the sale of farm implements. Colbj' enlisted, September 
lit, l8(il, in Company L, First Michigan Cavalry, and served four yeai-s: was Gen. Banks' 
Private Orderly three months. The company was body guard to Gen, Banks one year. 
He reached home in August, 18()5. 

LEWIS SMITH, son of Calvin Smith, was born in Tolland County, Conn., Decem- 
ber 27. 1832: came with his father's family to Macomb County in 1842: was engaged 
ujjon raih'oads three years, and then retiu-ned to the homestead, where he uow lives: mar- 
ried, July y, 1864. Frances Curtiss. daughter of Harrj' Curtiss, of Richmond Town- 
ship. They had one child, which died in infaney. Mrs. Smith died August 18, 18711, 
He man-ied again, April 3, 1877, Anna Skidmore, of Troy, Oakland County ; no children. 
Mrs, Smith was born June 28, 1837. 'Mi: Smith has held offices in township and agri- 
eultm-al societies. He liuilt a good house on his farm, and added eighty acres to the same. 
Before the war. he was a Democrat in politics: since that time, he has been a Republican. 
His great-grandfather. James McNary. was in the war between England and France. Be- 
ing taken prisoner, he was confined in the hold of a vessel for seven days without food, 
except a pair of calf -skin boots, which, being cut in small pieces, was eaten by himself 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



and his comrades. They afterward overpowered the crew, brought the vessel to America, 
entered the American Army and served in the war of the Revolution, being honorably dis- 
charged at its close; was also in the war of 1812. 

CALYIN SMITH was born in Tolland County, Conn., in 171)3: entered the army in 
1812 as a private, and was promoted to Sergeant in 1814; served during the war, and was 
discharged with a land warrant, which he located in St. Clair County; moved to Macomb, 
and stopped a short time in Ray Township, then settled on a farm in Section 12, which 
he cleared up, and where he died in 1853. He was married to Mary McNary. of his native 
place, by whom he had eight childi-en, three of whom survive. She died at the homestead 
in 1872, aged seventy-eight years. His father, David Smith, was a soldier in the war of 
the Revolution, and two of his sons served in the civil war, and in the Indian troubles in 
Minnesota, and were wounded there. 

SETH SMITH, son of Asa Smith, was born June 10, l.S2o, at Dightou, Mass.; moved 
to Ontario County, N. Y. ; thence to Michigan in September, 18(')3; settled in Lenox Town- 
ship three years; moved to Armada Village in 18(>(), where he has since lived. He was 
married, July 2(1, 1852, to Sarah S. Htibbell, of Ontario County, who was born September 
4, 1834. They have six childi-en. The gi-andfather of Mrs. Smith, Nathan West, served 
in the war of 1812. Mr. Smith has been a dealer in fat stock. In polities, he is a Dem- 
ocrat. 

DR. JOHN S. SMITH was born March 2l). 1822. His father, Asa Smith, was a na- 
tive of Massachusetts, and moved to Macomb County in 1854, and settled on Section 24, 
Ai'mada. where he died in 18(55. Dr, John Smith graduated fi'om the Medical School at 
Cleveland, Ohio, in 1844; practiced medicine at Ontario County, N. Y., two year.s, then 
removed to Macomb County in 1847 and engaged in the practice of his profession at Ai-- 
mada Village. This was continued until 18()(). In 1858, he read and studied law, and 
the same year began the practice of law. He graduated from the Law De^iartment of 
Ann Arbor, and was admitted to the bar; in the spring of 1S(')3, entered the army as 
Quartermaster and remained for one year. On retiring, he engaged in farming and as a 
dealer in hops, buying annually large quantities and sending them to distant markets. In 
18()7, in company with Mi-. H. Barrows, he began the erection of a brick block in Ai-mada 
Village, which was to be completed the next year; when the walls were nearly completed, 
they fell, and Dr. Smith was killed. This took place September 19, 18()8. He was mar- 
ried, in 1845, to Linda B. Jones, of Ontario, N. Y. They had no children. Dr. Smith 
was always ready to promote the interests of the village and tovraship; was an houoralile 
man, and a consistent Democrat. 

HORACE H, SPENCER, of Armada, was the son of Ii-a and Sally (Earl) Spencer, 
and was born in Trumbull County, Ohio, June 17, 1822. His father was a native of 
Speucertown, N. Y., and gave the name to that place. The family removed to INIacomb 
in 1S3U, and settled in Richmond Township, where the father died in 187(), at the age of 
eighty-five; the mother died in 18()(5. The subject of this sketch was married, June 12, 
1844, to Mary Chamberlin, who was born in Ontario County, N. Y., March 18, 1818. 
After mai-riage, he bought land on Section 27, Armada, which "he partly cleared, and then 
sold, buying again on Section 14, which he kept till 1871, when he removed to the village 
of Armada, where he still resides: have had seven children, foiu- of whom, sons, are still liv- 
ing. Mr Spencer has held office in the township twenty-eight years (Justice of the 
Peace); always a Democrat, but often elected by Republicans. 

JAMES STEPHENS, son of James Stephens, of Scotland, was born in that country 
September 2, 1817; left his fatherland in 1841 to become a farmer in Michigan. He 
Ijciught land in Lapeer County, on the line of Macomb, in 1848, where he resided some 
yi'ars. He afterward bought a farm on Section 7, Armada Township, where he now re- 






it^ 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



sides. Married, Janiiaiy 0, 1848, Anna Morton, daughter of James Morton. Their chil- 
dren's record is as follows: Margaret, born November 11, 1848, mamed and lives in 
Ai-mada Tovmship : Agnes W., born August 27. 1850. married and lives in Bruce 
Township; James B. , born March 16, 18<i(), married and lives in Romeo; Thomas M., 
born November 24, 1855, married and lives in Vassar, Mich. ; Anna M., born March 
23, 1858, man-ied and lives in Bruce ToANTiship; Andrew H., born April 3, 1860; John 
W.. born May 21, 1863; Mertou H.. born September 8, 1866; George B.. born September 
28. 1868. Mrs. Stephens was born January 28, 1825, in Scotland. Mi'. Stephens is a 
fanner, and owns 325 acres, and is a successful grower of whoat. He has been a promi- 
nent member of several organizations; a professor of religion, with his wife, for many 
years; a leader in Sundav school, and a Republican in politics. 

JOHN H. STUMP, "son of Levi Stump, of Ontario County, N. Y., was born in Ai-- 
mada Township Ajjril 23, 1855; moved to his present farm, known as the Albert Aldi'ich 
fann, consisting of 140 acres, in the fall of 1877; was married, August 21), 1877, to Fran- 
ces A. Ai-nold, of Ai-mada; they have no children. He is a general farmer and dealer in 
grain. Mrs. Stump was born April 15, 1858. 

ABEL SUMNER, born in New Brunswick June 17, 1793. In early life he moved to 
Vermont, thence to Canada, coming to Macomb in 1841; settled on land on Section 2, 
Ai'uiada Township, which he improved and occupied previous to 1871, since which time 
he has lived with a daughter, Mi's. Ingi-aham. Mi-s. Sumner, formerly Miss Ruth Orms- 
by, born at Middlebuvy, Vt., in 1803, died in Armada February 10. 1860, at tifty-seven 
years of age. The children of this marriage are live in number, four now living. Mr. 
Sumner is a pensioner of the war of 1812; was a musician at that time, and is still liv- 
ing. 

DR. JOHN M. SUMNER, sou of Abel and Ruth (Ormsby) Siunner. was born in Lon- 
don, Westminster, Canada West, September 3, 1836; was a farmer till i-eaching the age 
of twenty-foiu*, when he liegan the practice of medicine as the result of his own study and 
observation, and is engaged in practice at the present time. December 11, ]85'.>, he mar- 
ried Julietta Holms, and has two childien — Sarah J., born September 15, 1865, and John 
S. , born August H>, 1867. Mrs. Sumner was born in Armada January 27, 1838. The 
Doctor has a small farm in connection with his practice. 

JONAS S. SUTTON, son of Amsey and Abigail (Dowd) Sutton, he a native of Massa- 
chusetts and she of Connecticut; was boi-n in Genesee County, N. Y.. March 17, 1835; removed 
to Macomb County in 1837, with the family, and settled in Ray Township, where they lived 
for eight years, then to Section 32 in Armada and lived nine years, then to Richmond ^nd 
lived for eighteen years, then again to Ai'mada, where he has lived the past twelve years. 
Married, March 20, 1856, Calista, daughter of Asahel Bernard, who was a native of 
Connecticut; she was born March 9, 1835; their childi'en are as follows: Hattie A., born 
January 18, 1857, died March 26, 1858; Hattie J., born April 27, 1858, died November 
18, 18r;2: Willie A., born August 27, 1864; Eddie W., born July 24, 1866. After his 
marriage, Mr. Sutton engaged in business as a machinist and engineer for twenty years; 
since that time, has followed the occupation of a painter. He is a tine singer, and teaches 
music, and leads thechiu'ch music. In politics, he is a Republican. Mrs. Sutton's parents 
were natives of .Connecticut, and moved to Macomb in 1844; father died in 1866, and 
mother died in 1872. 

HIRAM TAYLOR, son of Levi and Rhoda Madison Taylor, of Connecticut, was born 
at Rutland, Vt., September 10, 1811. His mother's people were from Rhode Island, and 
were of English descent; came from the to^vnship of Clarendon, Vt., to Maeoml) County, 
Mich., June 17, 1846, and bought a farm of 200 acres on Section 32, Armada Township, 
for which he paid $3,601), on which he still resides. Mr. Taylor was married, October 
44 



#- 




31, 1834, to Ann Melissa Walker, of Clarendon, Rutland Co., Vt. They have had two 
children — Melissa Ann. born at Clarendon, Rutland County, March 19, 1836, married Mr. 
Moses WjTnan, of Ontai'io County. N. Y. ; he died in October, 1872: she married again, 
Andi'cw Adams, and now resides in Aubui'n, Oakland Co., Mich.; Sarah, born August 23, 
1837, and died September 24, ISSI, at the old home. Mrs. Taylor died October 4. 1873, 
aged tifty-eight. When Mr. Taylor moved from Vermont, he brought forty thorough 
Merino sheep, for which he paid from $U> to $15 a head. He has been a careful breeder 
of fine sheep, and has made several importations, at a later date bringing, at one time, a 
flock of nearly one hundred sheep. He was a member of the Baptist Church in Vermont, 
and, although not uniting with any church here, his preference has been toward that 
church; cast his tirst vote for Jackson, and has been a Democrat since. 

MRS. MARCIA THURSTON, daughter of Jesse Bishop, of Bruce Township, was 
bom March K), 1845: married to Manly Thm'ston, sou of B. H. Thurston, October 15, 
18H2; after marriage, resided on the farm of his father one year, then bought the farm 
on Section 18 known as the Donaldson farm, on which the family still reside. Mr. Thurs- 
ton died March 3. 1870. They had four childi-en, three of whom are still living on the 
homestead. Mrs. Thm-ston has erected a tine and commodious residence, and has a tine 
and prosperous farm business. She is and has for many years been connected with the 
Christian Chiu'ch of Romeo: a fine musician, vocal and instrumental, and a prominent 
worker in the Sabbath school. Lillian, born October 29, 18(53, died October 24, 1879; 
Henry J., born August 2, 1865; Abbie L., born September 27, 1867; Manly W., born Jan- 
uary <), 1870. 

" BENJAMIN H. THURSTON, son of Joseph Thurston, was born October 22, 1816; 
removed from New York to Macomb with his parents about 1832 and settled on Section 
19, in Armada Townshij): spent his boyhood at home and received the homestead farm; 
was married. September 29, 1839, to Electa Sperry, of Pennsylvania, who was bo)'n Sep- 
tember 14, 1820. They had three children, one of whom is still living. Mrs. Thurston 
died June 14.1849. He then married Mrs. Ruth B. Brown. April 28. 1852. who died 
March 1, 1873; married again. September 23. 1873, to Mi-s. Caroline Hamilton, who died 
October 20. 1875. Mr. Thurston has always been a tii'm supporter of the anti-slavery 
movement, and a Christian in foiin of worship. 

SETH E. WALKER, youngest son of Richard Walker, was born in Armada May 21, 
1851. He came into possession of the home farm in 1872. and still occupies the same. 
It consists of 200 acres, situated on Section 16, Armada Townshij). He was married, 
November 16, 1875, to Carrie I. Draper, of Warsaw. N. Y. They have one child, Charles 
R., Ijorn September 13, 1877. Mr. Walker is a successful farmer, and has always been a 
Republican in folitics, and Congregational in form of worship. 

RICHARD AVALKER, deceased, was born at Georgetown, Md.. September 4, 1797, 
removed with his father's family to Ontario County, N. Y., where he man-ied Elenor, 
daughter of .John Ray, of the latter place, and removed to Macomb County in the spring 
of 184 4 and in night a large fann on Section 16, Armada, which he cleared and improved, 
and where he died April 23, 1879. Mrs. Walker was born" in Bennington County, Vt. , 
who died at the home in Armada, and he afterward married a Mips Tibbits. who still 
survives. They had ten children, fom* of whom still live. 

IDDO WARNER, son of John Warner, of Vermont, was born Februan- 11, 1796, 
and came to Macomb June 12, 1824, in Washington Township, where he lived three years, 
then moved to Ai-mada and settled on Section 31, on the North Branch of the Clinton 
River, where he lived up to the time of his death, which took place August 15, 1852. 
He was married. July 13, 1819. to Sophia Phillips, at Lima, Livingston Co., N. Y. , and 
had three children — Julia, born August 1. 1820, married J. Smith, and died July 9, 1878; 

•^ G f— -^ 5) ^ ' 



i 



jyj 



James, born September 11, 1824, living in Armada Township; Elizabeth, born March 
U. 1835, married Robert Coykendall and lives at Romeo. IVL's. Warner still lives with 
her son. 

JAMES I. WARNER, son of Iddo and Sophia (Phillips) Warner, was born at \^'ash- 
ington Village, Macomb County. September 11, 1824; moved with the family to the farm 
on the " Branch," where he lived till June. LSoO, when he piu'chased the Gates farm. Section 
IS, Armada, where he still resides; was married, June 2'K 1847, to Spedee Bishop, who 
was born at Ontario County. N. Y. , and died July 1). 1852. They had two children — 
Ellen, born April 22, 1848, man-ied Norman Peny and lives in Armada Township; Georg© 
I., born June 2f). 1852, and lives in Armada Township; married again. June 28, 1854. to 
Jane Walton, who died Aiaril 13, 18()(l; had one child, Terry, born November '.). 1857,. 
died April. 18(')2; again married, July 2, 1872, to Phcebe Wilder, of Armada Township. 
Mr. Warner has added to the original purchase of land 784 acres, situated in various parts 
of the State. He has erected one of the finest and most substantial farmhouses in the 
county, good bai'ns and sheds, wind-mills, and all the requirements for a first-class farm 
business: in politics, alwavs a RepiTblican. 

REUBEN WAKRENER was born at Royal Oak, Oakland County. July 2U. 1832. 
He is the son of John Wan'ener, of Brighton, near London, England. Reuben came to 
this county in 1855, and married, Jtily 4, 1855, Lydia, daughter of Nathan Rowley, and 
bought a portion of the farm of his father-in-law, where he now resides. Section 7. Armada 
Township. They had two children — Maiy. born October 5, 185<), died Janiiary 11, 1857; 
Abbie, born July 25, 1802, married E. J. Cross and lives on the homestead. Mi\ War- 
rener enlLsted, August Vl, 18(')2, in Company B. Twenty-second Michigan Volunteer In- 
fantry, and served three years. He participated in six engagements, and served in military 
prison, and contracted diseases from which he still suffers; is Republican in his politics, 

STEPHEN S. WELLS was born November 3, 1813, in Ulster County, N. Y. His 
father, Charles Wells, of the same place, moved to Macomb County in 1828; settled one 
and a half miles south of Romeo; after some years, removed to Section 8, Armada, which 
he cleared from the stump, and where he died in 1844. Mrs. Wells was Anna Hood, a 
relative of Thomas Hood, the poet, and was born in Ulster County, and died in 1859. 
They had nine children, fom- of whom still live. On the death of his father, Stephen as- 
sumed control of the homestead, and maiTied Sarah Stiles in 1S38; she dying, he married 
Sarah Hunt, who died in 1847; next married Isabella Tuttle, in 18()0; he then mai-ried 
Lemira Church, who, with her Husband, still lives on the farm. They have had six chil- 
dren, four of whom still live. 

JOHN AVILDER, son of Artemus and Catherine Sherburne Wilder, was born at Lan- 
caster, N. H.. January 1, 1812. His grandfather, Artemus Wilder, a native of England, 
was a Major in the war of the Revolution, served to its close, and died at Lancaster in 
1808. The father was born at Lancaster in 1707 where he lived imtil the year 1810, then 
removed to Quebec, thence to Kingston when that place was a small village, surrounded 
by a brush fence, and was engaged in the business of butchering. He died of cholera in 
1832. His mother was a native of Portland. Me., daughter oi Harry Sherburne, of that 
place, of English descent. -She died at Wolf Island, St. Lawrence River, in 1858. John 
moved with the family to Kingston, where he lived till the time of his marriage, which 
took place August 8, 1835, to Mary, daughter of Hemy and Hannah (Wright) Harvey, of 
English descent, who came to Kingston, Canada, in 1822. Mary was boi-n September 25, 
1815. When he moved to Wolf Island, St. LawTence River, he cleared u)i a farm of fifty 
acres from a wilderness, which he bought for $5 per acre and sold for §52 per acre. As 
a sample of what Macomb people can do, we mention the following: Reaching Wolf 
I.-^land, Mr. Wilder, with his wife, moved into a fisherman's hut, which had a fire-place in 



^' 



716 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



one comer and a hole in the roof through which the smoke might escape. Soon after, he 
got the help of neighbors and built a log house 13x20, and had lumber enough to cover 
half the roof and half the floor; diu'ing the tirst summer, had neither door nor window, 
but. used a bed-ijuilt to hang before the hole where there ought to be. These were at last 
provided, second-hand, fi'om an old building in the vicinity. Wolves were fierce and 
plenty, and at one time attacked Mr. Wilder's cattle, which at once formed in a circle, 
the calves and young cattle in the center, and the cows and oxen on the oiitside. One 
wolf was shot, and the others Hed. Mrs. Wilder worked at clearing laud all day, with a 
baby in a cradle near at hand, and with a small lioy with a bell on his neck to keej) 
him from being lost. The wolves were at length driven fi'om the island by a raid of all 
the inhabitants. After selling the farm on the island, Mr. Wilder pm'chased land in 
Wales, St. Clair Co., Mich., but, on account of his wife's ill health, concluiled to pm-chase 
an imjtroved place. After consiilerable search, he bought the farm of about one hundred 
acres on Section 27 of Armada Township, where he has since resided. Mr. Wilder's fam- 
ily consists of the following: John W., born at Kingston July 8, 183(i, died at home 
February 11, I8t)l; Henry L., born at Kingston January 13, 1837, now living in Armada 
Township; Catherine H., born on Wolf Island December 2, 1839, maiTied and living in 
llomeo Village; William H., born on Wolf Island December 4, 1841, served in the war of 
of the rebellion, and died at home in July, 1874; Jonas W., born on Wolf Island August 
6, 1843, married and lives in Armada Township; Phebe E., born on Wolf Island, Septem- 
ber 14, 1845, married and lives in Armada Township; Samuel S., born on Wolf Island Sep- 
tember 25. 1847, married and lives in Armada Tovmship; Artemas T., born on Wolf Island 
August 24. 1S51, married and living in Armada Township; Albert P. , born on Wolf Island 
1 )c(i'iiil>i'i' S. \S'i:]. married and lives in Armada Township; Almira, born on Wolf Island 
Fel)ruary in. IS.'iC), died at the homestead February 17, 1874; Isaac 11., born at Ai-mada 
June 10, 18<)(), died April li), 18()1. Mr. Wilder has always been a liepublican in poli- 
tics, and a Methodist in i-eligion. Mr. W^ilder favors the Established Chm-ch. She boasts 
of having fiu-nished from her family seven votes for Garfield. Mr. Wilder is a hale and 
hearty man; never has taken a dose of medicine in his life. He has never drunk intoxi- 
cants nor used tobacco in any form — an example followed by all his large family. He has 
one of the most sightly, pleasant and commodious places in Armada Township. His farm 
is supplied with a wind-mill, good barns, and all the necessary appendages of a prosper- 
ous business, and is makinjj the product of milk a leading feature. 

JOHN H. WILSON, son of John Wilson, was born' in Lincolnshire, England, Octo- 
ber 12, 1834; he came to St. Clair County with his father's family in 1842, vrho settled 
in the woods in Berlin Township, in St. Clair County, in a bark-covered hut. In 1858, 
John H. bought forty acres of land on Section (i. Armada, Macomb County, the same on 
which he now resides. He was maiTied. October 13, 18(>0, to Mary Shepherd, who was 
born in Perthshire, .Scotland, Octobers. 1839. Their childi'en were as follows: Albert N., 
born July 21, 1801; Cyrus T., born May 0, 18()3, died March 17, 18<U; Peter H., born 
December 31, 1804; Mary J., lioru January 7, 1807; John T., born October 20. 1808; 
Robert A., born June 1, 1872; Sarah A., born July 3, 1875; David S., born June 
23. 1877; James W., born October 4, 187U. Mr. Wilson has increased the acreage of his 
farm by 125 acres; has a tine new residence, barn, etc.; he is Republican in politics, and a 
Qtiaker in religion; he is also connected with several organizations. 



-I "g 

5 "V 



■ * ^ )^. 



CHAPTER XXXII. 

SHELBY TOWNSHIP. 

The township is well watered, the principal stream being the (Jlinton River, which 
enters the township about the center of its western boundary, and traverses the southwest 
quarter of the township until it enters Sterling. Next in importance as a stream and 
water-power is the race, which was made out of the old Clinton & Kalamazoo Canal. 
This canal was projected in 1837, and constructed in 1888. It was the original intention 
of the constructors to complete it from Mt. Clemens to Kalamazoo, a distance of about 172 
miles, but it was never finished farther than Rochester, in Oakland County, and never 
navigated but from Mt. Clemens to Utica, some twelve miles. It has, since its discontin- 
uance as a navigable thoroughfare, been used as a race to sujiply motive-jiower to the 
Utica mills, for which purpose it is practically adapted. The land is level and fertile. 
In some sections, however, it may be considered slightly undulating and sandy. 

In 1850, the amounts of cereals, grain and general agricultural productions were as 
follows: Wheat. 10.286 bushels; corn, 30,073 bushels: all other kinds of grain, princi- 
pally oats, barley and lye, 12,991 bushels; potatoes. 12,174 bushels; wool. 19,509 pounds. 
Dairy products — butter, 28,940 pounds: cheese, 3,548 pounds. Contrasted with there- 
turns made for the year ending December 31, 1873, the showing stands; "Wheat, 12,011 
bushels; com, 38,000 bushels; all other kinds of grain, 41,170 bushels: potatoes, 14,380 
bushels; wool, 20,010 pounds. Dairy products — butter, 37,086 pounds; cheese, 15,575 
pounds. The largest increase is shown in wool and dairy produce. 

In 1850, the population was set down at 1,482. Thirty years later, in 1880, it was 
1,650. The advance in population has not been remarkable, but the increase of wealth, 
of production and the social advances made form a higher testimony in favor of the in- 
habitants. They prove that it is not the number, but rather the quality, of the laborers 
that builds up a State or any section of a State. 

The first American settlers of the township were Nathaniel Squier, George Hanscom. 
Elias Wilcox, Joseph Miller, Ezra Burgess, Elder Abel Warren, Peleg Ewell, Ii-a Preston, 
Joseph Lester, the Axfords, Owens and others, whose names are recorded in other pages of 
this work. 

Thomas Squier was the first white inhabitant who died in the town of Shelby. He 
was a brother of Hiram Squier, by whom he was buried. Joelamy Squier, a half-sister 
of Thomas Squier, was the first white child born in the township, her birth occmring in 
July, 1817. She married James Muir at an early day. and is now known as the Widow 
Muir. of Almont, where she still resides. 

ORGANIC. 

The township of Shelby was erected under authority given in the legislative enact- 
ment of April 12, 1827. and the first town meeting ordered to be held at the house of 
Perez Swift, the last Monday in May following. Shelby originally comprised Towns 2 
and 3 north, in the twelfth range east. 

The first meeting of the inhabitants of Shelby for the purpose of electing town officers 
was held at the house of Perez Swift. Calvin Davis presided, with Abijah Owen, Clerk. 
The result of this election was the choice of Joseph Lester, for Supervisor: Abel Warren, 



^^ 



Clerk; Solomon Wales, Jedediah Messenger, William A. Davis, Assessors; Eleazer Scott, 
Amasa Messenger and Rnssell Audrns, Overseers of the Poor; William Arnold and Isaac 
Russ, Constables; Nun Moe and Elias Wilcox, Overseers of Highways; Enoch Huntley, 
Isaac Russ, Elon Dudley, Orison Withey, Road Commissioners ; Eleazer Scott and George 
Hanscom, Pound-keepers; Joseph Lester, Abel Warren, Solomon Wales, William A. Davis 
and Jedediah Messenger presided as Inspectors of Elections. 

TOWN KOSTER. 

Supervisors —Joseph Li^ster, 1827-28; Samuel Axford, 1828-35; Ephraim Calkins, 
1835-88; County Commissioners, 1838-43; Oliver Adams, 1843-45; Pavne K. Leech, 
1845-46; Oliver' Adams, 1840-48; Jacob Scrambling, 1848-49; Philander Ewell, 1849- 
57; WiUard A. Wales, 1857-60; Philander Ewell. 1860-61; Pavne K Leech, 1861-62; 
Willard A. Wales, 1862-63; Chauncey W. Whitney, 1863-65; Philander Ewell, 1865- 
66; Willard A. Wales, 1866-68; Phillip Price, 1868-69; VVillai-d A. Wales, 1869-71; 
Pavne K. Leech, 1871-73; James S. Lawson, 1873-74; Albert L. Gofi". 1874-82. 

Clerks— Abel Warren, 1827-28; John Chapman, 1829; Solomon Wales, 1830; Will- 
iam A. Davis, 1831-33; P. B. Thurston, 1834; D M. Price, 1835-36; Orson Sheldon, 
1837; Orville Morrison, 183S; James B. Carter, 1839; C .W. Chappel, 1840; Hareligh, 
Carter, 1841-42; D. M. Price, 1843-44; Jacob Summers, 1845; Francis B. Chappel, 1846; 
Giu-donG. Deshore, 1847; Francis R. Chapel, 1848; Hareligh Carter, 1849; W. W. An- 
drus, 1850; Philip Price, 1851; Hareligh Carter, 1852; Chauncev W. Whitney, 1853; 
William Browuell, 1854; Elan Chapin, 1855; P. H. Knight, 1856; C. W. Weston, 1857- 
58; John O. Smith, 1859; Alonzo M. Keeler, 1860; Marvin Satler, 1861; Josiah Kings- 
bury, 1862-63, Albert L. Goff, 1864; Isaac Monfore. 1865; Philip Price, 1866-67; James 
S. Lawson, 1868-70; Aug. E. Bacon, 1871-73; M. C. Keller. 1874; Milton B. Salter, 
1875; George T. Connor, 1876; William S. Andrews, 1877; Gm-don C. Leech, 1878-80; 
Frank F. Williams, 188L 

Treasm-ers— Elias Wilcox, 1827-28; Nun Moe, 1829; Josiah Lockwood, 1830; Na- 
thaniel Squiere, 1831; Joseph Lester, 1832; A. D. Yemmons, 1833; Josiah T. Robinson, 
1834; George E. Adair, 1835; Albert G. Fuller, 1836; Jesse B. Gridley. 1837; Josiah 
Price, 1838-42; Layman B. Price, 1843-45; Jacob Summers, 1846; George Price, 1847; 
James B. St. John, 1848; Walter Porter, 1849; George W. Summers, 1850; George St. 
John, 1851; James Cheney, 1852; William Brownell, 1853; John G. Marsh, 1854; P. 
H. Knight, 1855; Jervis Winaus, 1856; George King, 1857; Isaac C. Cross, 1858; Ste- 
phen s; Merrill, 1859; Orrin Goflf, 1860; Haswell H. Church, 1861-62; Ephraim Par- 
menter, 1863; Cyros C. Ladd, 1864; John W. Master, 1865; Samuel Ladd, 1866; Alson 
Haines, 1867; William Rowley, 1868-69; David B. Aiidrews, 1870; Milo Bacon, 1871; 
Gurdon C. Leech, 1872-73; Ralph Wilcox, 1874; Reuben T. St. John, 1875-70; George 
T. Connor, 1877; Reuben T. St. John, 1878-79; William S. Andrus, 1880; Martin C. 
Keeler, 1881. 

Justices of the Peace — Daniel W. Phillips, Orson Sheldon, John Chapman, Russell 
Goff, 1836; Daniel W. Phillips, 1837: Orson Sheldon, 1838; Harlehigh Carter, 1839; 
Russell Goff, 1840; C. B. H. Fessenden, James Cheeney. 1841; Carey Worden, 1842; 
Hareligh Carter, 1843; Layman B. Price, 1844; Jacob Summers, 1845; Carey Worden, 
1846; Jacob N. Merrill, 1847; Elam Chapin. Hareligh Carter, 1848; Jacob Summers, 
1849; O. Morrison, Harlehigh Carter, 1851; Joshua Price, Orvill Morrison, Timothy J. 
Marvin, 1853; Edmund P. Adair, 1854; Orrin Wilcox, 1857; Joseph Moser, 1858; La- 
fayette Warren, 1859; Alonzo M. Keeler, 1856; Alonzo M. Keeler, 1860; C. W. Whitney, 
1801; James S. Kelly, 1802; Lafayette Warren, 1863; Alex W. Warner, Oliver Adams, 
1864; David W. Price, Chester Andrews, John Lintz, 1865; C. W. Whitney, Isaac C. 
Cross, 1866; Alonzo M. Keeler, 1867; Alex Grant, Isaac C. Cross, 1868; Palmer N. 



r 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Baker, Hiram D. Runyan, 1869; Alexander Grant, 1870; Samuel W. Phillips, 1871 
Isaac C. Gross, 1872; Palmer N. Baker, 1873; James H. Boughton, P. Price, 1874; J, 
Newton Montfort, Harvey Wilcox, 1875; Alexander Grant, 1876; George H Cannon, M 
Firman, 1877; J. H. Boughton, A. B. Adams, 1878; William Moe, 1879; James Williams 
William Moe, 1880; Harvey Wilcox. 1881. 

The elections of 1882, resulted as follows: Supervisor, A. L. Goft'. Democrat, 194 
Haswell Church, Republican, 155; Democratic majority, 39. Clerk, W. H.Marvin, Repub- 
lican, 185; R. J. St. John, Democrat, 167; Republican majority, 18. Treasurer, H. J. Swit- 
zer, Republican, 265; D. E. Pearsall, Democrat, 79; Republican majority, 186. 

scnoOL.s. 
The schools of Shelby Township are singularly fortunate in management. From 
that time referred to in the chapter of pioneer history, when the education of youth was a 
matter of great difficulty, the peoj)le have attended to school interests in a manner marked 
by solicitude. To-day, there are seven school districts, each possessing a good school 
building. No. 1, comprised in Utica, claims a brick schoolhouse valued at if 10,000. The 
number of children enrolled is 339. No. 3 building is valued at .fUOOO, $800 of which 
sum is due. Number of children, sixty-four. No. 4 (fractional) is attended by sixty- 
three pupils. The building is valued at $1,500. No. 5 is a brick structure valued at $1,- 
400, and capable of seating forty-seven pupils. No. 5 (fractional), a frame building, val- 
Tied at $450. This school is attended by 122 children. No. 6 claims sixty-one children 
of sohool age, and a frame building valued at $1,000. No. 8 (fi'actional) has a brick 
building, vahied at $1,000. The number of children belonging is thirty-three. The total 
number of children of school age in the town of Shelbj' in 1881 was 729, of which nmn- 
ber about 80 per cent attended school. 

UTICA VILLAGE. 

The present village of Utica was named Harlow by Joseph Stead. In 1833, a num- 
ber of Americans who had settled in the neighborhood, assembled at Elias Scott's house to 
adopt a name for the village, when Gm'don C. Leech proposed the name Utica, which 
name was adopted. Among the settlers in 1831 were John James, Gurdon C. and Payne 
K. Leech, William A. Davis and family, William Smith, Ethan Squiers, Elias Scott, 

Joseph Stead, George E. Adair, E. P. Adair, Lyman Wentworth. Sparks, the Chapel 

brothers, B. L. Watkins. B. Kittridge, Peter Moe, Lyman T. Jenny, Job Hoxie, Jedediah 
Messenger, Amasa Messenger, Asa Huntley, . Jonathan Allen, Joseph Lester, Luman 
Squiers and Anthony King. In 1832, a large number located in the neighborhood. 

William Smith was the first Postmaster; Benjamin Kittridge kept the first tavern. 
A. B. Cooley, who afterward settled at Oshkosh, Wis., was considered one of the tii'st and 
most expert counterfeiters of Utica. 

Previous to 1828, a log schoolhouse stood on Cass street. Near the depot was a 
second log house, in which school was taught for a number of years. One of the best re- 
membered teachers of this time was Prescott B. Thurston. 

Adam Price built a grist and saw mill in 1828-29. The saw- mi 11 was erected in 1827 
by Jacob Price, where the Utica mills now stand. At the same time, he constructed a 
race from the river, a distance of thirty rods, which gave a six-foot fall. 

William A. Davis built a distillery at Utica previous to 1828, on the site now occu- 
pied by Lyman Fuller's house. Payne K. Leech erected the second distillery about 1831. 
This was located opposite the present Utica mills. James Stephens built the third dis- 
tillery about 1843 or 1844. In 1845, Charles W. Chapel built the fom-th distillery on the 
canal. Mr. Wentworth, at present of Utica, and one of its most enterjn-ising citizens, 
was connected with one of those early industries. 



720 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

Richard L. Clarke, President of the Utica Bank, was well known in those early days. 
The company redeemed all notes, enabling the people to state that " it was a very good 
bank for a wild-cat bank." 

The Library Association was formed at Utica about 1S3(5, a few years before the 
Utica Lyceum was organized. 

The Utica foundry, operated by James Carter and Covell, stood on the site of 

the Clinton House. The upper Hoor formed the meeting-house of the Presbyterians. 

In 1846, D. M. Price and C. W. Chapel built the Canal Mills, It was a general 
thins to turn out 10(1 barrels of Hour every morning. This continued until the construc- 
tion of the jilank road via New Baltimore diverted trade. 

Under an act apjiroved March 9, 1838, that portion of Shellty and Jefferson (Ster- 
ling) Townships, comjirisiug the northwest corner of the southwest quarter of Section 33, 
in Town 3 north. Range 12 east, running thence east one and a half miles to the northeast 
corner of the northwest corner (quarter) of Section 3, in Town 2, north, of Range 12 e.ist; 
thence westoneand ahalf miles, to thesouthwestcornerof the northwest ijuarter of Section 4 
in that township, and thence north one mile, was erected with a village to be named 
Utica, and the tirst village meeting was ordered to be held at the schoolhouse the fii-st 
Monday in May, 1838. Organization was eflected under this act, but its body corporate 
ceased to have an actual existence after a short time. 

In the general history of Macomb, reference is made to a few Canadians who squatted 
on the HaiTington farm during the absence of its owner at Detroit, and remained there 
until Harrington retm-ued to claim his land, when they ijuietly pushed forward westward 
and located on the site of the present village of Utica. Among those settlers were Mr. 
Hoxie, referred to in the history of Komeo, and Mr. Squiers, the oldest resident of Shelby 
Township. It is related that the former was connected with the lake pirate — the Black 
Snake — and that after the war of 1812 was over, he, with a few companions, sought a 
refuge in the wilds north of Detroit. Mr. Squiers arrived in 1817. The Cowies, Chapa- 
tons, Siunmers, St. Johns and others mentioned in the list of original land purchasers, 
followed, and the nucleus of the village was formed. 

Utica was, years ago, connected with Detroit by a railway line then known as the 
Detroit & Shelby Railroad, a strap railroad, operated by horse-power. It is on the old 
Clinton & Kalamazoo Canal, which, though not now in use, affords excellent water-power 
for oj)erating two large Hour-mills and a pulp factory. The D. & B. C. R. R. passes 
through the village, placing it twenty-fom- miles north of Detroit. Mt. Clemens, the 
county seat, in nine miles east. The village contains three chiu'ches — Catholic, Congre- 
gational and Methodist — graded school, employing five teachers, two good hotels — the 
"Exchange" and the Clinton House. William H. Marvin publishes a weekly newspaper 
known as the Utica Sen/inel. The post office is conducted by Mrs. Julia P. Grant. A 
Masonic lodge, a musical society and a number of religious associations connected with the 
various churches are in existence. The Union Schoolhouse is one of the principal evi- 
dences of progress within the village. This building is valued at !{il(),()0(), and points out 
very distinctly the intuitive love of education entertained by the inhabitants. 

The population of the village, according to the census of 1880, is ^uO. Among the 
business and professional men of Utica, in the past and present, are found the names of 
Wm. W. Andrus, Wm. Bridges, AVm. Brownell, Seth K. Shetterly, Frank F. Williams, Elam 
Moe, William Summers, George Wilkins, James Williams, John N. Young, Ralph Wilcox, 
Edmund P. Adair, Dominick Chapaton, Martin Firman, Alex Grant, Philip A. Knight, 
George A. Ladd, James Gramby, Adam Wagner, John Ruby, Daniel Robinson, Peter 
Montfort, C. O. Burgess, James Messmore, M. J. Rorick, James H. St John, Samuel P. 
St. John. F. J. Simmons, Gui-don C. Leech, Lyman Wentworth, George E. Adair and 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Charles P. Smith. The location of Utiea is very favorable. In early years, the place 
was made famous by its enterprises. It was the last settlement in Michigan to snifer un- 
der the effects of the financial crisis of 1837. and ainong the fii-st to show evidences of a 
business revival. Its early banking institutions, newspapers, churches, schools, all re- 
ferred to in other sections of this work, point out Utica to bs once the home of progi'ess. 
In later years, it seems to have reached the limit of its growth but more recently the citi- 
zens have shown a desire to advance their village, which desire is being made practical. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The village of Utica was incorporated a second time, May 10, 1877, with J. N. Young, 
President; Alex Grant. Clerk: S. L. DeKay, Marshal; Mes.s'rs. E. P. Adair, W. H. Har- 
vey, James Kapps, J. H. St. John, Ladd and Mitchell, Trustees. The officers 

for 1878 were: William W. Anckus. President: Alex Grant, Clerk; E. P. Adair, J. H. 
St. John, J. S. Hollister, Martin Firman. Elam Moe, AV. H. Harvev, Trustees. 

The officers for 1879 were: William W. Ancb-us, President: Frank F. W'illiams, Sec- 
retary: James H. St. John. Daniel Robinson, ^^'. H. Harvey, Marvin Abernethy, Elam 
Moe, Trustees: Gurdon C. Leech, Treasurer; S. L. De Kay, Street Commissioner; Stuart 
Beatty, Constable; Ralph AA'ilcox, Assessor. 

The officers for 1880 were: William W. Andrus, President: F. F. Williams, Clerk; 
J. S. Hollister, M. Firman, Alex Grant, W. H. Harvey, D. Robinson, J. H. St. John, 
Trustees: Gm-don C. Leech. Treasurer: R. E. Rogers, Assessor. 

The officers for 1881-82 were: William H. Hai-vey, President: F. F. Willams, Clerk; 
CTurdon L. Leech, Treasiu-er; George E. Adair, Assessor: James Kapps, David Robinson, 
James H. St. John, Maitin Firman; J. S. Hollister and Alex Grant, Trustees. 

The village officers for 1882-83 are: W"m. H. Harvey, President; Jehial S. Hollister, 
Charles O. Bm-gess, Ralph Wilcox, Trustees; Erastus W. Lawi-ence, Clerk; Stephen D. 
Adams, Treasm'er: George E. Adair, Assessor; Andrew T. Sopher. Street Conamissioner; 
Francis O. Crocker, Constable. 

DISCO VILLAGE. 

The hamlet of Disco was platted in 1849. The owners intended that the place 
should become an academical town, and carried out that intention. The men interested 
in this laudable enterprise set apart ten acres of land and an endowment fund of $1,000. 
In 1850, the academy biiilding was erected, and Aloiizo M Keeler appointed Principal. 
Subsecjuently, the common school of the district was taken under the academical wing, 
and so the building continued in the service of high and primary education until 1864, 
when the lower floor was given to the School Trustees and the upper to the religious so- 
cieties of the neighborhood. 

The village is located on the Middle Branch of the Clinton River, fourteen miles 
northwest of the county seat and four miles north of Utica. its shipping- point. Its popu- 
lation is 110. 

The principal industries of the village are comjirised in a wooden bowl factory, feed- 
mill, cider-mill and jilaning-mill. Among the business and professional men are A. E. 
Bacon, physician; G. T. Darby, grocer; J. H. Bell, bowl manufactiu'er; John C. Adams, 
dealer in produce: George Brown, wagon-maker; James Cole, hunber manufacturer: Cross 
& Payne, wagon-makers, eider manufactiu-ers and planing-mill operators; M. J. Monfore, 
agricultm-al implements: H. N. Orcutt, James Ray and Selfridge, blacksmiths. 

The first settlers of Disco were John Keeler, Alonzo M, Keeler, Isaac C. Cross, James 
B. Fry and Henry Skerritt. John Russell, the temperance lectm-er, is named among the 
first settlers. Mrs. H. J. Salter had charge of the post office until the appointment of 
Miss Emma A. Keeler. 



^ tt PV 



,> 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



TIIK i;TICA LYCEl'M. 

This association, for the promotion of education, was orgfanized November 1, 1839. 
The original members were Hareligh Carter, Peter S. Palmer, J. B. Carter, M. H. A. 
Evans, D. M. Price, H. 0. Bronsou, C. S. Madison, C. B. H. Fessenden, Gurdon C. 
Leech, N. D. Stebbins, C. \V. Chapel, F. D. Watkins, Orson Sheldon, John James, L. T. 
Ten Eyek, H. R. Schetterly, J. C. McKisson, James Stephens, John Gray, G. W. Men-ill, 
Gary Worden, A. E. Fuller and Orville Stevens. The first meeting of the association was 
held in the Presbyterian session room, with Orson Sheldon in the chair and P. J. Palmer, 
Secretary. A committee on constitution reported at an adjourned meeting, held December 
'2, 1839, when a series of rules for the government of the lyceum was adopted. The first 
officers were; O. Sheldon, President: N. D. Stebbins, Vice President: C. B. H. Fessenden, 
Secretary: J. B. Carter, Treasui'er: C. W. Chapel, Collector; R. L. Clai-ke, Librarian: 
J. C. McKisson, F. D. Watkins and G. W. Merrill, Committee of Arrangements. The 
first question discussed was, •' Should the laws of Usiu-y be abolished'!"" The last record 
of the association is dated January 9, 185S, and signed by C. L. Jenny, Secretary. Pre 
vious to the organization of the lyceum. the Utica Library Association existed. 

The Mammoth Hotel was built at Utica in 1839, and opened for business January 
1, 1840. Numbers of people from all parts of the county, as well as from Oakland, 
AVayne and St. Clair Couaties were jjresent. 

THE CONfillEOATION.M. CHirRcni. 

Rev. William Piatt commenced labor in Utica, Mich., on the first Sunday in June, 
1854. Januaiy 11, 1855, ''the scattered fragments"' of a Presbyterian Church and a few 
others "were organized by Council into a Congregational Chiu-ch. " The original mem- 
bers of this church numbered sixteen. John B. Chapman and Oliver Nichols were the 
first Deacons. Ths first-named still resides at Utica, and is at this date (February, 18S2) 
the sole Deacon of the church. Rev. William Piatt was the first pastor, and continued 
to hold that office until his voluntary retirement, in the summer of 1871. He was suc- 
ceeded in August of the same year by O. Hobbs, whose ministry lasted six months. From 
the 1st of February, 1872, to the latter part of September, there was no pastor, but meet- 
ings were held, the ("lerk of the church reading sermons. Dr. Payson Breede, a young 
man. commenced labors with the church as minister Sejitember 22. He continued to be 
pastor Tintil A])ril 1. 1877. During this ministry, the chiu'ch made considerable additions. 
The house, though decorated within and fm'nished with a f lu'uace and pipe-organ, remains 
essentially the same as when first built, if we except a small addition made in the rear for 
the accommodation of th? new organ. During the earlier history of the church, it was 
aided by the American Home Missionary Society. Some years since, however, it ceased to 
receive this'aid, and is at present supported wholly by funds from Utica and the sur- 
rounding country. In the building of its house of worship, the church received the aid 
of the Congregational Union. The seats are at present mostly owned by individuals. 
The present (February, 1882) resident membership is* about sixty. 

HIOGRAPIIICAL. 

The personal history of the township constitijtes a very essential part of the history 
of the county. It is the record of industry, of enterprise and of duty done. This most 
important branch of local history has been treated extensively, every effort was made to 
render it full and correct, and therefore, we have pleasure in referring oiu* readers to the 
pages devoted to it in this volume: 

WILLIAM BROWNELL, P. O. Utica. Mr. B. was born November 1(5, 1830, in 
Farmington, Oakland Co., Mich. ; is the son of George and Clarissa Grant Brownell: his 



#* 



'A 



father was one of tlie pioneer settlers of Oakland County, was born in New Lisbon, Otsego 
Co.. N. Y. , and died August 1"), ISTit; his mother was born January 'i. l^O'l, in the State 
of New York, and died September 17, 18."),"); in the spring of IS.M, Dr. Brownell came to 
this county and began the practice of his profession, which he has since continued, with 
the exception of three years" service in the war of the rebellion, as Sui'geon of the Second 
Regiment Michigan Cavalry; he was married, May 10, IS.jf), at -Jackson, Mich., to Jane 
E. Scudder, born September 13, 1834, at Utica: two of thi'ee children born to them are 
living — Lizzie M. , born May 21, 1851), died Sejjteraber 28, 1862; Kate G. , February 23, 
1865, and William S., May 14, 1868. Dr. B. was elected to represent his district two 
terms in the Legislature: he has been a member of the School Board of Utica fifteen 
years, and has been its President since 1867; has been actively connected with school in- 
terests thirty vears: he is a Democrat in politics. 

IKA h! BITTTERFIELD, Sr., was born December 6, 1812, in Perry, Wyoming Co., 
N. y. ; removed permanently to Michigan in November, 1838, where he settled on Section 
32, township of Shelby; there he resided continuously until the spring of 1866, when he 
removed to Lapeer, Lapeer County, where he still resides. Mrs. Rachel McNeill Butter- 
field was born in Antrim, N. H., in 1811, and was a direct descendant of the Scotch-Irish 
people who settled Londonderry, N. H. They were married in 1838, just before settling 
in Michigan; this lady died iu October, 1846. 

IRA HOWARD "BUTTERFIELD, Jr., was born December 22, 1840, on Section 32, 
township of Shelby, one and one-half miles northwest of the village of Utica, where he 
lived until the spring of 1861, when he went to California overland, with stock, remaining 
away nearly thi-ee years: was then two years at Utica on his father's farm; iu the spring 
of 1866, removed to Lapeer, Mich., and purchased a farm, and, up to May, 187U. was en- 
gaged in stock-raising and farming; since then and at present he is a Deputy Collector 
and Inspector of Customs at Port Hm-on, Mich. , and is also one of the Directors of the 
State Agricultm-al Society. August 21.), 18()6, he married Miss Olive F. Davison, who was 
born August 8, 1842, in the township of Atlas, Genesee County, Mich. ; her father was 
Oliver P. Davison, a native of Nev,- York, who settled in that township in 1831; they were 
the parents of fiiur childi-en, two of whom died young; two boys are now living — Kenyon 
L. , born in IStiS. and Clinton D. in 1878. 

ELIPHALET J. CANNON, P. O. Washington, farmer. Section 3, was borp Novem- 
ber 18, 1812, in Shrewsbury. Rutland Co., Yt. ; he is the son of Pearl and Mary (Fuller) 
Cannon (see sketch of Gen. G. H. Cannon). Mr. C. came to this county in September. 
1806, and purchased eighty three acres of land: he now owns 164 acres of first-class land 
with good dwelling and commodious and substantial buildings. Mr. Cannon was mar- 
ried, November 30. 1834, to Tryphouia M. Prouty, a native of Granville, Washington Co.. 
N. Y. ; her mother was born July 4, 1793. in Hartford, Washington Co., N. Y., her father 
in 1775, in Worcester County, Mass. ; her gi-andfather was a soldier in the war of 1812. 
Mr. and Mrs. Cannon have had six children, whose record is as follows: Mary J., born 
March 19. 183r); Anna M., January 9. 1837, died January 23, 185."); Paulina f., July 4, 
1839, married James S. Lawson. May 22. 1861: Juliette I., April 25, 1842. died June 
17, 1862; Levi E., April 21, 1844, married Lucelia M. Manley, December 16, 1868: Ella A., 
October 23. 1847, married Martin C. Williams, July 16, 1872, died April 19, 1880. Mr. 
C. is a Republican in politics and himself and wife are members of the Chi-istian Chiu-ch, 
of Romeo. Levi Cannon, only son of Eliphalet and Mahala Cannon, of English and Ger- 
man descent, was born April 21, 1844, in Day, Saratoga Co.. N. Y. : removed witli his 
parents to Shelby, Macomb Co., Mich., in October, 185r); married, Decemlier 16. 1868, to 
Lucelia M. Manley, second daughter of Joel W. and Julia Manley, of English and Irish 
descent, bora June 28, 1846, in Shelby, Macomb County; they have always been residents 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



of Shelby and have no children. Mr. C. is a farmer and, for the past ten years, has de- 
voted considerable time to locating and estimating pine and hardwood lands in the northern 
part of the States: latterly he is in the employ of the D., M. & M. R. R. Company of 
the Upper Pennisiila. 

GEORGE HENRY CANNON, P. O. Washington, was born in Day, Saratoga Co., 
N. Y., December HO, 1820; he is the son of Pearl and Mary (Fuller) Cannon, natives of 
Warwich. Mass.; the latter was born April 10, 178(), the former in 1784; they were mar- 
ried in 1805, and had eleven children, seven of whom siu'vive, as follows. Rev. John Can- 
non. September 21, 1808; Rev. Isaiah Fuller Cannon, September 1(5, 1810; Eliphalet 
Johnson. November IS, 1812; Maiy\ July Ki, J8l8: George H., December HO, 1S2<); Levi 
Hathaway, April lU, 1880, and Sarah, April 11, 18H2. The senior Cannon removed his 
family to Saline, Washtenaw County, in 18HH, and, fom- years later, to Bruce, Macomb 
County, settling in Shelby in 184(): he died in that township January '), 18r>2, and his 
wife died March '2.7), 18()2; both grandsires of Mr. Cannon were engaged in the country's 
earliest struggle for existence, and their descendants have preserved names guiltless of 
divorce or criminal records. Mr C. is a creditable sample of what a man may make of 
himself: in his youth, Michigan had no free schools, and he obtained his education through 
his own exertion, working nights and mornings for his board and for the teacher at the 
close of his term to pay his tuition; at nineteen, he entered the service of a party explor- 
ing in the Lake Superior regions, with whom he remained one year, meantime coasting in 
an open boat nearly around that lake. The record of his travels were publishea in a series 
of letters soon after his retiu'n; he attended the academy at Rochester, Oakland County, two 
years: the institution was under the charge of Peter Moyers, of Washington Township, 
during the lirst year: he died and was succeeded by Prof. R. C. Kedzie, now Professor of 
Chemistry of the Agricultural College at Lansing: after leaving the academy, Mr. C. 
taught two winters in Oakland County and two in Macomb County ; in the spring of 1849. 
he was employed by Judge W. A. Burt, in company with others, in making an examina- 
tion of a district north and west of the Saginaws: in 18r)0, he had chai-ge of the surveys 
for Mr. Burt. and. during that season, made the sub-divisional lines of about ten tovvn- 
ships; on the Itth day of August, he was appointed United States Deputy Siu'veyor, in 
which capacity he has performed a large amoiuat of surveying on the Government lands 
as embraced in nine contracts, including the Grand Traverse Region, many towns near 
Cheboygan and the islands of Saginaw Bay: he also did much work on the Upper Penin- 
sula and examined by appointment the condition of the surveys in the territory between 
Lakes Superior and Michigan, and from the meridian line as far west as the pictured 
rocks, consuming two seasons in the vFork and crossing the peninsula from lake to lake 
several times; he was also appointed to survey an extensive district of township lines on 
the north shore of Lake Superior in Minnesota, which extended to Pigeon River, the 
national boundary line. During the summer of 185(), he made the survey of an extensive 
Indian Reservation; since the closing of the public siu"veys, he has been largely engaged 
in examining and selecting pine and farming lands in Michigan and W'isconsin. Mr. 
Cannon resides on Section 4: besides his homestead, he owns extensive lands in several 
counties of this State; he was married, October 81, 1852, to Lucy Marie, daughter of 
Isaac Cole, of Erie County, N. Y. : their children's record is as follows: Alice, wife of Dr. 
A. Clarke, of Caunonsbm-g, Kent County, bom August 10, 1858; Eber P., born January 
20, 1855, deceased; George Lee, November 18. 1850, deceased: Frank E., June 24, 1800, 
deceased; Howard B., February 5, 1808, and William A.. September 28, 1870. Mr. C. 
is a man of quiet and retiring manners, yet sufficiently mindful of his inherent obligations 
as an American citizen to respond cheerfully to the summons of his peers to official duty. 
Since the days of Fremont, he has been an unwavering supporter of the principles of 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Republicanism aud au uncompromising Union man during the rebellion and is always 
found in the service of practical Christianity; he contributed generously to the erection 
of the Union Church at Washington, and is, with his wife, a non-resident member of 
the Mt. Vernon Baptist Church: his religious views are characterized by tolei-ance of the 
opinions and beliefs of others; he is a warm-hearted friend to all worthy humanity and 
entertains his guests with a marked generosity: his moral character is without a stain ; 
his word is a bond and his judgment in practical business life is considered justly uner- 
ring. 

REV. JOHN CANNON (autobiography). I was born in the town of New Salem, 
Mass., September 21, 1808, and was the eldest child of Pearl Cannon and Mary Fuller, 
his wife; both parents were of English ancestry; my paternal and maternal grandfather 
each served diu'ing the Revolutionary war; my family moved westward, to New Hamp- 
shire, in 1810; thence to Vermont, in 18'2(): thence to Day, Saratoga Co., N. Y. I shared 
the toils and hardships incident to a pioneer's life in the rocky, mountainous portion of 
Eastern New York, om- chief occupation being lumbering, shaving shingles and •• peeling 
tanbai-k." March '28, 1830, I married Sally Cook, daughter of Stephen Cook, of Welsh 
descent, and Thankful Creal, whose parents came from Holland: we have raised a family 
of seven childi-en — Stephen B. , born September 30, 1832 (see sketch): Sarah M,, Septem- 
ber 22, 1834; John W., Jan. 17. 183H; Hannah M., April 10. 1838; Ellery C, December 
28, 1842: Mary L., August 21, 1846; Thedee A., August 30, 1841t. The "year following 
our marriage, we began to hear of the land of " milk and honey," where porkers ran about 
ready roasted, with carving-knife and fork stuck in their back, and money grew on bushes 
— even the Territory of Michigan; being tired of climbing hills and desirous of obtaining 
a home, we left om- kindred aud set out for the promised land. After a weary joiu-uey, 
we arrived in Washtenaw County, in the fall of 1831; the following year, we purchased 
land near Ypsilanti, building a comfortable frame house, and, feeling much elated with 
our success, began to improve om' home. I had been converted at the age of sixteen, and 
united with the Christian Church, whose creed is the Bible, and had early been impressed that 
it was my duty to preach the word to a perishing world. After much prayer, I laid the 
matter before my faithful wife, who, with her accustomed bravery, answered: "Do what 
is yovu- duty, and I will do all 1 can to help you." In the year 1834, we sold our home 
and moved to Royal Oak. Oakland County. I now gave my time to the work of traveling 
and preaching, while my family lived upon short rations and fared hard, as the pioneer 
minister's wife and children are often obliged to do. My circuit embraced Wayne, La- 
peer, Macomb and part of Washtenaw Counties; my road lay through the forest, following 
bridle-paths, or old trails, always on horseback, preaching on an average 250 sermons a 
year and traveling 3.000 miles. From the year 1838 to 1842, I held meetings each day 
in the year. The people thronged to hear the Word, and in many a log schoolhouse, or 
simple settler's cabin, precious seasons of revival and wondrous outpourings of God's 
power were manifested. Since the beginning of my ministry, I have baptized nearly UOO 
believers, married 210couj)les and attended 419 funerals. In 1838. we pm-chased a small 
place in Shelby, Macomb County, aud have resided in the county ever since. By means 
of farming aud other mechanical pursuits, and the small remuneration I received for my 
preaching (having never received a salary), we brought up om- children, and now, in 1882, 
remain an unbroken family circle. My wife and I celebrated om- " golden wedding " 
March 28. 1880, ou which occasion we were generously remembered by a host of kind 
friends. As an illustration of the difficulties we encountered in those early days, I relate 
the following incident: Having an appointment to till at Ridgeway, Lenawee County, 
while proceeding thither on horseback, I arrived at Ypsilanti and found that the high 
water, caused by a June freshet, had carried away the bridge over the Huron River; they 




had made a temporai'y bridge to accoinmodate foot passengers, by placing saw-horses at 
proper intervals, and placing a single plank from one to the other; on account of the high 
bank on one side of the river and the low land on the other, this frail bridge was in some 
places several feet from the water. I must cross this bridge with my pony, or fail to 
reach my appointment at the hour, as this was the direct roiite. My horse had walked logs 
when lying lengthwise over miry places, so I resolved to try her on the bridge. I dis- 
mounted, and removed the saddle and indisjsensable saddle-bags. A crowd came out to 
witness the strange spectacle. I started out on my strange journey, the pony following, 
nothing daunted by the unusual path, and we reached the shore in safety, amidst the 
cheers of the crowd. Thits by hard paths, and through manifold trials, God led the pio- 
neers of Michigan in all safety, imtil we who are left to tell the story of our simjile, la- 
borious life of trials and triumphs, see our children and childi'en's children inheriting a 
goodly land, and we look forward to "a better country, whose Builder and Maker is the 
Lord." 

ALFRED CARLTON, farmer. Section 1', P. O, Disco, was born August 21. IN-iC), iu 
Monroe County, N. Y. : is the son of Richard and Lucinda Whitney Carltou; his father 
was born December 2."). 1TS4. in Orange County, Yt., and was of English ancestry; his 
mother was born in the same county in ITSH, and was of French extraction; they removed 
to Macomb Cotuity, Mich., in October, 18H'2, and died, the former in 1862, the latter in 
18()(i. Alfred Carlton's grandfather was born in Connecticut; his name was Richard 
Carlton and he married Ruth Baker, of Tolland, Vt. ; he served live years in the Revolu- 
tionary war under Gen. Washington: ho died at Brooldield, Vt., in 1824, and his wife 
followed him in 18H7. The gi'eatgrandfather"s name was also Richard Carlton; he was 
born in Vermont and married Hannah Hutchins, of the same State. Alfred Carlton was 
six years of age when his parents moved to Michigan: he was the youngest of a family of 
seven children, whose names and ages are as follows; William Carlton, born August 11, 
181I-5: Aaron Carlton, August 9, 1815; John A. Carlton. August 22, 1817; Henry Carlton, 
November 21. ISIU; Eliza Carlton. June .">, 1821; Hannah Carlton. August 21. 1824; Al- 
fred P. Carlton, August 20. l!S2t'). When twenty-two years of age, Mr. C. purchased 
fifty acres of land in the township of ^Vashington, which he afterward sold and bought 
sixty-seven acres in another locality; ho now owns 120 acres of valuable land under culti- 
vation; he was married to Eliza A. Preston, daughter of Ira and Deborah Preston, Seji- 
tember Ifi, 1852; they have two children — Emma D. . born January 28, 18()2; EttaL., 
August HO. ISfiC). Mr. C. held the office of Drain Commissioner and belongs to the 
Masonic order: in politics he is a Republican. 

ELAM CHAPIN (deceased) was bom February IS, 1811. in Steuben pounty, N Y. ; 
was the son of Johnson and Phebe (Gaston) Chapin, respectively of Welsh and English 
descent; he came to this county in 1S82 and purchased ninety acres of land two years 
later; he afterward bought eighty-three acres of partially improved land, now owned by 
his widow; he married, for his first wife, Lavaucha S. Davis, born in Covington, Genesee 
(now Wyoming) Co., N. Y., November 24, 1818; her father, Calvin Davis, was born April 
27. 17yH. in Worcester County, Mass; his wife, Sylvia (Beardsley) Davis, was born in 
Cherry Valley, Otsego Co., N. Y.. February lit, 1798; they were man-ied, January 21), 
1815, and have one child — Andrew B.. born April 5, lS;-?9. He married, for his first wife, 
Josephine H. Rose; they had thi-ee children — Elam P.. Lavancha M. and Andrew B., Jr. 
His second wife was Alice Osborn; he was a sm-geon in the war of the rebellion, from 
October, 1802. to its close; was with Gen. Butler in his expedition up the James River. 
He belongs to the Masonic fraternity and is a Knight of the Red Cross; also is a member 
of the A. O. U. W. Mr. Chapin of this sketch was in the Toledo war and was a Demo- 
crat in politics: he died February 24. 18r)(i. 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUKTY. 



HASWELL H. CHUECH, P. O. Utica, fanner, on Section 2U, was born March 7, 
1S21, in Jericho. Chittenden Co., Vt. ; is the son of Ezra and Lucinda (Mead) Church; his 
father was boru in March. ITU'J. in Chelsea. Vt., and died in August, ISSl; his mother 
was born in 171)7, in Underbill, Chittenden Co., Vt. .and died in January, 18'2ri. Mr. 
Church came to the township of Macomb, this county, in September, 1848, and, a few 
years after, pm'chased eighty acres of wild land on Section 4, which he afterward sold, 
and pm'chased forty acres on Section 1, in Shelby; this he also disposed of and bought 
eighty acres in Kay, selling again and buying his present homestead of 120 acres. He 
was married, January 5, 184S, to Maiy A. Davis, a native of Shelby Township, born 
January 5, 1828: they have had ten children, sis of whom are living, born as follows: 
Frank S.. December 28. 1848, in Shelby, mai-ried Millie H. Carter, January 11, 
1870; Hattie M., March 4, IS')"), in Macomb, married Ai'thur E. Van Eps, October 28, 
1881: Calvin D.. September 5, 1858: Libbie L.. January 7. 18r)2; Jennie L.. February 
H, 181)4; Florence V., July 15, 18Hr). The ionr last named were born in Shelby Township. 
Mr. Church is a man whose whole life has secui-ed the confidence of his townsmen 
wherever he has lived: he was School Director of Macomb several terms; has been Sheriff 
two entire and a fraction of a third term: has also served as Treasui-er of Shelby two 
yeai's. In politics, he is a Republican; is a member of the Masonic order and a Granger. 
Mrs. Chm-ch belongs to the M. E. Church, of Utica. 

JOHN CLARK, Utica, son of Thomas and Matilda (Wooley) Clark, born September 
16, 18.J8, in Lincolnshire, England: removed with his parents when eighteen months old 
to- Detroit, Mich. ; removed from Detroit in the fall "of 18<)2, with his parents, to Saginaw 
County, Mich. : lived at a munber of places in the State until the sjaring of 18<')5, when he 
removed with his parents to Sterling Township, Macomb County, Mich. . where he has 
lived until the present date, February 20, 18S2: was educated at the common schools and 
followed the occupation of a farmer to the present time. 

SYLVESTER DARLING (deceased), was born June 2, 178."., in Oneida Coun- 
ty. N. Y. : he was married July 4, 1814, to Amy luman: she was born May 2(5, 1 i'.t<, 
in Greene County, N. Y. Mr. Darling came to this county in October, 1828, and jnir- 
chased eighty acres of land on Section 4, where his widow now resides; they had eleven 
children, six of whom are living; they were born as follows: Orpha, October 28, 1820: 
John, October. 1818; Mary, May 20, 1S22; Nathan, November 14, 1S28; Heniy, October 
2U, 182(5: Clarissa. November 8, 1881; Martha Matilda, March 25, 1.S87: Francis Mar- 
ion, January 80, 1889; Abner, November 7, 1^114: Samuel, December 2^ 1815: Emily 
was born May 80, 1817, in Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y.: she was married to Elisha Went- 
worth, June 28, 188<); he was born August 4. 1812, and they live on the homestead with 
Mrs. Darling. Mi-. Darling was a soldier of 1812 and his widow draws a pension. 

JOSEPH EilERSON, P. O. Utica. son of Elemuel and Lydia (Emerson) Emerson, 
born December 10, 1S28, in Kennebec County. Me. : removed to Section 8, Macomb. 
Mi(5h., in June, bS4S; has lived in Macomb County until the present time; educated in 
the common schools of Maine in his younger days: worked in a brickyard, and at farming, 
and in running logs down the Kennebec. Penobscot. ^lerrimack and St. John's Rivers, 
and in the lumber business in Western Pennsylvania; since removing to Michigan, he has 
been engaged in farming and dealing in sheep, cattle, hogs and real estate, and is now 
dealing in r^al estate. He was married to Elizabeth Hanscom, of Monroe County. N. 
Y., daughter of Cyrus and Martha (Matthews) Hanscom. December 18, 18()8, in Utica, 
Mich.: their child's name is Kate Emerson, born October 80, 18()5. His ancestors came- 
from England about 100 years ago, and settled at Irish Hill, Me. 

JAMES N EAVELL. P. O. Utica. farmer, on Section 1 7. was born November 20. 
1882. in Shelbv. Macomb County, where Le has resided all his life: is the son of Phi- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY 



lander and Lydia A. (Wells) Ewell. April 1, 1855, he located on the farm where he has 
since resided; he piu'chased 195 acres in LSiiO, and now owns 'iSO acres of choice land in 
an advanced state of improvement, with good buildings. Mr. Ewell was married, April 
15. 1S55, to Elsie A.- Cannon; she was born in Day Township, Saratoga Co.. N. Y. ; her 
father was of Scotch lineage, her mother of Welsh parentage. Mr. and Mrs. Ewell have 
had five childi'en. as follows: Lydia M. , July 27, 1S5(), died October 7, 1N7H; Herbert t'.. 
January "i^i, lS(i"2; Ada M. , Avigust ;^1, lS(i5: George N. , September '.!•), 1,S71; Frankie, 
August 9, 1S76, died December 9, 1S7<). Mr. Ewell is a Democrat in politics, and has 
b^en Road Commissioner three terms. Both himself and wife are members of the Uni- 
versalist Church, of Rochester, Oakland Co., Mich. Mr. Ewell has been and still is an 
active, energetic man, and has l)eeu zealoiasly interested in the prosperity of the schools 
and educational interests of the township. When a boy, seated on a slab for a seat in 
the old log schoolhouse, where he obtained his early education, he hoped aud believed he 
should live to see a good school in a comfortable building. When the money was raised 
to build the present schoolhouse, pai'ties to take the contract were wanting, and Mr. 
Ewoll, in company with Mr. Wells, assumed the charge, and the result is one of the 
hnest and most substantial l>rick schoolhouses in the county. 

JESSE GILLETT, P. O. Washington, fruit farmer on Section 5, Shelby, was born 
December 10, 181(1, in Cairo, Greene Co., N. Y, ; is the son of Benjamin and Asenath 
(Grimes) Gillett; his father was of French descent, born June 27, 1755, and died Septem- 
ber 28, 18H8; his mother was of Engli.sh extraction, born October 22, 1789, and died No- 
vember H, 18t)4. Mr. Gilleit came to this county June 1, 18H/5, and purchased 120 acres 
of wild land — eighty on Section 21 and forty on Section 14; he afterward sold this and 
purchased the farm where he now lives, in July, 1S55. February 4, 18H8, he was mar- 
ried to Anna Mook, of Ohio; she died November 12, 1857; they had live childi-en — Maria, 
born March 5, 1839; Asenath K., December 2, 1844; Euella, March 10, 1850; Anna F., 
September 10, 1855; Benjamin, February 21, 1847, died August 80, 1.S50. Mr. Gillett 
was married, a second time, January 81, 1859, to Mrs. Elizabeth (Johnson) Hawley, born 
April 2(), 18;!4, in Wheatland, Monroe Co., N. Y. ; her parents were natives of New En- 
gland; they have two childi-en — Jesse, born July 1(), lS(i5, and Nellie M., October 80, 18()7. 
Mrs. Gillett' 8 first husband, Edgar J. Hawley, was born September 5, 1S2(), and died 
December •), 185(5; they were married, February 2(), 1851, and became the parents of 
three children, born as follows: Lucy A., March 11, 1858; Olive E., Sejjtember 12. 1854; 
Ellen J., December 8, 185(). Mr. Gillett is a Republican in politics and liberal in his 
religious views. 

ORRIN GOFF, aged seventy years, was born in Monroe County, N, Y., May 10, 
1812: his parents, Roswell and Fanny Goflf. were natives of Connecticut, Mr. Goflf re- 
moved from Monroe County to Orleans County, N. Y., at the age of thirteen years; he re- 
sided there until 188(), then removed with his parents to Utica, Mich.; he was educated in 
the public schools of Monroe and Orleans Counties, N. Y. He was married, in November, 
1887, to Sarah Eddy, aged twenty years, of Orleans County. N. Y.. daughter of Osmer and 
Hannah Eddy. Mr. Goff settled in November, 1887, at his present residence on Section 
10. Shelby, where he has lived since that time; has had two children, one son, born 
December 80, 1840, and one daughter, born December 9, 184<); the daiighter died March 
17, 18()1, at the age of foui-teen years and three months; her name was Amelia J. Gofi'; 
the son is now living on the old homestead; is Supervisor of the township and a very es- 
timable member of the County Board. Mr. Gofi", Sr., is a plownnaher by trade, which bus- 
iness he pm'sued until about 18()2, since which time he has been farming. When he 
located in Shelby, the nearest house was one mile distant; the surrounding country was 
a wilderness; game was plenty and wolves were everywhere; the nearest store or mill was 




^^/f5 



J-o-^^^^rz^^^..^-*^^- 



^t 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



five and a half miles distant, and the whole neighborhood seemed as primitive as did this 
continent to its first Genoese discoverers. 

ALEXANDER GRANT, son of James and Cynthia (Larnardi Grant, was born at 
Y]isilanti, Mich., March 24, 1838; in 184U. he removed with his parents to Livonia, N. Y., 
where he received a common-school education; in 1855. he returned to Michigan, working 
in a store and teaching school at Birmingham, removing to Utica in 1858, where he has 
since resided. He maiTied Miss -Jidia P. Deshon, daughter of Albert and Julia Deshon, 
of Utica. natives of Moravia, N. Y., November 5, 1S()1 ; has two chikh-en. a son and a daugh- 
ter — James Alber. born November 22. 1802. and Mary E., July (>. 18li5. Mr. Grant's 
father was a native of East Bloomfield. N, Y, and his mother of Sin-ingfield, Mass.; his 
grandfather. Thomas Grant, emigrated from the North of L-eland at the close of the last 
centm-y. Mr. Grant held the office of Postmaster at Utica ft-om April. 187H, until 1881, 
being the longest time that any person held that position, at which time he resigned to 
accept the nomination to the Legislature, to which body he was elected November 2, 1881, 
by a majority of fifty-sis. being the first Republican ever elected in the district; has held 
the office of Justice of the Peace for eight years; has been a Trustee for the village of 
Utica for three years, is a member of the School Board and of the Macomb County Repub- 
lican Committee; he cast his fii'st vote for Aljraham Lincoln, and has since been unswerv- 
ing in his fealty to the Republican party and its principles; is a member of the Commit- 
tee of Municipal Corporati(3us. on Engrossment and Enrollment, of the special Committee 
on Appointment of the present Legislature. Mr. Grant enlisted in the Second Michigan 
Cavalry, Augirst, 18()1, and was elected Second Lieutenant, Company H. in which capacity 
he sei-ved until April, 1862, at which time he resigned; had two brothers, Weitman L. 
and Thomas L. ( deceased). W. L. was present at the captiu'e of Jeff Davis. 

WILLIAM GRIFFITH, P. O. Disco, son of Daniel Griffith, was born inOutario, 
C. W.. October lt>, 1815; his father. Daniel, was born in New York State, IdJO, and 
moved to Canada abon.t 181(t. not as a loyalist, as the British impressed him into service, 
and he desei-ted, seeking a home in his native State; in 1840. he left New York for Mich- 
igan, where his son William had been located since 188(); his mother was Lois, daughter 
of George McNiel, of Johnstown. Canada, where she was married to Daniel Griffith. 
William Griffith attended the common schools of Florida Township. Montgomery County, 
N. Y., until 1835, when he moved with his father to Ontario County, N. Y. The year 
following, he traveled west to Pontiac, and purchased forty acres in Orion Township, Sec- 
tion 31, Oakland County; he located four farms in Oakland, built four houses, planted 
four orchards and lived there for twenty-two years. In 185'.), he settled a part of the Van 
Dorn farm, moving to his present land, on Section 12, in LSCiO. He was married to Rachel 
C. Bardwell, of Ontario County. N. Y., in 1835; this lady died in Oakland County in 
1853; in 1854, he man-ied Hannah B. Dewer, of Rose Township, Oakland County. He 
was married to Jane Kiles, of Macomb Towushi]). in 18ti(>; this lady died in November, 
1878, and on July 5, 187U, he married Maria Sloat. of Pontiac. Mrs. Bardwell Griffith was 
the mother of six children, and Mrs. Kiles Griffith of three children, all living. Mr. G. 
is a member of Shelby Methodist Protestant Chm-ch. and is politically independent. 
His childi-en are Adelia. now residing at Greenville; Lucius, at Fairplain; Elizabeth 
resides at Greenville, Montcalm County; G. W. Griffith resides in Shelby; Philip is an 
extensive farmer on Section 14. of Shelby; James, a farmer at Greenville, Montcalm 
County, and Henry. Irving and Elmer, all residing in Shelby. George W. Griffith en- 
listed as recniit in the Twenty-second Michigan Infantry; Lucius enlisted in Twenty- 
second Michigan Infantry, and was mustered in with the command in 18()1, serving until 
the regiment was disbanded. 
4.5 



— frr*' 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



HOEL WOSTER HAINES (deceased), son of Uriah and Amy (Perkins) Haines, 
born March 11. 1831, in the town of Hnnter, Greene Co.. N. Y. ; removed, in the 
spring of 183(), to the town of Bruce, Macomb Co., Mich., with his parents, where he lived 
until March, 180."), when he removed to the town of Shelby, whore he lived until his 
death, May 18,1877: was educated in the common schools and at the academy in Romeo, 
Macomb County; married to Ancis Decker, daughter 6f Oliver and Mary Cheever Decker, 
June 17), 18()1; her parents were natives of Wheatland. Moni-oe Co., N. Y. ; Mr. H. taught 
school, when a young man, diiring the winter time, and worked on a farm during the sum- 
mer, until the year 18()<), after which time he pursued the occupation of farmer until his 
death; his ancestors came from Holland about the middle of the last centiuy and settled 
in Greene Couoty. N. Y. Mr. H. left a family of six children, whose names and birth are 
as follows: Mary Estella, born April 11, 18<):2; Laura Adelaide, November 2U, 1863: 
Edward Beecher, October 22, 18()r); Amy Elizabeth, November 18, 18()7; Willie Mahon, 
July 22, 1870, died November 17, 187(1: Hoel AVoster, March 4, 1872; Benjamin Chee- 
ver, January t), 187-"). 

JONATHAN W. HARRIS, Disco, Section 11, township of Shelby, was born Decem- 
ber 7. 1820, in Covington, Genesee Co., N. Y.; is the son of Jacob and Elizabeth Ozial 
Harris: his father was born April 10, 17U1, in New Paltz, Ulster Co., N. Y., and died 
.June 13, 18<)4; his mother was born January 1, 17U2, in Monroe County, Penn., and died 
November 27, 1872. They came to this State from Genesee County, N. Y., via Detroit, 
arriving at that village on the steamer Henry Clay, May 14, 1830; they put up at a 
private house owned by a Frenchman, where Mr. H. left his family and went after help 
to move them and his goods to a temporary abode near the 240 acres of wilderness on 
Section 3"), Washington Township, which he had located and purchased of the Govern- 
ment the year before, his <leed bearing the signature of Andi'ew .Jackson. He obtained 
the services of Wilkes L. Stuart and two other men, each with his jiony team, and returned 
to Detroit, when they started on their journey, going by way of Rochester and arriving 
in Washington after two days of tiresome travel. Their log cabin was soon built; here 
they labored, bearing patiently all the trials of pioneer life until the dense forest was 
transformed into fruitful fields, until scarcely anything was left of the heavy timber 
where the echo of the woodman's ax resounded upon so many frosty mornings of winter, 
so many sultry days of summer: in due time they built a commodious dwelling near the 
site of the old log cabin. One incident of pioneer life is worthy of mentiou. In the year 
1831, Mr. H.. in company with Braiuard Rowley and Bm'chard Troop, made a trip to De- 
troit with ox-teams for i\o\\r and salt; the time occu])ied was one week; the price paid for 
flour $!•) per barrel in gold. Here they died. siuTounded by a family of foiu' sons and 
four daughters — Jonathan W.. Milton, Darius, Cyrus, Cynthia, Rose A., Sarah A. and 
Amanda. Jacob Harris was one of the eleven children, one of the seven sons of Hemy 
and Polly Harris. Hemy H. was born in 17()1, in New Paltz, Ulster Co., N. Y. ; he en- 
tered the American Ai-my at the age of fom-teen, and served in Washington's division until 
the close of the Revolution. Soon after the close of the wiU', for his faithful services, he 
received a grant of 800 acres of land in Eastern New York. Joseph Harris, one of Hemy 
Harris' seven brothers, moved West and settled at Pittsburgh, Penn., when that town was 
but a military station. Henry H.'s father was born in White Plains, Westchester Co., N. 
Y. ; his grandfather came from England and settled on Manhattan Island when it was in 
the possession of the Dutch; here he purchased ninety acres of land, where Broadway is 
now: this he leased for village lots and moved to White Plains; this tract recently came 
into the possession of those descendants of the paternal ancestors, who still reside at 
White Plains. Perhaps no family has been more numerous, hardy or persevering, always 
aiding the move "Westward." Jonathan W. Harris pm-chased 10(1 acres where he now 



'i'' « -^ 



■rr-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



resides in 1847: he married Priscilla M. Crrover, December 31, 18r)0; she was born May 
2(1, 1830, in Naples. Livingston Co.. N. Y. ; thev have had ten chikb-en, born as follows: 
Adelbert O.. April 10, 1852: Amanda I., May 3. 1854; Arthur D., May 10, 1857; Alice 
E., November 1). 1858; Agnes L., September 30, 18fi0, died January 23, 18()1; AnnellaB., 
March 23. 1862: Antoinette E., March 25, 18()4; Andrus E., December 21t. 1865; Addi- 
son A., September 0, 18<')8. Amanda I. was married, December 31, 187(), to Austin 
Rowley; they have one child— Cena M.. born December 25, 1880. Mi-s. H. died March 
30, 1873. one week after the death of an infant child. She was a kind and indulgent 
mother, ever laboring for the happiness of her husliand and children, even under the 
keenest ti-ials. To know her was but to love her, and the mention of her name ought ever 
to jH-ove to her ehikii-en a safeguard fi-om all evil, a beacon to success, waking as it does, 
only thoughts of the deepest parental affection and the pm-est precepts of a mother's heart. 
Mr. H. is a Republican in jwlitics: he is of English and German descent. 

J. L. HETZLER, P. O. Utica. son of Fi-ederick (t. and Julia Ann Hetzler (Benedict), 
born in Dundas Village. AVentworth Co., Canada, November U, ]837: removed from Can- 
ada with his parents in the winter of 1838, to the State of New York, near Batavia; re- 
mained there until the fall of 1845, at which time he removed with his father and step- 
mother to the town of Erin, Macomb County, Mich. : has lived in Macomb County until the 
present time; was educated at the common schools of Macomb County; has pursued the 
occupation of a painter, farmer, brick-maker and canvasser, and is at present a painter 
in the village of Utica; his ancestors came from Hamlnu'g, Germany, about the middle of 
the last centm-y. Mr. H. assisted in laying out the first Ten-itorial road that was sur- 
veyed out from St. Cloud to Boyes Deson. Minn. ; enlisted in Company I, Sixteenth In- 
fantry Michigan Volunteers, on March 22, 18(i2, and served until July 1, 1862, at which 
time he was discharged on account of disability from injm-ies received while building a 
ponton bridge near Yorktowu, Va. ; was in the battle and siege of Yorktown. He married 
Artimesia Cline. daughter of John and Mai-garet (Wilkens) Cline, December 30, 1863: 
they have had fom- children— Etta Bell, born Mai-ch 22, 18(58; Maiy Margaret, October 
22, 1871, died January 2, 1882; Bertha Ii-ene, January 6, 1876, died Januaiy 3, 1882; 
Charles Lindsley, August 20, 1878, died January 31, 1882. 

LYMAN THOMPSON JENNEY (deceased) was born Jidy 27, 1798, at Leicester, 
Addison Co., Vt.; son of Ebenezer and Chloe (Parker) Jenney, natives of New Bedford, 
Mass. : his ancestors emigrated from England at an early day and settled at or neai- New 
Bedford: he was educated in the common schools of Vermont until he acquired sufficient 
education to teach school, by studying at nights and at leism-e hovu's, he qualified himself 
for teaching, working on a farm in summer time and teaching in winter until about the 
year 1823, when he entered the "University Building,'' Burlington, Vt. , where he re- 
mained until August 10. 1S25, at which time he graduated, receiving his diploma as M. 
D.; he then removed to Detroit, Mich., where he remained for a short time; then removed 
to Washington, Macomb County, where he commenced practicing medicine in the spring 
of 1826, being the first regular "physician who settled in Macomb County; he continued to 
practice until November, 1830, when he removed to Utica, where he continued to practice 
until February, 1843, when he removed on to a farm, one mile north of Utica, where he 
resided, practicing medicine occasionally, until August 23, 185U. at which time he died 
suddenly of heart disease, at the age of sixty-one years. He mairied Elvia A. Wyckoff, 
daughter of Edward and Martha A. (Parks) Wyckoff. residents of Washington, Mich.. De- 
cember 30. 1826; his widow is now living in Utica. aged seventy-two years; their children 
are Martha A., born November 3. 1828,. died February 13. 1873; Charles L.. bom 
September 14, 1830, now residing in Midland City, Mich.; Rollin A, February 12, 1839, 
resides in Detroit. Mich. ; Helen E., April 7, 1841, resides at Utica, Mich. ; Emma A. , Jrme 



l^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



1, 1846, died May 28, 1881; Edward B., May 27, 1S4U, married to Lucy Pierson, Juue 12, 
1872, residence Goodrich. Genesee Co., Mich; Martha A., nian'ied John W. Ewiug, 
March, 184i), who died in June, 185:5; man-ied to Sihis S. Abernethy. September 10, 1857; 
Charles L., married Miss Chira A. "Williams (Crampton), March, 1868; Rollin Jeuney 
married, July 20, 1880, to Mary N. Ryerson; Emma A., married, April 14, 1879, to John 
Wesley Parmeter; L. T. Jenuey served as surgeon in what was known as the " Toledo 
war,"' in the year 183.""(; held the office of Justice of the Peace for a number of years; he 
was also one of the original organizers and incorporators of the Utica Lyceum, which was 
the first lyceum organized in the county (organized November 21, 1831) ); was elected Pi-esi- 
dent of the organization November 4. 1843; took an active part in jwlitical matters as a 
Democrat, and supported Gen. Cass, until the publication of his celebrated Nicholson 
letter, when he withdrew from the Democratic party and identified himself with the Free- 
Soil branch of the Whig party, to which he was attached until the organization of the 
Republican party, when he became a strong supporter of that party. 

MARTIN C. KEELER, P. O. Disco, bom in Washington Township November V-K 
1848, son of John and Mary Keeler; removed with his parents to Disco in 1850, which 
village he has since made his home; he married Miss Flora Preston, daughter of "\\'ash- 
ington and Sarah Preston, May 2, 1871; they are the parents of one son — Louis W. 
Keeler, born August 18, 1877; a reference to the organic history of .the townshij) shows 
that Mr K. holds the office of Town Treasiu'er; unlike his brother, of Armada, he bestows 
much of his attention on agriculture and has made farming a success. John and Mary 
Keeler, parents of Martin C. and Alonzo M. Keeler, were among the pioneers of Shelby. 
Reference is made to the members of this family in the general history; but, to complete 
the family history and at the same time notice the origin of Disco Village and academy, 
the following facts are given: In July, 1S4U, Alonzo Keeler was teaching school in Wash- 
ington when a proposition was made to him by three farmers then owning the land on 
which Disco now stands, whose names were Isaac Monfore, John Noyes and Chauncey 
Chm'ch. The proposition was for A. M. Keeler to go to Shelby and help to start a school 
which was designated as the Disco Academy; he went and suijerintemied the building of 
the house now used for the district school. The building was commenced January 1, 
18.50, and the following June was so far completed that A. M. Keeler began to teach the 
school therein upon a five years' contract, the conditions of which were that he was to 
teach the district schools in connection with the academy, for which he was to receive the 
common district wages for schools of same size; he was to have the tuition of all foreign 
scholars, and, if h(> fulfilled his part of the five year.s' contract, was to have a deed of ten 
acres of land from the above-named farmers, located on the four corners of Sections V(, 10, 
15 and 16, where Disco now is, excepting one acre for sohoolhouse site reserved on the 
corner of Section If). The contract was fulfilled by all parties. The first term of school 
was attended by eighteen scholars and one to the academy; but the school increased so 
rapidly that in 1852 it required two assistant teachers — Dr. J. M. Chapman and Maria 
Febris assisted Mr. Keeler that year. Some time previous to this, John Keeler came into 
possession of a fortune, which was left him by a rich uncle who lived and died on one of 
the islands of Lake C'hamplain, he. John Keeler, was also ]iersuaded to go to help form 
the school; he left his farm in Washington in the fall of 1850, and built a dwelling-house 
for A, M. Keeler and a boarding-house for the accommodation of students of the academy; 
the latter is what is now used for the hotel; he also bought the faiTa owned by the above- 
named J. Noyes, upon which he still lives. From time to time, his means have been used 
to erect buildings in the jilace, five dwellings of which are now standing; also one store 
and the main part of the hotel named, besides an interest in the academy building. This 
fortune he freely used to benefit those about him", both in advancing the educational p)rivi- 



Afc 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



leges aud in striving to build u]i the little village that now is. They reared a family of 
five boys and two girls to manhood and womanhood; four sons aud oue daughter are 
still living. A. M. Keeler, the oldest, has spent a life in the school-room, as he is now 
over fifty years old and still follows teaching, being at present Principal of the Ai-mada 
Union School ; two sons, younger, are practicing law in the State of Iowa, and the young- 
est is on the old homestead at Disco, where the remaining daughter also resides. 

DANIEL P. KETCHAM, P. O. Rochester, was born in Brownsville, Jefferson Co., 
X. Y.. Mai-ch 30, 1811: came to Michigan and settled in Macomb County November "25, 
isrc^,: removed to Oakland County in ISdfi, where he still resides, ilr. K. enlisted in the 
Eighth Michigan Cavalry, November 24. lSf)2: served almost two years, when he was dis- 
chai-ged on account of disability, April 23, 1S()4; be was married to Catharine Woolson. 
born August lU. 1815, at Poughkeepsie. N. Y., Februaiy Ifi. 1830: they are the parents of 
nine children, thi-ee sons and six daughters. John Q. and Helen E. Ketcham are num- 
bered among the dead. Regai'diug the settlers, it must be said tl^at in 18()(), Oakland 
gained a good citizen while Macomb lost one. 

PAYNE K. LEECH, farmer. Section 31. P. O. Utica, was born January3i; 1809. in 
Bloomtield. Ontario Co.. N. Y. : is the son of Payne K. and Joanna (Clark) Leech; he 
came to this county in Octolier. 1839, and. with his brother, pm-chased a gi-ist and saw- 
mill, both in a somewhat dilapidated condition: they proceeded to repair and put them in 
good running order, and. in the spring of 1832, IMJf. L. purchased his brother's interest 
and continued in the business until September. 1836, when he purchased KU) acres of 
partially improved land, where he resides. He now owns 24(1 acres on Sections 30, 31 and 
32, all under good cultivation and with fine buildings; he was married to Melinda Fuller, 
April 25, 1833; she was born April 30, 1811, in the State of New York; they had ten 
children, fom- of whom are living, as follows: Gordon C, born February 9, 1845; Francis 
J., December 4. 1847; Albert F., September 19, 1851: Martha T., November 3. 1853. 
Mrs. Leech died May 10, ]S(>0, and Mr. Leech was man-ied, December 2".l, ISfUl, to Sarah 
Gillette; she was born December U, 1.S29, in Lyme. New London Co.. Conn., and was a 
teacher in her native State and in Michigan some years. IVIr. Leech laid the first track on 
the Detroit & Utica Railroad, at Utica. about the year 1835; he was formerly a Whig in 
politics, but. on the organization of the Republican party, allied himself to it; has held 
the office of Supervisor four terms and was in the Legislature in the winter of 1845-4(i. 
Mrs. L. belongs to the Congregational Church of Utica. Mr. L. is engaged in the rearing 
of Devonshire cattle, iu addition to his agrieultiu-al interest. 

PETER D. LERICH. farmer. Section 29, P. O. Utica, was born in Warren County. 
N. J.. May 20, 1810; is the son of Isaac aud Elizabeth Daniels Lerich; the former was 
born in Bucks County, Peuu., of English lineage: the latter was of English and German 
descent, born in 1785, in Northampton County, Penn. Mr. L. came to this county May 
19, 1835, and purchased 220 acres of partially improved land on the northeast quarter of 
Section 29, and afterward bought ll)0 acres on the northwest quarter of the same section: 
the aggregate constitutes his homestead; he owns also 130 acres on Sections 4 and 5, in 
Sterling; sixty-nine acres in Avon, Oakland County; twenty acres on Section Ifi, Shelby, 
and eighty acres in Reed Township, Will Coimty. 111., making iu all (u9 acres; his home- 
stead property is first-class land, under advanced improvements, with commodious aud 
substantial buildings. He was married, April 18, 1835, to Sarah F., daughter of Jo.seph 
Fishbaughand Margaret Oglethorpe Fishbaugh; her father was of Gennan parentage, her 
mother of English and Scotch descent; her gi-eat-grandf ather was Gen. James Oglethorpe, 
founder of Georgia: her grandparents v^ere among the first white settlers of Pennsylvania. 
where her great-grandmother was killed by the Indians, and her son, Mrs. Lerich's great- 
imcle, ^as captmred and kept by them thirteen years; the maternal grandfather of Mr. 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Lerich Daniels, was a soldier in tlie war of the Revolution; at its close, he had a con- 
siderable sum of Continental money, and went to New Jersey, where he purchased a large 
tract of laud and secured to himself and posterity a handsome property. Mr. and Mrs. L 
had ten children, six "of whom are living, boru as follows: Cleantha A., born Mav 1"), 
1838; William F., March lo, 1840; Isaac N.. August 10, 1S42; Liberetta E., January 20, 
184,"); Sarah J., July 27 1848; Lilian A., July H, 1854. Mr. L.'s father died in Septem- 
ber, 181fi, his mother September 4, 1835; the father of Mrs. L. died in September, 1817, 
her mother in the fall of 1845. The two surviving sons served with distinction in the 
war of the rebellion, Isaac rising by his own merits alone from the rank of private to that 
of Major, and. at the close of the war, was in command of his regiment: he married an 
excellent lady of San Antonio, Texas, where he still resides. Both of these soldiers were 
wounded and both confined for months in Libbj' Prison. Mr. L. is widely known as a 
man of sterling merit and enterprise; he is of unimpeachable integi'ity, never belonged to 
a secret society and never owned a gun or dog; he belonged to the old anti-slavery element, 
and was one of foiu* who first represented that issue in the towaship; the others were N. 
C Narambre-. Albert Fuller and Benjamin Lee; all are dead except Mr. L. ; he is a Re- 
liublican and lias been Road Commisr>ionei'. Mr. and Mrs. L. formerly belonged to the 
Methodist Ejuscojial Church, of Utica; the latter has been W. C. Templar for several 
terms and is still a strong advocate for the cause. 

HIRAM L. LINTZ, farmer, Section 8, P. O. Rochester, was born April 1). 1847, 
in Washington, Defiance Co., Ohio; he is the son of Benjamin and Rebecca (Dull) Lintz. 
both of German extraction. Mr. L. came to this township March 14, 18(58, and, in 1875, 
purchased sixty-six and two-thirds acres of land, subsequently increasing his lauded iirop- 
erty to 133 acres: he was man'ied, February 22, 1874. to Leora V.., daughter of Smith and 
Polina K'urtis) Davis; she was born February 24, 1850. in Brighton, Winnebago Co., 
Wis.; her father was born December 10, 1820, in the State of New York; he lived in this 
county about thirty years and died September 4, 1851); her mother, daughter of Jeremiah 
Curtis, was born Se|)tember 22, 1825; was married, February 22. 1848, and died October 
15. 1880. Mr. and Mrs. Lintz have two children — Jessie, born September 12, 187(\ and 
Tressie, November 2, 1881. Mr. L is a Rejmblican in jiolitics. Mr. L. and wife are 
l>a]itists. 

JOEL W. MANLEY, P. O. Washington, was born February li), 1810, in Chittenden, 
Rutland Co., Vt. ; he is the son of Thomas and Mary B. (Jackson) Mauley: his parents 
were born in Massachusetts and came to Vermont in 1800, wliere they were married in 
1802: his mother was a successful teacher; his father became Captain of the militia in 
1812; was afterward a Magistrate and a member of the Assembly. Mr. M. of this sketch 
came to Michigan in 1834, took up Government land on Section 8, of Macomb Township, 
and at once entered upon the work of improving it for a home; he was married, November 
2*), 1835, to Olive E. Martin, of Underhill, Chittenden Co., Vt., who died December 4, 
183(). At the fall elections of 183(), Mr. M. was chosen County Sm-veyor and held the po- 
sition eight succe.ssive years; has also held the offices of School Inspector and Sujiervisor. 
Road Commissioner and Assessor until the office was abolished; was also a grand juror 
many terms of the Circuit Court. He was a second time married, to Julia Wilcox, of 
Shelby, April 13, 1840; she was born in Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y. , October 13, 1822; her 
j)arents, Elias and Nancy Wilcox, came to Michigan in 1825, and took up land on Section 
3. of Shelby. Mr. Manley had five children — Olive Eliza wan born December 3. 1841, be- 
came a school-teacher and musical instructor, and was married, November 23, 18(')4, to 
Isaac N. Brabb, of Washington Township; Almon D., born August 4, 1844, became a 
skilled mechanic and inventor, and died September 10, 1878; M. Lucelia, born June 28. 
184(), was married, December 16, 1868, to Levi Cannon, of Shelby; she has been a sue- 



#* 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



c.essful teacher aud an interesting and acceptable contributor to the local press; N. Ade- 
laide was born June 1'.), 1849, and died January 31, 1854; Florence A., Mrs. Leman H. 
Chapman, of Cannonsbiu'g, Kent County, married September 'I'Z, 1874, was born Decem- 
ber 3, 18r)4, and became a fine scholar and good musician. ]VIrs. M. was. in addition to 
her household responsibilities, an apiarist of some note for about thirty years, having at 
one time had the charge and managemeut of eighty-live colonies of bees. Mr. and Mrs. 
M. moved to the northeast quarter of Section 3. in the township of Shelby, in the spring 
of 184-"), where they now reside. Mr. M. is at this writing in his seventy-second year; he 
has been all his life a student of the Bible and actively interested in Sunday school and 
Bible instruction. 

ORESTES MILLERD. P. O. Rochester, born January U, ]8(t8. in Cayuga County, 
N. Y. ; settled in Michigan in May, l<S"i3, and located in Shelby Township in October, 
1827; he married Miss Webster the previoiis month; they were the parents of four chil- 
di'en, each of whom must be considered a pioneer of Shelby. At the period of Mr. M. 's 
coming to this State, he says that there was not a foot of sidewalk in Detroit, nor a vil- 
lage in the northern portion of the county, save that known as Indian Village; he got the 
first tickets printed in the Territory for election purposes. Mr. M. is now in his seventy- 
fifth year; from 1827 to the present time, he has taken an important place in the economy 
of the county; he cleared 3(50 cares of laud in Shelby, has aUvays been identified with 
the Democratic party aud religiouslv is a Baptist. 

ISAAC MONFORE (deceased), was born September 14. 1803. in Delaware 
County, N. Y. ; was the son of Peter and Olive (Conerkoven) i\Ionfore, natives of New 
Jersey; his father was born September U. 17r)7, of English and French parentage, and 
was a soldier of the Revjlutiou: his mother was born January 27, 1758, of Holland ex- 
traction; they were married October 27, 1779. Mr. M. came to this county in the fall of 
1828, and purchased KiO acres of wild land in Ray Township, and returned to RiLsh, Mon- 
roe Co., N. Y.; came back to Michigan in 1831, and purchased IfiO acres on Sections 15 
and 10, in Shelby: he increased his estate to 500 acres; his widow resides on the home- 
stead of 227 acres. He was married, July 15, 1836, to Mary D. Curtis, of Shelby, l)orn 
May 30, 1818, in Middlebury, Wyoming Co.. N, Y. ; they had five children, whose record 
is as follows: Milton J., born July H, 1837. married Maria A. Black, of Detroit, Mich, De- 
cember 2y, 1875; Franklin P., June (>, 184tt, man-ied Sarah E. Bowers, May 13, 18r)4; 
Mary A., November 14. 1844: Isaac N., July 10, 1848, married Effie E. Brooks, July 4, 
1871: Ann J., born February Vt, 1858, married Isaac Newton Gillespie, of Pavilion, N. Y., 
May 17, 1882. Mr. M. studied for the profession of law and practiced for a short time; 
he was a Democrat in early life, but became a Republican after the admission of Michigan 
as a State; he was Rei)resentative in the Legislatm-e in 1835-3<) aud 1837; he held the 
township offices of Supervisor, Justice of the Peace, Town and County Clerk, etc, ; lir^th 
himself and wife belong to the Baptist Church of Mt. Yernon. 

MILTON J. MONFORE, sou of Isaac and Mary D. (Curtis) Moufore, born in Shelby, 
Macomb County, Mich.. July ti. 1837. where he lived until the pi-eseut time; was educated 
at the common schools; has followed the occupation of farmer, and, during the last eight- 
een years, has dealt in agi'icultm'al implements; married, to Maria Black, of Detroit, De- 
cemljer 25, 1874. 

ALLEN S. PEARSALL. farmer, P. O. Disco, residing in the township of Shelby, was 
born Januai-y 10, 1818, in Sempronius, Cayuga Co.. N. Y. : he is the son of Henry and Phebe 
Summertou Pearsall: the formf-r died November 15, 1850, the latter May 13, 1837; both 
wei-e of English descent. Mr. P."s father located in Troy, Oakland Co., Mich., and piu-- 
chased 1<)0 acres of partly improved land, where he settled in 1832. Allen S. Pearsall 
was married, January 31. 1844, to Miss Lydia Ann Andi-ews, daughter of Hiram and Anna 

'"7l<» r~ "■* B > 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Andi-ews. a native of Hamilton. Madison Co.. N. Y.. bora December 25, 1824: they have 
one child — Helen M.. born September 2, 184"), and married Llewellyn Chapel, who was 
born August 13, 1840; they have one child — Carrie M.. born September 12, 1871. Mr. 
P. purchased his farm in Shelby in 1847. where he has since resided. Mrs. P. is a lady 
of favoraljle repute as a lecturer on temperance, woman's rights and Spiritualism; she and 
her husband are members of the Grange. 

DWIGHT E. PEARSALL, P. O. Disco, son of Ii-a S. Pearsalh native of Genesee 
County, N. Y., was born in Washington Townshij), January 15, 183 <; the parents were 
Ira S. Pearsall. born August 1. 1810, son of Henry Pearsall, and Celia (White) Pearsall. 
daughter of Mr. White, of Ohio, born September 1, 1817. Mi-. Pearsall. Sr., came to 
Washington at an early date, with his father's family, and here m?.rried Miss Wiite. Oc- 
tober lU, 1831): they were the parents of thi-ee childrea. viz., D. E. Pearsall. referred to 
above, residing on the homestead farm; Adelia W.. born April 10. 1831). married Morris 
Snook May U. 185U. now living at Jackson. Mich. : and Celia. born December 30. 1847, de- 
ceased. Dwighc E. Pearsall was raised and educated in Shelby: attended the Disco 
Academy until 1854, when he directed attention toward farming. In 1857. he entered on 
a Western journey and traveled through it for tliree years. He was married, in McDonald 
County, Mo.. May <>. 18(10. to Miss Mary S. Smith, daughter of John Smith, of Vermont, 
then a citizen of McDonald County: this lady died at the age of thirty-nine years. Novem- 
ber 22, 1879; to this marriage, three children were born — Ira S.. born May 22, 18(')1 ; 
Fannie E.. January 25. bS('i3. and Allen D.. March 3. 1872, the latter living at Jackson, 
Mich. The faiiu now owned by Mr. Pearsall. on Section 3. Shelby, contains 320 acres, 
250 acres of which are cultivated, with good improvements. The water-course comprises 
two living streams. Together with the agricultural interest, Mr. Pearsall has devoted 
much attention to horses, cattle and sheep. He was engaged in mercantile business for 
several years, at Disco, the interest in which he sold to John Sweetzer, in 188(1. and re- 
turned to his farm. Politically, Mr. Pearsall is a Democrat. 

IRA PRESTON (deceased) was born March U. 17S5, in Wallingford. Conn. : was the 
son of Samuel Preston; he moved to Rush. Monroe Co., N. Y.. when a young man. He 
was married to Deborah Gofl", and lived there about fourteen years : she was born February 
11, 17U3: in 182fi, he came to Michigan and jsurchased 320 acres of land, on Sections 1, 
2 and 13, when he returned to New York; in 1827. he came back to the wilderness of 
Michigan, with his family, reaching Detroit the last of May: he brought with him his 
household furniture and a supjily of provisions and a cart; he jiurchased a yoke of oxen, 
made a rack for the cart, which he freighted with his possessions, and with his childi'en 
and a party of twenty friends and relatives set oiit for his anticipated home; at thfe end 
of two days, he arrived at the place of Elias Wilcox, on the north line of the township 
of Shelby, where his party spent the night and the following day underbrushed a road 
two miles through the woods to the location of Mr. Preston; they set about building a log 
house, and. in al^out a week, were settled in 2^ioneer life. The ring of the ax made their 
music by day and the howl of the wolves by night: their table was bountifully supplied 
with venison, and the neighboring Indians kept them from loneliness and monotony; in 1828, 
Mr. P. built a saw-mill, the irons for which he brought with him from New York, on 
what is called the Middle Branch, the only one for miles, and operated by himself and 
sons for forty-four years; in the course of fifteen years. Mr. P.'s farm was well improved, 
and he had completed all the buikling re<|uired, including two frame houses. The pio- 
neer's privation and endurance were ended, and the outlook of his remaining years was one 
of ease and comfort; in 1856, he distributed his real estate among his children, giving the 
homestead to his daughter. Mrs. Carlton, with whom he and his wife remained during the 
rest of their lives; he died August 20, 1872, aged eighty-seven years. Mrs. P. died January 



^ 



H, LS*).'), aged seventy-two years; she was helpless twelve years, with palsy. Mr. P. could 
never be induced to ride on a railroad: he fii-st saw the ears and a locomotive at Mt. Clem- 
ens in 1S()8: his gratified surprise at the sight of them is most pleasantly remembered by bis 
children; it was indeed an event to a man who. for many years, had never been but a few 
miles fi-om home. While the Bay City road was being built, he was jsersuaded by his 
son. E. S. Preston, to go to a railroad picnic, near ITtjca. on the completion of the road to 
that place, and he rejoiced heartily in its construction through the town in which he had 
lived tifty-tive years. He died a few months after, leaving his seven children to mourn 
their irreparable loss. September 28, 1828, Emily, the eldest daughter, married Daniel 
Kniflin, who began pioneer life with her father; they settled two miles from ]VIi-. Preston 
in the woods. October 8. 1837. George W. Preston was married to Sally Goff, daughter 
of Russell Golf, a neighboring pioneer; he also went into the wilderness to make his life 
struggle. Ajiril 2(1, 1841, Riley S. Preston was married to Eliza Carlton, and occupied one 
of his father's houses several years; his wife died February 28, 1852. Minerva Preston 
was maiTied to John Carlton November 7, 1844, and settled about two miles fi-om home. 
Ira L. Preston was married to Cynthia Allen, October 14. 1847; purchased some land and 
settled about one-fourth of a mile from hjme. Eliza Ann Preston was mari-ied to Alfi-ed 
Carlton, September Ki. 18r)2. and located in Brooklyn, four miles distant. -Judge S. 
Preston, youngest son. was married, November 1, 18.")3, to Caroline A. Bartlett; he was 
born January l(^ 1831, and his wife was born December 7, 1834; they remained three 
years on the homestead in charge of the pioneer father and mother. 

J. LUMAN PRESTON, P. O. Disco, was born February 21. 182r), in Rush. Monroe 
Co., N. Y. : he was two j'eai's old when his parents came to this county, where he has since 
resided; he was in the saw-mill business twenty-one years and is now piu-suing agricult- 
ure: he owns ninety-five acres of land, with fifty-five under cultivation, and the remainder 
is choice timber. He married Cynthia Ann Allen, October 14, 1847; she was born June 
18. 1820. in Ridgeway. Orleans Co.. N. Y. ; she died November la, 1873; they had four 
children, born as follows: Ella V., March 29. 18.")]. died September iS, 18r)4; Eli V., born 
July 21, 18r>r). married May Cooley. October 31.1877; Metta Y., born August ri. 18.")U, 
maiTied E. R. Wilcox, Angust 11, 1878; Jennie A., born January 2(), 18(U. Eli V. has two 
ehikh-en — Clara C, born August 14, 1878, and Zoe M., born Februai-y 15. 1882. Mettle 
V. has one daughter — Gertie M., born July 8. 1881. December 20, 1874. Mi-. Preston 
married Rachel C. Hough, a native of Bristol. Hartford Co., Conn., born June 8. 1840. 
ilr. Preston was married a second time. December 20, 1874, to Rachel E. Hough, of Bris- 
tol. Hartford Co., Conn. 

JUDGE S. PRESTON, P. O. Disco, farmer. Section 1, was born January 16. 1831. 
in Shelby; is the son of Ira L. aad Deborah (Goff) Preston (see sketch of Ira L. Preston), 
Judge S. Preston purchased eighty acres of land in 1854: it was partially improved and 
is now in a state of advanced cultivation, with fine buildings; he was married, November 
1, 1853. to Caroline A. Bartlett, born December 7. 1834. in Gates. Monroe Co., N. Y. ; she 
came to Macomb County in October, 183U; they have five chihh-eu, as follows: Lynd B., 
November 18, 1855; Helen A., January 10, 1862; Charles E., July 16, 186)6; May A., 
May 5, 1871; John M., February 7, 1876. Mr. P. has held the position of Drain Com- 
missioner two years; held the office of Notaiy Public fom- years; has also been School Di 
rector. Moderator and held other township offices; he is a Democrat in politics and be- 
longs to Grange. No. 334, Disco. 

GEORGE SEAMAN, P. O. Disco, farmer. Section 5, was born September 4. 1821; 
in Saratoga County, N. Y.; he is the son of Doty and Lydia (Fish) Seaman; both parents 
were of English descent. Mr. S. came to this county in May, 1835, and purchased eighty 
acres of land in the township of Ray; in 1844. he sold out and went to Oakland Countv; 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



l^ 



fifteen years later, he purchased 240 acres on Section 35, in Ray, and on Section 2, in Ma- 
comb, which he sold, and located on 100 acres on Section 18, in Lenox; he again sold out 
and located 100 acres on Section ">, in Shelby, where he Jiow resides; his farm is under 
cultivation, well stocked and with good buildings. He was married, September ."), 1844, 
to Almira, daughter of Enoch Crawford; they have nine children, born as follows: Mary, 
July 14, 184-"), married Andrew Seeley, March 20, 1871; Robert, born August 2U, 1853; 
Lydia, August 28, 1855, mai-ried George Dunkley March 22, 1878; Phebe, June 14, 1857. 
married Virgil K. Dryer July 2, 1874; Charity A., March 18, 185U; Lovina, April 18, 
1801; Josephine, May 13. 1803; Doty, March 28, 1865; John, October 17, 1807. Mr. S. 
is a Republican in politics. 

HIRAM SQUIER was born July 8, 1800, near Montreal, Canada, son of Nathaniel 
and Jemima (Dilno) Sqnier. the latter born in Vermont, the former in Connecticut, in 
1752; his father came to this county in May, 1817, from Westminster. Canada, and, in 
partnership with John Cook, located 040 acres on Section 28, Shelby, where he resided 
until his death, in Febrnai'y. 1832: his mother died in 1811. Nathaniel Squier served in 
the war of the Revolution. Hiram Squier purchased 120 acres. Section 34, Shelby, in 
1831. where he dwelt until September, 1881. He maiTied Mahala Moe, widow of Fowler, 
who died in February. 1810; he subsequently married Maria Harris, born at Toronto. 
Canada, March 20. 1810. Mr. Squiers attended the first town meeting held in Shelby in 
1827; he attended the first English school in the county in 18 111, which was taught by Asa 
Hadsell; helped to raise the first mill at Stony Creek, and to build the first three homes 
in Shelby. He was a Democrat until 1840, when he accepted the platform of the Aboli- 
tionists. In 1850, he voted for John C. Fremont, and, in 1870. for the Prohibitionist 
candidates. Mr. and Mrs. Squier are members of the Methodist Church. He heard the 
first sermon preached in the township, in 1817, which was against intemperance. To 
this day. this old man is a Prohibitionist. 

DAVID SUMMERS, P. O. Utica. born in Warren County, N. J., in 1824; married 
Caroline Aldrich, October 2, 1850; they are the parents of thirteen children — Mary Alice, 
born in 1851; Ella F., in 1853; Jacob L. in 1855; Whipple G. in 1850; Victoria Jose- 
phine, in 1858; William _R. in 1800; Albert B., in 1802; Livingston L., in 1803; Evelena, 
in 1805; Riverdy, in 180< ; Margaret, in 180t); George F.. in 1873 and Clayton in 1878, all 
of whom are living, with the exception of George F. The head of the Summers family, 
John Summers, came from Germany in 1752, accompanied by his five sons, of whom the 
names Jacob and John are remembered; the former was a Judge of Records in Philadelphia, 
where he settled; the latter settled in Warren County, N. J., where he was Circuit Judge 
for over twenty j'ears. Jacob Summers, father of the subject of this sketch, was the 
youngest son of five born to Judge Jacob Summers and his wife. Mary Hiles; he settled 
in Shelby Township in 1831; was elected Supervisor in 1830; was chosen Representative 
and subsequently, was elected Senator for three terms in succession. Befoi'e the office of 
Associate Judge was abolished, he held the position while Judge Goodwin was Presiding 
Judge of the circuit. The pioneer of Shelby died July 25. 1803; his children are as fol- 
lows: Phebe. who married Samuel Axford, in 1830; Ann married Jacob Price; George 
died in 1877; Barbara died in 1801; Rebecca married Morgan Axford, and. for her sec- 
ond husband. Dr. V/illiam Beach, of Coldwater; David married Caroline Aldrich. October 
3, 1850; the other children were John.. Margaret and William. As old residents of Shel- 
by, the members of this family are held in high esteem. 

GEORGE SWITZER. farmer. Section 20, P. O. Disco, was born August 15. 1811. 
in Bavaria. Germany; he came to America in 1837; the passage was one of long-continued 
storm and peril, lasting seventy-two days; their provisions failed and starvation was close 
upon them; he came from the State of New York, Erie County, to this country; to Ma- 



^«^ « 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



comb County, Mich., in 18r)S, and purchased forty-seven acres on Section 7. which he 
afterward sold and piu'chased lU,") acres of first-class land, where he now resides; his farm 
is nearly all under a good state of cultivation, with tine buildings. He was married, No- 
vember 1, 1842, to Elizabeth Fisher, a native of Bavaria, born May 14, 18'2(); they have 
had twelve children, of whom nine are living ; their record is as follows ; Mary E. , born 
August 1"), 1844, married Charles Andi'ews, November 1, 1866; George, January 8, 1846, 
married Caroline George Januarv 27, 1867: John W., January 7, 1847; Fanny C. , June 
10, 1848, married Perry Everett," October 11, 1868; Charles E., April 2H, 1850, married 
Mary Wal win; Hemy J. , December 2."), 1851, married Myrtie Smith; Abraham F., August 
8, 185:-j; William F.. February 22, 1855, married Delia Dickens; Lucius E., August HO. 
1856, married Matilda Burd; Perry R, , January ll,]S5y, died September 15, 1868; Elmer 
P., March 6, 1861, died November 20, 1861; Lydia Q,, November IH, 1862, died October 
8, 186:1 Mr. S. is a Republican in political views, and has been elected School Assessor 
seven years; he is highly esteemed by his townsmen as an honorable and upright man and 
citizen. 

WILLIARD A. WALES, aged sixty-two years, was born in Covington, Genesee Co. , 
N. Y., December 7, 18111; son of Solomon and Urania Wales, natives of Vermont. AV. A. 
Wales married Amy Ann Chapman, April 10, 184H, daughter of John and Jane Chapman, 
born August 21, 1822, in the township of Livonia, Livingston County, N. Y. The children 
of this marriage were born as follows: William Wert, May 24, 1845; Heni-y Lee, July 18, 
1849; Amos Emmet. June 3, 1852. died August 22, 1868; Earl Wright," December 13. 
1853; Mary, September 1, 1856; Ellie May, November 29, 1864, died January 8, 1880. 
Mr. Wales removed to Shelljy, Macomb County, in May, 1828, with his parents, where he 
has resided since that time; was educated at the common schools and has pursued the oc- 
cupation of a farmer to the present date; has held the office of Supervisor for ten years; 
was elected a member of the Executive Committee of the State Grange for two years; 
wrote and circulated the first call for a Republican convention in the county, in 1854. 
Mr. W. recollects seeing the Chief Wadson when a boj', at which time Romeo was called 
the Indian Village, and bears and wolves were numerous; at that time, his mother spun 
and wove linen and flannel to clothe the family. 

ABEL WARREN, deceased, was born in Hampton, Washington County, State of 
New York, .iugust 8, 1789, where he grew to manhood; enlisted and served in the war of 
1812; held the office of Sergeant; was seriously wounded and taken prisoner at the battle 
of Queenstown Heights; was paroled and retui-ued to his home, and was married to Sarah 
Hooker, of Poultney, Vt. , January 16, 1814, and, in 1816, moved to Covington, Genesee 
County, in his native State; in 1820. he came to Michigan and purchased eighty acres of 
land, near Pontiac, but subsequently sold it, and, in lS24, he moved with his family to 
Michigan and purchased an eighty-acre lot on Section 4, Shelby. Macomb County, where 
he lived and died; he was converted in Covington February 28, 1817, and joined the M. 
E. Church; held for a time the office of Class-leader, and subsequently, was licensed to 
exhort, which relation he held when he moved to Michigan: was licensed to preach at a 
(juarterly meetiug held in Detroit, in June, 1825; in 1880. he was ordained Deacon at a 
conference, held in Lancaster, Ohio, and subsequently, was ordained Elder; he was the 
first man licensed in the Territory of Michigan, and no doubt preached at more funerals and 
maiTied'more couples than any other one man in the county of Macomb, as when well, he 
was always ready at a moment's call for either, frequently leaving the haytield and going 
ten or fifteen miles to attend a funeral, and, as horses in those days were very scarce, not 
unfrequently making the Journey on foot. As a f)ioneer local preacher, he was abundant 
in labors, traveling on foot at times twenty-four miles on the Sabbath and preaching three 
times, and that after a hard week's work on the farm, and preaching as regularly as any 




stationed preacher, and spending most of the winters in special revival work, in Macomb, 
St. Clair and Oakland Counties, in which hundreds were converted, thus helping to lay 
the basis on which rests the magnificent, moral and social superstructure of this beautiful 
region of country. And in reference to him, the language of the wise man seems appro- 
priate — ''The memory of the just is blessed: for he is enshrined in the hearts of the peo- 
ple, and his memorj' will be cherished" while our present civilization lasts. AVith refer- 
ence to his character as a man and minister, I quote from his biographer: His chief en- 
dowment was strong common sense ; he had a quick perception and was a remarkably good 
judge of human nature, and could addiess men in public or private so as to reach their 
better natiu'es, without arousing their prejudices: his education was very limited, but his 
language was always chaste and quite correct, and. his manner very imjjressive; an Epis- 
cojial clergyman, after hearing him, said- "He has neither education nor eloquence, but 
something far better — the j)ower to convince and move men." He was genial and sym- 
pathetic, could weep with those that wept, or rejoice and smile with the cheerful and 
happy, and thus was a welcome guest, either at the wedding festival, at the sick-bed or 
funeral obsequies. He had nine children, four sons and five daughters: one son died in 
infancy, the rest living to maturity; two of the sons are in the ministry, and the other 
holds important official positions in the church, and one daughter is the wife of a promi- 
nent minister of the Michigan Conference. Elder Warren died September 5, 18()2, in 
the seventy-ftmrth year of his age; his wife smwived him eleven years, and died December 
('), 1S73. Four only of the children are now living, the rest having passed with the par- 
ents to the home beyond. Many incidents, quite novel and of interest, might l)e given, of 
Elder Warren's early history in the county and Territory, but a few must suffice. At the 
conference held in the court house at Pontiac, twenty-two years ago, in the love feast, 
two or three of the old ministers claimed to have been the first there, but, after giving 
their dates, he said he was ahead of all of them; that, in 1S2(*, stopping in town for the 
night, he came out into the brush, just about where the court house stood, for secret 
prayer, and the wolves gathered around and commenced to liowl, and he held a prayer- 
meeting with them. One Salibath evening, while passing through the woods over an In- 
dian trail, he saw just ahead of him a huge bear. The animal seemed inclined to dispute 
the right of way; without apparent fear, the traveler picked up a stick, saying, "If you 
be good, I will, but otherwise we will try titles."' The bear stepped aside and the Elder 
piished forwanl on his journev. 

HARMON A. WELLS, P. O. Rochester, farmer. Section 7, was born April 19, 1827, 
in Steuben County, N, Y, ; is the son of Samuel D. and Lvdia (Parmenter) Wells; his 
father was born March 24, 17811, in Saratoga County, N. Y., and died August 12, 1883; 
he was of Welsh extraction and was a soldier of the war of 1812, Mr. Wells' mother was 
born August 2, 17U2, at Oakham, Mass., and died September 22, IS"),'); her lineage was 
English. The senior AVells came to this country in August,' 1829, and located on 24(* 
acres of land on Sections ti and 7, where he resided until his death. Mr. W. of this sketch 
piu-chased 14(1 acres of the old homestead, which he has placed under the best state of 
cultivation, and which is supplied with good dwellings-aud convenient accessoiy buildings. 
Mr, Wells married Roxelnna Cannon, a native of Day, Saratoga Co., N. Y. , born May 8, 
1832. Seven children have been born to them, as follows: Mary A. Wells, born January 
28, 1859; Frank D.. September 19. ISfi] : Alice M., September IT). 18()3; George S., De- 
cember 26, 18(>('.; Byron S.. May 23, 18()9; Emma M., May 28, 1S72; Lydia M., January 
9, 187(i; Mary A. Wells died February 11. 1862. Mr. Wells is a Republican in politics, 
and has held the j)osition of Road Commissioner four terms. Mr. and Mrs. Wells hold tt) 
the principles of the Universalist Chirrch. 

HARVEY WILCOX, P. O. Washington, farmer, Section 2, was born August 



-J) \> 



44 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



8, 1828, in Eusli, Monroe Co., N. Y. ; he is the sou of David, and Anna (Brainard) 
Wilcox, both parents descendants of the English: his father was Itorn October 1. 178U, 
in Connecticut, his mother October 22, 17U4. in Maine. Mr. D. Wilcox came to Michi- 
gan in May. 1831, and settled on the farm of 178 acres, now under good improvements 
and with commodious buildings, on which H. Wilcox now resides. H. Wilcox was mar- 
ried to Maria Hughes. April 7, 18"i2: she was born July 2(5, 1826, in Canada West; they 
have had three children, two of whom are now living — E. R., born July 2-"), IS.")", and 
Cxeorge L., August 18, 18(51. E. R was married to Metta N. Preston. August 11, 1878; 
she was born August ."), 1S.")'.I; they have an infant child, born July 8, 1881. Mrs. H. Wil- 
cox's father died June 16, 1871, at the age of eighty-one years eight months and fifteen 
days, and her mother July 7, 1876, at the age of eighty-ono years eight months and six- 
teen days. The former served nine months in the war of 1812. Mr. Wilcox of this sketch 
has held the office of Justice of the Peace for two yeai-s, and entered on his second term 
of four years; he is a Democrat in politics, and is Master of Grange. No. 403. 

JAMES WILLIAMS. P. O. Utica, Justice of the Peace and Deputy Town Clerk, 
Utica, was born November IT), 1807, in Essex County, Ontario: is the son of Thomas and 
Mary (Loomis) Williams; his father was born in 1760, in Maryland; he was a soldier of 
the war of 1812, and was with Mad Anthony Wayne in the Wabash and Miami Indian 
war. and also with Cien. Harrison at the building of Forts Dehance, Wayne and Meigs. 
Mr. Williams came to this covmty in 1832, and located at Mt. Clemens, where he did 
business as a tailor and dry goods merchant; he was engaged for a time in oil specula- 
tion, at Oil Springs, Ontario; in October, 1879, he came to Utica, where he now resides. 
He was married, in October, 1832, to Adelia Ann Cook: they had two children, one of 
whom. Mrs. Mary H. Wooley, is now living in Chicago. Mrs. Williams died in Febru- 
ary, 18-32, and Mr. Williams was married, in January, I8r)3, to Mrs. Mary A. Green; they 
have had three children, two of whom are living — Frank F., married Miss Hudson; Julia 
M., married James McGarvy. Mr. and Mrs. AMUiams belong to the Congregational 
Church of Utica. Mr. W. is a thoroughg<iing Eepuljlican, and a jnember of the Masonic 
fraternity. 

BYRON WRIGHT, P. O. Utica, farmer. Section 28, was born February 2."), 1830, 
at Honeoye Falls, Monroe Co.. N. Y. ; is the son of Richard and Lany Scramlin Wright. 
Mr. W. settled in the count}- in 184*5, and purchased 120 acres of land, which had been 
partially improved; it is now his homestead and is under a good state of cultivation, with 
fine and substantial buildings. He was married, Augiist lo, 1880, to Mrs. Mary A. 
Beech, born February 21, 1830. at Rochester. Monroe Co., N. Y. ; in 1850, Mr. Wright 
went to California, and remained there eighteen years; he had an adventurous passage 
home, there being several cases of yellow fever on the boat, a severe storm oft' Cape Hat- 
teras. Mr. Wright is a Democrat in politics. 



rF 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



CHAPTER XXXill. 

BHUCE TOWNSHIP. 

On one of the lirst days of April, 183'i, the inhabitants of the Foiu-th Town met in a 
log schoolhouse on the corner four miles north of Romeo, and half a mile west of Parme- 
lee's house, for the purpose of forming a township. Mr. Goodi'ich was called to the chair, 
and Martin Buzzell was chosen Clerk. 

Various names for the new township were proposed, which, each in tiu-n, met with 
various objections, until one of the Grays proposed the name of Bruce, in honor of Scot- 
land's renowned chieftain. The name being short, easily written and pronounced, com- 
mended itself to the people at once, and was accepted. 

That portion of Macomb County comprised in sm-veyed Township 5 north. Range l'^ 
east, was erected into a township under the name of Bruce March 'J, 18H3, and the first 
town meeting ordered to be held at the schoolhouse near James Bushnell's, the iirst Mon- 
day in April, 1833. 

The first town meeting was held at the schoolhouse near James Bushnell's house, April 
1, 1833. Gideon Gates was Moderator, and Martin Buzzell, Clerk. The election resulted 
in the choice of CJ-ideon Gates. Supervisor; Martin Buzzell, Clerk; Isaac Thompson, J. W. 
L. Collins and Jesse Bishop. Assessors; Erastus Day, George Throop and Hemau Holmes, 
Commissioners of Highways; Gad Chamberlin, Poor Director; Asahel Bailey. Treasm-er; 
Hiram Ho]>kins. Collector and Constable; Erastus Day, Ezra Finch. Lure Hovey, Rho- 
minah Bancroft. Daniel Olverson, Levi Washburn and Mark ^Viuchell, Overseers of High- 
ways. 

The municipal officers elected since that time are named as follows: 

Supervisors — Gideon Gates, 1833-35; Isaac Thomp.son, 1835-37; Herman Parmalee, 
1837-38; County Commissioners, 1838-43; Minot T. Lane, 1843-45; Hiram Sherman, 
1845-50; Hugh Gray. 1850-51; George Chandler, 1851-53; Harvey Mellen. 1853-55; 
Joseph Avres, 1855-59; Hiram Sherman, 185U-60; Joseph Ayres, 1800-81; Harvey Mel- 
len, 1881-82. 

Clerks— Martin Buzzell. 1833; Henry Porter, 1834: James Bushnell. 1835-36; Gid- 
eon Gates, 1837-38; Cornelius Everts. 1839; Colatinus Day, 1840-41; Oliver Canfield, 
1842-44; Joseph A. C. Leech, 1845-46; Ebenezer French, 1847-48; Watson Loud. 1849; 
Oliver Canlield, 1850; Watson Loud, 1851-52; Jose])h Ayres, 1853; Dexter Mussey. 1854; 
Martin Buzzell. 1855; William A. Frazier, 1856-60; Levant C. Mclntyre, 1861-63; Sam- 
uel A. Reade. 1864; Charles Jones, 1865; William A. Frazier. 1866-68; George D. Muz- 
zey, 1869-71; Henry P. Piper, 1872-73; Charles N. Coe, 1874-82. 

Troasurers-Asahel Bailey, 1833-36; John W. Day, 1835-36; Jeremiah Miller, 
1837-38; Hiram Hopkins, 1839; Cornelius Everts, lS4b; James Starkweather, 1841; 
Hemy Howm-th, 1.S42; Martin T. Southwell. 1843; Samuel H. Ewell. 1844; Jeremiah B. 
Ayres, 1845-4S: Nathan Palmer. 1849; Lewis D. Owen. 1850-52; William B. Sutton, 
1853-56; Martin Buzzell, 1857; William B. Sutton, 1858-64; Almagi-o Pai-melee, 1865-(m; 
Robert Turner. 1872-74; George D. Muzzey, 1875-77; Jed Predmore, 1878-79; Ejthraim 
Van Burger. 1S80-82. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Justices of the Peace — Gideon Gates, 1831); William Allen, 1N:^(}; William Cooley, 
liS3H; Denis Scranton, 183(3: Ezra Standisli, 1887: Hem-y Porter, 1.S37: Martin Buzzell, 
1837: Hiram Sherman, 1838; Jesse Bishop, 183S; Rufus Prentiss. ISMS; Hiram Sherman, 
1839: Azariah Prentiss, 1S40; Jesse Bishop, 1841; Gideon Gates, 1S4"J; Hiram Sherman, 
1843; Martin F. Southwell. 1844; Dexter Mussey, 1845: Jesse Bishop, 1845; Gideon 
Gates, lS4(i; Hiram Sherman, 1847: Dexter Mussey, 1848: Jesse Bishop, 1849; George 
Chandler, 1850; Gideon Gates, 1851; Stephen H. Fitch, 185'.^: Dexter Mussey, 1853; 
Robert McKav, 1.S54: Asa B. Avres, 1855: Joseph P. Foster, 18o(): Dexter Mussey. 1857; 
Robert McKay, 1S5S: A. B. Ayres, 1859; Joseph P. Foster, ISliO, Robert Hamilton, 18<il; 
Martin Buzzell, ISiU; Dexter M. Mussey, 1802; Robert McKaj', 18(52; Edward S. Snover, 
18C.3: -Robert Hamilton, 18()4; Martin Buzzell, 18(55; Robert McKay. 18(3(5; Achish H. Pool, 
18()(); Edward S. Snover, 18(57: Chester Cooley, 18(5S: Robert Hamilton, 1S(5S; Hiram 
Sherman, 18(59; Dexter Mussey. 1870: Robert McKay, 187(1; Edward Snovel, 1871; 
Thomas Dawson. 187'2: John Smith, Jr., 1873: Daniel Wooden, 1873; Robert McKay, 
1874; Dexter Mussey, 1875: William 7. French, 187(5: Daniel Woodiu, 1877; Alburtius 
Pierson, 1878; Robert McKay, 1878; Dexter Mussev, 1879 ; Georcre Townsend, 1879; 
George Townsend. 1880: Daniel Woodin, 1881-82. 

The election of 1882. resulted as follows: Supervisor, Mellen, Democrat, 187; Avers, 
Republican, 172; Democrat majority, 15. Clerk, F. N. White, Republican, 193; James 
McFarlane, Democrat, 1(58; Republican majority, 25. Treasurer, A. H. Shelp, Republican, 
198: Charles Fillmore, Democrat; Republican majority, 3(3. 

OKANl> TRUNK E.\ILROAD OK MKIIIOAN. 

A resolution was adopted, at a meeting of tax-payers held February 12, 18(58, grant- 
ing a loan of $33,000 to aid in the construction of the Grand Trank Railroad of Michigan. 
The vote stood 201 in favor of the loan, and 2(( dissenting. 

MICHIGAN AIR-LINE RAILROAD. 

On June 9, 1869, a meeting of tax-payers was held at Romeo, when 239 votes were 
recorded in favor of a loan of .125,000, and 8(3 votes against such loan. 

.SCHOOLS. 

In this township there are six district and five fractional district schools. The Direct- 
ors for the year 1881-82 comprise Irving D. Hauscom, H. B. Cornell, Lawrence Hosner, 
Enoch Wilson, John C. Thompson. Lucius Parmelee. M. D. Closson, Oscar C. Wood, 
Charles Schanck, Carey Eldred and John Smith, Jr. The number of children of school 
age in these districts is 831, of which number 544 belong to No. 1 School. There are 
thirteen frame school buildings, valued at $13,(500. The amount paid teachers for the 
year ending September, 1881, was $5,225, while the aggregate expenditure was $8,922. 
The corps of teachers comprised four males and twenty three females. 

THE SCOTCH SETTLEMENT. 

In the year 1830 or 1831, the portion of the township known as the " Scotch Settle- 
ment " began to be occuj)ied. One or two families — Crawford and Wylie, also David 
Tayloi? — were there previously. Dr. Neil Gray and his brother Hugh came to Romeo, 
and. acting on the advice of Jesse Bishoj), located the tract since known as the Gray farm. 
The relatives of the Grays came over fi'om the country of Robert Burns and settled near 
the Gray farm. The Resides. Reids, Hopkinses, Muirs, Wassons, Hamiltons, Borlans, 
Stephenses and many others soon followed. Josiah T. Sanborn, one of the iu'st settlers 
of Bruce, still resides in the northeast part of the township. 



nOUNTY FOR WOLF SCALPS. 

At the jseriod of organization, the northern and eastern sections of the township were 
S|)arsel y settled, and were infested with wolves and other forest animals. Sheep and hogs 
could not be kept at all, unless closely watched by day and safely secured by night. The 
State oflered a bounty of i^S for the destruction of each wolf, and the county added to this 
the sum of $8, in order to stimulate our hunters to greater exertion. The various town- 
ships offered bounties of from $3 to $5 for each wolf scalp brought to the Town Treasiu-er. 

In times past, the treasvu'y of Washington suffered from the action of a man who pro- 
duced a whole litter of wolves, in the most helpless state ox infancy. Bruce made it a 
rule to provide against such an outlay by ordaining that the bounty of 13 should not be 
paid to wolf -slayers who could not produce the scalp of a wolf which was not able to stand 
and walk alone. 

A bounty for wolf scalps was offered in this township, as well there might be, for, in 
the summer of 1836, sheejj were killed by wolves within twenty-five rods of where ]\Ir. 
Wilkinson now resides, and the boys killed coons in those days in a cornfield, within 
forty rods of the present residence of Isaac Brabb. 

The principal natiu'al cm-iosities of Bruce are the miniatiu'e lakes, of which there are 
four or five. The largest of them is called " Cusic Lake," and is located al)out three miles 
west of Romeo. It contains about twenty-five acres, and is always full of clear water. 
The next in size is Hall's Pond, which covers about ten acres. Cusick Lake is on the line 
between Washington and Bruce Townships, and gives promise of being a most pojiular re- 
sort before many years. 

The township is watered by the North Branch of the Clinton River and Leslie's Creek. 
There are some saw-mills and other industrial institutions situated on these streams. 



STATISTICAL. 

In 1850, the township contained ]3r( farms, containing 11.851) acres of improved land, 
with l),ll!8 acres of wood and other unimproved land, the cash value of which was esti- 
mated at |3iy,330. In live stock, it exceeded any township in the county, as indeed it 
did ia the above enumerations. Of horses there were 230 (only one ass, and no mules); 
milch cows, 4S(); working oxen, '21ir, other cattle, 038; sheep, o.fiS'i; swine, T'JU; total 
value of live stock, $44,520 ; wheat, 34,98(1 bushels; rye, 430 bushels; Indian corn, 20,1)95 
bushels; oats, 1(3,024 bushels; barley, 052 bushels; buckwheat, 2,141 bushels; potatoes, 
2,231 bushels; w ol, 10,270 pounds. Value of oi-chard products, |99(;. Dairy produce: 
Butter, 23, 115 pounds; cheese, 9,2()5 pounds; maple sugar, 2,255 pounds. Contrasted 
with the statistical showing of 1874, it makes the following comparison: Number of 
farms, 205; acres improved, 16,30()|; wood and other unimproved land, 7,()75; total cash 
value of same, §1,228,970. In live stock, the following figures are given: Horses, 714; 
mules and asses, 6; milch cows, 514; working oxen, 10; other cattle, 595; sheep, 10,523: 
swine, 579; total value of live stock, $145,834. Wheat, 50,0)00 bushels; rye, 40 bushels; 
Indian corn, 33,803 bushels; oats, 48,450 bushels; barley, 8,405 bushels; buckwheat. 850 
bushels; potatoes, 10,747 bushels; wool, 57,790 jiounds. Dairy produce: Butter, 48,815 
pounds; cheese, 1,048 pounds. Maple sugar, 345 pounds. Value of orchard jjroduce, 
$11,72(). Pork marketed, 90,(^07 pounds. The statistics for 1880-81 show a still more 
remarkable advance. The jjopulation of the township in 1850, including that portion of 
Romeo north of Main street, was 1.555; in 1873. the number increased to 2.045: and in 
INSO, to 2,112. 

THE LOSS OF TlIK RFSIDE CHILD. 

In the sjsring of 183(). or about that time, John Reside, a Scotchman, living in the 
northern portion of Bruce, was engaged in sugar-making in the woods, and in the after- 



j^9 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COU>TY. 



noon of one day, his little daughter, Jane, about five years of age, who had spent the after- 
noon with her father, started to go home alone, and became lost in the woods. The 
mother, supposing the child to be with her father, felt no alarm, and the father knew not 
of her loss till his return late in the evening. Search was soon made, and neighbors 
flocked in to give such aid and sympathy as they could, but, owing to the darkness in the 
timber, the search was unsuccessful. 

The weather was (| uite cold, and a storm threatening. The men, however, kept in the 
woods, and, by lights and incessant shouting, kept the beasts away. In the morning, Luke 
Fisher came with a dog, which was allowed to smell a stocking worn by the child. The 
dog soon traced the way the girl had gone, and, followed by his master, soon came upon 
her. She had become completely exhausted and overcome by the cold, and had fallen on 
her face upon the ground. Her uncle, a doctor, was at hand, and she was restored to life 
and brought home. Her hands were frozen, and the complete use of them never fully re- 
tiu-ned. She still dimly remembers the scenes of that terrible night, and never forgets that 
she owes her life to the sagacity of a faithful dog. 

PKK.SONAL HISTORY. 

In the personal history of Bruce are given brief biogi-aphical notices of prominent citi- 
zens and old settlers of the town. They will prove as instructive and interesting as the 
legitimate history of the district, since they form the history of those who raised it to 
its present prosperous condition. 

RUSSELL BATES, P. O. Romeo, was born May 30, 1840, in Chestertield, Macomb 
Co., Mich. He is the son of Russell and Elsie Bates, natives of the State of New York. 
His father died June 3, 1842; his mother died December 10, 1881, aged sixty-seven years. 
Mr. Bates has been a farmer all his business life, except six years when he was engaged 
in trade at Romeo. In 1875, he settled on the fai-m where he now lives, including the 100 
acres of fine land on Section 31, well stocked and supplied with a good home and suitable 
buildings. He was married. March 23, 1801, to Fidelia H. . daughter of James and Fanny 
Hosner, of Bruce. She was born January 15, 1838, in Bruce. They have had two chil- 
dren — La Fayette H.. born March 17, 1866; and Alice, April 17, 1873, died September 
25. 1873. Mr. and Mrs. Bates are members of the Free-Will Baptist Chm-ch of Bruce. 
Mr. Bates is an active member of the Republican party. 

GILBERT S. BISHOP, P. O. Almont, was bom July 30, 1841, in the township of 
Brace, Macomb Co. , Mich. He was the sou of Truman and Mary Bishop. Truman was 
born in 1806, Livingston County, township of Richmond; died in the township of Bruce, 
Macomb Co., Mich., in July, 1850. His wife, Mary, was born in Richmond, Livingston 
Co., N. Y., in August, 1811. She died in Bruce in September, 1850. They came to 
Michigan about the year 1837 and settled in Macomb; the same year, bought the farm on 
which the subject of this sketch now lives, which now consists of 200 acres of choice land, 
with good dwelling and outbuildings, on Section 5. September 24, 1S02, Mr. Bishop 
married Angeline Patch. She was the daughter of Anson B. and Ann L. Jewell 
Patch; wife was born June 4, 1842, in the township of Ray. Macomb Co., Mich; her fa- 
ther was bom in Massachusetts in 1814; mother, born in New York in the same year: 
died in Oakland County, Mich., in 1846. Mr. and Mrs. Bishop have had live childi-en, 
as follows: Frank L., born January 27, 1864; Mary A., born September 10, 1865; Flor- 
ence L..' August 25, 1867. died May 4. 1875; Jennie M., born November 22, 1S7<»; Emma 
C, born August 30, 1880. They are members of the First Congregational Church of Al- 
mont. Politically, he is a Republican. 

THOMAS BORLAND, of the township of Almont, Lapeer County, was born in Cragie 
Parish, Ayrshire, Scotland. Octolser 15, 1826. His father. Thomas, was a farmer in that 
46 



country, and died there. Soon after coming of age, Thomas, Jr., having received an edu- 
cation in the schools of his native ])arish, took, in accordance with the custom of that 
country, UOd acres of the estate of the Duke of Argyle. This was a farm ada})ted to the 
dairy and grazing business. A\'hile moving from the old home to this new one, the drove 
of cattle, consisting of sixty head, became scattered, and one cow was lost, and was 
taken up by a farmer and secured in his barn. She was soon recovered, and. soon after 
reaching the faim, was seized with the disease, pleiu'o-jmeiunonia, and soon died. The 
disease soon spread through the herd, and forty head were saeriiiced to the disease, many 
of them worth $75 to$l(K) each. The loss extended into the second year, and the income 
of both years became a total loss. This so aft'ected his calculations that he could not re- 
cover, and so conceived the idea of coming to America. Taking the benefit of a small 
patrimony of Mrs. Borland, they took passage, and arrived in Macomb County May It, 
1853, with good health and very little means. On leaving the old country, his chamber- 
lain gave bin; a letter highly complimentary to his character and management, which was 
an uncommon thing for a landlord to do. Spending a couple of years as laborer on the farm of 
John Taylor, of Bruce, he bought forty acres of land in Armada, which he kept foiu- years. 
This he sold, and spent a year on a farm near Almont, and then bought eighty acres in 
Bruce, on Section 8, which he kept live years, and sold at an advance of $'2,(HH). He then 
bought a farm on the county line, in Lapeer County, of I'iO acres, adding afterward 230 
acres. He has erected tine buildings on this farm, and is out of debt, and prosperous — 
showing that industry and perseverance are svu'e to be rewarded. He was maiTied, in 
1848, in Scotland, to Janet AVilsou, who was born January 13. 1S27. She was a daughter 
of David Wilson, fanner, of Haining Mains, Ayrshire, Scotland. Of this marriage there were 
live boys, three of whom sui-vive — David W., born May 11, 1850, married and living on 
the homestead; Thomas J., born July 0, 18(34; James W., born December 1, 1866; also 
two sons who died in childhood. He has always taken an active interest in the various 
political questions of the day, and has always been a Republican, voting lii-st for Lincoln in 
1860. Ml', and Mrs. Borland are members of the United Presbyterian Church, of which 
Mr. Borland is an Elder. 

ALEXANDER BRAID WOOD, farmer, of Bruce Township, was born in Ayrshire, 
Scotland, in January, 1818. In Scotland he was a clerk in a grocery store, and also clerk 
in a ship-building yard in the city of Troon. In the year 1842, in company with two 
brothers, emigrated to America and located on the north line of the county in Bruce Town- 
ship, Section 2, in the Scotch settlement, and has since resided there; was married, in 
1847, to Mary Milliken, daughter of John Milliken, of Scotland; she was born in Ayrshire 
March 17, 1828 ; they have had ten chikh'en, fom' of whom are married and set- 
tled in Lapeer County, and six still at the homestead. Mr. Braidwood has been a suc- 
cessful farm(>r and breeder of fine cattle, having 330 acres of fertile land, with good build- 
ings and otlicr things necessary to a profitable business. In politics, he is a Democrat. 

CHESTER D. COOLEY was born Sei^tember 15, 1845, in Bruce, Macomb Co., Mich. ; 
is son of Chester and Jane Kisor Cooley (see sketch of Chester Cooley), of Romeo. Mr. 
Cooley was married, June 22, 1873, to Hannah M., daughter of Aaron and Rhoda S. Cole 
Ingalsbe, of Ray, Macomb Co., Mich., natives of New York; the former was born Sep- 
tember 26, 1823, in Camless, Onondaga Co., N. Y., and died August 16, 1877; the latter 
was born August 28, 1829, in Jerusalem, Yates Co., N Y.,and is still living. Mrs. Cooley 
was born August 11, 1851, in Lenox, Macomb Co., Mich. Mr. and Mrs. Cooley have one 
child. William M., born July 28. 1875, in Bruce, Macomb County They reside on Sec- 
tion 21, Bruce Township. Mr. Cooley is a member of the Masonic Lodge, No. 41, of Ro- 
meo, and is ])olitically a Republican. Mrs. Cooley is a member of the Patrons of Hus- 
bandry. 



^T 




S. B. COOLEY W!is born in Bruce Township, Macomb County, July 1, 1S33. His 
father. Benjamin Cooley, referred to in these pages, came to Michigan in October. 1832. 
Here Mr. Cooley was educated and at the Romeo Academy. In 1855, he left for Minnesota, 
where he located 155 acres, near Mantorville, and remained thirteen months: returning, 
he bought the Willett farm, on Sections lU and 20. May 4. 1864, he entered on his West- 
ern trip to the gold mines, reaching the Montana mines June 1. 1865, he, with his party, 
wintering at Salt Lake City, where he disposed of a §2,000 stock of boots and shoes, piu-- 
ohased at Chicago, in company with his brother-in-law, Mr. George Schenck He returned 
to Macomb County in June. 1866. and resumed farming. In 1870, he inherited the 
homestead farm, consisting of 280 acres, on Sections 17 and 18, Bruce, which he has con- 
ducted since that time. This landed projjerty in Macomb is 640 acres, of which 400 acres 
are under cultivation. Recently, he has built farm laborers" houses, or tenant houses. 
His stock consists of 375 sheep, eighty hogs, twenty-two horses and mules. Mr. S. B. 
Cooley is a member of the Blue Lodge. F. & A. M., of Almont. and of the Romeo Com- 
mandery and Chapter; is a charter member of Romeo Grange, and member of the Pomona 
Grange. Mrs. Clarissa Wood Cooley, a native of Oneida County, N. Y. , born in 1814, 
came to Michigan with her husband, Benjamin Cooley. 

SAMUEL G. COOLEY. P. O. Almont, was borii September 20, 1853, in the township 
of Bnice, Macomb Co. . JMjoh. He was the son of Samuel and IMaretta Cooley. His fa- 
ther was born in Pittsbteg^ Vt., March 7, 1804; died November 0. 1872, in the township 
of Bruce. His father came to Michigan in 1832, and first settled in Washington. Macomb 
County; left Washington in 1840 and settled in Bruce, on ]67i acres of land on Section 
6; on this he lived until his death. Samuel Cooley, father of this sketch, was married, 
November 15, 1850, to Maretta Wood; they had one child. Samuel G., born September 
20, 1853; his mother was born in Boonville, Oneida Co.. N. Y., March 211, 1808. On the 
death of his father. Samuel G. came into possession of the homestead. December 10, 
1872, he was married to Ada Bell Lane, of Dryden, Lapeer Co,, Mich. His wife was 
born July 26, 1858. She was the daughter of Charles and Elmina Lane. They have 
three children — Saumel M., born August 28, 1874; Maretta May, born September 30, 18/6; 
Charley Elwin, born December 28, 1880. They have on their homestead 120 acres of 
choice land, with good dwelling house and outbuildings. Politically, he is an Independ- 
ent. Chai-les Lane, Sr., was born in the year 1793, in the town of Queensbiu-y, Wairen 
Co., N. Y. He moved to Michigan and died in 1856. Charles Lane, son of the senior, 
was also born in Warren County, in 1814. and died May 20, 1882, in Dryden, Mich., aged 
sixty-seven years and seven months. When he was twenty-three years old, he came to 
Michigan, and finally settled in Lapeer County. At the age of twenty-eight or twenty- 
nine, he married Elmina Gould, who was born in New York State in 1828, and, with her 
parents, moved to Michigan at the age of nine years. At the age of eighteen, she was 
married to Mr. Lane. Ada Bell Lane was born iii the year 1858, in Lapeer County, town 
of Dryden, Mich. At the age of foiu-teen, she maiTied Samuel G. Cooley. 

WILLIAM COOLEY was born June 26, 1808. in Pittsford, Rutland Co.^Vt.; is son 
of Samuel and Polly Dike Cooley. The former was born November 14, 1(75. in Pitts- 
ford, Vt., and died in Bruce, Micli., Februai-y 2, 1843; the latter was born in Chittenden, 
Rutland Co., Vt., August 4, 1781, and died September 10, 1838, in Bruce. Samuel Cooley 
left Vermont in 1816, and engaged in farming in Cambria, Niagara Co., N. Y., and in 
1832 settled in Bruce, Mich. Mr. Cooley. of this sketch, was employed as a carder and 
cloth-di-esser in Niagai'a County, N. Y. In 1832, he came to Michigan and purchased 120 
acres of land in Bruce, returning to New York in the fall of that year, intending to re- 
main. He was persuaded to come back with his father, to whom he sold his land and 
bought eighty acres more, on which he has since pursued the vocation of a farmer. He 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



has been the owner of several farms and a considerable amount of timber land. He was 
married, January 1, 1S3.J. to Lucretia Hiudz, of Cambria, N, Y., a native of Vermont. 
She was born February 22, 1812. They have one child, James H., born October 18, 183"), 
and died September 5, 1837. Mrs, Cooley died June 23, 1836, in Bruce. Mr. Cooley 
was married, January 2'.), 1840, to Henrietta L., daughter of Charles and Diadamia Scran- 
ton Crippen, of Washington, Macomb County. She was l:)orn March 1, 1821, in Coving- 
ton, Genesee Co., N. Y. They have one child, Charles D., born January 13, 1842, in 
Bruce, Mrs. Cooley belongs to the Free Baptist Church of Bruce. Mr. Cooley is a mem- 
ber of the orders of Masonry and Odd Fellows. In politics, he is a Democrat. His farm 
includes 160 acres of land, well improved with a substantial frame house and accessory 
buildings. 

AARON CORNELL, P. O. Romeo, born May 1, 1822, in Elmira, N. Y., was son of 
Richardson and Anna M. (Moshcr) Cornell, both parents natives of New York, father 
born May 9, 17U1, died in 1878, in Wisconsin; mother born June 8, 17U6: she died March, 
1834 This old couple were married May 26, 1814: They had the following children: 
Aletta K,, born April 25, 1817; Dorcas. born September 7, 181U; Aaron, born Mayl, 1822; 
Hannah W.. born September 5, 1824; William D., born April 1, 182',), The subject of 
this sketch was married to Elizabeth Lefever Septemlser U, 1844; from this marriage, had 
two childi'en — Hartmon R, and Allace Josephine, both of whom are now living; wife died 
September 4. 1870. Mr. Cornell married for his second wife Lucy Streeter August 22, 
1871; she died March 14, 1880. January 12, 1882, Mr. Cornell married, for his third 
wife, Elizabeth Ann Sanford, widow of George Sauford, of Flint, Mich.; she was born 
July 28, 1830; she was a daughter of Denis and Delia (Palmer) Scranton. The subject of 
this sketch is a farmer, and came to Michigan aad to the town of Bruce in April, 18G7; 
the same year of his arrival in Michigan, boiight his present homestead, which consists of 
145 acres of choice land on Section 14, with large, commodious dwelling house and good 
barns; farm is on gravel road leading to Almont, four miles north of Romeo. Mr. and 
Mrs, Cornell are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church; politically, he is a Repub- 
lican, 

ALBERT EDGETT, (deceased), born February 3, 1805, in Gorham, New York, 
was the son of Peter and Rhoda (Finch) Edgett. Peter, his father, was born in En- 
gland in 1770; he died in Bruce, Macomb Co., Mich., in the yeai- 1832; his son died 
March 16, 1876, in Bruce, Macomb Co.. Mich. His mother was Holland Dutch, and they 
were married in the State of New York, Schoharie County. Albert Edgett came to Mich- 
igan in 1827 and settled on what is now Bruce, on Section 36, where he bought eighty 
acres of land, where the family have since lived. January 1, 1828, Albert mai'ried Lucy 
Adams; wife born in Langdon, Cheshire Co., N. H. , April 22, 1807; she was the daugh- 
ter of John and Susan (Morse) Adams. From this marriage they have seven children — 
Cleora, born March U, 1821), now the wife of Samuel Babcox, of Orford, Mich; Phcebe 
Paulina, born February 21, 1831; Harriet L., born December 13, 1832; Maryett, born 
October 25, 1834; Jul iett, born March 20, 1837; Martha Jane, born June 25, 1831); Albert, 
born August 21, 1841. The daughter Martha is now the wife of Levi W. Cole, of Bruce; 
they were man'ied November 7, 1878. Mr. Cole now lives on the homestead of his wife's 
father. Mr. Cole was born September 22, 1846, in Biu-ford. Brant Co., Province of On- 
tario, Canada; was son of Nicholas and Anna (Richort) Cole. Mr. Cole is a Republican. 

LEONARD ELDRED, P. O. Romeo, was born July 3, 1818. in Crafttown, Otsego 
Co., N. Y. ; is son of Thomas and Phcebe (Myers) Eldred; the former was born in June, 
17U4; the latter. April 5, 1800. They had nine childi'on — Nathan, Leonard, Olive, Ansel, 
Thomas, Margaret, Betsey, James and Hiram; moved to Clarence, Erie Co.. N. Y. . and 
afterward to Michigan, in 1836, and located on eighty acres of land in Bruce, which he 



iiL^ 



purchased of the Government, and whei-e he resided till his death. September 17, 1857; 
his wife died November 17. 187(1. Mr. Eldred came to Michigan with his parents. He 
is a carpenter by trade, which he pvu-saed about ten years. He was married to Emily, 
daughter of I. W. S. and Permelia (Stranahan) Collins. February 18, 1844; she was born 
in Aurora, Erie Co.. N. Y.. February 12. 1824; her father was born December 21. 1791; 
was son of Levi and Nabby (Stanton) Collins, who were the parents of ten children; the 
father died April 10, 1837; the mother died September 18, 1831. Permelia Stranahan 
was daughter of John and Annie (Crego) Stranahan, natives of New York, who came to 
Michigan in 1836 and settled in Bruce. I. W. S. Collins came to Michigan in 1832, 
with his wife and eight children; three were afterwai'd born to them; their names were 
Seymour, Hamet. Cornelia, Julia, Emily, Cyrenus, Jackson. Lafayette, Annie, Ruth and 
James. Of these. Seymour. Julia. Jackson and Annie are dead. Mr. Collins died 
September 7. 1855; his wife died February 25. 1877. Mr. and Mrs. Eldred have 
thi-ee children — Permelia A., born April 24, 1845; mamed to James Hosner in November, 
1862: they have had three children — Emma. Eva (deceased) and Clare; Peter P., born 
October 1(1. 1846, married, January 1. 1876, to Annie, daughter of Andi-ew and Catherine 
(Falkner) Nickerson; they have one child, Fred C, born September S, 1877; Cary 
J. Eldred was born September 18. 1848; was mairied, in July, 1870, to Emma, daughter 
of James and Fanny (Spencer) Hosner; they had two childi-en — Fanny L. and Carrie E. ; 
Mrs. Eldred died in September, 1876; her husband was married, in November, 1877, to 
Emma, daughter of Edmund and Mary Gould; they have one daughter, Florry, born April 
18, 1880. Mr. Eldred, lives on his homestead of 150 acres on Section 33, where he located 
December 25, 1872. His son Peter owns a farm of upward of one hundred acres on Sec- 
tion 28, the original possession of Leonard Eldred. 

CORNELIUS EVERETT, son of Elihu Everett, a native of Connecticut, was born 
in Washington County, N. Y. . December 27. 1800. His mother. Betsey Derl)y. a native 
of the same place, died in Washington. The father died in 18()0, in Cattaraugus County, 
N. Y. Mr. Everett was a teacher in the public schools of Western New York several 
years, and removed to Macomb County in the fall of 1833, and taught school the first sea- 
son of his stay. In the spring of 1834, he bought a lot of land on Section 14 of Bruce 
Township, and made it his fu'st home. In the year 1855, he added the Fisher farm, 
which was situated across the street. He was mamed, August U, 1828, to Climena. 
daughter of Heman Palmerlee, of Connecticut. She was born at Shorehara, Vt., May 23, 
1811. Their children were Leonard, born in New York August 16, 1830, married Annie 
Collins and lives at Battle Creek, Mich.; Elizabeth. September 6, 1833. married S. Daniels 
and lives in Detroit; Mar\% born September 9, 1838, maiTied William Daniels and resides 
in Chicago, 111.; Homer C. B., September 1'), 1845. Mrs. Everett died December 11, 
1880. Mr. Everett has been an active and energetic man and a prosperous farmer; a 
member of the Democratic party. Mr. Everett's father served in the war of 1812. 

HOMER C. EVERETT, son of Cornelius Everett, born in Bruce Township Septem- 
ber ly, 1845; remained at home and attended the schools of the neighborhood and at Ro- 
meo until becoming of age; married, October 21, 1874, Lorena, daughter of Abel Shel- 
den, of Lenox Township; they have two sons — Floyd, bom September 21, 1.S77; Clarence, 
Augusts. 187U; also one daughter died in infancy. ]VIr. Everett resides on the homestead, 
and is 'meeting with success as an agricultmnst; is a member of the Republican party. 
He enlisted, in 1864, in Company G. Third Michigan Volunteer Infantry; rcmiained nearly 
two years, and was honorably discharged. He lived three years in the townships of Lenox 
and Ray, and retuiTied to the homestead in the fall of 1880. 

HENRY D. GOETCHIEUS, P. O. Almont, was born January 1. 1815, in Shawangunk, 
Ulster Co. , N. Y. . He is the son of Stephen and Catherine Goetchieus. Stephen Goetchieus 



"♦ 1*1^ 



was born in New York; his wife, Catherine, in the State of Virginia. His father came to 
Michigan in 1837; settled in Washington, Macomb County; father died in Almont. Lapeer 
County, October 20, 1854, aged seventy-fom- years. His son Henry came to Michigan 
with his father. He had learned the trade of tailor in the State of New York. On his 
arrival at Romeo, he opened a tailor-shop and followed this business about eight years, 
and then kept a hotel in what was the old Red Tavern. This house was burned after he 
had occupied it some four years. On the same ground he built a new hotel, called the 
Romeo Exchange; kept this house about eight years, then sold the house to J. L. Benja 
min for $6,000, and with this money he came to Bruce, and bought his present homestead 
about 1850, which consists of 200 acres of choice land on Section 4, with good dwelling 
and barn. On this farm, near his dwelling, he has a fine fish pond of about one acre, 
tilled with pickerel, and with nearly every kind of fish that inhabits the lakes or Michigan. 
January 27, 1848, the subject of this sketch married Phuebe Cardnell, of Almont. She 
was born May 16, 1822, in Genesee County. N. Y. From this maiTiage they have the fol- 
lowing children: lone, born January 9, 1843, now the wife of George Braidwood, of 
Bruce; Edwin E., June IS, 1S44, now lives at Grand Rapids; Phcebe L., born March 6, 
1846, wife of Abram Hagar Marlette, of Sanilac County; Jay W.. born May 15, 1848; 
Ivan, born December 1, 1840, died May 1, 1850; George M., November 4, 1851, lives in 
Bruce and occupies part of the homestead; Unita C, born March 11, 1854, at home, sin- 
gle; Julia, born October 3, 1858, at home, single. Mr. Goetchieus' forefathers lived in 
Holland. Mr. Goetchieus is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Politically, he is a 
Democrat. The son, Jay W., lives with his parents on the homestead. November 10, 
1876, Jay was married to Ittary E. Miles, of Almont, Lapeer Co., Mich. They have two 
chikh-en— Phoebe Ann, born June 8, 1878; Hem-y D., born May. 12, 1881. Politically, 
he is a Democrat. 

ROBERT GRAY, deceased, was born in Ayrshire, Scotland, May 12, 1816; came with 
his parents to this county in 1832, where the family now reside, in the same old house, 
with additions. He was married, in 1851. to Miss Isabella Fogo, a native of Scotland. 
They had four children— Neil W., William M, Belle F. and Hugh J. D. William is 
married to Belle Mahaffy, and has one child. Robert; Belle F. is the wife of James Coch- 
lane. Mr. Gray was a prominent farmer and stock-raiser, and was very successful. He 
died October 5, 1877, respected by all. Noil Gray, deceased, the father of the above, was 
also a native of Ayrshire, Scotland; brought his family to America in 1832, and settled on 
Section 11, Bruce Township, this county, where his descendants still live. He was the father 
of ten children, all dead. 

WILLIAM HAMILTON, P. O. Almont, born May 31, 1800, in Muirkirk, Ayrshire, 
Scotland; was the son of Robert and Elizabeth (Simm) Hamilton. Robert Hamilton, fa- 
ther of the subject of this sketch, was born in Scotland in 1784, and died in 1845, in 
township of Bruce, Macomb Co., Mich. His wife, the mother of William, was also born 
in Scotland, in 1785, and died in Bruce in 186S. They had six children, two of whom 
are now living. The subject of this sketch came to America with his parents in the year 
1830; landed at port of Boston and settled in North Andover, Mass.; parents lived in 
Andover some two years, when they went to Simsbury, Conn., where they lived some five 
years, then came to Bruce, Mich., in the year 1837. William Hamilton commenced busi- 
ness life for himself in a woolen-mill in Andover, Mass; worked in this place some two 
years, then went to the State of Connecticut, to town of Simsbury, where he learned the trade 
of carpet- weaver in the carpet factory of Livennore & Kendall; followed this occupation 
five years; was engaged in weaving ingrain carpets. May , 1833, Mr. Hamilton married 
Mary Meloine, of New York City. She was born in Port Patrick, Scotland, February 
10, 1810; came to America in 1833; landed at port of New York. She was the daughter 



i. 



'i:>^ 



tif John and Mary (McCracken) Meloine; from this man-iago, had eight children, as fol- 
lows; Robert A., born March 25, 1834. in State of Connecticut, township of Simsbury; 
Eliza Ann, born in Connecticut, township of Simsbury, December 3, 1885; Mary Jane, 
in Bruce, Mich., June 27, 1844; Matilda E., born June 21, 184(5; Charlotte A., born 
September 17, 184U; William W, , born May (5, 1851; John M., born December 6, 1853. 
The subject of this came to Michigan with parents; farmed with his father some two 
years; in the year 1841, bought a farm of 120 acres of land on Section !•; on .this land 
has since lived; homestead now consists of eighty acres of choice land, with good dwelling 
house and outbuildings. Mr. Hamilton is a member of the Presbyterian Church; has 
taken considerable interest in common schools, and held several school offices; politically, 
is Republican. 

JACOB H. HOSNER was born in Clarkson. Monroe Co., N. Y., in 1841. His par- 
ents came to Michigan in 1843 and located in Bruce Township, where they now reside. 
Mr. Hosner grew to manhood on his father's farm, and when nineteen years of age, en- 
listed in the Fir.st Michigan Cavalry. He was enrolled Augu.st 21, 1861, and served until 
the 12th day of June, 1864, when he was wounded at the battle of Trevilian Station, Va. 
He was in the hospital in consequence until June 2, 1865. when he received honorable 
discharge. Mr. Hosner was one of Michigan's most valiant sohiiers, and one whom his 
fellow-citizens name with pride and honor. He was in every action in which his regiment 
was engaged during the lirst two years of service, and was under ixve at Yorktown, Will- 
iamsburg, Seven Pines, Fair Oaks, Mechanicsville, Cold Harbor, Malvern Hill, Cedar 
Mountain, Second Bull Run, Harper's Ferry, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Falling Waters, 
Brandy Station, etc. Mr. Hosner was married, in 1866, to Lucy M., daughter of Isaac 
and Harriet (Cusick) Taft, born in Bruce in 1844. Mr. and Mrs. Taft were natives of 
Clarkson, Monroe Co., N. Y.. and were both born in 1807. They came to Michigan in 
1835, and accumulated several farms and considerable village property in Romeo. They 
were members of the M. E. Church. Mr. Taft died March 18, 1875: Mrs. Taft died Oc- 
tober 28. 1877. Mr. Hosner owns 120 acres of fu-st-class, finely situated land, in Bruce, 
on Sections 2U and 30. His residence is on Section 2U, and his place is well supplied 
with accessory farm buildings; has recently built a barn at a cost of $1,000. Mj. and 
Mrs. Hosner have had two children — Hiram Judson, born April 2U, 1868, died September 
18. 1879; and Hattie May, born March 1, 1870, and died September 14, 1879, of malig- 
nant diphtheria. The son died of paralysis of the heart succeeding diphtheria. 

JAMES M. HOSNER was born July 28, 1838, in Clarkson, Monroe Co., N. Y. ; is 
son of Jacob and Catherine Thompkins. His father is son of Hugh and Hannah Hosner. 
natives of New York, the former born in 1780, and died in 1839; the latter born in 1783 
and died in 1867. Mr. Hosner came to Michigan in 1841. He was man-ied. in 1863. 
to Permelia A., daughter of Leonard and Emily Eldred. They have had three children — 
Emana E., born May 20. 1864, in Bruce; Eva'May, May 1, 1870, in Bruce, died July 14, 
1870; Clare J., August 2, 1877, in Bruce. Mr. Hosner owns 210 acres of good laud on 
Section 30, with tine home and accessory farm buildings; in addition to farming, buys 
and sells cattle and sheep for the Eastern markets. 

JOHN E. HOSNER was born July 13, 1850; is son of James and Fanny (Spencer) 
Hosner. His father was born in Otsego County, N. Y., in 1811; removed to Monroe 
County, N. Y.. in 1816. He was married, in 1832, to Fanny Spencer. She was born in 
Otsego County. N. Y. , in 1813; moved with her parents to Monroe County in 1816. They 
came to Michigan, purchased the land where the Clifton Mill now stands: exchanged the 
property for land in Bruce, one mile north and one-fom-th mile east of his former loca- 
tion, where he remained imtil April, 1876. He then moved one-half mile west to another 
tract of land; he died June 11. 1876; his widow lives on the place where he died. Mr. 



^Tv 



^1 

1 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Hosner, of this sketch, was married, October 16, 1870, to Caroline, (laughter of John and 
Chariot e (Hartung) Albertson, born in WaiTen County, N. J., December 25, 1851; her 
father was born in New Jersey September 2, ISIV); her mother was born in New York 
March 3, 1823; they were maiTied September 15, 1844: came to Michigan in 1852, and 
located at Addison, Oakland County, where they spont the remainder of their lives. Mrs. 
Albertson died July fi, 1868; Mr. Albertson died May 15, 1875. Mr. and Mrs. Hosner 
have one. child, Mary Lee, born in Bruce December U, 1877. Mr. Hosner occupies the 
homestead of his parents, 160 acres on Section 32; he is engaged in agriculture, and also 
in breeding thoroughbred Spanish Merino sheep and Short-Horn Durham cattle: his Hock 
and herd are of recorded jiedigree — the former fi-om celebrated Vermont stock. 

THEODORE F. HOSNER. P. O. Romeo, was born in Washington Township in 1845; 
was married, March 24, 18611. to Amanda Schooley, of Addison Township, Oakland County; 
their childi'en are Frances May Hosner, born in 1870: and Amie E., Ijt)rn in ]875. He is 
a prosperous and successful farmer of the township of Bruce. 

ALBERT HOVEY. P. O. Romeo, born October 10. 1822. in Warsaw. Wyoming Co.. 
N. Y. ; was the son of Suel and Lucinda (Holmes) Hovey; Suel was of English extraction 
and his wife. Lucinda, of Scotch extraction; Suel was born in the State of New Hamp- 
shire. 1785; died in Bruce March 2, 1871: his wife, Lucinda, born in Vermont, October 
13, 17yy. and died in Bruce, Mich.. August 30, 1879. Josiah Hovey. father of Suel, was 
born in England in the year 1754; came to America when but seventeen years of age; he 
was always a farmer and lived his life in this county, in New Hampshire and New York; 
he died in Warsaw, Wyoming Co., N. Y. , in the year 1824; his son Suel, the father of 
this sketch, was a soldier in the war of 1812. The subject of this sketch came to Michi- 
gan. June. 1S2(), with his parents; his father bought eighty acres of good land, on Sec- 
tion 2(). township of Bruce; the same farm is now the present homestead of the subject 
of this sketch, which now consists of 185 acres of choice land, with large commodious 
dwelling house and good barns and outbuildings. A. Hovey located on thp road leading from 
Romeo to Almont. one and a half miles north of the village of Romeo. April 14, 1856, 
Mr. Albert Hovey married Eliza A. Carpenter, of Almont, Lajieer C, Mich.; she was born 
October 27, 183(), in Armada. Macomb Co.. Mich; was the daughter of Samuel and Sabria 
(Perkins) Carpenter: both her parents were natives of Rutland. Vt. ; father still living in 
Oregon. Lapeer Co.. Mich. From this marriage, there are live children living — Carson 
F.. born January 31, 1857: Elmer A.. November 15. 1858; Samuel C. February 25, 
1861; Cora B., November 28. 18(13: Lena S.. September 23, 18(>5, died June 4, 1867; 
Emma S.. June 21, 1867, died December 29, 1870; Myrtie L, May 21, 1873, all born in 
the township of Bruce, Mich. Mr. and Mrs. Hovey are members of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church. Politicallv. he is a Republican. 

FRANKLIN JONES, P. O. Romeo, was born April 24, 1851, in Bruce, Macomb 
County; he is the son of Charles and Abigail Killam Jones, the former born February 1, 
181 1, in New York, and died January 6, 1873, in Dryden, Lapeer County; the latter was 
born March 23, 1815, in Wheatland, Monroe Co., N. Y. ; her parents were natives of Penn- 
sylvania. Ml'. Jones' parents were married October 9, 1838, in Wheatland; his mother 
had eight brothers and sisters, four of whom are living; six of her seven chikh-en are 
now living; their record is as follows: Eunice L., born August 14, 1840. disd September 
24, 1846; Maria, December 4, 1842; Charles K., February 6, 1846; Emma, Mav 15,1848; 
Franklin. April 24, 1851; Evelyn, June 19, 1853; Ella A., March 23, 1855. "Mr. Jones 
was married, March 24, 1880, to Eva. daughter of Rev. Lester and Susan Clark, of May- 
iicld, Mich : the former was born in Rutland, Vt., April 22, 1883: the latter was born in 
rpper Canada May 21, 1840; they were married July 9, 1855. The parents of Rev. 
Lester Clark were Amasa Clark, who was born January 18, 1812, in Rutland, Vt. ; and 



4 



^* 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUKTY. 



Roxalana Carpenter, bora May 16, 1812, in Ira, Vt. ; they were married April 8. 1830. 
The parents of Airs. Susan Smith Clark were Albert Smith, born in New York State Feb- 
ruary 2, 1804:, and Lovina Atwell, born in the same State September 10, 1812; they were 
married January 25, 182U; Lovina Smith died September 6, 1857; Albert Smith died June 
3, 1880. The childi-eu of Rev. Lester and Susan Clark are as follows: Eva, born Mai-ch 
3, 1858; Roxie, July 26, 1860; Lovina A., November 11», 1862, died September 15, 1866: 
Jason S., February 28, 1865; Carrie Belle. March 26, 1868; Annette C. M., October 6, 
1870, died November 12, 1871; Allie May, May 25. 1SJ3; and Lester. Jr., August 5, 
1881. Mr. Jones now owns his father's homestead of 200 acres on Section lU, in a state 
of advanced improvement, with good outbuildings. The senior Jones settled in Rose. 
Oakland County, and in 1844 located in Bruce, where he passed the remainder of his life. 
Mr. Jones is a Democrat in political sentiment. 

FRED P. KILLAjr was born in Bruce Township April 10. 1853; his father. Powell 
C. Killam. and mother. Margaret Ferguson, came to Bruce Township at an early day, 
from Wheatland, Caledonia Co.. N. Y. ; his grandfather, Charles Killam, did not move to 
Michigan. In 1873, he took [wssession of 165 acres on Sections I'J and 30. previously 
purchased from Harvey Reid by Powell C. Killam. where he now makes his home. He 
married Miss Zella Partch December 14, 1875. daughter of Enos Purtch, born in Vermont, 
who settled in Michigan about 1867; and Abba (Stone) Partch, a native of New York; 
they are the parents of three children, namely: Hallie. born January 18, 18.'"; Bessie, 
born August 10, 1878; and Jessie, born November 21, 1880. Mr. Killam's grandfather 
was a soldier in the war of 1812, while Mrs. Killam's father served in the New York Vol- 
unteers during the late war, while her Grandfather Stone served in the war of 1812. 
Mrs. F. P. Killam was born September 12, 1852. 

IRA KILLAM, farmer, on Section 18, township of Bruce, Macomb Co., Mich., was 
born April 23. 1822. in Wheatland. Mom'oe County. State of New York; was the son of 
Charles and Sarah (Bingham) Killam. Both Chai-les and Sarah Killam were nati\es of 
Pennsylvania. Chai'les Killam died in May, 1859. His wife, Sarah, the mother of this 
sketch, is now living with her son Ira; is in her ninetieth year, and a remarkably well- 
preserved old lady. The subject of this came to Michigan in 1845. settled on the farm on 
which he now resides, which now consists of 32(_) acres of choice land, with good dwelling- 
house and outbuildings. Mr. Killam was married, September 20, 1847, to Christie A. 
Stewart, of Wheatland, Monroe Co., N. Y. ; she was the daughter of Donald and Christie 
Stewart; wife born December 11, 1822, in Caledonia, Livingston Co., N. Y. ; from this 
marriage, there were live childi-en, as follows — "William S. . Delia and Zelia (twins), Donald, 
Ira, Jr. Politically, is Democratic. 

ROBERT McKAY, born March 4, 1813, in Renfrewshire, Johnston, fourteen miles 
from Cxlasgow, Scotland, was son of John and Jane McKay; father born in the year 1(83; 
his wife, the mother of Robert, born in the year 1790; both born in Scotland. They came 
to America in the year 1836; landed at port of New York; came on to Michigan the same 
year, and settled in Oxford. Oakland Co.. Mich., where he piu-chased 1,300 acres of good 
land; on this land they lived till the time of their death, which occurred as follows: Fa- 
ther died July, 1861; mother, in the year 1858. They had six sons and three daughters, 
two of whom are now living. Robert, the subject of this sketch, came to .Imerica six y^ars 
previous to his parents, and spent the first thr e years in the city of Baltimore, Md., and 
three in Nashville, Tenu. : was engaged during this time in mercantile business and publish- 
" ing house; when his parents came to Michigan, he came on to meet them, and has since re- 
sided in Michigan; came to Macomb County in the year 1841; settled on the farm on 
which he now resides, which now consists of 610 acres of choice land on Section 12, with 
good dwelling-house and outbuildings. December 16, 1841. Mr. McKay married Jane 



-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Gray; from this marriage, there were five children — three daughteis and two sons — four now 
living; wife died January 24, 1861. April 24. 1805, he married Caroline M. Day, born De- 
cember 16, 183'.), in Armada, Macomb Co., Mich.; have six children living, four sons and 
two daughters. Mr. McKay is Republican in politics, he being one of the original 
Abolitionists; in the year 1842, he cast his first vote for the Abolition party, when it had only 
two anti-slavery votes in town; never cast any other than an anti-slavery vote in his life; 
has lived to see the complete triumph Of the principles he so early identified himself with 
on coming to Michigan; has always beeji a zealous worker in the temperance reform, and 
so remains to this day; was identified with the Underground Railroad, so called, and as- 
sisted many a poor slave to Canada soil to enjoy that freedom denied to them in this boasted 
land of fi'eedom; keeps 600 sheep; wheat and sheep are his specialties in farming: is 
Director in Citizens' Bank; is President of Mutual Fire Insui-ance Company of Macomb 
County. 

ROBERT N. McKAY, P. O. Romeo, son of Robert McKay and Jean (Gray), of Bruce, 
Macomb County, was born in Bruce October 15. 1S47; was married November 1, 1870, to Mary, 
daughter of B. H. Thurston, of Armada, and for three years lived on the Thurston farm; 
then bought the fai'm on which he now lives, known as the Campbell farm, on Section 24, 
in Bruce Township. This farm consisted of 120 acres, to which forty acres have been 
added. He has good buildings and tine thoroughbred stock, and has been remarkably suc- 
cessful in the cultivation of wheat, which for many years past has averaged twenty-two 
bushels per acre. Mrs. McKay was born January 26, 1846, and has two childi'en — Electa, 
born October 27, 1876, and an infant son. Mr. McKay has always voted with the Repub- 
lican party. 

JOHN C. MILLER, P. O. Almont, born September 8, 1814, in Hunter, Greene Co. , 
N. Y.; was son of William and Margaret (Bruudrige) Miller; his father was born in 
Portsmouth. England, August 14, 1763; he married Margaret Brundrige, who was born 
Dec. 2U, 1770, in Nova Scotia; they were married August 20, 1786. William Miller came 
to America about the year 1782. After their man-iage, they settled in Hunter, Greene 
Co., N. Y., where they reared a family of ten children. In the year 1833. he left Hunter 
and came on to Michigan, and settled in what is now the town of Bruce, Macomb 
County, where he took up 120 acres on Section 4, it now being the farm occupied by John 
Hagerman; the same year, he took up 160 acres on Section -4, on which he built himself 
a house and home, and where he and his wife resided till their vleath William Miller 
died March 25, 1851); Margaret died June 1, 1851. -John Miller bought his father's farm 
in the year 1837, and with him the parents resided till their death. .John has since lived 
on the farm, which, in 1882, consists of 140 acres of choice land, with good house and 
outbuildings. November 10, 1838, he married Sarah M. Cusick, of Attica, Lapeer Co. , 
Mich.; she was born June 22, 1817; had four children — John T., born October 22, 1831), 
died September 30, 1853; Ann E., born August 21, 1844; Hiram C, born October 2, 1846; 
Alice E., born May 4, 1840, now the wife of H. H. Williams, of Almont; they have two 
children — Jennie B., born May 17, 1873; Clara, born December 3, 1875. Hiram was 
married to Martha King, of Almont, December 31, 1860, and has three children- -Lizzie 
A., born February 27, 1870; Estella L., born January 1, 1874; John H., born October 
15, 1877; first wife died March 18, 1853. June 8, 1853. Mr. Miller man-ied Lydia J. 
Classon, of Almont, Lapeer Co., Mich.; wife born March 12, 1831, in Jefl'erson County, 
N. Y. ; she was the daugther of Amasa and Sabina (Red way) Closson; bad four chil- 
dren — Truman B., born August 25, 1856, died March 11, 1874; Sarah M.. born October 
21, 1858, now the wife of John H. Dodds, of Lapeer, Lapeer Co., Mich., married May 21, 
1870; Martha J., born December 24, 1862, died March 17, 1864; David P., born November 13, 
1871. l[r. Miller and wife are members of the M. E. Chiu-ch: politically, he is Re[)ublican. 






ht. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ROBERT MILLIKEN was born in Ayrshire, Scotland, February 23. 182(5; the 
family were farmei's iu that country and emigi'ated to America in 1845, whou he engaged 
as clerk in the store of Dickinson & Giddings, in Romeo, in which business he was em- 
ployed for a period of three years; in the year IS-'jO, he bought the farm on which he 
now resides, on Section 2, of Bruce. Before leaving Scotland, he was married to Jean- 
uette Smith, who died in Almont Township in the year 1847. By this marriage, there 
were two children, both of whom are deceased. He married again. July 12. 1848, to 
Ellen Hopkin. daughter of John Hopkin, of Scotland; she was born in the year 1821); 
there were seven children in all. live of whom are still living in the locality of the home- 
stead, save one. In the year 1870, Mr. M. engaged in the nursery business, in whicli he 
has gained an extensive trade, his sales amounting to $."'),000 annually, embracing both 
fi-uit and ornamental trees. He is also a breeder of fine horses and Dui'ham cattle; he 
has made his farm a fertile one. In politics, he is a Republican. 

CYRUS A. M£LLS was born iu the Province of Ontario. Canada. February 15, 1845; 
is son of George and Margaret Mills; he came to Michigan in 186U and settled at Elk 
Rapids; in 187U, he moved to Washington, Macomb County, and a year later settled in 
Bruce, where he now resides. He was married, September 26, 1871. to Emily L., daugh- 
ter of William and Sarah A. Richardson, of Elk Rapids, Mich,; they have had three chil- 
dren — Walter A., born October 28, 1873. died August 10. 1875: Alice May, November 21. 
1876; Charles E., April 27. 1878. Mr. Mills is a Republican. 

LEWIS D. OWEN, P. O. Romeo, was born August 16, 1815, in Covington, Genesee 
(now Wyoming) Co., N. Y. ; he is the son of Abijah aad Sally Davis Owen. In 1825, his 
father came to Macomb Coimty with his famil}' of live children, which number afterward 
increased to eight; they located in Shelby, known in those days as the •'Third Town," 
where his father took uj) eighty acres of Government land and remained there until his 
death, in June, 1837. Mr. Owen left home in 1831. at the age of sixteen, to make his own 
way in the world, engaging as a clerk at Utica with P. & G. Leach, remaining imtil 1833, 
when they closed their business connections, and he engaged with John James, of the 
same place, who was also a merchant there. A year later, in May. 1834, he came to Ro- 
meo and opened a stock of goods for Johnson Niles, of Troy. Oakland County ; he remained 
until June, 1835. when he went to Mi-. Niles' store in Troy, and remained oiie year with 
him. He received a proposition from his former employer. G. C. Leach, to embark in a 
business enterprise at Utica. Mr. Leach became a silent partner in the concern, managed 
under the style of Sheldon & Owen; his connection with this tirm continued for two and 
a half years. In 1837. he was married to Jane E.. daiighter of Liicy Ann and Gideon Gates, 
of Romeo, and in the fall of 1838 moved to this village. He became Deputy under his 
uncle. Calvin Davis, then High Sheriff of the county, and served in the same jjosition with 
his successor; also acted as Collector and Constable of Bruce up to June, 1S42, when he 
moved with his family upon the homestead farm in Shelby, buying out the other heirs. 
This was his first experience as a farmer since his boyhood. Here he remained for two 
years, going with his brother-in-law to manage the farm, near Romeo, of his father-in-law, 
who then moved into the village of Romeo, He resided on the place for eight years, at 
the same time conducting his own estate in Shelby, where his mother still lived. In 
1852, he sold out the property there and bought the premises of the late James Leslie, 
Jr., 120 acres, including three- fourths of the northeast quarter of Section 35, in Bruce, 
of which he still retains seventy-six acres, and where he reside.s. He cast his first Presi- 
■ dential vote for Martin Van Bm-en, in 1836. He was a Democrat until the organization 
of the Republican party in 1854, when he joined its ranks. Mrs. Owen was born iu Rich- 
mond, Ontario Co., N. Y., in May, 181(3, and died in 187U. in her sixty-fourth year. They 
had nine children — eight sons and one daughter; five sons are deceased; those living have 



±h^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the following record: L. Davis was born at Komeo January lU, 1841; Robert Dale in 
Shelby. January 80. 1843; John F., in Bruce, in March, 1856; and Rosa May. wife of 
Emanuel Coykendall. in September. 1861. Sally Davis Owen, daughter of Bela and Ruth 
Davis, was born in Hubbai'dston. Mass.. September 17, 17U1. Bela Davi:?, father of Sally, 
was th,'^ son of Eliezer and Sarah Ward Davis, who once lived in Holdeii. Mass., but w(> 
have no further record of them or their son Bela. The family record of Lewis D. and 
Jane E. Owen is as follows: They were married in Pontiac December 20, 1837; their eld- 
est son, M. Bliun Owen, born in Romeo December 23, 1838; L. Davis Owen, born in Ro- 
meo January lil, 1841; Robert Dale Owen, born in Shelby Januaiy 30. 1843; William 
Wirt Owen, born in Romeo December 12, 1S4U; Ralph K. Owen, born in Romeo January 20. 
1852; Hibbard Owen, born in Brace September 27, 1853. Lewis D. Owen, son of Abijah 
and Sally Owen, born in Covington, N. Y.. August 16. 1S15; Abijah Owen, son of Fi-ed- 
erick and Peggy Owen, at Orwell, Vt.. November 11, 17'.t2; Frederick Owen, born at Tol- 
land. Conn.. Febroary 27, 1752; Peggy Hibbard Owen, born in Windom. Conn.. Septem- 
ber 16, 1757; Jane E. Gates Owen, daughter of Gideon and Lucy Gates, born in Victor. 
N. Y., May 7, 1816; Gideon Gates, son of Aiu'on and Elizabeth Gates, born June 2'.t. 178'.*; 
Lucy Gates, daughter of Jonathan and Honor Blinn. born May 22. 17il2; M'ilbur B. 
Gates, son of Gideon and Lucy Gates, born December 1, 1813; Jane E. Gates, daughter 
of Gideon and Lucy Gates, born May 7. 1816, in Victor, N. Y. ; John B. Gates, son of 
Gideon and Lucy Gates, was born October 6, 1818; Martha Gates, daughter of Gideon 
and Lucy Gates, born July 0, 1821. The following is the military record of Mr. Owen's 
three soldier sons; L. Davis Owen was private in Company B, Fifth Michigan Volunteer 
Infantry; mustered into service in August, 1861. at Fort Wayne. Mich., under Hemy D. 
Ferry. Colonel, and Judson S. FaiTar. Captain, both of Mt. Clemens; arrived at the seat 
of war in Virginia in September following; being assigned to the Army of the Potomac, 
was engaged in all the battles of the Peninsula, commanded by Gen. McClellan, also par- 
ticipated in the battle of Bull Run No. 2, under Gen, Pope, and at Fredericksburg, under 
Bm-nside. and at Chancellorsville. under Gen. Hooker, and Mead, at Gettysbm-g. as well 
as all the subsequent battles and military' movements engaged iu by the Anny of the Poto- 
mac, including the battle of the Wilderness, the whole number amounting to not less than 
twenty-five or thirty, and. during the three-years' service, in many of the hardest battles, 
and received no injiu-y fm-ther than a slight wound upon the eyebrow from a spent ball, 
which had struck a limb overhead and glanced downward; was mustered out of service the 
23d of August. 1864. at camp near Petersburg. Va. M. Blimi Owen, now deceased, at the 
time the war broke out was a resident of New York City, and was a member of the Seventh 
New York Militia Regiment, who were called to Washington by the President in June, 

1861. to guard the capital, and were encamped on Arlington Heights for six weeks, then 
returned to New York, and, in the fall received a captain's commission from the Governor 
of Pennsylvania, and raised a company for the Fifty-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteer In- 
fantry, which were assigned to the same division to which his brother, L. Davis, belonged, 
and served during the Peninsular campaign, but soon thereafter resigned his commission. 
he having received so severe a shock from the bursting of a shell that he regarded his 
physical condition as inadequate to the hardships of a soldier's life, and his death, although 
it did not occur until some years after that, was j)robably to be attributed to the injury 
then received. Robert Dale Owen enlisted under Lieut. William Hulsheart, and A. M. 
Keeler. Captain, in Com2)any B, Twenty second Michigan "\'olunteer Infantry. August U, 

1862, at Pintiac. which regiment was assigned to the Army of the Cumberland, the seat of 
their operations being confined mainly to Tennessee and Georgia, being at the surrender 
of Atlanta; but he was more generally detailed as teamster or wood-chopper, and was 
sometimes sent to Washington with lunatics; therefore, he was not much engaged in bat- 



V*l®~ 



'i^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tie. but from the kick of a mule received a breach, for which he now receives a half -pen- 
sion; was mustered out of service in June, 1865, at Nashville, Tenn. 

GEORGE H. PALMERLEE, son of Lucius and Louisa (Stone) Palm.<rlee, was born 
June 22, 1S47. He has always remained upon the homestead, receiving the educa- 
tion aflbrded by the school of the district and the academy at Romeo; married, June 
1, 1871, to Alice M., daughter of E. S. Snover, of Romeo; she was born at Romeo December 
5, 1849; their children are George H., Jr., born May II, 1872; Emma Ct., born May 0, 
1874. Mi's. Palmerlee died October lU, 1875. The homestead consists of 175 aci-es, in 
tine state of cultivation, with all things needed for a successful business. He is a meia- 
ber of the Congregational Chiu-eh of Romeo, and in politics is Republican. 

HEMAX PALMERLEE, deceased, P. O. Romeo, was born in Litchfield. Conn., and 
his wife in Goshen, in 1786; they lived in Granville, Washington Co., N. Y. , eighteen 
years after they were mairied; in Erie. Penn. , one and a half years; and now, in 1882, 
his farm has been the home of the Palmerlees for fifty years. They were blessed with 
ten children, all of them living to grow up to manhood and womanhood. They came into 
Bruce with eight of their family, the oldest daughter being married and living in Gran- 
ville, and Joseph, the oldest son, remaining with her until the next spring, and in the au- 
tumn, the sister, with her family, arrived at the new home in Bruce. All were having a 
gay time when the accidental discharge of a gun hushed their sport by killing Joseph. Mi\ 
Heman Palmerlee held the office of Justice of the Peace and Postmaster a number of 
years. He was a man of strict integi'ity, but not a member of any church; his wife was a 
member of the Congi'egational Chirrch. He died in 1851*; his wife, the 2yth of December, 
187U. Amos Palmerlee, the youngest son, still lives at the old home; he was born in 
Granville, Washington Co., N. Y., in 1826; was married, at the age of twenty-seven, to 
Mary Kidder, who lived with him six years, and left one son, Charles Sumner; he was 
married again, in 1860, to Clara, daughter of James R. and Adelia Makepeace Taylor; the 
foimer was born in Westtield, Mass., in 1811, and died March 28, 1880; the latter was 
born in West Brooklield. Mass., April 5, 1815, and died November 4, 1859. Mr. and 
Mrs. Palmerlee have seven children — Mary, Adelia, Alva M. , Martha, Knight L., Amos B., 
Clara B., Heman Viek. 

LrCIUS PALMERLEE, son of Heman and Nancy (Brooks) Palmerlee, natives of 
Litchfield. Conn.; was born November 20, J818; his father was born in Connecticut Sep- 
tember 21, 1786; removed to Macomb May 7. 1832; settled on Section 14, Bruce, and 
died September 5, 1859; his mother was born August 4, 1786. and died in Romeo Decem- 
ber 30. 1879. The subject of this sketch remained with his parents and attended the 
schools of his native place till coming of age; and for six years afterward made that his 
home, when he moved to the farm on Section 14, which has from that time been his home. 
He was man'ied, November 20, 1845, to Louisa, daughter of Solomon Stone, of the town 
of Richmond; she was born in Blonroe County, N. Y. , October 22, 1N18; her parents were 
pioneers of Macomb County. The only child of this marriage was George H. , born June 
28, 1847. living on the homestead. Mrs. Palmerlee was educated in the schools of her 
native county, and also had the advantage of Gaines Academy, Orleans Co., and the ISIon- 
roe Female Seminary. She is one of the pioneer teachers of the county, having taught 
two years in Macomb, and eight years previous to coming to the State. ]Mi'. Palmerlee 
is also an old teacher, a man of literary tastes and acquirements, and a ])rosperous 
farmer; in form of worship he is a Congregationalist; and in politics he is a Democrat. 
, Mrs. Palmerlee is a member of the Congregational Church of Romeo. 

JA:MES PARKER was born at Hartford, Mass.. June 17, 1788, and removed to Ma- 
comb County in 1830, and located a farm on Section 24, on which he lived to the time of 
death, which took place January 18, 1861. Mrs. Parker was a daughter of James Adams, 



rpv* 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



of Rutland, Vt, and second cousin to John Quincy Adams; she still lives on the homestead 
and is remembered by the old settlers as a kind-hearted and benevolent person, a valuable 
nvu'se in all cases of want or sicijness. far and neai\ and a conscientious. Christian 
woman. Mr. Parker was a jovial, generous-hearted man. full of kind words and deeds 
and remembered with the kindest of feeling. They had ten children, all but one born 
in Ontario County. N. Y. . six of whom are still living. 

ALBERTUS A. PIERSON was born June 14, 1S2S, in Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y.; is 
a son of Joseph and Rachel Dunham Pierson, the former born in Darbj', Conn. . May 4, 
1780, and died in February, ]86iS; his grandfather, Joseph Pierson, was a Revolutionary 
soldier, born February 18, 1754; his wife was born July 21. 1756. Mr. Pierson settled 
in Armada, Mich., in 1855; in October, 18()2. he returned to the State of New York, and, 
seven years later, settled in Bruce, Mich., buying 107 acres of land on Section 10; he has 
a good farm, with every evidence of being a ])rosperous, thrifty Michigan farmer: his 
buildings are in good order, and everything about the place is well regulated. He was 
married. September 15, 1853, to Mary A., daughter of Jeremiah and Rebecca (irinnell, of 
Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y. : she was born October 31, 1833, in Grove, Allegany Co., N. 
Y. Mr. and Mrs. Pierson had ten chikh-en — Flora R. , born July 28, 1855; George A., 
September 20, 1857; Charlie A., April 30, 1850, died October 8, 1864; Ida M.. May 25. 
18(31: Ruby E., Jime 1, 1863; Marv C„ August 13, 1865: Emma A., June 20, 1867; Clar- 
ence A., July 6, 1870: Wallace B.", November 15, 1872; Alice A., September 20. 1874. 
Mrs. Pierson died October 23, 1S74. in Bruce Township. Mr. Pierson was married again, 
April 10, 1877. in Ciolden, Oceana Co., Mich., to Betsey, daughter of Anson and Ann 
Jewell Patch, in Golden. She was born July 31, 1830, in Ray Township. Both Mr. and 
Mrs. Pierson are Baptists in religious sentiment. He has held the office of Road Com- 
missioner, and is a Republican in jwlitics. 

WILLIAM H. POOL, born in Ashtield, Mass., Januaiy 0, 1808. He. with his wife, 
Irena Smith Pool, born in Williamstown, N. Y., January 28, 1810, and family of five children 
moved from Niagara County, N. Y., to Bruce Township. Macomb Co.. Mich., in 1848, hav- 
ing recently jiurchased the farm known as the Seward Walter farm, on which he still lives; 
Mrs. Pool having died May 5, 1878, beloved and mourned by her family and friends, 
having proved herself a kind companion, a loving mother, a friend to the needy: she was 
sister to Aratus Smith, the well-known Supervisor of Washington Township. Achish 
Pool, Sr., father of William H. Pool, was born in Ashfield, Mass., August 27. 1776, serv- 
ing in the war of 1812; his wife, Susannah Hersey Pool, was born in Massachusetts Sep- 
tember 28, 1783. They selected them a home in Lewiston, N. Y.. about 1810, and, though 
they were driven off by the British and Indians, retui'ned and remained there while they 
lived, Mr. Pool reaching the age of soventy-six; Mrs. Pool, eighty-eight. The home- 
stead is still owned by their descendants. 

ABRAM TEN"BR0ECK POWELL, deceased, was born in Springtield, Otsego 
Co., N. Y., December 23, 1803; he was the sou of Archibald and Sarah Ten Broeck 
Powell; the former was born in 1763. and was a carriage-builder by trade, and died Sep- 
tember 8, 1836; the latter was bora February 22, 1766. and died February 27, 1855. The 
mother of Archibald Powell was of Scotch and Iri.sh descent; the Powells were of En- 
glish origin. The ancestors of the mother of Abram Powell were fi-om Holland. Her 
mother's family name was Vaness, and she had two brothers, Wassel and George, and one 
sister, Nellie. Archibald Powell and his wife were married February 0, 1702, and had 
three sons and three daughters — Elizabeth, Mrs. Isaac Skillman; Maria, Mrs. Isaac An- 
derson; Anna, Mrs. Moses Freeman; Isaac, Abram and George. They moved from Otsego 
County to Mendon, Monroe Co., N. Y., and in 1827 located in Washington, Macomb Co., 
Mich., where they passed the remainder of their lives. In the spring of 1826, Abram T, 






'44^ 



Powell came to Michigan with Isaac Skillman: returned to New York in the fall; was 
married to Calista Rose December 25, 1866, and, the following spring, moved to Michi- 
gan, locating in Washington, thi'ee miles east of Romeo. His wife died August 21, 1827, 
and he was married in August. 1832, to Hannah H., daughter of Samuel Pelton, of New 
York. She had two brothers, Samuel and Edwin, and one sister, Angeline. A daugh- 
ter, Sarah C, was born June IT), 1833, and Mrs. Powell died the following July T). Mr. 
Powell was married, «AugiTst 21, 1834, to Sai-ah A., daughter of Joseph A. and Phcebe 
Wellman Field, born September 6, 1812. in East Guilford. New Haven Co.. Conn. Her 
father, son of Joseph Field, was born in the same place; his brothers were Wickham, 
John. Nathan. Joshua and Harvey; his sisters. Hannah Crittenden. Louie Kelsie. Sal- 
lie Merrill. Esther Parish and Ann Turner. Mr. Field was a ^hip carpenter; his father 
moved from Connecticut to Bergen. Genesee Co.. N. Y. . in 1812, where he died. Phcebe 
Wellman was born December 2. 1771. in Killingsworth. Middlesex Co.. Conn.; she had 
five brothers and three sisters ^Zadoc, John. Joaathan. David and Horace. Hannah Davis 
Betsey Cramton, and Jemima; she was married to Joseph A. Field in 17Uri; they had six 
children — Elias. Horace. Joseph. Betsey Patterson. Clarissa Judson and Sarah A. Powell. 
Mrs. Field died in East Guilford. Conn., in January. 1830. Sarah A. Field went from 
Connecticut to Brockjiort. N. Y.. to live with her brother. Horace. In September. 1833. 
she came with her brother Elias to Bruce, where she was married to Abram T. Powell. 
The latter bought a farm on Section 7. in Bruce, and took possession of it the following 
year; he made additions to it until he owned 820 acres, all of which, except sixty acres. 
is still in the possession of his children; he died at his residence in the town of Bruce 
September G, 1873. of paralysis. The following is the record of Mr. Powell's children. 
Sarah C. the only child of his first wife, was born June 1">. 1833, and married. Febru- 
ary 23. 1853, to Wesle) Miller; they have had live children — Edwin S.. born January 23, 
1854; James A.. August 15, 1855; Hannah. April 15. 1858; Anna P.. July 6, 1862; Ca- 
lista, November 23. 1868. died March 4. 186U. Joseph, born July 25. 1835. married. 
October 21, 1860. Lucinda Hosner: they have had six children — Marv E.. born June 23. 
1863, died September 27. 1863; Elsworth. June 27. 1864; Ezra A.. June 19. 1S67: Clark, 
June 4. 1872; Fred. January U. 1876: and Neil. June 16. 1860. Ai-chibald Powell was 
born Se])tember 22. 1837: was married. June 6. 1860. to Sarah L. Hosner; they have 
three children — Abram Ten Broeck. born February 23. 1861; Lizzie. May 5, 1865; and 
Hugh H. , October 6. 1872, Hannah M. was born April 5. 1840. and married, Septem- 
ber 20. 1858. to Abram Skillman: they have two children — Alice, born June 23. 1862; 
and Fred. March 2. 1N68; Abram C. was born October 7, 1842; he enlisted in the First 
Michigan Cavalry. Compam' A. in Augiist, 1861; went with his regiment to Washington, 
D. C. where he died December 13. 1861. Anna E. was born June 21. 1844. and mar- 
ried. July 19, 1861, to John F. Hagaman; they have had three children — A. Powell, born 
September 24. 186U; Carl. February 27. 1875. died March 27, 1875; John Bert Frederic, 
October 7. 1876. Caroline L. Powell was born May 5. 1851. 

NEIL GRAY REID. son of William and Mary (Gray) Reid, natives of Ayi-shire, 
Scotland, was born in Bruce Township January 14. 1841; he attended school in his native 
town and aided his father on the farm until becoming of age, except six mouths spent in 
a select school at Birmingham, Mich., and one term spent in District No. 10, Armada, 
Mich., as teacher; in 1862, he bought the farm known as the Jesse Bishop farm, on Sec- 
tion 12, in Bruce Township, where he still resides; to the original purchase he has added 
seventy acres; he was married. September 9, 1863, to Annie, daughter of John Hopkins, 
a native of Scotland: she was born in Almont Township, Lapeer County, October 21. 
1841: three children were born — Mary G. , born May 14, 1864; Jennie H. , September 
21, 1866; Annie E. J.. July 22. 1871. The parents of Mrs. R. emigrated from the old 



A 



country in 1833, and the father still lives near Almont at the age of eighty-five years; 
her mother died in 1S()8. The parents of Mr. R. came from Scotland at an early day, 
and his father still lives in Brvice Township; his mother died in the year ISTjlJ. Mr. R. 
is a prosperous and successful farmer, makes the raising of wheat a specialty, in which 
he has met with remarkable success, and his average crop for some years has lieen twenty- 
two bushels per acre; he has line outbuildings and a fertile farm; a member of the Pres- 
byterian Church, and a Republican in politics. 

AVILLIAM REID, a farmer, native of Scotland, was boru in Ayrshire, Scotland, in 
April, 1814; was a farmer in the old country and emigrated to America in 1883, stopping 
a short time in New York State; thence to Ohio about one year; thence to Macomb, in 
183."); in 1836, he bought land in Lapeer County, which he kept about two years and then 
sold this, and then bought in the eastern portion of same county; this he soon sold and set- 
tled on Section 12, Bruce Township, in 1831), which is his present home. He was mar- 
ried, in the year 183U, to Mary (Iray, daughter of Neil Gray, of Scotland; she was born 
in Scotland in 180U, and came to America with the Gray family in 1832: their children 
were Neil G. , born January 14, 1841; Joseph, December 21, 1842, oi'dained as a Presby- 
terian minister, and died while mini.stering to the church at Vassar, Mich., September ll. 
1877; William H.. February 1, 1847, a farmer of Macomb. Mrs. R. died June 17, 
185^; he married again October 27, 18()2, Annie Borland, born in Scotland June 21), 
1828; their children are Thomas B., bom September U, 1863; John L.. September 20, 
186(); James H., July 30, 1873. Mr. Reid has cleared his farm from a state of nature to 
one of gi'eat fertility, and has surrounded himself with all the comforts of life; he is a 
member of the Presbyterian Church of the Scotch settlement; also his wife for many 
years. He is a Republican in politics. Mi's. Reid's mother was born in Ayrshire, Scot- 
land, in October, 1801, and lives with her daughter; her husband died in Scotland in 
1841. 

WILLIAM H. REID was born February 1, 1847, in Bruce, Macomb County, Mich.; 
was the sou of William and Mary (Gray) Reid; father born in Ayrshire, Scotland; his 
wife Mary was boru in Ayr.shire, Scotland, April 211, 180U; died Jime 17, 18,")',), in Bruce, 
Macomb County, Mich. Mary Reid's parents, Neil and Mary Gray, cauie from Scotland 
in the year 1832, and settled in what is now Bnice, the same yeai', on Section 
11, where they lived till the time of their death. October 6, 1864, William Reid, the sub- 
ject of this sketch, mai-ried for his wife Janet A. Reside; wife born May 4, 1844, in the 
township of Bruce, and on the same farm on which she now resides; she was the daughter 
of James and Margaret (Gray) Reside; both her parents were natives of Ayrshire, Scot- 
land, the father born in the year 178il, died November 14, 1859, in Bruce; mother born 
December 8. 1804; she died October 12, 1868, in Bruce. Mr. and Mi-s. Reid have hve 
children living — William J., born August 14, 186-"); James M., December 30, 186(5; Robert 
G., December 27, 1868; Neil E., April 24, 1871; Janet A., December 28, 1872. Both Mr. 
and Mrs. Reid and their three oldest sons are members of the United Presbyterian Church. 
He is a Republican, politically. Mr. Reid is now on the homestead of his wife's parents, 
on Section 1, which now consists of 27-"") acres of choice land, with good dwelling-house 
and outbuildings. Mr. Reid is in a limited way engaged in breeding thoroughbred Short- 
Horn Durham cattle. 

JOHN R. ROBERTSON was born in Ayrshire, Scotland, November 3, 1830; emigrated 
from Scotland in June, 1S33 and settled in the " Scotch settlement " in the edge of Lapeer 
County, where he lived about live years. In 1838, he bought land in Bruce, on Section 
2, and made it his home. The father died on this farm in l8.")2; the mother died in 1840. 
The subject of this sketch remained at home and came into possession of the homestead, 
and has made it a very productive farm. He married, in November, l8r)4, Sarah, daugh- 



vn<» ^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COU^^TY. 



ter of Andrew Braidwood, of Connecticut; she was born in Scotland in 18:56. Her fatLer 
died in Connecticut. They have had a family of eight children, seven of whom are living 
and at home. Mi'. Robertson is a farmer, as were his ancestors in the mother country. 

CHARLES A. SCHANCK, P. O. Romeo, was born August 7, 1843, in Bruce, Macomb 
County; he is the son of David and Ellen (Sutphen) Schanck; his parents were born in 
Monmouth Coimty. N. J., respectively December 1. 1798. and October fi. 1807: they died 
in Bruce January 21, ISfi?, and November 17, 187B. William and Anna Sutphen, Mr. 
Schanck's gi-andparents, were natives of New Jersey; the latter was born about 1783, in 
Monmouth County, and died in Wayne County. Mich., November 24, 18")3; the former died 
September 7, 1847, in Macomb County. Mich. David Schanck went from New Jersey to 
Wayne Coixnty and Monroe County, in New York, where he spent several yeai-s, and, 
about 1834. came to Michigan and settled in Washtenaw County; eight years later, he 
located in Bruce, Macomb Coimty. He and his wife were mai-ried in W^ayne County, N. 
Y.. and had eleven children, ten of whom are now living, born as follows: Jane. February 
26, 182(5; Mary. March 30. 1828. died October 10, LS2'.t; John. January SI, 1830; Martha 
A., September6. 1831 ; Elizabeth. June It, 1833; William H., Jime 2, 1835: George, Febru- 
ary 10. 1^38: Ally M., March 3, 1839; Sarah A., September 14, 1841; Charles A., August 
7, 1843; Lydia D.. May 22, 184--). W^hen David Schanck settled in Bruce, he boiight 
eighty acres of land on Section 30, and afterward purchased sixty-five acres across the 
road on Section 19, where the dwelling stands in is^hich he died. The homestead is now 
owned by Mr. Schanck of this sketch, who has made an addition of eighty acres, making 
an aggregate of 195 acres of first-class farming land. He was maiTied, October 1, 1873, 
to Celia, daughter of Joseph and Julia (Lloyd) Ketcham. of Bruce; the former waa a na- 
tive of New York and lives in Laingsburg, Mich. ; the latter died about seventeen years 
ago. Mrs. Schanck was born March 11, 1851. in Connecticut; she is the mother of two 



born September 12. 18 < 4. and Vernon J., July 18, 1876. Mr S. is u 
•rnal grandfather was Tunis Schanck. born July 27. 1770, and died 



childi-en — David V., bori 

Democrat. His maten 

September 3. 1806; his wife, A.Vandevere, was born August 12. 1777. and died October 22, 

1826: they were married December 13, 1792. 

HIRAM SHERMAN was born March 9, ISIO. in Greenfield. Sai-atoga Co.. N. Y.: _was 
the son of Levi and Prudence (Denison) Sherman; his father was born in Januaiy, 17S0, 
probably in the State of New York; died, in 1819. in Richmond. Ontario Co., N. Y. ; his 
wife. Prudence, was born in Stonington. Conn.. April 27, 1786; she died February 8. 
1873. in Bruqe, Macomb Co., Mich. Levi Sherman and Prudence Denison were married 
April 2. 1809, in Saratoga County. N. Y. Caleb Sherman, father of Levi Sherman, was 
born jirobably in Rhode Island: his wife Mary was born about the year 1752. probably in 
New York; she died December. 1841. in Greenfield. Saratoga Co., N. Y. Hiram Sherman 
was married to Mrs. Mary W. Harris, of Almont, November 11. 1851 ; Mrs. Sherman ^'as 
born July 21, 1812, in Pittsford, Monroe Co., N. Y.; she was the daughter of Solomon and 
Martha Clai-k Stone. Solomon Stone was born in Halifax, Vt., and died in Richmond, 
Macomb Co., Mich., February 3. 1853; his wife was born in Stonington, Conn., and died 
in Pittsford, Monroe Co., N."Y. in 1814, the same year as the birth of her daughter Mary, 
who is now Mi's. Sherman, the subject of this sketch. Elias Stone, grandfather of Mr. 
Sherman, was a soldier of the Revolutionary war, and died in Pittsford, Mom-oe Co., N. 
Y., about the year 1S15. Mi-. Sherman settled in Michigan in 1836; has held the office of 
Justice of the Peace, and also the office of Supervisor. Mr. and Mi-s. Sherman are mem- 
bers of the Congregational Chm'ch, of Almont. Lapeer Co., Mich. 

ANDREW J. SIKES was born May 19, 1829, at Granville, Washington Co.. N. Y. : 
his ])areuts, Salmon and Betsey (Crippeu) Sikes, were both natives of the same county; 
his mother died when he was eight years old, and he stayed in his native place until March 
47 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



19, 1852, when he started for California in search of gold, and sailed from the city of 
New York April 1, 1852, in the ship Empire, via Cape Horn. The passage consumed 135 
days and they reached San Francisco August 13, 1852. He remained in the Golden 
State until May 20, 1857; engaged in mining all the time save three months. At the date 
named, he took steamer for New York: his father had died in 1855, and the family were 
scattered. He spent four weeks there and decided to come West, having a brother at Ro- 
meo; he arrived here August 1, 1857. and found a number of relatives and concluded to 
remain and invest his money. He was married. November 23. 1858, to Sarah C. , daugh- 
ter of Jonas Crisman. and the next spring bought a farm of 234 acres on the western out- 
.skirts of Komeo, also ten acres of timber four miles southeast of the village. He is chiefly 
engaged in farming, and has also been Treasurer of the Macomb County Insurance Com- 
pany since its organization, in 1876; has also been connected with the County Agricult- 
ural Society for sixteen years; has been Treasurer eight years and one of the Board of 
Directors eight years; has been sexton of the Romeo Cemetery three years, and a member 
of the First Baptist Church since April. 1858 ; has been Clerk of the church since June, 1858. 
He oast his first L-'residential vote for James Buchanan while in California. His farm 
is in an advanced state of improvement and finely located for a residence. His habits of 
good taste and order add much to the natural advantages of his place, and the general ap- 
pearance is apjjreciated bv the public. Mr. and Mrs. Sikes have one daughter living — 
Hattie H., born March 7. 1872: a son— Willie \V. born July 20.1860, died June 13, 1876. 

JOHN SMITH. Jr.. was born in Lancashire, England, of Scotch parentage, June 17, 
1828; is a son of John and Anna Smith, and came to America with his parents in 1837. 
and with them settled at Hudson. N. Y.. where he went to work in the Calico Print 
Works for about two and two-thirds years, and then engaged in the same business at 
North Adams. Mass., for two and a Ijalf years; from there, in the fall ef 1842, went to 
Lake County, III. to work on a farm for twenty months, and came from there here in 
1844, his father having bought a farm on Sections 15 and I'i. in Bruce, upon which he 
went to work, eighty acres of which he now owns. He was married, in March. '1854, to 
Nancy A. Black, of Bruce, and, for about one year, lived in Texas; in March, 1855, 
bought 130 acres of the farm he now lives on; has since, at various times, bought 270 
acres in addition, making 480 acres in one body; he has about 700 acres of other lands in 
Michigan; in 1863, he became a stockholder in the First National Bank of Romeo, and 
still remains so; was one of its Directors until 1874, when he helped organize the Citi- 
zens' National Bank, of Romeo, of whicn he has been a Director and Vice President since 
that time, but residing on his farm, on Section 3. about six miles from Romeo: his wife 
died in October, 1855. and left him with four children — Agnes M., born Jamiary 5, 
1858; Florence N. , January 26, 18(51: Edward J., June 25, 1866: Philip Cameron, June 
18, 186<). 

OBED SMITH, Sr. His wife's father was born at Ashfield. Mass., .\pril 6. 1770: 
with his wife, Rhoda Sears Smith, born at Yarmouth. Mass., in May, 1771, moved about 
IN 12 to Lewiston. N. Y., remaining in that vicinity during their life. The live children 
of William H. and Irena S. Pool were all born in Lewiston, N. Y. Achish Pool. March 
3. 1830. married (jertrude S. Tillson. of Romeo. Mich.. November 25. 1858; are now 
living in Buffalo County. Neb. Aratus S. Pool was born January 11, 1832; married Per- 
melia A. Hosner. of Bruce. Mich.. M;u-ch 27. 1856. now living at Romeo. Mich. Will- 
iam H. Pool, born March 17. 1844, married Eva Hoyt Williams, at Oil City, Pt:nn.. July 
11. 1872, now living in Buffalo County, near Kearney. Neb.; B. F. Pool. September 2'.(, 
1N37; and Hattie M. Pool. March 12, 1846. still reside with their father on the home- 
stead, unmarried. William H. Pool participated in Navy Island troubles, which manv in 
Macomb County remember. The Methodist Church is and has been the family chm-ch. 



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SAMUEL B. SPENCER, P. O. Romeo, was boru June 2. 1807, in Springiielfl, Otsego 
Co.. X. Y. : be is the sou of Ai'uold aud Laviua Speucer. the former a native of Couuecti- 
eut and the hitter of New York: they came to Michigan in 1S34 aud settled iu Washing- 
ton. Macomb County, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Mr. Spencer's pa 
ternal grandfather was a soldier in the Revolution, and was present at the siu'render of 
Cornwallis at Y'^orktown. Mr. Spencer came to Michigan in l.SSH and settled in Washing- 
ton, where he bought 1"2(1 acres of Government land with John Hosner, and about a year 
after the purchase, the latter sold his half, and Mr. Spencer added eighty acres to his 
possessions; nearly fifteen years later, he sold out aud piu-chased 280 acres of land on 
Sections 16 and 17, in Brace; the deed is dated in ISIS: this land is under tne best of 
cultivation and has a good dwelling, commodious barns and other accessory buildings. 
Mr. S. was married, August fi, 1835, to Lucena Graves, of Batavia. X. Y'. : she was born 
November 25. 1S14: they have had tivo children two of whom are living; their record is as 
follows: William R., borfi November 26. 1886, now resides in Jackson, Grundy Co., Mo., 
engaged iu farming; he enlisted iu the First Michigan Cavalry and served for four years: 
he lost his right arm at Petersburg and was discharged in July following; Lucena was 
born November 21. 1838. and died in infancy: Lucian H.. boru December 15. 1839, enlisted 
August 18, 1862. in the Fifth Michigan Cavalry aud served until June 11. 1864, when he 
was taken prisoner at Trevilian's Station, Va., transported to Libby Prison, Richmond, 
Va., thence to Andersonville and Milieu. Ga., and finally to Florence, S C. : he was taken 
very ill with fever and was prostrated when the order came for the transfer of every man 
who eoiild walk to the cars to be sent toGoldsboro, N. C. Oscar Wood (see sketch) refused 
to leave his helpless comrade and townsman, but was di'iven by a guard of armed rebels 
to the waiting train; no further intelligence was ever received from the brave Lueiau H. 
Spencer, whose memory is held most sacred by the friends of his youth aud the com- 
panions of his sulferings for the integrity of his country's flag; Luciuda S., born March 8. 
1842, died December 13, 1855; Adelia E., November II, 1846. now Mrs. John A. Robinson, 
of Jackson. Grundy Co., Mo. Mrs. Spencer died September 3, 1854. Mr. S. was mar- 
ried again, September 13. 1855, to Mary J. Meeker, of Bruce, who died in the summer 
of 1866. Mr. S. w.as again man-ied. March 12, 1867, to Julia E. Miller, of Dryden. La- 
peer Co.. Mich. : she is the daughter of James and Elizabeth Miller, and was born July 
31. 1836. in Greene County, N. Y. Mr. S. is a Republican in iiolitics: both himself aud 
wife are members of the M. E. Church. 

A. D. TAYLOR, sou of John Taylor and Phebe Leech, was born at Mendon. N. Y., 
in 1831; his father, John Taylor, was born in Deertield, Mass., June 30, 17112; his grand- 
father, Rev. John Taylor, was born at Westfield, Mass.. in 1762, graduated at Y^ale Col- 
lege in 1784, was pastor of the Congregational Church of Deerfield nineteen years. Los- 
ing his voice in 1802, when as missionary to the Indians iu Northern New York, he 
removed to Enfield, and from thence to Mendon, N. Y'., where he was for several years ac- 
tive in the ministry; in 1832, at the age of seventy, he removed with his sou John to 
Michigan: h,is father. Sir. E. Taylor, served the State many years aud died on his way to 
the Legislature of Massachusetts: his grandfather. Rev. Edward Taylor, left England for 
America iu 16''\ on account of the sufferings of the dissenting clergy, after the restora- 
tion of Charles II: he was the first pastor of the Congregational Chxu'ch at Westfield. 
Mass., ministering for nearly sixty yeai-s and helping also to carry the young colony 
through the perilous wars of King Philip. Mr. Sibley's second volume of "Harvard's 
Graduates" contains a full account of him. After having purchased a tract of laud five 
miles from Romeo, where Mr. N. T. Taylor was already located, John Taylor began to 
develop the resources of the wilderness, where he made their novr home. The Rev. John 
Taylor soon gathered the people of the neighborhood to that home for divine service. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



and there helped to foi-m the Brvice and Armada CongTegational Church, of which he was 
pastor until the time of his death, December 20, 1M4(); his wife, whose maiden name was 
Eliz.Lhi'th Terry, died September 16, 1848, at eighty-two years of age; his son, John Tay- 
lor, was married iu Lima, N. Y., to Phebe Leech, May 30, 1827; their children were: M. 
E. Taylor, born March 5. 1S28, and who lives at home; A. D. Taylor, was born July 1, 
IS;]1, he was married to Lucy M. Ayer, of Romeo, Mich., in 1804, and they also live upon 
the home farm; Martha M. Taylor," born September 20, 183S, died July'll, 1853 Mr, 
John Taylor was actively engaged in all the interests of his neighborhood, and was Deacon 
of the cliiu-ch of Bruce, continuing so until the time of his death. May 21, 1865. Mrs. 
T. died January 14, 1877. The children of A D. Taylor are Martha Lyon Taylor, born 
June 10, 1867, "and Mavy Elizabeth Taylor, born June 12, 1875. 

JAMES THOMPSON (deceased), familiarly known as " Scotcb Thompson." resided on 
the county line; was l)orn iu Ayrshire, Scotland, about 1803; emigrated to America in 1834, 
and bought laud on the county line, which was his home until 187'), when he removed to 
Almout Village, where he died in March, 1881. He was a printer of calico in the city of 
Kilmarnock, and worked at that business in the city of Philadeljihia a short time; he was 
never married; he was something of an artist and a poet, rather inclining to the terrible 
in imagination and description; he was a great lover of line horses, and made the breeding 
of them a specialty: his peculiarities of disposition and erratic temperament often made 
trouble with his neighbors. At the time of his death, Hardier Hospital, of the city of De- 
troit, received a benetit of more than $10,000. 

JOHN 0. THOMPSON, P. O. Romeo, farmer of Bruce Township, was born in Ca- 
yuga County, N. Y., June 29, 1845; his father, Jarvis Thompson, born iu Cayuga County. 
N. Y., in 1820, removed to Macomb in 1857, and died iu Bruce Township iu 1865, April 
'•I; his mother. Alma Eldridge, of the same county, resides in Romeo at the age of fifty- 
three years. John C. remained at home, and, on the death of his father, bought the farm 
known as the Prentice place, in Bruce, and remained on it six years; he then went to the 
homestead, on Section 25, Bruce, where he has since resided. He was married, Sejitember 
27, 1865, to Phebe, daughter of Russell Day; she was born May 22, 1848; the childi-en of 
this marriage are Myrtle May, born November 27, 1870; Hattie, December 21), 1873. 
Mr. T. is a successful farmer and breeder of Merino sheep; a history of his flock is fouud 
in the agricultui'al chapter of this work; he is a member of the Board of Directoi's of the 
Macomb County Agricultm'al Society, a member of the Vermont Merino Sheep Breeders' 
Association; also of that of the State of Michigan, and the Sheep Breeders" and Wool 
Growers' Society of Macomb County; also a member of the A, O. U. W. ; in form of wor- 
ship, he is a Baptist. 

JAMES ^VEED THORINGTON was born October 15, 1,S3'.>. iu ^^"ashington. Macomb 
Co., Mich. ; is the son of Elijah and Lydia Thorington; his father was born iu Canada in 
1801); his mother was born in Monroe County. N, Y., in 1818, and died in Washington, 
Mich , iu March, 1868, Mr. Thorington is engaged in agricultm-e and owns 140 acres of 
choice laud on Sections 33 and 34, and good dwellings and commodious barns and out- 
buildings; he is extensively^ eugaged iu raising Spanish sheep, bred from the famous 
Taylor flock, of Macomb County, and from that of L. P. Lusk. of New York; by careful 
altentiou to breeding and giving sheep the best of care summer and winter. Mr, T. ex- 
hibits a fiock second to few, if any. in the State. He was married, February 6. 1861, to 
Miss Martha, daughter of James and Roxauna Leslie Starkweather; she was born March 
23, 1841, and died February 10, 1803; was again married, March 10, 1864, to Maria S., 
sister of his former wife, born March 5, 1843; thev have an adopted son — Lean H. . born 
April 2. 1874. Both Mr. and Mivs. T. belong to the M. E. Church, of Romeo. Mr. T. is 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



a temperance man in principles and action, voting only for candidates for office of de- 
clared temperance proclivities. 

JOHN TOWNSEND. of Brnce Township, was born July 20. 17114. in Dutchess County. 
N. Y. ; in his early life, he was /. tanner by trade, which business he conducted with suc- 
cess for many years In 1832. he visited Macomb County and located 1.400 acres of land 
on Sections 4, 5 and 8; also a small tract in Addison Townshiji. Oakland County, and re 
turned home, closed out his business and removed his family to his purchase, and made 
that his home to the time of his death: he was a man of great energy and perseverance and 
stern integrity and at the front of all the improvements of that locality in which he lived. 
Both Mr. and" Mrs. Townsend were active members of the M. E. Church for many years, 
which connection was maintained to the time of his decease; his family consisted of live 
sons and three daughters, all of whom are living, save one son and one daughter. Mr. T. 
died January 5. 1874. Mrs. T. (.\nn Miller) still survives at the age of eighty. George 
Townsend. son of John and Ann (Miller) To^^Tisend. was born in Bruce Township. Sep- 
tember 11, 1836; he was educated in the schools of his neighborhood, and for some years 
conducted the home farm, and. in 1860. bought the Hopkins farm, in Bruce, which, after 
four years, he sold and bought a jiortion of the homestead located on Section 8, which is 
his present home. He was married. February 12, 1862. to Charlotte, daughter of James 
Ballard, of Lapeer County; she was born Jamiary 23. 1842: they have one child — Gracie 
B.. born Ajjril 22. 1872. Mr. Townsend's farm consists of 300 acres of land in good fer- 
tility and is a pleasant home. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and is a Repub- 
lican in politics. Mr. John Townsend was a soldier of the war of 1812. and drew a pen- 
sion a few of the latter years of his life. 

EZRA WOOD (deceased) was born September 7. 1800, in Booneville. Oneida 
County. N. Y. ; he was the sou of Andrew and Azubah (Adams) Wood: the father was 
born August 24, 1783. in Middlebury. Mass, and. at the age of ten years, moved to Pitts- 
town. Rensselaer Co.. N. Y., and, several years later, went to Booneville, where he was 
married in 1806 or 1807. Mrs. Wood was born in Fairfield Town and County, Conn. 
Lemuel Wood, father of Andrew, was left an orphan at an early age, and. at fourteen, 
was serving at Fort Stanwix. now Rome, N. Y., as captain's waiter, and was afterward in 
the Revolutionary war. He married Rebecca Warner, of Middlebury, Mass. : they have 
had eight children, of whom Andrew was the youngest son. Lemuel ^^'ood died at the 
age of seventy-six: his wife in 1822, at the age of eighty. Azubah Adams was the 
daughter of Ephraim and Rebecca (Sherwood) Adams, who had three sons and six daugh- 
ters. Eplu-aim was a soldier in the war cf the Revolution, and died when about eighty- 
three years old: his wife died when tifty-three years of age. Ezra Wood went, in 1831. 
to Wilson. Niagai-a Co., N. Y. , and. five years later, came to Bruce. Macomb Co.. Mich.: 
he had two brothers and four sisters — iVIaretta. Andrew, Marcus. Clarissa. Perlina and 
Eliza. He was married, March 1. 184(\ in Bruce, to Phebe C. , daughter of William and 
Elizabeth Hasbrouck Cusick: the former was born December 25, 1770, the latter Decem- 
ber 11, 17U2: they were maiTied, December 18, 1813: their childreti were born as follows: 
Hiram, March 11*. 1815; Sarah Maria. June 24, 1717; Phebe C. was born April 1._1820. 
in AVoodstoek. Ulster Co.. N. Y., and moved into Bruce. Macomb County., in 183/: two 
years later, he went to Attica, Lapeer County, where he died in 1852. Ezra Wood and 
"wife had ten childi-en — Oscar C. (see sketch); Ezra A., born October 27, 1842, enlisted 
August 18, 1862, in Company A. Fifth Michigan Cavalry, served as a private and corporal; 
died of t\i3hoid-pneuraonia, in Douglas Hospital. "Washington, D. C., February 7, 1864: 
Hiram C, born January 28, 1845. married, in 1860, and went to Grundy County, Mo.: 
died July 20, 1870; Eliza, born June 17. 1847, died September 20, 1854; Ida, born Janu- 
ary 16, 1852, died September 16, 1854: Ai-thur A., August 20, 1854: Andrew H.. Decern- 



HlSTOllY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



bor 22. ISaC). These bvotliers together own the homestead in Bnice. and a considerable 
tract of land in Missouri. Clara, born November 11. 1851t, married Duane Wales, of 
Almont, Lapeer County. December 2. 187U; Hattie, born March 26, 1868, died February 
13, 1865; MeClellan, born September 1"), 1805; Ezra Wood, died June 3, 1873, of malig- 
nant erysipelas: Oscar C. Wood was born December 31, 1840, in Bruce; he enlisted Au- 
gust IS. 1862, in Company A, Fifth Michigan Cavalry: served as a private and Corporal 
until June 11, 1864. when he was taken prisoner at the battle of Treviliau Station. Va.. 
and spent iipward of nine months in Libby Prison, Richmond, and in the stockade pens 
of Andersonville and Millen. C4a. , and Florence, S. C. Mr. Wood is a member of the 
Andersonviile Siu'vivors" Association and says: " I have read many accounts of the hor- 
rors of the stockade prison at Andersonville, biit never saw one that was exaggerated." 
He was paroled at Cxoldsboro. N. C, February 25, 1865; went to Annapolis, thence to 
Columbus, and received a thirty days" furlough and came home. An order was issued for 
the discharge of paroled prisoners, and he was discharged May 30, 1865, at Detroit: he 
was married, December 31, 1866. at Wayne, Mich., to Belle, daughter of Ira and Mary 
Ann Sever Munson; they had four children, born as follows: Perry E., August 14, 1868; 
Louis I.. September 23," 1870; Hattie, September 25, 1872; Casius H., April 25. 1878; 
all were born in Bruce. Hiram C. ^A'ood married Lydia Schanck. of Bruce, November 
10. 1868; their children were born as follows: Minnie, June. 1872; Cora, in 1876. died 
in January, 1878; Dora. July 4, 1878, in Grundy County. Mo. Mrs. Belle ^\'ood was 
born January 11, 1842. in Bloomtield. Ontario Co., N. Y. ; she has one brother and two 
sisters — Louis R. Munson, born August 18. 1836, in Lima, Livingston Co., N. Y. ; married 
Henrietta Stewart, of Wayne, Mich.. March 4, 1866; their childi'eu are Stewart, born Feb- 
ruary 8, 1867; William, born August 10, 1868; Helen Munson, June 21, 1840; married 
Jacob Chamberlain, of Addison. Oakland (!ounty, September 14, 1865; Clara Munson. 
born October 25. 1853: married William Seeley, of Wayne, Mich., April 24. 1872; they 
have one son — Jacob, born January 25, 1873; Ira Munson was born in Hebron, Washing- 
ton Co., N. Y. , July 17, 1810; went to Western New York and married M. A. Seaver, 
January 20. 1834;" in the fall of 1842. settled in Clifton, Macomb Co., Mich.; they 
moved to Oxford. Oakland Co.. Mich., in 1S()1: lived there five years, then moved to 
Wayne, where he still resides. 

ORRIN WOODBECK was born August 26, 1.S37, in Armada. Macomb Co., Mich.; 
is the son of Peter and Mary (Finch) AN'oodbeek. natives of the Empire State, the former 
born in 1808 inCojjake. N. Y.. and died September lU, 1863, in Armada, Macomb County; 
the latter was born in 1816. near Honeoye Lake, N. Y., and is still living in Armada. 
Mr. A\()odbeck was married, September 12, 185VI, to Matilda Killam, of Armada; she was 
born in New York July 6. 1840. and died August 15. 1863. in Armada, leaving a son — 
Franklin P. . born March 18, ISIiO. Mr. Woodbeck was married a second time. Janitsuy 
1. 1.S66. to Polly, daughter of Chester and Jane Cooley (see sketch of Chester Cooley. of 
Romeo); she was born February 14, 1842. in Bruce, in the same house where she now 
lives; they have three "children — Peter, born December 4, 1866; Chester D., November 
28. 1868; Ellnora. April 10. 1872. Mr. Woodbeck is a farmer and resides on the home- 
stead of his father-in-law. wliich consists of 200 acres of land, on Sections 21. 17. 18 and 
5, in Bruce; he owns ninety-five acres of first-class land on Section 28, in Ai'mada: he is 
a Republican in politics. 

JOHN B. YOFNGS. P. O. Romeo, son of Robert and Hannah (Hunuiwell) Youngs, 
was born at Livonia. N. Y.. September 1. 1S23: his father was a native of England, and 
his mother of New England. The family moved to Oakland County and lived a short 
time; then went to Cleveland. Ohio. The subject of this sketch came to Macomb County 
in September, 1851, and, in company with his brother, bought 160 acres on Section '.>, 



TV 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



which he cleared partly and sold out. He was married, January "2. IS54, to Martha. 
youugest daughter of James Parker, of Macomb Couuty. and has no children; he has 
spent about nine years in Oakland Coiinty in farming, and has been lai'gely engaged as a 
salesman and collecting agent of agricultiu'al implements. He at present resides on the 
Parker farm, in Armada Township. !Mr. and Mrs. Youngs have been for many years 
members of the Christian Chtu'ch in Romeo; he is a Republican in politics. 



CHAPTER XXXIV. 

M.VCOMl} TOW'Nsnil'. 
This town was settled in 1881. Among its first settlers were Calvin Davis, Daniel 
Miller (now of Romeo I, Daniel Kniifeu and Lester Giddings, the latter being the only 
representative left here now. It was, prior to the forming of the Repulilican party, the 
banner Democratic town in the county, there being only ten Whig voters in the township. 
Within the past fifteen years it has increased rapidly with the German element and now 
numbers over 400 voters. The German element is mostly Democrat. There are five 
stores and five churches in the town. One of the oldest men in the county, William 
Todd, who is ninety-seven years of age, does all the work on a farm of thirty acres 
of land and bids fair for a number of years yet. There is also a centennial tree 
of the buttonwood order, which measures twenty-seven feet in circumference. Among 
the okl settlers of Macomb County who have done much toward the prosperity of the 
township ai'e Zephaniah Campbell, Manson Farrar. Lester Giddings, Calvin Davis, Daniel 
Knilfin. Daniel Miller, Samuel Whitney, Charles Crittenden, Horace H. Cady and many 
others. The tu-st Sunday school established in this township was that by Chauncey 
Church, of Vermont. Church brought with him his own library and placed it at the disposal 
of the pupils. The school was held in a building which stood on the site now occupied 
by the Macomb Chiu'ch. 

FIRST SCHOOLS. 

The first school was that in the Davis settlement, Sections 17 and 18. Macomb Town- 
ship. The second was in the Crawford settlement, referred to in the sketch of Ray Town- 
ship. Among the pupils attending the fii'st schools were the Giddings, Davises, Knifiins 
and Millers. The children of No. 8 District who attended the school in Peatman's dwell- 
ing-house, about the year 1887, were James M. Rensallaer, Gordon H. Wade, J. H. C. 
Garvin, Mehelah Stroup. Susan and Jane Perkins, Frank, William and Abigail Warner. 
This school was taught by Miss Minerva Olds. 

FIRST SETTLERS. 

In the Stroup settlement wei'e George Stroup, H. H. Wade, John Garvin, Sam Whit- 
ney, Reuben Warner, Elias M. Beach, James Perkins. The first blaL-ksmith was Stephen 
Hewey. In the Davis settlement were Dan Kuiffiu, Lester Giddings, Calvin Davis, 
Daniel Miller, Chauncey Church. In the Cady settlement were the Cooks, Atwoods, Halls, 
Haskius. The Cadys, of Mt. Clemens, were represented here shortly after. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The township of Macomb, comprising Town 3 north. Ranges 18 and 14 west, was 
erected under authority of the Legislative Council, ajiproved March 7, 1884, and the first 
meeting ordered to be held at the house of Daniel Shattuck. Chesterfield was established 



IV 



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by the'act of February 16, 1842, setting off the eastern half of Macomb 'Township into a 
township of that name. 

TOWN OFFICERS. 

Supervisoi-s — Flaver Greenleaf, 1834-35; Calvin Davis. 1835-38; County Commis 
sioners. 1838-43; Joel W. Manley, 1843-45; Stewart Taylor. 1845-47; William Mc- 
Donald, 1847-49: Stewart Taylor. 1849-50: Calvin Davis. 1850-51; Hiram M. Jenny, 
1851-54; Perry M. Bentley. 1854-55; Hiram M. Jenny. 1855-56; Samuel Whitney. 
1856-57; Orange Foot. 1857-58; Samuel Whiting. 1858-59; Horace H. Cady. 1859-78; 
Jacob Stroup. 1873-78; Alfred Stewart. 1878-79; Jacob Stroup. 1879-82. John C. 
Bolty. 1882. 

Clerks— James Meklrum. 1834; Daniel Shattuck, 1885; Charles F. Witt, 1838: Dan- 
iel P. Shattuck, 1839; Samuel P. Canfield, 1841; David Stroup. 1842; H. R. Wilder. 
1849; C. P. Crittenden, 1853; Damon B. Weston, 1854-55; J. H. C. Garvin, 1856; William 
Gamber. 1857; Jacob Stroup, 1858-60; Cyrus B. Rice, 1861; Jacob Stroup, 1862-64; 
H. A. Haskin. 1865; Elisha L. Atkms. 1866-68; John Boltv. 1869; Jacob Stroup. 1870- 
72; Gordon H. Wade, 1873-74; Elisha L. Atkins, 1875; Gordon H. Wade. 1876-83. 

Treasurers — Alucius Haskin, 1834; Daniel Miller and Charles Van Horn held the 
office for a nvunber of years; John Bacon. 1854; Benjamin Gamber, 1855; Dan Gid- 
dings, 1856-57; John Jackson, 1858-29: Havilla H. Wade, 1860-61; W^illiam Norton, 
1862-63: Charles Briggs, 1864: Fred Jasmund, 1866-68: John Klokow, 1869: Aug C. 
Posner, 1870-77: Carl Jeungel. 1878-79; Fred Jasmund, 1880-82. C. Jeungle. 

Justices of the Peace — Daniel Shattuck, (Jalvin Davis. Harvey Cook. Robert P. 
Lewis, 1836: L. Haskins, R. P. Lewis, D. Shattuck, 1837; Sam Whitney. 1838; F. 
Greenleaf. 1839; J. D. Burgess. 1840; Sam P. Cantield. 1841; Elias M. Beach. Calvin 
Davis, Stewart Taylor. 1842; F. Greenleaf, 1843; Horace H. Cady. Calvin Davis, 1844; 
Jacob E. Hall, 1845; Elias M. Beach, Stewart Taylor. 1846; William McDonald, 1847; 
(Jalvin Davis, Havila H. Wade, 1848; Stewart Taylor, 1849; Jesse Whitney, 1850; Joseph 
Huntoon. Philo McDonald, 1851; Calvin Davis, 1852; Phi lo McDonald, 1853; O. Foote, 
1855: Hiram Haskins, 1855; Havila H. Wade, 1855-57, Benjamin Gamber, 1857-58; 
E. L. Atkins, 1859; Calvin Davis, 1856; Richard Wiltes, 1860; John B. Rice. 1861; H. 
H. Wade, 1861-65; James Jones, 1862-66; Elisha L. Atkins, 1863; Edwin R. Eaton, 
1864; Aug Wegener, 1867-68; John Kepsel, 1869; James Jones, 1870; C. F. Crittenden, 
1870; E. L. Atkin.s, 1871; Charles Deitrich, 1871; Aug Wedeuer, 1872; C. P. Crittenden, 
Chai'les Deitrich, Leonard Shattiick, 1873; Gustave H. Strezman, 1874; Elisha L. Atkins, 
John Norton. 1875: Carl Jeungel. Charles Schram. 1876; Julius Drexler, 1877; 
G. T. Strezman, Francis Furton, John Kepsel, 1878; John C. Cady. 1879; Elisha L. At- 
kins, 1880; Francis Frn'ton, 1881. 

PHYSICAL AND STATISTICAL. 

The laud in Macomb Township is very level, and the soil generally very fertile and 
productive. It is watered by the Middle and North Branches of the Cbntou River, which 
afford a plentiful su]iply formilling and agricultural [>urposes. The township isasexteu- 
sively drained as any tuwnshij) in theci lunty .which adds mat cri ally to its agricultural facilities. 

In 1850, less than a decade after the organization of the township, we find the fol- 
lowing statistics authoritatively given: Acres of improved land, 3,187; unimproved land, 
6,098; cash value of same, $97,925. Live stock — horses, 165; milch cows, 203; working 
oxen, 98; other neat cattle. 311; sheep. 1.248: swine. 447; value of livestock. $15,472, 
Agricultural products — wheat, 2,685 bushels; corn, 9,820 bushels; all other kinds of 
grain, 10,247 bushels; potatoes, 3,291 bushels; wool, 3,932 pounds. Dairy products — 
butter, 14,785 pounds; cheese, 1,450 pounds. Value of orchard produce, $285. 





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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 709 


r 




After the lapse of about a (jnarter of a century, the showing is as follows, in 1S74: 
Number of acres of improved land, 10,000; woodland, 8,004; other unimproved laud, 
2.014 acres; cash value of same. $776,305. Live stock — horses, 024; milch cows, 894; 
working oxen, 8; other neat cattle, 524; sheep, 2,510; swine, 982; total value of same, 
$124,490. Agricultural products — wheat, 22,412 bu.shels; corn, 30,357 bushels: all other 
kinds of grain, 47,416 bushels; potatoes, 18,296 bushels; wool, 10,141 pounds. Dairy 
pro lucts — butter, 74,220 pounds; cheese, 500 pounds. Pork marketed, 67,113 pounds. 
Value of orchard produce. $3,922. 

Macomb has always ranked among the foremost townships in the county, in respect 
to agriculture. At an eai'ly day. a general influx of German citizens, of the industrious 
and economical class, came in. With a laudable zeal in cultivating the soil and bringing 
forth the best that its fertility afforded, they, in conjunction with the American farmers 
already in the township, succeeded in developing the resources of the township to the best 
l^ossible advantage. 

The population of the township in 1850 was 757; in 1874, it had increased to 1,-791, 
and. in 1880. reached 2.046. 

SCHOOLS. 

There are ten buildings devoted to education in the township. The denominational 
system is adopted in a few of them. In the following table, the present condition of the 
sshools is shown, with the exceptioa of th.^ small number of pupils reported in attendance 
dm'ing the year ending September. 18S1; 






Xo. of Uistrict. Director. | No. Pupils. Building. 


Value. 


Expenditure for 18S1. 






>fo. 1 District L. W. Giddings 106 

Xo. 2 District .Jo.scpli Klukow 59 

No. 3 District Hiram Stroup > 38 

No. 10 District .luiiatlian Widrig 61 

No. 1 Fractional District H. B. Hall ! 96 


1 frame 
1 frame 
I brick 
1 frame 
1 frame 
1 frame 
1 frame 
1 frame 
1 frame 
1 frame 

Vo 


$ 250 
400 

1000 
500 
100 
400 

1000 
600 

1200 
100 

$6550 


1 424 
235 
326 
202 
351 
401 
431 
243 
1455 
247 

$4315 






No. 3 Fractional District ( \irl .Tu.n-rll , 188 

No. 4Fraction:il DiNtrici .\ltiv.l Sirwarl 1 38 

No. T Fractional District (i, nrnv S. Hall 84 

No. 11 Fractional District Evandcr Chapman 44 

872 




J 


M.\COMB VILL-\GE. 

In 1830. a po.st office was establi-shed atid a village started under the name of Ma- 
comb. This spot was one of the most eligible in the cotinty, being centrally located on 
the Middle Br.inch of the Clinton River, nine and a half miles north of Mt. Clemens, on 
the railway, same distance from XJtica, on the D. & B. C. R. K., both used as shipping 
points, and thirty from Detroit. It has gone into premature disuse, however, the post 
office having been removed to Waldenburg. Frederick Jasmond was the th-st Postmaster, 
There is still a general store at the original site of Macomb. The jilace was started by 
Daniel Kniffin, Calvin Davis. Daniel Miller and Lester Giddings. E. S. Axtel was Post- 
master for a number of years. Among the best-known citizens of the hamlet are E. S. 
Axtel, Notary Public; Calvin Davis, farmer; Joseph Denel, general store; L. W. Gid- 
dings, farmer; A. W. Kniffin. farmer; John Longstaff, farmer; N. H. Miller, farmer; 
' W. Norton, farmer. 

Waldenburg is a country post office m Waldenburg Township, Macomb County, six 
miles northwest of Mt. Clemens Court House, connected by semi-weekly mail line and 








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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



via which it is thirty-one miles above Detroit. Has a steam saw and planing mill and 
ships crrain and lumber. The population is set down at 150 in the census of 1880. 

Mead is a post office for a farming community of about 200 people, in this township, 
thirty miles from Deti-oit. eight above Mt. Clemens Court House and four north of Mil- 
ton, on the Grand Trunk Railway, connecting by weekly mail route; ship to New Haven 
on same line, about same distance. In the vicinity are two churches and a new district 
school. Arthur E. Collins, Postmaster. The business community is made up as follows: 
M. Bentley. shoemaker; George Boden. blacksmith; Arthur E. Collins, general store; 
Samuel Foster, blacksmith; Francis Furton, Justice of the Peace; Rev. E. W. Howe. 
Methodist minister; Robert Warner, Justice of the Peace; Erasmus S. Wolvin, blackmiths. 

The German Church organization purchased five acres of land on the corner south of 
Stephen Whitney's, and. in February, 18S2, commenced to erect a church and parsonage. 
The building will be of wood, 32x52 feet, with burying-ground adjacent. 

In the pages devoted to biographies are many personal notices of citizens, whose lives 
have been more or less identified with the history of the township. 

ELISHA L. ATKINS was born in Broome County. N. Y.. town of Owego, May 3, 
1803; he is the son of Hezekiah W. and Mary Lewis Atkins; his father was an Irish 
American, born in Connecticut; his mother was born during the passage of her folks from 
France to America. Mr. Atkins lived in Elmira, N. Y. . until twenty years of age; had a 
common-school education; during this time, he learned the shoemaker's trade; he went to 
Bath, Steuben Co., N. Y. , and afterward traveled over several States; he was married 
there, September 2, 182U, to Margaret Mather, a native of Bath, Steuben County; he came 
to Michigan in 1831, located at Mt. Clemens, bought 104 acres of land in Clinton Town- 
ship, although he lived in the village most of the time; in 1832, he was appointed Justice 
of the Peace for Mt. Clemens, and served fifteen years; he was, while in Mt. Clemens. 
one of the four Justices of the Peace in the State under the constitution of 1836: in 1848. 
he moved to Macomb Township; the following spring, he was elected Justice of the 
Peace of Macomb Township, which position he has held ever since; has always voted a 
Democratic ticket up to ISSO, when he voted a Greenback ticket; he was Town Clerk of 
Macomb about six years; his wife died about lSli2, leaving four children — Maria, born 
1830, in Bath, Broome County, wife of Alexander Gibson: John B., born at Mt. Clemens 
May 29, 1836. married Lydia Allen, residing in Council Blufls, Iowa; Charles S,, born 
July 15, 1838, residing in Wyoming Territory; Lucy M. . born at Mt. Clemens May 1. 
1845, wife of Charles J. Harrison, residing in Wayne, Mich. On the 21st of March. 
1838, he was appointed Captain of the Second Division, Fourth Brigade, Third Regi- 
ment, M. S. F., by Gov. Stephen F. Mason; he was Sergeant-at-Arms of the Legislature 
of the Territory of Michigan at Detroit. 

GEORGE BACON, Macomb, was boru January 1, l.S2(), in St. Lawi-ence County. 
N. Y. ; moved to Ohio at tiie age of seven years; lived there ten years and then removed 
to Michigan, and settled on school section in Washington; he moved to Section 3, Ma- 
comb, where he now resides; went to California in 1858; settled at Diamond Springs, 
El Dorado County; i-eturned home in 1862, and resumed life on the farm. He was mar- 
ried, July 12, 1864, to Miss Hannah M. Myers, of Macomb; she died June 20, 1874. 
leaving five children— William E. , born June 17, 1864; Carrie E., May 31, 1866: Alvah 
R.. October 17, 18()U: Minnie A.. September 5. 1871; George W.. died in infancy. Some 
time after the death of his first wife, he married, January 22, 1876, Jerusha Bates, of 
Chesterfield; her father, Alfred Bates, was born February. 17, 1S17, in New York; her 
mother. Laney Wright Bates, was born August, 30, 1812. Mr. Bates died December 3, 
1881. Mrs. Bates died October 17, 1881. Mr. Bacon owns eighty acres of land; never 



h^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



sued a man; never was sued but once; in politics, he is a Republican; in religion, he is 
a Free Methodist, 

PERRY M, BENTLEY was born August 10, IS 11), in Richmond. Ontario Co,, N. 
Y. ; is the son of Preston D, and Sophia James Bentley; his parents were natives of 
Rhode Island, and. in ISIS, settled in Ontario County, N, Y. ; in 1841. they came to 
Michigan and settled on Section 6, Macomb Tovvnshiji. vhere the father died. April 8. 
1851, aged sixty-three years: the mother afterward mai-ried Rev, Jonathan E, Davis, and 
died July 11), LSSO, aged eighty-seven years; in L'So'J, Mr, B, came to Michigan and took 
his father's farm, but bought out the interest of the other heirs, and still resides on the 
old homestead. He was married. May '23. 1844. to Mary, daughter of Wheeler and Han 
nah Reed; she was one of the family of twenty childi'en; her pai'ents wei-e natives of Ver- 
mont, who settled in Ontario County, N, Y,, in 17'.)0, Mi', and Mrs, B, have had six 
chii ren, whose record is as follows: Mar}' Augusta, Mi-s, L, F. Giddings, born March 25, 
1846, in Richmond, N, Y. : died August 30, 1S81: Preston M,, born in Richmond Sej)- 
tember 1, 1851; Frank Reed, born in Macomb September 4, 1853; Ada M,, born in Ma- 
comb, January 17, 1855: Mary, born in Richmond August 10, 1850, died sis weeks after 
birth: Carrie, born in Richmond May 11, 1861, lives at home. All the members of the 
family belong to the M, E, Church, He is a Republican in politics and was Supervisor 
of Macomb in 1854: he has greatly improved his farm in Macomb and added fine and 
commodious buildings. 

HOR.iCE H, CADY, P, O, Mt. Clemens, formerly fi-om the First District, Macomb 
County, was born in Hadley, Windham Co,, Conn,, February 20, 1801, Mr, C, received a 
common-school education; in 1821, he emigrated t<j Michigan, embarking at Black Rock on 
the famous steamboat Walk-in-the- Water, He was one whole week in getting fi'om Buffalo 
to Detroit, and he related that it took twelve yoke of oxen and one span of horses to tow the 
boat over the rapids belov? the mouth of Buffalo Creek. Mr, C. upon arriving in Michi- 
gan, settled in the village of Mt, Clemens; in 1821, he removed to Macomb Township, 
where he now resides; he has been Supervisor of the township for fifteen years. Justice of 
the Peace for one term and County Treasurer for two years; was a member of the House 
when the State capital was located at Detroit; was a member of the House in 1805, Mr, 
C's occupation was that of a farmer: he has always been a Democrat; cast his first Presi 
dential vote for Andrew Jackson; his father was Joseph Cleveland Cady, a native of the 
same county and State: his mother was Lucy Hutchins. also a native of Hadley. Mr. C, 
was married, June '.), 1.S25, to Susau E, Conner, a lady born in Detroit in 1806: they have 
had five children, four of them living — Celia A,, wife of Thomas J, Rutter, residing near 
Chicago; John C, married to Mary E, Smith, living on the homestead; Cornelia A,, wife 
of Henry B, Castle, residing on the homestead: Fannie C, widow of David B, Jordan, 
residing at Chicago; Henry C, died when only two years old. Mr. C's father died 
in 1806, and left the boys to take care of themselves; H, H, Cady was bound as an ap- 
prentice two different times before he was of age ; in his education, he probably went to 
school 100 days in all; had to depend upon himself when young; he began keeping hotel 
in Mt, Clemens in 1831, and kept it until 1837, when he moved to his farm in Macomb; 
he has 100 acres on Section 35: he is the oldest living American settler in Macomb County, 

ARTIfUR E, COLLINS, Postmaster of Meade Post Office, Macomb Township, was 
born January 6, 1842, in Wayne County, Mich, : is the son of William and Ann E, Collins: 
his father was a soldier in the British service nearly thirty years, and rose to the rank of 
Quartermaster: he was in the war of 1812, and was at the battle of Waterloo; his mother 
was the daughter of Sergt, Mai-tin, of the Royal Ai-tillery. and was born on the Island of 
Malta, in the Mediterranean Sea, Mr, C, enlisted June 8, 1861, in Company A, Twenty- 
third Illinois Infantry, and was at the battle of Lexington, Mo,, where he was captured 



"7F 



'\)t^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



by Gen. Price, September 20. and paroled. The following summer, lie re-enlisted in 
Company A, Twenty-second Michigan Infantry, and was again captm-ed at Chickamauga, 
September '10, 1868, he was a prisoner nineteen months and eight days at Richmond, 
Danville, Andersonville. Millen, Blackshire and Thomasville. He was promoted to Ser- 
geant of his company while in prison, and was mustered oiit of the service at Camp Chase. 
Ohio. June 'J. 18(55, when he came to Macomb County, since which time he has been 
engaged in the mercantile business. He was married, March 31, INTO, to Mary A. . 
daughter of William and Ann Crreen, of Mt. Clemens; her parents were natives of En- 
gland and came to America in 1852, and settled in Oakland County. Mich., re- 
moving to Mt. Clemens in 1862. Mr. C. is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and for 
several years has been Master of Macomb Lodge, No. 64. F. & A. M He has held the 
office of Postmaster nearly seventeen years: in politics, he is a Republican. 

HON. CALVIN DAVIS (deceased) was born at Hubbardstou, Worcester Co., Mass.. 
April 27, 1798; at the age of eleven, he came to the wilds of Western New York, with his 
widowed mother: settled at Covington, N. Y. . where he remained until 1815, when he 
married Miss Sylvia Beardsley. they being the first white couple married in the town; in 
1824, came to Shelby Township, and pm-chased a farm: in 1826, was appointed, by Gov. 
Lewis Cass, Associate Justice of the County Court, which he held until the coiu't was 
abolished a few years after: in 1832, he removed to the adjoining township of Macomb, 
where he purchased a large and heavy timbered farm: there were very few settlers in this 
part of the country, few neighbors nearer than Mt. Clemens, ten miles distant; in 1838, 
Judge Davis was elected Sheriff of Macomb County, being jsrior elected to the position 
under the State constitution in the county; in 1841, he was elected to the Legislature; he 
also held the office of Postmaster twenty-thi'ee years, at Macomb, and twenty- four years 
Justice of the Peace, six of which were under appointments by Gov. Stephens F. Mason 
and George B. Porter; few men in Eastern Michigan ever became more closely identified 
with the interests of the State than he, and none more favorably known; he is a man of 
more than ordinary sound judgment and mind: is a zealous worker in the cause of truth 
and religion; he is a Methodist and a true friend and neighbor: became a Free and Ac- 
cejited Mason in 1824; in politics. Judge Davis is a firm Republican, having left the 
Democratic j)arty in 1856: he died February 10, 1870: his children were George W,, born 
September 8, 1816; Lavancha, November 24, 1818: Smithy December 10. 1830; Eunice, 
March 22, 1828; Jonathan A., August 30. 1825; Mary A., Januarv 5, 1828; Levi B.; March 
12. 1830; Calvin. July 27. 1832; Sylvia. May 1. 1835. and 'Victoria. September 17, 
1837: George W. died May 6, 1843; Smith died September 4, 1856; Eunice. January 15, 
1854, and Jonathan, August 23, 1872. Calvin Davis, son of the settler just referred to, 
was born July 27, 1832; he mari-ied Miss Rosa Phillips, a native of Vermont, March 13. 
1867. by whom he had three children. Mrs. D. died April 7. 1N76; a year later, he mar- 
ried Miss Julia E. Hayes, of Greene County. N. Y.. to whom three children were born; the 
two youngest died in infancy. Mr. D. is politically a Republican. Mr. D. is a strong 
temperance man and always foremost in matters affecting the well being of the town; his 
farm and home are on Sections 5 and 8. pleasantly located. 

JOHN A. FRIES, born in Milan, Dutchess Co.. N. Y.. April 18. 1S07: he was mar- 
ried to Margaret Mink. September 14. 1856: she was born March 2. 1N09. in Livingston 
County: to them weie born ten children, all of whom are living and all natives of New 
York — Henry, born June 3. 1827; Catharine E., September 10, 1829; Andrew, June 17, 
1831; John.' Jr.. Septembers. 1833: Mary Jane. July 30. 1836; William. May 6. 1S3S: 
Lewis. October (\. 1840; Louisa, October 10, 1842; Jacob F., February IS, 1845; Charlie 
E., June 10, 1S50. John A. Fries, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was a na- 
tive of Germany; when a boy he was stolen, brought to New York. sold, and served three 






f 

HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 773 

years for his liberty; then he settled in Columbia County, N. Y. Andrew, father of John 
A. Fries. Jr., was born there and settled in Dutchess County: he married Christina Shraut. 
of Dutchess County. N. Y. ; he died April 12. 1S17. at the age of tiftyone years; his wife 
died February 25, ISyO, aged eighty-two years. Mr. and Mrs. F. are the grandparents 
of thirty-five children and thirteen gre.atgraudehildren. In 1S40. Mr. F. moved to Wayne 
County. N. Y. : lived there nineteen years; in 1861. he moved to Michigan, and settled 
in Mt. Clemens: from thex-e he moved to the town of Macomb, bought a farm of 100 acres 
of good land, and now has a good home. Mr. F. is an honest, upright man, and he and his 
family are much respected b}' their neighbors. He belongs to the Presbyterian Church 
and his wife belongs to the Lutheran Church. 

JOHN H. C. GARVIN was born December 18. 1826. in Genesee Coimty. N. Y.. near 
Rochester: son of John and Olive (Bacon) Garvin, both natives of Vermont, who came 
into New York State at an early date. The family came to Michigan in 1S32; settled in 
Ray; afterward, in the spring of 1835, moved to Macomb and located 160 acres, forming 
the southwest (quarter of Section 2: this land they piu'chased from the Government; his 
father was a carpenter and joiner; he built the house of Col. Norman Perry, in 1831. 
which is among the first frame buildings jjut up: he followed carpentering, which was his 
main business; worked at ship building at Mt. Clemens in the winter of 183-J:-35. walking 
from his home in Macomb to the village in the morning and back at night, taking his 
sujiplies of provisions, etc.. on his back. Mrs. Garvin died August 30, 1865, in her sev- 
enty-fourth year: she was born April 12, 1T'.)2. Politically, he was a Whig, and, in later 
years a Republican; he came here with a family of two daughters and one son, the 
daughter being among the first teachers in this part of the country; they lost two children 
by death: both his father and mother were members of the Christian Church after it was 
organized; two daughters were also members of the same chui'ch; his father was well versed 
in the Bible; h'ad a strong mind and memory, and was accustomed to give a great deal of 
time to reading; was posted in all general matters, and carried a strong argument in his 
debates. He cut the road from Ray to his farm in Macomb, so that he could move his 
personal property to his home. John remained on the farm until his father sold it and 
moved to Washington, when he went to work with his father; having learned the carpenter 
trade of him, he followed it as a business for fifteen years, and has done some work at it 
since. He was married, December 15, ISol, to Rosanuah Harris, a native of Lester 
County. N. Y.. who came to Michigan in 1830 with her father. Jacob Harris, an old 
settler of Washington; in 1850. he bought the homestead farm in Macomb Township, and 
resided there until March. 1S81: he has been a Republican and a warm supporter of the 
cause; has been'Clerk of Macomb one year: takes great interest in gaming and sporting; 
has killed a great many deer and turkeys, and otherwise contributes to keep the spirit of 
the old hnutiug days living. 

LESTER GIDDINGS (deceased) was l)orn June 28, 17'.»2. at Granville, Washington 
Co., N. Y. ; in 1810, he located at Warsaw, Wyoming Co., N. Y. ; remained there until 
1825, when he settled in Michigan Township; he purchased eightj' acres in the town of 
Washington, Macomb County, from the Government, in 1823; returned to New York and 
settled here in 1S25: lived there until April. 1831. when he settled in Macomb Town- 
ship. Section 5, on his first purchase of eighty acres, and afterward took up twenty acres 
more : the county was a wilderness with only one family in the neighborhood ; he lived on the 
place until he died. January 2, 187U. He married Rebecca E. Miller, in Warsaw, N. Y.; 
came here with a family of five childi'en. and five more were born in this country, two of 
whom are dead; his wife died November 15, 1868. Politically, he was a Republican- -a 
man who thought a great deal of his family; had a strong mind and was well posted — 
both on things that have taken place in the past, as well as on more recent events: was well 



ihought of by all his neighbors and was very patriotic; served in the war of 18] 2. for which 
he received a pension; his children are — Niles; Delia L.. who died October 20. 1875: Dur 
M.. who died December 25, 1S76; Levi. Adeline C Lucy E.. Lafayette W.. Adam Clark. 
Ai'thiir E. and C. Eugene. Lafayette A\'. Giddings. son of Lester and Rebecca Miller 
(iiddings. was born iu the town of Washington. June 2. 1880; April. 1831. his parents 
removed to Macomb Township, where he was raised and has lived most of the time on the 
old homestead, which passed into his hands after the death of his father. He was mar- 
ried. October 17. 1855. to Mary A. Pryor. a resident of Oakland County, town of Mil- 
ford; she died July 7. 185fi; was maiTied again, October 4, 18()6, to Mrs. Mary A. (Dryer) 
Sutherland, a native of Lenox Township; they have a family of four children — Cleora. 
George R.. Delia and Fisk C. ilr. G. is a Democrat, though not strictly adhering to any 
particular jjarty. 

COLUMBUS C. HALL was born in 1840 at the Hall homestead. Section 80. Macomb 
Township; he married Miss Elizabeth C. Shook, to whom were born four children — Ger- 
trude W.. Florence A.. Howard J. and Columbus C, Jr. Mi-. Hall is the owner and cul- 
tivator of a 100-acre farm, just north of Mt. Clemens City boundary, in Macomb Township. 

NELSON H. MILLER was born July 27. 1832. in Washington Township: son of 
Daniel and Lucinda (Hulbert) Miller: his parents, when he was a year old. I'emoved to 
Macomb. Section 8. where his father took up 160 acres from the Government: he lived on 
the place until he was eighteen years old. when he had the gold fever in 1850. and went 
o California: traveled over the greater part of the State, mostly in the central and north- 
era mines; spent most of his time in Sierra County; retiu'ned in 1854, after an ab.sence 
of nearlj' live years, his farm being mostly the homestead he purchased while he was in 
California; he started to Pike's Peak, got nearly there, when, being satisfied from report 
that it was a mere speculation more than anything else, he returned. In ■18()2. August 
U. he enlisted in Company F, Twenty-second Michigan Infantry; he went with his com- 
mand to Kentucky, thence to Nashville. Tenn. : next, to Chattooga, thence he went into 
the battle of Chickamauga. where he was captured bv the enemy, September 20. 1863; he 
was taken from Atlanta to Belle Isle, thence to Richmond. Ya. ; next, to Danville, and 
subsequently to Andersonville; next, to Charleston, and lastly, to Florence. S. C. ; at 
Florence, he was exchanged as nm'se for the sick and wounded; rt'ent back to Charleston. 
and thence to Annajiolis. Md. ; then home on a thirty days' furlough, making in all about 
fifteen months' imprisonment; he rejoined his regiment at Chattooga: soon after he ar- 
rived there, he was detailed in charge of twenty men on board the steamer Chickamaiiga, 
and served on the steamer until the regiment returned home; he first enlisted as Sergeant 
and served as such through his time; returned July. 1865. He has been on the farm 
since; politically he is a Republican. He was married. September 12. 1855, to Caroline 
I, Dixon, daughter of Silas Dixon, an old settler of Mt. Clemens, iu 18511: they have had 
seven children, six of whom are living- Charles F., Hattie L,, Lena M. . Carrie I.. Flor- 
ence E.. Willie H. and Daniel N.; the oldest son — Charles F. — died while Mr. M. was in 
the war. Mi-. Miller is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church since 1850. Mrs. 
M. is also a member. 

JOHN NORTON was born in New Jersey January 8. 1776; was married to Miss 
Elizabeth Benjamin October 21. 1802; moved to Macomb. Mich., in November. 1834. and 
died September 2, 1861 : Elizabeth Benjamin Norton was born Angust 27, 1787, died No- 
vember 2U. 1875; to them seven children were born. viz.. Anna. January 1. 1805; Jesse, 
Ain-il 17, 1807; Sarah W.. August 27, 180',); Lucinda, January 5, 1812:' John N„ March 
U. 1810; Sylvia D., April 13, 1822: Loring G.. October 2s; 1828; Sarah died June 3, 
187'.); John N. died May 14. 1867. Loring G. Norton enlisted in the Twenty-second 
Michigan Infantry as Drum Major when the regiment was organized, and, at the battle 



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^1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



of Chickamauga, hf received a severe wound in the left shoulder while he was picking up 
the wounded on the battle-field; he was the fifth man of the command who fell from a rebel 
who was secreted in a tree. A\'hen the sharpshooter was discovered, twelve men, with Sharp's 
rifles, fired on him, every bullet taking effect. Mr. Norton's occupation is a musical teacher 
and dealer in musical instruments. 

ALFRED STEWARD was born April -24, 1828; sod of Chai-les and Elizabeth Stew- 
ard, the former born in 17!)1, died March 5, 1S55, the latter born in ITUT, died Aup;ustl8, 
1860: Chai-les S. came from Mt. Morris. N. Y.. to Detroit, in the summer of 1811, and 
engaged in the manufacture of liquor; he was present at the surrender of Hull: was made 
prisoner, paroled, joined Harrison's corps and marched with the troojis to Moravianville, 
on the Thames, in Canada; in 1817, he settled in St. Clair County, Clay Township, where 
he was married, in 181U, to Elizabeth Peck, a native of the district, eight miles below 
Chatham, in Canada, daughter of Col. Richard Peck, of the British Army. Daniel Erway 
was born in Seneca County, N. Y., in 1806, and came to Michigan in 1854: his wife, Hi- 
lah Clark Erway, was also a native of Seneca County; they were the parents of one daugh- 
ter — Mrs. Amelia Erway Steward, born October I'd, 1835, and maiTied to Alfred Stewart, 
at Ai-mada, by Rev. Mr. Shaw, December 13, 1855. The following-named children of this 
marriage are living: Willie I. Steward, born March 15, 1851); Ida S.. born February 16, 
1861: Eugene S., December 27, 1863: Estella S., November 25, 1874; Nora D., December 
16, 1872; Eai-nest A., August 27, 1876. The following-named are deceased: Fred, died 
October 15, 1868; Guy, May 2, 1858; Byron, October U. 1866; Sherman, September 6, 
1868; Grant, April 4, 186U; Elmer, September 6, 186i). Mr, Steward held some town 
offices previous to his removal from Columbus Township, St. Clair County, to Macomb 
Township, in 185'.*: in 1871, he located at Otsego Lake, Otsego County; he was honored 
with a few township offices and elected County Surveyor in 1875: his salarj-, while em- 
ployed by Smith, KelLim & Dwight. ranged from •§2,000 the first year, to .$2,500 the sec- 
ond: he returned to his farm in Macomb in June, 1876: here he was elected Supervisor 
in April, 1878: received a unanimous vote of the convention in nominating Sheriff in 
1878. and was beaten by his nominators, as he received a large Democratic vote; he was 
commissioned Census Enumerator for the Twenty-eighth District in 1880. Mi', S. has 
lived in five different school districts, and served as a Director in each. Politically, he 
is a Republican: his farm of 200 acres is numbered among the best cultivated and im- 
proved farms in the county, 

JACOB STROUP was born March 26, 1811. in Seneca County. N. Y.; his father was 
George Stroup, a native of Pennsylvania, of German descent; his mother was Susan 
Rigel Stroup. also born in Pennsylvania and of German descent: they moved to the State 
of New York in 17it6; his mother died in New York State in 1825. leaving a family of 
thirteen childj-en: one of the childi-en died in New York State in 1S33; five children moved 
to Michigan in 1827 and 1S28: his father married again and moved to Michigan, in 1834, 
with a family of seven children: of this family seven are now living — three sons and four 
daughters. George Strouji located in Macomb Township, Section 10, soTitheast quarter; 
took up 240 acres of land, where he lived until his death, October 31, 1858, in his eighty- 
second year Mr. S. received his education in New York State. He was married. Sep- 
tember 16. 1841, to Betsey Jane Perkins, a native of Seneca County, N. Y., whose parents 
came to Michigan in 1837; he is a Democi-at and has never changed his political views; 
in 1840, when the town of Macomb comprised that of Chesterfield, he was elected Consta- 
ble; in 1842, he was elected Town Clerk, the first one elected after the division of the 
township: in 1873, he was elected Supervisor of Macomb, and has held the office eight 
years. Mr. S. is an influential man in the town, and carries a great deal of weight in 
political matters; the office of Clerk he has held for twenty -three years at different times. 






A^ 



Mr. S.'s family comprises five children — Paulina, George M.. Samuel J., Charles M. and 
Frank L. The daughter is residing in Seneca County, N. Y. Samuel J. resides in Mt. 
Clemens, and the others in the town of Macomb; he was Inspector for several years, and 
continues to take a deep interest in ])olitieal matters, as he does in the social ■well-being 
of his division of the countv. 

GEORGE STROUP was born September UJ, 1806, in Fayette, Seneca Co., N. Y. 
(The history and names of his father and mother can be found in Jacob Stroup"s sketch. ) 
He was raised in Seneca County until seventeen years jld; his father moved to Potter, 
Yates County; September, 1831, he left Y^ates County for Michigan; lauded at Detroit 
September cS; from Detroit, on the (Jratiot Turnpike, then a wilderness road all the way 
through, with the exception of a half-way house, kept by an American; traveled all the 
distance on foot and carried his rifle to Mt. Clemens; left Detroit about U o'clock and got 
to Mt. Clemens between 4 and 5 in the afternoon, a distance of twenty-sis miles by road; 
located in Macomb on Section 14; this was an eighty-acre farm; he afterward exchanged 
forty acres of this lot for the south forty- acre lot on Section 13, just across the road; he 
took the laud from the Government; he followed his trade of carpenter and joiner for two 
years after he came here. He married Hannah, daughter of Aaron Conklin, Jr., in 1833; 
she died July 1".^, INGG; the family comprised seven children, of whom four are living; 
viz., Leander, Lorin, Lorinda (twins) and Hiram; Lorin resides in Shiawassee County, 
Loriuda resides at Detroit; Leander, in town, and Hiram at home; Susanna died when six 
months old, December, 1836; Alcina died April 20, 1852; Nancy, February 13, 1854. 
Mr. Stroup has always been a Democrat; was School Inspector soon after he settled in 
the town. 

NOBLE R. SUTTON, born February IS, 1821, in Monroe County, N. Y.. son of Ben- 
jamin and Anna (Ward) Sutton; his father was of English and French descent: the father 
died when Noble was four years old; was brought up a fai-mer; in 1842, he, with his 
mother and an elder brother, came to Michigan and settled in Macomb, where he bought 
sixty acres of land, on Section 8; in October, 1S44, he maiTied Marion M. Miller, daugh- 
ter of Dani-el Miller, an old settler of the county; his mother lived with him during the 
latter years of her life, and died May, 1878, in the ninety-first year of her age; she was 
one of the pioneers of Western New York; in 1853, he kept toll-gate on the Mt. Clemens 
& Romeo plank road for two years, and returned to the farm in 1856, where he has since 
resided. Politically, Mr. Sutton is a Republican; he never has been an office seeker; 
they have three children, all living — Mary A., Nelson B., Corydon D. Mary A. is the 
wife of T. M. Giddings. residing at St. Louis, Mich.; Nelson B. married Ida Clukey; in 
1878, he made an addition to his farm, and now has viinety-six acres under cultivation. 

JOHN WHITNEY, born October 25. 1801), in Middlesex, Ontario Co. . N. Y„ now 
Yates County, Potter Township, son of Isaac and Susanna (Turnbach) Whitney; his father 
was born in Massachusetts and his mother in Pennsylvania. Isaac Whitney left Massa- 
chusetts and emigrated to New York at an early date and died in 1817; his mother died 
February 0, 1882, in Ray Township; the family came to Michigan and landed in Detroit 
September 2, 1834, from Pennsylvania, where they passed about two years previous to his 
coming to Michigan. In 1836. he settled on the farm he now owns; bought his place of 
Caleb Culver, when in the wilderness state; worked hai'd and has now 100 acres improved 
and fertile lands. He married Phebe Nelson May 17, 1838. daughter of Richard and 
Ann Vaughn Nelson, of Chesterfield Township. Richard Nelson was born in England in 
1780; Ann Vaughn Nelson was born in England in 1783; Phebe Nelson Whitney was 
born December 24, ISIU. in Biohnor, Kent, England; she came to America in June, 1831; 
her mother died in Chesterfield. Macomb County, October 20, I860; her father died De- 
cember 3, 1860; seven childi-en wei-e born to ^Ii-. Whitney — Sarah Ann Hartw.iy, born 



VI®- 



•!l^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



May 20, 1839, died September 21, 1876: Mary B., Augusts, 1842, died September 13. 
1805; Electa M. Axtell. December 26, 1845, married March 15, 1864, to Julien H. Ax- 
tell, M. D.; he served four years in the rebellion, was honorably discharged from the 
First Michigan Infantry, on account of the wound received at the battle of Five Forks; 
Stephen was born May 12. 1850; Florence G. . September 7, 1853, died October 15, 1865; 
Charles, September 13, 1S56, died October 4. 1865. and Courtland. born August 23, 1862. 
Ml-. W. in politics is a Republican. Mrs. John Whitney was one of a family of twenty- 
three children, all of one father and mother. 

SAMUEL WHITNEY, born July U. 1811, in the town of Middlese.x, Ontario 
County, now Potter. Yates Co.. N. Y.. son of Isaac an<l Susanna (Tm-nback) Whitney; 
his father was born in Massachusetts and his mother was born in Pennsylvania; his father 
died when Samuel was six years of age. Isaac Whitney left Massachusetts and emigrated 
to New York at an early date and died in 1S17; his chances for education in the early 
days were limited, probably his attendance at school not exceeding in all two years; his 
mother died February U. 1867. in Ray Townshij); the family came to Michigan, landed 
in Detroit September 2. 1834. from Pennsylvania, where they passed about two years 
previous to coming hero; he located in Macomb Township on an eighty-acre lot. piu'ohased 
from the Government; the next yeai" he added forty acres more of (irovernment land; in 
1S53, he added eighty acres more, making in all a farm of 200 acres: when he first came 
in, George Stroup was his nearest neighbor, and Mr. Whitney cut a road from the Sti'oup 
farm to his own; he made all his improvements himself. He was married. April 21, 
1836, to Ann Stroup. daughter of George Stroup. The Indians were plenty, often called 
and stayed overnight. The wolves were also very plenty and committed depredations on 
his yoimg stock many times, carrying off a fine sheep or calf. Politically. Mr. Whitney is 
a Whig, and has always tried to fight the Democratic party all the way through; since the 
Whig party went down, he was one of the first members of the Republican pai'ty. When 
the town was connected with Chesterfield, he was elected one of the School Inspectors; in 
1842. he was elected Justice of the Peace, which he held four years: in 1S5(), he was 
elected Supervisor of Macomb, and again ran. in 1857. but lost it by four votes, owing to 
his strict temperance principles, which were opposed by many of the Germans of the town; 
in 1858, he was elected Supervisor, which he held one year; he was a strong temperance 
man and has done all in his power to advance that cause; he is a good friend and neigh- 
bor and has been a witness of the advance of the county from its wilderness condition: he 
is the father of thirteen childi-en, nine sons and four daughters — Sophronia. Vv'illiam II., 
Esther Ann, wife of Warren Crawford, of North Branch, Lapeer County; Jason C, mar- 
ried Elida Barney, residing at Fort Sanilac; William H.. man-ied Mary E. Kellogg, of 
Maple Grove, Barry County; George C. man-ied to Martha J. Friese. resides in Macomb 
Township; Milton J., married Elizabeth Fuller, resides in Negaunee. Principal of the 
school thero; Samuel E.. Principal of the Hancock High School: Lora A., wife of .ra H. 
Briggs. resides in Macomb Township; Allen S., teaching the Quincy School, near Han- 
cock: Eugene C. , Loton D.. Milo H.. Floi-euce H. ; two of the sons — Milton J. and George 
C. — were in the war and honorably discharged at its close. When Mr. W. raised his house, 
which was one of the first m the county, he was told it could not he put uj) without the use 
of liquor; he made three efforts to raise the building without success, and finally went up 
in the Macomb neighborhood, told the people the;-e the circumstances of his case, and they 
turned in and raised the house, which was the first temperance building put up in the 
Whitney neighborhood. 

STEPHEN H. WHITNEY was born May 12. 1850, son of John Whitney and Phebe 
Nelson Whitney; his mother was born in England, and came to this country with her 
parents when she was voaug; his father was a native of Yates County, N. Y.; he came to 
48 " 



\^s r- 



-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Michigan at an early age. and boiight his land from the Government, in Macomb; Stephen, 
the oldest son. was born on the homestead farm, in a log house; grew up to manhood, 
attended a district school when opportunity offered, and lived on the farm with his parents 
until he was twenty-two years old. He was married, April 11, 1S72, to Emma S. Immen, 
born in New Baltimore August 28. l!Sr)4. daughter of John H. and Frances Taylor Immen, 
earl}' settlers in Chesterfield; he then went on a rented farm of forty acres, on the turn- 
pike I'oad. one mile north of Mt. Clemens, and lived there two years; at the expiration of 
this time, he moved back on his father's place, on Section 15. and worked there for one 
year; in 1(S75, he had an opportunity of buying his farm, consisting of 166f acres, on 
Section 8, then owned by Broughton Adams, originally purchased from the Government by 
Chauncy Church; his investment was a good one in every particular: he takes special 
pride in having everything in good order, and has one of the finest farms in this section 
of the country. Politically, he has been and is a Republican; their family consists of 
four childi-en — Florence L.. born August 17. 1S73; Clara E.. November 7. 1N75: Bertha 
F.. March 27. 1878; Grace P.. April 23. 1881. 



CHAPTER XXXV. 

HICHMONL) TOWNSHIP. 

The township of Richmond was organized under Legislative authority March 6, 1838. 
The new township comprised within its boundaries Town 5 north, of Range 14 east. The 
first meeting was held at the house oi George Perkins, or rather on the wood-pile close by. 
The name of the township was ]iroi)Osed by Phillip Cudworth. Hiron Hathaway was elect- 
ed Supervisor; George Perkins. Clerk: Durfee Simmons. John Hicks and Jesse Hufif. 
Assessors; William Simmons and John Goodar, Overseers of the Poor: Jesse Welden and 
Russell Peters, Commissioners of Highways; Jesse Welden, James Flower, Horace Ewell 
and W. P. Simmons, Justices of the Peace; Jeremiah Robinson, J. S. Durfee, Constables; 
Jeremiah Robinson, Collector; Dm-fee Simmons, Pliney Corbin and Ben Elsworth, Com- 
missioners of County Schools; P. Cudworth, C. C. Davis and H. M. Curtiss, Fence View- 
ers; and John Bates, Poundmaster. 

The first clearing made in what is now called Richmond was in Section 30. by Edwin 
Rose. The entry of this land bears date December 1, 1832, and has since been known as 
the Goodar farm on Clay street. Another entry is made on the same day, and located on 
the same section, by John Hale. The next entry is dated May 13. 1833. by Anson Petti- 
bone, still owned by the family. Charles Hicks settled on the ridge in 1834. and Phillip 
Cudworth in 1835. John Hicks, the Beebes. Mr. Halt Perkins and others moved in soon 
after. The tovsrasLiij) was organized and named after the township of the same name in 
Ontario, N. Y , at the suggestion of Phillip Cudworth. This was done in the spring of 
1838, on the wood-pile of Mr. Perkins, who had settled on the ridge. The meeting to or- 
ganize the town was called to meet at his house, and, the house being small and the meet- 
ing large, it was adjoiu-ned to the wood-pile, where elbow room wasplenty, and the young 
township was brought into being and pioperly named there. 

The land on which the village of Richmond is situated was mostly taken from the 
Government by Erastus Beebe, in 1835. and constituted for a long time his farm. The 
location was well chosen, being a joint where the ridge running north crosses that extend- 
ing from east to west, and a little more than one mile from the Gratiot Turnpike. Eras- 



^i: 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 779 

tus Beebe erected a shanty south of the village and kept bachelor's hall for a season, when, 
getting tired of this, he concluded to get married. He was in possession of a large white 
mare and an Indian pony of small size and malicious disposition, and of these the bridal 
cortege was made up. Placiug his bride upon the white mare, he bestrided the pony, and, 
as the i-oads were not of sufficient width to admit of riding side by side, he took the lead 
through the woods, she meekly following, in search of Squire Granger, who had just set- 
tled some two or three miles to the northeast. They found the Squire at work on his fal- 
low, who came to the house, washe<l his face, and in due form pronounced the pair man 
and wife, instead of husband and wife. On their return home, the neighbors came in, 
and they had a feast. Whether the wife was mai'ried more than her husband does not 
matter now. 

The fii'st school was taught in the house of Daniel Hall, a ijuilt being hung across 
the room for the purpose of partition. This school consisted of one-half dozen scholars, 
taught by Mahala \\'eeks. The following year, a small log schoolhouse was built neai' the 
Hall house, and Jliss Lucinda Clough became teacher. This gave place to the present 
house in the Hall District in 1852. 

That portion of the township known as the Ridge was the first to be settled from the 
trail and from the settlement at Ai'mada east, and then that between the villages of 1-tich- 
mond and Memphis north of Daniel Hall were the Simmonds. Cxeorge H. Stuart and the 
Gilberts, and the vacant spaces between their farms filled up fast. One of the first exhi- 
bitions of commercial enterprise was shown by George H. Stuart, whose domestic depart- 
ment was in a state of emptiness — or nearly so. He took his oxen and wagon, and, going 
to a mill on Mill Creek, he bought a load of cleai- pine lumber on credit With this 
he started south toward Birmingham. Having friends along the I'oad, he found ready 
and gi'atuitous entertainment until he reached that j)lace, where he exchanged the lumber 
for three barrels of superfine floiir, about as white as a good quality of shorts- ought to be. 
This flour he brought home, and with one he paid for his lumber, and had two barrels left. 

As the country began to be still more developed, the corner at Beebe' s was seen to be 
central, and symptoms of a village began to appear. A blacksmith shop was ]n\t up by 

Erastus Beebe and a grocery store by Jesse , and H. P. Beebe a general store. 

After a few years, the Richmond Post Office was kept by Phillip Cud worth; afterward, as 
follows: David Ward, Hiram Biu-k, H. P. Beebe. James M. Hicks. H. P. Beebe, D. G. 
Gleason, Seth Lathroj). H. P. Beebe — the present incumbent. 

The filace was known as Beebe's Corners until 1879. when an election was held under 
a village charter just granted. This was on the 31st of March of that year, and A. M. 
Keeler was elected President: A. G. Stone, Clerk: and W. H. Acker, Treasurer. The 
succeeding Presidents have been Thomas Conway and Sanford M. Stone. Del T. Sutton 
succeeded A. G. Stone as Clerk, and W. H. Acker has been Treasurer from the first. 

Upon the building of the Grand Trunk Railway, the village began to grow and busi- 
ness to thrive, and when, some years later, the Michigan Air-Line Railway made this a 
terminus, a still greater growth was manifest. Manufactories have sprung up and trades 
have multiplied. The stavo-mill, started by J. W. Cooper, made a market for timber and 
furnished employment to a large number of men. It has twice been destroyed by fire, 
and, with remarkable promptness, has been rebuilt, and is still in operation. The manu- 
factories of Theo Miller also fill a large place in the industries of the illage. The same 
is also true of Freeman & Knight's packing establishment, and other industries. A more 
extended history of the school will follow. 

TOWN ROSTEK. 

Supervisors -Hirou Hathaway, 1838-43: James Flower, 1843-45; Linus S. Gilbert, 



■jPy 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



1845-46; Plinv Corbiu, 1846-47; Isaac B. Gilbert, 1847-52; Hiron Hatliawaj, 1852-53; 
Isaac B. CHlb'ert, 1S53-54; George H. Stewart, 1854-56; Isaac B. Gilbert, 1856-59; 
Daniel Flagler. 1859-62; Oscar A. Burgess, 1862-67; Isaac B. Gilbert, 1867-68: Daniel 
Flagler, 1868-69; Charles J. Heath, 1869-70; Hiram Burke, 1870-71; George H Stewart, 
1871-72; Daniel Flagler, 1872-74; Thomas Dawson, 1874-78 ; George L. Perkins, 
1878-79; Thomas Dawson. 1879-82. 

Justices of the Peace -William P. Simmons, 1838; Jesse Welden, 1838; James 
Flower, 1838; Horace Ewell, 1838; Isaac B. Gilbert, 1839; James Flower, 1839; Pliny 
Corbin, 1840; Isaac B. Gilbert, 1842; Jesse Welden, 1842; James Flower, 1843; Plinv 
Corbin, 1844; Daniel Hall, 1845, Abel Sabin, 1846; Jesse Welden, 1847; George Per- 
kins, 1848; Daniel Flagler, 1849; Daniel Hall, 1849; Linus S. Gilbert, 1850; James 
Henderson, 1850; James Sage, 1871; Caleb Miller, 1851; D.aniel G. Stowe. 1852; Sey- 
mour Allen, 1853; AVilliam S. Smith, 1853; Samuel S. Ealsie, 1854; Ira Spencer. 1855; 
John Hicks, 1855; Amassey W. Sutton, 1855; Pendleton Ogden, 1856; Isaac B. Gilbert, 
1857; Randolph Arnold, 1858; Daniel Flagler, 1859; George L. Perkins, 1859; A. W. 
Sutton, 1859; O. S. Burgess, 1860; C. S.Arnold. 1860; Willard Chiu-ch, 1861 ; George L. 
Perkins, 1861; Lovell Arnold, 1862; Daniel Flagler, 1863; Oscar S. Burgess, 1864; 
William D. Walton, 1864; Fayette Harris, 1864; Oscar S. Bm-gess, 1865; George L. 
Perkins, 1865; George H Stuart, 1866; James S. Durfee, 1866; William D Walton, 
1867; David H. Olney, 1868, O. L. Bui-gess, 186)8; A. W. Sutton, 1869; Josiah Kings- 
bury, 18()9; J. S. Dm-fee, 1870-73; I. H. Sutton, 1871; O. S. Burgess, 1872; Chester L. 
Dudley, 1873; James S. Durfee, 1874; Sanford M. Stone, 1875; William H. Morris, 
1876; Sherman S. Eaton and Gilbert, 1877: Manlv C. Perry, A. G. Stone, 1880; S. S. 
Eaton, 1881. 

Clerks- Henrv P. Beebe, 1856-57; Oscar S. Burgess, 1858; Henry P. Beebe, 1859-62; 
Charles J. Heath, 1863-68; James M Hicks, 1869; Simon H. Heath, 1870; George Peck, 
1871; John G. Aiken, 1872; Thurston C. Knight, 1873; H. A. Haskiu, 1874; George M. 
Granger, 1875-76; H. A. Haskins, 1876-78; James S. Hasting.s, 1879; Simon H. Heath, 
1880-82. 

Treasurers John B. Ellsworth, 1856; Jerome B. Graves, 1857 59 ; Russell E. 
Combs, 1860-61; James L. Sutton, 1862; Alfred H. Newcomer, 1863-64; William M. 
Eaton, 1865-66; Simon H. Heath, 1867-')9; Reuben Burgess, 1870-71; James H.Sutton, 
1872-73; Simon H. Heath, 1874-77; Israel Drver, 1878; George W. Carman, 1879-80; 
Frank W. Fenner, 1881-82. 

In Richmond there was no opposition to the Republican ticket in 1882. Thomas 
Dawson was elected Supervisor. S. H. Heath, Clerk, and F. W. Fenner, Treasm'er. 

The agricultiu-al products of Richmond, according to the Supervisors' report, com- 
pleted in the spring of 1874. were as follows: Wheat, 20,099 bushels; corn, 22,044 bush- 
els; all other kinds of grain, 61.489 bushels; potatoes. 10,413 bushels. All other yields 
in like proportion. The statistics of the last few years show a most remarkable advance 
in production. 

In 1850, Richmond contained a population of 1.000; in 1S73. it had increased to 2.- 
105, and in 1880, to 2,611. 

With the villages and the large agricultural interests of the township, Ricnmoud 
forms a most important portion of the county. The township is plentifully supplied with 
chiu'ches, schoolhouses, and industrial and manufacturing institutions, which, combined, 
conduce to the morality, intelligence, wealth and prosperity of its inhabitants. Blessed 
with these various sources of general worth, Richmond cannot f;iil to increase in popula- 
tion and value in the future, with even greater rapidity than has characterized it in the 
past. 



RrCIIMOXD VILLAGE. 

Tliis village was settled ia 1832. It is located near the junction of the Michigan 
Air-Line and Grand Trunk Railroads, thirty-nine miles northeast of Detroit, foiu-teen 
northeast of Mt. Clemens, seventeen miles west of the St. Clair River, and five miles south 
of Memphis. The IMethodist. Baptist, Free Methcdist and Congregational societies have 
houses of worship within the village. A weekly newspaper named the Richmond Review 
is published by Del T. Sutton. The post office is conducted by Henry P. Beebe. Among 
the business men of the village are W. H. Acker, George W. Kenfield, D. T. Obert, Orrin 
B. Reed, John G. Akin, B. F^ Doty, R, S. Freeman, Daniel G. Gleason, Hosea Fuller, D. 
L. Harrison, John M. Johnson. James W. Coojier, David L. Raoelye. Alex Caster, A. B. 
Batty, J. L. Sutton, D. J. Lathrop, Theo Miller. A. W. Reed', Joseph Connell, W. E. 
Walton, John A^'elsh, A. Y. Wright, Thomas A. Leach, Seth Lathrop, Christian Kihen and 
Simon H. Heath. 

TOWNSHIP sriiooi.s IN 1881. 

The first district school was organized April 7. 1838. The three pupils — James M. 
Hix, Eliza A. Hix and William Hall — with two other chikb-en, studied under Miss Mahal 
la Weeks, the first teacher. 



District 
District 
District 
District 
District 
District 
District 
District 
District 
District 
District 
District 
District 

Totals. 



1 (fractional). 



4 (fractional). 

5 

6 



Number Pupils. „ ,, ^^'T'" 
^ School Moil 



9 (fractional). 
10 (fractional). 

11 

12 (fractional). 
13 



292 
60 
59 
65 
59 



IT 
25 
29 
54 
202 



$309 83 
63 67 
62 60 
68 97 
62 60 
30 77 
46 ()9 
.■>5 18 
18 04 
26 .53 
30 77 
57 30 
214 33 



H 90 
1 00 



I 09 
99 



29 

42 

49 

91 

3 38 



$314 73 
64 67 
63 59 
70 06 
63 59 
31 26 
47 42 
56 05 
18 33 
26 95 
31 26 
58 21 
217 71 



$1047 28 



116 .55 



$1063 83 



Note— Tlie ilirect tax fcr sch.icl purposes for the year 188t-82 Wivs $:!,322.36, which added to the above makes a grand total of 
»4,3sei9. 

The taxes assessed in Richmond Township for the year 1881-8'-' are as follows: State 
and county taxes, $4,567.97; township tax, 1785; di-ain tax, $188.60, assessed to town, 
drain tax to individuals, 1167. The school district taxes and the mill tax was $3,322.36; 

The professions are represented by Oscar S. Bm-gess, Chauncey R. Canfield, Joseph 

Chubb and Addison G. Stone, lawyers; Daniel G. Gleason. O. F. Reed, Garlick, 

Clark, Clement L. Chandler, I. Mills and Mrs. Sarah F. Kenfield, physicians; D. M. Clark 
and Frank Emerson, dentists. 

Among the business enterprises of the village may be mentioned the egg and butter 
trade of Freeman & Knight. This was inaugurated in 1872, under the fii-m name of 
Knowlton & Freeman (John A. Knowlton and Hariiip Freeman), dealing in both butter 
and eggs the entire season in Western New York and in Macomb. This continued fonr 
years, when the New York branch was dropped, and the firm became Freeman & Doty. 
This continued one year, when Doty retired, and Cooper & Knight entered the firm for a 
term of two years.' The style of the business at present is H. Freeman & Co. in the 
butter branch, and Freeman & Knight, of the egg branch. The business has gi-own fi-om 
an annual shipment of 600 to 700 barrels to 3,000 to 4,000 barrels of eggs, and 250,000 



~® "V 



4^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



pounds of butter, requiring an expenditure of $120,000 annually, and giving constant em- 
])loyment to twenty-five men and five teams. They annually preserve in solution 100,000 
dozen of eggs, and hold an equal quantity in cold storage. The buildings are situated on 
Main street, and consist of a refrigerator, a brick building 26x56, with basement; a ware- 
house 26x80, two stories high and basement; and have in contemplation a brick ware- 
house 26x40; have also a storing cellar, capable of storing 2,000 barrels, and a large re- 
packing cellar; also an ice-house, whose capacity is 700 tons. 

The Richmond Post Office was established in 1840, with Phillip Cudworth as first 
Postmaster. David Wai'd was appointed in 1844; Hiram Burk, in 1848; H. P. Beebe. 
in 18,-)!, James M. Hicks, in 1854; H. P. Beebe, in 1860; D. G. Gleasou, in 18(56; Seth 
Lathrop, in 1869; and H. P. Beebe, in 1872. 

THK li.Vl'TIST (IIU'KCII OF RI('[I.\IO.VD VILL.\GE. 

Previous to the year 1869, the residents of the village who were of the Baptist per- 
suasion worshiped in private houses, and at such times as circumstances seemed to favor. 
Prayer meetings were held in a small building rented by Dr. 8. F. Teall, and a Sabbath 
school was organized at about the same time, with seven scholars. This building is now 
the Lenox Post Office. The organization of the church was efi'ected June 15, 1869, with 
Manson Farrar, Deacon; H. F. JDou 'lass. Clerk; and D. Stewart, Treasurer; and a Board 
of six Trustees; Rev. Silas Finn, pastor, and a membership of twelve persons. 

March 1, 1870, a meeting was held preparatory to building a house of worship, which 
was almost immediately commenced, and was completed February 25, 1871. It was sit- 
uated on a lot donated for the purpose by the late Mr. Gillet. The annual meetings of 
the society were regularly observed till 1880, when the society re-organized under the new 
law. August 17, 1880, a lot was bought of Thomas Conway for $100, on which the society 
proceeded to erect a parsonage. This building was completed the same year, at a cost of 
$600. Mrs. A. W. Reed was the financial agent to raise this fund, and met with remark- 
able success. The society is provided with an organ, a bell, horse-sheds, and other reqiiire- 
ments for the good of the religious service, and is out of debt. Estimated value, $5,000. 
The other religious societies of Richmond are fully regarded in the general history of the 
county. 

MUMI'IIIS \'ILL.\<ii;. 

Memphis was settled in 1835, and incorporated as a village in 1865. In 1878, its 
[)opulation was stated to be 800, while at present that portion of it in Macomb County 
is only 600. This village is prettily located on Belle River, on the line between 
Macomb and St. Clair Counties, twenty-seven miles northeast of Mt. Clemens, twenty- 
two miles southwest of Port Hm-on, and seven miles north of Richmond, and 
about the same distance northeast of Ai'mada. There are three churches in the vil- 
lage, viz.: The Congi'egational, Methodist and Adventist, with a graded school. 
The first efibrt to reclaim the land now occupied by the village of Memphis was made 
by the Wells family, one member of which still lives just north of the village. James 
Wells, the father, was boi'n in Albany in 1772, a descendant of one of two brothers who 
emigrated fr.^m England and settled in New York shortly prior to the war of the Revolu- 
tion. His family consisted of three sons and three daughters, of whom one son and one 
daughter are living. Their house, a comfortable log one, covered with shingles, was the 
first structure oi any kind to succeed the wigwams of the Indians, and, in good old pio- 
neer style, for all pm-poses of hospitality or for meetings, the latch-string was always out. 
The family had dealings to considerable extent, and learned much of tlieir ways, and bear 
testimony that in nearly all instances they were honest in their dealings and faithful to 
their promises. Especial mention is made of the good qualities of John Riley, the Chip- 



Ik, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. "f?83 

pewa chief. His family and that of Black Cloud, with some others, were leading spirits 
among them. At this time (1835), the former owned a tract of land granted by Govern- 
ment at what is now Port Hui-on, on the south of Black River. Only two houses — one log 
and one frame— were to be seen at that point. John Riley was born in the Mohawk Val- 
ley, of a Cxerman father and Indian mother, and possessed greater intelligence than the 
full Indian. He, with many of his tribe, made annual visits to the wonds near the vil- 
lage for the purpose of making maple sugar, coming in February or March, and retm-n- 
ing when the season was over. In the spring of 1836, he came early for this purpose, 
and one pleasant Sunday, as he would not allow any work to be done that day, he took a 
walk in the woods, accompanied with a boy. Coming upon a large hollow log, which 
had the appearance of being the home of some animal, he said to the boy, '' Abs-co-in, 
Hash-a-pun"' (John, a raccoon)! directing the boy to crawl in the log and investigate. 
The young Abs-co-in soon came out with great speed, shouting " Mo-quash! mo-quash" 
(A bear! a bear)! Riley drew his hatchet, and, as the bear's head appeared, struck her a 
powerful blow with the edge of the weapon, burying it in her brains. She weighed over 
fom- hundred j)Ounds, and furnished material for a continuous feast. The Indians gave 
names to the whites to correspond with some habit or commemorate some gift. The elder 
Mr. Wells they called " Mo-quash " (bear) because he was a hunter of that animal. Abram 
Wells was " Caw-ke-chee " (porcupine); he had given them a porcupine, the flesh of which 
they relish. Anthony Wells was " Mish-a-wah " (elk): William Wells. '• Wah-wa-cash " 
(deer): Mr. Welch, " Mus-co-dance ' ' (Indian hole or clearing), from the fact that he 
bought land on which there was an Indian field, on which there were bearing apple trees 
when the whites arrived. Riley afterward retired to the Saginaw country, where he died 
in lNfi2. His lirst wife was buried on land since known as the '' Fitz Patrick " place, and. 
as the roads came to be straightened and worked, her body was e.^humed and stolen away. 
One of the chiefs of this tribe, Macompte, went to England previous to this time, and per- 
formed the feat of shooting an apple, held in the lingers of one of the royal family, with 
his rifle. The bullet pierced the apple, and the hand was unhurt. Tip-se-co. an Indian 
well known to the settlers of Macomb, also made a visit to the same country. He was a 
man of great speed and skill in wrestling, his principal feat being to run to a stake ten 
rods away and retiun before a horse and rider could make the like trip. This Indian is 
still living in Isaliella County. 

The next family in the place was that of Potter; then Welch, Moore, Slater. Mansfield, 
etc. The first death was that of Bird, the first school-teacher, who was born in a lot a 
little south of the Congi-egational Chiu'ch. which Wells had designed for a cemetery. The 
wife of Joshua Eaton was the next to be bm-ied here. Her body was afterwai-d removed, 
but that of Bird still lies where it was placed. 

In the winter of 1836-37. an Indian went out hunting and did not return. A hea\7 
snow-storm prevailing at the time obliterated all traces of him, and, although a thorough 
search was made, he could not be found. One day in spring, 1837. as Hartford Phillips 
was piloting a few lumberers through the woods, a gun was discovered standing by a tree, 
and, near by. the body of the missing Indian, crushed beneath the fallen tree, which he 
had chopped down. "The Indians identified the body and bvtried it. Tliree years later, 
the httfe settlement was called to mom-n its first fatal accident — the death of Anthony 
Wells. About this time.' Carleton Sabin jmrohased of Wells the eighty-acre lot on which 
the southwest corner of the village is located, and lots were generally sold over the plat. 
It was discovered that an excellent water-power existed here, which was developed in 1840 
by Oel Rix and Dr. Sabin. The latter built a saw-mill, while the former built a flom-ing- 
mill. The nearest post office was six miles distant, at Phillip Cudworth's; but now the 
Memphians sought for an office of their own, which they did not succeed in obtaining 



;t^ 



until eio-ht years later- The naming of the village was then taken up. Belle River 
passes through the northern portion of the village, and so some of its inhabitants urged 
the adoption of the name Belleview. Others, who admired James G. Birney and his 
party, desired it should be named Birney; while others urged the name Riley, in honor 
of the Indian chief who resided there. The name Memphis was suggested at length, and 
adopted. The first physician was Dr. Sabin, who came in 1844, and remained there until 
1854. He was succeeded in practice by Dr. Cole. 

The first religious services held in the " Wells Settlement" was at the house of Mr. 
Wells, and was conducteil by Mrs. Chilson, whose son now lives in the village. This wo- 
man was a member of the M. E. Church, and, having the ability to adckess an audience 
in public, she thought herself called to preaching, which she did on many occasions. This 
was in the year of 1S37. Soon after this. Elder Simons also preached in the house of 
Mr. Wells. In 1839, a Baptist Church was formed at the house of William Smith, who 
lived south of the village. The members at theorgauization were William Smith. William 
Wells, George. William and Deborah Simmons and their mother, Mrs. William Smith, 
Johanna Eaton and wife, J. Eaton, Jr., and wife, Soloman Eaton, old Mrs. Wells and 
Durfee Simmons, who was chosen Deacon. A house of worship was built for the church 
just formed, in the south part of the settlement, on the east side of the street. This was 
a small building, and was afterward removed south and turned into a dwelling house. No 
other edifice of that denomination has since been erected. Dm-ing the summer of 1837, 
a Sabbath school was organized, which was not imder the care of any denomination, but 
joined in by all. Sabbath school exercises have been held almost continuously since that time. 

The Methodist class was the next to be formed, and in 1840 the Congregational 
Church was formed. This was eflected at the house of Deacon A. Gilbert, under the ad- 
vice and direction of Rev. Seth Hardy, of Romeo. 

Seventeen members constituted the chui-ch at its organization, six of whom were from 
Romeo. Their house of worship was built in 1842. The Methodist house was erected a 
few years later. The first pastor of the Congi-egational Chm-ch was Rev. Charles Kel- 
logg, in 1841. He was succeeded by Rev. AV. P. Russell, who labored with the church 
for the welfare of the community from July, 1848, to the time of his death, in 1880. 

The first school was taught by jVIr. Bird, in a small log schoolhouse which stood on 
the west side of the village, in the town of Riley. This man was a great believer in the 
efficacy of the "birch" in subduing the total depravity of average childhood, and it was 
perseveriugly applied on the slightest provocation. The first female teacher was Harriet 
Stewart. 

Marriages were undoubtedly celebrated at an early date, but who was first doth not 
yet a})pear. Miron Salisbury and Amelia S. Ellenwood were the fii'st couple married by 
Rev. W. P. Russell, and he did his work in so satisfactory a manner that he was called 
upon afterward to unite the fates of 396 pairs. 

The first frame building was a barn erected for Anthony Wells; the first house, a 
small frame one, by Mr. Rix; but the first substantial residence was that of Lewis Gil- 
bert, in 1840, which" is doing good service still. The first store was that of Oel Rix, who 
had a small stock of goods to meet the needs of his workmen. Among the fu-st settlers of 
Memphis still living among us may be mentioned Hartfort Phillips, who was born in Chen- 
ango County, N. Y., in 1809. and came to Memphis in 1836, having lived here continu- 
ously since that time. His wife, Polly Wade, of Rhode Island, a descendant of Roger 
Williams, of Pm-itan fame, died in 1879, at the age of seventy-three years. There are 
others also who have given the helping hand to all the industries and improvements of 
the village, and to them all we say, peace to the closing days of life, and joy in the bright 
hereafter. 



^1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 785 

The village of Memphis was incorporated in the South Schoolhovise, on the 4th day 
of April, 1865. The name was given some ten years previously. A portion of the citi- 
zens wished the young village to have the name Birney, after J. G. Birney. Others 
wanted the name Belleview, as the Belle River passed tlu-ough the place. The name Mem- 
phis, however, prevailed, which was given after the Egyptian city, and custom has made 
firm the name then suggested. An election was hekl on the date above given, at which 
the following were chosen: Sherman S. Eaton. President: Lewis Granger, Linus Gilbert, 
Oel Rix, Solon Spafford, Joseph M. Beach. Hiram Bm'ii, Trustees; L. G. Sperry. Clerk: 
Orrin Granger, Treasurer. 

The principal village officers from 18f5G to the persent time ai'e as follows: 

1866 — Sherman S. Eaton, President: Clark B. Hall, Clerk; O. Granger, Treasm-er. 

1867 — W. P. Russell, President; Ezra Hazen, Clerk; George L. Perkins, Treasurer. 

1868 — R. B. King, President: Joseph H Dutton, Clerk; Orrin Granger, Treasurer. 

1869 — Lewis Granger, Pre.sident; .Joseph H. Dutton, Clerk: H. C. Mansfield, Treas- 
urer. 

1870 -Augustus M. Hodges, President; H. C. Mansfield. Treasurer; J. H. Dutton, 
Clerk. _ 

18(1— A. M. Hodges. President; J. H. Dutton, Clerk; H. C. Mansfield, Treasurer. 

1872 — Hiram Burk. President; J. M. Dutton, Clerk; H. C. Mansfield, Treasurer. 

1873 — Sherman Eaton, President; J. H. Dutton, Clerk; H. C. Mansfield, Treasurer. 

1874 — Sherman S. Eaton, President; J. H. Dutton, Clerk; H. C. Mansfield, Treasurer. 

1875 — George L. Perkins, President; H. C. Mansfield, Clerk; Chester S. Gilbert, 
Treasurer. 

1876— G. L. Perkins, President; J. H. Dutton, Clerk; H. C. Mansfield, Treasurer. 

1877 — Francis E. Spencer, President; J. H. Dutton, Clerk; H. C. Mansfield, Treas- 
urer. 

1878 —Sherman S. Eaton, President; J. H. Dutton. Clerk; H. C. Mansfield, Treasurer. 

1879 — Sherman S. Eaton, President: George W. Carman, Clerk; Chester S. Gilbert, 
Treasurer. 

1880 — Joseph H. Dutton, President; George H. Carman. Clerk; C. S. Gilbert. Treas- 
urer. 

1881 —J. H. Dutton, President: G. W. Carman, Clerk: C. S. Gilbert, Treasurer. 

The village election passed oft' very quietly in April, 1882. There were three tickets 
in the field, designated the Village, People's and Flag. Only 175 tickets were cast, of 
which 28 were straight — Village. 19; People's 5; Flag, 4. A large amount of slipping 
was done by different candidates. Below is the result of the election: 

For President — Sanford M. Stone (village), 132; Oscar S. Bm-gess (people's), H(); 
scattering, 4. 

For Trustees — Adam W. Reed (village and flag), 91; Zenas Corey (village and flag), 
136; Theodore Miller (village and flag), 99; August Beier (people's), 29; John M. Johnson 
(people's), 92; George \V. Weston (people's), 74; scattering. 2. 

For Clerk — Adelbert T. Sutton (village). 108: Addison G. Stone (people's), 57: A. 
Martin Keeler (flag), 7; scattering. 3. 

For Treasm-er — William H. Acker (village), 138; Thomas Conway (people's), 37. 

For Assessor —Simon H. Heath (village), 133; William D. Clark (people's). 30; John 
^1. Johnson (flag), ID; scattering, 2. 

For Street Commissioner — -James L. Sutton (village), 120; Ambrose J. Hancock (peo- 
ple's), 54; scattering, 1. 

For Constable — William E. Jarvis (village), 137: James M. Hicks (people's). 35; 
Israel Dryer (flag). K'; scattering, 1. 



^1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



This leaves the Council the same as in 1881, with the exception of John M. Johnson 
in the place of E. S. Hunt. The result seems to give General satisfaction. 

The Memphis Post Office was established in 1S48, with Harry Rix as first Postmaster. 
His successors in office were: F. E. Gilbert. L. S. Gilbert, Thomas Robson. George 
Robson, S P. Spaliford. James M. Beach, William Jenkinson, Orrin Granger, H. C. 
Mansfield, and George W. Carman, the present Postmaster. 

PEUSONAL ULSTORY. 

We complete the history of this township with the biographies of many of its most 
I)ul)lic-spirited and best citizens. In the pages devoted to them, much that is historically 
valuable is given. 

MRS. SANFORD C. ALLEN (Helen Stone), daughter of Solomon Stone, of Richmond 
Township, was born November 27, 1822; commenced teaching school in New York 
at the age of fourteen, and taught several terms; man-ied, in 184U, to Sanford C. Allen, a 
native of Tompkins County. N. Y., who engaged in the business of a furniture-dealer at 
Almont, Lapeer County, where he died in 1852; one son, Sanford C. Allen, born Octo- 
berlS , 1852: and a son who died in infancy. Mrs. Allen again engaged in teaching 
most of the time for fifteen years of her residence at Almont. In 1872, Mrs. Allen en- 
gaged as teacher in the school at Armada two years of her residence at that place; re- 
moved to Richmond Village in 1875, where she now resides. Mrs. Allen has been a faith- 
ful and efficient teacher, and is kindly remembered by her numerous pupils. S. C. -lllen 
was born October 18, 1852; received an education at the village of Almont. and was in the 
drug store uf Vincent, at Armada, three years, and, on removing to Richmond, engaged 
in various pursuits in the village; was married, July 4. 1880, to Clara Gorshin. of Can- 
ada: she was born December 20, 18r)2; they have one child. Charles B., born April 8, 
1881. Mr. Allen is a thoi'ough and active business man, and a Republican in politics. 

ASA ALLEN was the son of Barber Allen, a native of Vermont, who afterward re- 
moved to Genesee County, N. Y.. and died in 1838; his mother was Mary Peiry, a native of 
Vermont. Asa was born in Genesee County, N. Y., Le Roy Township, October 4, 1825; 
in 1850, married Ellen Sanford, of Genesee, and at once removed to Lenawee and located 
100 acres of land, which he improved and sold, going to Eaton County, Mich., and bought 
300 acres near the village of Yermontville, which he soon sold, and retm-ned to New York; 
in 1857, again took the Michigan fever, and arrived in Macomb County March 15 of that 
year, and bought land in Lenox Township, which he kept eight years, then bought a farm 
near Richmond Village, and set out 1,100 apple trees and a large quantity of other fruits. 
While living on this farm, his wife died, January 25, 18()7. Frank E., born September 
18, 1852: Emma J., born April 1, 1856, died in 1878; Kate Alida, born March 10, 1858; 
Harley F., born October 26, 1862. The three oldest are now living in Oregon. In March, 
1877, he sold the farm and erected a residence in the village of Richmond, and entered 
on the biisiness of house carpentering three years then engaged in the sale of agricultural 
implements; he is at present engaged in the grocery trade in the village. Mr. Allen helped 
to cut down the first tree used in the erection of the M. E. Church, and has been a mem 
ber since that time; in politics, a Republican. Father Barber Allen served in the war of 
1812, at the siege of Buffalo; grandfather was a soldier of the Revolution, married again, 
Mrs. D. A. Terry. September 18. 18<)7; she is a native of Wyoming, N. Y. ; one son, Charles, 
born July 26, 1862. 

REV. WILLIAM ALLINGTON was born in England July 15. 1822; was educated 
in his native country, and ordained as pastor of the Methodist Church; came to America 
May 12, 1853, and became Pastor of the Baptist Church in Maumee, Ohio; then went to 
East Toledo, and, in 1861), to Macomb County, staying one yeai' in Ai-mada Village as 









Pastor of the Baptist Church; he then removed to Richmond Village, where he now re- 
sides; during this time, he has traveled over many of the States and Canada, lecturing on 
scientific and literary subjects, and has maintained services in a great many places in our 
country, and is still so engaged. He was married, in England, to Miss Passmore; mar- 
ried, again. Miss Thompson, of England, in ISHfi, at Toledo, Ohio, and has three children 
— William, born in September, 1853, now manager of the telephone and telegraph com- 
panies of La Salle, 111.; Harriet, born December 2, 1868; Sarah, July !'.», 1870. He en- 
tered the army as Chaplain of the Ninety- fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry; was engaged 
in twelve battles and skirmishes, and injured in three of them; served three and one-fourth 
years. He and others had raised this regiment at Clark and neighboring counties, and he 
should have been elected Colonel, for which he was well fitted, having been educated in 
the military maniial of England: but in his absence, political influence was brought to bear, 
and another man was chosen, and he became Chaplain. His creed in politics is " the best 
man in the best place." 

ERASTUS M. BEEBE, brother of Henry P. Beebe, was born in Lewis County, town 
ship of Denmark, October 1 1 . 1801). He took up laud here from the Government under 
the Presidency of Martin Van Buren. He owned the land whereon the village of Rich- 
mond now stands, and laid out the plat of the town, and sold lots therein to the value of 
$25,000 and upward. He was married, by Elisha Granger, in the township of Columbus, 
March 2U, 1838, to Sophronia, daughter of Consider Ewell, of Massachusetts. At the 
time of this marriage, the contracting parties went in search of a Justice on a couple of 
ponies bought of Black Cloud, father of the famous Tipseco; the road was not wide 
enough to drive side by side, so they went Indian file; they found the Justice at work in 
the fallow; he came to the house and washed his face and performed the ceremony, when 
they returned to their shanty and held a pioneer feast. They had nine children, seven of 
whom are living — Helen T.. born February 1, 1839: Henry C., born September 18, 1840; 
Porter E., born October 25, 1843: Marion S., born March 27, 1S40: Rhoda A., born Octo- 
ber 1, 1847: Eliza M., born August 22, 1850; William S., born December 22, 1853; May 
R., born October 27, 1854; Sarah R., born June 2(i, 1858. Mrs. Beebe died August l", 
1867. He was married again, to Mrs. Helen A. Stowe, of New York. Mr. Beebe has 
never used tobacco in any form, and never drank a glass of li(jUor, nor paid for one for any 
one else to drink. He is a member of the Congregational Church. Mrs. Erastus Beebe was a 
davighter of John Adams, of Dutchess County. N. Y. ; his father. Ebenezer Adams, was born 
in Quincy, Mass., and was a relative of John Quincy Adams: she was born April 25, 1811 : 
was married, in 1829, to D. B. Stow, a native of Columbia County, N. Y'., also a Massa- 
chusetts man; he died in 1852, in Kingston, N. Y' ; she remained a widow twenty years, 
and, in 1872, married E. Beebe, and has remained in Richmond Village since that time; 
she is a woman of culture and refinement; on her mother's side, she is a descendant of 
Chancellor Livingston, of N. Y. , and is also a grand-niece of Peter Stuyvesant, the first 
Governor of New York; she witnessed many of the scenes of the anti-rent troubles on the 
Hudson; she was born in Hudson, N. Y.. and passed much of her life in that vicinit}'. 

ALEXANDER BEEBE, brother of E. M. , came to Macomb County late in the same 
year, and located land in another part of the town; he kept the hotel in this place a num- 
ber of years. He married PriscillaComstock September 14, 1832; raised a family of four 
children, and died June 2, 1879; Mrs. Beebe died September 23, 18r)7; their childi-en were 
Eliza J., born October 2. 1833, married May :, 1855; Martha M.,born February 15, 1835, 
man-ied February 25, 1857; Almira, born May 12, 1840, married February 25, 1857: Ann 
Beebe, born December 17, married March 11, 1866. 

HENRY P. BEEBE. son of Henry and Betsey Archer, he a native of Chatham, N. 
Y. , and she of Springfield, Mass. : his father died at Gainesville, N. Y., at the age of fifty 



years; the mother died at Richmond December 24, 1859, at the age of seventy-nine: was 
born in Chatham. Cohimbia Co., N. Y., November 29, 1817; in the year 1818, moved on 
the Holland Piu-chase, N. Y. ; April, 1S3<'), Chauncy Smith, Sr., and son, Chester, H. M. 
Cm'tis, John Knssell. Hiram Burke, E. Palmer (who afterward went to Jackson County), 
H. P. and Erastus Beeb<s. these started from Gainesville on foot for Cleveland;- this journey 
was made in eight days; then took passage on the steamer Robert Fulton for Detroit, 
then to Mt. Clemens on foot, to Ai-mada, to the house of Elijah Burk; located the Beebe 
land in Richmoud Township, where the village of Richmond now stands; at a point where 
the ridge which runs east and west crosses the one running north and south, expecting that 
a village would be located here at some time, in which they were correct; the others locat- 
ed near by; they cut the bridge road eight miles form Armada to get here. Mr. Beebe 
was married, September 22, 1850, to Ellen M.. daughter of Jeny Norton, a native of Con- 
necticut; she was born February 27, 1830. in Portage County. Ohio; they have had three 
childi-en — J. Asher, born July 8. 1851, and living at Fort Gratiot; Stella E.. born August 
5, 1852, married and lives in Chicago, III.; May E., born June 5, 1865. Mr. Beebe was 
Postmaster of the village for thirtj^ years, except about six years, and still holds the oiSce. 
At first, he was a Whig, but is now a strong Republican. Mi-. Beebe was engaged for two 
years in the copper mines, in 1S47 and 1848. Mrs. Beebe has been a member of the M. 
E. Chm-ch for many years. 

LEMUEL BISSELL, sou of Lemiiel Bissell and Mary Beaumont, was born Decem- 
ber 20, 1853, at Ahmednuggui', India; his father, a native of Counecticut, was born at East 
Windsor in that State; he graduated from the Western Reserve College of Ohio, and went 
as a missionary to India in 1851, under the A. B. C. F. M., where they are both still en- 
gaged. The subject of this sketch spent the first ten years of his life in India; lived two 
years in Milan, Ohio, then removed to Mt. Clemens, Mich., to live with his uncle, attended 
the schools of Mt. Clemens, and was under the tuition of the Rev. H. N. Bissell six years; 
entered the Western Reserve College: graduated fi-om that institution in 1876; he then 
taught in public schools in Kansas; spent three years in Yale Divinity School; graduated 
from this institution in 1880, and at once located as pastor of the Congregational Church 
at Memphis, Mich., in which place he is still located. He was mairied, Octoter 20. 1880. 
to Miss Anna A., daughter of Alfred Wolcott. of Boston, Summit Co., Ohio; she was torn 
February 23, 1856; her mother, Mary A. Scoville, was a native of Connecticut; the father, 
of Ohio: IVL's. Bissell attended the union schools of the county and the seminaries of Hud- 
son; spent four years in Lake Erie Female Seminary at Gainesville, graduating in 1879. 

EGBERT L. BRIGGS. Principal of the Union School of Richmond Village, was 
born at Chesterfield Township, Macomb County, December 27, 1855; he is the son of Jer- 
rub Briggs and Harriet Leonard, natives of Y'ates and Seneca Counties, N. Y., who were 
pioneers of that township: his mother was a teacher in the public schools of Southern 
Macomb for a number of years prior to her marriage. The subject of this sketch received 
the elements of his education in the schools of his township, then attended the Union 
School at Utica, this county; thence went to the university in 1880 and 1881 ; taught four 
terms in the public schools, and two years, 1875 and 1876, at New Haven Village; then 
became Principal of the Union School of the village of Richmond three years; at the close 
of this engagement, he entered the university as student: in September, 1881, again ac- 
cepted the Principalship of the Union School of Richmond Village, in which he is now 
engaged. Mr. Briggs is thoroughly identified with the work of education in the couuty, 
an active member and officer in its educational organizations, and a member of the State 
Teachers" Association. In political preferences, he is a Republican, and in church rela- 
tionship, a Congrtgationalist. 

HIRAM BURK, son of Elijah and Hannah (Root) Burk, was born in Oswego County, 



tht. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



N. Y., February 17, 1810; his father, a native of Vermont, born at Woodstock: removed 
to Macomb in the spring of 1833; lived some years, and retm'ued to New York, where he 
died about 18()0, at the age of eighty-seven; his mother, a native of Connecticut, born at 
Windsor, died at Gainesville, Genesee Count}', in 1829; the relatives did protective duty 
both in the Revolutionary war and in the war of 1812. The subject of this sketch re- 
ceived his scanty schooling in the schools of his neighborhood, and worked upon the farm 
until 1836, when he removed to Macomb, locating land near the village of Richmond, 
which he cleared up and provided with suitable buildings, and occupied about twenty 
years, and then sold; remove , to Memphis Village, buying there a farm and tannery, 
which he soon sold, buying again, in the same locality, land on which he now lives; on 
this place he has erected a fine residence and surrounded himself with all the comforts of 
life; was married, in 1838, to Harriet Woodruff, of Genesee County; she was born in 
Litchfield, Conn., in 1815, July 18. Hortense, born September 22. 1845, died November 
15, 1848; Francelio, born August 23, 1849, married J. D. Turnbull and lives at Alpena, 
Mich., a member of Legislatui'e; Eugene, born March t), 1854, living at home. Mrs. 
Burk is a member of the Congregational Church. For many years Mr. Bui-k, was an officer 
in his township; he vvas a Whig, and became a Republican at the formation of that party. 

JOSEPH G. CARMAN, son of Joseph and Mina (Leete) Carman, she a native of Con- 
necticut and he of Eastern New York, was born in Greene County, N. Y., May 1, 1819; 
came to Macomb September 15, 1853; lived in Romeo a short time, and settled in Mem- 
phis in 1854, as a farmer, near the village, where he lives at the present time. He was 
married, September 1 5, 1846, to Susan Louisa Cirould, of Essex County, N. J. ; she was 
born in January, 1819; they had five sons, only one of whom survives. Mrs. Carman died 
November 4) l856. George W. was born in New York August 28, 1852; lived at home, 
except three years which he spent in lake survey, until his marriage. October 25, 1876, to 
Harriet H, Lacy, of New York State, Livingston County, born June 18. 1856; they have 
two children— Ruth, born July 23, 1877; and Francis L., born August 19, 1880. Mr. 
George W. Carman has been Treasurer of the township of Richmond two years, aud has 
been Postmaster of the village same time, aud holds the office at the present time. The 
mother of Joseph Carman, Mina Leete, is a direct descendant of Gov. William Leete, of 
Guilford. Conn., who was Governor of Connecticut provioixs to 1683. The Carmans were 
descended from two brothers who came from England in 16)31, and settled at Roxbuiy, 
Mass. 

ALEXANDER CASTER, son of John Caster, a native of Pennsylvania, was born in 
Canada February 3, 1829; with his father, he removed to Michigan about 1851, aud set- 
tled in Sanilac County; here his father died in the year 1859; his mother died a few years 
previous. Mr. Caster began life for himself as a blacksmith; afterward as a farmer in that 
county, and as engineer of the mills of that and other places; removed to Macomb in 
1855, and was an engineer some years; also owned a farm in Richmond, near the village. 
In 1873, December 18, he married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Solomon Stone, of Rich- 
mond Township; they have iwo children — Mabel, born November 3. 1875; Charles A., 
July 21, 1879. In 1876, he erected a tine residence on Ridge street, in which he now 
lives. In politics, he is a Republican. 

WILLLiM CASTER was born in Canada May 2, IS 19; his parents were natives of 
Pennsylvania, and died at Lexington. Mich. ; Mr. Caster removed to Sanilac County in 
1843, and bought a lot of land, which he improved and sold in 1^53, and, the following 
spring, removed to Richmond Township, where he bought a farm; this he soon sold, and 
then removed to the village of Richmond, where he now resides. Mr. Caster was married, 
in 1843, to Miss Jane Elliott, who was born in August, 1823; they have no children; they 
are prominent in the Free Methodist Church in the village, and he is a Republican. 



t 



-siV 



J, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUKTY. 



JOSEPH CHUBB. 

CHAUNCEY CHURCH, son of Asa Church, was bom in Chelsea, Vt., February 10. 
1805: Asa Church was born in Mansfield. Conn.. May 16, 1766: his wife was Juliaette 
Humphrey, of Winchester, N. H., and of English origin. Chauncey Church was married 
to Laura Martin February 20, 1.S29; she was born in Underhill, Vt, April 14, ISOS. Mr. 
Chiu-ch, with his wife and one child, Lucy Ann — now Mrs. A. M. Keeler — moved to Mich- 
igan in 1S84: he bought a farm in the township of Macomb, Macomb County, in the Davis 
settlement, where they had three children more— Marlin, born October 11, 1S36: Emily, 
liorn April '10, 1889; Emma A., born May 2S, 1844. The last three are not living. He 
brought from Vermont a Sabbath school library, and the same year organized one of the 
first Sunday schools in Macomb County: was an active member of the first Bible society: 
outspoken in temperance: was prominent among the first anti-slavery agitators; he moved 
to the township of Shelby in 1845. where, in 1850, he became a Trustee, and took an effi- 
cient part in the organization and support of the Disco Academy. His wife died January 
23. 1853. and he was married to Mrs. Mary Bentley Aken July 21, 1864, who was born 
January 10, 1813, in Greenfield, Saratoga Co., N. Y. After having been an active mem- 
ber of the church for more than sixty years, he died. March 28, 1881. leaving his wife and 
Mrs. Keeler sole surviving member's of his family. 

DR. W. D. CLARK was born in the town of Clarkson. Mom-oe Co.. N. Y., August 
21: 1841: his father. Harley C. Clark, was a native of New York; his mother, Julia Lor- 
ing, a native of Massachusetts, both of English descent; his grandfather, Steven Clark, 
served in the war of the Revolution. W. D. received his early education in a district 
school at Webster's Mills, Monroe Co., N. Y. ; when fourteen years of age, moved to Roch- 
ester, N. Y., and there graduated at No. 14 High School; in 1859, commenced the study 
of dentistry with Briggs & Doolittle, in Albion, N. Y. ; after three years' study, removed 
to Erie. Penn.. and there worked for Dr. Chapin one year; while there, commenced the 
study of medicine (allopathic); in 1863, received a call from Dr. S. Barns, of the United 
States Ai'my, and joined his staff as an assistant. In 1866, he came to Michigan and 
commenced the practice of dentistry at Monroe, at the same time taking up the study of 
homoeopathy with Dr. A. S. Sanger: in the fall of 1866-67, also in 1867. attended lect- 
ures at Ann Arbor (Michigan) University; in 1872, February 12, he graduated f'-om the 
Cleveland Hospital College, where he also received an extra diploma for his supei-ior skill 
as a surgeon; he then returned to Monroe, Mich., and continued the practice of medicine 
and surgery with Dr. A. S. Sanger, his former i>reeeptor, for fo\u' years ; the 17th of 
March, 1882, he came to Richmond, Macomb Co., Mich. Dr. Clark was among the first 
to organize the State Homceopathic Society, and held the Chairmanship of the Board of 
Censors for several years; he still belongs to the above society: he has built up a large 
practice in this place, and has been very successful as a practitioner, and especially noted 
as a surgeon. He was married, January 31. 1871, to Miss Emma, daughter of Lyman 
Cummings. of Ontario County. N. Y. : his children are Abigail, born January 28. 1873; 
Bertha, May 22, 1876; Harley C, born December 1, 1881. Mrs. Clark was born in On- 
tario County, N. Y. , April 4. 1848. 

JAMI<]S W. COOPER, a merchant of Richmond Village, was liorn in Herkimer 
County, N. Y. , September 30, 1819, son of Fred Cooper, of New England, and Hannah 
Sterling, of same place. Mr. Cooper attended school in the common schools of the place: 
worked at the builders' trade seventeen years; in 1857, engaged in the grocery and feed 
business in the city of Syracuse, N. Y. . two and a half years, and returned with a loss of 
all he had invested; he then removed to Richmond Village and er^aged in the business 
of buying and selling hoops; this he made a profitable business; after three years, built a 
stave mill in the village, and soon after engaged in mercantile pursuits, with other 



men as partners at various times: tlie stave mill was destroyed by fire in 1.S70; the same 
business was destroyed eight years later; in 187S. He was principal in the erection of the 
Cooper Block in the village; the next year, in company with Theo. Miller, he erected the 
Cooper & Miller Block; in addition to this, he has added a fine hotel and a complete stock of 
dry goods, fancy goods, boots, shoes, etc., which he owns in compau_y with his son, James P. 
Cooper. He was married, December 1, 1 S47, to Miss Louisa B. Allen, born August 24, 1 823, in 
Vermont. Their children are — Alfloutta, born Jan. 1. IS")!), died Feb. 4, 185(5: Frances H., 
born in Oswego Feb. 23. 1N53. mai'ried and lives in Romeo: Ella, born in Oswego June 13, 
1854, married and lives in Toronto; James P., born in Syracuse August 24, 1858. James 
P. Cooper, son of above, in company with his father in the store, was married, October 
16, 1880, to Mary Stevens, daughter of William Stevens, of Riley Center; she was born 
Februarys, I860. Howard, born October 14. I SSI. Mi-. Cooper is still in the stave man- 
ufacture in company with Rapelye; is connected with the Richmond Driving Park Asso 
elation, and President of the same. In politics, he is a Democrat. 

THOMAS DAWSON was born in Lancashire. England, in the cotton manufacturing 
districts of that country. May 2, 1820; emigrated to Canada in 1840, where he lived near 
Toronto. Canada West, seventeen years, as a farmer, currier and school-teacher; was mar- 
ried, in Canada, October 29. 1843, to Mary Brooks, a native of Canada, and had seven 
children, all of whom are living, two on the homestead. Mrs. Dawson died January 27, 
1878: was married again, March 23, 1S7U. to Mrs. Belinda Braddock (Champion), a j>alive 
of Lyme, Conn, born March 26, 1829; her first husband died in Philadelphia: second 
died in Bay City; removed to Michigan in February, 1857, and settled in Great ±Jer- 
ville, St. Clair County, where he was a farmer twelve yearc; from here he remosed to the 
vicinity of Romeo, where he bought the Caufield and Snover farms, near the>-lllage, wbicli 
he kept four years: he then sold this and purchased the Linus Gilbert f^ffm. at Memi)liis. 
Mich., and removed to that place, where he now lives; previous to coipring to Macomb, he 
was Supervisor of Grant Township seven years: also in Macomb ^ght years, except one 
year; was the Secretary of all committees connected with the builOiing of court house and 
jails of Macomb County from 1880 to 18S2. and has been a valuuble aid to them all: also 
owns, together with his son, the Rochester Flouriug-Mill of Oakland County: first became 
a voter in 1859, and has been identified with the Republican party since that time. 

ERASTUS DAY, SR.,born at Dalton, Mass., in August, 1780: he is the son of Daniel 
Day, born July 21, 1747; of Benjamin, born February 7 1709; of John, born 1677: of John 
Day, of Hartford, the son of Robert and brother of Thorn, j Uay, who emigrated to America in 
April. 1634, with his wife, Mary, and, on arriving settl^^d at Newton, now Cambridge, 
Mass. Erastus Day was a farmer in MassachusetU: while still young, he moved with his 
parents to Otsego County, N. Y. , where he was married to Lucy Willard, ol Worcester, 
Mass., at the close of the year 1807. In 1812, Mr. ]/>ay moved into Canada — not, how- 
ever, as a U. E. Loyalist, as he refused to join the Brftish, troops: he remained in Canada 
several years: next made his home at Lima, N. V., for a fpw years, and came to Michigan 
in May, 1826, locating lands on Section 26, Bruce, /where he resided until he died, July 
12, 1836. His children were Erastus, now residing'; in Richmond Township: John W., 
a resident of Mason, Ingham County : Russell, died' at Armada June, ISSO; Dan. W., liv 
ing at Greenville, Montcalm County; Levi, a physician of Grandville. Kent County; Lu- 
cinda. who maiTied Volney Day. a resident of Kalamai;oo; and Lucy, who died at home, 
in New York, in infancy. i\Lr. Day's early'settjiement in Macomb is alluded to in the 
general history of the county, as well as in that jbf the northern townshii>s. Mrs. Day, 
born in August, 17S0, formerly Miss Lucy Wiilard, died in 1S55, aged seventy-five years; 
her remains were brought from Kalamazoo, where she was staying with her daughter, and 
interred in the cemetery near where she first settled in Michigan. 



ERASTUS DAY, Jr., son of the old settler just referred to, was born in Otsego 
County, N. Y., October 15, 1808; settled with his pai-ents on Grenadier Island, of the St. 
Lawrence River, in 1812: returned to Lima. N. Y., in 1822, and remained there until 
December. 1825, when he left Lima for Michigan, in company with Addison Chamberlin, 
Svlvanus Taft and a young physician, who located in Rochester: the trip was made 
overland through Canada on a sleigh, via Detroit, to a point two miles northwest of Ro- 
meo; tbe streams and rivers were fi-ozen, so that the incidents of s]iriug or fall travel 
were not experienced; the party took possession of a log shanty, built the year previous 
bv Capt. Oad Chamberlin and his son. who visited the place in 1824: here they made 
their winter's home, played cards for the privilege of cooking johnny-cake, and so amused 
themselves until spring-time, when they began to prepared for the coming of their fami- 
lies. Mr. Day, Sr., and his family, an'ived in June. 1820. and lived for two.months in 
the shanty erected by the Chamberlins. Mi-. Day, Jr., received a promise from his father 
that, if he would l)uy him a yoke of cattle, his time would be given: the proposition was 
accepted, and, to perform his part, he entered the employ of Capt. Chamberlin at ipU per 
month, and, after a period of seven months, a yoke of oxen was given him, which was 
equivalent to his jiay for that time, which oxen he delivered to his father. Before he at- 
tained the age of twenty -one, he purchased a yoke of steers and eighty acres of land locat- 
ed north of Almont, together with the oxen presented to his father, all resulting from his 
own labors. After his term of employment with Capt. Chamberlin was concluded, he 
chopped fifteen acres of land in the neighborhood of John Mellen's residence, at Romeo, 
ami previously took an important part in clearing the site of that village; he purchased 
an eigiw^-acre lot north of St. Clair street and east of the railroad, of which he cleared 
lift.H-n acres, in ii'4l: this land he sold, and bought 150 acres now known as the Thomp- 
son lovm, Whlteh t- "Id: in 183H, he purchased 165 acres on Section 18, Armada, 
where L • built th. ? in the northern sections of that township, now occupied by 
George M i.rner: cl :ty he owned until March 17, 187U, when he sold it to the pres- 
ent occupant. Mc^^^*. was married to Mi-s. Catherine Donaldson Smith, widow of Alan- 
son Smith, of Men^*". Genesee Co., N. Y. ; the ceremony was performed at Romeo, by 
Rev. Luther Shaw, Tt bruary 6. 1838, in the old Hoxie log house; to this marriage two 
daughters were born- -Lucy, who married Levi W. Crawford, and who is now a resident 
of Stanislaiis County, Cal.; and Mary, married James Palmer, died January 31, 18()0. 
Mrs. Day died October 17, l835. For his second wife he married Betsey Day, daughter 
of Capt.' Han-y Day, of Erie County, Penn., September 13, 1836; to them six children 
wore born, throe of whom are Hiring— John E..born January 11, 1838; Malvina, born May 
22. 1839: and Nancy, S^ptembsf 1, 1851. The former resides in Richmond Township; 
Malvina married F. L. Beckwith, is now a resident of Oakland, Cal. ; Nancy married L. 
B. Vandecar. of Isabella County. Of the children deceased, Harry was drowned May 27, 
1S44: Sarah died in infancy in l.'~i43; and Martha died August 30, 1873. During the 
trying years fi'om 1864 to 186(), he was Supervisor of Armada; has been Justice of the 
Peace from 1839 to 1872: was the fi'rst Assessor of the town in 1S34: he has filled many 
other town offices, and has taken a very important place in the building up of the north- 
ern townships for the last fift}- -seven years; also served as Captain of the Independent 
Rifle Company of Macomb in the Toledo war, and succeeded in drawing one month's 2)ay; 
previous to this war. he served in the itnil'.tary commands of his county, and was promoted 
gradually until the period when peace 'yeas declared between Ohio and Michigan, when he 
was mustered out. Mrs. Day taught ;bcLoo1 in Erie County, and, after coming to Ma- 
comb, in 1835. taught the first school dn District No. 8 of Ai-mada. Mi-, and Mrs. Day 
belong to the Congregational ChuVch, aixd are Republicans. 

JOHN E. DAY. son of Erastus Dpv. Jr.. was born in Armada Township Januai-y 



7^^ — ^ 




■=^^.^4^^ '^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



4^ 



11. 1838; from that time until 1865. he resided with his parents, devoting his attention 
to agriculture and education: he attended the district school until 1855. when he went to 
the Romeo Academy, under Daniel B. Briggs. and continued to study until 1859. From 
this period until 18()5. he was engaged on the farm; in August of the latter year, he en- 
tered into partnership with Alex. Shelp. and opened a carriage, wagon and fanu imple- 
ment factor}- at Romeo, which proved very successful, and would doubtless have continued 
to advance had not the tirns of July, 1867, destroyed the building, machinery and stock; 
the tirm rebuilt and established the factory, which was operated until February, 1868, 
when J. E. Day sold his interest to Milton H. Thomson, receiving in consideration the 
tract of ninety-two acres known as the Thomson faim, in Ray Township; for the succeed- 
ing six years, Mr. Day carried on this farm, until its sale to A. H. Shelp in 187-1; in 
1875. he removed back to the homestead in Armada, and lived there until March, 187U, 
when he located on the James Flower fai-m. Section 30, Richmond Township. Mi\ Day's 
connection with the schools of Armada and Richmond is of the happiest chavactor; he was 
elected School Inspector in 1859; held that office continuously until the Inspectorship 
was abolished; in 1877, he was elected Township Supervisor of Schools, which position 
he now holds: in 1876, was elected Secretary of the Sunday School Association, Macomb, 
and Secretary of the Macomb County Pioneer Society in 188t). Mr. Day has held the 
office of Secretary of the Historical Society, Union Farmers" Club, and Director of the 
County Agricultm-al Society. With the spirit born of education, he has taken a deep 
interest in the history of his native county, and has for a niimber of years contributed 
interesting historical sketches to the press of Michigan, as well as to the archives of the 
State Pioneer Society. Since 1877, he has been associated v/ith the press of the county. 
He was mairied. December 30, 1861, by Prof. John Morgan, D. D. . to Miss Sarah C. 
Judson. daughter of Isaac Judson. of Oberlin. Ohio, bom at Wakeman. Hui-on Co., Ohio, 
October 23, 1842; they have three childi-en — Nellie M.. born Januaiy 6, 1867; Erastus, 
May 25, 1868; and Fanny, June 4. 1872; a fourth child. Flora D.. born October 7, 1862, 
died June 19, 1865. Isaac Judson, father of Mrs. Day. is a native of Connecticut, born 
at Woodbury in 1797. Mr.s. Judson was also a native of Connecticut, who settled iu Hu- 
ron County. Ohio, with her family, about the year 1831; she died Seplemder 21. 1851, 
aged forty-foiu- years. Mr. Judson is a tine type of the old Puritan stock — lirm in the 
orthodox faith, a strong advocate of temperance, and anti-slavery in politics. Both 
Ml', and Mrs. Day are members of the Congregational Church of Armada, and are Repub- 
lican in politics. 

BENJAMIN F. DOTY, son of Elias and Zeviah ( Jayne) Doty, was born in Oakland 
County, town of Rose, January 14, 1852; spent his early life on a farm in Oakland County; 
he engaged in breaking up new land, it not being in condition for culture; he attended 
the public schools of the neighborhood, and entered the Union School at Fentonville at 
the age of sixteen; then attended the Detroit Commercial College, received his diploma in 
1871. and, the following year, engaged in the store of Cooper. Heath & Co., Richmond. 
Mich., as book-keeper, until 1879; he erected a store in the Cooper Block, and tilled it 
with a new stock of boots and shoes and groceries; soon after, entered into partnership 
with C. S. Knight in the diy goods line; this continued one year; at this time, he bought 
the interest of his partner, and continued in the trade alone; he has two stores devoted to 
the business, and keeps a fine stock and desirable goods; aside from this, he conducts, in 
company with Theodore Miller, a clothing store in the Miller Block since 1880. He was 
married. June 11, 1874, to Miss Marilla H. Gleason, daughter of Mathias Gleason, of 
Pennsylvania; she was born December 19, 1850, at Townville; Edna, born March 26, 
1878. Her father was a soldier of the rebellion; served two years, and was discharged at 

4!l 



:V* 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



liL 



the close of the war; her grandfather was a soldier of the Revolution; in politics, a 
Republican. 

ALFRED A. DRESSER, son of George Dresser, was torn in Canada October 10. 
1S62; his father moved to Macomb, settling on Clay street, Richmond Township, where 
he died in ISTl!. The subject of this sketch attended the schools of the neighborhood; is 
a persevering student, a constant reader, and a young man of good habits and princijiles. 

MRS. RACHEL DRESSER, widow of Geoi-ge Dresser, was born in Canada Decem- 
ber 3. 1845; she is the daughter of William McLane. of Canada; she was married in Can- 
ada, and removed to Macomb in 18(58, settling on a farm on Clay street, on Section 3".!. 
where she still resides; her childi'en are Robert V.. boru January 1^3, 1869; William, born 
March !:!8, 1871: and a step-son. Alfred A. Dresser, born October 10, l8r)2. She conducts 
the farm of eighty acres; she has, by good management, provided herself with all the 
comforts of life. In form of worship, she is a Baptist. Her husband died Februarv H). 
1876. 

MRS. CHESTER L. DUDLEY (Lydia Leete Carman) was born in Cxreene County, 
N. Y., June 18, 1816; came to Memphis with the Carman family in 185-4; she had been 
a teacher of young ladies in New Jersey. She was married, August 29, 1866, to Chester 
L. Dudley, at Almont. Lapeer County and removed to Memphis in 1867, where Mr. Dud- 
ley died June 24, 1879. Mrs. Dudley is a member of the Congregational Chm'ch of the 
village and a worker in the Sabbath school and in society. Mr. Dudley was born in Berk- 
shire Mass, July 4, 1806; came to Michigan and settled in Memphis in 1855; he was a 
prominent man in all the interests of the society, village and township. 

SHERMAN S. EATON, son of William and Hannah P. Shattuck, was born in Jef 
ferson County, N. Y.. September 25. 1822; his parents were natives of New Hampshire: 
they moved from New Hampshu-e to the State of New York in the year 1818. and settled 
in Jefferson County, where Sherman was born; they moved from there to Niagara County. 
New York, in 1827; the father died in Tomjikins County, N. Y.. in 1845; the mother 
died in 1850. in Essex, Essex Co.. N. Y. Sherman, when but a boy. commenced working 
in a woolen factory at Burlington. Vt. . in the year 1833: he and his mother then renioved 
to the head of Lake Champlaiu, on the place now known as 'Whitehall; ho then com- 
menced to di'ive on the tow-path oa the Erie Canal, aad rose fi-om the position of driver 
to that of Captain in the year 1845: ia the meantime, he had acquired some skill in the 
art of molding, and. in the year 1846. on the 12th day of June, he arrived in Michigan 
and worked two and a half years for Dexter Mussey as a molder; he then started in busi- 
ness for himself in a small foundry at Armada; he succeeded in accumulating some prop- 
erty there, and, in the year 1852, he removed to the village of Memphis. Macomb County: 
when he came to Memphis, there was but one shop, a blacksmith, which was kept by 
William Betts, and a small store; the first year, Mr. Eaton was obliged to go to Ai-mada 
for supplies to live upon; he continued his bixsiness. which proved a success, and it is 
now a leading enterprise in the village. His wife, Eliza, was the daughter of Andrew 
Conklin, of Herkimer Coimty. N. Y., and was born May 14, 1827; they had two sons and 
two daughters, only one of whom is living — Emeroy, born March K), 1862. Mrs. Eaton 
died JanuiU-y 15, 1868, at Memphis. He was married again, November 24, 1869, to Miss 
Katie A., sister of the former wife. He has held important offices in the township and 
society: he belongs to the enterprising, industrious class of citizens. Politically, he is a 
member of the Republican party. 

WILLIAM F. FENNER,"son of Turner Fenner, of Connecticut, was born January 
27, 1803, in Onondaga County, N. Y. ; he moved to the township of Washington about 
1N36. and located a farm there; this he sold in 1853 and removed to Richmond Town 
ship, settling on Section 14, on a farm of 160 acres; also owned 120 acres close by. He 



~i> ^V 




was married, in New York State, to Emily Amesbtiry, and had a family of live children, 
all at home. His wife died, and he afterward married Betsey Martin Graves, a native of 
Western New York. Cayuga County; she was born December 24. 1800. Of the last fam- 
ily, there were three children, only one of whom is living. Mrs. Fenner died May .^0, 
1880. Mr. Fenner is still living, at the age of seventy-nine years. 

FRANK W. FENNER, son of W. Fenner. was born in the township of Washington 
May ly, 1848; at the age of live years, his parents moved to the township of Richmond, 
where he attended school in the neighborhood, and at Memphis, under the tuition of Clark 
Hail, and gave his attention to farming; he succeeded to the ownership of the homestead, 
and was married, September 30, 1874, to Miss Frank E. Ambrose, daughter of Thomas 
Reed, of Moni'oe County, Mich. ; she was born May 31, 1850: they have one adopted child, 
Edna, born March 31, 1874. Mr. Fenner is an intelligent and prosperous farmer, making 
the raising of horses a specialty. He was elected Treasurer tjf the township of Richmond 
in 1881, which office he still holds. Politically, he is a Republican; religiously, he is a 
Baptist. The relatives on the mother's side were soldiers in the Revolution. 

DANIEL FLAGLER was born in Albany County, N. Y., May 14, ISU; he is the 
son of John and Gertrude Bogart Flagler; are natives of Dutchess County, N. Y. In 
1835, Ml-. Flagler moved to Canada, and, in the fall of 1836, came to Ar-mada, Mich. In 
April, 1838. he settled on his farm on Section 31. Richmond Township, where he haf 
since resided. He was married. May 2. 1835. to Serena Smith, a native of Albany Count}', 
N. Y. The record of their seven children is as follows: George, born May 30. 1836. 
died October 24, 1836: Alonzo, born May 16, 1838, married Jane Lemon and lives in Oak- 
land County, Mich. : Myron, born August 14, 1840. was killed at the battle of Murfrees- 
boro in 1862; Emma E.. born May 7, 1845. married Carleton N. Brown and resides in 
this township; Henrietta, born July 1. 1849; Winfield. born October 29. 1850, married 
Mary A. Thomas and resides at Y'^ellow Springs. Ohio; Louisa, born October 9, 1852, 
married Timothy P. Tiu-ner and resides on the homestead. Mr. Flagler has been a Re- 
publican since the organization of the party; he has served several successive years as Su- 
pervisor of the townshij). and has been Ju.stice of the Peace for twelve years. In 1840, he 
joined the Union Church, and afterward connected himself with the Christian society. 

CHARLES S. GILBERT, son of Isaac and Rhoda A. (Sage) Gilbert, was born at 
Memjjhis January 13, 1842; his father, a native of Massachusetts, was born in 1810; the 
mother was born in Connecticut in 1811; both are living at Ypsilanti. Mich. Charles 
Gilbert spent his early life on the farm on which he was born: attended schook at the vil- 
lage, and was married, in 18G6, December IX, to Matilda Pierce, daughter of Isaac C. 
Pierce, a native of England, where Mrs. Gilbert was born February 13, ISSU. Their chil- 
dren are as follows; Leah, born January 31, 1868; Lilie. born April II, 18(19; Burton 
I., born July 5, 1870; Halmer, born November IN, 1871; Jessie, born November 4, 1873: 
Emma, born July 26. 1875; Georgiana. born February 2(1. 1877. Mr. Gilbert received a 
portion of the homestead farm, situated just south of the village of Memphis, on which 
he has resided since that time, having made many improvements upon it; a Congregation- 
alist in worship, and a Republican in politics. Mrs. Gilbert received her primary educa- 
tion at the schools of St. Clair City, and entered the Albion Female College in 1S57, and 
remained two yeai's; on leaving the school, she engaged as teacher of the public schools, 
a calling in which she had previously been engaged; she taught in all nineteen terms. 
and always with satisfaction to pupils and patrons; she has for many years been a member 
of the Congregational Chiu'ch of the village. Mr. G. enlisted in Company E. Fifth Cavalry, 
and serve! seven months; discharged on account of an accident. 

DR. DAVID G. GLEASON, son of Joseph Gleason and Margaret (Francisco), na- 
tives of Vermont, was born in Allegany County, N. Y. , September 26, 1825; the family 



A 



moved into the State of Pennsylvania in 1834; stayed nine years, then removed to Liv- 
ingston County, N. Y., where David attained majority; studied at Middlobury Academy 
and at Birmingham, Mich. ; stndied medicine, and began pi-actice in the township of 
Chestertield, Macomb Couuty, in 1S4S; continued the practice at this place seventeen 
yeai's, then removed to the village of Richmond, bought a piece of land on Main street 
and built a house and store, and, sis years after, bought the farm known as the Norton 
fiU'm, a little north of the village, which he conducts, together with his ju'actice; at the 
time of the pm'chase of the fai'm, he was engaged in the business of general store, a black- 
smith shop and a livery stable, besides his practice of medicine, thus making business to 
thrive antl giving employment to a large number of people;- he afterward, in 1N69, built 
the first In'ick block in the village, which he still owns; he was one of the originators of 
the cheese factjry in the village, and owns one-third of the same; in 1878, he, in company 
with Lathrops, built the second block, making three stores owned by Gleason; one of these 
lie occupies as a drug store, aud the other two are rented. He was married. January 27, 
1851. to Miss Lucretia Mathews, daughter of Charles B. Mathews, of Chestertield, native 
of Oswego County, N. Y. ; she was born in Chestertield February 24. 1886 : Elmer P. , 
born February 18, 1855; Ella, born February IN, 1S55 (a twin), died May fi. 1858; Allie, 
born June 6. 1ISG2. Mrs. Gleason" s people were pioneers of Chesterfield, having moved to 
that township and erected a large log hotel, which was on the first Gratifit Tiu'npike. just 
then bein^ built; this was made the point at which the Indians of that locality received 
their annual appropriations from the Government, and was often the scene of much ex- 
citement. Mr. Mathews died May 5, ISfiiJ. at the age of sixty-sis; his wife died in 1878, 
aged seventy years; both died at the Doctor's house, in Richmond. In politics, the Doc- 
tor is a Democrat. 

DR. FRED M. GARLICK. son of Horace and Nancy (House), was born at Detroit. 
Mich., June 15, 1849; he received his primary education at Romeo, under the tuition of 
D. B. Briggs, and at Aj'mada; entered the Medical Dejiartment of the University of Mich- 
igan in 1869; graduated from the Detroit Medical College June 28, 1871, and entered 
upon the practice of medicine at Waterford, Oakland Co. . Mich., one year; thence removed 
to Armada, where he remained about three years; from there to Port Sanilac, where he 
remained till 1881, when he took np his residence in Richmond, where he is still in the 
ju'actice. On leaving Waterford. the citizens of that place presented him a paper express- 
ing confidence aud esteem in the ability and worth of the Doctor as a citizen and a physi- 
cian, and r«grets for his leaving them, and expressing a hope of a return to that place; 
this was signed by more than fifty of the citizens of the village; letters of a like character 
are in receipt by the Doctor from other places where he has lived. He was married. May 
20, 1872. to May Bentley. daughter of E. R. Bentley; she was born at Marcellus. this 
county. Sejstember 13. 1852; children as follows: May E.. born June 6. 1873; Edwin 
H.. born in Sanilac June 24, 1877, died November 7, 1N79; Edith M., born in Sanilac 
June 12, 1879; Fred B , born March 1, 1881. Mr. Garlick is a young man of energy 
aud skill in his practice; a member of the Detroit Academy of Medicine; in belief, a Con- 
gregationalist. and in politics, a Republican. 

OKRAN GRANGER, son of Thaddens and Julia E. (Manly), was born in Akron, 
Ohio, August 2(), 1823; his father was born in Sandisfield. Mass.; moved to Ohio about 
1810. and died in 1826; the mother, a native of same place, died in Memphis Village in 1866. 
The subject of this sketch was a carriage-painter, having learned that business in Ohio; 
left the business and the State in 1848. arriving in Memphis in July of that year, and 
engaged in mercantile trade two years, then was a traveling salesman eight years, at which 
time he again engaged in trade, in company with his brother Lewis, three years; then 
engaged in the same line of ti'ade alone, in which he is still employed; the business has 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



grown from an investment of $500 to $12,000. He was married. July 19. 1840. to Miss 
Harriet Rose, of Cuyahof^a Falls, born in September. 1823: CTOorge M. . born Jnly 19. 
1841. living in Detroit; Charles W. . AugiTst 1 5. 1843. living in Chicago. Mrs. Granger 
died in 1847. Mr. Granger was married again. October 4. 1S49. to Sarah A. Ashly, 
daughter of David Ashly. of Vermont; she was born November 14. 1828; Isabella, boru 
July 17. 1850, died September 12, 1850; Herbert A.. February 23. 1852, died May 12, 
1853; Carrie A. Granger, born October 2. 1854. living at Memphis; and an adopted child. 
C. Gus. born June 18, 1865. An officer in village and in society: a member of the Masonic 
fraternity; a Republican in politics, and prominently identified with the improvements of 
the village. 

DANIEL HALL, son of Benjamin and Beulah (Fowler) Hall, born in North Guil- 
ford. New Haven Co., Conn.. October 26. 1807. His gi-andfather, William Hall, came 
from England in 1699. in company with one Thomas Norton, and Grace, his wife, and 
settled on the present site of North Guilford. His mother. Beulah Fowler, was of Dutch 
descent. Daniel Hall was married, in December. 1831. to Sarah D.. daughter t f Jeny 
Norton, of Ohio; she was then visiting friends in Connecticut. In the following spring, 
the young couple went out to Ohio; here their eldest sou. Edward W.. was born; also two 
childi'en who died in infancy. After a four-years' stay in Burton, Ohio, they moved to 
Macomb County and settled on land taken from the Government, cutting a road one and 
a half miles to reach the place. Mr. Hall immediately began to develop the new farm 
and make his home; on this place the family still reside; shortly after coming to Michi- 
gan, they lost another infant child; their other childi'en were as follows: Daniel Web- 
ster, born in North Cxuilford, Conn., while his parents were there on a visit, now deceased; 
Eunice, died at the age of seven years; Adaline. born May 30, 1840, married T. Ward 
and lives at Richmond Village; Emma, born January 24. 1843. married Ransom Odeon, 
now living at Romeo; Cai'oline. born August 16. 1848, married Charles Mills and lives in 
Richmond Townshij); Joseph A. and Benjamin R.. twins, born March 20, 1851; the for- 
mer lives on the homestead, and the latter on a farm adjoining. The first school in this 
part of the town was kept in a part of Mr. Hall's house, partitioned off by a blanket; this 
school is referred to in the general history. The parents of Mrs. Hall were pioneers of 
Ohio, and moved to Macomb County in 1835; her father died in Ohio in 1866, and her 
mother in Macomb in 1875. Mr. Hall died January 22. 1880; Mrs. Hall still lives on the 
home farm, at the age of seventy-three; she has been a member of the M. E. Chm-ch for 
forty-eight years. Webster, son of Mi'. Hall, enlisted in the Fifteenth Michigan Volun- 
teer Infantry in the late war; served four years, and was honorably discharged; retiu'ned 
to his home, married and gathered around him a family and many of the comforts of life; 
he was killed by a threshing machine in 1875. In the fall of 1860. the family suffered 
loss by lire; the dwelling house ami much of its contents were bm'ued: the next summer 
they built the present residence; the situation is one of the most pleasant, and the farm 
a very fertile one. When the cemetery at Richmond was laid out. thirty years ago. Mr. 
Hall was the first sexton, and acted in that capacity for three years; since then, his son, 
Edward W. Hall, has been the. sexton — a period of twenty-seven years. 

JOHN HICKS, one of the old settlers of Macomb County, was born in Ontario County, 
town of Bristol. N. Y. . October 15. 1803; his father. Otis Hicks, was a native of Attle- 
boro, Mass. ; his mother, Betsey Dunham, was a native of the same place. Otis Hicks be- 
came sixteen years of age just in time to enlist for the defense of the courts of his native 
town from the Hays men, who had bunded to prevent the sitting of the courts. The 
family are descended from three brothers, who were Pilgrims, and arrived from England 
soon after the landing of the Mayflower; was engaged as a farmer in New York; moved to 
Michigan in 1836, amving in Macomb in May of that year; the *amily arrived in the fol- 



A 



J^l 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



lowing autnmn: started from Detroit the 12th day of October, with a team hired for- the 
purpose, at the rate of iST per day; the journey required three days, and, when within one- 
half mile of the end of the jom'ney, the driver upset the wagon and left the goods in the 
woods, refusing to load them up again; the load consisted of the household efi'ects of the 
famil}', the wife and three children, who went on foot most of the way. Mr. Hicks located 
on eighty acres of land on Section ;55. in Richmond, one-half of which is now covered by 
the village of Richmond. He was married, December 1, 1885, to Catherine Emmons; 
she was born in Northumberland, Saratoga Co., N, Y., December 1, 1804: have had nine 
.children, six of whom died young, and three — James M. Hicks, born August 17, 1830; 
Eliza A. Hancock, November 20, ISH'I; Ophelia Corbin, Januaiy 14. 1846. Mr. Hicks 
has lived in the village of Richmond since 1836, except eleven years spent in Aimada 
Township; he has aided in the development of the county, and seen it emerge from the wil- 
derness to the fruitful land; was a member of the Christian Church in Bristol, and trans- 
ferred his relations from that to the same church here; Democrat; voted first for Jackson. 
Mrs. Hicks died November 'II. 1875. 

JOHN M. JOHNSON was born in County York. Ontario. April 28. 1845, where his 
people were farmers; moved to Macomb County in March, 1868, and settled on a farm, 
March, 1869, Section 3. Richmond Township, known as the old Feuton farm, where he 
remained ten years; thence to Richmond Village March 8. 1879, and engaged in the fur- 
niture and undertaking business, which he is still engaged in; was married, February 7, 
1869, in Canada, to Mary A. Baker, who died May 20, 1877; was again married, May 6, 
1879. to Josie S. Gilbert, daughter of Lines Gilbert, of Memphis; she was born Septem- 
ber 15, 1843; they had no children. Mr. Johnson is at Richmond, still in the same line 
of trade, and merits the patronage of the vicinity in which he lives; in politics, he is a 
Republican. 

ALONZO M. KEELER, sou of John and Mary M. (Fellows) Keeler, natives of Mon- 
roe County, N. Y., she of Schoharie County; the father was born March 16, 1802; the 
mother, November N, 1806; they moved to Washington Township in 1826 and settled on 
Section 35; lived on his farm until 1854, then moved to Disco, where he still resides; they 
have been prominent in the development of the new country, and have been perhaps the 
onh' ones of the new settlers left to each other's company. Mr. Alonzo Keeler received 
the elements of his education in the schools of the neighboi'hood where he lived, which 
was further pursued at Rochester, Mich., and at Oberlin. Ohio; at the age of twenty-one, 
he began life as a teacher; taught his first school in the Brindle Schoolhouse, and after- 
ward took the Priucipalship of the Disco Academy from 1850 to 1856. then went to Roch- 
ester and taught one year, when he returned and taught two years in Utica. Mr. Keeler 
taught the first school in the old brick school building in tHica Village, and then the last 
one. and also taught the first term in the new building. August 7, 1862, he enlisted 
in Company B, Twenty-second Michigan Volunteer Infantry; raised a company of 115 men 
in five days, and took them into camp; on the mustering in, Mr. Keeler was elected Cap- 
tain, was taken prisoner at Chickamauga, and remained a prisoner at Libby and Macon, 
Ga., one and a half years; was one of the 600 under fire at Charleston; on release fi-oin 
prison, went to parole camp, and entered active service May 15, 1865; was promoted, -Ian. ]. 
1865, to Major, and afterward to brevet Lieut. Colonel and brevet Colonel; was mustered out 
July 12, 1865; retiu-ned home and began teaching again; he was elected Register of Deeds 
for the county in 1868 one term; during this time and immediately afterward, he pre- 
pared an abstract of the county — a costly and very valuable work; in April. 1875. he re- 
moved to the village of Richmond and engaged as the Principal of the Armada Public 
School, in which place he has since been engaged. He was married, December 31, 1849, 
to Miss Lucy A., daughter of Chauneey Church; she was born in Vermont March 7, 1831, 



V 



Ml 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



and they have had six children— A. Martin, born December 19, 1850; Flora L., born April 
12, 1852: John C, born February 22, 1859: Ezra Bruce, born December 25. 18(50: Ella 
B., born November 6, 18G2; Henry A. born November 4, 1867. Mr. Keeler and wife have 
been members of the M. E. Church for the past thirty- hve yeara: he has been an officer 
in the same, a leader in th-^ choir, and the Superintendent of the Sunday school, and 
Trustee in the society; vras appointed Collector of the Fifth District under Andrevp John- 
son, and would not subscribe to "'my policy;" the nomination was not confirmed: has 
alwavs been a Republican since the war, and was a Democrat before. 

ROBERT KNIGHT. He is the son of Edward and Elizabeth, daughter of L. Worth, 
of New Hampshire: was born in Stafford. N. H.. June 1. 1806; moved at an early age to 
Vermont, where he lived until the death of his pai'ents, when he removed to Orleans 
County, N. Y., where he was married, in 1828, to Cloe Wage, of Saratoga County, N. Y. : 
they have one son, Charles S. Mrs. Knight died in Orleans County in August, 1884; 
married again, April 14, 1835, to Miss Lois R. Chase, of Addison County. Vt., Ijorn De- 
cember 2, 1815. Soon after the second marriage. Mr. Knight took his wife and son, and, 
in company with a brother and brother-in-law and their families, i-emoved to Michigan, 
arriving in Macomb County in the fall of 1835, and located a farm in Chesterfield Town- 
ship, on Section 15; built a log shanty, with shake i-oof and split basswood for a floor, 
and a quilt for door and windows, and thus began life in the new county: he sold this farm 
and bought another near by which he still owns, and on which a son is still living. In 
1878, Mr. Knight left the farm and removed to the village of Richmond, where he still 
resides: has had a family of eight children, four of whom ai'e living in the county. Mr. 
Knight was an officer in the early history of Chesterfield, active in building roads and in 
the improvement of the place: tu'st a Whig, and afterwai'd a Republican. 

CHARLES KNIGHT, son of Robert Knight, a native of New Hampshire, and Cloe 
Wage Knight, of New York, was born in Orleans County in April. 1821); removed with 
his father's family to Macomb County in 1885: lived with his father's family until mar- 
riage, which took place Mav 4. 1S5V), to Miss Helen C. Haskin; she was born August 26, 
1840, and died November 17, 18f)6; they had one child, Mary E., born July 29, 1862; mar- 
ried again. May 7, 1868. to Mrs. Maggie G. Hotchkiss; she was born October 26, 1834, 
and died October 2, 1873: their children are Addie L., born February 27, 1869, died 
April 13, 1871: Gleason C, September 22, 1873. died November 12, 1873; married again, 
February 18, 1875, to Abbie J. Crittenden; she was born November 17. 1.S36; she is the 
daughter of Levi Crittenden, of Massachusetts, who moved to Oakland County in an early 
day; her grandfather was a participant of the Revolution. After marriage, Mr. Knight 
engaged in farming until 1S65, when he removed to Richmond Village and engaged in 
merchandise at that village and at White Lake, Oakland Co., Mich., where he remained 
two years; he engaged in this business, together with the stave and heading business, with 
Cooper some years: in 1879, sold this store and engaged in the butter and egg business, 
under the firm name of Freeman & Knight, in which he is at present engaged. Mr. Knight 
has been a member of the Congregational Church eleven j'ears. and is now Deacon of the 
church of that faith in Richmond Village: is also Superintendent of the Sabbath school, 
and u'as an officer of the township of Chesterfield : always been a Republican. 

SETH LATHROP. son of Edward and Emma Andrews Lathrop, was boi-n July 1, 
1818, at West Springfield, Mass.; arrived m Macomb County in 1837: lived in Armada 
until 1842, where he was engaged in farm labor principally until 1846. then built the 
Lathrop stoi-e; in company with Charles, engaged in the mercantile business until 1S(;2, 
when he moved to Richmond and engaged in the same business, in which he is still en- 
gaged. He was married, December 24. 1849, to Polly, dauc^hter of Richard Walker; she 
was born in New York April 1. 1827, and died July 18. 1854: they had two children — 



IIISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



died in iufancy. He was married again, in ISaG. to Lydia C. McAllister, daughter of 
George McAllister, of New Hampshire; she was born in Rockingham County. N, H. , 
March U], 18;i2: Alice E., born March 27. 1851); Seth D., born February 3, ISrU; an 
infant. September 28, ISft-t; Emma J., January 20, 18(')8; Clarence Eugene, March 7. 
1870. died March S, 1873; Mary E. , October 4, 1873. IVIr. Lathrop was for many years 
a prominent member of the Congregational Church and the Superintendent of the Sunday 
school at Armada Village, and, after moving to Richmond, took a prominent jiosition 
in the Congregational society at that place. Mrs. Lathrop is a leader in the temperance 
cause, and belongs to the Sabbath school of the place. Mr. Lathroj) owns a large farm 
just at the outskirts of the village, and has erected a line residence on Main street. He 
is a Republican. Mrs. Lathrop's relatives were engaged in the war of the Revolution. 

THOMAS A. LEACH, .son of f!apt. Thomas Leach and Electa (Abbot) Leach: his 
father was a wealthy Captain on the lakes; he owned vessels on Lake Ontario, one of 
which he was Master of several years; he at last left the scenes of the lakes and returned 
to a farm in Oakville, Ontario, where he died in 1848. His mother was born in Toronto, 
whose ancestors were jiioneers of the city of Toronto, Canada, and whose farm is now in- 
closed in the city limits; she is still living in this county. The subject of this sketch was 
born in Oakville, Ontario, November 14, 1847; attended the schools of his native town, 
and removed thence to Buffalo, N. Y. ; at the age of eighteen, had a position as clerk in a 
retail store in that city, where he remained two years; while in this store, he was asso- 
ciated with first-class bnsiness, whei-e he received a thorough biisiuess education; then 
purchased a store and embai'ked in the same line of trade for him.selE, in which he met 
with remarkable success for eight years; he sold his entire stock and removed to the village 
of Richmond. Macomb County, where he established himself in the produce and commis- 
sion business, being the fii'st to establish a cash market for all kinds of produce, dealing 
heavily in all kinds of fruit, potatoes, butter, eggs, etc.; this was continued two years, then 
adding to tht) business the grocery trade, including the stock {)m'chased of Bui-gess Bros. ; 
he soon found his trade too large for his rooms; he pm-chasod the large stock of grocery 
and crockery ware of Cooper & Son, and entered into business in the store known as 
Cooper Block; remained at the place one and a half years, then sold his entire stock, in- 
tending to go out of the grocery trade; soon after, changing his purpose, he bought the 
stock of S. H. Heath, and added to it fine groceries, crockery and glasswai'e, in which he 
still continued, together with the jjroduce business. He was married, April 1'5, 1878, to 
Emily J. Day, daughter of Capt. Augustus Day and Julia A. (Miner), of Detroit, Mich. ; 
she was born in Detroit October l(j, 184il; attended the jjublic schools of that city until 
18(51, then entered the Detroit Female Seminary and remained until 1871, graduating with 
high honors; one child. Norwood A., born February 27, 1880. Previous to his mai'riage, 
Mr. Leach had purchased a house and lot in the village, and, soon after, bought a farm 
of forty aci'es near the village, which his mother now occupies; he is an energetic, ag- 
gressive man, and is gaining a very extensive trade; he is a member of the Knights of 
Honor, and also Free and Accepted Masons, and has held all the oflices couferable by the 
lodge; he is a Repulilican in politics; he was elected Trustee of the village by a large 
majorit\, which office he now holds. 

RICHARD MKLLENS. 

THEODORE MILLER, son of Caleb Miller and Almica ^Nhitcomb, was liorn in 
1842, July 11. Orleans County, N. Y. ; his father arrived in 184(), bought a farm on Sec- 
tion 34, in Richmond, which he kept one year, then moved to Section 20, on the Ridge, 
and bought a farm now owned by the family; in 1860, built a founchy and plo\" factory, 
in which he gained a wide reputation; in 18(58, added a grist-mill, rim by steam-power; 
in 1874, moved the founcky to Richmond Village; in 1878, sold the mill, when the busi 



^ 



ness was all taken to the village. Mr Miller died at the farm, in July, 1878. The sub- 
ject of this sketch was married, October 5. 1868, to Ellen, daughter of Shephard Smith, 
who was born June 20, 1838. Mr. Theodore Miller removed to the village of Richmond 
in August. 1873, and engaged in the manufacture of agi'icultui'al implements; erected his 
house, and, in 1878, erected one-third of the Cooper Block, and placed there a complete 
stock of hardwai'e— the best-fiu'uished stock in the place, with which his brother is in 
company; the following season, in company with James W. Cooper, built the Cooper & 
Miller Block, on the west side of Main street, in which he, with B. F. Daty, have a cloth- 
ing store; the manufacture of implements is still carried on, and is an important branch 
of industry in the village. He has three children — Adelbert, thirteen years: Nellie, eleven 
years; and Annie, eight j'ears. 

JOHN A. PATON, son of John and Margaret Wilson Paton, natives of Scotland, 
was born near Amherstbui'g, Ontario. March IL', 1849; came to Macomb County with his 
parents when fifteen years old; they settled on Section 12, Armada Township; he worked 
rented land mostly for about seven years after attaining his majority, and, in the spring 
of 1870, he bought the farm he now occupies, on Section 3'2, Richmond Township, and 
afterward added to it. Mr. Paton was married. March 2G, 1878, to Maggie A., daughter 
of David Paton, of Lapeer County; they have two children — Charlotte, born January 17, 
187U; and Florence E., born October 13, 18S1. Mr. Paton is a farmer of great energy 
and has made the raising of tine cattle and draught horses a prominent branch of his busi- 
ness; he has also a large Hock of sheep, and will in the futm'e enlarge upon this branch; 
he has also fifteen acres oE apple orchard of the most choice varieties. Mi\ Paton and 
wife are members of the Congregational Church. He is a Republican, and votes for hon- 
est temperance men. 

BARTLETT PERKINS, son of George and Rebecca S. (Goddard) Perkins, was born 
at Albany, N. Y., January S. 1828; came to Macomb with parents in May, 1831. and lo- 
cated at Romeo, where he woi'ked for N. D. Taylor; he moved to Richmond Township 
February 8, 1830, where his father died. Bartlett Perkins resided on a portion of the 
homestead lands until 1871), when he moved to the village of Richmond. He was married, 
in January, 1853. to Amanda A. Ellenwood, of Jeflfert-on County, N. Y. : two childi-en were 
born to them— Franklin L.. October 2U, 1853, died February 3. 1865; and Eddie B. ,born 
September 13. INOO. Mrs. Perkins died July 10, 1870. Mr. Perkins married Mi-s. J. L. 
Barnard (Sutton), born at Stratford, N. Y., September 23, 1833, to whom three children 
were born, one of whom is living. Mr. Perkins has always been a successful farmer, and 
a member of the Republican party. 

CHARLES H. PERKINS, son of George and Rebecca S. Goddard Perkins, was born 
in Richmond Township, Section 28, May 25. 1840; the parents were natives of Plymouth, 
Mass.; came to Macomb County in May. 1831. stopping in Romeo for five years; he bought 
eighty acres of land west of the village; also built a house and shop, where he carried on 
the cooper's trade; from the village of Romeo he moved to the Township of Richmond 
and bought land on Section 28. where Charles now resides; their house was two miles 
from the neighbors, and several of the elections were held there. The father died August 
20, 1876, at the homestead; the mother still lives, at the age of eighty-one yeare. Mr. 
Charles H. Perkins has always lived on his farm, and was maiTied. January 5, I860, to 
Miss Adelaide Selleck. daughter of Ira Selleck, of New York State; they have four chil- 
dren, viz.: Emma J., born November 15, 1860; Mary E., born July 21. 1862; Nora L., 
born August 6, 1866; Hiram A., born Mai-ch t). 1869. All are living at home. The fam- 
ily have always been Methodist in form of worship, the mother having been a member of 
that chui'ch for many years. Mr. Perkins has made the raising of fruit a specialty, in 



"TU 



HISTOUY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



which he has met with remarkable success, apples, peaches and strawberries being of ex- 
traordinary size and excellence. 

REV." DANIEL A. PERRTN, A. B.. Pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church of 
Richmond Village, was born near Brantford, Ontario, March 21, 188U: his father, Col. 
Thomas Perrin, was a native of Pittsljurgh, Penn. , who emigi-ated to Canada in 1804, and 
carried on general merchant and milling busine.ss for many years in the village of Mt. 
Vernon, Ontario; he died in 1870. His mother. Mary A. Peet, was a native of Almira, N. 
Y., who emigrated to Canada in 1810; she died near Brantford, Ontario, January 10. 18(30. 
The subject of this sketch received his early education at the Central School, Gralt, and at 
the Mt. Pleasant Academy; at the age of seventeen, he entered the university of Victoria 
College. Cobm-g, from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts in May, 1861; in 
1859, while a student, he entered the ministry of the Wesleyan Methodist Church, in which 
body he remained eleven years, filling important positions; in 18()U, he severed his con- 
nection with the Wesleyan Methodist Church of Canada, and removed to the State of 
Kansas. United States, and entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church, 
where he remained, in connection with the Kansas and South Kansas Conference, eight 
years, filling both literary and ministerial positions; in 1878, he was received into the De- 
troit Conference, and has been successively stationed at Hamburg. Washington and Rich- 
mond. Macomb County, where he still remains. He was mai-ried, June 23, 1863. to Miss 
Annabella Tyler, of Erin. Ontario, who was born July 12. 1840. in Lockport. N. Y.. and 
died in Kansas November 23. 1876; the issue of this marriage were Hedley V.. born De- 
cember 16. 1864. and died August 7. 1865; and Frederick Tyler, born September 2. 1866. 
He was again married, to Miss Aehsah R. Perrin, Mistress of English Literature and 
graduate of Bordentown Female College. Jane 11. 1875); she is the daughter of James 
W. Perrin. of Freehold. N. J., and was born March 1. 1841); by this marriage he has one 
son. Willard Scott, born April lU, 1880. The father of Mr. Perrin was a Captain in the 
militia of Canada in 1837, and was afterward jjiomoted to be Colonel, which honor he 
wore till the day of his death. Mr. Pen-in is an acceptable Pastor of his church, and a 
Republican in politics. 

EDWARD RANDALL, son of Felix and Maria Jngraham Randall, born in Rich- 
mond August 3, 184U. lived on the homestead and attended the public schools of he town- 
ship until 1876: he then purchased the old village place on Clay street, where he has since 
resided. He was married. February 2*), 1876. to Miss Etta, daughter of Hiram Goodar; 
the children of this marriage are Ethel E., bornApril 25. 1878; Arthur M.. liorn January 
16. 1881; and Anna D.. born November 18. 1876. died August 24. 1878. Mr. Randall 
is a farmer and breeder of fine sheep, having purchased of J. C. Thompson, in 187U. 
twenty ewes of his best breeding; afterward bought of the same party six in addition; in 
January. 1882. he purchased of Taylor & Chapman, of Middlebury. Vt.. ten ewes, all 
registered in the Vermont Sheep Registry; he also bought of Thompson, in 1881, a ram- 
Pathfinder, recorded in Vermont Registry, grandson of Bismarck, who took the sweep, 
stake prize at the Centennial Exposition, and yields twenty-five pounds of wool; he believes 
in raising the best sheep only; together with this in ustry. he cultivates a farm of eighty 
acres. 

FELIX RANDALL, son of John and Sarah Smith Randall, natives of Orange County, 
N. Y.. was born at that place October S. IS] 2; at the age of eight years, his parents 
moved to Canada, where they remained for thirteen years; they removed from Canada to 
Ohio in 1833. where the father died in 1858. aged sixty-seven years; the mother died in 
Illinois, in 1873, aged eighty-four years. Felix Randall arrived in Macomb in the winter 
of 1837; he had visited the county two years jn-eviously and located 120 acres of land on 
Sections 31 and 32, Richmond, on which he now resides; he moved from Talmage Town- 



liL 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ship, Portcage Co., Ohio, with an ox team and wagon, with a chest of tools, clothes, and 
a barrel of pork; married, June 1, LS38, Maria, daughter of Asa Ingraham, of Canada; 
she was born in Canada April 18. 1818; their children are as follows: Climenia. born 
June 7, 188it, now Mrs. Harris, of Eichmond Township; Sarah M. . born October 23, 
1841, married Mr. Abbey, now of Iowa; Rhoda M., born December 17. 1843. married 
Mr. Hodges, of Richmond; Robert A., born May 5. 1847, married and lives in Lenox 
Townshi]); Edward, born August 3, 184U. lives in Richmond Township; Phoebe, born 
April 1, 1842, married Marion P. Bates, now a resident of Richmond; Helen, born No- 
vember 17. 1855. died at home March 22, 1856; Arthur F.. born November 3, 1858. mar- 
ried and living on the homestead. Mi-. Randall has always lived on the land first taken 
from the Government: he redeemed it from the wilderness, and has made it a fertile farm; 
he has taken a prominent part in all the advancements of society, as an officer of the 
township and a strong temperance man; by industry and economy, he has acquired a com- 
petency for his declining years. The mother of Mrs. Randall died Februaiy 1. 185U, at 
the farm in Richmond; her father died at Mt. Clemens in 1864, at the age of eighty-three. 
Politically, Mr. Randall is a Republican. 

ORL RIX, a native of Vermont, was born at Royalton August 1, 1804; his father 
was a native of the same State; his mother also: both removed to Genesee County, N. Y.. 
where she died some forty years ago; he died in Memphis, in April, 1867. Mr. Orl Rix 
removed to Romeo in 1835 and engaged in the mercantile trade; this lasted about five 
years, when he sold out and went to Memphis and established himself as a miller, bulki- 
ng first a saw-mill, and soon after a grist-mill, now occupied and i-un by S. G. & A. D. 
Taylor, from 1856 to 185U: the family removed to Romeo, and then returned to the vil- 
lage of Memphis. He was married, in 1836, to Lydia, daughter of Noah Sage, of Ver- 
mont; she was born at Shaftsbnry, Vt., in 1814; they had a family of live children, three 
of whom are still living — Mrs. East. Mrs. Taylor and George H. Rix, of Lawton. Van Bu- 
ren Co., Mich. Mrs. Rix died in Kalamazoo, and was buried in Memphis, in 1877. Mr. 
Rix died September 8, 1880; he was a member of the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the Legislature. 

xMRS. WILLIAM P. RUSSELL (Miss Lucinda G. Stevens), daughter of Deacon O. 
S. Stevens, of Clinton, Lenawee Co.. Mich., was born in Livingston County. N. Y., May 
16, 1831; removed to Clinton May 16, 1831); educated in the public schools of that place, 
and afterward under the tuition of Prof. Estabrook. now of the Olivette College; she be- 
gan to teach in the public schools of the State at the age of twenty-two. which she fol- 
lowed for three yeai-s. She was married, August 27, 1874, to the Rev. W. P. Russell, of 
Memphis, Mich., and still lives at that place; her father was born at Claremont, N. H.. 
and moved to Michigan in an early day, and has spent his active life in this State; he now 
lives with his daughter, Mi-s. Russell, and is in good health, at the age of eighty live years; 
her mother died March Ki, 1.S66, at Clinton, Mich.; her maiden name was Matilda Goss: 
she became a member of the Congregational C!hurch, then Pre.sbyteriau, of Clinton, Mich., 
at the age of eighteen years, which membership was transferred to the chm-ch at Mem- 
phis, and she is still an active member, a Clerk of the church, and a faithful worker in 
the Sabbath school. 

JOHN K. SMITH, a native of Vermont, rendered a most important service to his 
countrj-'s troops in 1813; was afterward appointed a Forage Master of a United States 
regiment, and served with the command until discharge;! at Detroit in 1816; the same 
year, he visited Stromner's Island, leased the old Laughton House thereon from David 
Laughton, and inaugurated the Smith Pottery there in May, 1S17; in the winter of 1818, 
he taught school on Harsen's Island, in a j)art of Jacob Harsen's house, at the same time 
being engaged in trade with the Indians, in company with D. Laughton; he was commis- 



^1 



1 



sioned Justice of the Peace of Macomb County May 17, 181S, by Gov. Cass; was the first 
Postmaster in St. Clair County, being appointed in charge of an office at Plainfield Au- 
gust 26, 18'2(), and Special Commissioner of St. Clair April 20, 1S27, first Custom Inspec- 
tor on the St. Clair River May J, 1832; and was the first Probate Judge of St. Clair, being 
elected in 1835; he was Justice of the Peace from 1818 until his death, in 1855. Through- 
out the chapters of the general history, the name of John K. Smith is given in close con- 
nection with the aflairs of Macomb County in 1818, 1819 and 1821. 

ADDISON G. STONE, son of George H. and Melinda Farewell, natives of New York 
and Ohio, was born at the village of Albion, Orleans Co., N. Y. , March 16, 1S4U; he re- 
ceived a primary education in his native place, and then entered Eastman's Commercial 
College, of Rochester, N. Y., and then to Georgetown College, of Washington, D. C, 
where he gi'aduated from the Law Department in June, 1875; was admitted to the prac- 
tice of law by the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia June l-t, 1875. entered upon 
the practice of his profession at once, which was continued one year; on leaving AVash- 
ington, he went South, and was in Savannah during the rage of the yellow fever, and was 
one of the sufferers; then he removed to Rutland County, Vt., and engaged in the practice 
of law at that place about two years, where he was a member of the bar fur that county. 
He removed to Macomb County December 12, 1878, locating in Richmond Village, where 
he still resides, and is engaged in his profession. He was married, September 10, 1873, 
to Lucretia M. Kent, a native of Wallingfqrd, Vt. ; she was the daughter of E. W. Kent, 
a farmer of that place; they have no childi'en. At the township meeting next succeeding 
his arrival in the township, he was elected a magistrate, which office he still holds; in 
1880, he was elected Circuit Court Commissioner of the county, and is still in office. Mr. 
Stone is well up in his profession, and is a Republican in politics: was elected by the larg- 
est majority of any one on the ticket. Mrs. Stone was born in Wallingford. Vt. , Mai-ch 
31, 1850. Mr. Stone was Clerk of the village of Richmond for two years succeeding its 
organization and incorporation — 1870 and 1880. 

SANFORD M. STONE, son of Solomon and Betsey, daughter of Amos Bradley, was 
born October 22, 1828, in Monroe County, N. Y. : came to Macomb with his father's fam- 
ily in 1843; lived at home until attaining the age of twenty years, then attended private 
school at Armada Village from this time until 1857, when he was a public teacher in the 
schools foui'teen teims; then he bought land on Section 26, Richmond; he soon added 
to the farm and improved it; he sold in 1863; since that time, he has been engaged in 
agriculture in various places, and now owns several farms; was mari-ied, March 16, 185U, 
to Caroline A. Halleck, daughter of Hinsdale Halleck, a native of Orleans County. N. Y. ; 
she w^s boi"n in Lapeer County April 26, 1810; they have fom' children — Alice J., born 
September 6. 1861; Mary E.. June 21. 1863: Hiram H.. November 1, 1865. died March 
25, 1866; Wan-en S., born September 23, 1860; Phoebe C, September 7, 1873. After 
marriage, Mr. Stone lived on the farm six years, then he moved to the village of Rich- 
mond, and has since resided there: in 1878, he built a residence, which at that time was 
the finest residence in the place; he has been a towi^shi[) officer at several times; also an 
officer under the village char+er from the beginning, and at present is its President: a 
dealer in real estate and securities, and always a Democrat: an officer at the organization 
of the Union School of the village. 

SOLOMON STONE. Was born January 17. 1788: he was the son of Elias Stone, 
a native of Massachusetts. Solomon was married first to Martha Stanton Clark, who 
died after a few years. A few years after, he married Betsey Bradley, who was born in 
Salem, Washington Co., N. Y. ; they had one child, Mi's. Sherman, of Bruce Township; 
by the two marriages there were twelve chiklren, six of whom are living. Mr. Stone was 
a farmer, having taken land from the Government, on which he lived until the time of his 



el 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



^1^ 



death, which occurred February 2, 185B. on the homestead. Mi-s. Stone died in Rich- 
mond Village February 1. 1878. All but one are living in the count}'; came to Macomb 
and located his land and moved his family in September. 1843. 

DAVID STOXE, one of the old-time residents of Macomb, a fuller and carder by 
trade, was born in Massachusetts in 171)3. He distinctly remembers the scenes of Wash- 
ington's death, and the fact of his parents going to attend funeral service.s, which were 
held at many places; also the terrible shock attending the death of Hamilton at the hands 
of Aaron Burr: during the war of 1812, was called out with the militia for defense. He 
moved from Genesee County, N. Y., to Macomb. Mich., about the year 183(3, and became 
a pioneer of that region, establishing himself in the trade of carder of wool and dresser 
of cloth; this business was destroyed by fire, and soon after, his wife, only son and two 
daughters died. His present home is at Lapeer City. He became a Christian early in 
life, joining the Congregational Church, of which he is still a devoted and consistent 
member; he is an active politician, and has voted for every President since 1815; always 
Whig and Republican. His only surviving daughter is Mrs. Dr. Hamilton, of Lapeer, 
with whom is his present home. 

GEORGE H. STUART, son of Ebenezer and Susan (Hale) Stuart, was born in West 
Bloomtield, N. Y., October 20, 1813; his parents were natives of Massachusetts; his father 
removed to Ontario County, N. Y. , and died there in 1817: his mother died at Detroit in 
1858, at the age of seventy-live. Mr. Stuart passed his early life in Richmond, in the 
family uf Mr. Xathan Hicks, attending school and working on a farm; in April, 18-1:2, he 
removed to Macomb, having been married the December previous to Miss Betsey A. Jones, 
of the same i)lace, who accompanied her husband to his new home; they located on land 
previously purchased, on Section 10, Richmond, on which he has continuously resided 
since that time. Mrs. Stuart was born May 18, 1817; she is the daughter of Seth Jones, 
of Bristol, Ontario Co., N. Y. ; they have no children. Mr Stuart has held important 
oflSces in township and society, and is a member of the Democratic party: he brought his 
laud fi'om a state of nature to a pleasant and productive farm. 

D. T. SUTTON. 

BYRON SUTHERLAND, sou of Andrew and Naomi (Cooley) Sutherland, was born 
in Cambria, Niagara Co., N. Y., February 4, 1824; his parents were natives oT Rutland 
County, Vt, who removed to Western New York and died in 1836; he was a soldier of the 
war or 1812, and was promoted to the Colonelcy of a regiment, and was discharged with 
honor; his mother died at Romeo in 1871. The subject of this sketch removed to Ma- 
comb in the year 18411, and located land on Section 10, in Richmond Township, which is 
a portion of his present farm. He was married, January 1, 184U, to Sarah A., only child 
of Noah Cooley, of Washington Township: she was born in Niagara County, N. Y., Sep- 
tember 30, 1824; the fruits of this marriage have been Sarah, born November 26, 1841), 
married H. Woodward and lives in Flint; Andrew B., born September 9, 1851, married 
Lou DeLand and lives in Memphis Village; Emma A. , born January 13, 1854, living 
with a brother at Romeo; Noah C, born August 13. 1S56, married Stella Skillman and 
lives near Romeo; Anna N., born July 0, 1858, lives at home; William D., born Novem- 
ber ly, 1860, lives at home; Elmer B. , born June 22, 1862, lives at home; Irving C, and 
Earnest A. (twins), born March 25, 1865, also at home. Mr. Sutherland has been an offi- 
cer of the township, and is the owner of a well-situated and fertile farm of 250 acres. 
The father of Mrs. Sutherland was born at Rutland, Vt. , November 26, 1804; moved to 
Romeo in 1S31 and cleared the homestead farm, where he died April 10, 1877, Her 
mother was born in Allegany County, N. Y., Noveiuber 14, 1807, and died at Romeo No- 
vember 16, '18S0j~iier ancestors toolv_^>ai't in the Revolution. 



^1 



806 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

STEPHEN G. TAYLOR, son of Elijah and Clarissa Taylor, a native of New Hamp 
shire, and bis mother's gi'eat-grandfather was Lord Granville, of England. Mr. Stejiheu 
Taylor was born in Carroll County, N. H., October 13, 1835. one of eight children, all liv- 
ing but one; also their father and mother, in their native State, had lived together for 
fifty-sevan years. He came to Michigan in 1856; was a school-teacher near Baltimore one 
term, and then engaged as a clerk in a diy goods store until 185U, when he removed to 
Mem])his and engaged in the dry goods trade in that village; this was continiied for a few 
years, when Orl Ris became associated with him, which partnership was continued until the 
business was closed out in 1864. At this time, Mr. Taylor engaged in the milling busi- 
ness with Ml'. Rix, and, on Mr. Rix retiring in 1877, Mr. A. D. Taylor became a partner, 
which continues at the present time. Mr. Taylor was married, in August, 1861, to Sarah 
A., daughter of Orl Rix, of Royalton, Vt. : she was bora at Memphis July 13, 1843: their 
childi'en are as follows: Charles R., born February 4, 1863, now in Detroit: Adrian G., 
born May 20, 1867: May L., born September 6. 1877. Mr. Taylor has been a member of 
the Congregational Chm'ch of the village for sixteen years, and a Deacon of the same: 
Mrs. Taylor has also been a member the same length of time. He has been for a long tiane 
connected with the Sunday school, and active in all the improvements of the village. In 
politics, he is a Democrat. 



CHAPTER XXXVI. 

W .V.sil IXGT( >X 'l'{ )WNSII I P. 

The meeting to organize the township of Washington was held at the house of Alvin 
Nye (where Emulous Stone lived in 1877) in April, 1827. Daniel Thurston was called 
upon to preside, and Otis Lamb was chosen Clerk. It was then proposed that some one 
would propose a name: many names wei-e given and passed over, until at length the 
Chairman said: "I move that we name the town in honor of the father of our country." 
The name was accepted enthusiastically, and confirmed by act of organization. At that 
time there were not over forty families in the township. 

oi;ct,\.\i/,.^tio.\. 

Washington Township, comprising Towns 4 and 5 north, in the twelfth range east, 
was erected under powers given in the act of April 12. 1827, and the first town meeting 
was ordered to be held at the house of John Holland, the last Monday in May, 1827^ 
The first town meeting was held at the schoolhouse, near John D. Holland's, May 28, 1827. 
Gideon Gates was chosen Moderator, and Isaac Andrns, Clerk. The election resulted in 
the choice of John A. Axford, for Su^jervisor: John D. Holland, Clerk: Daniel B. Web- 
ster, Collector and Constable: Asahel Bailey, John Bennett and Nathan Nye, Assessors: 
Alexander Tackles, John Bennett, James Starkweather, Commissioners: Albert Finch and 
Joseph Miller, Overseers of the Poor, and Alvin Nye, Constable; Asahel Bailey, Elon An- 
drus, Edward Arnold, Poundmasters: (ieorge Wetson, Otis Lamb, Robert Townsend. 
Nathan Nye, Daniel Haydeu. William Allen. Philip Price, Albert Finch and Isaac Skill- 
man, Overseers of Highways, appointed by the County Commissioners in March, 1827. 

Among the first acts of the new board was that to raise $25 for the support of the 
poor. On August 15, 1827, a special election was held to select a Constable and Collector, 
vice Daniel B. Webster, resigned, when William Price was chosen. The principal town- 
ship officers, elected since the year of organization, are named in the following list: 



-^ 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 807 

TOM'X liOSTEK. 

Supervisors— John S. Axford, 1S27-2S: Gideon Gates, 1828-33: Caleb Wilbor, 1833 
-38: Coiiutv Commissioners, 1838-43: John Keeler. 1843-44: Erastus Smith. 1844-45: 
John Kf eler. 1845-47: Noah Coolev, 1847-49: Erastus Smith, 1849-50: Elisha Calkins, 
1850-51: Noah Cooler, 1851-53: Elisha Calkins. 1853-55: Marshall S. Hadley. 1855-56; 
George H. Fenner, 18-"6-57: Hugii Gray, 1857-58: Eraslns Smith, 1858-72: Jerome 
AV. Nyms, 1872-81; Stephen B, Cannon, "1881-82. 

In the foregoing list of Supervisors, it must be remembered that from 1818 to the date 
of township election, in 1827, the county was governed by Commissioners; from that 
period until 1838, by Supervisors: from 1838 until early in 1843, by County Commission- 
ers, when the Supervisors' Board was reestablished. 

Clerks— John D. Holland, 1827-31: Horace Foote. 1831-32; James Starkweather, 
1832-33; John D. Holland, 1833-45; Otis Lamb, 1836-50: Albert Nve, 1850-51: Otis 
Lamb. 1852-53: George Washer, 1853-54: Charles F. Mallary, 1854-58: A. H. Poole, 
1858-59; Albert E. Leete, 1859-60; C. F. Mallary, 1860-70; Nathan G. Bates. 1870-71: 
Charles C. Bradlev, 1871-76; Collins Bradley. 1876-77: Byron J. Flumerfelt, 1877-78; 
Eber J. Dudley, 1878-82. 

Treasurers— Daniel B. Webster, 1827: William Price. 1828: Alvin Nye. 1829; Gad - 
Chamberlin. 1830: Hiram Calkins. 1831-33: H. Van Kleek, 1834; James H. Rose 1837; 
Hiram Calkins, 1840; Orin P. Southwell. 1842: James H. Eose, 1844; Orsel Dudley, 
1851; Marvin Wilbur. 1855: Morgan Nye, 1857: Truman R. Andrus. 1858: John Cannon, 
1861: Emulias Stone, 1863: Theron Cole, 1865; Elias L. Stone, 1867; Theron Cole, 
1868; James H. Rose, 1870; Aaron B. Rawles. 1875; Jonathan Stone, 1877: Edward W. 
Andras, 1879; Jonathan Stone, 1881. 

Justices of the Peace — Ezra B. Throop. 1827: Gideon Gates, 1829; Otis Lamb, John 
Bennett, 1830; J. B. Hollister. 1831: Alexander Tackles, 1832; Wells Waring, 1833; 
Azariah Prentiss, 1834: Alexander Tackles. M. Shaw, D. W. Noyes, Orsel Dudley. C. F. 
Snover,' Wells Waring, 1836: Hiram Sherman, 1837; John Lawrenc , Justin H. Butler. 
Alexander Tackles. 1838: John Lawi-ence, 1839; Orsel Dudley, 1840; Justin H. Butler! 
Thomas \Vheeler. 1841; Azariah W. Sterling, 1842: John Lawi-ence. Cortez P. Hooker, 
1843: Orsel Dudley. 1844: Cortez P. Hooker. 1845: Azariah W. Sterling. John Bates, 
1846: William Park. 1847: John Bates, 1848; Caleb W^ilbm-, 1849; Orsel Dudley, Azariah 
AV. Sterling, 1850; William Park, 1851; Orsel Dudley, C. C. Lamb. 1853; A." W. Ster- 
ling. 1854: William Park. 1855: Aaron Stone, James N. Cole, 1857; A. W. Sterling, 
1858; William Park, 1859: S. H. Burlingham. 1860; William A. Stone, 1861; A. W. 
Sterling, 1862; William Park, George W. Knapp, 1863; George W. Knapp, 1864; C. F. 
Mallary, James M. Vaughan, 1865: Azariah W. Sterling, 1866; Edward Soule, 1867; 
Chai-les F. Mallard. 1868: James M. Yaughan. 1869: James M. Vaughan, Azariah W. 
Sterling 1870; Martin Buzzell, 1871; John V. Rush, 1872; Edward Soule, 1873: Azariah 
W. Sterling, 1874; Martin Buzzell. 1875: John J. Snook, Cortez Fesseuden, 1876; Albert 
Yates, 1877; Cortez Fessenden, 187S ; Martin Buzzell. 1879; John J. Snook. 1880; James 
M. Vaughan. 1881. 

The officers elected in April, 1SS2. were Supervisor, S. B. Cannon, Republican. 225; 
Chas. T, Mallory. Democrat, 71: Republican majority, 154. Clerk. E. J. Dudley. Re- 
publican. 212; William S. Badger. Democrat. 90; Republican majority. 122. Treasiu'er. 
Jonathan Stone. Republican, 220: J. L. Benjamin. Democrat, 78; Republican major- 
ity. 142. 

(ilt.VXI) Tl;UNM< U.Mr.ROAD OK JIlrHIO.VN. 

A petition to Supervisor Aratus Smith, dated January 8, 1868. requesting him to call 
a meeting of Washington Township, was acceded to January 16, and the meeting convened 



SI fy 



i A 

808 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

February 13, 1868. The jieople voted a loan of $33,000 to the Grand Trunk Railway of 
Micliicran for the purpo,ses of constructintj a raih-oad from Kidgeway. or Richmond, to 
Pontiac: 230 freeholders voted for the loan, while lOfi o{)posed it. 

.^Il( IIKi.VN .\I1M.INE UAILIKI.MI. 

On May 15, 18()U, a petition, signed by thirty-two citizens of Washington, to Aratus 
Smith, asking him to convene a meeting of freeholders to consider the question of grant- 
ing aid to the Michigan Air-Line Railroad, was acceded to and a meeting called June 10, 
llSfU). Two hundred taxpayers voted a loan of $25,000, while li)() opposed such a loan. 

A i;i:.Mi\i.srE.\ci'; of kaklv day.s i\ WAsiiiN(;'r(>x. 

The gi-eatei portion of the families named in the following paper came from the State 
of New York in the years 1822, 1823 and 1824; each piu-chased from SO to 100 acres, 
generally at $1.25 per acre, and commenced clearing up the land for permanent homes. 

In the year 1824, in the fall, it was deemed advisable by the few settlers in the 
northern part of the town of 'Washington to establish a school; consecjuently, a site for a 
house was soon decided upon, a log edifice built, and a young lad named Silas Scott in- 
stalled as teacher. The house, which was at the time designed to be centrally located, on 
Freeborn Healy's land, was built in the woods, one mile and a half south of the present 
village of Romeo, on the west side of the road on the hill, just beyond what is now known 
as the Benjamin Model Farm. The number of pupils in attendance in the year 1824 was 
twenty-seven or twenty-eight, coming in from two or three miles in difi'erent directions 
thrt)ugh the almost unbroken wilderness. The principal roads at that time were Indian 
trails. There was also an Indian encampment at that time on the east side of the road 
nearly opposite this schooUiouse, near where the railroad now crosses the brook. The 
gathering of so many children seemed to greatlj puzzle the natives, and frequently they 
would, after ornamenting themselves with nose and ear jewelry, paint and feathers, 
steal up to the windows of the schoolhouse to take a peej) at the scholars. The scholars 
of 18'^4 were three sous and one daughter of Philip Price — Samuel, Polly. Philip and 
James. Those of other families, Horace Arnold, Robert Arnold, Phtebe Arnold, Thomas 
Woodman, Horace Tackles. Horton Healy, Paulina Healy, Rosanna Chandler, Orsamus 
Webster, Samantha Webster, Edwin Gould, Adelia Gould, Elijah Thorington. Miranda Thor- 
ington. Lucy Phelps, Jed Smith, David Smith, George Finch, Alpheus Finch, Wesley Finch ; 
these Finch boys were brothers of the lost child: Harrison Kittridge, Jane Gates and Wilber 
Gates. About one-half of the number are still living. Silas Scott, the teacher, after 
closing his school in the spring of 1825, purchased a farm in sight of Romeo Village, 
where he resided until his death, a few years ago, leaving one son, Frank Scott, who, at the 
present writing, resides on the same farm, and is also at the present time teaching school 
in the same neighborhood that his father taught fifty-seven years ago. With three or four 
exceptions (the familes of Thorington, Scott and Arnold), the early settlers at that time 
have either died or removed, and others have taken their places. Large, well-cultivated 
fields, nice residences and splendid roads are now to be seen on every hand, instead of 
Indian encampments, trails and dense forests. And the trials and privations endured by 
those early, hardy settlers are, by the present generation in their abundance, scarcely re- 
membered. 

Till'; ( KISS.MAX sriiooi . 

The Crissman School District was organized February 12, 1848, from fractions taken 
from the surrounding districts. The first school meeting was held February 26, 1848, at 
the house of J. J. Crissman. when the following officers were elected: F. S. Crissman, 
Moderator; Clinton Sowles, Assessor; John Bates, Director. The first schoolhouse was 



^ 



biiilt by Alvin Baldwin, and was finished September 15, 1851. The size of this building 
was 20x25 feet, and its cost $238. 88. The first district school was taught by Miss Laura 
Parrish (now Mrs. Chai'les Crissman, of Mt. Vernon) for a consideration of |2 per week. 
She taught fifteen weeks and had twenty-seven pupils. The schoolhouse in use at the present 
time was built by William H. Jersey during the summer of 1869. The cost of this build- 
ing was $1,000, and its location close by the site of the old house. 

.SCHOOLS. 

There are five district schools and three fractional district schools in the township. 
The Directors for the year 1881-82 were Samuel C. Ritter. I. N. Brabb, D. T. Smith, M. 
H. Crissman, Ira Wood. W. H. Balesole, W. W. Vaughan and E. Rowley. Tiiere are 
six frame and two brick school buildings, valued at $6,590. During the year ending 
September, 1881, no less than fourteen teachers were engaged, to whom the sum of $1,- 
559.50 was paid. The number of children of school age in the township in 1880-81 was 
370, of which number only 264 attended school. The total expenditm'es of the township 
for school purposes diu-ing the year ending September 5, 1881. was $2,713.73, of which 
sum $357.38 accnied from the State school fund. 

A reference to the schools of Bruce will point out the fact that a niunber of children 
belonging to Washington Township are enumerated as belonging to the Union School of 
Romeo, and noticed in the Bruce school statistics. 

A TEMPER.\N( E BUILDING. 

The first building raised in this vicinity without the use of whisky was the present 
residence of J. R. Manley, in 1838. The architect and builder, the late Chauncey 
Chm'ch, was interested in the temperance cause and would have no spirituous liquors at any 
of his raisings. After the work on this occasion was done, he mounted on the topmost 
timber and delivered the following original toast: 

"This frame is of oak, it stands upou rocks, 
'Twas framril tipim lioiior for Elias Wilcox, 
And since it is raised and tliinn's are all right. 
Tis Elias' home and Nancys delight. 
We've had no whisk}-, we don't care for that, 
We'll have something better than rum or wild cat. 
So let us be merry, both Democrat and Whig. 
And we'll go to the house and get some baked pig." 

MENTION OF A ¥KV>' OLD SETTLERS. 

In August, 1823, Mrs. Nancy Anne Lamb Andrus and her husband, with John 
Holland, Polly Greene and Laiu-a and Atu'illa Miller, formed the tu'st Methodist 
class in Washington Township, meeting from bouse to house, often several miles 
apart, for seasons of prayer and praise. They were models of hospitality and 
all were made welcome, particularly the traveling ministers, and their houses were 
known for many year's as the preachers' home. The Andrus house was also the head- 
quarters for all the land-lookers and travelers, and hundreds were ted and lodged within 
their small but hospitable dwelling. They struggled through almost incredible hard- 
ships, but reared all their ten children and saw them all married. Mr. Andrus died io 
July, 1865, and the widow has since resided with her daughter-in-law, having lived to 
witness many changes in church and society, and never losing her interest in either, al- 
though for a few years she has been unable to leave home. She retained her faculties, 
except hearing, to the last, and, until a few weeks of her death, she sewed as many hours 
in a day as any seamstress, and her work was always very nicely done. Five of the chil- 
dren have outlived the parents —Mrs. Laura Hamlin, of Rochester; Dr. W. W. Andrvis, 
50 



^ 



ot Utica; Loren Andi-us, Mrs. S. A. Babbitt and Mrs. J. M. Vaughan. Mrs. Andrus be- 
longed to a family remarkable for their longevity, and there is one sister now living who 
does her own work at the age of ninety- four. 

KHMINDKKS OF THE I'.\.ST. 

There was I'egiilar circuit preaching here before there was any schoolhouse built in 
this town. The minister's name was Petit, not Pattee, and he used to preach at the house of 
Joseph Miller, standing on the ground where the hotel now stands. The going to Utica 
was on quarterly meeting occasions, and they used to go with ox teams or on foot. The 
first schoolhouse was built about a hundred rods from the corners south, and on land be- 
longing to George Wilson, nearly opposite the residence of Mrs. Marquis Nye. The next, 
on the corners where the brick one now stands, three miles south of Romeo. The third 
was opposite the cemetery. 

METHODI.ST (UrnCH. 

The original class of Methodists was formed here in 1823, consisting of six persons — 
John Holland, Elon Andrus, Nancy Andrus, Polly Greene, Aurilla Miller and Laura Mil- 
ler. They met at tirst in prayer-meetings from house to house, the nearest jsreaehing be- 
ing at Utica, where they occasionally went, until the building of the log schoolhouse op- 
posite the present cemetery. Rev. Elias Petit is siipposed to have been the tirst minister, 
and his circuit extended nearly 500 miles. After a few years, a log schoolhouse was built 
on the main road, and, in 1839, a frame schoolhouse was erected, nearly opposite the 
residence of Loren Andi'us, and religious services were conducted there until the building 
of the present church edifice in 1846. There were always two ministers on the charge, 
and Ebenezer Steele and Nelson Barnum were stationed here then. There is no record 
of anything pertaining to the society previous to the building of the church, but under 
date of Fel)ruary 12. 1846, we find the following: "The Trustees for the First Methodist 
Episcopal Church in Washington contracted with Chauncey Chm-eh to build a meeting- 
house for said M. E. Church, on the west side of Section 24, in said towushiji, opposite 
Dr. Cooley's garden, said house to be 36x50 feet, without a belfry, to be finished by the 
1st day of January, 1847, for the sum of $1,150." This was signed by Elon Andrus, Abel 
Warner, Benjamin McGregor, David W. Noyes, John Keeler. 

The same Trustees afterward contracted with L. D, Cowles to build a belfry, to be 
completed at the same time, for $150. The necessary money was raised for the building 
b}^ the sale of slips, the prices ranging from $10 to $40, and. of the forty slips thus sold, 
but four of the original pm-ehasers are here to claim their property — Jesse Norton, J. W. 
Manley. Loren Andrus and J. M Vaughan. The building was accepted and paid for on 
December 28, 1846. at which time it was dedicated by Rev. Mi-. Crane, at that time Pre- 
siding Elder of this district. 

Many changes were effected in the church building. In 1854, a bell was donated by 
J. Z. Kelsey. Other improvements were made in 1869. On January 80, 1878, the reno- 
vation of the house was completed and its re-dedication accomplished. 

THE WASHINGTON I'NION fllTTRCH S0CIP:TY. 

For many years previous to the organization of this society, all religious services 
were held in the church building dedicated by the Methodist Episcopal society, then the 
only house of worship in the village of Washington. The church, although dedicated by 
the Methodist Episcopal society, the expense incurred by extensive repairs and the erec- 
tion of suitable sheds adjoining was shared in by the entire community, without regard 
to religious belief. 

In the spring of 1879, the Trustees of the Methodist Episcopal society asserted their 
legal right to the exclusive control and use of the property, soon after closing their doors 



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HI.STORY OF :\IACOMB COUNTY. 



against a denomination on account of its creed. This society was tlien organized, July 5, 
1879, adopted the following: '"Any ehm-ch building that now, or that may hereafter, be 
owned by this society, shall always be free from sectarian control, and no religious society, 
or any claiming to be such, orthodox or unorthodox, shall be denied the use of said chuceh 
building, simply on account of its religious belief." The lirst Trustees were Timothy 
Lockwood, William A. Stone, Henry Bennett. Edward W. Andrus and William W. Yaughan. 
Diu'ing the fall of 1879. the society erected a commodious structm-e at an expense ex- 
ceeding $3.00l). which was formally dedicated February 26, 1880. Religious services are 
held each Sabbath, the Rev. C. W. Knickerbocker, of Wayne, alternating with Rev. John 
Young, of Romeo, and Rev. W^illiam Arlington, of Richmond. The society has a large 
membership and is in a prosperous condition. 

son II lUT.i.M.-oiiorNP. 
The aft'airs of the South Burial-Ground Society were at a stand-still, as there has been 
no gathering of that association for twenty-two years, or since March, 1860. until the 
Clerk, J. M. Yaughan, called a meeting for A|)ril 29, 1882. The Trustees of that long- 
ago time have all passed away, but the officers were re-elected, and a new fence, with other 
improvements, will be the result of the gathering, the new and old officers standing as 
follows: President, Loren Andrus; Clerk, J. M. Yaughan; Collector, C. M. Bates; Sex- 
ton, Michael Widrig; Assistant Sexton, John Dotsert; Trustees, E. W. Andrus, Elijah 
Wilson, Albert Yates. 

VILLAGES OF THE TOWNSHIP 

Washington Village contains 225 inhabitants. The locality was first settled in 
1818. The village is sixteen miles northwest of Mt. Clemens and thirty miles north of 
Detroit, with which cities it is connected by the Michigan Air-Line and Grand Trunk 
Railroads. Formerly, its nearest shipping-point was Utica. seven miles south, on the D. & 
B. C. E. R., and with which it was connected with a daily line of stages. It has Method- 
ist Episcopal and Union Chm'ches, a graded school. ex]iress, daily mail, east and west. 
Principal exports, wheat, wool and fruit. The business circle of the village is made up 
as follows: Charles Bennett, blacksmith; Thoma? Brabb, capitalist; George H. Cannon, 
civil engineer; Miss L. Davis, music-teacher; Ida Lamb, teacher of public school: Jay 
Miller, wind-mill agent; Byron Norton, pianos and music -teacher: W, W. Norton, pianos 
and organs; H. & M. Roberts, hotel and furnitTU-e dealers; J. H. Rose, carpenter and 
builder; Abram Shepherd, boot and shoemaker: David G. Stewai't, carpenter: Adelbert 
Stone, general store and express agent: Stone Bros. , general stort> ; Isaac Terpening, wind- 
mill agent; William W. Yaughan, insurance agent and Notary; George A. Woodward, 
teacher in public school; Albert Yates, physician. 

Mt. Yernon is a small post office village in Washington Township, Macomb County, 
seventeen miles northwest of Mt. Clemens Court House antl five northeast of Roches- 
ter, on the D. & B. C. R. R., its nearest shipping-point connection therewith by semi- 
weekly mail. In the immediate vicinity are two churches — Baptist and Methodist — 
and district school. The businsss men of the village are named as follows: Alpheus 
Baldwin, Constable; Jeremiah Cole, blacksmith; J. N. Fangboner, painter; Mark Fang- 
boner, wagon-maker; Joseph McCluer, live stock; John ilajor, live stock; E. J. Mann, 
painter; Rev. W. H. Mills, Baptist; J. J. Snook, Notary and Justice; M. L. Townsend, 
live stock dealer. 

The number of farms in the township in 1850 was 116: of acres under cultivation, 
10,825; of bushels of wheat raised, 27,436; of corn, 26,983; of all other kinds of grain, 
15,945 bushels; of potatoes, 5,775 bushels; of wool, 19,495 pounds; of butter, 28,710 
pounds; of cheese, 11,424 poimds. 



nv" 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Twenty-four years later, in 1874, there were 196 farms, containing 16,404 acres of 
improved land, valued at 11.215,990. There were 34,004 bushels of wheat raised; 35,- 
5()0 bushels of corn, and 42,040 bushels of other grains. The potato crop yielded 9,873 
bushels. The product of the dairy was 55.905 pounds of butter; 10,300 pounds of cheese; 
34,922 pounds of wool were sent to market, and 70,675 ppunds of pork sold outside the 
township. 

The population, in 1850, including the southern half of Romeo, was 1.541; in 1874. 
it reached 2,099, and, in 1880, distinct from Romeo, contained a population of 2,052. 

i;kjiixisckn<p:s ok c. iiai:i,o\v gi:kkn. 

From an adikess delivered before the Macomb County Pioneer Society, at Washing- 
on. May 26, 1881, by C. Harlow Green, the following references to the early times in 
Washington are extracted: "In the fall of 1824, a log schoolhouse was built south of 
Washington Village on the west side of the road, just beyond the hollow, where a stream- 
let flowed, nearly opposite the village residence of the late Marcus Nye. Evidences of 
this building were found scattered around even in 1881. The teacher for that summer 
was Miss Emeliue Allen, a younger sister of the early settlers — William and John Allen. 
During the winter of 1824-25, Isaac Andrus, a brother of Elon Andrus, presided over the 
school. During the summer of 1825, Miss Allen was employed as teacher, and the suc- 
ceeding winter she was succeeded by Isaac Andi'us. The winter schools of 1826-27 and 
of 1827-28 were conducted by Nathaniel Augustus Baldwin, an old settler near Rochester. 

John Chapman, the mathematician — the man, who, back in the State of New York, 
was equal to and performed the principal portion of the work in compiling Ostrander's 
arithmetic, while Tobias Ostrander managed to get all the credit — taught the school in 
1828-29. During the winter term of 1829-30, Abel AVebster, a younger brother of Price 
B. Webster, presided over the school. Among the pupils' of the sohool, the following 
names are remembered: Elias and Julia Wilcox; Sylvester, Emily, Orpha and John Dar- 
ling; Arba, Alphonso, Orlando, Arba, Jr., Calvin and James Richards;. John, Mary, Jane, 
Amy Ann, Chauncey and Joseph Chapman; Lester Niles; Dm'r and Adelia Giddings; Abel, 
Laura, Elizabeth, Fayette, Olier, Mary and Squire Warren; Jeremiah, Electa, Ai-manda, 
William, Timothy, Maria and Rhoda Ann Lockwood; Solomon, Eunice, Harriet, Amarilla, 
Almeron and Amos Wales; George, Alfred, Eliza, Marvin, Jane Hauscom; Geoi'ge Steb- 
bins; Abram, Mary and Horace Wilson; Daniel and Eveline Miller; Elon, Laura, Jeri;sha, 
Clarissa, Truman; Loren, Calista, William, Elon, Jr., and Nancy Andrus: Joseph, Levi. 
Worcester, Laura and Adela Miller; Iddo and Julia Warner; John, Harvey, Harry, Har- 
mon and Hiram Bennett; Sardis. Orman, Sardis Hand and Mary Burlingham; Barnabas, 
Cyrus, Ransom and Edwin Miller; Charles, Emeliue, Lois and Maria Dudley Beagle; 
Otis, Linus, Eliza, Hiram and Emily Lamb: Ezra, Samantha, John and Ezra, Jr.. Bel- 
lows; Lazarus Green; C. Harlow Green; Price B., Harvey, Harlow and Hubbard Webster. 
The names of the teachers best remembered ;u-e Isaac Montfore. Isaac Andrus, John Chap- 
man, John D. Holland, Baldwin, Webster, Dalby, Noyes, Price and Miss Allen. 

The tu'st circuit ministers were Rev. Messrs. Plympton and Petit. The next was Mr. 
Jones. He it was, who, in a sermon in the Holland Schoolhouse about the year 1826, 
gave the tii'st sjiecimen of a radical temperance speech in Washington. In alluding to 
the whisky manufacturer, he called the distillery the "Devil's tea-pot. '" There was also 
in those days a circuit preacher named Reynolds — a sleek young man with red hair, who 
prized a good horse. A little later, came Frazee, a man of singular manner, sharp and 
ready for an emergency. Brother Baughman was also on the circuit about this time. 
Brother Elliott came next. He preached his farewell sermon at the old Arba Smith 
Schoolhouse, but retiu-ned to the circuit for another year. 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



For a few years, from 1834 onward, the Xlniversalists employed a Mr. Wheeler to 
preach for them in the neighborhood. The Universalists were not veiy numerous, so that 
the support of their 2:)ast r fell upon only a few. As report has it. Uncle George Hanscom 
finally became tired of paying out money, and declared that before he would continue to 
pay otit money for preaching, as he had done, he would bell his soul and tiu'u it out to grass."" 

From 1N29 to 1S33, there, were a few Fi'ee-Will Baptists and Christian ministers in 
the townships, staying among the brethren of the community, particularly with the Howard 
and Carpenter families. Elders Shearer, Lambarker and Thomas visited the district in 
early years. Elder Thomas went to Ohio, where he adopted the doctrine of Alex Camp- 
bell, and, retm-ning here, declared himself a disciple of Campbell faith. 

John and his father. Joseph Holland, were in the town dm-ing the summer of 1823. 
The latter is well remembered among the old settlers. Other early preachers are referred 
to in the pag(?s devoted to county history. 

BIOGliAPHUAL .SKETCHES. 

In the sketches of the pioneers and leading men of the township may be found 
many instructive and entertaining incidents of settlement. The foregoing historic 
sketch embraces much subject of a valuable character, but to prevent, as far as possible, 
the repetition of facts, nothing that has been fully treated in the biographical collection 
is introduced into the historic sketch of the township. 

JOHN ALLEN, a direct descendant of Ethan Allen, the hero of Ticonderoga, located 
in Washington at a very early date in the history of the county. In IS lit, he traveled 
Westward to St. Louis, Mo. ; in the general history, reference is made to him as being 
the builder of many of the early mills of Macomb; he is a man of sterling worth, highly 
esteemed and one of the oldest members of the Masonic order in this State. Mr. Allen is 
now aged ninety years, and in the enjoyment of good health; he resides with his son. Lee- 
man Allen, of Clarkston. Oakland Co.. Mich. 

KEY. GEORGE A. AMES, P. O. Mt. Vernon, pastor of the Baptist Church, Mt. 
Vernon (Washington), was born December 11, 1826, in Fenner, Madison Co., N. Y. ; he 
was educated at Madison University and entered the ministry in 1850; in January, 1851, 
he was ordained, at Stockbridge, Madison County; he has filled the pastorate of the 
chiu-ches at Sterling, Carthage, Gouverneur, Belleville and Pulaski, in the State of New 
York; McKeesport and Mt. Pleasant, Penn. : Sturgis, Northville and Jackson, Mich. In 
1864 and 1805. he was engaged in publishing the Christian Herahl, at Kalamazoo. He 
entered upon the pastorate of the church at Mt. Vernon, in September, 1879; he was mar- 
ried, in August, 1850, at Lenox Furnace, Madison Co., N. Y., to Julia A., second daugh- 
ter of Joseph A. Palmer; she died in Ju.ne, 1860, He was married again, to Martha, 
daughter of Ebenezer and Betsey Cline, of Jefferson County, N. Y. , in July, 1863; she 
was born December 8, 1835; her father was a native of New York, her mother of Rhode 
Island. Mr. and Mrs. Ames have had three children, two of whom are living — Eliza Isa- 
bella, born in McKeesport, Penn., September 12, 1808; and James N. B., in Pulaski, N. 
Y., Aiigust 15, 1873. The father of Mr. Ames, Rufus Ames, was born in Tunkhannock, 
Penn., in May, 1797; his ancestors came from England and settled in Massachusetts at 
an early day; his mother was a descendant of the house of Staft'ords, Staft'ordshire, En- 
gland. Sophia Blanchard, the mother of Mi-. Ames, was born in April, 1798, in Rhode 
Island; her mother was Elizabeth Ballon, descended from the Rev. Maturin Ballon, a 
Huguenot refugee, who found an asylum in the colonv of Roger Williams from the perse- 
cutions of the mother country. 

ISAAC ANDRUS undoubtedly was cotemporary with John and Mary Anth-ews (An- 
drus), who settled in Hartford County, Conn., previous to 1672. The name appears as 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



A 



Andrews, AiKiras, Andriiss. Isaac. Jr., settled in Shaftsbury. Vt. Isaac, Jr., son of 
Isaac, Jr., removed to Genesee County, N. Y. ; Lis family consisted )f six children, as 
follows: Elon, Linns, Truman, Russell. Isaac and Horace. Elon Anclfus was born Poult- 
ney, Vt., April 4, 178(5; he married Nancy, daughter of Gad and Jerusha (Ripley) Lamb, 
born in Tioga County, Penn.. November 15, 1791; her brothers' and sisters' names were 
Daniel, Harry, Sally. Patty, Jerusha. Lorain. Clarissa, Maria and Ebenezer. In Sep- 
tember, 18J1," Elon Andi-us left the State of New York to find a homo in the Territory of 
Michigan, and located lands as now known in Washington Township. Section 33; the fol- 
lowing fall, he embarked with his family from Bufl'alo, N. Y., on the steamer Walk-iu-the- 
Water; an accident occurred to the boat near what was then called Fairport, near the 
mouth of Black River, Ohio; the passengers sailed thence via schooner to Detroit, where 
om- pioneers were met by friends, and with ox teams were "toted"' to their destination. 
Mr. and Mrs. Andrus early in life joined the M. E. Church, and remained firm in the 
faith to the end of their days; the former died July 16, 1865. '■ Grandma "" Andrus, as 
she was known to all acquaintances, survived him thirteen years; she died at the old 
homestead the V.hh of July, 1878. Their family consisted of ten children, all of whom 
they saw married. The seven oldest were born in Genesee County, N. Y. ; the remaining 
three in Macomb County; their names are as follows: Lam'a, born September '.29. 1809. 
married to John F. Hamlin, of Avon, Oakland Co., Mich. ; children — John F. (died), Adol- 
phus, Caroline, Belle and Laura; Jerusha, born December J, 1810, married Hiram Wil- 
cox: children— Solon H.. Otho and Virginia (died); Clara, born July 12, 1812. married 
Dr. Dennis Cooley; Mr. Cooley practiced medicine for many years in Washington, and 
during his life accumulated an extensive botanical collection, now at the Agrieultm-al Col- 
lege, in Lansing; he died May 1. 1862; two years later, Mrs. Cooley was married to Dr. 
S. A. Babbitt, of Ypsilanti; Loren, born June 25, 1816; at the age of twenty-one, he was 
employed as Assistant Engineer in the survey of what was then called the Clinton & 
Kalamazoo Canal; two years later, he was on the survey of the raih-oad between Port 
Huron and Flint; at twenty-five, he was married to Lucina, daughter of Lewis and Nancy 
(Kuapp) Davis; she was born May 1, 1821, in Genesee County, N. Y. ; children — Flora, 
born October 19. 1S41, died Januarv 31. 1847; Dwight, July 23, 1844: Frank D., August 
21, 1N50; L. Ward, July 13, 1852; Mary. December 5, 1N54; Nancy D.. March 6, 1860; 
Alice and Agnes, February 12, 1862; Calista E., born December 3, 1818 (see sketch of J. 
M. Vaughan); Truman R.. born August 3, 1814, married Betsey, daughter of Richard 
Hothaml childi-en -Helen (died), Edwai-d W., George F.. Fred H.. Charles L., Austin 
(died). Truman B. died February 9. 1866; William W.. born July 25. 1821, married 
Ellen, daughter of John and Jane Summers, February 1, 1849; children— Rosette, Will- 
iam S., Truman M. (died), Hemy J. (died) and John C; Mr. Andrus practiced medicine 
for a number of years iu Utica, where he now resides; was a member of the Constitutional 
Convention at Lansing, in 1867; is the present State Senator from the Twentieth Disti'ict: 
Elon A., born July 14, 1823. married to Avu-elia Eggleston; one child, Ada; he has not 
been heard from for the past ten years; supposed he died in California: Nancy M. , born 
July 14, 1823, mairied lo Milo M. Davis, June 16, 1844; children— Albert E. (died), Lu- 
celia L., Marion B., Flora L., Ida M. and Clara B. ; she died October 4, 1871; Rosette, 
born July 14. 1S23, married, November 2(), 1846, to Dr. Myrou C. Kenney; died October- 
17, 1847. The Andrus family, politically, are Republican. 

JOHN BABBITT (pronounced Bah-bay), a Frenchman, with his wife, an English 
woman, came from England between 1600 and 1625, and settled in Massachusetts; his 
son. John Babbitt, was born in 1(564; Seth, 1()90; Nath, 1731; Uri, ndO; Samuel A., Oc- 
tober 4, 1811; Darwin, January 15, 1845; brother of the above, A. Dwight, January 13, 
1850, died of yellow fever, at New Orleans, October 20, 1878. 



^ 



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FRANK BAILEY, P. O. Romeo, was born November 10. 1855, in Oxford, Oakland 
Co.. Mich.; is the son of James F.' and Frances (Suover) Bailey; bis father was bom in 
18'24, in Delawai-e County. N. Y. ; he was the son of John and Millie Bailey, born, re- 
spectively, in Connecticut and Massachusetts; Frances Snover Bailey was born in 1832, 
in Hiu-on County, N. J. ; was the daugther of Charles F. and Susanna Snover, and died 
March 14, 1S77: her father died November 25, 1851, aged sixty; her mother died April 
11, 1N37, aged forty-two years. Frank Bailey of this sketch was married, March 20, 187VI, 
to Sarah M., daughter of William L. and Mary A. (McKibbin) Markle, of Oxford, Oak- 
land Co., Mich., born December 24, 1837, in the Province of Ontario, Canada: her father 
was a native of Canada, born in 1825. son of John M. and Hannah Markle; her mother 
was the daughter of William and Mary (Sterling) McKibbin, born in 1832. Mr. McKib- 
bin was born in 1808; his wife in 1801), in Scotland; her father, Archie Sterling, was a 
native of Scotland. Mi'. Bailey is by occupation a farmer, and has a farm on Section 15. 
Washington Township. 

ISAAC N. BRABB. P. O. Romeo, was born August 23. 1832, in Avon, Oakland Co , 
Mich. ; his father. Isaac Brabb, was born in Yorkshire, England, in 17U4. and came to 
America in 1830. settling in the Territory of Michigan, with his wife and tive children, 
all of whom are living; after a few mouths' stay in Detroit, he rented a farm near Roch- 
ester, Oakland County, and, foiu* years later, bought and located on the place known as 
the old Brabb farm, on Section 4. in Washington Township, where he lived for twenty- 
three years; he then removed to Romeo, where he died, April 13, 1S70; his wife, Hannah 
Hudson Brabb, was a native of Yorkshire, England, born in 17U'.(, and died at Romeo 
March 24, 1872. Mr. B. has been mainly occupied as a farmer, but had also been en- 
gaged to a considerable extent in the purchase and sale of real estate, and operating some- 
what as a capitalist. His home estate in Washington includes 180 acres of tii-st-clasB land, 
on Section 4, with line and substantial dwelling and all necessary outbuildings. Mi\ B. 
is a fine type of the thoroughgoing, enterprising, public-spirited agriculturist — one of the 
sort of men who form the substance of American manhooc?; all enterprises for the benefit 
of the whole of mankind engage his earnest interest: in 18<)2, he went to England to visit 
the place of his ancestors' birth and to attend the World's Fair, held at London that year; 
he attended the Centennial celebration held at Philadel])hia and the Atlanta Exposition 
of Georgia. Mr. B. was married, November 23, 1864, to Olive Eliza, daughter of Joel 
W. and Julia Wilcox Manly: she was born in Macomb Township December 3, 1841; her 
father was born February 10, ]81(), and is now living in Shelby Township; her mother 
was born in Riish. Monroe Co., N. Y., October 13. 1822; they have. three children, born 
as follows: Earnest Manly, May 0, 181)7; Howard S., August 1, 1871; Robert H., Jime 

4. LS73; they have also an adopted daughter, Agnes M. , born December 24, 1S74. Both 
parents are members of the M. E. Church of Romeo. Mr. B. is a Republican in politics. 
Mrs. B. was a teacher for five vears. 

THOMAS BRABB was born January 22, 1820, in Yorkshire, England: he is thf son 
of Geoi'ge and Elizabeth Brabb; the f oi-mer was born in England March U, 1700; he came 
to America in 1831; they landed at Quebec after a voyage of fom-teen weeks and one day; 
the ship's crew lost their bearings in a ten days' fog, and di-ifted northward until they 
found themselves among icebergs and whales in great numbers; it was July and August, 
but it was so far toward the pole that winter wraps were a necessity. M'\ Brabb, Sr., set- 
tled in Washington, Macomb County, in October, 1S32, on forty acres of land, on Section 

5, where he built a house which was his home for about eight years, when he piu-chased 
land adjoining, on which he erected a more substantial dwelling; he continued to add to 
his landed possessions until at the time of his death, in April, 1S()4, he owned 322 acres 
of srood laud. His wife was born January 23, 170il, in England, and died in Washing- 



IV 



ton, December. 1S35. Mr. Brabb lived with his parents until the age of fourteen, when 
he became mail messenger from Mt. Clemens to the light-house at Port Huron, via Utica, 
Washington, Romeo and St. Clair: he made one trip each week; he resumed farming, 
and, in 1X55, bought a small farm, on Section 33; in ISfiS. he bought forty acres on Sec- 
tion 27; in ISSa. he engaged in shoemaking and mercantile transactions on a limited 
scale, which he continued until ISIiS. Mr. Brabb was married. June lU. 184fi, to Phcebe 
R. Batchelder, of Romeo; she was born in Utica, this county, September 1, LS'iS, and is 
the daughter of Asa and Mary R. Batchelder, the former of New England stock, the lat- 
ter born in Canada, of French lineage. Mr. Batchelder died in 1N56; his wife is still 
living. Mr. Brabb is a member of the Patrons of Hiisbandry and is a Republican; he has 
led a life of fi'ugal and persevering industry, and is moving down the sunset side of life 
in a competency which is the result of his own efforts and good judgment; he has re- 
tired from active life and lives on a small place of sixteen acres. 

STEPHEN B. CANNON was born in Lodi, Washtenaw Co.. Mich., September 30, 
1832; his parents, the Rev. John Cannon and Sallie (Cook) Cannon, moved to Macomb 
County, where they have since resided, in 1834: on the paternal side, Mr. Cannon's an- 
cestors was English: his maternal lineage is Welsh. He was married, October 13, 1853, 
to Sarah J., daughter of Wellborne and Jane (Littlewood) Twaddill; she was born Octo- 
ber 22, 1833, in Scarboro, England: her parents were born in the same place in England, 
and her father in 1801. and died in Montreal, August 8, 1834; her mother was born May 
20, 1803, and married to Wellborne. son of John Twaddill, October 16, 1830, at Scarboro; 
her second husband was Jeremiah Lock wood, who died December 10, 1856: she died June 
10, 1857. Mr. and Mrs. Cannon have had five children, born in the following order: Ar- 
thiu- W., March 22, 1855; M. Jane. November 12, 1S57; Heber L., Axigust 1, 1862, died 
September 18. 1S63: Irving D., October 1, 1866; H. Bell, October 13, 186il. Mr. Cannon 
occupies a tine fann of 160 acres, on Section 34, township of W.ishington, and is Acting 
Supervisor at this date, January, 1882; he is a genial, companionable gentleman, prepos- 
sessing in personnel, with a warmth of temperament and generosity of impulse that present 
his character in a strikingly favorable light; he wins and holds the confidence of his 
friends, is a promoter of all worthy charities and contributed greatly to the gi'owth and 
perpetuation of the Union Chm-ch Society in his vicinity. Mr. Cannon is most liberal in 
his religious opinions, conceding to all the right of private judgment and sympathizing 
little with any form of ecclesiastical hierarchy; he has always been a Republican. Enlisted 
August 9, 1862. in the civil war, in Company B, Capt. Keeler. Twenty-second Michigan 
Infantry: he was mustered into the United Stairs service August 22; went into camp at 
Pontiae, Oakland County, leaving for the front Sc|itcinlic'r 4, 18()2, es-Gov. Moses Wisner, 
Colonel, commanding: the regiment served mainly in Kentucky, Tennessee and Georgia; 
at the terrible battle at Chickamauga, it became practically annihilated, going into the 
engagement with 60(^ rifles and mustering about fifty at its termination, with most of its 
officers in tlu< hands of the enemy, where they remained some months. Mr. Cannon held 
an honorable jiosition in his regiment, was frequently promoted and honorably discharged 
at the close of the war. Mr. Cannon is a member of the Grange and belongs to the Ma- 
sonic order. 

GILBERT F. CONKLIN, P. O. Washington, was born September IS, 1806, in 
Orange County, N. Y. ; is the son of Gilbert and Mary Conklin; his parents were natives 
of New York, of Engli.sh and French lineage; in 1S32, Mr. Conklin bought fifty acres of 
land on Section 32, in Washington, which he has increased to 150 acres by purchase; at 
the time of his settlement, the countiy was in its primeval condition, and Mr. Conklin en- 
countered all the struggles and j^rivations of the early pioneer, which awakened all his 
energy and perseverance to overcome, but he made a success of his contest with circum- 

- ^ ^~ . j en 






stances, and ranks among the best element of Macomb County. He was married, March 
n, 1S30, to Ennice Thompson, of Cayuga County, N. Y. ; they have had three children — 
John, born March 13, 1S81, died April 5, 1836; Peter T., born October N, 1,S35, and Mary 
Jane, July IN, 1S37; they have also an adoj^ted daughter. Hannah, born August 11, 1S52; 
his wife died December 5, 187S. He was a second time married, November (). 1881, to 
Mrs. Phoebe J. . widow of Noah Baker, of Mentz. Cayuga Co. , N. Y. ; she is the sister of 
his lirst wife, born August 17. 1817. Mr. and Mrs. Conklin are members of the Baptist 
Church, of Mt. Vernon; he is. politically, a Democrat and cast his first vote for Andrew 
Jackson. 

DR. DENNIS COOLEY (deceased), the son of Chloe Allen, who was the daugh- 
ter of Caleb Allen, who was the son of Samuel Allen, who was the son of Edward Allen, 
who was the son of one Allen who emigrated to America from Scotland about the year 
16()0. Edward married Mary Painter; Samuel married Hannah Hawks; Caleb married 
Judith Hawks; Chloe married Eli Gooley; Dennis married Elizabeth Anderson, of Deer- 
Held, Mass., and, in 1836, married Clara Andrus, of Macomb County. Dr. Dennis Cooley 
was born at Doerfield, Mass., February 18, 178U; received his primary and ^preparatory 
education in the schools of his native town, and completed his studies at the Medical 
College of Berkshire. Mass., from which he graduated in August, 18"22. The Massachu- 
setts Medical Society admitted him to practice in his jirofession by a complimentary note 
in the same year; he soon after went South and engaged in the practice of his profession 
in Georgia, live years; retui:ning from that State, he remained at home one year, and then 
removed to Macomb, in July, 18'27, and located in Washington Township, where he re- 
sumed bis practice, in which he continued until the year 1856, when failing health caused 
him to relinquish his business; he was a great lover of science, a skilled botanist, and had 
collected a line and large cabinet of natural and scientific objects. The older residents of 
the county remember him with feelings of respect and greatest good will. He married. 
May If), 1N30, Elizabeth Anderson, of Deerfield, Mass., by whom be had two children — 
Etta, born September 6, 1831, died June 2, 1834; Belle; born February <), 1834, died 
January 12, 1844. Mrs. Cooley died October lU, 1834. He married again. May 13. 1886, 
Clara, daughter of Elon Andrus, of Genesee County, N. Y. ; she was born at that place 
July 27, 1812; her father removed to Macomb in 1822, and lived here till his death, about 
the year 18()3. Dr. Cooley died at his home, in Washington Village. September 8, 1860; 
the widow was married to her present husband. May 1, 1862; she has no children; in 
form of worship, a Methodist. Mr. Samuel A. Babbitt was born at Danville, V^t., Octo- 
ber 4, 1811; received his early education in his native State, and, at the age of twenty- 
two, gave his attention to the study of medicine and physiology, attending the college 
courses devoted to that science, and afterward gave lectures on physiology and hygiene 
in various places in the States of Michigan, Ohio and Indiana, for ten years. In the year 
1862, he married the widow of Dr. Cooley, and since that time has resided at Wiishington 
Village. Dr. Cooley was ajipointed Postmaster of Washington Township, July, 183(), 
being the successor of Otis Lamb, the first incumbent, which he held continuously twenty- 
three years under several administrations. 

CHARLES C. CRISSMAN. P. O. Mt. Vernon, son of Benjamin Crissman and 
grandson of John Crissman, a native of New Jersey, and of Susan (Kern) Crissman, a 
native of Pennsylvania; he is one of the most }>ros[)erous agriculturists of Washington 
Township. In the Crissman family history can be found a more extended reference to 
Mr. Crissman. Mrs. C. C. (Parish) Crissman, daughter of Harvey Pai-ish. and grand- 
daughter of Jeremiah Parish, born in Connecticut February 17. 17(')5, and of Abott 
Sykes Parish, born in Bethel, Vt. . February 16. 17()9, is referred to in the personal sketch 



5) "^ 



1 



HISTORY OF MAC0M15 COUNTY. 



of Mrs. J. J. Crissman, and again in that of the Sykes family; her sons, Jehiel and Jo- 
seph, are extensive sheep farmers in Kansas. 

DAVID H. CRISSMAN, P. O. Washington, was born July 15, lS2;i in Warren 
County. N. J., is the son of Benjamin and Mary (Keru) Crissman, both natives of New 
Jersey (see sketch of M. H. Crissman); they came to Michigan in 1883, and settled in the 
Township of Washington, on l!40 acres of land, on Section 2U, where they lived until the 
father's death, May 7, 1<S()2. Mr. Crissman of this sketch commenced farming for himself 
about twenty-nine years ago, and bought 120 acres on Section 2IS, which he has increased 
to 177 acres, and brought to an advanced state of improvement, with commodious dwell- 
ing and other fai-m buildings. He was married, December 2S, 1S4S, to Olive M. Meeker, 
of Bruce, Macomb County; she was born June 21, 1S31, in Rochester, N. Y ; they have 
tive children living — Benjamin A., born December 4, 1S4'.»; M. Jav, October 25, 1857; 
John I., June 12, 185U; Charles O.. January 28, I8r)2; Mertie E.," December 28, 1867. 
Politically, Mr. C. is a Democrat. 

ETtl'O J. CRISSMAN, P. O. Romeo, was born July S, ISuC), in Washington, Macomb 
Co., Mich.; is the son of Frederick S., and Eliza (Smith) Crissman. the former a native 
of New Jersey, the latter of England (see sketch of F. S. Crissman). Mr. Crissman has 
followed the vocation of farmer all his life; his estate comprises 1(50 acres, on Sections 
15, 1(5 and 21; his new and elegant dwelling is situated on Section l(i, and was recently 
constructed, at a cost of $3,000. He was married, December 17, 1878, to Nellie D.*, 
daughter of Israel A. and Margaret (Moon) Park, of Oakland Township, Oakland County, 
born June 10, 1857, in Lapeer County, Mich.; her father is a native of Michigan; her 
mother, of England. Mi-. Crissman is a Republican in politics. 

FREDERICK SNOVER CRISSMAN, P. O. Romeo, was born at Sandiston, Sussex 
Co., N. J., March 5, 1817; his paternal grandparents. Charles and Margaret (Snover) 
Crissman, were natives of Germany and emigrated to America a few years prior to the 
Revolution, as did his maternal ancestors. Both grandsires were engaged in the struggle 
for independence, his mother's father having a fort on his place garrisoned for frontier 
duty. Jonas Crissman, father of Mr. C. of this sketch, was born in Knowlton, Sussex 
(now Warren County), N. J., in 1781, and died December 14, 1S7H, in his ninety-fifth 
year. Susan (Snover) Crissman, wife of Jonas, was born in the same nlace, in 17U1, and 
died April 211, 1858; three of their ten children survive; they, with three daughters, are 
bui-ied in the cemetery at Romeo. Mr. F. S. Crissman. with his sister, Mrs. A. J. Sikes, 
of Romeo, has erected to their memories a handsome monument of Vermont granite, at a 
cost of $l,00t). The Crissman family set out for Michigan in September, 1836. The 
father had bought thi-ee " SO's ■" in June previous, in Oreon. Oakland County. F. S. and 
his brother proceeded to Bufl'alo with a horse and wagon, where they expected to join the 
family party traveling by water, but the latter was delayed by a break in the canal, and 
the sons took passage on the "' Charles Townsend '' for Detroit, driving their team thence 
to their destination. The family arrived two weeks later. Mr. Crissman was dissatisfied 
with his father's purchase and exjire-ssed his opinion of the stony, unpromising character 
of the land without reserve, which resulting in his securing the means of making a pur- 
chase of the northeast (piarter and south half of the southeast quarter of Section 20, 
Washington. His father offered him -15300 for his bargain, and promised to buy for him 
the southwest quarter of the school section {](>} when it came into market, if he would 
remain at home until that period. This arrangement was partly consummated, and Mr. 
Crissman holds the patent from the Government for the possession of his homestead of 
1()0 acres. It was virgin soil, and he entered upon the work of clearing in January, 1840; 
in September the same year, the wheat crop was in, and the harvest the following yeai- 
yielded 8,340 bushels of grain, which he sold at$l a bushel. In the winter he "got out'' 



^V 



'f 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the lumber for his honse and bara, both of which stnictures, remodeled after modern 
method, the family now occupy. He was married. March 31. 184'2, to Eliza, daughter of 
Francis and Dinah (Day) Smith, born in England Januaiy !28, 1S'20; her paternal ances 
tors were natives of Thetford; those on her mother's side lived in INlinting. Lincolnshire, 
England; her father sailed for America with his family in February, 1S31: she was a 
child of eleven years and remembers distinctly the mai'ked incidents of the passage, which 
lasted seven weeks, during two of which a severe storm raged, the hatchways being closed 
and the ship lighted by side-lamps, which were kept burning; there were two deaths on 
board; the burial service was read by the Captain and the bodies ent<3mbed in the wilder- 
ness of waters. They landed at Staten Island; proceeded to the city of New York, up the 
Hudson, via canal to Pittsford. and thence to Mendon, Jlonroe Co., N. Y. ; in October, 
1837. they went to Rochester, and traveled by canal and lake to Detroit; thence over cor- 
duroy roads to Royal Oak, and eventuality to Washington, the journey consuming a week. 
Mr. Smith died May 31, ISdC). aged seventy-two years; his wife December 15, ISCiT. at 
the age of seventy. Following is the record of the childi-en of Mr. and Mrs. Crissman; 
Lorissa, born February lit. lS-13, died July 31. 1S75; Justina C, March 5, 1S44:, died 
August 29, LS77; Emma C, March 2S, I.SIS, died August 27, 1845; Marsha E.. April 16, 
184(i; Ferdinand S, November 22, 1847, died June 14, 1877; Francis J., May 18.-1841); 
Marium S. D., Febi-iiary 5, 1N53; Etho J., July 8, 1855; Edwin S., September 7, 1857, 
died December 31, 1874; infant son, June 23. I860, died July U; Albert J., December 2, 
1862. Mr. Crissman is rated one of the most substantial citizens of Macomb County; he 
has added to his real estate and personal possessions, has been Director in the Citizens' 
National Bank, of Romeo, since its organization and holds stock in the First National 
Bank. Mi-s. Crissman enjoys a handsome heritage from her father's estate; she is a mem- 
ber of the Methodist Church at Mt. Vernon. Mr. C. was an uncompromising Abolitionist, 
and has been known for years as a zealous advocate of temperance. The family monu- 
ment stands in the Central Cemetery, of Washington, where five children and Mr. and Mrs. 
Smith are buried; it is four feet, eight inches square at the base, and with die, cap, dra- 
pery, spire and Grecian urn with drapery stands twenty-one feet. It is of Vermont gran- 
ite and cost $1,400; the coping is about 35x17 feet, with corner and joint caps, and cost 
$700. 

JAMES J. CRISSMAN (deceased) was born July U, ISl'.t. in the township of Sand- 
iston, Sussex Co., N. J. : was the son of Jonas and Susan (Suover) Crissman; the former 
was born in 1781, in Knowlton. Sussex (now Warren) Co., N. J., and died Deecember 
14, 1876, in his ninety- fifth year: his wife was a native of the same place and was born in 
1791, and died April 29, 1858; the ancestral lines of both parents were German. Mr. 
C. came to Michigan in 1836, making the trip with his brother. F. S. Crissman, to Oak- 
land County, where his father had previously purchased land, and not long after the family 
settled in Washington. He was married, in Washington, October 30, 1845, to Mary Par- 
ish, a native of Pike, Allegany Co., N. Y. In 1846, Mr. C. came into possession of 286 
acres in Sections 3, 20 and 22. on which he lived the remainder of his life; he died August 
7, 1881. Mr. and JIi-s. C. had a family of eleven children, born as follows: Catalina E.. 
November 16. 1846, died August 21. 1847: Sarah C, December 4, 1847, died October 22, 
1864; Susan A., May 7, 1849: Elmina A.. September 23. 1850; Alma E., April 6. 1852. 
died September 8, l's67; Jonas H.. March 22, 1856; CaiTie E., July 7, 1858; Ida May, 
September 13. 1860. died May 7, 1866; Clark J., October 4. 1862: Mai-y E.. December 4, 
1865. died October 4. 18()6; Estella M.. November 22. 1868; they were all born on their 
father's f ami. and have never resided elsewhere. Mi-s. Crissman was born February 21, 
1826, and is the daughter of Harvey and Sybil (Sikes) Parish, the former born in Bethel, 
Windsor Co., Vt.. August 29. 1796. the latter in Granville. Washington Co.. N. Y.. January 



rpi- 



5. 1(S00: tliey came io Michigan in ()ctol)er. 1S43, and lived on a farm two miles south of 
Romeo, until 1S5'2. when they moved to Addison, Oakland County, where they passed the 
remainder of their lives; they had eight daughters and one son. Mr. P. died June S. 
1S81. Mrs. P. died June 20. INTO. Jeremiah Parish, father of Harvey, was born in 
Connecticut February 17. 1765. Thankful Abbott Parish, his wife, was born in Bethel, 
Vt.. February 16, 176*,); they had four daughters and five sons; the remoter ancestors 
were natives of Connecticut; they were married August 3. I S23. 

MICHAEL HETZEL CRISSMAN. P. O. Washington, was born in Blairstown, 
Warren Co.. N. J,, and is the youngest son of Benjamin and Mary (Kern) Crissman, both 
natives of Warren County, N. J.; the ancestors on each side were natives of Germany; 
Benjamin, the son of John and Johannah Schoonover Crissman. John Crissman was a 
soldier in the Revolution. Benjamin was born June IS. 17M : was a tailor by trade and 
married Mary Kern. November 12. IS 12; they became the parents of seven children, 
born as follows: Henry K., March 21. IS13; John. November 21. 1814; Susannah. Sep- 
tember 14. 1S16; Amos O.. October U. ISIS; Charles, November 10, 1820; David H. 
July 15, 1823. and Michael H.. March 21. 1827. Mr-. C. moved to the Ten-itory of Michi- 
gan in 1833. and settled thirty miles north of Detroit, whei-e he purchased of Benjamin 
Tubbs three eighty- acre tracts, with a comfortable log house on one. which was known as 
the ■■ Buckhorn Tavern." and had for a sign a huge pair of antlers fastened to a pole; it 
was at the junction of three roads — the old Territorial road from Detroit throtigh Royal 
Oak. Rochester and Romeo, to Almont, then called Tapshire; the second was known as 
the Tromley trail, from a French settler who owned land in Mt. Clemens and Bruce; the 
latter was known as Tromley Mountain; the third road ran from Hui'sey Mill to Washing- 
ton Post Office; these roads are now all vacated. M. H. Crissman of this sketch now owns 
and occupies his father's farm. He was married, March 13, 1S55, to Margaret Kern, of 
Wantage, Sussex Co., N, J,; the following is the i-ecord of their children's births: Irene 
(Mrs. Denison). January 5. 1857; Mellie (Mrs. Eaton). December 29. 1858; William L.. 
February IS. ISfil; C. Elmer. April 2fi. 1863; OraG.. October 2. 1865; Loretta. Febru- 
ary 1. 1S()S; Laura. August 23. 1870; Alice. April 2'J. 1S73; Margaret. September 28. 
1S75. and Michael Hugh. September 2S. lS7y. 

EDWARD O. CURTIS. P. O. Romeo, was born November 11. 1843. in Oakland. 
Oakland Co. . Mich.; he is the son of Zurial and Amanda Curtis, both natives of New 
York; he was trained to the vocation of a farmer, which calling he has pursued all his 
life; he resides on Section 8. of the town of AVashington. where he owns 120 acres of the 
best quality of land, purchased by him in 1870. He was married. April 2f). 1869. to Julia, 
daughter of Elijah and Lydia Thorington, of Washington (see sketch of George W. 
Thorington); .she was born July 24. 1849. in the house where she now resides; they have 
one child — Vernon, born March 26. 1881. JiL's. C. is a member of the Mt. Vernon Baj) 
tist Church. Mr. C. adheres to the principles of the Democratic party; he has acted as 
School Director for three years and four terms as Road Commissioner. 

OLIVER C. DUDLEY. P. O. Romeo, was born October 14. 1822, in Washington. 
Macomb Co.. Mich.; is the son of Orsel and Lucinda Dudley, both natives of the State of 
New York. Mr. Dudley is a farmer, which has been his vocation through life. In 1Sr)7. 
he became the owner of 160 acres of land, near Romeo Village, which constitutes the 
family homestead; it is well improved and judiciously managed, well stocked and has a 
substantial dwelling, with creditable accessory buildings. Politically. Mr. Dudley is a 
Republican. He was married. May 1. 1834, to Mary A., daughter of Isaac and Mtiria 
Anderson, natives of New York; they came to Michigan in 1832, and bought 160 acres on 
Sections 13 and 14. Mr. Anderson was born February 9. 1793. and died November 16. 
1859; his wife was born November 18. 1795. and died September 13. 1877. Mrs. Dudley 



A 



1^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



was born in Washington June 3, 1S33. Elijah Anderson and Sally (Lyon) Anderson, her 
paternal grandparents, were born in New Jersey. Mr. and Mrs. Dudley have four chil- 
dren, born as follows: Martha, November 11, 1S5B (Mrs. Thaddeus Hazleton; see sketch); 
Wesley A.. February U. IS.jD; Manlev J.. October 11. INOO; HattieM.. May 30. ISBS, 

WAKNER H. EATON, P. O. Romeo, was born in Union, Tolland Co., Conn., No- 
vember 20, 1N3(J, and is the youngest of a family of seven children, all of whom lived to 
mature years; his father, William Eaton, was born in Connecticut September 16, 1793. 
In 1822, he was married to Fannie Sessions, a native of Tolland County, Conn, born Au- 
gust 14, 1795. In February, ]S37, he set out for Michigan, in consonance with the idea 
that the new State oflfered better advantages for so large a family; he bought a farm in 
Washington and sent East for his family; the character of Mrs. Eaton can be readily con- 
jectured from the fact that she made her way from Connecticut, more than a thousand 
miles, alone, with seven children, the eldest only twelve, the youngest a babe of six 
months; she came through safely with her children in five weeks, reaching her destina- 
tion July S, The staple product of Michigan was wolves, and they were more familiar 
than agreeable to the new settlers, but Mr. Eaton managed to captiu-e five in various ways, 
securing the Government and other bounty of $13 a head, which was a feat held in high- 
esteem by his fellow-pioneers, in view of its having been accomplished by a Yankee from 
the land of wooden nutmegs. Mr. Eaton entered courageously upon the work of improv- 
ing his farm, having only his strorig arms to help, no team nor farming tools being then in 
his possession. He died in March. LS(j2, having nearly reached man's allotted years; he 
was an indulgent father, an upright, sympathetic neighbor, a conscientious adherent to 
principles in all matters of whatever importance; he was a radical Democrat and a con- 
servative in religious opinions; his wife was in every way worthy and met her responsi- 
bilities as a pioneer's wife with all the required strength and firmness of purpose; she 
died in November, 1.S75. W. H. Eaton was bred a farmer; he attended the di.strict 
school winters and helped on the farm summers, until the fall of 1N5S, when he went to 
California: he was in El Dorado County until April ISCil, when he left for Michigan, arriving 
home May 2. July -i following, he was married to Alma, daughter of Samuel and Deborah 
(Banister) Aldrich, born in Armada February 1-1, 1S43. Mr. and Mrs. Eaton reside on 
the farm where his parents lived, whither he was carried a babe of six months by his 
courageous mother from her far-away Eastern home; thev have three children, born as 
follows: Cappie, October 21, 18(U; Mary, February 19, 1860: Warner H., Jr., April 29, 
1880. Mr. Eaton is giving his childi-en educational advantages in accordance with his 
obligations as a kind and judicious father: he is a Democrat and a conservative in relig- 
ious views. 

HARVEY ELDRED, P. O. Romeo, was born July 28, 1841, in Bruce. Macomb Co.. 
Mich. ; he owns a fine farm of 240 acres in a state of advanced improvement, with sub- 
stantial frame house and outbuildings; it is situated adjoining the corporation of Romeo; 
he also owns another farm of 240 acres, one-half mile north of Romeo. He was married, 
in March, 1861, to Rachel Shaw, of Washington; she died in March, 1874, leaving one 
child — Ratie, born March 7, 1873. Mr. E. was married again, in November, 1874, to 
Virginia Sholes, of Bruce; they have one child — Gracie, born April 1, 1882. Mrs. El- 
dred is a member of the M. E. Church. Politically, Mr. E. is a Democrat. 

EMORY P. EWELL was born in Sciota, Shiawassee County, April 12, 1859: is the 
son of Samuel Day Edgar and Sarah (Lintz) Ewell; his mother is the daughter of Simon 
and Elizabeth Lintz, natives of the Empire State, where the former still lives, aged ninety- 
one. Mr. Ewell traces his paternal line of descent to 1734, when his earliest authenti- 
cated ancestor, John Ewell, was born in Scotland; the latter came to America in 1759, 
and entered upon a seafaring life, settling at Scituate. Plymouth Co., Mass.; he became 



^i 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the father of nine children. Mr. Ewell of this sketch is Lis sixth descendant. James 
Ewell. first son and child of John, enlisted with his father in the Revolutionary service. 
He was the fifth in Mi'. EwelTs ancestral line. Following is a list in regular descent: 
John. James, Peleg. Philander, Samuel. D. E. aud Emory. The family record clearly 
traced by Edwin H. Ewell. son of an elder brother of Peleg Ewell. is contained in a 
neatly printed and carefully compiled volume, from which these statements were culled. 
The family name is one of honor, and, in many instances, of distinction. Samuel D. E. 
Ewell was born September 27, 1835, in Shelby, Macomb County, and died April 12. ISTN; 
his son, E. P. Ewell, succeeded to the management of the patrimonial estate, comprising 
102 aci'es on Section 2S. Washington. He was married, October 21. 1N79. to Clara A., 
daughter of Alvin and Margaret Baldwin, (natives, respectively, of Vermont and New Jer- 
sey), of Avon, Oakland County. Mrs. Ewell was born July 29, ISfiO, in that county, and 
is a member of ^he Mt. Vernon Baj^tist Chm-ch. Mr. Ewell is a Democrat in political 
views; he has two brothers, born as follows: Samuel D. Ewell. August 19, 18(iO, and Ervin 
E. Ewell, October 2l). ISliT; the foiTuer is a resident of San Francisco. Cal.: the latter 
resides with his mother at Rochester, this county. 

DANIEL E, FROST, P. O. Romeo, was born in Brookline, Windham Co,. Vt., July 
2iS, 1818: is the son of Samuel and Lydia (Bixby) Fros,t the former born in Massachu- 
setts, the latter in Connecticut. Mr. Frost is one of a family of twelve children, ten boys 
and two girls; ten of their children are living, the eldest seventy two years of age, the 
youngest, forty-six years old; his j>arents moved to Bolivar, Allegany Co., N, Y., when 
he was six years old, and thi'ee years later went to Ceres, McCane Co.. Penn. ; in 1830, 
they went to Covington, Genesee Co,, N. Y. ; seven years after. Mi", Frost settled in Oak- 
land County, Mich., where he was married, January 22, 1844, to Margaret Jarvis; she 
died June 4, 1N48, leaving one son, James J., born November 21. 1844. ]\Ir. Frost was 
again married. Jannarj' 30. 1849, to Belinda Brownson; she died August 4, 18(51, leaving 
three children, born as follows: Willard A., January 5, 1S50; Margaret A.. March 4, 
1852, and William K., July 24, 1854. Mr. Frost was again married. March 6. 1802, to 
Mi's; Mary (Eaton) Sholes, who had one daughter — Virginia, born May 12, 1855. Mrs. 
Frost was born November 9, 1832, in Union, Tolland Co., Conn. : the family moved to St. 
Clair County in 1849, and, eighteen years after, to Romeo, where they resided seven 
years and a half; in the fall of 1874, they bought a farm of 280 acres, three miles south 
of Romeo, where thev have since resided. 

OILMAN E. GRAVES. P. O. Rochester, Oakland County, was born November 20. 
1839, in Washington, Macomb Co., Mich.; is the son of EphiHuu and Persis (Hall) Gravies; 
his father was born in Vermont and his mother in Consictiicnt; both descended from na- 
tives of those States. His parents came to Michigan i:i June, 1827, and bought eighty 
acres of land on Section 32, in Washington, where liirf father died September 5, 1 8(53. 
Mr. Graves of this sketch succeeded to the possession of the homestead, to which he has 
added eighty acres, making a fine fai-m of 160 acres; on this property there has never 
been an incumbrance from the day of the original purchase. Mr. Graves was married. 
February 20, 1800, to Jeanette Healy, of Shelby; she died September 16, i860, and Mr. 
Graves was married a second time. May 1, 1862, to Haniiah E., daughter of Lockwood 
and Emeretta Russell; her father was a native of New York, her mother of Connecticut; 
both probably descended from English ancestry. Mr. and Mrs. Graves have had fom- 
childi-en, born as follows: Howard H., March 25. 1865; Jeanettie E., Novemb'^r 10, 1867; 
Adalettie W., September 22, 1869, died October 10, 1870; Kezza L., January 17, 1877. 
Mi-s. Graves is a member of the Methodist Church, of Washington. Mr. Graves is an ac- 
tive and zealous member of the Macomb County Agricultm-al Society, and has been for 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



years considered among the best authorities on breeding ponltry. He is a Democrat in po- 
litical views. 

JOHN C. GRAVES, P. O. Romeo, was born August 22, 1S2S. in Leroy. Genesee 
Co.. N. Y. ; is the son of Ames and Betsey (Martin) Graves, natives of New York; his 
parents came to Michigan in 1S32. and settled in Washington; his father located on 240 
acres, on Section 7. on which he lived four years, when he sold 10(1 acres and went to Mc. 
Clemens, where he engaged in keeping hotel and sold liquor three months; he then estab- 
lished a temperance house and continued its management to the cLd of the year, when he 
went to Oakland, Oakland County, and engaged in farming, which he followed the re- 
mainder of his life; he died January 2. 1S37; his wife died in May. ISSO. in Richmond, 
Macomli County. Mi-. Graves of this sketch was married, November 12, 1S5(). to Ann 
Eliza, daughter of William and Fanny Park, of Washington, Macomb County; she was 
born March 6, 1S32, in Onondaga County. N. Y. ; her parents settled on Section 7, in 
Washington, in 1836, and engaged in farming; in May. 1877, they moved to the village 
of Romeo, where they now reside. Mr. and Mrs. Graves have four children, born as fol- 
lows: Frances E., August 23, 1S52; Alice M.. October 24, 1853; Park C. April 10. 1.S56; 
Carrie L., Febi-uary 15. lS(iO. Park was married, March 13, 1877, to Cora A. Thoring- 
ton, of Washington, and resides with his parents; Can-ie is the wife of J. C. Albertson, 
of Oxford, Oakland County. Mr. and Mrs. Graves are members of the M. E. Church. 
Mr. Graves is a Republican in politics; he has been all his life a farmer, and owns 205 
acres of tirst-class land, with good dwelling and convenient sulistantial outbuildings. 

LEVI P. HAINES, P. O. Romeo, son of Benjamin and Betsey Haines, was born in 
Mendon, Mom'oe Co., N. Y., November 14, 1N21; the parents reared a family of twelve 
children, six boys and six girls ; both died at seventy-two years of age, the father in 1 85S, 
the mother in 1S65; thev came to Michigan in 1S32 and bought 160 acres of land on Sec- 
tions 15 and 22, in Washington. When Mj. Haines reached his majority, he bought 160 
acres of what is known as " speculators" land.'" and began himself to clear it for a farm; 
three years after, he made an exchange with a younger brother (James H. Haines) for the 
homestead faiTU in W^ashingtou, his present home. December 29. 1853, he was married 
to Elizabeth, daughter of William and Betsey Flumerfelt: she was born in Oxford, War- 
ren Co., N. J., Januaiy 16, 1828; her parents came to Oakland. Oakland County, \Fhere 
her father now lives, aged eighty-two years. ]Mr. and Mrs. Haines have three children, 
born as follows: Mary Josephine, February 21. 1857; B. Frank. February 27. IMiO; Will- 
iam L., February 10, 1N65. 

GILBERTE, HALL, P. O. Washington. Elias Hall was born in the State of New 
Hampshire Febniary U, 17'.)'.); he moved with his parents to the State of New York, where 
he was man-ied to IMi-s. Lydia Rood in the year IM'.t; he came with his family to Michi- 
gan, in 1832, where he settled on a farm owned by John Price, two miles south and one- 
half mile west of Romeo; here he lived one year; he then moved on a farm owned by a 
Mr. Porter, where he lived three years. With the mistaken idea that the timbered land 
was going to be the easier cleared and the Ijetter wheat land, he pm-ehased a farm of 
eighty acres, five miles south and one-half mile east of Romeo. On this farm he resided 
until his death, a period of forty-six years. His trade was that of a blacksmith; in thfv 
early settlement of Macomb County, he was the only man in the ci>unty who could make 
edged tools. IVIr. Hall was a respected and loved neighbor and friend, living a quiet 
home life and one of industry; he was a Freemason, and a Repuljlican in politics: he was 
of English descent; he died in his eighty-fourth year at the home of his youngest son, 
Gilbert, he having had the farm on condition of caring for his parents; the date of this 
pioneer's decease is Februarj' 12, 1882. Lydia Whitney was torn in Vermont March 5, 
1795; she was man-ied to Horace Rood, of New York State, in 1815; she had two children 



""^^f^ 



*M^ 



824 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

— Laura, born at Pittsbnrgli, in IS If), and Hannah, born at Pittsburgh, in bSbS. Her lirst 
htishand died in ISIS. She married Eh' as Hall in ISIU, and, after a residence of thirteen 
years in New York, came to Michigan, in 1S32: she was a good and true wife, and labored 
as only such a woman can to make a home and bring up her childi-en; she was a member 
of the Christian Church; she died September 20, 1S76, having passed her eighty lirst 
birthday. To her seven children were born by her last husband — Horace, born at Rush, 
N. Y., in 1S2J, died in the Chattanooga Hospital in bS64; Cynthia, born in Rush, in 
1S2;-]. died in infancy; Hiram, liorn at Rush in 1S26, is now a resident of Lamotte, 
Sanilac Co., Mich.; Sarah, born at Rush, in 1829. died at the home of her husband, 
Harry Kimball, in Washington. Mich.; Minerva, born in Rush, in 1831, is now a resident 
of Marlette. Mich. ; Cyrus. Iwrn in Washington Township, 1833, was killed at the battle 
near Warrentown Junction, Ya. ; Gilbert, born in Washington Township. 1836, is now 
a resident of Washington. Of the tirst two daughters — Laura and Hannah — Laura died 
at the home of her husband, Anson Grinnell, in Washington Township. The present 
residence of Hannah (Pen-y) Rood is Fentonville, Mich. 

P'RANK C. HARPER. P. O. Romeo, son of Francis Harper, was born in Tyrone 
(Jouuty. Leland. near Castlederg. June 2, 1857; he attended the national schools in te- 
land for a year, when he came with his mother, six sisters and iive brothers to the United 
States. The father, Francis Harper, was born in Tyrone County, Ireland, in 181(3, and 
lived in that county until 1864, when he came to tho United States; he was a son of Hugh 
Harper, also a native of Tyrone. Francis Harper was married to Miss Esther Bovaird, of 
Castlefinn, Donegal Co., Ireland, March 31, 1841; the children of this marriage were 
Hugh, born February 22. 1S42; Sarah, February 16. 1844; William, January 9, 
184(); Mary Jane. November 5. 1848, died August, 18(35; Maggie, December 2, 1851; 
John. January 9, 1853; Lizzie and Elliott (twins), Febiiiary 22, 1855; Frank C, June 

2, 1857; Rebecca. June 27, 1859, died June 12. 1880; Esther and George (twins). May 
31, 1862, all born in Ireland, and Matilda, born at Hibernia, N. J., July 18. 1866. Mr. 
Harper. Sr. , came to Michigan with his family in April, 1868, and resided at Romeo un- 
til 1871, when he bought the Sisson farm of seventy acres, in Washington Township; 
here Mr. Harper resided until his death. November 29, 1879, when the property passed 
into the possession of Frank C. the present owner. Hugh married Mary Faulkner, and 
resides at Syracuse; Sarah inarried George Wadley, and resides in Florida; William mar- 
ried Eliza Spring, and lives in Sanilac; Maggie married James Hamilton, and resides in 
Lapeer; John married Mina Fox, and resides in Lapeer; Lizzie married Charles Oibbs, 
and resides in Gladwin County; Elliott is a blacksmith at Disco. Shelby Township; Es- 
ther is unmarried and residing at Lapeer with her sister, Mrs. Hamilton; George resides 
in Oakland County, and Matilda lives with her mother and brother on the homestead. 
Mrs. Harper, the mother of this family, was born at Castlefinn. Ii'eland. December 25, 
1821 ; is a member of the M. E. Chui-ch. Hugh and Sarah Harper were the pioneers of 
the family in the United States; they arrived in Michigan in 1863. one year before their 
father immigrated. Mr. Harper, politically, is a Democrat. 

JOHN R. HAZARD. P. O. Mt. Vernon, was born in Shelby. Macomb County, Au- 
gust 14, 1822; he is the son of James and Hannah (Beebe) Hazard, the former born in 
Russell, Mass., July 26, 1796, the latter in Bennington, Vt.. July 18, 1798; she died July 

3. 1845. Mr. H. of this sketch came to Michigan and lived for a time on the Hiu-on 
River, near Detroit; the land had not come into market, and he came to Macomb County, 
where he bought ninety acres of Government land, and, on the K^th of July. 1823, he 
received his patent. No. 108, signed by President Monroe; here he lived the remainder of 
his life; his death occurred in 1825. Mr. H. of this sketch was reared a farmer, and has 
made agi'iealture the business of his life; he owns 164 acres of improved land, which 





<. 



.1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



came into his possession in 1N57. This farm was formerly the homestead of Judge Hiirt. 
who purchased it in 1S22, and remained its owner until INST. Mr. H. was married. No 
vemher 15, 1S53. to Almira. daughter of Ephraim and Persis Graves (see sketch of G. E. 
Graves), natives, respectively, of Vermont and Connecticut. Mr. and Mrs. H. have had 
two children — John O.. born May 22, 1S59, and Alma V., June 1^4, LS()I. Mr. H. is a 
Republican, and both himself and wife are members of the Baptist Chui'ch, of Mt. Ver- 
non. In 1S79, Mr. H. built an elegant and substantial residence on his farm at a cost of 
nearlv S5.000. 

RUSSELL T. HAZELTON, Superintendent of H. R. Hazelton's lumber-mills at 
Washington, Macomb County, was born in Ray Township, this county. May 1 1. 1849, and 
is a son of Thaddeus Hazelton, who was born in Canada September 12, 1812, and came to 
Macomb County in 1838. Thaddeus Hazelton married Louisa Roberts, born in Connecticut 
in 1819; they had eight children, of whom our subject is the seventh. At the age of fif 
teen, he left his parental roof and lived with his brother, Hiram R., in whose employ he 
still remains, on a large salary. He was married, in October, 187(1, to Miss HaiTiet Du- 
sett, by whom he had two children, one living, Jessie ]j. Mrs. Hazelton died September 
17, 1877, and he again maiTied, January 1, 1879, this time to Miss Ida S. Jones. Mr. 
Hazelton is a member of the Congregational Church at New Haven; he has worked his 
way up by his own efforts: is a self-made man, a shrewd business man, and very ingen- 
ious, and successful in all his undertakings. 

THADDEUS HAZELTON, P. O. Romeo, was born in Ingham County, Mich., June 
25, 1845; came to Macomb County in 1849, and went with his father's family to Missouri 
in 1857, returning to Michigan in 1861. He enlisted, when twenty years old, at Pontiac, 
in the Third Michigan \'olunteer Infantry, Company G, and was honorably discharged 
at Knoxville, Tenn. He commenced farming as an occupation in 18()S. November 9, 
1871, he was married to Martha, daughter of Oliver Dudley, born December 11, 1S55: they 
have two sons — Orsel. born December 18, 1872: and Ransom, born September 14. 1874. 

RANSOM HAZELTON was born November 21, 1807. in Madison County, N. Y., and 
went to Canada with his ])arents when nine years old. In October, 1829, he was married 
to Polly Whiting, a native of the State of New York; they came to Michigan in Febraary, 
1837, and reached Detroit just in time to participate in a celebration in that city on the 
admission of Michigan as a State; they settled in Aiu-elius, Ingham County, where they 
encountered all the vicissitudes and privations of pioneer life, and reared eight children — 
Allen, Delia, Adaline, Mary, David, Thaddeus, Sylvester and Clan-ie. Mr. Hazelton drew 
the fii-st load of lime to Lansing for the building of the capitol. In March, 1849. he set- 
tled in Ray. Macomb County, where he remained until 1857, when he went to Missouri 
and lived until the rebellion broke out, and. being a decided Union man, he was obliged 
to secm-e safety by change of locality, and. with a great deal of trouble, moved his family 
back to Michigan, which was no sooner accomplished than he enrolled as a soldier in the 
Fifth Michigan Volunteer Infantry, Company F. enlisting March 19, 1862, at Mt. Clem- 
ens; he was afflicted with goiter, and was discharged February 11, 1863, at Camp Pitcher: 
he re-enlisted, November 1, 1863, in the First Michigan Cavalry, Company A, and was 
discharged June 19. 1805, at Cumberland, Md.. on the Surgeon's certificate of disability 
from wounds received in the battle of the Wilderness; he was in the several actions at 
Williamsbiu-g, Fair Oaks, Malvern Hill, Seven Pines, Wilderness and Fredericksburg. 
He ret u-ned to Macomb County, where ho has followed the vocation of a farmer; he is 
now seventy-four yeai's old. and lives with his son Thaddeus. 

IRA P. HOLCOMB. P. O. Romeo, was born in Hartland, Niagara County, N. Y., 
September 24, 1817; is .son of Apollos and Mehitable (Bunnell) Holcomb; the former was 
.51 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COT'NTY. 



born in 1701; was a soldier of 18] 2. and wounded at the burning of Bnifalo by the Brit- 
ish in 1814: a bullet struck his uplifted arm and sped to the shoulder; the ■" knuckle" 
of the elbow joint was cut off and came out of the wound, which was in a state of suppm-- 
ation two years, occasionally capping over; one day. he remarked to his son that he l>elieved 
the bullet had returned to the place of entry, and. taking his knife, probed the cavity and 
took out the bullet, which, with the fragment of bone, is in the possession of Mr. Hol- 
comb, of this sketch. His father died October 16, 1828, in Hartland. Micha Holcomb, 
father of Apollos Holcomb. was born in 1752; served in the Revolution, and died in 
1840. in Washington. Macomb Co., Mich.: his wife was Hannah Hays. Mr. Holcomb 
came to Michigan at nineteen, and, after some prospecting, settled in Dryden, Lapeer Co., 
Mich. He was raan-ied to Elizabeth B., fifth daughter of Eben and Elizabeth (Corey) 
Taft, of Kingsville, Ashtabula Co., Ohio: she was born in Harrison. Cortland Co., N. Y., 
Mai'ch 1. 1S21. Mr. Taft was a native of New Hampshire; was a man of singularly 
noble and upright character; he became deaf fifteen years before his death, which occurred 
at Kingsville September 21), 1849; he felt his affliction most acutely, but only expressed 
regret at being depriv(»d of the privilege of hearing the Gospel preached: he used to say, 
with tears, that he had never expected to belong to the "stay-at-home"' class. He was 
seventy-eight years old. His wife was born in Vermont, and died at Kingsville Novem- 
ber 10, 1858, aged seventy-five years. Mr. and Mrs. Holcomb have five children born in 
Dryden as follows: Frank H., June S, 1847: Horace A., November i;j, 1N52: Ira P., Jr., 
December 29, 1854; Sarah J., March 6. 1,S57; Clara E., November 17, 1860. Mr. Hol- 
comb removed his family to Romeo December 1, 1S68, and. a year later, settled two miles 
south on Washington Center; after a stay of four and a half years, he went to a farm of 
160 acres on Section 10. township of W^ashington. which is the present homestead. The 
patriot ancestor of Mr. Holcomb left in the family three varieties of ancient buttons — 
one stamped with the '" Mayflower; '" one a relic of the Revolution, with the "" eagle, "' 
and another sort whose date and meaning are unknown. 

AUGL'STUS M. HOVEY. P. O. Romeo, was born November 27. IS 10. in Warsaw. 
Genesee Co.. N. Y .: is son of Gurdon and Anna (Starkweather) Hovey; the former was 
born June 6, 1779. and died June 11,1870; the latter was born in "Williamstown, Mass., 
March 25, 1789, and died March 21, 18f)9; they came to Michigan in 1S25 and settled on 
Section 2, Washington Township, buying eighty acres of Government land, where they 
passed the remainder of their lives. Mr. Hovey has always pursued the calling of his 
father: at his death, he succeeded to the estate, and, in addition to agi'iculture, has been 
engaged some years in the manufacture of lumber in Lapeer County. He was maiTied, 
January 10, 1886, to Malvina Humphrey, of Almont. Mich. ; they had six children — Jul- 
iette, born February 17, 1837; Hiram A., December 8, 1838; Lavinia, September 13, 1840, 
deceased; Asa M., August 24, 1842; Lovina E., August 23, 1847: Martha E., August 24, 
1 N53. Mrs. Hovey died September 20, 1 N58. Mj\ Hovey was married a second time, to 
Margaret Harper, born in Ireland May 21, 1S3N: both belong to the M. E. Church. Mr. 
Hovey is a Rejjublican in politics. 

JASON E. INMAN was born September 16, 1856, in Ray, Macomb Co., Mich.; is 
son of William and Harriet Inman. both of whom were born in New York, and are still 
living in this township. (See sketch of Mr. Inman.) Mi-. Inman, of this sketch, was 
married, September U>, 1879, to Mattie E., daughter of Henry and Amanda Shaw, who 
are residing in the village of Romeo; Mr. Shaw was born at Johnstown, N. Y.; Mrs. Shaw 
is a native of Onondaga. N. Y. Mrs. Inman was born September 9, 1859, in Washington, 
and is a member of the Baptist Church at Romeo. Mr. Inman is a Republican in polit- 
ical views. 

WILLIE J. INMAN. P. O. Romeo, was born in Ray, Macomb County, February 13. 



-^fn= 



rfxT 



l\^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COl'NTY. 



1863; is son of William and Harriet (Teller) Inman; his father was born May 3, 1S31, in 
Greene County. N. Y. : his mother was third child of Jefferson J. and Margaret (Miller) 
Teller, born February 24. bS82. in Greene County. N. Y., and mari-ied January 1. 1S52. 
They were members of the M. E. Church, and had four children, viz. : Florence C. . born 
in Ray Township August 6. 1S53, is an artist: Jason E. , born in Ray September Ifi. lS[)f), 
married Mattie B. Shaw (see sketch); Willie J.; Cassius M. was born September K), ISfiS, 
in Washington, is at school. James Teller, father of Jefferson J., was born in Holland 
in 175U; was only son of Jacobus Teller, who died while he was young. James accom- 
panied an uncle to America, and was a patriot of the Revolution, serving in the commis- 
sary department, and was at the battle of Stony Point, on the Hudson River; he was en- 
gaged in the business of a furrier afterward, and was drowned in 1S07. while crossing 
Lake Erie; his wife, Sarah (Woolsey) Teller, was born near Marlboro. N. Y. ; thej' settled 
at Waterford, N. Y. ; the husband died, and the wife married Joshua Sutton, a member of 
the Society of Friends; she came to Michigan in IN3(), and died at her son Jefferson's in 
1810. William Miller, maternal grandfather of Harriet Teller, was born in Portsmouth, 
England, August 14, 17H3; he was a marine in His Majesty's (King George) service, and 
was appointed Master of Arms on board the Rhinoceron in 17S2, and on the Nestal. Briti.sh 
frigate, in the Revohitionary war; after his discharge, he was licensed to exhort in the 
Methodist Church. His wife. Margaret Brundige, was born in Nova Scotia December 20, 
1770. and died June 1, 1S51 : they came to Michigan from Hunter, Greene Co., N. Y., and 
settled in Bruce. Macomb County, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Mr. 
Miller died March 25. 1859. They had seven sons and f oiu- daughters. Jefferson J. Tel- 
ler was born October 20. 1805. in Greene County. N. Y. ; came to Michigan in 1824 and 
settled in Addison, Oakland County, and was for many years a local preacher in the Protest- 
ant Methodist Church. Margaret (Miller) Teller was born February 14, 1805. in Greene 
County, N. Y. . and married in 1820. Jefferson Teller died in Richfield, Genesee Co., 
Mich.. February 14, 1875; they had seven daughters and two sons. John Inman, father 
of William Inman, was born in Greene County, N. Y.. November 23. 1801. He was mar- 
ried to Jane Gass October 20, 1820, and settled in Ray Townshiji in October. 1831, and 
died December 22. 1843. William and Eleaner Gass came from Scotland to America in 
1774, and settled in Lexington. Greene Co.. N. Y. ; a son, John Gass, was born in 1770, 
who married Rebecca McGregor, of Scotch parentage; they had seven sons and seven 
daughters, one of whom was Jane, who married William Inman; they settled in Ray in 
1837; thirteen children gi-ew to maturity and settled adjacent to each other, and formed 
the ■•Gass settlement.'" The descendants by direct lineage and intennarriages number 
330, of whom 275 are living, and 200 of whom attended a Gass re-union of recent date, 
held at Davis, Macomb Countv. 

WILLIAM INWOOD, P. 0. Romeo, was born February 28. 1701, at Headley Park. 
Hampshire, England; is son of James and Mary Inwood, the former a native of Hamp- 
shire. England, the latter of Batts' Corners. Surrey. England. William Inwood and his 
wife, grandparents of Mi'. Inwood of this sketch, were born in the same shire in England. 
Mr. Inwood was maiTied, in March. 1N21, to Charlotte Remnent. of Surrey, England; of 
ten children born to them, seven are still living — three sons and four daughters, viz. : 
Ruth. Mi's. Andrew Wood, of Feutonville. Genesee County; James, living in Cannon. 
Kent Co.. Mich. : Mary. Mi-s. Henry Douglass, of Fentonville, Mich.; Esther, Mrs. Penn- 
ington, of Rockford, Kent Co., Mich.; William, farmer in Washington; Henry and Ara- 
minta, residing with their parents. Mr. Inwood landed at New York in the spring of 
1837, and settled in Washington, where he has spent the majority of his time, working at 
his trade of mason and bricklayer; about twenty years ago, he located on 200 acres of 
land, which constitutes his present homestead; he and his wife are members of the Bap 



■^ y 
^ 



'liL 



HISTOHY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tist Church. Mr. Inwood is the second oldest man in the town, and is ninetj-one years 
old: he served in the battle of Waterloo, and his grandfather was a soldier in the British 
army during the entire struggle between Great Britain and the Colonies. Mr. Inwood is a 
Republican in political views. 

HENRY JERSEY (deceased), was born January 2S, 17i)l; was scm of Richard 
and Isabelle (Palmer) Jersey: they vpere natives of New York; the former died 
February 10. ISSl. aged seventy-two: the latter, July 10, 1833, at seventy-two years of 
age. He was married to Sophia Price, in Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y., and in liS23 came to 
Michigan; he took up 120 acres of Government land in Washington, being the third set- 
tler in that township; everything was in a state of jarimeval wilderness, and he built a 
log house; the family lived in it about eighteen years, when Mr. Jersey built a dwelling 
of brick, made by himself from clay beds on his farm; they were worked until about 1.S75, 
and supplied brick for the construction of many buildings in the village of Romeo. Mr. 
and Mrs. Jersey had three childi'en when they came to this township, and the fom-th child, 
Mary Jane -Jersey, was the first white child born in Washington; live others were born to 
them, and all remember the wandering bauds of Indians who were as plenty as the forest 
leaves iu their young days; the trail of the dusky throng who made their trips to Detroit 
for their payments, while Cass was Governor, crossed the Jersey farm. Mrs, Jersey was 
born in Frederick City, Md., January '23, ITitU, and died Se2itember 7, 18()7; she was 
entirely blind sixteen years; her parents. Philip and Ann Maria Price, were of German 
extraction: they took up 100 acres of land in Washington, and, iu 1824, built a log house, 
now occupied i)y William W, Jersey, the oldest house in the township). Mr. Jersey and 
his wife wei-e adherents of the Uaiversalist Church; with the first money ($5) he earned 
when a boy. he bought a Bible, which is still preserved in the family; his knowledge of 
its contents was wonderful; he was never known to err in the place and diction of a quo- 
tation from it. His pioneer experiences were as striking as others that have been related; 
he once shot a wolf from his open door, and at one time, when boiling sap in the woods 
alone at night, he heard a gang of wolves overpower and kill a deer not far away; he took 
a biu-ning brand and hurried home, and the next night caught one of the marauders in a 
trap baited with the remains of the deer, which he found in the morning. Mr. Jersey 
died April IK, ISSU. The family burial-place is in the Central Cemetery of the township; 
all the gi'andparents, the parents and deceased children are bm-ied there. Following is 
the record of the children: Betsey Ann was born March 20, 1819: mai-ried Samuel Way- 
cott, a native of London, England, a cai'penter and joiner; she was a member of the Chris- 
tian Church, and died July 4, 18(51. James Harlow was born February 25. 1.821 ; he was 
a teacher, and married Julia A. Davison; settled on IfiO acres in Hadley. Lapeer County; 
in liSSS, he went to Pike's Peak; was heard from the next fall, since which time there is 
no trace of him, William W. was born April 2S, 1822; he married Emily Beebe. a na- 
tive of Rush, N. Y., and is a carpenter. Mary Jane was born February 12, 1S24; she 
lives on the old homestead, where she has spent her life thus far. Peter Hazzard was 
born September 2(5, 1825; married Margaret Smith, and is a marble engraver. George 
Alonzo was born March 13, 1S28; married Lydia Dudley and settled in Hadley. Lapeer 
County; he died January (j. 187(5; like his father, he was remarkably well versed in the 
Bible. Ransom Wellington was born August 23. 18211; mairied Sarah Kennedy, and is 
a marble-dealer in Romeo. Sarah Ann was born July 14, 1831; man-ied J. P. Sisson, a 
farmer of Aa-mada, in March, 18(51, Philip Price was born December 28, 1833; married 
Augusta Redtield; he was a musician in Gale's Band, of Pontiac, in the civil war; he is a 
music teacher and marble engraver; is a member of the Masonic order. Henry Jersey 
was a soldier of 1812; the last •• general training'' in the township of Washington was 
held on his farm. 



4 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



RICHARD JERSEY, son of Richard and Mablp (Palmer) .Jersey, was born October 
\'I. 17U7: his parents were early settlers of Wiudom County, N. Y.. where, on the Catskill 
Mountain farm, the subject of this sketch was born. Mr. .Jersey immigrated in I.S'24. and 
located a tract of land on Section 12, Washington Township. Seven years previously, in 
1<S17. he married Miss Sallie P. Reed, daughter of Nathan Reed, who was murdered at 
Black Rock. N. Y. ; they are the parents of six children. Old residents of Washington 
may remember the sale of Mi'. Jersey's lauds for taxes during his absence from the home- 
stead; fortunately, this early settler of Macomb possessed a receipt of all the taxes sup- 
posed to be due on the land, and to this circumstance he in a great measm-e owes his pres- 
tnt valuable fai'm. Politically, Mr. Jersey is a Democrat. 

NATHAN KEELER (deceased), was born October 13. ISOS, in Rush, Monroe 
County, New York: he was son of Ezra and Hannah (Inman) Keeler: he came to 
Michigan aliout the year 1N83 and bought 120 acres of Government land on Section 3;"). 
where he lived until 1850, when he jnu'chased 240 acres on Sections 21 and 2S: a few 
years later, he sold eighty acres, leaving 100 in the present homestead, where he lived 
until his death, with the exception of two years, which he spent in Romeo, where he 
owned valuable property: he died April 1, 1800. He was married, September 1, IS^."). 
to Mary J., daughter of John and Mary (Brown) Bates, of Washington, the former a na- 
tive of New York, the latter of Vermont. Mr, and Mrs. Keeler have thi-ee chiltlren liv- 
ing — Hannah, widow of Joseph Moyers, born June 3, 1836; Mary M. , July 10. 1S40; and 
Zeolide L. . December 9, 1848; the two last named reside with their mother, and, with 
her. belong to the Patrons of Husbandi-y. Mrs. Keeler and her daughter Hannah are 
members of the Chi-istian Church, to which Mr. Keeler also belonged. He was a Repub 
lican. 

FREDERICK KNIGHT, P. O. Romeo, was born in Surrey Coiinty, England, July 
31. 1S28; he came to America in 1854 and i-eached New York March 11: he came to 
Michigan the same year and settled in Washington Township, where he has since been 
occupied in fai'ming, with the exception of eight years, which he spent in Ray; four years 
of that time he worked at this U'ade, that of a mason; he liought forty acres of land on 
Section 28 in Ray, which he cleai'ed from the stump, together with eighty acres inherited 
by his wife: he finally settled on his wife's fathei-'s farm, on Section 23. in Washington: 
he still owns his original purchase in Ray. and thirty acres in this township. He was 
married. December 31, 1854. to ULartha Maria, daughter of Henry and Margaret (Clark) 
Moyers: she was boi-n February 7. 1825, in Rush, Monroe Co.. N. Y. IVIr. and Mrs. 
Knight have two children -Albert C, born September 8, 1800; and Gilbert, February 0, 
1804, both born in Ray. Mr. Knight is a Republican. Mi-, and Mrs. ]\Ioyers were na- 
tives respectively of Ha'gerstown. Md., and HarrisbiU'g. Penn. : the former was born June 
31. 17.S3. and died June 7. 1840; the latter was born May 27, 1702, an died Decembers, 
1874. They had nine children, as follows: Anna, deceased; Peter Moyers lived until 
the age of thirty ; he was a gi-adnate of Hudson College (Ohio) ; founded the Rochester 
(Oakland County) High School, and was its Principal at the time of his death; he was a 
man of line character and abilities, a zealous advocate of temperance, and strong in his 
anti-slaveiT principles; John Moyers, deceased, was a farmer in Oxford, Oakland County; 
owned 730 acres of land; was an educated man, and a teacher some years; he was Super- 
visor and School Inspector several terms in his township; Henry (see sketch); Adam (see 
sketch); Maria; Joseph, deceased: George, residing in Memphis, Tenn.. is a claim agent; 
Gilbert, of Washington. D. C. . was gi-aduated from the Law Department of Poughkeep- 
sie. and is a lawyer and claim agent: he enlisted as Captain in the Third Michigan Cav- 
alry, and reached the rank of Colonel; two other children were bom. who died in infancy. 
Mr. and Mi-s. Moyers settled on Section 23, this township, June 1, 1825; took up 480 



^1 



l^ 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



acres of Goverument land, and occupied 160 acres of the same until their deaths. Alex 
ander Clark, Mrs. Moyer's brother, accompanied them to Michigan, and lived with them 
until his death, in 18(iS. aged eighty-six years. Mr. Movers was a man well fitted by 
uatiu'al ability for a jiioneer; he understood nearly all mechanical trades, and, when his 
new brick house replaced the log cabin of his early pioneer life, he did with his own 
hands all the work but lay the brick, which he made on his own farm. Mrs. Knight's 
maternal grandsire (Clark) was murdered by the desperado, Morgan, who could not be 
identified at the time, but, when about to suffer the death penalty for horse-stealing and 
murder, confessed the killing as the only one of nine he regretted. Mr. Clark started 
from Presque Isle for the Alleghany Mountains with his wife and two children (Marga- 
rette and Alexander), leaving two older children with his father; the joiu-ney was made on 
horseback, and Morgan followed them nine days, vainly trying to secm'e possession of a 
beautiful mare; he at last decoyed Mr, Clark into a ravine and shot him, and took the 
mare, which he was riding; the almost distracted wife sent for her husband's father, who 
came with the other children and helped in the search for his son's body; it was found 
after a search of forty days, and buried, and the party went on: the wife went back after- 
ward for the bones, riding 2()() miles on horseback; at that day. a superstition existed that 
if a bone of a murderer's victim was preserved, it would aid in identification, if the mur- 
derer was in the vicinity, and the collar-bone of Mr. Clark was not bm'ied; when the par- 
ties had all passed away, the bone was and still is in tlie possession of Mi's. Knight. A 
brother of Mrs. Knight's mother (Margaret Clark) was mm'dered by his father-in-law in 
an altercation about property. The pai'ents of Mr. Knight, Reuben and Louisa Knight, . 
were born in Surrey Covmty, England, respectively in 17S2 and 3792; they were married 
in 1812, and had nine childi-en; the olde.st died at the age of three years; following is 
the list: Reuben, Anne, Esther. Louisa, Frederick, Cyrus, Ellen and Caroline. The 
parents died in England. Mr, Knight's sister Anne came to America with him, and died 
here in 1S74. 

EDWIN LAMB, P. O. Washington, was born April 10. 1S25, at Washington, where 
he received a common-school education. He was married, June 2U, 1S51, to Caroline 
Stone; they have five children — Eugene H., born March 25, 1852, married Ida M. Davis 
March 25, lS7y, resides at home, and has one child, Leona, born July 4, 1880; Metta A. 
was born May 30, 1857; married Isaac Terpenning March 2S, 1877: has one child, Leroy, 
born July 20, 1880; Ida A. was born eptembor (\. 18()0; completed a full com-se of study 
at the State Normal School in 1881, and is now teaching at Northville, Wayne Co., Mich. ; 
Elmer E.. born January 29, 1862; and Aura R., March 22, 1864, and attending the Romeo 
High School. 

OTIS LAMB was born in Greenville, Mass., October H), 1790; he received a com- 
mon-school education, and at the age of twenty yeai's removed to Durham, province of 
Quebec, Canada, where he engaged in tanning and ciu-rying. He was there married, Au- 
gust 3, 1814, to Theodotia Wales, born-in Bennington, Vt., March 26, 1792; at six years 
of age, she went with her parents to Canada; the wedding ceremony was conducted in the 
old English style; two years after their marriage, they went to Genesee County, N. Y., 
where Mi'. Lamb purchased a farm; the period was shortly after the war of 1812, when 
produce was high, and Mr. Lamb expected to pay for his farm in a short time by raising 
wheat; but prices lowered, and he was obliged to abandon his plans; he worked at tanning 
until he obtained sufficient money to bring his family to Michigan, where, in 1S23, he 
purchased 160 acres of land in Washington, Macomb County, and settled with his wife 
and four childi'en in 1824: the place was a wilderness, and they encountered all the pri- 
vations common to the pioneer of that day; on one occasion, when night fell, the last bit 
of food was gone, and had absolutely nothing for breakfast; but they had the good fortune 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 831 



to capture a raccoon, which supplied their needs until more could be obtained. Mr. Lamb 
worked at tanning and farming for a niunber of years. Before the organization, Mr. Lamb 
was appointed Justice of the Peace, and held the office a number of years; he was the 
first Postmaster of the town, and was Town Clerk for twenty years; he died February 'I. 
18S1. They had eight children, five of whom are living — Linus. Itorn May "io, 1M5, 
resides at Groveland. Oakland Co., Mich. ; Eli^a, July ".^S. 1817, lives at Lindeu, Genesee 
Co., Mich.; Hiram, August 1. INl'J, resides at Holly, Oakland County; Emily. December 
18, 1820, died in Kose, Oakland County, in 1858; Edwin (see sketch): Dennis, born Oc- 
tober 14, 1827, lives in Washington; Caroline. April 29, 1830, died November 1 1 ; Almeda. 
March 29, .1838, died October 2, 1853. Mrs. Theodotia Lamb was born Miu-ch 21), 17U2. 
at Barington, Vt. In rehearsing the pioneer experiences of a countj', it is customary to 
treat the subject in such a way, so to speak, that renders strict justice; in a half sense, the 
heavier trial rests on the half not considered in too many cases; a man's pioneer routine 
is outlined; a woman's pioneer history is one of small exigencies, minor details, and seem- 
ingly insignificant trifles; but a want of forethought, a carelessness of the wants of her 
husband might be the trifle that lost the king his crown. On Mrs. Lamb devolved the 
responsibilities usual to the common settler's wife; her husband's time and attention- were 
monopolized by the duties to which he was called by his fellows, and she bore her double 
burdens with credit to herself and honor to her husband; she lived on the farm where she 
went in her yoiing married life, for fifty-six years, and lived to see a mansion, with all 
modern comforts, where she first saw a small log house, and blooming fields in place of 
the wilderness, and a railroad where was an Indian trail. The improvements of Macomb 
Coimtv are the enduring monuments of its pioneers. 

ALONZO D. LEE, P. O. Romeo, was born December 10, 1841. in Euclid. Cuyahoga 
Co., Ohio; is a son of Rowland H. and Almira Lee; the former was born in Roxbury, 
Mass.. September 20, 1805; his parents, Elias and Lavu'a Lee. moved to Cuyahoga County, 
Ohio, in 1811, making the entire joxu'ney with an ox team, bringing with them their 
household goods and nails to use in building; they sold the nails for the first boat for 
lake service built in the city of Cleveland. Elias Lee bought 1, '.»()(» acres of land in Cuya- 
hoga County, and he and his wife lived and died there; he was a son of Capt. Benjamin 
Lee, who was a soldier of the French war. Mr. Lee, of this sketch, has in his possession 
a huge powder-horn, once the property of his warlike ancestor; it is an heirloom, and has 
been owned successively by one generation after another; it is of a light yellow color, and 
is covered with carving and inscriptions, most remarkable of which is the River Hudson, 
with the city of New York represented as a fort; the British coat of arms, with G. R. 
sui-mouuting, and the following, proving its identity and genuineness: ••Captain Benge- 
man M. Lee his born Fort Edward 31, 1758." The spelling is the same as present- 
ed. A. D. Lee was married, July 23, 1865. in East Cleveland. Cuyahoga Co.. Ohio, to 
Viola J., daughter of William and Emily Jersey, of Washington. Macomb Co.. Mich. In 
Mav, 18<)8. Mr. Lee removed his family to Washington; they have six childi'en. born as 
follows; William H., July 11, 18(ifi: Arthur D., February 2(^ 18()8; Charles E.. January 
15, 1872; Emily A., August Hi, 1873; Viola M.. September 5, 1878; Lucy Luella, July 
6, 1881. The two eldest were born in East Cleveland, Ohio; the others, in "Washington. 
Mr. Lee served three years in the rebellion, and was honorably discharged. 

C. E. LOCKWOOD, P. O. Washington. About the middle of the eighteenth century, 
three brothers named Lockwood emigrated to America from Scotland. One of them. 
Timothy, settled in Greenwich, N. Y., and reared a family of six sons and one daughter 
— Stephen, Henry, Nathaniel, Timothy, Titus, Ebeuezer and Abigail. He served during 
the Revolution, under a Captain's commission; three of his sons were soldiers under him, 
and Timothy, aged foiu-teen, was a drummer boy in the body guai'd of Gen. Washington. 



■> ^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Capt. Lockwood died iu Dutchess County, N. Y., in 17U5. Timothy, fourth son. was born 
in Dutchess County in 17(>3; he married Mi-s. Esther (Townsend) Mead, who died in May, 
1S4N: he went to" Greene County, N. Y.. and, in February, ISll, to Cayuga County, 
where he died in March. IS 12: he was the father of nine children — Jeremiah. Polly, 
Lydia, Lebbeus, Abigail, Lucinda. .Jane, Zebulon and Stephen; the first six were born in 
Dutchess County, the last three in Greene County; Abigail and Stephen are now living; 
Jeremiah, eldest son, was born January 21, 17S5, and married. January 15. IHOS, to Han- 
nah Arnold; in 1822, they came to Michigan and located on Section 33, in Washington, 
Macomb County: they reared ten children- Electa, born October 6, 1808, married Daniel 
Nichols, and died September 12, 1842; Harry, October 8, 1810, died October 12. 1812; 
Amanda, February <). 1813. married Zimri Curtis, resides in Addison, Oakland Co., Mich. ; 
Wdliam, November 2'J, 1 SI 4, married Mary Winslow, resides near Saginaw. Mich. ; Maria, 
September 11, 1820. man-ied Calvin Parker, living in Avon, Oakland Co.. Mich.; Rhoda, 
January lo, 1823. married Chester Andrews, resides in Shelby, Macomb County: Lydia, 
February 27, 1827, died April 15, 1844; Hiram, July 13, 1829, died in 18(>»); Cyrenus, 
August 27, 1832, drowned in the Straits of Mackinaw October 22. 1851; Thomas L., Jan- 
uary!, 183U, died August 20. 1842: Welburn, May 4. 1841, enlisted in the war of the 
rebellion, and died at Hospital No. 3, Jackson. Tenn. . January Ifi. 18(')3. Mi-. Lock- 
wood's wife died March 8. 1835. He was married again. October 7. 1837. to Mrs. Jane 
(Littlewood) Tweddell: she died June (>, 18(57, leaving two children: he died December 
10, 185H, and is buried in the Washington south burial ground. Timothy, fifth child 
and third son, was born in Genesee County, N. Y. November lU. 1817: married Mabel, 
daughter of Pelog Evvell, February 2, I84r) (see sketch of E. P. Ewell). Mi-. Lockwood 
settled on Section 32. Washington. Macomb Co.. Mich., where he resided until the fall of 
1878, when he purchased his present residence on Section 33. Mr. and Mrs. Lockwood 
have had five children, all of whom are living. Following is their record: Murray, 
born December 7, 184(). married Lucinda Lintz January 2R. 1867, and lives in Oakland, 
Oakland Co., Mich. : Thomas J.. June 1, 184S, married Clara Dairs October lU, 1S((), 
lives near Portland, Ionia Co., Mich.: Flora G., September O, 1851, married T. C. Miller 
March 10, 1S71. resides on Section 33, Washington; Cyi-enus E.,born December 14, 1855, 
married Ida F. Dairs October 2. 1878: resides on the old homestead, Section 32, Wash- 
ington; Clara I., born August 10, 185H. 

JOHN S. MAJOR, P. O, Mt. Vernon, was born February 29. 1841, in Warren County, 
N. J.; is son of Conrad and Elizabeth Major. He came to Oakland. Oakland Co, Mich., 
in 1855, and engaged in farning; in iSril). he bought 110 acres on Section 18, in Wash- 
ington. Macomb County: besides the management of his farm, he is engaged to consider- 
able extent in buying cattle, sheep and hogs for the Detroit and Eastern markets. He 
was married. December 31, 18()2, to Lanah V. Cole, of Oakland: she was born October 31, 
1842, and is daughter of Christian and Sarah Cole; her parents were born in Warren 
County, N. J. Mr. and Mrs. Major have four children — Frank R., born June (i, 18()4; 
Sadie E., March 27, iSf)*): Melvin D.. November 10, I8()8: John M, March 3. 1S71. Mr. 
Major is a Democrat. His farm is finely situated, in the near vicinity of the post office 
and village of Mt. Vernon, in Washington Township. 

JAMES MASSIE. P. O. Romeo, was born in December, 1821, in Aberdeenshire, 
Scotland: is son of Andrew and Elizabeth Massio, natives of the same place. Mr. Massie 
was married. December 12, 184f), to Christian Tayler, of the parish of St. Fergus, Scot- 
land; she is a daughter of Nathaniel and Mary fayler. and was born in October, 1821. 
Mr. and Mrs. Massie have eight children, born in " Auld Scotia," as follows: William, 
April 4, 1847; Mary, June 10, 1849; James, August U"), 1852; Alexander, July 29, 1855; 
Margaret, December 23, 1858; John, July 14, 18fj0; Robert, April P>. 1862: and Susan, 



^a 



HISTOBY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



April '2, 1865. They have au adopted son, James, horn in Scotland April 22, 1869. The 
family landed at Quebec in June, 1872; they lived in Canada about three years, and then 
located on a farm on Section 6, in Washington. Mr. Massie has always been a farmer, as 
was his father before him. Mrs. Massie is a daughter of a farmer, but her forefathers 
were fishermen. 

ADAM C. MOYERS, P. O. Romeo, was born January 7, 1S22, in Rush, Monroe Co., 
N. Y. ; was fourth son and fifth child of Henry and Margaret (Clark) Moyers (see sketch 
of Frederick Knight). He came to Michigan with his parents in 1825, when about four 
years of age: his father liought KiO acres of land in Washington, where he grew to man- 
hood and was reared to the calling of a farmer, which he has pursued through life. Mr. 
Moyers purchased ISO acres of valuable land on Section 21 about thirty-two years ago, 
which is his present homestead. He was married. February H. bS52, to Elsie, daughter 
of Elisha and Mary M. Smith, natives of New Jersey; she was born April 3. 1S8H, in 
Warren County, N. J.; they have six children, born as follows: Margaret E.. November 
1, 1854: Mary M., March 21, 1856; Harriet E., October 2(), 1857; Cassius E., October 2, 
18<)0: Judson C, August :!, 1S('6; Neil O., June 5. 1871. Mr. and Mrs. Moyers belong 
to the Baptist Church of Mt, Vernon. Mr. Moyers is a Republican in political views. 

HENRY MOYERS, P. O. Romeo, was born in Rush, Monroe Co.. N. Y.. February 
1. 1S21; he is the son of Henry and Margaret Clark Moyers (see sketch of Frederick 
Knight). They came to Michigan in 1825 and settled on Section 23, in Washington, 
where they purchased a farm of 160 acres, and where they passed the remainder of their 
lives. Mr. Moyers of this sketch purchased his first landed possessions in Oxford, Oak- 
land County, including 105 acres of land; he lived on it about six years, and sold out, 
buying his present homestead, on Section 21, in Washington, where he owns 140 acres of 
first-class land, situated about two miles from the post office of Mt. Vernon and five miles 
from the village of Romeo; he also owns forty acres in the township of Ray. He was 
married, March 17, 1834, to Cynthia Shoemaker, of Oxford. Mich.: they had three chil- 
dren—Eva, born August 10. 18*54: Clarissa. May 26, 1857: Margaret M., August 2, 1859, 
died February 8, 1863. Mi-s Moyers died September 15, 1863. Mr. Moyers was man-ied 
again, March 13. 1872, to Mary L., daughter of Stephen and Hannah M. Warren, born 
March 21, 1849, in Newport, Mich.; her father was born in New York, and her mother is 
a native of England. Mr. and Mrs. Moyers have two children— Ward A., born October 
10. 1877; and Beecher V., August 30. 1879. Mr. Moyers' father was a German orator; 
his mother was of Irish extraction; the former was born June 3. 1783. died June 1. IS46; 
the latter was born May 27, 1792, and died June 18. 1874: Alexander Clark, her brother, 
was born in 1775, and died December 29, 1S()8. 

J. W. NIMS. P. O. Romeo, was born September 28, 1X39. in Huntington, Vt. ; is the 
son of Dr. Eeul].>u and Sophia Whiton Nims: in 1854, his parents settled in Lexington, 
Mich., and. a year after, came to Macomb County and bought 120 acres of land on Sec- 
tion 1, where his father died February 2. 1N()9; his mother was born March 15. 1799. in 
Montague, Franklin Co., Mas.s. She was married, May 13, 1824, in Lee. Mass.. and be- 
came the mother of nine children, seven of whom survive: she is living on the homestead 
with her son. Mr. Nims, of this sketch, to whom the patrimonial estat"" descended on his 
father's death, and which now comprises 145 acres. Mi-. Nims has held the position of 
Supervisor for nine years, and other minor township offices: politically, he is a Republican. 
Hannibal H. Nims, his brother, served in the war of the rebellion three years; was Captain 
of Company K, Tenth Michigan Volunteur Infantry, and was killed in the battle at Jones- 
boro, Ga. 

SILAS NYE, P. O. Romeo, son of Jefferson Nye, who was born at Pittsford. N. Y., 
January 9, 1802, was born June 21, 1832, in Washington Township, Macomb, whither his 



>|^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



parents came in 1S24; the grandfather Nye was named Nathan, a native of Salem, Mass., 
whose parents are supposed to have come from England; Grandmother Nye was a mem- 
ber of the Stone family, of Massachusetts, and a soldier of the war of IS 12. Jefferson 
Nye married Hannah Hayden April 2H, 1N2(); this lady was a native of Rush, N. Y., born 
October 9, ISO."), daughter of Silas and Bebecca Hayden, of Connecticut, the former serv- 
ing nearly six years in the Revolution. They were the parents of seven children, viz. : 
Alice, born March H, 1S27, now living on the homestead where she was born: Amelia, 
born August U>, 1S2S, died October Ki. lS4r): Norton B., May 14, ISHO, living at Fenton- 
ville, married to Miss Sarah C. Smith, daughter of Jacob Smith, of this county, formerly 
of New York State; Silas Nye, born June 21, 1882, now residing on the homestead farm; 
Daniel H., born May fi, 1884, died September 20, \HH')\ Delora, born September 4, ISIJT. 
died October 22, 1844; Viola, born March 27, 1848. died July 80, 184r)^all born in 
Washington Township. Silas Nye was married, February (1. 18()(), to Miss Jane Eliza- 
beth Hopkins born February 19, 188."), daughter of Hiram M. Hopkins, born at Middle- 
bury. N. Y.. in 1S08, died February 2, 1842, and of Polly (Price) Hopkins, born October 

18, 1810, at Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y., both settling in Macomb about 1824; the parents of 
Mrs. Polly (Price) Hopkins were Phillip Price, born at Frederick. Md., October U>. liSO; 
and Anna Maria Sulzer, born at Frederick about the year 1781: they came to Michigan in 
1824; the former died August 2(), 18.")8, and the latter February 4. 18.J7. Mr. Nye and 
wife are the parents of Alvin Jefferson, born June 10, ISIJS; Hiram, infant son of Silas 
Nye, born December 7, died December 12, 1871. The children of Hiram and Polly (Price) 
Hopkins are Charles, born March 9, 1884; Jane E. (Mrs. Silas Nye), born February 19, 
183"); Maria, born October 28, 1887; George M., born June 18, 1889— all natives of 
Washington Township, Macomb County. Mr. Nye owns two fiu-ms in Macomb County — 
one of eighty acres and one of forty acres — together with 200 acres of wild land in Section 

19, Township 2 south. Van Biu-en County, Mich. ; he devotes his time principally to agri- 
culture and stock-raising; his nursery is one of the best-selected and kept in Michigan; 
flowers, shrubs and trees are cultivated with great care, and meet with ready sale thi-ough- 
out Macomb, Oakland and counties adjacent; he never sought for public office. The mem- 
bers of the family are represented in the Methodist Episcopal, Congregational, Baptist and 
Universalist societies of Shelby and Washington: the Hopkins family belong principally 
to the Methodist Episcopal Church, and both the Nye and Hopkins family ai-e stanch sup- 
porters of the Republican party. 

ADDISON G. PRATT, P. O. Davis, farmer. Section 8-"), Washington Township, was 
born August 14, 1848, in Clinton, Macomb Co., Mich.; is son of Luther and Sarah Pratt, 
the former a native of Vermont and the latter born in the Province of Ontario, Canada; 
they settled in the township of Clinton in an early period of the history of the county. 
Mr. Pratt, of this sketch, was married, August 4, 18()7. to Melissa, daughter of Samuel D. 
and Mercy (Briggs) Sbattuck, of Chestertield, Macomb County; she was born July II, 
l84o, in that township; her iather was born in Hampshire County, Mass., February 1-"), 
1811; her mother was born in Middlesex, Ontario Co., N. Y., July 22, 1818; the former 
died June 28, 18-11, in Chesterfield. Mr. and Mrs. Pratt have one child. Pearl L.. born 
in Lenox March 29, 187-"). Mr. Pratt is a member of Macomb Lodge of Brooklyn, No. 
64, F. & A. M. ; he adheres to the principles of the Democratic party. 

LUTHER PROCTER, P. O. Romeo, was born in Armada, Macomb Co., Mich., May 
10, 1830; is son of John and Sarah Freeman Proctor; the former was a native of Alstead. 
N. H., born July 18, 1799: the latter was born in Berkshire. VL, April 18. ISO.'); his par- 
ents came to Michigan and bought 120 acres on Section 81. in Armada, where they settled 
October 11, 1824; the father died August 8, lS()t); the mother, December 28, 18()2. Mr. 
Procter has been a fanner all his life, with the exception of seven years, when he operated 



jda 



^4^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUKTY. 



a gi'ist-mill in Ray Township. April 24. LS(i4, he bought his present homestead of eighty 
acres in Washington, to which he has added by purchase until he owns 114 acres of lirst- 
class land, lying one mile east of Romeo Village. He was married, April H), 1861), to 
Harriet L., daughter of Azariah W. and Miranda Leach Sterling, of Washington Tp. ; she 
was born April U>. 1S3(); her parents were natives of Lima, Livingston Co., N. Y. Mr. 
and Mrs. Procter have one child, Charles S., born March 21, ISOT. Mr. Procter is a Re- 
publican in political views. 

BENJAMIN PROCTER, born in Gloucester. Mass., August 21, \Hu. died at Al- 
stead, N. H., March 20, 1854; his wife, Susanna Lowe Procter, born at Ipswich, Mass.. 
January 21, 1773, died at Alstead, N. H., April ~>. 18-'')8; the mother of Benjamin Procter 
was Rachel Woodbiuy, and his wife's mother, Martha Story; the great-grandfather of Lu- 
ther Procter, of Washington Township, was John Procter, who sold his farm in the Rev- 
olutionary days, took his pay in Government money, and lost all; subsecjuently, he settled 
with his brother on Isle of Canchon, and, after the drowning of his brother Benjamin, 
inherited that property. John removed to Alstead, where the grandfather of the present 
Procters, Benjamin, lived many years, until his death, in 18r)4. Rufus Choate, a relative 
of the family, was born in the island: the present Rufus Choate makes the locality his 
home. 

DAVID B. RIBBLE, P. O. Romeo, was born April 10, 181(), in Warren County, N. 
J. ; is son of David and Sarah Ribble, both natives of New Jersey, of German pai'entage. 
Ml-. Ribble was married, January 4. 184<), to Mary, daughter of Henry and Mary Albert- 
sou, both natives of Holland; they had two childi-en — Albert, born August 30. l847; and 
Sarah, born July 20, 1S4U. Mi-s" Ribble died February 4. 1850. Mi-. Ribble was again 
married, April 27, 1854, to Margaret Ann, daughter of John and Elizal)eth Buchner. of 
Sussex County, N. J.; the record of their childi-en is as follows: Watson F., born May 
25, 1856; Edwin C, July 2, 1859; Lizzie F., August 2, 18()5; Anna Mary, May 25, 1868; 
Carrie E., June 24, 1872; Evangeline, October 12, 187('). Mr. and Mrs. Ribble are mem- 
bers of the Episcopal Church. Mi-. Ribble is a Reimblican in politics. 

S. M. RITTER, P. O. Romeo, was born in Erie County, N. Y., February 10, 1833; 
is son of John and Susan Ritter, natives oE Lancaster County, Penn. Mr. Ritter came to 
Michigan August 19, 186)4, and settled in Avon, Oakland County, where he was engaged 
three years operating a grist-mill: on leaving Avon, he went to Mt. Clemens, and was em- 
ployed there as a miller three years; he next engaged in a mill in Ray, and, three years 
after, came to Washington, where he is now foreman in the Clifton Mill, located on Section 
7, a position he has tilled eight years. He was married. June 27, 1856, to Sarah Ann, 
daughter of Reuben and Maria Lintz, of Erie County, N. Y. ; both her pai-ents were natives 
of Pennsylvania. Mrs. Ritter was born in Erie County, N. Y., July 6, 1840. Following is 
the record of their childi-en's births: Lucy A., April 29, 1857; John H., September 28, 
185,S; Reuben, July 26, IStiO; Franklin S., January 5, 18()2; Charlotte M., August 2(). 
18<)(); Rosalie E., February 14, 18()8; Ai'thiu-, December 12, 18 lO; Elmer, December 11, 
1871: James B., February 9, 1S77; Olive P., August 9, ISSl; Amelia A., born December 
24, 1864. Mr. Ritter is a member of the Masonic order, and acts with the Republican 
party. 

JAMES H. ROSE was born November 12. 1797. in Bloomtield. Ontario Co., N. Y. ; is 
the son of Nathan and Elizabeth Rose, both natives of Massachusetts; the former was 
born in 1783. and died in 1N4S; the latter died in 1800. Ml-. Rose came to Michigan in 
March. 1826, and settled in Washington, on Section 2<), where he bought eighty acres of 
land and lived one year on it; by occupation he is a carpenter and joiner, and, after his 
father's death, he retiu-ned to New York to settle the estate; he remained there fifteen 
years, and came back to Washington, where he has since lived: he has held the office of 



Constable and Collector fourteen years; he has also been Town Treasurer four years; pu- 
liticaliy, he is a Republican; he was one of the earliest settlers, and was present at the 
first town meeting, and suggested the name of Washington for the name of the town; he 
is a member of the M. E. Church, which hi> joined in 1S4"); \vas formerly connected with 
the Sons of Temperance, and belongs to the Washington Grange. He was married. De- 
cember 'iH, 1817, to Phcebe Keeler, a native of Kush, N. Y., daughter of Nathan and Han- 
nah Keeler; they have four childi-en, born as follows: Myrm H., July 11, 1818; Sabuna, 
September 27, 1820; John. September 8, 1822, died April .">, 1845; and Mary Ann. born 
March 2, 1825. Mrs. Rose died September 8, 1821), in Washington. 

JOHN V. RUSH. P. O. Mt. Vernon, was born April IS, 1821, m Oxford. Warren Co., 
N. J. ; is son of Peter and Esther Rush, both natives of New Jersey; the former was born 
in 1785, and died July 8, 1N41 ; the latter was born in 1787, and died April fi, 1848. The 
paternal grandsire was a soldier in the Revolution, and lived more than eighty years, dy- 
ing in Warren County, when Mr. Rush, of this sketch, was about eighteen years of age, 
his wife having died some fifteen years previous to that event. Mr. Rush came to Mich- 
igan in 1S44 and settled in Macomb County; he bought 110 acres, his homestead, on Sec- 
tion 18. ^Vashington, in 1850, where he is pleasantly situated; his farm is in a jirogres- 
sive state of cultivation, and has a substantial dwelling house and accessory buildings. 
Mr. Riish was married, December 7, 184S, to Samantha, daughter of Jesse and Harriet 
Fangboner, of Washington; Mrs. Rush was born December 8, 1827, in Oxford. Warren 
Co., N. J.; her father was born in the same county October 20, 1S()4; her mother, April 
211, 1804. Ml-, and Mrs. Rush have six children living — Alma, born September 28. 1849, 
wife of J. L. Petty, of Lansing; Lee, February 2, 1N57; Katie, December 15, 1858; Emma 
A., August 13, 18()l; Maggie E., November 21, 18()H; and Susie. March 25, ],S()(); all but 
one live with their parents. Mr. and Mrs. Rush ai-e members of the Baptist Church of 
Mt. Vernoji. Mr. Rush is a Republican, and has acted three vears as Road Commissioner. 

JOHN SANBORN, P. O. Almont. 

FRANKLIN E. SCOTT. P. O. Romeo, was born in Washington. Macomb County, 
August 25, 18Hy; is the son of Silas and Persis Scott, the former a native of Canada, who 
came to Macomb County in 181(); the latter of Connecticut; his father took up eighty 
acres of land in Washington in 1824, adding to his estate by purchase until his farm ag- 
gregated 120 acres; he died in 1870. Mr. Scott was married, October 31, 18(>5, to Char- 
lotte E., daughter of Edward S. and Ann Suover. natives of New Jei-sey. Mrs. Scott was 
born June 13, 1842. They have six children, born as follows: Josephine L.. July 15. 
1868; S. Franklin. June 5. 1870; E Ann, September 18. 1871; C. M. Clay, March 4, 
1874; William E.. xMay 25. 187C): Charlotte E.. April 20, 1880. Mrs. Scott is a member 
of the M. E. Church at Romeo. Mr. Scott is a Republican, and both himself and wife 
belong to the Patrons of Husbandry. The family reside on the old homestead. 

LY SANDER K. SHAW, P. O. Romeo, was born June 11. 1827, in Jefferson County, 
N. Y. ; is son of Marvil and Roxana (Kennedy) Shaw, natives of the State of New York. 
The parents came to Michigan (probably) about 1833. and took up forty acres of Govern- 
ment land in the township of Washington, Section 5; they afterward added to their estate 
by purchase until the homestead possessions included 30O acres of selected land; he also 
purchased 400 acres in Oxford, Oakland County; 520 acres neai- Romeo; and 1.200 acres in 
Wisconsin. 5()0 of which were improved. Marvil Shaw was born August 22, 1802, in Ful- 
ton County, N. Y. ; died September 17, 1S7(). in the village of Romeo: he left 3,020 acres 
of land to his heirs, and $35,94(5 in notes and mortgages. Mr. Shaw, of this sketch, has 
been a farmer all his life; he began his contest with the world on 140 acres of land be- 
longing to his father, and purchased 120 acres adjoining; on the death of his father, he 
became ovraer of the whole, and on this farm has lived twenty years; he removed to Ro- 



^' 



fe^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



meo and spent six years, and then took up his abode where he now lives, comprising 3S() 
acres, with good dwelling and suitalale and commodious accessory buildings. He was 
married, January 27. INSO, to Mai-garet, daughter of Daniel and Belinda (Bronson) Frost, 
of Washington; she was born March S, 1S52, in Berlin. St. Clair County. By a former 
marriaga, Mr. Shaw has three children. He has distributed among them about $8(),0()(), 
establishixig them in comfort. He is an adherent to the principles of Democracy. 

JOSEPH SIKES (deceased), was born March 13, IS09. in Granville, Washington 
Co.. N. Y. ; was the sou of Noah and Mehitable (Smith) Sikes; both parents died before 
Mr. Sikes attained his majority, leaving two children — Joseph and Sybil. Joseph Sikes 
came to Michigan in 1S81. and worked some years at his trade of millwright. He was 
manied. OcLober 27. 183f). to Electa Wilcox, of Rochester, Oakland County; she died 
March 24, 1S39. leaving a daughter, now Mi-s. Smith Cahoon, born December 1, 1838. 
In October. 1841, Mr. Sikes bought a farm in Washington, where he passed the remainder 
of his life. He was a second time married, to Mrs. Emily (Turrell) Throop, March 29, 
1846; her parents were Joel and Mary Grey Turrell, the former born in Connecticut, 
January 10, 1785, the latter February 27, 1791, in Pemisylvania; they were married Feb- 
ruary 3, 1810, and a few years after removed from Pennsylvania to the State of New York. 
Mr. Turrell was a mechanic. His wife was distinguished for her earnest interest in the 
cause of temperance before the |>ublic agitation of the question. Their trip to the Em- 
pire State wes by the Susquehanna River, and Mrs. Turrell was much annoyed by the 
drunkenness of the sailors. The Captain noticed her discomfitui'e, and, taking posse-ssion 
of the passing bottle, discharged its contents into the stream and presented it to her. 
Her daughter, Mi's. Sikes, still preserves the flask as a memento of her mother's devotion 
to principle. An incident preserved in the family tradition was the capture of the 
grandmother of Mrs. Sikes, in the early period of the county's history, by the Indians. 
Her captivity lasted seven years, when she was restored to the possession of her supposed 
parents, but complete identification was never established. Joel TiuTell and his wife 
moved to Washington, Macomb County, in 1835; the former died March 3, 1867: the lat- 
ter July 19, 1874. They had sixteen children, of whom Mrs. Sikes was sixth in order; 
she was born in Henrietta, Monroe Co., N. Y.. January 21, 1M8, and was married, April 
11, 1837, to Burchai'd Ezra Throop, of Washington, Macomb County; Mr. Throop died 
November 24, 1838, leaving a son, Burchard Ezra Throoj), Jr,, born April 7, 183S; 
the latter grew to manhood, and, in the fall of 1861, was married to Annie E. 
Ackerman, and soon after enlisted in the Ninth Michigan Infantry; he was dis- 
charged at the expiration of five mouths, permanently disabled; he died in Omro. Wis., 
Jul}' 13, 1864, leaving one son — Willie, born February 14, IS63. Mr. Throop, Jr.. died 
among sti'angers of an acute disease, but smTounded by all the care and kindness of inter- 
ested friends. Delays in telegrams prevented the arrival of his wife until after his burial. 
Mr. T. B. Shipman, at whose house he stopped by chance, paid the highest tribute to his 
character as evidenced in his last hours. Joseph Sikes and his wife Emily (Turrell 
Thi'oop) Sikes became the parents of four childi'en, born as follows; M;iry Ellen, October 
10, 1849; Mai'sha Emma, Sei)tember5. 1851, died January 2, 1853; Mattie Elynn, Novem- 
ber 5, 1853, married to Homer J. Oxford, of Pontiac. Oakland County. April 16. 1879; 
Charles B., December 24, 1S62. Mr. Sikes died November 5, 187N; in the character of 
Mr. Sikes was one to command the best esteem of his associates; he was upright, honor- 
able and industrious, a most successful farmer, unblemished in character and of decidedly 
religious inclinations, though not a member of any church. Mrs. Sikes belongs to the 
Baptist Church; her childi'en are connected with the Congregational Society. 

DANIEL T. SMITH. P. O. Borneo, farmer. Section 15, Washington, was born Feb 
ruary 11, 1841. in Washington; is the son of Elisha and Mary (Tinsman) Smith; he is 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



the fifth of nine children: was maiTied to Marcia H.. daughter of James M. and Calista 
E. Vaughan (see sketch): she was born May 150, I.S4(). in AVashingtou: the marriage was 
solemnized by Rev. William Campbell. December IS, ISOP). at the Washington Church, 
which was raised on the day of her birth, and is the only instance of a marriage ceremony 
within its walls; they have four children, born as follows: Mildred Belle. September IS, 
1S()7; Edna Louisa. April 28. INTO; Lulu Maud. February 13. 1872: Daniel Tinsman, 
January -JO. 1N75. Mr. Smith was reared a farmer and educated at Romeo: he owns a 
farm of 1()() acres, tinelv situated, on Sections 10 and 15; he was engaged about twelve 
years as a stock-buyer for Eastern markets; in 18(19, he bought the Washington Hotel, of 
his father-in-law. and nine months later exchanged it for the Fenton Mill projierty in 
Ray Township, where he was associated a short time in business with his brother: he has 
since been engaged in agricultiu-e and lumbering, which latter he has been, since ISSO, 
prosecuting in Washington, under the style of Preston & Smith. 

ELISHA SMITH (deceased), was 'born May 18. 1807. in Wan-en County. New 
Jersey; he was the sou of John and Elsie SmitJi. both of whom were from New 
Jersey. Mi". Smith came to Michigan in the spring of 1889. and settled in Washing- 
ton on 1()0 acres of land, on Section 17, which he had bought three years previously, and 
where he lived at the time of his death, which occurred March 14. l875: he was married, 
December 4, iS28, in Hope. Warren Co.. N. J., to Mary M.. daughter of William and 
Elizabeth Tinsman: the former was born November 10, 1788, in New Jersey, and died 
December (*). 1852: the latter was born May 15, 1787, in New Jersey, and died March 2, 
18(')8. Mr, and Mrs. Smith had nine children, born as follows: Elizabeth T., February 
10, 1880: Elsie. April 8, 1888; Sarah A.. October 9, 1885; Harriet, May 28, 1S8S; 
Daniel T,, February 11, 1841; John W.. December 19, 1848: Rachel M.. January 4, 
1847; Lorissa Jane, December 2S, 1.S4N, and Emma L. . June 9, 1852. Mr. Smith be- 
longed to the M. E. Church. Mrs. Smith is a member of the same society, and resides 
with her daughter Emma (Mrs. F. J. Crissman) on the homestead property. Francis J. 
Crissman was born May 18, 1848, in Washington Mr. and Mrs. C. have had four chil- 
dren, born as follows: Mary M., April 80, 1S75; Eliza S.. June 10, 187G; Nina E., 
March 11. 18()8, and Bruce, January 14, 1880, died September 15. 1881. Mrs. Crissman 
belongs to the M. E. Church. 

JOHN J. SNOOK. P. O. Ut. Vernon, farmer, and author of the ■■ The Centennial 
Trip in Rhyme." was born April 1(5. 1842, in Clinton. Macomb County: his great-grand- 
father, John Snook, was born in Wellington. England; his grandfather. James Snook, 
was a native of the same place, born January 5. 1794; he reached New York, June 8. 1817. 
and settled in Clinton. Macomb County. June 8, 1886. James H. Snook, father of J. J . 
of this sketch, was born in London. November 18, 1810. Mr. Snook's mother. Sarah Ann 
R. (Axtell) Snook, was born March 8. 1817. at Columbus. Ohio: her earliest traced an- 
cestor was Henry Axtell. born in 1(541, in England. Following is the direct line from 
him: Daniel.' born in 1()78. in Massachusetts; Henry, born in Massachusetts in 1715; 
Maj. Henry Axtell, of Revolutionary fame, born in Massachusetts in 1788; Silas, born in 
Mendham, N. J., in 17()9; Samuel L.. born November 11. 1790, in Mendham, N. J., 
father of Mrs. S. A. R. Snook. J. J. Snook was married. December 25. 18(>(_i. to Ella C. 
daughter of Jacob P. and Maria S. (Davis) Davis, of Clinton, Macomb County, whore she 
was born. August 10, 1844. J. P. Davis was born July 18, 1798, in Shokan, Ulster Co., 
N. Y. ; he located in Clinton in 1841, and was the son of Peter and Theodocia Davis, who 
both died in Shokan, aged ninety-seven years. Mrs. Snook's mother was born May 24, 
1812, in Orange County, N. Y. : her grandfather, Jason Davis, was born in the same 
county, September 20, 1782, and was the son of John Davis. Mr. and Mrs. Snook are 
the happy parents of five children, born as follows: Nellie M,, October 16. 1867: J. Eu- 



^] 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



gene. October 26. 1870: John H.. May 6. 1874: Burton Davis. June 18. 1878: Clai-ence 
Gr., October 15, 1881. Mr. Snook is an intelligent, scholarly, tbiukintr man, and is Acting 
Justice of the Peace. 

ANDREW K. SNOYER was born in Warren County, N. J.. September 7, bSi;5, the 
son of Moses and Margaret (Keen) Snover: they came to Michigan in 18;^:i, and settled in 
Oakland County: the greatgi'andparents came from Germany about KUO, and settled 
near Philadelphia. Mi-. Andi-ew K. Snover was married, in February, 1845, to Acelia, 
daughter of Charles and Deiadama (Scranton) Crippen, of Washington; she was born 
April "21, ININ. in Washington County, N. Y.. and came to Macomb County in 18;!4 with 
her parents. Charles Crippen died in 1S42. aged sixty-five years; he was a soldier in the 
war of 1812: his father. Joseph Crippen. was a soldier of the Revolution; he died at 
Qinety-six years of age. in Washington County. N. Y.. about 1N30. The earliest ancestors 
of whom Mrs. S. has any knowledge, came from England and settled in Massachusetts in 
its earliest days: they were Baptists in religion: in politics, Whigs. In bS4y. Mr. S. 
pm'chased a farm of eighty acres, on Section 11. near Romeo, the old homestead of his 
wife's pai'ents. where his family still reside. Mr. and Ikli's. S. have one daughter and 
three sons. 

SAMUEL STERLING- was born at Lyme. Conn., September 11. nCiO, and died Au- 
gust 27. 183H: his wife, Mahetable Whittlesey, was born at Saybrook, Conn., March 29. 
17*)9; she died February 15. 1N()4: they were married November 29, 1792; moved to Lima, 
Livingston Co., N. Y. ; the family was composed of five sons and four daughters: of the 
sons, Azariah W. Sterling, a pioneer of Macomb County, was the third; he was bo)-n in 
Lima June 29. 1797; reference is made to Mr. Sterling in the general history of the county, 
as well as in the sketches of the northern townships; (me of the daughters is the wife of 
Luther Procter, noticed in the sketch of that old resident. 

AAKON STONE (deceased), was born in Pittsford. Monroe County. New York. 
June HO. 1790; he was married. January 80. bS14. to Margaret Hayden. of Pitts- 
ford; they came to Macomb County. District of Detroit, in 1^2:1 where Mr. Stone pur- 
chased eighty acres of land, and lived on the same until his death, in 1872; they 
had ten children; the following is their record: Alma Ann, born October 15. 1815. 
and died August 14. 1.S17. Henry. March ;50, 1817; he became a cooper and followed that 
trade uotil his death of typhoid "fever. July 25, 1846. Emulous. April 18, 1821: he is a 
farmer, located a mile south of his father's fai'm; man-ied Aurelia Bates, and has had 
four children — Adelbert. was the Postmaster and merchant of Washington, a young man 
of much promise; he died of heart disease, March 24. 18S1, aged twenty-seven years; 
Eva Adel. died of heart disease. April 18, 1N76, aged nineteen: John C.,aged twenty-fom-. 
was in partnership with his brother and continues the business: Frank, the youngest son, 
was born in 18(59. Alma Ann, second, was born December 7. 1N22, and died of di-opsy. 
October 4, 11S45. William A. was born November 2fi. 1824: he was married to Caroline 
Lamb, of Washington, December 80, 1857: he has served as Justice of his township and 
in several minor offices; he has four children, born as follows: Helen, Januai-y 28, 18-)9; 
William Addison, December 15, 18()8; Ai-thui- Wales, January 20, 18(55, and Omar Thomp- 
son, March 5, I8fi7; the mother died November 11, 18t)9. Mr. S. was again married, 
July 10, 1878, to Alice M. Garvin; they have one daughter— Lottie Minette. born May 
26, 1875; Helen graduated at the State Normal School and is a teacher at Cassopolis. 
Caroline Stone was, born September 9, 1826, married Edwin Lamb and has five children, 
viz., Eugene H., married Ida M. Davis; he has one daughter — Leona: Metta A. mai-ried 
Isaac Terpenning. of Jackson, lives in Washington, and has one son — Roy; Ida graduated 
at the Normal School, and is teaching at Northville, Mich. ; Elmer E. and Aura R. attend 
school. Addison Ray Stone was born May 21. 1S28: he has been a practicing physician, 



"^^^ 



•P 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



of Almont, Mich., tweuty-eight years, and was married. May 7, IS^T, to Ellen G. Jenness 
of Detroit; they have one adopted son. Minerva Stone was born March 11, 18:29, and 
died April 1, IHi'I. Margaret A. Stone was horn March 8. 1S3"2; Aurora, born July 15, 
1833, is a milliner at Marquette, Mich. 

CLINTON SOULE (deceased), was born May L'O, 18l!l, in Wyoming County, 
N. Y. ; he was the son of John and Sally Soule, natives of Massachusetts; the former 
■was born in 1788. and died in 1871; the latter was born in 1789, and died March 
I'i. 1865; they settled in Michigan in 1825, and took up 120 acres of land in Washington, 
on Section 17, buying additional tracts until they had seven farms; he transferred land to 
his children until at the time of his death, he had deeded all his real estate to them; the 
homestead came into the hands of Clinton Soule, of this sketch; he was married, to Sabra 
A. Glaspie, daughter of David and Ruth Glaspie, of Oxford. Oakland County; she was 
born December 19, 1830, in Si)afford. Onondaga Co.. N. Y. : her father was a native of 
the Empire State; her mother was born in Vermont. Mr. and Mrs. Soule had six chil- 
di-en. born as follows: Dennis M.. May_n. 18411; Vilatia F., October 20, 1850; Ruth E.. 
December 9. 1852. died October 31. LSm: Emma A.. March S, 1S57; George D.. March 
10, 1S65. died July 16. 1S()6; Belle, November 4, 1867. Mr. S. died December 11. 
1865; his widow owns the homestead, on Section 17 and 18. comprising 225 acres, with 
good substantial building and in an advanced state of improvement. She is a member of 
the Baptist Church of Mt. Vernon. 

DENNIS M. SOULE, P. O. Mt. Vernon, was born May 6. 1 849. in Washington. Ma- 
comb County; is the son of Clinton and Sabra Soule (see sketch of Clinton Soule); he 
w^as married. November 28, 1873, to Margaret E.. daughter of Adam C. and Elsie Moyers. 
born November 1, 1854; they have one son — Burton A., born November 7. 1877. in Oak- 
land, Oakland Co,, Mich. Mr. Soule is a Republican, and has been Constable one term. 
He and his wife are members of the Baptist Church, of Mt. Vernon, Mr. Soule is a 
farmer and owns forty acres of land, on Section 20; besides his stated business of farm 
ing, he is extensively engaged in the sale of agricultural implements; makes a specialty 
of wind-mills. 

NOAH C. SUTHERLAND. P, O. Romeo, was born August 13, 1856, in W'ashington, 
Macomb County; is the son of Byron and Sarah A. Sutherland, the former a native of 
Vermont, the latter born in New York, September 30, 1825. Mr. S. was married, Novem- 
ber 15, 1881, to Stella E., daughter of Jacob B. and Louis H. Skillman, a graduate of 
the Union School at Romeo. Mi-. S. owns a farm of seventy acres, about a mile from 
Romeo; it is in an advanced state of imjarovement, with good dwelling and substantial 
buildings requisite for the convenience of the thrifty, prosperous Michigan farmers. Mr. 
S. is a Democrat in political principles. 

ADON TAFT. P. O. Romeo, was born at Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y., August 16, 
1800; he was married, November 13, 1823, to Hannah Wood, born in Connecticut July 4, 
1804; in the spring of 1830, they settled on a farm, adjoining that now occupied by Viras 
Wood, and while there purchased land on Section 26, in Washington, where ho built a 
log house, and moved into it in 1835; in 1844-45, he built a frame house across the road. 
Mrs. Taft died October 4, 1869, and, in January, 1871, he married Abigail Goss, a na- 
tive of New York; she died August 7, 1877; he was in a feeble state, but survived her 
until May 13, 1879; by his first wife, he had seven children — Sylvanus, born January 6, 
1825; Daniel, August 12. 1826; Andrew, July 7, 1828; Smith, August 27, 1831; Smith 
T., May 22. 1833; Emery, August 31, 1836; ^.da H., September 6, 1872; Smith died in 
infancy; Daniel died a few years ago; Smith T, Taft married Christina Phelps, May 
13, 1880: they have one child— L. Finney, born July 14, 1881; Mrs. Taft is a daughter 
of James and Esther (Dusing) Phelps; her father was born October 4, 1821, in Rush, 



4 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Monroe Co., N. Y. ; was the son of David and Mary Phelps. He was married December 
30. 1JS48. Mrs. Phelj^s was born October 3, 1S23, in Rush; she was the daughter of 
Joshua and Christina Dusing; they have had four children — Christina (Mrs. Taft). born 
July ."), 1853; Frederick J.. December 'I'l, 1S54; Ellen E. , December 4. IS.jO; Eugene V.. 
December 2t), 1S()5. Joshua Dusing was born July 4, 177*), at AVarwick, Lancaster Co.. 
Penn., died Febiiiary 3, 1853. He was married, March 17, 1^13, to Christina Moyers. 
and moved to Michigan in 1832, settling in Washington. Christina Moyers was bom 
April 1, 1787, at Chambersburg. Penn., and died August 14, 187(5, aged ninety years; two 
of their eight children are living. 

NEHEMIAH THOMPSON, P. O. Mt. Vernon, was born June 18, 1854, in Oakland, 
Oakland Co.. Mich.: is the son of Jeremiah and Ellen Thompson, both of whom were na- 
tives of New York. Mr. Thompson was married, April 29, 1876, to Ellen A. Lusk, of 
Chesterfield, Macomb County; she was born June 16, 1850, in Chesterfield, and is the 
daughter of Aldi'ich and Amanda Lusk. Mr. and Mrs. Thompson have two childi-en — 
George M., born July 25, 1877, and Frank Austin. June 17. 1881. Mrs. Thompson is a 
member of the Baptist Church, of Rochester; JIi-. Thompson is a Republican in politics, 
and is a farmer on Section 30, Washington Township. 

GEORGE W. THORINGTON, P. O. Romeo, was born January 15, 1846, in Wash- 
ington. Macomb County; he is the son of Elijah P. and Lydia Thoriugton. the former a 
native of Vermont, and the latter of New York. Mr. T. is a farmer and owns a farm of 
140 acres on Section 8; he is engaged in raising sheep of excellent grade, and has re- 
cently erected tiDe large commodious barns adapted to the needs of his stock; he has a 
first-class herd of cattle and two horses of the noted Magna Charta breed, celebrated for 
strength and symmetry. Mr. T. was married, March 3, 1867, to Martha Barnaby, of 
Washington; she was born September 13, 1847; they have two children — Lydia M. , born 
May 24, 1870, and Cassius W.. born August 13, 1877; both parents belong to the Baptist 
Church of Mt. Vernon. Mr. T. is a Democrat. 

JAMES M. THORINGTON. P. O. Romeo, was born January 26, 1837, in Washing- 
ton, Macomb County; he is the son of James and Sally Brown Thoriugton: his father was 
born in Ira. Rutland Co.. Vt, and settled in Oakland County about fifty yeai's ago. re- 
maining there but a short time, when he came to Washington and took up a farm, on 
which he lived for about thirty years: engaged in agi-iculture and buying land; when he 
retired from active life, he owned 700 acres of land; he was the first to import the cele- 
brated Merino sheep, of Vermont, into Michigan; he moved to the village of Romeo, 
where he died April 11, 1877. Mr. J. M. Thoriugton was married, December 22, 1857, 
to Mary C, daughter of James and Roxanna Leslie Starkweather, of Bruce; their chil- 
dren's record is as follows: Ceylon, born August 21. 1860; Martha G., June 24, 1862; 
Charles C, July 16. 18(54; James A.. February 13, 1N70. died May 30, 1874; Homer O.. 
October 22, 1871, died May 22, 1874. Mr. T. has an estate of 320 acres of first-class 
farming land on Section 8, with all modern equipments and conveniences; he makes a 
specialty of raising pure-blooded Merino sheep, of which he has an assorted flock of over 
100, and makes sales to all parts of the countiy; he has also a herd of Short-Horn Dm-- 
ham cattle and a brood of eleven Hambletouian horses. Mr. and Mrs. T. are members of 
the M. E. Church. Mr. T. is a Democrat in political sentiment. 

WILLIAM W. THORINGTON, P. O. Mt. Vernon, was born March 22, 1835, in 
Washington, Macomb Co.. Mich. ; is the son of Elijah and Lydia Thoi-ington; he was 
married. May 8, 1856, to Elizabeth Cole, born in 1837; there were three childi-eu born to 
them — James W.. October 24, 1854, died January 9, 1868; Cora A. (Mrs. P. C. Graves), 
September 9, 1860, and Willie, February 9, 18(53. Mr. Thorington was married a sec- 
52 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



ond time, April 9. l(S7iS, to Rebecca, daughter of Jacob W. and Nancy Metz, botli natives 
of Warren County. N. J. Mrs. Thorington was born October Ki. 184S, in Warren 
County. N. J. Mr. Thorington has followed the vocation of farming all his life, and owns 
1<S7 acres of first-class laud, on Section 19. which is in a high state of cultivation, with 
good dwelling and accessory buildings. He is engaged in rearing Short-Horn Durham 
cattle. Politically, he is a Democrat. 

WILLIAM W. VAUGHAN, P. O. Washington, was born in AVashington April lH, 
185'2; is the son of James M. and CalistaE. Vaughan; he received his elementary education 
in the common schools of his native town, spent two years in study at Utiea and two years 
at Hillsdale College, after which he was engaged in business in Chicago and Fort Wayne, 
Ind., and returned to Washington in June, 1875; he was married, October 1, 187.!. at La 
Porte. Ind., to Ida Bell, daughter of Edward and Henrietta (Prouty) AVhitford; her mother 
is the daughter of Dr. Hugh T. Prouty, who was drowned in 184<) while attempting to 
pass the rapids of the Sault de Ste. Marie. Mr. and Mrs. Vaughan have two children — 
Harry Andrus, born May 9, 1874. in Fort Wayne, and Daisy Belle, born December 10, 
I87(). in Washington. 

JAMES M. VAUGHAN was born July 2'). 1819, at Manchester. Bennington Co., 
Vt. ; is the son of David Vaughan and Ann Thompson ; the former was born at Manches- 
ter. Vt. . October 18. 1778. and died February 11, bS.").'), and was buried in the Washing- 
ton Society burial-ground, Macomb County, his grandfather, James Vaughan. was the son 
of one of three brothers, who came from Wales about 1720; his father located in Rhode 
Island, the others in Nova Scotia, near Halifax, in 1770. This James Vaughan rode on 
horseback from Manchester to Boston, and went thence by sloop to Halifax, where he re- 
ceived £8") sterling as his share of the estate left by one of the two brothers — a bachelor. 
The preceding ancestry is not definitely known; the name is reliably traced in AVales 
from A. D. 1(39.") to the battle of Agincomi. in 1415; In 17(55. James Vaughan removed 
from Scituate, R. I., to the Hampshire grants in Vermont, where he purchased land, and 
died July "24. 1S19; Ann Thompson Vaughan was born August IH, 17S5, at Johnson, 
Montgomery Co., N. Y. : was the daughter of Nathaniel Thompson, who removed from 
Connecticut to Johnstown. N. Y. . and thence to Manchester, Vt. ; he served in the Revo- 
lution under the immediate command of Cxen. Washington: was in the battles of Mon- 
mouth, Trenton, Brandywine and others. James Vaughan was one of the Vermont minute- 
men. James M. Vaughan came to Romeo, Macomb County, in the fall of 18H9. where he, 
with an older brother, kept a hotel on the site now occupied by the First National Bank, 
of Romeo; October IS, 184:-!, he removed to the village of Washington: he was engaged 
from 1844 to 1847, under the style of Hayden & Vaughan, in a general store, kejit in a 
one-story frame building, then standing on the corner opposite the residence of S. A. 
Babbitt, in Washington. Mi-. Vaughan was in active business from 1847 to 1869, keep- 
ing a store in a building erected by himself and now occupied by J. C. Stone, in Wash- 
ington, manufacturing potashes and having in charge a tailor, harness and shoe sho])s and 
the hotel projierty; the latter he kept as a public house until the spring of 18(59. when he 
built his present residence, about sixty rods east. He was married. May 1. 1845, to Ca- 
lista Edwards, daughter of Elon and Nancy (Lamb) Andrus, born at Middlebmy, Genesee 
Co., N. Y. , December '2;j, 1819. Elon Andrus came to Michigan in 1821 and located a 
farm on Section HH. in Washington. Macomb County, where he settled in the spring of 
1822. Mr. and IVIrs. Vaughan had five children, three sons and two daughters — Marcia 
H. born May 80, 184(3; Mark K, September 23. 1850, died December 24. 1850: William 
W., April 12, 1852; John F,, May 30, 1855, died December 27, 1859: Mary W.. June 
29. 185(1 

WALLACE WESTBROOK,P. O. Romeo, was born April 16, 1824, in Sussex County, 



Bp; 



:±=^^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



N. J. : his parents, Frederick and Elizabeth Westbrook. were natives of New Jersey, of 
Grerman extraction. Mi*. Westbrook settled in Bruce in the fall of ISriC), on Section '2'), 
where he lived for about eight years, and then piu'chased '240 acres on Section 8, in Wash- 
ington, where he now lives; he has a first-class farm, with the facilities and improvements 
of the modern farmer; he is making a specialty of blooded horses, cattle, sheep and hogs, 
in which line of business he designs to rank among the leaders in the county. Mr. W. 
was married. October 10, lSr)4, to Jane A. Howell, of Armada; she died December 19, 
IS.")."), leaving an infant son — Chilon F., born September >50. IS')."). Mr. W. was married 
again, October 30, IS.'id, to Betsey E.. daughter of Sewell and Lucinda Hovey. of Romeo. 
Mrs. Westbrook was born in Warsaw, N. Y. . May -">. IS'i."); her father was a native of 
Lebanon, N. H., her mother of Franklin County, Vt. ; her paternal grandsiro was born in 
England July '25, ITo*). and died in IS'20; his father was a minister of the Church of 
England; her grandmother was also an Englishwoman. Mi-, and Mrs. A\'. have had two 
childi'on — Cassius M., born January 7, 1859, and Frederick W. . June IS, lSli5. died March 
25, 1S()H; both parents are members of the M. E. Church. Mi's. Westbrook was educated 
in the normal school of Ypsil^ti, and was a teacher foui'teen years; she joined the chiu'ch 
when thirteen years of age, and herself and brother Albert are the only sui-viving members 
of the chm'ch of that period. Mr. Westbrook is a Republican, and has held the position 
of Road Commissioner. 

FRED C. WHITE. P. O. Romeo, was born in Foughkeepsie, Dutchess Co.. N. Y.. 
July 10, lS();-i; is the son of Otis and Hannah (Atwell) White, the former was born near 
Boston and was a blacksmith: he belonged to the Puritan New England stock, and was a 
descendant of Peregrine White, the tu-st white child born in America; he died in Osceola. 
Mich., aged seventj'-two years: his wife died in Swansea. N. H, aged thirty-eight; she 
became the mother of eleven childi-en, six of whom survived her. Mi-. White is the only 
living representative of his fathers family. Circumstances rendered labor necessai-y to all 
the family as soon as old enough, and Mr. White, at seventeen, entered upon an apprentice- 
ship with a shoemaker, and received $20 a year; he served a second year with another in- 
structor, and began business for himself at Newark, in Arcadia, Wayne Co., N. Y. ; he 
was married, April 4. 1824, to Abagail Adams, of Manchester, Ontario Co., N. Y. . where 
she was born December 29, 1804; in October, 1830, Mi-. White started for Michigan: he 
met N. T. Taj lor, of Romeo, at Buffalo, and came with him to Macomb Countj-; his busi- 
ness proved unfortunate, and. on settling with his creditors, he found himself S300 in 
debt, with no resources and shattered health. But his friends were lenient, and gave him 
time, as he says, ''to die or become able to pay them.'' He found suitable land fom- miles 
east of Romeo, in Armada, proceeded to Detroit and secured it and went home: he set out 
again for Michigan the next spring with his wife and four children. Reaching Buffalo 
by canal, they found the city full of emigrants and the lake full of ice. Three weeks 
later, they left for Detroit, which they reached in three days. A man brought them to 
their place of destination for 110 and an ax, and when he was paid Mr. White had not 
a cent left. Darius Sessions took the family into his home, and in two days Mi-. White 
had a shanty for his family fui-nished with two chairs and a little Hour, ten pounds of 
pork and a few di-ied apples; but the humble home was the house of prayer, and whatever 
else was wanting faith in God was abundant. Mi-. White's trade soon made the family 
comfortable, and they have never since suffered from privation, although a large amount 
of sickness and death has overtaken them, and twelve children have been reared to ma- 
tiu-ity. The lirst year, he managed to chop three acres of laud, and projected a "bee" 
for the logging, but an objection arose; he was a temperance man. and sacrificed no prin- 
ciple to profit, and men would not work without it. On the day appointed men and teams 
were on the ground and a good dinner avraited them, but trouble was apparent at the out- 



-*>|v 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



set. A neighbor informed Mr. White that they were bound to put down the temperance 
movement in the bud, and if he would furnish a pint of whisky, the logging would be done 
in short order. He refused, and part of the men j)ut up aboiit an acre of logs, the rest 
built a log-pen ten feet high, set a pole thirty feet high, and named the pile White's 
monument, and drank from a bottle of their own providing. Mi'. White is the only one 
living of the participants of that day, but their places are tilled by intelligent, temperate, 
Christian men. About three years after, sickness and disaster overtook Mr. White, and he 
accepted an ofter of $r)00 for his place: he paid his debts in his native State, and settled 
on wild land two miles farther east. He cleared fifty acres and just as prosperity seemed 
about to dawn, his wife died and left six children. In a few mouths, Mr. White married 
the widow of Lyman Boughtou; her maiden name was Julina, daughter of Joel and Mary 
(Gray) Turrell; she was born in Geneva, Cayuga Co., N. Y., November -\), IS]."); her par- 
ents settled in Macomb County, in 1^83, and died at the age of eighty-three respectively. 
Following is the list of Mr. White's children: Mary, Eliza, William, Charlotte, Eugene, 
Oscar and Maria Antoinette; these were the children of his first wife, and the two last 
were born in Armada; Emily Adelaide was born in Almout, Lapeer County: Matilda J., 
in Armada; Frank M., Almira, Louisa and Fred C. were born in Bruce; all have been 
married but the last. Mr. White has seventeen grandchildren and ten great-grandchil- 
dren; his eldest son, William, was killed at the raising of a barn in St. Clair: Eugene 
and Oscar were killed within ten minutes of each other in the war of the rebellion; Char- 
lotte died with the scarlet fever and Almira with consumption; five sons-in-law are de- 
ceased. Mr. White became a Christian in IS^SO, and joined the Presbyterian Chui'ch in 
Newark. He transferred his membership to the Congregational Chm'ch, in Romeo, the 
next year; his wife and four daughters belong to the same chiu'ch. 

DK. ALBERT YATES, P. O. Washington, of Washington Village, was born in Lin 
colnshire, England, September 13, 1842; emigrated to America in 1849. and settled in 
Wentworth Covmty, Ontario, where the Doctor received his early education in the schools 
of Canada, and entered the Medical College, of Detroit, having previously studied medicine 
in Canada under a preceptor; graduated from the college July 10, 1S7'2; he returned to 
Canada and entered the practice of his profession at the village of Bismarck, which he 
continued two years: he then, November, 1874, removed to Macomb County and estab- 
lished an office at Washington, where he is still in practice; his father, Richard Y'ates, 
lives in Ontario at the age of sixty -six, a carpenter by trade; his mother died in 1854. 
The Doctor was married, March 9, 18(34, to Margaret, daughter of Joel Eastman, of Can- 
ada; she was born May 31, 1844, and died May 5, 1878; their chikb'en were Henry W., 
February 24, 18()7; Minnie A., January 7, 1869; Albert E., May 10, 1874; May M., 
April 20, 1878. He was married again, July 23. 1879, to Clara B. Davis, daughter of 
Milo Davis, of Washington Township; she was born January -j, 1860. Dr. Yates is Sec- 
retary and Treasui'er of the Northeastern District Medical and Scientific Associations, 
since February. 1870, and Superintendent of Schools for the township in which he lives 
and Magistrate of the same. Both the Doctor and his wife ai'e members of the M. E. 
ChiU'ch, and he is in politics a Republican; he has a very pleasant home and a remunera- 
tive and increasing practice. 

JOSEPH YATES (deceased) was born Jvily 11, 181 1, in Charlestown, Montgomery 
Co., N. Y. ; was the son of Abraham P. and Cornelia (Van Every) Gates; the former was 
born in Charlestown, N. Y. , July 27, 1787, and died at Utica, N. Y., March 9, 1803; the 
latter was a native of Canajoharie, Montgomery Co., N. Y., born July 4, 1788; was mar- 
ried, June 8, 1800, and died March 17, 18-j4; Peter Yates, father of A. P. Yates, was born 
in 1752, in New York; married Catherine Docstator, of Holland descent, in 1776, and 
died in 1822. Joseph Yates was one of three brothers who came to America in 1(301 dui'- 



-^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 845 



ing the rebellion in the last year of the reign of Queen Elizabeth. They belonged to the 
nobility, and the family coat of arms is iu the possession of the descendants; the estates 
were confiscated. Mr. Yates was educated at the academy at Johnstown, N. Y., and at 
sixteen he engaged as a clerk with Mr. Ehle in Canajoharie, N. Y. In 1<S8'2, he was 
married to Jane, daughter of William and Lucinda (Culver) Kyte, of Utica, N. Y. ; four 
children were born to them, viz., Francis J. (still living in Washington); Abraham P., 
died in bSdS; William K., died in 18()9; Joseph C, living in Washington: he was named 
for Joseph Christojjher Yates, sixth Governor of New York. In 1S41, Mr. Yates went to 
Rochester, N. Y., and, in 1852, to Detroit, Mich.: he had formed a partnership with his 
brother, R. Y. Yates, of Utica, N. Y. , for the manufacture of clothing at Syi-acuse; they 
opened business houses at Utica and Detroit. Mr. Yates managed the latter until the 
death of two of his sons, which occurred ten months apart, when he relinquished his busi- 
ness and piu-chased lliO acres of land one mile east of the village of Romeo, known as the 
Kelsey farm, to gratifj' the inclination of his youngest son, who chose the vocation of 
farmer. Mr. Yates was in the clothing business over forty years; his last stand in Detroit 
was on the present site of the Chandler block; he belongs to the Odd Fellows and Masonic 
orders, and was made a Sir Knight in \S'^9. He died in Washington, of apoplexy, in his 
seventieth jear. Novemlier 14. I88(t. The record of Mrs. Yates is as follows: She was 
born in Ontai'io, N. Y., December 28. 1814: AVilliam Kyte was born in Bath, England, 
in 1787. came to the United States in 1794 and settled in Whitesbiu-g. N. Y. ; was mar- 
ried, in 1811. and died in Niagara, N. Y., June 1, 18(U: his father, William Griddings 
Kyte, was born iu England in 1747, came to the United States in 1794, and died in X^tica 
in 1882; Jane (Hollway), his wife, was born in Bristol, England, in 1749, and died in 
1791, in Cazenovia, N. Y. ; Lucinda (Culver), wife of Williani Kyte, was born in Ontario 
County, N, Y., in 1798, and died June 2, 187(i, buried in Richmond, Canada. Joseph C. 
Yates came to Macomb County with his parents in March, 1S74; he was bora in Detroit 
May 14, 1857, and married Charlotte E. Secord. June 18, 1879; they have one child — 
Joseph Maltby Yates, born in Macomb Coimty, April 28, 1881. Mrs Yates" parents are 
Levi P. and Jane (Laycock) Secord, the former born in Niagara, Ontario, died May 31, 
1878, in Richmond, Ontario; the latter was born in Princeton, Ontario, in 1885, and died 
in Richmond. October 25, 1871. Levi P. Secord was the son of Daniel and Electa (Page) 
Secord, the former was born in Monti'eal in 1789. and died in Niagara. Ontario, in 188(i: 
the latter was born at Cazenovia, N. Y., in 1800, and was married in 1814; Jane, wife of 
L. P. Secord, was the daiighter of Joseph H. and Eliza (Earnshaw) Laycock; the former 
was born in Colne, Yorkshire, England, iu ISOO, came to the United States in 1835. and 
died March l*^'). 1872. in Richmond. Ontario: the former was born in Manchester. England, 
in 180(\ came to the United States with her husband and died January 25. 1872, at Rich- 
mond, Ontario. 




CHAPTER XXXVII. 



STERLING TOWNSHIP. 
This division of the coimty is similar in many respects to the township of Shelby 
and Clinton. The Clinton River enters the town at the head-waters of the hydraulic 
canal in the village of Utica. flows through a tortuous channel southeast and leaves the 
township in Section 24. Plum Brook flows parallel with the Clinton. This creek forms 
a confluence with Red Run Creek, at the northeast corner of Section 25, and the united 
streams enter the Clinton just east of the town line. Bsaver Creek waters the southwest- 
ern sections and flows southeast to the waters of Red Run. The soil is very productive, 
generally level and carefully cultivated. 

THE FIRST SETTLERS. 

The tii'st settlers include the names of Henry R. Schetterly, Chauncey G. Cady, Elea- 
zer Scott, Peter Moe, Asa Huntley, John B. St. .Tohn, Jesse Soper, John Gibson, Oliver 
Crocker, Henry J. Stead, David Stickuey, Washington Adams, Charles Hutchins, Richard 
Hotham, John B. Chapman, the Skinner family, John Wright and others referred to in 
the biographical history. 

Sterling has always been up to the average standard as a productive and fertile town- 
ship. The amounts of agricultural products, as given in the respective statistical reports 
of 1850 and 1873, are as follows: In 1850— wheat, 4,410 bushels; corn, 12,695 bushels; 
all other kinds of grain, including, principally, oats, barley, rye, etc., 14,076 bushels; po- 
tatoes, 3,679 bushels; wool, 4,582 pounds. Dairy produce — butter, 17,885 pounds; 
cheese, 1,450 pounds. Value of orchard produce, $319. Live stock — horses, 108; milch 
cows, 289; sheep, 1,521; swine, 370; other neat cattle, 230; working o.\en, 70. Number 
of acres of improved occupied farms, 4,314. In 1873 — wheat, 9,241 bushels; corn, 18,- 
315 bushels; all other kinds of grain, 39,645 bushels; potatoes, 12,165; wool, 9,269 
])ounds. Dairy produce — butter, 23,745 pounds; cheese, 4,020 pounds. Value of orchard 
produce, $2,205. Live stock — horses, 553; milch cows, 733; other neat cattle (other than 
oxen and cows), 407; shee]), 2,228; swine, 504; working oxen, 18. Number of acres of 
improved laud in occupied farms, 9,500; whole amount of taxable land, 22,703 acres. 
During the year 1881, the severe ch'oughts caused very serious damage to crojis of all de- 
scriptions. It was the first time in the history of the townshij) that such an unfortunate 
event could be recorded. 

ORO.^NIZATION. 

lefferson Township was organized under authority of an act approved March 17, 
1835, and the first town meeting ordered to be held at the house of Jonathan T. Allen. 
The district known in the United States survey as Township 2 north. Range 12 east, 
formed the new division of the county. Under the act ap])roved March 6, 1838, the name 
of the township of Jeflerson was changed to that of Sterling. 

THE FIRST ELECTION. 

The ofiicers elected April 6, 1835, were: William A.Davis, Supervisor; John M. Chip- 
man, Clerk; John St. John, Elias Scott, Orton Gibbs, Assessors; Abraham Freeland, Col- 



'A 



lector: Jolin T. Allen and Russell Audrus, Directors of the Poor; Samuel Merrill, Lewis 
Drake, Joseph Stickney. Commissioners of Highways; Abraham Freeland, Constable; 
Nathan B. Miller, Elias B. Jackson and Cordello Curtiss, School Commissioners: Curtiss, 
Gibbs. Ober, Tooley, Miller, Scott, Kennedy, Merrill, Pathmasters and Fence Viewers; 
Alex Warner and William A. Davis, Poimdmasters. The officers elected since that time 
are named in the following lists; 

ROSTER OF OFFICERS. 

Supervisors — William A. Davis, 1835-36: Hilan Ober, 1830^38: County Commis- 
sioners, 1838-43; William A. Davis, 1843-44; John B. St. John, 1844-49; Hilan Ober, 
184U-51; Eli S. Scott, 1851-52; John B. St. John, 1852-56; Leonard M. Caster, 1856- 
57; John B. St. John, 1857-60; Benjamin C. Gunn, 1860-61; A. W. Aldrich, 1861-62; 
John B. St. John, 1862-70; Samuel H. St. John, 1870-71; Seymour Brownell, 1871-73; 
Humphrey Murphy. 1873-82. 

Clerks— James Wallace. 1836-37; Lvman T. Jenny, 1838-39; C. B. H. Fessenden, 
1840; Chester W. Phelps, 1841-46; Julius A. Smith, 1847; William Cowie, 1848; George 
E. Adair. 1849; Elias Scott, 1850; James Abernethy, 1851-53; L. L. Bailey, 1854; Seth 
K. Shetterly, 1855: George Brownell, 1862; Elam Moe, 1869; George Brownell, 1870-71; 
George W. Abernethy, 1872; George Brownell, 1873-76; George W. Abernethy, 1877; 
George Brownell, 1878; Seth K. Shetterly, 1879-80; Erastns W. Lawrence. 1881-82. 

Treasurers— Abram Freeland, 1836-37; Eleazer Edgerton. 1S38; James A. Hicks, 1839; 
C. McKisson, 1840; Elias Scott, 1841; Amos B. Cooley, 1842; Ralph Wright, 1843; Wal- 
ter Porter, 1844: Hilan Ober, 1845-46; George E. Adair, 1847; Hilan Ober, 1848; John B. 
St. John, 1849: Cranson Belden, 1850: C. L. Rice, 1851; A. H. Welden, 1852; Elias 
Scott. 1853; George M. Davis. 1854; W. H. Lester. 1855; Eleazer Edgerton, 1856; Gil- 
bert Rice, 1857: Phineas Andi-ixs, 1858-59: John B. Wright, I860: Charles S. Hutchins, 
1861: Aug H. Morrison. 1862-63; Francis Wright. 1864-()5; William N. Soper, 1866- 
69; George M. Davis, 1870-72; George Upton, 1873-74; Louis Burr. 1875-77; Henry 
P. Mitchell, 1878-79; David Y. Robinson, 1880-82, 

Justices of the Peace — Benjamin L. Watkins, Eleazer Edgerton. Ralph Runyan, 
Jonathan T. Allen. Chester Naramour, Joseph Northrup, 1836; Lyman T. Jenny, 1837; 
John A. Wood, 1838; Peter S. Palmer, Elea'^er Edgerton, 1839; Peter S. Palmer, John 
B. St. John, 1840; James B. Carlter, Abraham Freeland, Orson Sheldon, 1841: William 
Wright. 1842: Eliakim Ober, John B. St. John. 1843; A. W. Aldrich, 1844; Hiram Skin- 
ner. 1845; John B. St. John, James Abernethy, 1846; Eliakim Ober, 1847; Robert D. 
Smith. 1848; John B. St, John, 1849: A. W. Aldi'ich, 1850; Hiram Ober, 1851; Alex 
Marvin, 1853; Eleazer Edgerton, 1853; Seth K. Schetterly, Jedediah Millard, 1854; Cal- 
vin Moore, 1855: Eleazer Edgerton. Channcey G. Cady, 1856; John B. St. John, 1857; 
Sylvester Hovey, Seth K. Schetterlv. 1858; Eleazer Edgerton, A. H. Morrison. 1859; 
Hilan Ober. I860; Charles S. Hutchins, P. W. Sumner, 1861; Seth K. Schetterly, 1862; 
George Brownell, 1863: Eleazer Edgerton, 1864; Joseph Jennings. 1865; S. K. Shetter- 
ly, 1866; G. Brownell, J. Jenning.s, 1867; E. Edgerton, B. C. Back, 1868; Louis Burr, 
1869: Emanuel Case, John B. St. John, 1870; S. K. Schetterly, G. Brownell, 1871; Frank- 
lin P, Moutfort, 1872: Seth K. Schetterlv. 1873; Charles Gust, 1874, George Brownell, 
1875: John C. Priehs, 1876; Seth K. Schetterly, 1877: John B. St. John, 1878; George 
Brownell, 1879; John C. Priehs, Emanuel Woodie, 1880; Seth K. Schetterly, 1881. 

In 1882, this township was Democratic as usual, although the Republicans elected a 
Treasm-er; Supervisor. H. Murphy. Democrat. 177; Edward Hacker, Republican, 113; 
Democatic majority. 64. Clerk. E. W. Lawi'ence. Democrat. 171; M, Abernethy. Repub- 
lican. 110; Democratic majority. 61. Treasurer, M. Finan. Republican, 148: G. Miller. 
Democrat. 135; Rejsublican majority. 13. 



^ g ) 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUlSTY. 



The schools of Sterling ai-e six in number. Charles S. Hutchins presides over District 
No. 1. as Director. The uumberof children belonging is seventy-five, of which number fifty- 
one attended school diu-ing the year endins September, 1881. The expenses incurred 
were §397. District No. 2 claims 117 pupils, of whom forty-one attended school. The 
expenditures were $321. This district is under the direction of 0. C. Dubois. Wintield 
S. Drake, Director of School No. 3, reported ninety-six childi-eu belonging, of which 
number thirty-six attended school during the year 1881. The expenditures amounted to 
$353. George P. Berz, of Warren, Director of No. 4, reported 13(3 children belonging, 
of whom eighty-three attended school. The expenditm-es were $484. Lewis T. Cady, 
Director of School No. 8 (fractional), reported 165 pupils belonging, of whom thirty- 
nine attended school during the year 1881. The total expenditures for school purposes 
was $689.46. No. 9, fractional, with G-urdon Hoard, Director, claimed sixty-seven chil- 
dren enrolled, of whom forty- four attended during the year. The expenditures were $601. 
The school buildings comprise one brick and five frame houses. Schoolhouse No. 8 is 
valued .it $1,500, and No. 1, a brick structure, at $1,000. The total value of school prop- 
erty in the township is $3,900. The schools of Sterling are not graded. 

BIOGRAPHICAL. 

The personal sketches of old settlers and other citizens form an essential part of the 
history of this district. They contain the minutiip of its history; therefore to these 
sketches the attention of the reader is directed. 

W. J. ADAMS. 

CHARLES ACKLEY, P. O. "Utica, was born May 2, 1829, in Yorkshire, England; 
in 1834, he came to Wayne County, Mich., with his parents, William and Martha (Pres- 
ton) Ackley, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Mr. Ackley was married, 
July in, 1864, to Amelia Watson, whose parents were natives of England, and came to 
Detroit in 1X57. In ]1S7(), Mr. Ackley came to Sterling, Macomb County, where he owns 
thirty-nine acres of land; he also owns eighty acres in Hamtramck, Wayne Co., Mich. 
Mr. and Mrs. Ackley have had eight children; all but the two youngest were born in 
Hamtramck; their record is as follows: Martha E., born March 18, 1856, died October 
18, 1N56; Laura A., December 31, 1867; Cordelia. March 17, 1S68; infant, June 20, 1870. 
died same year; Ark A., June 9, 1872; Adelbert P., September 2, 18/5; Ethel M., March 
12, 1879; Bessie L., Jime 27. 18S(). Mr. Ackley is a Republican. 

C. «. CADY. 

JOHN CLARK, P. O. Utica, sou of Thomas and Matilda Clark, was born September 
IC), 1848, in Lincolnshire, England; removed with his parents, when eighteen months old 
to America, settling in Rochester, N. Y. ; in the fall of 1852, came with his parents to De 
troit. Mich. ; removed from Detriot in the spring of 1862, with his parents, to Sterling 
Township. Macomb Co., Mich, where he has lived until the present date — Februarj- 20, 
1882; was educated in the common schools, and has always followed the occupation of a 
farmer. 

LEWIS DRAKE. P. O. Utica, was born January ] 3. 1801, in Seneca County, N. Y. ; 
is son of Thomas and Phoebe (Conklin) Drake; his parents were natives of New Jersey, 
and his father was a direct descendant of Sir Francis Drake. Mr. Drake came to Mich- 
igan in the fall of 1N32, and took up a farm of Govermnent land, for which he paid 18 
shillings an acre; it was located on Section 14, in Sterling Township; there was at the 
time but one house between Frederick and Utica, and, as an incident illustrative of the 
times, Mr. Drake relates that two of his younger sons tried to coax a wolf into the house, 
under the supposition that it was a neighbor's dog. He and his wife attended the wed- 



1^ 



" 



— ^^ 

HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 849 



(Jing of John James (now a noted merchant at Detroit), at Utica, going there in a cart 
drawn by oxen, and Mr. Drake remembers it as more enjoyable than many later pleasure 
trips in his family can-i age. He was married, in January, 1825, to Mary Broad well; they 
had ten children, born as follows: Bronsou B.. November 10, 1S'2(): Julia B.. August 10, 
1S2S: Lewis B.. May 18, 1830; Milton M.. May U, 1882; Sybil M,. August 19, 1834; 
Byron, February 27,'l83S; Mary, March 19, 1S39; George, June 21, 1S41; Francis, March 
24, 1844. Mr. Drake was married a second time, December 2, 184H, to Charity Frippin; 
thev have had live children — Helen E., born September 11, 1S47, died November 2fi, 
1879: Orton D., December 5. 1S48: Milton B.. April 2."). 18r)l: Jettora B., July Ki, 1S54: 
Ernest B., August 11, 1X57. Mr. Drake owns 1S() acres of finel)"^ situated and improved 
land on Section 14. He is a Republican. 

ELEAZER EDGERTON, P. O. Utica, was born June Ki, 1801), in Oneida County, 
N. Y. ; is a son of Raswell and Sarah (Shelden) Edgerton. He came to Michigan in 1829, 
returning the next winter to New York; in the spring of 1830, he came again to this 
county and located 1(50 acres of Government laniL He was married, in 1833, to Nancy 
Hurlbut; her parents were natives of Connecticut. They had nine children — Lovina, 
born August 18, 1837, died December 21, 18(53; Amorilla, April 8, 1838, died April 8, 

1869; Jay R., April 14, 18()7, died same day; , December 13, 1S42: Francis, 

March 12, 1845. died April 21, 18(>4; Lorenzo, March 17, 1S47, died March (>, 1871; 
Orrin, March 31. 1849; James; April 14, 18")! ; Charles. September 2."), 18."):). The latter 
went on a sea voyage for his health, and was obliged to leave the steamship at the Cape 
Verde Islands: this was the last intelligence from him, and it is supposed he died there or 
on the passage home. Mr. Edgerton now owns 190 acres of Section 23. He is a Demo- 
crat, and has held the office of Justice of the Peace several years; he is considered one of 
the substantial, reliable pioneer citizens of Macomb County; besides his farming interests, 
he is engaged in bee cultui'e to a considerable extent. ]Mi'. Edgertnn's father died in New 
York, aged seventy years: his mother, at the age of seventy- five. 

EDWIN HAFF, P. O. Utica, was born in 1S14; is son of Isaac and Susanna (New- 
ton) Haff; his pai-ents settled in Troy, Oakland County, in 1831 ; he took possession of his 
l^resent location, in Section (5, in 1N4(\ He was married, in 1837. to Lorenath Newton; 
they have foiu- children — Susan, Amelia, Phcebe and Lorenzo; the latter was married, 
November 22, 1877, to Prudence, daughter of Jesse and Elvira (Howe) Soper; they have 
two children — Laura L.. born December (i, 1880; and Emily M., November 24, 1881. 
Ml'. Haff and his sons are Republicans. He owns a magnificent farm, under first-class 
improvements. 

DR. FRANCIS HILL, Veterinary Surgeon, was bom October 30, 1814, in Broxboiu-ne, 
England; is son of Francis and Margaret (Powell) Hill; he was educated in his native 
country for his profession, and was married, in the old church of Sheffield, Yorkshire, 
England, to Sarah W. Cooper; they came to America in 1840, with three children under 
four years of age; they landed at New York, where they remained until the canal opened, 
in the spring of 1841, when they proceeded to Detroit, and reached the place of an uncle, 
in Shelby, Macomb County, May 10, ISll; he- bought a farm of Cornelius Crowley, un- 
der improvement, and has since sold it, and prosecuted his business as a veterinary sur- 
geon, which he has practiced fifty years; he has twenty grandchildren; is a jolly, true- 
heai'ted type of his nationality. He is a Democrat in politics. 

E. W. LAWRENCE, P.' O. Utica, was born December 22. 180."), in Montgomery 
Coiinty. N. Y. ; is son of Benjamin and Louisa (Elliot) Lawrence; his father was born in 
1780, and died at Glen's Falls. Washington Co., N. Y., in 1N70, aged ninety years; his 
mother was bom in 17S7, and died in 1870, at the age of eighty-seveu. Mr. Lawrence is 
able to trace his line of descent from John and Marv (Townlev) Lawrence, who came to 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



America in 1713; they settled in Massachusetts, and left but one son. named Jonathan* 
the genealogy has been obtained from descendants living in Massachusetts, and is pre- 
served in a library in Detroit. Mr. Lavn-ence was married, in January, 18'28, to Julia E. 
Russell, born in IMOS; they have tive children — Cornelius, Henry M., Benjamin S., Helen 

E. and —-. Mr. Lawi'enee came to Michigan in the spring of 1838. with his wife 

and four children; he first settled in Pontiac, Oakland County, and. in the fall of 1S49, 
went to Rochester, same county, where he remained six years; was Postmaster four years. 
under Polk's administration. In 18r)0, he came to Utica, and in LS."),") started for Califor- 
nia, he spent three years in the mines with pick and shovel, after which he traveled two 
years with his son. then eighteen years old, and visited Oregon, Washington Territory. 
New Mexico and the Sandwich Islands, returning home in 18(iO. In 18B1, he volunteered 
as a private in the war of the rebellion, and was in active service four years; he was com- 
missioned First Lieutenant, and served under it three years; he received honorable dis- 
charge for disability from exposiu'e, and was mustered out of service at Detroit in 18*55. 
Ho returned home and engaged in agriculture for a time, but is now leading a quiet life, 
free hum arduous labor; he has served a term as Town Clerk; politically, is a Democrat, 
and lx>liings to the Masonic order. 

WILLIAM PETTS. P. O. Utica. was born September 19. 1829; is son of Thomas 
and Jane (Joice) Petts, natives of England; his mother died in 184'2; his father, in 1852. 
In 18,57, Mr. Petts came to Sterling and bought the S. D. Adams farm, on Section 8. He 
was married, in 1857. to Ann. daughter of William and Mary Robinson, natives of En- 
gland; they have four children — Mary J., boi-n May 15, 1858; Christiana, May 31, 18()(); 
Robert W.. November 1. 18B1; George R. , May 13, 1S()5. All the children reside at 
home. Mr. and Mi-s. Petts and their family are all members of the M. E. Church of Utica. 
Mr. Petts is a Republican in politics; a member of the Knights of Honor, and owns a fine 
farm of eighty acres. 

GILBERT RICE. P. O. Utica, was born January 24, 1819. in Greene County, N. Y. ; 
is son of Ira and Nancy (Avery) Rice; they came to Michigan in 1837, and settled in 
Sterling, Macomb County, on Section 15, where they passed the remainder of their lives; 
his father died at the age of seventy-one; his mother, at sixty-three years old. He was 
mairied. in 1844, to Harriet, daughter of Samuel and Amelia (Seaman) Chapman; they 
have had tive children, born as follows: Amelia. February 12. 184(J; Oscar W.. Septem- 
ber 29, 1847 ;_ George L., September 20. 1849; Viola C. July 23. 1853; Carrie N., Au- 
gust 17, 1857. Mr. Rice was married a second time. March 24, 1858, to Lydia A.. 
daiighter of John L. and Esther Chase; they have had four children — Lora B., April 15. 
1854; Mary F., May 14, 1862; Isa L., January 2, 1877: and an infant. Mr. Rice owns 
a snug farm of sixty acres, all first-class land, on Section 11; he is a member of the Con- 
gregational Church, and is a Republican. 

GARDNER H. RUNYON, P. O. Utica. was born May K), 1831, in New Jersey; is' 
son of Ralph and Mary (Gardner) Runyon. natives of New Jersey. His parents came to 
Michigan in 1834. and located a farm of Government land in Sterling. Mr. Runyon was 
married, in 1864, to Estella, daughter of John and Mary Steed; they have three children 
— Cora, born June 27, 18()3; Jennie, January 27, 18()<); Bruce. September 10. 1875. Mr. 
Runyon is a Democrat. He enlisted in the civil war in 1862. in the band of the Fourth 
Michigan Cavalry, and returned in 1864. after twenty months' service; his hearing was 
much impaired by the concussion of the air in action from explosion of shells. He is a car- 
penter and joiner by trade, and owns a pleasant place on South Cass street, at Utica, with 
fine dwelling. 

CYRUS SCHOONOVER, P. O. Utica, was born March 6, 1812, in Mom-oe County, 
N. Y. ; is son of Jacob and Luba Sikes Schoonover. He came to Michigan in 1847 and 



Lkl^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 851 

settled on a farm on Section ."), in Sterling Township. Macomb County. He was maiTied, 
in 1S42, to Elizabeth Wood; they have had tive children — James, born May 7, 1848; Lo- 
renzo, 184."); Phfebe, 1S41; Mary, 1847; John. IS'yj.. James enlisted, in August, l>i(V2. 
in Comj>auy E. Twenty-sixth Michigan Volunteer Infantry; he was enrolled in l/ivingston 
County for thi'ee years, and was mustered out of service June 4, 1865; Lorenzo enlisted 
in the war of the rebellion; was taken prisoner by the rebels; suffered all the hoiToi-s of 
the Acdersonville stockade prison, came home and died. Mr. Schoonover and his sons 
ai'e zealous Republicans. There are two more sons — Cyrus A., bom October (i. 1858; 
Fred, bom April 18, 1850. 

SETH K. SHETTERLY. P. O. Ttica. son of Dr. Henry R. and Susannah Keeley 
Shetterly. was born October 15, 182(1, in Union County, Penn. His parents came to Mich- 
igan in August, 1882, and he obtained his elementary education in the district schools; 
in 1840, his father moved to Ann Arbor, and he entered the law office of Miles, Ramsdell 
& Wilson; he was admitted to the bar in 1848, and, June, 1844. opened a law office at 
Utica. He was married, February 11, 1848, to Harriet H.Wright, who died April 2, 1849. 
He was mari'ied again, May 25, 1858, to Amelia Sterns, of Howell, Mich., who died Sep- 
tember 20, 1858; and he was again married. June 2, 1859, to Clara A. Wright, his pres- 
e!it wife. Mr. Shetterly has had a family of ten children, born as follows: Marion T., 
April 80, 1844, died May 22, 1882; Francis, in 1848, who died in infancy these are the 
childi'eu of his first wife; Letitia J., August 11, 1854; Francis M., September 18, 185S, 
are the children of his second wife: Clara A., March (5, 18(52, died March 17, 1802; John 
B., M_ay 80, 18(^8, died August 2, 18(58 ;_ Charles K, October 11, ISfU; Nettie H, Novem- 
ber 2(. 1878; Jessie A., Au.gust 10, 18i(); Daisy C. December ('), 1878. Mr. Shetterly is 
a Democrat in political sentiments, and has been in active service almost thirty years; he 
was elected Justice of the Peace in April. bS54, and has held the office ever since; in 18()2, 
he was elected Circuit Com-t Commissioner for Macomb County, and re-elected in 1804; 
in 18(57, he was elected to the Legislatiu'e from the Southern District, and in 1876 from 
the Western District; in 1846, he was appointed a Master in Chancery by Gov. Barry. He 
has been a member of the Masonic order for twenty-five years, and belongs to Utica Lodge. 
No. 75. Mrs. Shetterly is a member of the M. E. Church. Dr. H. R. Shetterly was born 
July 29, 1798; in 18(51, he was appointed keeper of the light-house at Northport, Mich., 
where he died in 1873, aged seventy-five; his wife died March, 18(59, aged seventy-five 
years. 

RICHARD H SLITER, P. O. Utica. was born February 9. 1848; is son of Cieorge 
and Perlina (St. John) Sliter; his j)arents were of G-erman descent, and came to Michigan 
October 20, 1S40; they bought a farm in Oakland County; his father died November 10, 
187(5, aged seventy-eight years; his mother is still living, aged seventy-seven. Mr. Sliter 
was married, in 1862, to Jennie Charter; they had two childi'en — George E., born August 
14, 1868; and Elmer, born July 28, 1865. He was a second time married. December 1. 
1872. to Sarah, daughter of William and Ann Green; her parents were born in England 
and came to America in 1851; she was born in LS50; they have one child, Perlina, born 
November 8, 1879. Mr. Sliter owns a valuable farm of 157 acres, with elegant house and 
other fine farm buildings; he is a Republican in political sentiment; is extensively en- 
gaged in the sale of agricultural implements at Troy, Oakland County. 

S. P. ST. JOHN, P. O. Utica, was born January 6, 1840; is son of James B. and Me- 
linda (Summers) St. John; his parents were natives of New York, and came to Michigan 
in the spring of 1830; their three children were born in Michigan; the father died March 
22, 1877, aged sixty-seven; he was born in 1810; the mother was born in March, 1816, 
and died in 1879, aged sixty-seven. Mi-. St. .John, of this sketch, married Emma A., 
daughter of Isaac S, and Almira Hurlbut; they have one child, Marion, horn August 9, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



1868. Mr. St. John is a member of the Masonic fraternity; he belongs to a business firm 
largely engaged in handling grain and lumber; he is well and widely known, and greatly 
esteemed for his qualities as a neighbor and citizen; he is a Democrat in political senti- 
ment. 

DAVID STICKNEY, P. O. Cady's Corners, was born in Weybridge, Vt., March 8, 
180'j; is son of Lemuel and Martha (Scoville) Stickney, and is one of eleven childi-en; 
his father was bom February Ifi. ITfil, in Massachusetts; was a soldier of the Rovolution, 
and was shot through the body; recovered, and, again enlisting, served through the war; 
he died in Franklin County, N. Y., at eighty -two; his wife died in Macomb County, Mich. , 
aged ninety-two; she was born in Connecticut June 14, 17()0. Mi-. Stickney came to 
Michigan in iXi'A. and settled on Government land when Andrew Jackson was President; 
he reached Detroit May 1, 1881, having consumed two weeks on the jom-ney from the 
State of New York to Detroit. He was married. February 2o, 1842, to Catherine Theresa 
O'Sullivan; her parents were natives of Ireland; they had but one child, Levi J., born 
October 14, 1848: he was married. December 9, 18(U), to Delia Savage; they have had three 
children — Mary M.. born June '20, 1871, died November 18, 1874; Betsey C, September 
28, 1872, died August 14. 1878; Harry L., September 9, 1875. Mrs. Stickney died July 
13, 1881, aged sixty-eight. Mr. Stickney is a Republican. He has a genealogical me- 
moir of the descendants of William and Elizabeth Stickney, earliest known ancestoi"s, cov- 
ering a period from 1()87 to ]8()9. 

WILLIAM UPTON. P. O. Utica, was born Jamiary 8, 1885, in Leicestershire, En- 
gland; his parents, John and Elizabeth (Mitchell) Upton, came to America in the fall of 
1841, with seven children; they settled first at Detroit and remained four years, when they 
removed to Sterling, Macomb County, and located on a farm on Section 14; his father died 
in 1854, aged fifty-two; his mother, in 18()7, aged sixty-three. Mr. Upton was married, 
September 8. 1861, to Sarah J., daughter of Whipple and Polly Aldi-ich, born March 5, 
1844; her fa*"her died in 1863; her mother is still living, at Fenton, Mich., aged seventy- 
four. Mr. and Mrs. Upton have had foiir children — Charles W.. born August 4, 1862; 
Frank E., March 15, 1864; Kena J., August 21, 1868, died August 21, 1879, aged eleven; 
Victor Floyd, August 5, 1877. Mr. Upton has a valuable farm of 150 acres, finely located 
on Sections 14 and 15, with one of the best dwellings in Macomb County, and supplied 
with other commodious and convenient farm buildings; he is a genial and much-esteemed 
citizen, prominent in the general interests of the town; he is a Democrat in politics, and 
belongs to tue Masonic order, LTtica Lodge, No. 75. 

E. WOOUIE. 



CHAPTER XXXVIII. 

WAHREN TOWNSHIP. 
The township of Warren was erected under the name of Hickory March 11, 1837. 
Under an act approved April 2, 1888, all that portion of Macomb known as Sections 12, 
13, 24, 25 and 36, in Township 1 north, of Range 12 east, was set off from the town of 
Orange and annexed to the town of Hickory. Under the same act, the name of the town- 
ship of Hickory was changed to that of Aba. It retained this name until March 25, 1838, 
when it received its present title — Warren. The first town meeting was held at the house 
of Louis Groesbeck, April 3, 1837, with Avery Dennison, Moderator; Samuel Gibbs, 
Clerk; Louis Beaufait, Alonzo Haight and Jenison F. Glazier, Inspectors of Election. 
Samuel Gibbs was elected Supervisor; Alonzo Haight, Clerk: Louis L. Beaufait, Col- 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



lector; Harris Corey, Loving Hawley, L. L. Beaufait, Assessors; Peter Gillett, Jolin H. 
Barton. Loring Hawley, Commissioners of Highways; Northrap Jones and Louis Groes- 
beck. Overseers of the Poor; James X. Bruce, with Beaufait and Corey, were elected Con- 
stables. Avery Dennisou. Sam Gibbs. Lyman E. Rhodes. Commissioners of Schools. 
The principal town officers elected since 1S37 are named in the following lists: 

TOWN OFFICERS. 

Supervisors — Samuel Gibbs, 1837-39; John H. Barton. 1839-40; Henry W. Larra- 
way, 1840-4'2; George Bolam. 1842-4t); Alonzo Haight. 1846-47; George Bolam, 1847- 
49; John L. Beebe. 1849-54; George W. Corey, 1854-57; George Bolam. 1857-60; 
Louis Groesbeck. 1860-63; Joseph T. De Coninck, 1863-65; Louis Groesbeck. 1865-67; 
Charles S. Groesbeck, 1867-71; Louis Groesbeck. 1871-79; Paul Lefevre, 1879-82. 

Clerks— Alonzo Haight. 1837; Daniel A. Denison, 1838-40; George W. Corey, 1840 
-42; Loring Hawley, 1842-48; George W. Corey, 1849-51; William C. Groesbeck, 1852- 
53; Louis Groesbeck, 1854-56; Charles S. Groesbeck, 1857-61; Francis E. Groesbeck, 
1861-64; N. H. Brown. 1865-()6; William J. Enright, 1867; John Kaltz. 1868; John 
W. Kingscott. 1869; Royal A. Jennv. 1870; John Kaltz. 1871-72; George W Adair, 
1873: Paul Lefevi-e, 1874-77; Henry" W. Miller. 1878-82. 

Treasm-ers- -Louis L. Beaufait, 1837-40: Loring Hawley, 1840-42; Avery Dennison, 
1842; Cornelius Fehan, 1843-46; Avery Dennison, 1846; Cornelius Fehan, 1847; Elisha 
W. Halsey. 1848; Cornelius Fehan. 1849-51; Samuel Jones. 1852; Loring Hawley, 
1853; Joseph Tobiu, 1854; Prosper Le Due, 1855; Fred H. Walker. 1856; AVilliam E. 
Hartsig. 1857-58: Ai-nold Hardwood. 1859; John W. Kingscott. 1860-61; John Ward- 
hoflf, 1862-66; Peter Rotarius, 1867; George H Briukers, 1868; Lewis Hartsig, 1869-71; 
Mathias J. Hoffman, 1872-74; Vincent Tremble, 1875-77: Mathias Hoffman, 1878-79: 
Lewis Hartsig, 1880; Peter Miller, 1881. 

Justices of the Peace — Samuel Gibbs, John H. Bai-ton, L. F. Rhodes, Alonzo Haight, 
1837: Loring Hawley, Samuel Gibbs, 1838; R. D. Smith, 1839; H. W. Laraway, Harris 
Corey, Louis L. Beaufait, 1840; E. W. Halsey, 1841; Jeremiah W. Wetson, Sylvester 
Royes, 1842: Horace P. Jennv, George W. Corev, Libertv Hartwell. 1843; Robert J. 
Mitchell, 1844; Cornelius Felian, 1845; George W. Corey' 1846: Aiartin Blunt, 1847; 
R, J. Mitchell, Liberty Hartwell, 1848; George 'W. Glazier. Robert Morris, 1849; Corne- 
lius Fehan, George W. Corey. 1850; Ai-nold Harwood. Charles Davy, 1851; Robert D. 
Smith, 1852; Hazel Horner, George Bolam, 1853; George W. Corey, 1854; L. Hartzig, 
Francis Groesbeck, George Eberth, 1855; George Bolam. Almond D. Jenny. 1857; S. W. 
Rovce. 1858; Charles Groesbeck, 1859; George Bolam. 1860; A. D. Jenny. "l861; Prosper 
La' Due. 1862: Casper Schettler, 1863: N. B. Brown. 1864; C. S. Groesbeck, George 
Bolam, 1865: N. B. Brown, 1866; John Bucklev. John W. Kingscott, 1867; Anthony 
Schettler. A. D. Jenny, 1S68: Charles S. Groesbeck, 1869; George Bolam, 1870; Ai-nold 
Harwood, Michael Schanherr, 1871; M. K. Plummer, William Simonds, John Buckley, 
1872; John Hartman. 1873; M. Schanherr, 1874; Lewis Hartsig. 1875; William Si- 
monds, 1876: John Hartman. 1877: H. Engelman, 1878: Victor Schanherr, John Hart- 
sig, 1879. 

There was no opposition to the Democratic ticket in this town in 1882. and the vote 
was small. Paul Lefever was re-elected Supervisor, Henry Miller. Clerk, for 1882-83. 

VILLAGE OF WARREN. 

The village of Warren in this township was settled at an early day. It is twelve 
miles southwest of Mt. Clemens and fourteen north of Detroit. Its location is within a 
half mile of the D. &. B. C. R. R. , which renders the place a suburb of Detroit. It ia a 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



fine agricultural section, which is devoted to farming, mai'ket gardening, grain, vegetables 
and fruit. There are Methodist and Lutheran Churches, a district school and a steam feed 
mill and foundry in the hamlet. Its conservatism in respect to population is remarkable. 
The census returns of 1880 credit it with being the center of 150peof)le. Similar returns 
for years past have accorded to the little hamlet precisely the same number. Among the 
early settlers were the Groesbecks. Joseph Jei'ome, Harris Corey, Joseph Mosho and 
George Bolam, many of whom have left families, members of which still reside in the 
township. Among the business and professional men of the village are John Ames. Milo 
Ames, Oliver Barton, J. L. Beebe, C. Davy. AVilliam Cole. D. L. Case. Frink & Mur- 
thum, L. Groesbeck, Silas E. Halsey, John Hartman, Rev. A. Harwood. W. Helzeuger, 
E. Lawrence. F. McCall. William McMullen, Judson C. Mason, E. Mores. C. Sanderson, 
Edward Tharrett. G. B. Walker, G. Whitten, Rev. AVilliam Young. 



TOWNSHIP SCHOOLS. 

There are six district schools in the tovvnshi]), attended by 8L5 childi'en. The school 
buildings are frame, valued at $4,00(). The total expenditures of the township for school 
purposes dm'ing the year 1881 were $8.0911.15. The school, in connection with the Cath- 
olic Church at Center Line, is one of the leading educational establishments of the town- 
ship. The Lutheran school is another denominational establishment. 

ST. Clement's catholic church. 
The Catholic congregation of St. Clement's parish was founded in 1854, when the new 
church was consecrated under permission of Bishop Lefe\Te. The growth of the congre- 
gation necessitated an addition to the church building in 18<)S. The senior membei's of 
the congi'egation were Charles Groesbeck. Joseph Cramer, Josejjh Miller and a few otliers. 
The church was attended successively by Rev. Father Van den Driesche. of the Church of 
the Assumption at Connor's Creek, next by the priests of the Detroit Cathedral, again by 
the Redemptorist Fathers of St. Mary's. Detroit. The first resident priest was Rev. H. 
Hueffels. now of Anchorville, who came in 1857; he was succeeded, in 1868, by Rev. W. 
J. V. Hendricks. At that time, 140 families formed the congregation. Under Father 
Hendricks, an extensive addition was made to the church building, a new pipe organ was 
introduced, a cemetery laid out. which was blessed by Bishop Borgess, May 10, 1871. 
The schoolhouse was also enlarged by him, and a dwelling for the organist and teachers 
erected. On January fi. 1880, he proposed the building of a new chm-ch; the people 
acted promptly, so that on July 5, he laid the corner-stone of the present building. The 
big work was commenced September 3. 1880, and the church was dedicated by Bishop 
Borgess November 6, 1881. The total cost, $18,000, was paid up in May, 1882. The 
length of the building is 13(5 feet, the width 54 feet. There are five entrances to the 
building, fifteen stained glass windows, a number of well-executed paintings, chaste fres- 
coes, rendering the building one of the most perfect sacred edifices in the county. The 
parish of Centerline is one very difficult to administer, simply on account of the various 
nationalities represented; the pastor is obliged to preach in the American, French, Bel- 
gium and German languages, and in every-day life has to transact the duties of his office 
in so many different tongues and with so many different peoples. The number of families 
belonging to St. Clement's congregation, in 1880, was 210. which niimber has met with 
many additions since that time. 

PERSONAL in.STOliY. 

The biographical sketches of citizens of Warren, given in this volume, contain much 
that is specially interesting. Each one of these sketches is a lesson in itself, pointing the 
way to progress. 



ISAAC BRACE, son of Thomas and Ann (Green) Brace, of Hertfordshire. England, 
was born October 28, 1837; his parents came to the United States in lS;:i4: lived for two 
years at Detroit, one year in Canada, then at Royal Oak, Oakland Co., Mich., where his 
mother died in 1859; at the age of twenty-one, went to the Marquette iron mines; next 
passed some time in the lumber regions; engaged in fishing at St. Joe for one year; next 
worked on a farm and in a brick factory, and, in 18(j'2. enlisted in the Fifth Michigan 
Cavalry, went into service at East Capitol Hill, and finished at Fort Leavenworth, Kan. , 
with the muster-out of the command; a reference to the regimental history will show the 
principal affairs in which this soldier was engaged. After the wai-. he bought an eighty- 
acre farm at Troy. Oakland County, where he made his home until 1881; he then engaged 
in the dry goods trade: sold his interest therein, and retired to his pleasant home in War- 
ren Township. He married Mrs. Louisa Dewandeler, a native of Belgium, who settled 
with her parents in Warren in 18(17 or 18(iS; they ai-e the parents of Mary, Julia and 
Amelia Brace. Mr. Brace is the owner of eighty acres in Troy, Oakland Cotinty. 

JOSEPH ('RAMER. Jk., son of Joseph and Magdalene (Aut) Cramer, was born Au- 
gust 14, 1857; his parents were natives of Prussia, Germany, who immigrated in 1842, 
settling at Pontiac. Oakland Co., Mich.; he worked on the Detroit & Michigan Railroad 
for some time, and then located eighty acres on Section 22, Warren. Mr. Cramer, the 
subject of this sketch, was educated at the Cincinnati Catholic College one year; at St. 
Vincents, near Pittsbm-gh, Penn., one year; at Sandwich, Canada, two years; and at 
Milwaukee College three years; he taught school for four years, retiring on account 
of ill health. He married Miss Catherine, daughter of William and Catherine (Cas- 
peres) Otto, natives of Prussia. August lU, 1879; they are the parents of two children — 
Catherine and Gertrade. Mr. Cramer is engaged in business at Center Line. The fam- 
ilv are members of the Catholic Church. 

LAVINrS DE SMET, P. O. Ceutei' Line, sou of L. and Celia (Fromdefelia) De 
Smet, was born at Hoist, Belgium, December 25, 1818. his father died in November, 1821, 
and his mother in 1829; fi-om this period until 1839 he lived with his uncle; there he 
learned the wagon-maker's trade, and worked at it for about thi'ee years; he immigrated 
in 1845: aiTived at Detroit and located in Warren Township the same year, on a forty- 
acre tract of unimproved land; this land he cleared and drained, raised dwelling house 
and farm buildings, planted an orchard, vinery, etc. ; he was accompanied by his sister, 
who was married in Belgium. Mi-. De Smet man-ied Miss Elizabeth Dunne, daughter of 
John and Rosie (O'Brien) Dunne, natives of Ireland, to whom were born five children — 
Maggie, Julia. Elizabeth, Phillip and Peter. After the death of his fii-st wife, he mar- 
ried Miss D. King, a native of Holland, to whom two children were born. The family 
lielong to the Catholic Chiu-ch. Mr. De Smet is a practical agricultm-ist, fruit and vine 
gi-ower, and also superintends a wagon and blacksmith shop. 

ARNOLD HARWOOD, sou of Ahaz and Polly Carver Harwood, was born in Rutland 
County, Vt., August 25. 1816; his father was born in Massachusetts in 1/91. and his 
mother in Vermont in 1800; they settled in Marshall. Calhoun Co.. Mich., in 1839. Arnold 
moved to Richmond Township. Macomb County, in 1843; to Mt. Clemens in 1844, where 
he worked imtil 184(); he bought a farm of forty acres in Warren Township, which he 
partially cleai-ed and sold: bought a farm of eighty acres, on which he cleared thirty, on 
which he lived for ten years; he was engaged in locating lands for a land company; lo- 
cated 12.000 acres for Gov. Crapo in 1852, and carried on his farm at the same time; he 
sold his farm in 18()3. and purchased 12f) acres of improved lands on Section 4. where he 
now resides; he established a lumber-yard at Warren Station, and in other ways has taken 
an active part in the development of the township; he was Justice of the Peace in 18o3; 
appointed a Notary by Gov. K. S. Bingham in 1855, which office he still holds; and High- 



r 



^1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



way Commissioner in ISTT). He was mamed, in ISiJS, to Elvira Crosier, daughter of 
Samuel and Rhoda Orvis Crosier, natives of Halifax, Vermont, to whom eight children 
were born. He was married a second time. May 10, ISfiO. to Elizabeth C, daughter of 
Frederick and Sarah A. Higgins Van Fleet, to whom four childi'en were born. His family 
belongs to the M. E. Chm-ch, of which Mr. Harwood was local preacher for a quarter 
of a centiiry. 

HENRY HENDRICKX was born in the Province of Limbiu-g, Holland; his parents 
were natives of North Brabant; father died in 1871; the mother in 1S.")2. Mr. Hendrickx 
was educated in colleges in Belgium and Holland: after his father's death, he, with two 
brothers, came to the United States in 187"2; continued studies at Cincinnati, and at West- 
moreland County, Penn. ; settled in Warren Township, where he established a large gro- 
cery house. In 1S74, Mr. Hendrickx married Miss Gertrude Raltz, daughter of John Jo- 
seph Rahz, a native of Germany and a farmer of Warren; they are the parents of live 
childi'en. 

REV. W. J. V. HENDRICKX descended from the Hendrickx and Sassen families 
of Holland, was born August US, 184:-!; at the age of eleven, he was sent to the C. B. Col- 
lege of Kuwenerg, North Brabant, Holland; in 185(), he matriculated at St. Michael's 
Seminary, near Bois Le Due, where he was educated for the priesthood; diiring six years, 
he studied Latin, Greek, French, Dutch and German languages; in 18H'2, he entered his 
two-years' study of philosophy, and in 18()4 began the study of theology at Roermond, 
Province of Limburg; there he was ordained priest by Bishop Paredis, March "iS, 1868. 
July y of that year, he left his native country for the United States, and arrived here July 
19, 18()8; he was welcomed by the late Bishop LefevTe, who appointed him assistant to 
Rev. Van Den Dreische, at Connor's Creek; there he labored until appointed Pastor of St. 
Clemens Parish, of Center Line, January '27, 18(5'.); in 18S(), May 1, the foundation of the 
beautiful St. Clemens Church was laid, and finished and dedicated by Bishop Borgey on 
November (i, 1881; the church cost about flfi.OOO, which smn has been paid already. It 
may be said with truth that this priest loves his people; and they return his love unmeas- 
ured. 

ALMON D. JENNEY, son of Ebenezer, of New Hampshire, was born in Addison 
County, Vt., September 25, 181(5; came to Macomb County in 183(5; taught school at 
Stony Creek in ]8H(5 and 18l!7; in the neighborhood of Utica and Romeo for live or six 
winters, and entered his farm in 1838. three miles south of Utica, on which he located in 
1841; in IM.JO, went to Oakland, where he remained till 1852, when he located on Section 
3, Warren Township; he was Justice of the Peace for fifteen years; has been Notary Pub- 
lic for many years past; Commissioner of Highways for three years, and is a member 
of the Masonic order; married, July 1, 1841, Miss Zadia N. Haff. a native of Rensselaer 
County, N. Y. ; were the parents of nine chikli-en, seven of whom are living. 

ROYAL A. JENNEY, son of Almon D. Jenney, formerly of Vermont, was born in Ster- 
ling, Macomb County, June 27, 1845; enlisted in Company D, Twenty second Michigan 
Volunteer Infantry, in ]8(i5; he taught school in Wayne County and Macomb County for 
seven years; in 1870, he entered the employ of the Union Iron Company of Detroit, and 
the same year piu-chased an interest in the concern; he is now Assistant Secretary of the 
comjiany; superintends the manufacture of charcoal, and is one of the managers of the 
firm. He was married, in December, 1871, to Miss C. Hoxsey, daughter of Edward Hox- 
sey; their childi-eit are Edith, Estelle, Pearl and Lee. Mr. Jenney was Township Clerk 
for one year, and is a meml^er of the Masonic Lodge of Utica. 

PAUL LEFEVRE, P. O. Center Line, son of .John and Amelia (Vandamme) Lefevre, 
was born in Passchendaele, Belgium; was educated in the township schools until 18(58, 
when he entered the college of Trelinghien; in 18(54, he entered the high school at Zoun- 



liL 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 85T 

cbeke, Belgium. In 1805, he came to the United States with his parents, at Grosse Point, 
Wayne Co., Mich.; there his father died in 18()7. Paul remained on the homestead until 
lN7"i, when he moved to Warren Township. He was married to Miss Elizabeth Tremble, 
daughter of Eustache and Cecilia (Rivard) Tremble, of Wayne County, July IT), 1S73-, 
they are the parents of foiu' chikiren, viz. : Edmund E., Amelia E., Alfonso D. and Delia 
R. Mr Lefevre was elected Clerk of Warren in 1874, and served until 1878, when he was 
elected member of Supei-visors' Board from that township; he has been repeatedly re- 
elected, and holds the office at present. Mr. Lefevre and family belong to the Catholic 
Church. Politically, he is a Democrat. 

J. C. MASON, son of Ichabod and Maiy (Beals) Mason, natives of Massachusetts, was 
born January 8, 1884; father died in February, 18H4; and mother, in August, 1841. In his 
fifteenth year, he commenced working on a farm by the month; continued until 1854, 
when he began to leara blacksmithing in New York; continued his trade in Oakland 
County, Mich., and established himself permanently in Warren Township, Macomb County. 
He was married to Miss Elizalieth Davy, daughter of Elder Charles and Mary Davy, Feb- 
ruary 10, 18')7, to whom six children were born, of whom two are dead. The family be- 
long to the M. E. Church. Mason's wagon, buggy and iron working shops were estab- 
lished March 18, I8.3O; he began work as a blacksmith on a small scale, and, as business 
increased, added one department after another, until now his business includes the manu- 
factiu-e of buggies, wagons, a smithy, paint-shop, foundry, feed-mill, saw-mill; he deals 
in agricultural implements, and is the owner of a valuable property. 

EDWARD H. PECK, son of William and Ellen (Case) Peck, natives of New York, 
former of Ontario County, latter of Montgomery County, was born in the town of Phelps 
December 0, 1850; he was employed on the State Scow, Seneca River Canal for two years; 
in 1874, he came to Sterling Township, where he purchased a farm and lived for foiu- 
years; he visited his New York home in 187S, and, in June, 1879, purchased a farm in 
Warren Township, and located there: he is now the owner of a farm of 1 10 acres on Sec- 
tion 5. Ml-. Peck was married, March (>, 1877, to Miss Martha, daughter of Franklin 
Ames and Sarah (Moffit) Ames; this lady died November 27, 1878. He married Miss Celia 
J., daughter of Oixin Benson and Lydia M. (Perkins) Benson, natives of Vermont, January 
15, 1880. The family are inclined to the Baptist Church. Politically, Mr. Peck is a 
Democrat. 

ABRAJI VAN FLEET. 



CHAPTER XXXIX. 

KAY TOWNSHIP. 

This towTiship is generally level, with very little flat land, and no swamps nor marshes- 
The varieties of timber common to Michigan formerly grew in large quantities in the 
township, and a fair proportion of mo.st kinds still exists. The principal streams are the 
North Branch of the Clinton River, which traverses the township near its eastern bound- 
aiy, due north, and enters Armada near its southwest corner; Coon Creek, which runs 
through the township northerly. Besides, there is Healey Brook, which rises on the 
Lofvell farm, in Washington Township. Ray is a line agricultiu'al locality, yielding an- 
nually above the average of the principal farm productions. From the returns of 1873, 
the following figures are gleaned, as representing the amounts of the various staple arti- 
53 



■^ 



HI.STORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



cles raised during that year, being a fair general criterion: Wheat, 18. 555 bushels; corn, 
38.000 bnshels; all other grain, principally oats, barley and rye, 41,170 bushels; potatoes, 
14,69r3 bushels. The population of Ray Township, according to the census (special) of 
1873, was 1,485. In 1880, it was reported to be 1,543. 

Joseph Chubb, in his paper on the early settlement of Ray, states that among the first 
settlers was Joseph Chubb, in the year 1825. His patent of one section of land was signed 
by John Q. Adams. At about this time. Zelottes Stone, John Gass, Duncan Gass, Na- 
thaniel Thompson, Benjamin Freeman, J. T. Robinson and Samuel Buttertield — with the 
largest family in Ray for many years — also settled there. The first schoolhouse was 
erected near what is now known as Ray Center in 1834. The first church building erected 
in Ray was in 1839. for the Close Communion Baptist society. Their first settled minis- 
ter was William Tuttle, and among its first members were Andrew Sutherland, Russell 
Roberts, Hiram Roberts and Josiah Parks. The Baptist Chiu'ch proper was organized 
in 1837. The first Congregational Church in Ray was organized on the 13th of Febru- 
ary, 1838, by the Rev. Philander Barber, of Romeo. The meeting was held at the house 
of David Stone, who was elected Clerk. The members who joined at that time were David 
Stone and wife, William Stone. Theophilus Stone. Zelottes Stone, Orrilla Weltou. Orsa- 
mus Lathrop and wife. Thomas E. Dryer, Carlos W. Brown. As we understand it. both 
churches still exist. Joseph Chubb buried his wife — the first adult person biu'ied in Ray 
— January 9. IS'27. Edgar Freeman was the first male child born in Ray. and Lucinda 
Chubb the first female. Among the first settlers who were heads of families now living 
are John Gass, Zelottes Stone, John Dicken, J. T. Robinson, Moroiah Chubb (widow of 
Joseph Chubb), Electa Louck (widow of William Louck) and John Goodell. 

In addition to this statement. John E. Day relates that, at the time of its organiza- 
tion, the township included Armada and Lenox in its boundaries. It was named by Noah 
Webster, and the name was spelled Rhea, after the Latin name of a river in Euro])e. 
After two or three years, the spelling was changed to Ray. On the Uth of July, 1827, 
John Biddle was elected Delegate to Congress, receiving from this township sixteen votes. 
November 5. 1827, William A. Burt was elected a member of the Territorial Legislature, 
receiving sixteen votes. There were only two road districts. Job Howell presiding over 
the work in one. and Joseph Chubb in the other. Joseph Chubb and Chauncy Bailey 
held the responsible oflSce of Fence Viewers. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The township of Ray, erected April 12, 1827, comprised all the county of Macomb 
north of the third townships, and in the 13th range, and the first meeting was held at the 
house of Noah Webster, the last Monday in May, 1827. The act of March 7. 1834, directed 
that surveyed Township 4 north. Range 14, be attached to and form a part of the town of 
Ray: and that the division botween the townships of Clinton and Harrison should there- 
after be the line dividing the 13th and 14th ranges. The act of June 22, 1832, attached 
Township 5, Range 14 east, and the east half of Township 5, in Range 13 east, to Macomb 
County, and directed that the country so annexed should form a portion of the town of Ray. 

The first town meeting was held at the house of Noah Webster May 28, 1827. Reu- 
ben R. Smith was chosen Moderator; Edmund Steward, Clerk. The ele^^tion resulted in 
the choice of Reuben R. Smith, Supervisor: Edmund Steward, Clerk; Chauncey Bailey, 
William Stephens and John Proctor, Assessors: Norman PeiTy, Job Howell, Nathaniel 
Thompson, Commissioners: Moses Freeman, Constable and Collector; Joseph Chubb, Sr. , 
William Hall ^nd Josiah Hamblin, Overseers of the Poor; Joseph Chubb, Chauncey Bai- 
ley, Fence Viewers; Job Howell and Joseph Chubb, Pathmasters. 

The first resolution of the Town Board was opposed to raising any money for the sup- 



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J^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



port of the poor. The board authorized the expenditiu'e of $5 on a record book, and a])- 
pointed Noah Webster Poundmaster. 

TmVN liOsTKl;. 

Supei'visors — Reuben R. Smith, 1827-38; County Commissioners, 1838-43; Charles 
Marble, 1839-40; Josiali Lee, 1840; Alexander Taejjles, 1842-43; Neil Grav. 1843-44; 
Jacob A. Crawford, 1844-45: Reuben R. Smith, 1845-46; Jacob A. Crawford, 1840-48; 
JohnM. Crawford, 1848-49: Jonathan E. Davis, 1849-50; John M. Crawford, 1850-51; 
Charles Marble, 1851-52; JohnM. Crawford, 1852-54; Joel Thompson, 1854-55; Hiram 
Ban-ows. 1855-5(J: Joel Thompson, 1850-58; Deliverance S. Priest, 1858-59; Elias W. 
Lyons, 1859-60; Joel Thompson, 1860-61; Deliverance S. Priest. 1861-62; JohnM. 
Crawford, 1862-63; Deliverance S. Priest, 1863-70; Ezra Nve, 1870-81; Watson W. 
Lvons, 1881-82. 

Clerks-Edmund Steward, 1827-29; Noah Webster, 1830-35; Duncan Gass, 1836: 
David Stone, 1837-39; W. M. Welley, 1840; Josiah T. Robinson, 1841; W. M. Welley, 
1842; David Stone, 1843; Oran Freeman. 1844-45; Joseph Sutherland, 1846; William 
M. Lee, 1847-48; Joel Thompson, 1849-51; Daniel F. Lake, 1852-53. William M. Lee. 
1854; Joseph Chubb, 1855; John Tewksbmy, 1856; Oran Freeman, 185 /-58; Joel 
Thompson, 1859; John W. Goodell, 1860; Ezra Nve, 1861-64; Wesley W. Welley, 
1865-66; Ezra Nye, 1807-70; Norman Crawford. 1871 ; William L. Dicken,_1872 : Nor- 
man Crawford, 1873; William L. Dicken, 18i4-i0; Norman Crawford, 18((~i8;Milo 
W. Davis, 1879-81. 

Treasurers —Moses Freeman, 1827; Normas Perry, 1828-29; Cai pus Redway. 1830; 
William Hall, 1831; Apollos A. Fuller, 1832; Norman Pen-y, 1833; Eli H. Webster, 
1834-36; Elijah Stone, 1837-38; Wilson W. Miller, 1839-40'; Benjamin Miller. 1841; 
David Sutherland, 1842; Joseph Sutherland. 1843; Elijah Stone, 1844; Orsamus Lath- 
rop, 1845-46; Elias W. Lyons, 1847-48; James H. Siitton, 1849; Thomas G. Omans, 
1850; James Gass, 1851; Robert Sutherland, 1852-53; John Goodell, 1854; John E. 
Butterfield, 1855; Nelson Gass, 1856; Charles Fillmore, 1852; Elias Stone, 1858; Elias 
L. Stone. 1859; William L. Dicken, 1860; Elias L Stone. 1861; William D. Thompson. 
1862; Myron Thompson. 1863-64; Wesley W. Wellev. 1865; Nelson Gass. 1860; R. M. 
Stitt, 1867-08; George W. Garvin. 1869-70; Russell B. Bratton. 1871-72; Daniel T. 
Chubb, 1873-74; Orrin J. Gass, 1875; Voluey N. Ai-nold. 1876-77; Eugene W. Miller. 
1878. Myron Thompson, 1879; Eugene W. Miller, 1880-81. 

Justices of the Peace — Duncan Gass, 1836; Charles W. Brown, 1836; George W. 
Knapp, 1836; William H. Baker, 1836; L. Sharpstien. 1837; Duncan Ctes, 1837; David 
Stone, 1837; Duncan Gass, 1838; Charles Marble, 1838; L. Sharpstien. 1838; Duncan 
Ciass, 1839; Charles Marble, 1840; Josiah Lee, 1841; Alexander Tackles, 1842; William 
M. Welley, 1843; Charles Marble, 1844; Jonathan E. Davis, 1845; Alexander Tackles, 
1846; William M. Welley, 1847; Deliverance S. Priest, 1848; Norton L. Miller. 1848; 
Elias W. Lyons, 1849; Jonathan E. Davis, 1850; J. T, Robinson, 1850; Theron Cad- 
worth, 1850; Jacob A. Crawford, 1851; Hiram Nye, 1851; William M. Welley. 1852; 
Hiram Barrows, 1853; William Willey, 1854; Barlow Davis, 1855; J. T.Robinson, 1857; 
James D. Roberts, 1858; Hiram Barrows, 1858; Dan Tewksbuiy, 1858; Joseph T. Robin- 
son, 1859; J. \V. Davis, 1859; Chauncey Sheldon, 1800; Milton Thompson. 1800; Hiram 
Barrows, 1861; A. Sutherland, 1862; J. T. Robinson, 1862; Albert Lincoln, 1863; John 
N. Sellick, 1863; William R. Sutton, 1804; Robert Warner, 1864; Stephen H. Davis. 
1865; Josiah T. Robinson. 1806; Milton Thompson, 1866; Mason Cole, 1867; William 
M. Dorie, 1868: Stephen H. Davis, 1869; Joseph T. Robinsou, 1870; Bela R. Davis, 1871; 
E. L. Kendi-ick, 1871; William M. Dove, 1872; J. J. Bentley, 1873; D. Tewksbury, 
1873-74; Robert Warner, 1875; Josiah T. Robinson, 1876; Bela R. Davis, 18 n; Daniel 



"IV 



i, 



^: 




Tewksbiiry, 187S; Robert Warnev, 1879; Mason Cole. 1880; Bela R. Davis, 1881; Helm 
Hazleton, 1881. 

In 1882. W. W. Lyons. Deniocrat. was elected Supervisor; the remainder of the 
ticket is Republican: Supervisor. W. W. Lyons. Democrat, 142; A. Hazelton. Republi- 
can. 129; Democratic majority, 1:1 Clerk, M. W. Davis, Republican. 179; William 
Dove. Democrat. 85; Republican majority, 94. Treasurer, J. Gass, Republican. 151; W. 
T. Switzer. Democrat. 122; Republican majority, 29. 

ECCEN'TKICITIES OF THE TOWN BOAIID. 

The vote of the township on the question of State government, taken October 3, 1832, 
was thirty-three for and two against. 

The survey of the Armada & St. Clair Plank Road was made in April, 1853. 

In I860, the Town Board granted a bounty of 25 cents on every crow killed within 
the township. Under this rule, one Orrin Gass received in one payment no less than 
$5.25; Orsamus Lathrop, $1.25; George Rowley, §1; D. Sutherland. 50 cents; and Mun- 
son E. Lyons, 75 cents. Ray Township escaped the bonus of a railroad tax. 

TE.\CHERS' ASSOCIATION. 

The first Teachers' Educational Association organized in the county was that in 1847, 
in Ray Township. Dr. Philo Tillson was President; Mason Cole, Secretary. Prof. Nut 
ting delivered the inaugural address. The first meeting was held in the Baptist Church, 
Ray Center. At the second meeting, held the same winter, in the Congregational Church. 
Romeo, Peter Moyers, a native of Washington Township, and a graduate from Oberlin 
College, addressed the teachers. The association existed for five years, when it mei'ged 
into the Teachers' Institute. 

THE PATRIOT WAK. 

The Canadian patriots claimed the sympathy of the early settlers of Ray. So intense 
was the feeling of the Americans, that Great Britain was about to declare war against the 
United States. The people of Ray were among those prepared to treat Great Britain to 
another Yorktown. Weekly drill was held for six weeks under Capt Willey. of Mt. Clem- 
ens. The Ray company was present at the review held at Mt^ Clemens May 12, 1838. 

THE CUAWFOKD SCIIOOl.. 

The schoolhouse of the Crawford settlement was located almost on the line of Ray 
and Macoml). It was built in 1839. Among the early teachers were; Mary E. Garvin, 
Sarah O. Garviu, Mr. Thurston, in 1844-45. In 1846, Mason Cole took charge of the 
school. He says, speaking of the school of that time: '" It was the most interesting school 
that was ever in Ray, because the material composing the school was probably superior 
to what was there before, and what has been there since." In 1846-47, algebra was in- 
troduced into the school at Crawford, being its first introduction into the district schools of 
Macomb County. Among the pupils were the Crawford brothers, Henry Castle, the Misses 
Wycoff, the Misses Hall, Jones, Charles and Lorenzo Culver, the Misses Woodard, R. 
AVycofi". 

.KcuooLs iM 1881-83. 

The School Directoi-s for 1881-82 were: George W. Garvin, Amos Van Horn, George 
Bottomley, John J. Hartway, Oscar Chamberlin, Elijah Co.star, Joseph A. Mclnnes and 
Harrison Stone, presiding over Districts 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6, and Fractional Districts 2, 8 and 
15, respectively. The number of children of school age in the township in September, 
1881, was 429. There are eight frame school buildings valued at $3,250. The total ex- 
penditure of the town on account of schools during the year ending September, 1881. 



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l\±, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



amounted to $2,130, of which sum $1,070 was paid to teachers. The people speak hifjhly 
of their schools, and seem to be thoroughly satisfied with the new order of school affairs 
under the recent amendment of school act. 

R.VY CENTKR. 

Ray Center is situated near the center of Ray Township, as its name implies. It is 
a place of no growth now, even compared with what it was years ago. It is five miles 
northwest of New Baltimore Station, or Milton, twelve north of Mt. Clemens, and forty- 
two above Detroit. The hamlet is situated on the North Branch of the Clinton River, in 
a level and fertile grain-producing region. There is a post office at Ray Center: also a 
Congregational Church and a common school. The population of the place is about one 
hundi'ed. Rev. John Gillam combines the dual office of Methodist Pastor and village 
physician. F. W. Miller operates a saw and floiu- mill. The water-power of the North 
Branch of the Clinton is utilized at this point. H. Freeman is owner of a lumber manu- 
facturing concern. 

D,4vrs. 

Davis contains about twenty-five buildings, one general store, two blacksmith shops. 
a hotel, one saw-mill, one cider-mill, one cooper-shop. There is a Methodist Episcopal 
Church and a district school. The hamlet is located at the southwest corner of the town- 
ship, within half a mile of the corners of the torn townships of Shelby, Macomb, Wash 
ington and Ray. It contains about one himdredand fifty inhabitants, with good prospects 
of a rapid increase. This place has been alternately known as Brooklyn and Davis. The 
post office is administered by B. R. Davis. 

The churches of the township, referred to in the general history, comprise the Meth- 
odist Episcopal. Free Methodist, Congregational, and a union chiu-ch, now attended by a 
Rev. Mr. Young, of Romeo. 

The Macomb Lodge, No. 64, F. A. M., was organized on the '29th day of April, 1853, 
by Allen P. Bentley. George W. Knapp. Calvin Davis, Sr., Jedediah Millard, J. E. Davis, 
Oliver Adams, Ira F. Pearsall, William Bullock, James Kiles and Charles Bennett, Mas- 
ter Masons. The first meeting was held at the house of Daniel Benjamin, in Macomb, on 
the evening of the 29th day of April, A. D. 1853, Allen P. Bentley acting as Worshipful 
Master; George W. Knapp, Senior Warden; Oliver Adams, Junior Warden; Calvin Davis, 
Sr., Treasiu-er: J. E. Davis, Secretary. William Bullock, Senior Deacon; Charles Ben- 
nett, Junior Deacon; and L. Hoard, Tiler. 

The names of the principal officers since organization are as follows: 

1853 — Allen P. Bentley, Worshipful Master; J. E. Davis, Secretary; Calvin Davis, 
Treasurer. 

1854 — Allen P. Bentley, Worshipful Master: William Bullock, Secretary: Calvin 
Davis, Treasurer. 

1855 — Allen P. Bentley, Worshipful Master; H. F. Keeler, Secretary; Calvin Davis. 
Treasirrer. 

1856 — Allen P. Bentley, Worshipful Master; George W. Knapp, Secretary; Calvin 
Davis, Treasurer. 

1857 — John Nichols. Worshipful Master; George W. Knapp, Secretary; Niles Gid- 
dings. Treasurer. 

1858 — -Barlow Davis, Worshipful Master; Albert Lincoln, Secretary; Niles Giddings, 
Treasurer. 

1859 — J. E. Davis. Worshipful Master; Albert Lincoln, Secretary; Francillo Davis, 



Treasurer. 



-H B V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



1 860— Charles Bernett. Worshipful Master; S. G. Cole, Secretary: Barlow Davis, 
Treasurer. 

1N61 — George W. Knapp, Worshipful Master; J. D. Rice, Secretary: Josiah Terwil- 
liffor. Treasurer. 

1862 — Charles Bennett, Worshipful Master; A. H. Miller, Secretary; Jousithan Ter- 
williger. Treasurer. 

1863 — Albert Lincoln, AVorshipful Master; John G. Atken, Secretary; Barlow Davis, 
Treasurer. 

1864 — Hemy Bennett, Worshipful Master; Albert Lincoln, Secretary ; Barlow Davis, 
Treasm-er. 

1865 — Hemy Bennett, Worshipful Master; Elisha Briggs. Secretary; Myron Thomp- 
son, Treasiu'er. 

1866 — Barlow Davis. Worshipful Master; Elisha Briggs, Secretary; Myron Thomp- 
son, Treasui'er. 

1867 — Henry Bennett, Worshipful Master; Herschal Gass, Secretary; Barlow Davis, 
Treasu^rer. 

1868 — C. F. Apling, Worshipfiil Master; Oran Freeman, Secretary; Barlow Davis, 
Treasurer. 

1869 — Henry Bennett, Worshipful Master; Oran Freeman, Secretary; Barlow Davis, 
Treasarer. 

1870 — Henry Bennett, Worshipful Master; Oran Freeman, Secretary; Myron Thomp 
son, Treasm-er. 

1871 — Hemy Bennett, Worshipful Master: Oran Freeman, Secretary; Myron Thomp- 
son, Treasm-er. 

1S7"2 — Hem-y Bennett. Worshipful Master; Oran Freeman. Secretary ; Hoswell 
Church, Treasiu-er. 

1873 — Henry Bennett, Worshipful Master; Ezra Nye, Secretary; Hoswell Church, 
Treasurer. 

1874— Henry Bennett, Worshipful Master; Ezra Nye, Secretary; Hoswell Chm-ch, 
Treasurer. 

1875 — Hem-y Bennett, Worshipful Master; Ezra Nye, Secretary; Hoswell Church, 
Treasurer. 

1876 Henry Bennett. Worshipful Master; Ezra Nye, Secretary; Hoswell Church, 
Treasurer. 

1877 Henry Bennett, Worshipful Master: Ezra Nye, Secretai-y; Hoswell Church. 
Treasurer. 

1878- A. E. Collins, Worshipful Master; Charles Bennett, Secretary: George Garvin, 
Treasm-er. 

1879 Henry Bennett, Worshipful Master; Charles Bennett, Secretary; George Gar- 
vin, Treasui-er. 

1880 A. E. Collins, Worshipful Master: Watson W. Lyons, Secretary; Myi-on 
Thompson, Treasm-er. 

1881- A. E. Collins. Worshipful Master; Watson W. Lj'ons, Secretary; Myron 
Thompson, Treasurer. 

ISS-J -A. E. Collins, Worshipful Master; Watson W. Lyons, Secretary; Charles Beu- 
n(>tt, Treasurer. 

I'KRSONAL .SKliTCHES. 

In the pages, devoted to personal history, are given the biogi-ajihieal sketches of the 
pioneer and prominent citizens of the township. This very important section of the 



TP 



d^ 



HISTORY or MACOMB COUNTY. 



woi"k has been very fully treated; so that the history of this district may be said to be 
complete in every respect. 

SAMUEL ALDRICH. P. O. Davis, son of Peter Aldrich, was born April 12, \SV2, in 
Ontario, N. Y. He came to Michigan in June. 183(j, and settled in Armada, where he re- 
mained twelve years. He was married. March 1, 188(5, to Deborah Bannister; they be- 
came the parents of eight children — Peter, married Lucinda Johnson, of Ray: Armada, 
married Charles Curtis, and afterward Samuel Reed; Alma. Mr.s. \V. H. Eaton, of Wash- 
ington (see sketch): John, married Lydia Bannister, resides in Washington; James Z., 
maiTied Dora Loomis. resides in Armada; Ella. Mrs. George Ames, of Armada; Alden, 
resides in Ray. Mr. Aldrich has always been a Democrat; he is a ])ioneer of Ray Town- 
ship, and owns !()() acres of land, which he acquired by hard labor, economy and persever- 
ance. His tirst wife died September 5, ISTO, and he was married again, in 1S7'2. to Mrs. 
Sarah Rawlings, a native of Mom-oe Cou.nty. N. Y. ; they are members of the Christian 
Chm'ch. 

ISAAC ANDERSON, P. O. Romeo, was born August 23. 182(5, in Cambria. Niagara 
Co.. N. Y. In May. l'S2it, his parents came to Michigan, and settled on a farm in Wash- 
ington Township, and afterward removed to St. Clair County. He was married, Januaiy 
25. 184(5. to Mary, daughter of Viras Wood; she was born in Washington Township Feb- 
ruary 1(), 1830. they have had nine children, as follows: Sally Ann. born March (>, 1847. 
maiTied Royal Beals. of Berlin, St. Clair County; Maria, born January 14, lN4y. now Mrs. 
Alonzo Hoover, of Berlin; Deborah, born October 17. 1S")2, died March 2, LS58; Ellen, 
born February 9. 18ri4, now Mi-s. Andrew Thompson, of Ray; Sarah T.. born May 17,18ri"), 
died March 2". l8f5rn Ira, July 81, 18(50; Isaac, July 2(5, 18fi2; George. February 5. 18(54; 
Samuel. December i, 18(59. Mr. Anderson has always been a Democrat. 

CHARLES F. APLING, P. O. Davis, was born September 1, 1884, in Seneca 
County, N. Y. ; is a son of Israel and Mary (Gilbert) Apling; the parents were natives of 
Pennsylvania, and went to Niagara County, N. Y., where they passed the remainder of 
their lives; his father died in 18."i9, aged sixty-five years; his mother, in 18(50. Mr. Ap- 
ling came to Michigan and settled in Ray Township in 185ri. He was married, November 
20. 18(50, to Emily E., daughter of Thomas and Sally A. Woodman, natives of New York, 
who came to Michigan in 1884 and settled on Section 80. in Ray Township: Mrs. Apling 
was born in Ray July 2(5, 1889; they have one child. Herman D.. born June (5, 18(58; 
Leslie L. was born in August. 18(52, and died September 80. 18(58: another child was born 
October 12, 18(58. and died August 21, 18(54: another child was born August 12. 1878. who 
did not live. Mr. Apling enlisted, at the time of the civil war. in the Thirtieth Michigan 
Volunteer Infantry, and was in service on the border of Canada. He belongs to the Ma- 
sonic order, Lodge No. (54, Macomb; in political faith, is a Republican. 

J. J. BENTLEY, P. O. Davis, was born April 28. 1829. in Richmond. Ontario Co.. 
N. Y. ; is a son of Preston D. and Sophia James Bentley: his parents were natives of Rhode 
Island; they came to Macomb County, where his father died in 18')1. aged sixty-three; his 
mother was married again, to Rev. J. E. Davis (see sketch of B. R. Davis), and died July 
19, 1879, aged eighty-five. Mr. Bentley, of this sketch, came to Michigan with his father 
in 1841. when twelve years of age. He was mai'ried. November 28. 1858. to Cynthia, 
daughter of Bissell Robinson, born September 29, 1884: her father was born in Massa- 
chusetts January 15, 1805, and came to Michigan in 1881. and is still living in Oxford. 
Oakland County; her mother was a native of New York, born February 9, 1811. and died 
March 10. 18()7. Mi". Bentley and wife have thi-ee children — Fred, born November 22, 
1857; Effie. June 11, 18(51 (Mrs. McGregor); Cora G., May 29, 18(5(>, resides at home. The 
family are members of the M. E. Church in Davis, Ray Township. Mr. Bentley sold his 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



farm in Ray, and owns a house and lot in Davis. He acts with the Republican party, 
and has served four years as Justice of the Peace. 

GIOOIMJK BOTTOMLEY, of Romeo, was born in Manchester, England. January '1\, 
1825, and was the son of .Enos and Mary Bi>ttora]ey; they moved from England in 1880, 
and came to Macomb County, where they settled on a farm in the township of Erin. He 
mai-ried Sarah Martin April 2, 1849; they had nine children, viz.: Mary Jane, born Feb- 
ruary 14, 1850, man-ied Joel Ingalsbee October 1, 1871, and now lives in Sanilac County; 
Sarah Maria, born September 8, 1857, married James Smith June 5, 1873, lives in Ray; 
Edwin Joseph, born July 2, 1853, married Anna Brothers January 2, 1878, resides at Chi- 
cago; Ellen, born August 23, 1855, man-ied "William Smith December 28, 1875, lives in 
Lapeer County; Hannah Clara, born September 21, 1857, man-ied John Varney January 24, 
1879, resides at Romeo: George Alfred, born January 17, 1860; William Charles, born 
November 2fi, ISfil: Walter John, born April 25, 18(54; Alice Elizabeth, born August 27, 
18r)(). Mr. Bottomley was drafted in 1S(U, and, but for a large family dependent upon him 
for support, would have gone to the war; he, however, fiu-nished a substitute, jiaying !j()50. 
Mr. Bottomley has always been a Republican; has been a member of the M. E. Church 
for thirty years, and has taken a prominent part as a class-leader, exhorter and Superin- 
tendent of the Sunday school. He moved to Ray and settled on his farm in Section 8, 
Rav Townshij), November 25, 18fi5, where he still resides. 

" ROBERT S. CAIRNS was born in Allegany County, N. Y., December 6, 1827; is a 
son of Robert B. and Susanna (Nephew) Cairns; his father was born in Seneca County, 
N. Y., April 5, 1798, and moved to Michigan about 18fil, where he died in December, 
1880; his mother died in 18(i(i. Mr. Cairns was married, March 6, 1852, to Mary Reed, 
who died February 24, 1880; they had ten children — John E., born June 8. 1853, resides in 
Kalamazoo, Mich.; Jane E., born June 25, 1855, man-ied BjTon Chm-ch January 7, 1875, 
lives in Richmond Township; Robert A., March 2, 1857, married Sophronia Pennock in 
November, 1878, resides in Oceana County, Mich. ; Clarence E., born January 1, 1859; 
Willard W., bom May 4, 18()1; Mary A, June 7, 1803; Eda E.. April 29, I8«i5, died, Au- 
gust 20, 18H<i; Charles and Charlotte (twins), born July 29, 18()7; Hattie L.. born January 
29, 1870. Mr. Cairns has always been a Republican, and has been actively engaged in 
the Methodist Church as a class-leader, and is a consistent member of that society. 

JOHN CALDWELL, P. O. Ray Center, was born October 3, 1845, in Ray. Macomb 
County; is the son of Jame? and Delight (Vitas) Caldwell, natives of Seneca County, N. Y. 
Mr. Caldwell was man-ied, January 1, 18H4, to Matilda, daughter of John and Louisa Smith, 
natives of New York; they have two children — Estella, born May 11, 18()5; and Flora, 
born October 1, 1878; George (North) Caldwell was born March 4, 1876, and adopted in 
1879. Mr. Caldwell is a Democrat in political faith, and owns a farm of 100 acres on 
Section 14, Ray Township. 

OSCAR CHAMBERLAIN, P. O. Ray Center, was born June 28, 1840; is the son of 
Charles W. and Dorothy (Thompson) Chamberlain, the former born in Michigan, the lat- 
ter in New York. In 1801, Mr. Chamberlain enlisted for the war of the rebellion, in 
Company A, Ninth Michigan Volunteer Infantry, organized at Detroit and ordered to re- 
port at West Point, Ky.; the regiment was in Buell's raid the next spring, and under 
Thomas until the expiration of its term of enlistment: Mr. Chamberlain was in action at 
Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 4, 1802, in the skirmish with Foster's cavalry; was wounded 
and taken prisoner; five entire companies were captured, the wounded paroled, officers 
and privates were held prisoners, the latter being sent to Camp Chase, Ohio; Mr. Cham- 
berlain's wound was in the left leg, below the knee; a spent ball went through his cap 
and made a cut in his head; he came home on a thirty-days" furlough; returned to Camp 
Chase, where he remained until exchanged. He was paid ofi" at Columbus, Ohio, and sent 



9 ^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



to Cincinnati, and thence to Bowling Green. Ky. : the regiment was next ordered to Stone 
River, Tenn.. where it was guarding supply trains and prisoners, and. after the tight, 
marched to the old Ceim])ing-ground at Murfreesboro. where it remained until the re-or- 
ganization of the army, and went into winter quartprs at Chattanooga; in the spring, the 
regiment Joined in the Georgia campaign, during whi«h its period of enlistment expired. 
Ml'. Chamljerlain was mustered out of service October !.">. 18()4, and returned to his home. 
He was married. March 1, lS(>r>. to Julia Shattuck; their four childi'en were born as fol- 
lows: Eugene. May 2H, 18(>7; Charles. October 'I'4, 187(1; Lily. August 15. 1873: Mary 
J.. March 10, 1877. Mr. Chamberlain owns thirty acres of land on Sections 1") and "-'8, 
in Ray Township; he is a Republican in political views, and is Postmaster of Ray. 

ENOCH CRAWFORD, P. O. Mead, was born October Ifi, 18lZ6, in Cohocton. N. Y.; 
is a son of Enoch and Content (Parks). Crawford; he came to Michigan with his father -July 
2, 1884: the latter located a farm of Government land in Section 3(). a section of the town- 
ship known as the Crawford settlement, having been settled by different members of the 
family. February 18, 1851, Mr. Crawford, of this sketch, was married toMary B.Ben- 
nett; they have seven children, born as follows; Omar, August ".^5, 1852, married Louisa, 
daughter of Richard and Barbary Butler; Rollin, October 9, 185;-i; Mary, July 14, 1851), 
married to George Gantield; Burton, August 9, 1859; JohnB., September 15, 18li4; Fanny, 
January 81, 18(i7; Hiram. November 28. 18()9. Mr. Crawford's father bought his land of 
the Government; he settled in that pai't of Ray known as Crawford settlement; he died 
May 20, 1872; his wife. December 7, 1869. Mr. Crawford belongs to the pioneer element 
of Ray: he is a Democrat in politics, but votes according to his judgment; he owns 115 
acres of land on Section 8H. 

WILSON CRONK, P. O. Romeo, was born Mai'ch 18, 1822, in Pittstown, Rensselaer 
Co., N. Y. ; is the son of James and Laura (Wilson) Cronk; his parents went to Otsego 
County, N. Y., and when he was ten years old, they moved to Perinton, Monroe Co.. N. 
Y., and in 1854 he came to Michigan, and settled where he now resides in December. 1855. 
He was married, in April, 1851, to Jeanette Cronk, who died December 1, 1858, and was 
married again, February 19, 1855, to Julia, daughter of George S. Collins, of Perinton, 
N. Y. : they have two children — Carrie, born October 22, 1857; and Lovilla M.. October 
10, 18')0. Mr. Cronk is a Republican, and has held the office of Commissioner in Ray 
Township. 

DAVID T. CHUBB, P. O. Ray Center, was born November 17. 1881, at Ray Center, 
Macomb County; he is a son of Joseph and Maria Stevens Chubb. He was mar- 
ried, September 24, 1864, to Mary Jane, daughter of Parker Hart; they have six childi-en, 
born as follows; Fred L., September 5, 18(')(); Ai-chie, July 12, 18()8; Chettie, May 2<, 
1872; Lena, April 22. 187(); Henry J., August 28, 1878;" L. Guy, July 7, 1881. Mr. 
Chubb was formerly a Democrat, but, since the election of Lincoln, has been a Repub- 
lican. He lives on the family homestead with his mother. Maria (Stevens) Chubb was 
born in Chateaugay, Franklin Co., N. Y.. May 12. 180(); she accompanied a brother-in- 
law to Michigan mthe spring of 1825. and settled on Section 22, Ray Township, May 8. 
She was man-ied. May 20. lS27, to Joseph Chubb, who died May 27, 1889; they had six 
childi-en, whose record is as follows: Lucinda, born June (, 1828, man-ied Elias Lee 
January 7. 184(), and lives in Ray; Lucretia, born January 4, 1880, married Daniel 
Tewksbury and lives in Ray; David T. (see sketch): Polly A., born August 24. 1884, 
married, Attgust 22, 18fil, to Cornelius Virgil, of Romeo (see sketch); Elijah N., born 
January 81. 1887, married Emma Tewksbury and resides at Utica Junction; Edwin C, 
born January 2, 1840, married Ai-abella Robinson August 17, 18(i2, and lives in Ray. 
Mrs. Chubb is a member of the Baptist Church of Ray, built about 1837; her early expe- 
riences in Michigan were those of the pioneers of that day. In moving from Mt. Clemens 



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HISTOKY OF MAC0M15 COUNTY. 



to Ray. they were obliged to cnt roads through the forest, build bridges, and where they 
settled it was primeval wilderness — not a stick had been previously cut. 

MARIA CURTIS, P. O. Romeo, was born in Saratoga County, N. Y., November 11, 
1797: she is the daughter of John andOdra (Simons) Fillmore, and was married, June IH, 
[8'21, to Asa Curtis; they came to Michigan September ;i(l, \H'-il\, and took a farm, where 
they remained until the death of Mr. Curtis, March IT), 1S()7. Mrs. Cm-tis is eighty- four 
years old, and is still an active, energetic person; she has been the mother of ten chikh-en, 
born as follows: Marietta, January !•), 1828; Louisa, October IT), 1824, died December 
14, 1856: William W.. October 21, 182(); Clarissa, January 31, 1829; Edwin Mar, May 21, 
ISlU; Harriet, April 10, 1838, died August 24, 18-"j4: Caroline, March 28, 183r); Sylves- 
ter, Ajiril 28, 1887, died July 14, 1887; James A., June 4, 1888; Matilda, born and died 
October 2, 1840. Mr. and Mrs. Curtis are meml)ers of Christ Church; also their daughter. 
Marietta; the latter o.\ns a farm of fifty acros on Section 4, Ray, and her mother resides 
with her. 

BELA R. DAVIS, P. O. Davis, was born in Covington, Genesee Co., N. Y., Jiily 24, 
1829; in the spring of 1848, he came to Michigan with his parents; his father, Jonathan 
E. Davis, was born in Hubbardton, Worcester Co., Mass. , February 1. 1788 (Bela R. went 
to California in November, 1852, and remained until June, 185(5), and now lives with his 
Sons; he is one of the oldest Methodist ministers in the State; was licensed to preach in 
1815, and was traveling preacher frem that date to 1848; he is ninety-four years old, and 
the oldest Mason in the State; was installed in 1818. Mr. Davis, of this sketch, was mai'- 
ried, in April, 1852, to Harriet, daughter of Duncan Gass; they have had six children — 
Belle S.. born March 2, 1858. died November 5, 1877; Milo W., April 24, 1857; Fred G., 
November 4, 1859; Ella B.. December Ki, 18(12, died Augxist 9, 1878; Willie. April 19, 
18()5, died August K), ISGC); Hattie E., July 24, 187('). Mr. Davis is a Reimblican, and 
has always taken an active part in jjolitics; has been elected Justice of the Peace three 
terms. He enlisted, in September, 1862, in the Twenty-second Michigan Volunteer In- 
fantry, and was discharged for disability in December following; he was appointed Post- 
master of Davis in March, 1876, and still holds the office; he and his wife are active 
members of the M. E. Church. 

JOHN DICKENS. P. O. Davis, was born in Shropshire, England, about 1811. He 
emigrated to America about 1827. and first settled near the Catskill Mountains, in New 
York. He moved to Michigan in the spring of 1882, and located on Section IS, in Ray, 
where he now resides; he received his deed from President Jackson. He was married, 
about 1881, to Jemima Gass: she was born in New York, and died in 185U; they have 
had eight children; Andrew, Nelson, Charlotte and Lewis are dead; John man'ied Alice 
Bannister and resides in Brooklyn; Andrew married Eleanor Skellinger and resides in 
Ionia County, Mich,; William married America Harris, and is now County Clerk, and 
resides at Mt. Clemens ; Jane married Mr. Crawford, and resides in Ionia County. Mr. 
Dickens is inde[)endent in political action, but inclines to Democratic principles; has 
held several township offices. 

ARAD FREEMAN. P. O. Romeo, was born in Onondaga County Co., N. Y., Febru- 
ary 2(), 1N15; he is the son of Benjamin and Hannah Green Freeman; the family went to 
Ontario County, N. Y, and came to Michigan June 1, 1825, buying a fann in Section 5, 
Ray Township; the mother died in March, 1852, an 1 the father died about three years 
later. In 1888, Mr. Freeman married Catherine Jewell, and began life as a pioneer in 
the wilderness, fifteen miles from Grand Rapids; a year later, he moved to this county 
and bought a farm on Section 1(), Ray Township, where he has since resided; his father 
built the first house and barn in Ray. and he built the first house and barn in his section; 
he contributed largely to the building of the Union Chiu'ch in Ray, and became a member 



^^ 



fk 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



of the same. Mr. and Mrs. Freeman have two children — Lucius L.. born May 20, 1841, 
and was mamed to Adelaide Thompson; he was married a second time, to HattieWaiTen, 
and lives in Pontiac, Mich. ; Elvira A., born December 'iS, 1846, lives at home. 'Mr. Free- 
man was a Whig, and has since voted with the Republican party; he has been Justice of 
the Peace for three years; he was a practical miller twenty years. 

MOSES FREEMAN, about the year 17()0, left his native country with his wife and 
four young sons, to make a home on the American continent; the little vessel in which 
they sailed was his own, and. after a long and perilous voyage, they landed at Cape Cod 
Bay, and settled at Chatham, Conn. ; the father made his family as comfortable as possi- 
ble, and left them for another seafaring trip, which he ]>romised should be his last, in- 
tending, on his return, to sell his vessel and enter upon a farmer's life; he never retiu-ned; 
but a wreck, with a blanket marked with his name, was fotmd. which told the story of his 
fate. The mother struggled, for her children's sake, to live and care for them, but died 
in a short time, and the four sons were separated and pilaced in the care of kind families, 
losing, eventually, all trace of each other. Joseph Freeman, the youngest, was taken by 
a family named Newman, by whom he was brought up with religious care; he joined the 
M. E. Church while yoiing, and remained a zealous member more than fifty years. In 
ITlin, he married Silvia Newman and went to Vermont, where he lived for twenty years, 
and then removed to Pompey, Onondaga Co. , N. Y. ; he remained there nearly ten years, 
but, not being able to obtain land, Joseph Freeman and his son Benjamin, with Edward 
Steward and John Howell, removed with their families to Richmond, Ontario Co., N. Y. , 
where they piu'chased land articles and held them for four years. Asahel and Chauncy 
Bailey had previously removed to Romeo, Macomb Co., Mich., and there their favorable 
report induced the father and son Benjamin to sell their articles of land and move to 
Michigan; they came in 1824, when the Territory was nearly all a howling wilderness; 
they went to Buffalo with teams, and drove a flock of sheep. Moses Freeman, the younger 
son, in company with two sons of Albert Finch, was sent through Canada the fall before 
with the cattle and a span of horses; they wore seven days crossing the lake to Detroit; 
came to Romeo, and soon after bought farms. Joseph Freeman settled near Farrar's Mill. 
Benjamin located near Gray's Mill, in Ray — the first settlers east of Romeo. Joseph 
Freeman had seven daughters and three sons — CjTithia married Asahel Bailey (see sketch 
of Romeo); Benjamin N., born in 1791, mari-ied Hannah Green; they had ten children, 
nine of whom survive; came to Michigan in 1824; died in 1854; Clary, born in 1793, mar- 
ried Edward Steward; had eight children; came to Michigan in 1.82(i; died in 1867; 
Phcebe, born in 1796, married Job Howell; had foiu- children; came to Michigan in 1826; 
died in 1865: Moses, born in 180], married Ann Powell; had foiu- ehildi-en; came to 
Michigan in 1828; died in 1871; Amanda, born in ISOIJ, is yet living; came to Michigan 
in 1824: Sarah, born in 180."), mamed John Pi'oc tor; had seven children; came to Mich- 
igan in 1824; died in 18()2; Marilla, born in 1805, still living; married John Rattery; 
came to Michigan in 1824; Mila, born in 1808, married John Warner; had live children; 
came to Michigan in 1824; he is still living. Matilda, born in 1812, died in 1832; came 
to Michigan in 1824: married Dr. Carpenter; Amos N., born in 18ir), married Maria 
Fralich; they had five children; came to Michigan in 1824: still living. Oran Freeman 
is the son of' Benjamin Freeman. Joseph Freeman was born in 176/, and died in 182."): 
his wife was born in 1769 and died in 1831. 

GEORGE W. GARVIN was born August 26, 1835, in the town of ■\\'ashington, Ma- 
comb County, Stat"^ of Michigan: he is the son of Anch-ew Stitt, who married Rhoda In- 
man in the year 1812, in the State of New York, and moved to the State of Michigan (or 
Territory) in the year 1827, and settled in the town of Washington; his wife, Rhoda, died 
September 3, 1835; George was then adojated by Nathaniel and Lydia Garvin, who were 



r^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



settled on Section 21, iu the town of Ray. Mr. Garvin was married, January 19, 1861. to 
Elizabeth Ackerman ; they have five children — Nellie F. , born June 1 3, 1 SCi'I ; Julia E. , April 
3(1. 18f>4: M. Jennie, January 14, ISCC); Wynne C, December 8, 18(>7; Emilia B., April 
23. 1874. j\Ir. Garvin, of this sketch, succeeded to the possession of the farm of 100 acres, 
on which he now lives, in ISfil; he has always been a Republican, and has been Consta- 
ble for twenty-one years, and has held the office of Treasiu-er and Clerk of the town; he is 
a member of the Christian Union Chiu-ch. and has taken an active interest in religious 
and Sunday school work. Mrs. Garvin's mother, Emilia Ackerman, is now living with 
them; she is eighty-two years old, having lived in Michigan fifty-seven years. 

JAMES GASS. P. O. Davis, youngest son of John Gass, was born January fS, 1823. 
in Lexington. Greene Co., N. Y, ; his fattier was born in ITTfi, and had fourteen sons; he 
came to Michigan in July, 1837, bought the property of Eli Webster on Section 30, in 
Ray, where he died December 17, 18<U, aged eighty-eight; his wife was born September 
25, 184(1, and died in April, 1881. Mr. Gass, of this sketch went to Osceola, where he 
lived eight years, and then settled on the northwest corner of Section 32, and bought a 
store in Brooklyn. He was married, January 2'), 1843, to VeloriaM., daughter of Orsel 
Dudley, of "Washington: they have had ten children — Belle L. , born June 12, 1844, died 
August 17, 1864: Lucinda Y., born June 15. 1840, died September 21, 18()4: Rebecca, 
born August 23, 1848, married Rev. Alonzo Whitcomb and resides at L'Anse, Upper Pen - 
insula: North, Februaiy 10, 1851. married Florence Baker and resides in Oakland County; 
Victoria E., November 3, 1853, married Charles E. Waffle, of Evart. Osceola County: East, 
June 19, 1856, married Elena Miller, of Macomb; South, June 15, I860, died May 7, 1862; 
Lydia L., October 16. 1S63: South West. January 15, 1S(;6; Kitty J.. June 5. 18()g. 
The three last named reside at home. Until the civil war, Mr. Gass was a Republican, 
and since then has been a Prohibitionist: was a zealous adherent of the anti-slavery ele- 
ment: he has held the positions of Constable and Treasurer a number of years past. Mr. 
and Mrs. Gass are members of the M. E. Chtu-ch. 

JOHN GASS, P. O. Davis, son of John Gass, was born in Lexington. Greene Co.. N. 
Y., October 13, 1808. He came to Michigan November 14, 183(\ and made his home with 
Daniel Haydens, of Ray, and, in June, 1832. settled on Section 29. Ray Township, his 
present residence. He was married to Margaret, daughter of Andi'ew Stitt, who settled 
in Michigan in 1825: they have had nine childi-en, as follows: Andrew J., born Decem- 
ber ](■), 1836, married Mary Richards, of Illinois: James H., born March 15, 1839, died 
September 3, 1861; Lorenzo W. , born February 9, 1M41, married Cynthia Thompson, of 
Lapeer; Herschel R. and Marshall T. (twins), born March 7, 1844: Marshall married Grace 
Bussy and lives at Flint; Herschel lives at Jonesville; John Wesley, born May 13, 1846, 
married Sarah A Sutton, of Romeo; Rhoda A., born August 7, 1S48. married Samuel N. 
Gass. of New York, who was killed November 9, 1881, at Hazelton's Mill; lives in Ray, 
Sarah J., born April N. 1850, man-ied Truman Gass, of Ray; Frances M., born March 19, 
1852, married John Switzer, of Disco. Mr. Gass has always been a Republican. He and 
his wife have been members of the M. E. Chiu-ch for more than forty years. Mr. Gass 
left the Empire Slate when there were but fifteen miles of railroad in the United States: 
he started on foot, and walked most of the way to Buffalo: he has encountered all the 
privations and hardships of a pioneer life. 

JACOB GOODELL. P O. Ray Center, was born December 11, 1S33. in the town- 
ship of Darien, Genesee Co., N. Y. : he is a son of John Goodell, and accompanied his [)ar- 
ents to Michigan in 1S37. In 1.S62, he enlisted as a soldier in the civil war, in Company 
D, Eighth Michigan Cavalry; after a year's service, he was raised to the rank of Second 
Lieutenant in Company M. and, five months later, was promoted to First Lieutenant of 
Company H; his regiment was in service three years, and was mustered out July 20, 1865, 



'J^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



at Pulaski, Tenn. Mr. Goodell was married, January 1, 18<V2, to Hannah Lee; they have 
two childi'en — Theda, born June 1, 18H7; and Flora, September 3(1, 1809. Mr. Groodell is 
a Democrat in political faith. 

ABIAL B. GREEN, P. O. Mead, son of Francis and Polly (Stevens) Green, of New 
York State, was born January 10, 1832; his parents immigrated to Michigan about the 
year 1S47, and located a farm in Ray Township. Mr. Green married Louisa De GroflF 
February 1, 1855, and located on his present farm. Section 34, Ray. in the spring of 1856; 
the family comprises six childi-en — John H. , a resident of Ray; Emily, wife of Ales Me - 
Innes. of Ray; Adelbert, Ada, Gertrude and Carrie. The political faith of Mr. Green is 
Republican. 

ALLEN HAZELTON, P. O. Ray Center, was born October 21, 1830, in Canada; is 
a son of Ransom and Polly (Whiting) Hazelton; his parents came toMichigan in March, 
183fi, and settled in Aurelius Township, Ingham County; thirteen years later, in the 
spring of 1849, they moved to Ray and located on Section 21, where the mother died De- 
cember 27, 1852. Mr. Hazelton was man'ied, January 1, 1854; he has a family of 
three childi'en — Parsons, born April 17, 1858, married Austin P. Gofl', at Oxford. 
Oakland County: Zelia P., born November 1, 185(); and William S., born Mai'ch 12, 1877. 
In 1854, Mr. Hazelton located on Section 10, in Ray; moved to Section 23. and thence to 
Section 30, Riley Township; he went from there to Lenox Township, Section 21; thence 
to Section 18, Washington; and next engaged in keeping a store at Ridgeway Corners; he 
next moved to Section 1, Lenox, then to Section 3. Raisin Township, Lenawee County; 
thence to Section 10, Hudson; thence to Tecumseh, and tinally to his present location. 
His farm includes 110 acres on Section 23, in Ray Township, Mr. Hazelton is a Repub 
lican, and has been Commissioner and Justice of the Peace in Ray. 

JOHN HOOVER. P. O. Davis, was born in Seneca County, N. Y., November 1(5, 
1810; is a son of John and Mary B. (Singer) Hoover; his parents were natives of Pennsyl- 
vania, and, early in life, settled in the State of New York; his father died at the age of 
sixty-one years. Mr. Hoover cartie to Michigan in September, 1850, and settled on a farm 
in Shelby; in 18()7, he moved to his present home, on Section 31, in Ray. He was mar- 
ried, December 11, 1834, to Fanny, daughter of John and Nancy Guamsey; her parents 
were natives of England; she was born August 30, ISll. Mrs Hoover died, and Mr. 
Hoover was married, January 30, 1842, to Elizabeth, daughter of David and Elizabeth 
Fesler. Following is the record of children born to Mr. Hoover: John G., October 5, 
1835; Mary, wife of Samuel Apling December 12, 183(5; Nancy, August 15, 1838; Jeffer- 
son, September 24, 1844, died in Missouri November 28. LS71; Cordelia, August 19, 184(>; 
Emma C, March 25, 1852, died July 8, 1854; Henry D., July 3, 1854, died January 4, 
1870; Sarah A., Mi's. Joseph Ackei'man, February 2, 18(33. Mr. Hoover is a Republican 
in political sentiment; he owns a line place, with residence, in Davis, Ray Township. 
Mrs. Hoover belongs to the M. E. Chiux-h. 

ELIJAH W. HOWE, P. O. Davis, was born March 29, 1823, in Marcellus, N. Y., and 
went with his parents to Monroe County, N. Y., and, in the fall of 1830, to Oakland 
County, Mich. ; six years after, he went to Lapeer County, and from there to Macomb 
County, settling on Section 27, in Ray Township, in 184(). He was married. May 30, 
184(3, to Jane Miller; they have two children — Precontia, born April 30, 1848, mamed 
Joy Warner and resides in Ray; and Elva, born October 24, 1852, married John M. Green 
and resides on the home farm. Mr. Howe is a member of the M. E. Church, and has been 
a local preacher twenty years; he is a Republican in political views. Mrs. Howe is a na- 
tive of New York, and came to Macomb County when but three years of age; her parents 
settled on the place where is now her residence; she belongs to the M. E. Chiuch. 

WATSON W. LYONS, P. O. Davis, was born in Ray Township September 26, 



"Pv 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



1S89; liio father. William Lyons, came from New York in the fall of 1S37, and settled on 
Section 33; he died in August, 1S4(). aged thirty-four years; his wife is still living on 
the homestead. In 1S7(>, he commenced operating in insurance business, and, in 1S7"2. 
was appointed Deputy Secretary of Macomb ;ind St. Clair County Fire Insurance Com- 
pany; in June, 1S74, was elected Secretarj'. and still holds the position. Mr. Lyons is a 
Democrat; has been Road Commissioner and Constaljle several terms, and now holds the 
office of Supervisor. 

JOHN McCAFFERTY, P. O. Romeo, is a son of John and Fanny (McManegal) Me- 
Cafferty; bis father was one of the earliest settlers in the township of Bruce, where he 
located in the fall of 1N2(5. Mr. MeCafferty was born October 20. 1S8S. and lived at home 
until the age of twenty-one, when he settled in Armada. January 1-1. 1S()2, he was mar- 
ried to Louisa, daughter of Horatio Hulett. of Armada. In ilarch, 1S78, he moved to his 
present farm on Section 1), Ray Township; he has always voted the Democratic ticket. 

JOHN McINNIS. P. O. Davis, was born in Ireland March IT). 1821. He came to 
Canada in 1S2S, and remained there until INC),"), when he settled in his present location, on 
Section 21, in Ray Township, on a portion of the Joseph Chubb estate. He was maiTie<3. 
January fi. isr)3, to Susan Hogg, a native of Canada. Following is the record of their 
nine children: Margaret J., born November 22. ISW^. married Alfred Bliss and resides 
in Benzie County; James A., born March (>, IS,"),"), married Emma Green and resides in 
Ray Township; Thomas K.. boi-n March 24, 1^57; Mathew H., born November 2S. IS.^S, 
died December 22. ISliO; Rachel A., born May 5, LSfil; Susan, August 1, lSfi2; Charlotte 
E., January IS, INC)"); John H.. born December 2S, 1,SC)S. Mr. and Mrs. Mclnnis are 
members of the Congregational Chm'ch. and were actively interested in building the church 
at Ray Corners. Mr. Mclnnis is a Republican, and is at present Road Commissioner. 

MRS. MARIA J. NYE was born July S, 1SH7; she is the daughter of Ira and Betsey 
Virgil. Mrs. Nye was a native of the State of New York; she came to Michigan in 1S."]2, 
and was married. December 7, IN-")*), to Ezra Nye. of Ray. Mi\ Nye was born October 
1(1, 1N3C), and died October 9, ISSl. on the farm on which he was born, at the age of 
forty-five; he was the son of Heman and Mary Ann Nye; they were natives of the State 
of New York. Ezra Nye was a Republican, and held the office of Town Clerk, to which 
he was elected in ISIil, ten years, with the e.xception of two years within that time; he 
was elected Supervisor in 1S71. and held the position ten years. Mr. and Mrs. Nye had 
eight children, born as follows: Burt, born May 13, 1S.")S; Mary, born July 10, IS")'.), 
married to Arthur Flint October ."), IN'U; May, born March 11, 1S()2; Frank, born Januarv 
23, 1SC)4; Fred, born November N, 1SC)S; Ofive, born September 14, 1870, died May 19, 
1S71; Olive (second), born September 13, 1875; Ivy, born November 21, 1876. Mrs. Nye 
owns a farm of 180 acres, situated on Sections 17, 20 and 21. 

THOMAS PAINE, P. O. Davis, was born November 0, 1S0(), in the State of New 
York; is a son of Thomas and Sally Hartman Paine; the parents were natives of New York. 
In 1832, he came to Michigan with his mother, his father having previously died, Thomas 
took up four lots of Grovornment land — two for his mother and two for himself; it was in 
the heart of the wilderness; not a tree had fallen by the white man's ax, and they were 
obliged to cut a road to reach their possessions. Mr. Paine has experienced all the vicis- 
situdes of the Michigan pioneer in the Territorial days. He was married, in 1832, to Eliz- 
abeth, daughter of Duncan and Margaret McGregor, natives of Scotland; Mrs. Paine was 
born in Greene County, N. Y. ; they have had seven children, born as follows: Duncan, 
September 4, 1833 (see sketch); Benjamin, July IS. 183(); Sarah, May IS, 1838; Ran- 
som, November 14, 1840; James. November 1, 1S42; Zaohary, July 2"), lS4."n Margaret A., 
February 25, lSr)3. Ransom was a soldier in the civil war, and died in the hospital at 




Murfreesboro, Tenn., of typhoid fever, January 17, 1862. Mr. and Mrs. Paine are mem- 
bere of the M. E. Church; he is a Republican; owns a line farm of I'iO acres. 

DUNCAN PAINE, P. O. Davis, son of the above, was married, June "iS, 1,S()8. to 
Alvira. daughter of Crosby and Olive Wilber Gregory, natives of New York: they have 
four children — Jesse M., born May II, 1S(U): Olive E.. August 18, 1871; Lewis C. Decem- 
ber 7, 1878; Ida M., February "io. 1S7<>. Mr. Paine is a Republican, and owns lOO acres 
of land on Sections li) and "ilt. 

NELSON PERRY, son of John and Rebecca King Perry, was born May 9, 1808, in 
Saratoga County, N. Y. ; his parents moved to Seneca County, N. Y., where they passed 
the remainder of their lives. In the spring of 1888. Mr. Perry came to Michigan and 
settled where he now resides, on Section 1, Ray Township. He was married, in 1881. 
to Aiu-elia Clark, who died July 2'.). 188o, leaving one child. Clark, born November 22. 
1882; he maiTied S;u'ah Powell and lives in Lynn, St. Clair County. Mr. Perry was mar- 
ried a second time, to Susan Burlson, February 18, 188U; they have five children — Min- 
erva, born June 4, 1841, married Henry Ward October 5, 1861 : Lucy, April 8, 1843, mar- 
ried Archibald Powell November 12. 18r)S: Manley, August 18, 1846, married Emily Butter- 
held: John S., February 26,1848, married Sarah Cooley January 1, 1S()S; Phoebe J., Jan- 
uary 12. 18r)4, married Thomas Benson July 8. LS6y, died January It, LSSO. All the 
chilcb'en are living on or near the home farm. Mr. Perry has always been an adherent of 
the Democratic party. 

D. S. PRIEST was born August 7. 1S14. at Arlington, Beuniagton Co., Vt. ; he is 
the son of Thomas Priest and Marj^ Ann Squires; his parents moved to Monroe County, 
N. Y., when ]ie-'Was""iive" years of age: they gave him a good common-school education, 
and, at the age of nineteen, he commenced teaching school winters and working on the 
fann in summer for fourteen years, and boarded around the most of the time. He lived 
in the State of New York until he was twenty-four years old, when he moved to Michigan 
and bought a farm on Section 8, in the township of Ray, in the fall of 1887. He was 
mairied, September 28, 1S41. to Charity, daughter of Isaac Thompson; they have had 
three children — Chester S. Priest, born March 12. 1848. married to Mary Adelia Allen in 
January, 186S,and now lives on the homestead; Laiu-a C. Priest, born November 20. iSlil. 
died February 28, 18r)0; MvTonD.. bom August 1, 18r)8, and died March 27. 186U. Mr. 
Priest was an old-time Whig, and was in the merging of the political issues which signal- 
ized the end of the party: he became a Republican; lie took an active part in politics, and 
was elected a Re])resentative in the State Legislature from Macomb County in the fall of 
186U, and again in 1871: he held that office two terms, in all, four years, accejttably to his 
constituents. When he first came to Michigan to live, he was elected fi-om time to time 
School Insjaector. and Justice of the Peace for many years, regardless of party ascendency ; 
they also elected him Supervisor from time to time for thirteen years: he has been one of 
the Directors of the Farmers' Mutual Fire Insm-ance Company of Macomb and St. Clair 
Counties for several years, and is now Chairman of the board. He is a farmer, and they 
own 211 acres of valuable and finelv improved land. 

THOMAS READ, P. O. Romeo, was born on the Isle of Ely September 22. 180,"); he 
is the son of Thomas and Elizabeth Read, natives of England. He was married to Sarah 
Poole in April. 1827: they had one child. Maiy Ann, born January .">, 1828. who died in 
1848. Mr. Read piu-sued the occupation of farrier in all its branches while in England. 
He left his native country for America in June. 1884, landing in New York; he settled in 
Lockwood, N. Y., and. the same fall, moved to Michigan and located in Erin. Macomb 
County, where he resided for thirty-three years, and. January 81. 1867. removed to his 
farm on the southeast quarter of Section 4. in Ray. containing ninety-seven acres. He 
was married again, to Ann. daughter of vEneas and Maiy Gibson Bottomly. of Yorkshire. 



it \ ' 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Enf^land; they have had six children, born as follows: Joseph, September 29, 1840, died 
in ISfif); Sarah, born September 12. 1841, married Nicholas Smith and lives in Illinois; 
Thomas, born August 11, 1844, married Mary Amine;; she left two children at her death; 
her husband married Alice Freeman and now lives in Ray; Elizabeth, born December 2:^, 
1847. married P. B. Cade, of Ray Township. Mr. Read voted one Democratic ticket in 
this country, then acted with the Whigs and Free-Soil pai'ty until the organization of the 
Republican party, when he became an adherent of that political element; he has held the 
position of Constable several successive years; he was one of the signers of the petition 
to Congress for the admission of Michigan as a State; he was foiToerly a Methodist, and, 
during his membership, held the office of Steward, and took an active part as a class- 
leader; he is now a member of the Christian Chm-ch: Mr. Read was a Presbyterian in 
early life, but now belongs to the Christian society. 

' NORiMAN REMINGTON was born April 4, 1818, in Mom-oe County. N. Y ; is the son 
of Daniel and Hannah (De Groif) Remington, natives of Connecticiit; they settled in 
Niagara, N. Y., where the mother died in l8:^tt, and soon after, the father, with his son 
Norman, came to Michigan, where they took up a farm in Washington Township, and 
another on Section 18, in Ray Township. His father was married again, in Mich- 
igan, to Hannah Shepard, since deceased. Norman Remington was married, in 
184(), to Polly Gass; they have seven children — R. J. (see sketch); Rufus E. , born 
February 2, 18r)2; Elvira; Palmyra, February 2, 18fiO; Harriet. 1859, died February 4, 
18(U; Arthitr, 1S()1, died in 1804; Elmer, November 9, 1867. All were married but 
Elmer. Mr. Remington is a Republican in jwlitical faith. Daniel Remington died at 
ninety-six years of age; he was a smart, active man. and died from the effects of an in- 
jury in a saw-mill from a Hying slab. 

R. J. REMINGTON, P. O. Romeo, sou of Norman and Polly Gass Remington, was 
born February 4, 1849. Was married, October 17, 1877, to Ellen, daughter of Reuben 
and Fanny Cole, born December 4. 1852. They have had two childi-en — Leroy, born 
September ;^0, 1878, died September 5, 1881; and Nellie, born August 23, 1881. Mr. 
Remington owns a farm of 1()() acres, and is a Republican in politics. 

DONALD RCJBERTSON, M. D., P. O. Armada, was born in Aberfeldie, Scotland. 
November 14, 1822; is a son of Robert and Susan (McDonald) Robertson. He received 
his medical education at Edinbm'gh in the medical college under the instruction of Profs. 
Knox, Jamison and others, and received his diploma in 1840. He was maiTied, August 
24 , 1840, to Catherine, daughter of William and Isabella Fogo, who accompanied her to 
America. After he graduated, he went on a voyage to China and Hindostan. and while 
on the voyage discovered the cause of the aurora borealis. He sailed with his family for 
America in 1849, and arrived in the port of New York. He came to Michigan the same 
year and settled at Gray's Mill, in Ray, where he practiced his profession two years, and 
then settled on his present farm on Sections 11 and 12; he owns 250 acres of land, well 
improved, with a saw-mill and stave and heading manufactory; he has retired from the 
practice of his profession, and devotes his time to his agricultiu-al and other interests. 
They have two children —Robert, born in Scotland Avigust 11, 1848, married Irene Rich- 
ards and is a hardware merchant iu Ai'mada; William, born August 18, 1854. Mr. Rob- 
ertson was a Democrat when he came to this country, but the slavery question changed his 
views, and he has voted latterly with the Republicans. Dr. Robertson has held the office 
of Commissioner one year. Mr. Robertson and wife were members of the Presbyterian 
Church in Scotland, and ]\Irs. Robertson united with the Congregational Chm-ch at Ar- 
mada about twenty years ago. 

JOSIAH T. ROBINSON, P. O. Romeo, was born January 2, 1807, in the township 
and county of Otsego, N, Y. ; is the son of David and Cattern (Tripp) Robinson; the latter 



i "V 



t 



te- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



was daughter of Lot Tripp. He married Roxada Nye January "^(5, 1S2V(, and, in May, 
1831, he moved to Deti-oit; he then located two miles from Brooklyn, Macomb County, 
where he remained one year, and removed to Hanscom's Corners and kept a public house 
a year; dui'ing the winter of 188."i-8<i. he went East, retm'niug in the spring, and, -July 
'2(), 18>i(), bought his present farm, on Section 21, Ray Towushiji; he moved to Armada 
October 12, 1888, and opened a hotel and grocery, where he remained eight years; in 
March, 1846, he went to his farm. and. five years later, to the village of Baltimore; after 
a stay of over two years, he took up his residence again on his farm. Mrs. Robinson died 
April 21, 1881, leaving three children — Mortimer, born July 15, 1829, married Martha 
Heath and resides in Armada; Ruth, born July ."), 188"2. married Charles R. Corey and 
resides in Ray; Arabella, born February 2, 1845, married Edwin C. Chubb and resides on 
her father's homestead. Mr. Robinson cast his hrst vote for .Indrew Jackson, and voted 
the Democratic ticket until 185(), when he voted for John C. Fremont, and has acted with 
the Republicans until the last Presideutial election, when he voted for James B. Weaver. 
For the last twenty-nine years he has been a strict temperance man, and, with the excep- 
tion of one year, has held colmty or township offices. In 1872. he moved to Now Haven, 
where he was elected Justice of the Peace, and remained two years: he has been engaged in 
the practice of law in this county for thirty years He has been a believer many years in the 
theory of mind controlling mind at any distance. When he came to this county, he was 
entirely destitute of means, but. by thrift and energy, has worked his way, until he owns 
3(111 acres of land. He was made a Mason in 1888. and is now a member of the Romeo 
Chapter. 

JOHN N. SELLECK, P. O. Romeo, son of Jonas and Rhoda Nickols Selleck, was 
born February 17, 1808, at Middlebui-y, Genesee Co., N. Y. ; about 181(i, his parents weut 
to Avon, Livingston Co. NY. Mr. S. went to Honeoye Falls, and there learned the trade of 
carpenter and joiner; in the spring of 1837, he moved to the place of his present home, 
on Section 5, Ray Township. He was married, in the spring of 1841, to Lucinda ]VL 
Davis, who was born July 2(5, 181(). and died October 15, 1844. Mi'. Selleck was again 
married, November 20, l849, to Delia, daughter of Col. Norman Perry; they have had 
six children — Auston, born December 14, 1850, died February 17, 1876; Susan L., born 
November 28, 1852; Harvey, born February 15, 1855, resides in Wisconsin; Rhoda B., 
born April 17, 1857, married Bruce Rowley and resides at Yankton, D. T. ; Hattie E., 
born August 28, 1859; Charles, bom December 6, 1861, lives in Wisconsin. About 1852, 
Mr. Selleck commenced keeping a public house, which he managed twenty-five years, on 
temperance principles; he has been Postmaster for six years; he was a Democrat by in- 
heritance, but, since the organization of the Republican party, he has been one of its ad- 
herents; he has acted as Chairman on the Committee on Bread, Butter, Cheese, etc., at the 
Macomb County Agricultural Fairs for more thau twenty years in succession and was, by 
vote of the society, tendered a diploma for long and faithful services. 

MRS. AUGUSTA SHELDEN, daughter of Harvey Parish, of Vermont, was born May 
28, 1883, in Portville, Cattaraugus Co., N. Y. She accompanied her parents to this 
county in L848. where she attended school, under the tuition of Dr. Chapman, of Balti- 
more, Mich., and Prof. Alonzo M. Keeler, of Armada, Prof. Stone and wife, of Oberlin, 
Ohio. At the age of twenty, she entered the normal school at Ypsilanti, under the care 
of Profs. Welsh. Sill, Mayhew and Frike, and was taught music and drawing by Profs. 
Goodison and Foote. Thus prepared, she entered upon the career of a professional 
teacher, which she piu'sued with success in Romeo, Oxfoi-d and Rochester; at the latter 
place, she was associated with the celebrated poet. Will H. Carleton. During her career 
as a teacher, she guided the elementary education of some twelve hundi'ed pupils, manj' 
of whom are holding prominent positions in life. She was married, November 23, 1868, 
.54 



^ 



to A. B. Shelden, and lias two childi-en — Henry A., born December 31. 1804: and Edward 
J., born March 24. 18()(i — both of whom are attending the high school at Romeo. Mrs. 
Sheldeu became a Christian under the ministry of Rev. Z. Coleman, of the Baptist Church 
of Mt. Vernon, and subse<juently united with the Congregational Church of Romeo; she 
has been actively engaged in church and Sunday school work since she was sixteen years 
of age; many of her scholars in Sunday school have become consistent Christians, and 
some of them are preparing for the ministry; her Bible class at present includes tweuty- 
foiu- persons. She owns and occupies the Milton Thompson farm, on Section 17, Ray 
Township, where her husband died. 

JAMES SMITH, P. O. Romeo, was born in Yates County. N. Y . August 15, 1835; 
he is the son of John and Sarah Hall Smith; his father died December 8, 1838, leaving 
a family of eight children in rather limited circumstances, and, in 1842, Mr. Smith came 
to Macomb County to live with William Hall, his uncle, who was one of the first pioneers 
of the county, locating on Section 1) in 1827, with whom he resided until 1858; he then 
located 24(* acres of land and several village lots in the Grand Traverse eountrj', remain- 
ing two years, teaching school winters at Elk Rapids. In 1S()1, the war breaking out, 
Mr. Smith returned to Macomb, and, on August 15. lS(il. was enrolled at Mt. Clemens in 
Company I, Ninth Michigan Volunteer Infantry, Capt. William Jenny; the regiment was 
ordered to West Point, Ky., where Mr. Smith suiTered from a prolonged attack of typhoid 
fever, with pneumonic symptoms, and was placed on detached duty, acting as Hospital 
Steward. March 25, 18()2, he was ordered by Col. John G. Parkhiu'st, commanding post, 
to remove the sick to Louisville, Ky. ; after the transfer of the sick, he was ordered to 
report to his regiment at Nashville, Tenn., where, on April 1, he was again detached, by 
order of Maj. Gen. Buell. to act as Captain in exchange or convalescent camp, where he 
remained about eight months, when the cam]) was removed to Gallatin. Tenn., where he 
vyas promoted to the rank of Major; by his refiuest, he was relieved from duty here, and, 
November 25. lS(i"J, ordered by Maj. Gen. Rosecrans to report for duty to Lieut. Irvin as 
Clerk in the Quai'termaster s Department at Nashville, Tenn.. where he remained until 
October 10. 18()3; his position here was such that he began to get an insigtt into the de- 
vices TO rob the Government, and the Chief Clerk, Mr. Bull, of Louisville, having strong 
rebel sympathies, and. as was believed, aiding and abetting the rebels, called out strong 
denunciations from Mr. Smith, which caused Mr. Bull to feel uneasy lest their rascality 
might be exposed, and he did his utmost to get rid of him, and he was ordered by Gen. 
Rosecrans to report to his regiment at Chattanooga. Tenn. Deceml.ier 25, 18fi3, he was 
ordered by Maj. Gen. Palmer to report to Capt. E. Marble as Clerk in the Subsistence 
Department, Fourteenth Army Corps, where he remained until nmstered out of service at 
Atlanta, Ga., October 2U, 18()-i. The following is the consolidated recommendations of his 
superior officers: "Headquarters of the Fourteenth Anny Corps, Galesville, Ala., October 
25, 18<)4 — Being jiersonally acquainted with James Smith, who has been my Issuing Ser- 
geant for the past six months, I take pleasure in recommending him as being a man of 
most excellent business qualities, perfectly moral, honest, ujiright, and in every respect 
capable of filling any position that may be given him. He has served his country as a 
soldier and patriot three years faithfully, never failing to do his duty in every respect, 
■which entitles him to the highest commendation of all true Americans. — A. L. Messmore. 
Captain and A. C. S. — freely concurred in by W. Wilkinson. Lieutenant Colonel com- 
manding Ninth Michigan Infantry.'' Mr. Smith was married. June 5. 1S73, to Maria, 
daughter of George and Sarah Bottomley. He has always been a Republican, and taken 
a prominent position in church, Sunday school and all branches of Chi'istian work. In 
18()5. Ml'. Smith's mother came from the old home in New Y'^ork State, and the family set- 
tled on Section 10 of Ray Township, where they still reside. 






Ll^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



MINER STONE, P. O. Romeo, son of Isaac Stone, was boru in PittsforJ, Monroe Co., 
N. Y., March IC), LSI."). In October, 18/51, he came to Michigan with his parents and set- 
tled in Ray. He was married. May 5, 184'.!, to Rusha Ann, daughter of Anson and Mary 
Ann Bristol; she was born Maj' 28, 1810; became the mother of four childi-en, born as 
follows: Gilbert, April 8, 1848, died February 1:!, 184,"); Hannah, October ;!1, 184o, died 
June 2<), 1871; William, March 0, 18r)l, married Roxada Willey and lives at home; Oscar 
D.. May 7. 18.")."). married Josephine Rowley. Deborah Bristol, grandmother of Mrs. Stone, 
lived to the age of ninety-six, and left fom- generations of descendants to the niunber of 
287; she died in Flint, Genesee County. Mr. Stone is a farmer on the east half of the 
southwest quarter of Section 7; he settled on a wholly unimproved farm, which he has 
placed under good cultivation; was a Whig before the organization of the Republican 
party, and since that time has been an adherent to its principles. 

WELTON A. TAFT, P. O. Davis, was born August 29. 18.");5, in Ray, Macomb County; 
is the son of Daniel and Mary (Haines) Taft, natives of Vermont, as were their parents. 
Daniel Taft and Mary Haines were married in 1850, and had five children, born as follows: 
Bm-ton J., Jauuarv 7, 18.")1; Welton A.. August 29, 18-"):i; Weston L. , February 22,1855; 
Leora E., January" 10, 1858; Hannie E., June 1, ISOS, died August 2(). 18()8. "Mr. Taft, 
of this sketch, was married, January 2. 1878, to Nellie Cawker, a native of Canada; she 
came to Detroit in 18()2; they have two childi-en, Leoi-aE.. born June 14. 1880, and Glen 
E., March 7. 1882. Mr. Taft lives on the homestead, wher? he was born; it is a splen- 
did farm, and includes eighty acres in Section 20. Politically, he is a Democrat. 

ROBERT WARNER was born December 22, 1811, in the State of New York. Some 
time before he left his native State, his father died, leaving a wife and family of eight 
children. The principal business at this place, where he spent eleven years of his youth, 
was chopping and clearing land. Mr. W. now looks back with regret upon the mis-spent 
hovu-s that passed in that period of his life. At the age of seventeen years, and in the 
last year of his stay here, he worked diu-iug the summer for John B. Norton, a doctor liv- 
ing in Spring Water Valley, a few miles above the head of Hemlock Lake, which lies be- 
tween two mountains. This was in the summer of 1829. In the winter of this year he 
stayed with his brother and attended school. In the spring of 18H0, he went to Richmond 
and worked a short time for Lesse Stout He then worked for Barton Stout until about 
May 10, when he started for Michigan and walked as far as Bufi'alo on foot, arriving on 
the" morning of the r2th. Having missed the boat, he was obliged to wait until the next 
day. While waiting, he met Lesse Stout and Mr. Crooks, who were also going to Michi- 
gan. They took passage on the steamer Peacock. They landed in Detroit May 16, 1880. 
In the i-dl\, he came to Macomb County, where he has since lived. His present farm is 
situated on a section corner, and embraces a part of Sections 29, 27. 84 and 3o, and con- 
tains 305 acres. Mr. W. was maiTied February 14, 1833, to Lois Willey, who was born 
March 24, 1813. They have six children, three daughters and three sons — Clarissa, borii 
December 14, 1833, married to Nathan Hinkley January 24, 1854; Robert H., bom July 
3, 1836. mamed Almeda Houghton March 8, 1864; Milo, born November 28, 1838, mar- 
ried Mary Hate February 19, 1864; Rosetta, born December 15, 1841, married Eli Myres 
February 22, 1866; Lauretta, born September li, 1844, man-ied William Ellis_April 30. 
1865; Riley, born November 29, 1850, married Lovina Willey December 31, 1874. 

MAJOR WEBSTER, P. O. Davis, was born August 28, ISOl. in Pittsford, Monroe 
Co. , N. Y. ; is the son of Ransford and Triphena (Vaughn) A\'ebster. In M ay, 1825, he came 
to Michigan, and located a farm of Government land on Section 19, Ray Township. In 
February! 182(), he was man-ied to Diana Grossman, and not long after, they set out for 
their pioneer home; they made the route from Detroit with an ox team, the fu-st ever di'ivea 
through that part of the country. When IVIrs. Webster was informed that she had reached 



^ 



Ml 



876 HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

home, she responded, courageously: ''Home it ia, and home it shall be;" and it has 
been ever since. Not long after their arrival, a letter came for them from the East; in 
those days, the postage on a letter was '25 cents, due at the end of the route; Mr. Webster 
ovyned but 18 cents: he spent nearly a day trying to obtain some money, and finally found 
a neighbor who loaned him a dollar, which he repaid weeding onions at 50 cents a day. 
Mr. and Mrs. "Webster have ten children, born as follows: Caroline J., January 27, 1827, 
the first white child born in Ray Township; Mary M., November 28, 1821); Charles H., 
August 4, ISai; Horace M , June 8, 1838; Susan, March 30, 1835; Alice M.. January 7, 
1837; Ransford M., January 4, 1839; Diana E., August 13, 1840; Aui-ora V., November 
4. 1844; Hardy E., March 12, 1849. Mr. and Mrs. Webster are members of the Methodist 
Chm'ch. Mr. Webster is a Democrat in political faith. 

GEORGE WHITING, son of Peter and Margaret (Champion) Whiting, was born 
August lU, 1833, in the Gratiot Light House, St. Clair County, Mich.; his father was 
born in Schoharie County, N. Y., January 1, 17U1, and moved to St. Clair County in 1818, 
where he followed the occupation of a millwright: he died March 29, 1880. Mr. Whit- 
ing's mother still lives with her son, aged eighty-one. In 18G1, an excitement regard- 
ing the supposed discovery of petroleum broke out in the neighborhood where Mr. Whit- 
ing was living, and he sold his farm for a considerable amount, and removed to Macomb 
County Sejitember H of that year, and purchased a farm on the North Branch of the 
Clinton River, known as the James Thompson farm, where he now resides. He was mar- 
ried to Jane, daughter of Nathan B. Elliott, of St. Clair County, September 18, 1859; they 
have had ten children — Mary, born February 24, 18(Jl, married Zachaiy Payne and resides 
in Ray; George C. was born January 19, 18()3. and died February 14, 18()3; Emma E., 
April' 22, J8(')4; Elmer U., June 1, 18(;r;; Lillie A., June 11, 18(iS; Eddie E., June 19, 
1870; Ruby, Febraary 22, 1875; Hugh C, June 18, 1877; Neil, March 20. 1879; Jennie. 
October 5, 1881. Eight children are living at home. Mr. Whiting has always been a 
Republican, and has held various positions of trust in his township. Both himself and 
wife are members of the Christian Chiu'ch. 

WILLIAM M. WILLEY, deceased, was born in Oneida County, N. Y.. September 
30, 1808. He went to Pittsford, N. "V., and, in 1830, settled on Section 21. Ray Town- 
ship. He afterward bought on Section 27. December 9, 1838, he married Susan Gear; 
they had eight children, whose record is as follows: William Wesley, born November 
1(5, 1839, married Irena Myers, resided in Ray, and died January 25, 1808; Henry H., 
January 25. 1841, resides at home; Volney, January 3, 1843, married Harriet Van Horn, 
resides in Ray; Mary J., March 21. 1845, married William Bliss and resides in Macomb; 
David H., September 10, 1847; Roxada, Mai'ch 10, 1849, married Gilbert Stone and re- 
sides in Ray; Lavina Y.. April 5, 1851, married Rilej' Warner, and resides in Ray; Ange- 
line C, October 2<5, 1855. Mr. Willey was a Republican, and held several positions of 
trust during his life; he was Justice of the Peace for sixteen years in succession; he was 
Captain, and afterward Major, in the home iliilitia; was administrator and guardian for 
orphans a number of years; he died October 17, 1871; his widow still survives him. 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



CHAPTER XL. 

LENOX TOWNSHIP. 

The principal stream in Lenox is Salt River, which runs due south through the east- 
ern part of the township, affording motive-power for several mills along its coui'se; next 
in importance comes Deer Creek and some of its minor tributaries, which afford water for 
agricultm-al and other purposes. With these streams the townshiji is fairly watered. 
Pui-e spring water is obtainable by digging a few feet in almost any spot in the township. 

The original settlers of the township were men of sterling worth, of great enterprise 
and of untiring industry, .imong those who have left their names as the proudest portion 
of the history of the township are Abner Stevens, Phineas D. Pelton, Richard D. Bailey, 
Lanson Flowers. Ebenezer Brooks, John Church. Beverly Robinson, Thomas F. Dryer, 
Apolas A. Fubler, Owen Sheridan, Silas Leonai-d. J. R. Crandall and many others of 
equal prominence. The descendants of the larger part of the above are still inhabitants 
of the township, though many of them are to be found throughout the entire county. 

ORG.\NIZATI0N. 

The township of Lanos was organized in the year 1837. The first township election 
was ordered to be held at the dwelling-house of Sterling Case. There came a call from 
the Legislature through Linus Gilbert for the organization of the town in 1837. It was 
proposed by the inhabitants that the three oldest men in the town should give the name. 
Benjamin Haight, Mason Harris and Israel Dryer were selected, each selecting a name. 
The choice of Messrs. Haight and Harris was similar to those of other townships in the 
State. The choice of Israel Dryer was adopted, and the name of Lenox confirmed. The 
members of that committee died in the town at an advanced age, Mr. Dryer being 
near eighty-eight. Of the first voters, about forty in number, only five are liv- 
ing, viz., Oliver Cromwell, Hiram O. C. Harris, Justus R. Crandall, Thomas F. Dryer, of 
Lenox, and Ebenezer Brooks, of Armada. First Supervisor, Benjamin Haight; Thomas 
F. Dryer, first Clerk, served eleven consecutive years. In the absence of all political 
lines, peace and harmony prevailed for many years. Regarding the profits of office in 
those early days, Mr. Dryer thinks the whole township business was done for several j'ears 
for $100 per year, or less, and his charges as Clerk did not exceed $10. He also had the 
pleasure of boarding the three Highway Commissioners about three days each year free of 
charge. The early settlers had a flourishing town library, which was well read for several 
years. 

FinST MEETING. 

The first town meeting was held at the house of Sterling Case, April 3, 1837. Will- 
iam Francis, Thomas F. Dryer and Simon P. Miller were Inspectors, with Alanson 
Flower, Clerk. The election i-esulted in the choice of the following officers: Benjamin 
Haight, Supervisor; Thomas F. Dryer, Clerk; Justus R. Crandall, Collector; Jacob E. 
Hall, Mason Hairis, Justin Corey, Eben Carl, Justices of the Peace; A. T. Corey, A. 
Flower, Jacob E. Hall, Assessors; Eben Carl, Abner Stevens, Eben Brooks, Road Com- 
missioners; Carlos W. Brown, Justus R. Crandall, James M. Millard, School Commis- 
sioners: Oliver Bates, William Miller, Poor Directors; Mason Harris, W'illiam Miller, 



s^ — ^ 

m HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Alan. Flower, T. F. Dryer, School Inspectors; Justus R. Crandall, Justus Elsworth, Con- 
stables; Allen Haeket, A. Flower, Eben Brooks, C. W. Brown, William Miller, Jacob E. 
Hall, Lyman Bates, Silas Leonard, William Warner, Overseers of Highways. The prin- 
cipal officers elected annually since 1837 are named as follows: 

TOWN ROSTEK. 

Supervisors — Benjamin Haight, 1S37; B. Wright, 1838; County Commissioners, 
1838-43; Aldis L. Eich, 1843-45; Justus R. Crandall, 1845-48; Leander Millen, 1848- 
49; Carlos W, Brown, 1849-50; Justus R. Crandall, 1850-52; Aldis L. Rich, 1852-53; 
Thomas F. Dryer, 1853-54; Justus R. Crandall, 1854-5r>; Carlos W. Brown, 1856-57; 
Justus R. Crandall. 1857-58; George W. French, 1858-59; Justus R. Crandall. 1859- 
63; Milo Selleck, 1863-(>4; Daniel Bates. 1864-70; Lucius H. Cantield. 1870-77; Adam 
Bennett. 1877-80; Lucius H. Canfield, 1880-82. 

Clerks -Thomas H. Drver, 1837-47; John Haire. 1848-50; Justus R. Crandall, 
1852; N. C. Knott, 1853; Justus R. Crandall, 1854; William G. Carl, 1855; Mason Har- 
ris, 1856; Milo Selleck, 1857-58; Daniel Bates, 1858; William H. Mellen, I860; Abram 
S. Devall, 1861-63; John W. Leonard. 1864-65; Benjamin L. Bates, 1866-67; William 
H. Sutfin, 1868-69; Adam Bennett, 1870; Isaac N. Cook, 1871-73; Elias Duvall, 1874; 
Theo M. Giddings, 1875; Isaac N. Cook, 1876; Clarence E. Fenton, 1877; William 
Wiethoff, 187S: Chester S. Fenton, 1879; Avander H. Shafer. 1880-81. 

Treasurers— Justus R. Crandall, 1837; William A. Edwards, 1838; Gabriel Cox, 
1839-40; Israel Dryer, 1841; Carlos W. Brown, 1842; John Church, 1849; Russell W. 
Green. 1850; Leander Millen. 1851; Alvin Davis. 1852-54: M. Van Winkle, 1855; John 
Chiu-ch, 1856; Sabiu Harris, 1857; Alvin Adams, 1858; Martin L. Drver, 1859-60; Asa 
Blanchard, 1861-63; Tolcot Bates, 1864-65; Elijah Sutfin, 1866; David L. Carl, 1867- 
68; Benjamin L. Bates. 1869-70; Ephraim Fullerton, 1871; James M. Rowley, 1872; 
Adam Bennett, 1873-76; E. P. Fullerton, 1877; Russell T. Hazleton, 1878; Denis La 
Fiu-gey, 1879-80: Calvin A. Smith, 1881. 

Justices of the Peace — Ebin Carl, Justus Corey. Jacob E. Hall, Mason Harris, 1837; 
Gabriel Case, 1838; Justus R. Crandall, Hanson Flower, 1839; Abner Stephens, 1840, 
Aldis L. Rich, 1841; Justus R. Crandall, 1S42; Mason Harris. 1843; Apner Stephens, 
1844; Benjamin Haight. 1845; Justus R. Crandall, 1846; Aldis L. Rich, 1847; Leander 
Millen. 1848; Thomas J. Goodsell, 1849; Justus R. Crandall, 1850; Elias Suttin, 1851; 
Leander Millen, 1852; C. W. Brown. 1853; J. R. Crandall. 1854; Elias Suttin. 1855; 
William Hare. Mason Harris, 1857; J. R. Crandall, 1858; C. W. Brown, 1859; Leander 
Millen, 1856-60; John Church. 1861; J. R. Crandall, 1862; Walter C. Hulett, 1863; 
Daniel Tewkesbury, Newell H. Roberts, 1864; David L. Carl. C. W. Brown, Edward L. 
Raymond, 1865; Orland T. Green, J. R. Crandall, 1866; Daniel Tewkesbury, 1867; O. 
T. Green, 1868; Edwai'd L. Raymond, 1869; William R. Sutton, 1870; Daniel Tewkes- 
bury, 1871; J. R. Crandall. 1872; Orlando T. Green, 1872; Leslie L. Miller, Josiah J. 
Robinson, 1873; Clarence E. Fenton, 1874; Justus R. Crandall. 1875; James B. Davis. 
1876; Asa Blanchard. 1877; Isaac Lemmon, 1878; Clarence E. Fenton. 1879; Zenas 
Corey. 1880; Jared O. Jackson. 1881. 

The agi'icultural production at the end of the first decade after its organization ex- 
hibits a fair proportion. We <[uote from a good authority: There were seventy- nine 
farms, with 2,637 acres of improved, and 5.147 acres of unimproved land, at a total cash 
value of $51,700. In live stock the showing was as follows: Horses. 74; milch-cows, 
291; working oxen, 128; other neat cattle. 253; sheep, 1.111; swine. 39(); value of live 
stock. 112,330. Wheat, 1,910 bushels; corn, 7,590 bushels; all other kinds of grain. 
9,468 bushels; potatoes, 1,849 bushels; wool, 2,800 pounds. Dairy products — butter. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 879 

15,700 pounds; cheese, 7,900 pounds. Value of orchard produce, $201. The showing 
at the end of the second decade from the above was: Acres of improved land, 10,018; 
woodland, 9.840; other unimproved land. 19 acres; cash value, $711,640. In live stock 
the subjoined is a correct statement: Horses, 571; milch-cows, 728; working oxen. 24; 
other neat cattle (other than oxen and cows), 704; sheep, 888, swine. 663; total value of 
live stock, S120.905. Of agricultural products there were: Bushels of wheat, 19,902; 
corn. 19.265: all other kinds of grain (principally oats, barley and rye), 59,717: potatoes. 
12,483 bushels; wool, 14,917 pounds. Dairy products — biitter, 53,940 pounds; cheese, 
4.340 pounds. Value of orchard products, $4,005, Population, 1880, 2,516. 

.'ICHOOLS. 

The school of District No. 2, Lenox, was organized from the original territory. The 
first officers were: Charles Coi'ey. Moderator; Thomas Warwick, Assessor; David Burt, 
Director. The tirst schoolhouse was built of wood, with a board roof. 16x17 feet in area, 
and cost $67. It was built by David Burt in 1851. The old house was burned in 1860, 
and a new frame building erected on the samesite, in 1861, ata costof $650. The fu'st teacher 
was Jane Harris, now the wife of Robert Haore, of New Haven; her salary was 9 shillings 
per week, for which sum she had to superintend the education of seven pupils. The early 
schools of the township are referred to in the following reminiscences of Mrs. Amelia 
Bancroft Crawford. This lady's first essay in school-teaching was made in Lenox in 1840. 
The Isuilding was a primitive log one, located just west of Thomas Dryer's. In riding on 
horseback twelve miles to reach her school, she had to pass over about three-quarters of a 
mile of submerged land and many other places of less distance in like condition. The 
next day after her arrival, she was examined by Justus Crandall, Mason Harris and Alan- 
son Flower. The day following, in order to commence her school, she crossed the stream 
on a fallen tree, and then to reach the schoolhouse had to hold to the fence for a distance 
of forty rods. This was owing to the condition of the stream, occasioned by a heavy 
storm and the lack of a bridge. In order to attend church, she had to travel " afoot and 
alone " thi'ee miles to the old Baptist Church at Ray Exchange. About the year 1846, 
while retiu-ning home fi'om the Gould Schoolhouse. at Berlin (a distance of eight miles), 
while crossing a small stream, the girth liroke, and, although we give the name of terra 
firma to the place where she landed, her wai'drobe was so well drenched that the prospect 
of a winter ride of six miles in the evening was indeed uninviting ever afterwards. She 
took charge of the Hall School in I860. There she enjoyed the most active school term 
in her school experience of thirty-live yeai's. She enjoyed molding the juvenile mmds of 
one school in Britce for five consecutive summers. Some of her pupils graduated at the 
Romeo Academy and one at Ypsilanti Normal School. 

The schools of the present time n>imber nine, one of which is graded. The Directors 
are Alonzo Claggett, Albert E. Burt, F. M. Grout, C. Klopstock, John S. Parker, Asa 
Blanchard, Robert Carpenter, Zonas Corey, Matthew McClatchie. School No. 1 was at- 
tended diu'ing the year ending September, 1881, by thirty pupils, the entire number of 
pupils being fifty-one. The expenditure for the year was $308.82. No. 2 (Fractional 
District) claims sixty-two children, of whom fifty attended school. The expenditm-e was 
$300. District No. 4 claimed fifty-two pupils, of whom forty attended school, at an ex- 
pense to the tovm of $290. The niunber of children belonging to Fractional District No. 
5 was 105, of whom sixty fom* attended school, the expense being $371. District No. 6 
claimed 101 pupils, of whom sixty-nine attended school, the e.xpenditiu'e for the year being 
$431. Fractional District No. 9 holds the only graded school in the town. The number of 
pupils belonging is 219, of whom 192 attend school. The expenditures for 1881 amount- 
ed to $1,409.42. Di.strict No. 1() School was attended by fifty pupils, the expense being 






HISTOBY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



$336. District No. 11 claimed forty-nine childi-en. of whom thirty-eight attended school 
during the year 18S1. Expenditure. $277. District No. 12 claimed 121 pupils, of whom 
ninety-one attended school. The expenditure for school purposes in this district for the 
year ending September 5, 1881, was $020. 

New Haven was fonnerly known as New Baltimore Station. It is situated on the 
Cxrand Trunk Railway, thirty miles northeast of Detroit and ten miles northeast of Mt. 
Clemens. The village contains a population estimated at 620 inhabitants. It is distant 
from the village of New Baltimore five miles. The principal exports of the place ara 
lumber and general agricultural products. Its chief manufactures are lumber, 
flour and heading. The village contains live general stores, one diy goods store, 
two boot and shoe stores, one drug store, one stove and tinshop, one harness shop, two 
wagon-shops, one cooper-shop, two blacksmiths, one livery stable, one grist and one saw 
mill and a good hotel. The resident physicians are M. Bates. A. Gunn, Peter McGregor, 
Ed N. HaiTis and Ed B. Hanis. Tolcott Bates is the present Postmaster. The depot of 
the Grand Trunk Railway, with a settlement called Ridgeway, is partly in Lenox Town- 
ship and partly in Richmond. The village contains three churches — Baptist, Congrega- 
tional and Methodist- -and a graded school. Fruit, grain and lumber are the shipments. 

The first meeting of the citizens of New Haven, under the village charter of 1869, 
was held at the Lake Hall, May 3, 1869. Morgan Nye and Adam Bennett were Inspectors of 
Election and William H. Sutphin. Clerk. Benjamin L. Bates was elected President; W. 
H. Sutphin, Recorder; Morgan Nye. Treasiu'er; Isaac Cook, Adam Bennett, Assessors: 
Ephraim Fullertou, Conrad H. Gordon. Myron Bates, John Millard and William G. Carl, 
Trustees. 

1870 -President, Ephraim Fullerton; Recorder, William Sutphin; Treasurer, Myron 
Bates. 

1871 — President, Morgan Nye; Recorder. William G. Carl; Treasurer, Niles Gidding. 

1872-75 — President, Justus R. Crandall; Recorder, Clarence E. Fenton; Treasurer, 
Jacob D. Seaman. 

1875-76 — President, Adam Bennett; Recorder, Justus R. Crandall: Treasiu-er, Jacob 
D. Seaman. 

1877 — President, Adam Bennett: Recorder, Justus R. Crandall; Treasurer, Russell 
T. Uazleton. 

1878 — President, Clarence E. Fenton: Recorder, Justus R. Crandall: Treasurer, Rus- 
sell T. Hazleton. 

1879-82 — President, Adam Bennett: Recorder, Justus R. Crandall; Treasurer, Rus- 
sell T. Hazleton. 

Burton Nye was elected Clerk in 1881, and was succeeded by Justus R. Crandall, the 
present Clerk. 

1882-83— President, Charles H. Sears: Clerk, J. R. Crandall; Treasurer, J. D. Sea-' 
man; Assessor, John C. Bates; Street Commissioner, Benjamin L. Bates; Constable, 
Oscar Slocum; George Welz, Isaac N. Cuok, C. A. Smith and D. C. Rowley, Trustees. 

PEI:.S( )XA I. SKKT( 'IIES. 

The biographical sketches given in other pages deal with the personal history of 
many of the pioneers, together with that of old settlers and others, whose history is closely 
identified with this township. 

ADAM BEXNETT. 

ZENAS COREY, P. O. Lenox, son of Archibald J. Corey, v?ho was a native of Vermont, 
and Mary Granger Corey, daughter of Elisha Granger, a native of Vermont. She was 
born in Sodus, Wayne Co., N. Y. ; was married, and emigi-ated with her husband to Mich- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 881 



igan. In 1833, they settled in what is now Chestertield, and from there, in Febniarv. 1837, 
they went to Lenox and settled on Section 11. They reared a family of nine children under 
trying circumstances, two of whom enlisted in the Union service — George B. Corey, Fifth 
Infantry: Jared Corey, Twenty-second Infantry. Mary Granger Corey still resides on 
the old homestead, which belongs to Zenas and Elisha Corey. They were both di'afted; 
Zenas substituted by payment of $125; Elisha was not called out, as the war closed. 
Zenas was born in Chesterfield September '22. 1834. and married May 8, 1857, to Mary L. 
Johns, of French descent; born at Frederick, Mich., October 21, 1842. They have resided 
in Lenox since that time, he having tilled the office of Justice of the Peace, and other town 
offices: is now Postmaster in Richmond Village and Lenox Post Office; came with his par- 
ents to Lenox in February, 1837; was sixteen yeai-s old before he ever had a new pair of 
boots or shoes, consequently could not chase wolves and bears in the winter. They were 
very plenty. Many times he had to live on boiled wheat, hulled corn, potatoes and milk 
(if they could get them). In 1842-43, he had a new milch cow. and used to gather moss 
and twigs from trees to feed the cow. In the fall befoi'e the hard winter, Mrs. Corey was 
left with nine children on a new place, where, by working out on the place, washing, sew- 
ing, and such other work as she could obtain in a new settlement of poor people, she man- 
aged to keep the family all together to the years of maturity. Logging bees and log rais- 
ings constituted the principal holiday amusements. Sometimes at the log raisings, there 
would be a Corey on each corner. Their fii'st school was in a little log house, standing 
within the present corporation of Richmond, about 1839, having to go one and one-half 
miles through the woods on trail: no road cut. In order to slide on the ice, they would lit 
wood to their feet and make holes with bui'ning-irons to fasten them on to their bai-e feet. 
Their first skates were made of wood bv Tipsico, the big Indian, and jiresented to Zenas. 

JUSTICE E. CRANDALL. P. O. 'New Haven, He is the sou of Rowland Crandall 
and Rhoda (Crandall) Crandall. Rowland was the sou of Benjamin Crandall and Alice 
(Kinyon) Crandall, both natives of Washington County. R. I., and among the first settlers. 
Mi-s. Crandall was born April, 173f), in Washington County. Rowland was born 
in 1709, in Hopkinton. Washington County, R. I. Rhoda, born in Westerly, Wash- 
ington Co., R. I. Justice R., born in Hojikinton, Washington Co., R. I., February 23, 
1807; man-ied November 28, 1830, to Violet Beattie, who was born May 19. ISIO. in 
Langholm, Scotland, a daughter of John Beattie. who was born in Langholm, Scotland, 
in 1778. His mother, Sai'ah Ray Beattie, was born September 1, 1742, in Langholm, 
Scotland, and -died February 20, 1846, aged one hundred and three years, five months 
and nineteen days. Justus R. was married to Violet Beattie Crandall November 28, 1S30, 
in Foster, Providence Co.. R. I.; came to Michigan in 1835, and settled in Lenox May 
13. in the town then called Ray. He was elected Town School Inspector, and the first 
Constable and fjollector, in the first town meeting, in 1S37; elected Justice in 1838: ap- 
pointed Supervisor in 1844; elected in 1845. and has served in various offices up to the 
present time; was married the second time to Miss Helen Harris. She was born in Boston, 
Mass., May 22, INCH, and was the widow of the Rev. Lovell F. Han-is, who has been mis- 
sionary among the Indians and the Negroes. 

ROBERT S. CRAWFORD. P. O. New Haven, was born in Oppeuheim. Montgomery 
Co., N. Y.. November 18, 1809: son of Robert Crawford, Sr.. who was born in Poundi-idge. 
N. Y., February 1, 1770. and was man-ied to Hannah Albright December 25. 179S, and in 
1824 removed to Richmond, Ontario Co., N. Y. , with a family of seven sons and two 
daughters, all of whom lived to years of matiu-ity. One of Robert S.'s uncles, John Craw- 
ford (from whom the settlement took the name), was a soldier in the Revolution, and re- 
moved from Benton. Yates Co.. N. Y. . to the township of Clinton. Macomb County, in 
1830, having no neighbors nearer than four or five miles. Robert S. and Jacob A. Craw- 



'k 



ford came to Michigan in May, 1S32, and settled in what is now known as the Crawford 
settlement. A few days after, Jacob and Robert arrived. John had the tirst barn raised 
in that settlement, requiring all the help that could be obtained within a radius of eight 
miles. Robert thinks they had whisky, also about five feet and eight inches of brandy, in 
the form of the boss workman. Robert belonged to the Mt. Clemens Rifle Company, J. O. 
Ferriss, Captain, and was called into service and served faithfully through the great 
Toledo war, in 1835, by which Michigan obtained that great store of wealth contained in 
the Upper Peninsula, and although Uncle Sam paid the State so well for that little strip 
of little Lucas land, claimed by Ohio, he has never given him a pension. After the strug- 
gle was over, Robert returned to the ])eaceful occupation of clearing up his land in the 
Crawford Settlement, in Macomb Township. Feeling in need of help in his struggle for 
a home, and some one to enjoy it with him, he was married to Charity Ann Seaman March 
27, 1S3<), by Calvin Davis, Esq. Mrs. Crawford cheerfully and faithfully shai'ed the ioi\s 
and hai'dships of clearing a new farm and raising a family of fom' children, and died 
August 23, 1873, aged fifty-nine years. Mr. Crawford was married to Miss Amelia Ban- 
croft, of Bruce Township, September 9, 1874. Of his children, Hannah, the oldest daughter, 
is now comfortably settled in New Hampshire, and is the wife of John J. Edwards. 
Lydia A. , the second daughter, being a deeply pious young lady, and desirous to fit her- 
self for lal)or in the missionary field, went to Albion College in September, 181)5. She 
commenced her studies on Thui'sday, and a week fi'om the following Sunday was taken 
sick, and after thiiteen days" suffering, passed to higher joys. Her stay at the college, 
though so brief, so much endeared her to the faculty and pupils that, when she was con- 
veyed to the train at the solemn hour of midnight, they showed their appreciation of her 
and sympathy for her grief -stricken friends by following her to the depot in silent proces- 
sion. Jacob, the first son, is a worthy citizen, and resides on Section 31, in Lenox. Al- 
vin, the second, a worthy representative of the Crawford family, now resides on the farm 
cleared and owned by his father. In connection with developing a new farm, Mr. Craw- 
ford has aided much to the building up of the religious and educational interest. As 
Chairmau of the Building Committee, he bore the burden of the position, and paid $120 
toward building the tirst Methodist Episcopal Chiu'ch in the vicinity, viz., Crawford set- 
tlement; next aided liberally in building the Methodist Episcopal Church in Chesterfield; 
also in building the chiu'ch in New Haven, where he now resides. 

THOMAS F. DRYER, P. O. New Haven, son of John Dryer, who resided in Massa- 
chusetts, and emigrated to Junius, Seneca Co., N. Y.. in 1808. He was a soldier in the 
Revolutionary war, and had one uncle killed in battle. His grandfather was a native of 
Massachusetts, and there died, Thomas F. was born in the town of Richmond, Berkshire 
Co., Mass., May 17, 1801; had a very limited district school education; was married to 
Cleora Ann Brown December 30, 1824, who was the daughter of Nathan and Anna Brown, 
of Rome, Oneida Co., N. Y. Thomas F. and Carlos Brown piu'chased land in 1833, on 
Sections 18 and I'J, Town 4 north, and Range 14 east. Mr. B. came on to his land in 
1834. Thomas F. came on to his land on Section 19, in the spring of 1^3(5, after raising 
a log house, with all the help obtained within a radius of five miles, and hiring the road 
underbrushed for three miles to enable him to get his family and goods to his new home, 
where he now resides in hapjiy old age. Said road was surveyed by Judge Burt in 183y. 
Cleora Ann Brown Dryer died July 3, 18()1, and is buried in the Union Cemetery, in the 
township of Richmond. They reared a family of four sons and three daughters — John 
F. , of Lenox; Nathan W., deceased, and buried by the side of his mother by his request; 
(jreorge Dryer, of Lenox; Chester Dryer, of Lenox; Almira Di-yer Bates, deceased; Anna 
Maria Dryer Bates, of New Haven, and Mary Ann Dryer Giddings, of Macomb Township. 
Thomas F. Dryer was maiTJed to Elect B. Condit Brown Herbert, daughter of Moses 



^■? 



^1 



Condit and Electa Ball Condit, of Phelpstown, Ontario Co., N. Y. Mrs. Dryer came to 
Michigan with her first husband, Carlton N. Brown, who tanght the first public school in 
Romeo, in 1833-34, and settled on the Hix farm in Ai'mada in September, 1834, and died 
March "i'i, 1838. She had one son, Mjtou C. Brown, of Lapeer City, by Mr. Brown. 
Subsequently, she married Thomas D. Herbert in New York, and had one daughter, Mrs. 
Sarah E. Herbert, wife of Fulton P. Goyer, of Armada. 

MANSON FARRAR, son of Sullivan and Charity Judd Farrar, was a native of Mas- 
sachiisetts, and married there and removed to Pitcher, Chenango Co. , N. Y. ; subsequently 
to Homer, Cortland Co., N. Y., where Manson was born September 14, 1809. They re- 
turned to Pitcher, where they lived until they came to Michigan in 1834, and settled in 
Mt. Clemens. He and his father took a half-section of land in Macomb. Manson 
continued to live in Mt. Clemens, and worked at the carpenter's trade. In 1835, he went 
to Tully, Onondaga Co., N. Y., where he was married October 20. 1835, to Miss Sibbil 
Smith, daughter of Dean Uriel and Sibbil Smith. He was born in Buckland, and she in 
Colerain, Mass. The young people retiu'ned to Mt. Clemens, and resided there until 1848. 
He was elected Second Lieutenant in the Mt. Clemens Rifie Company, and called out by 
Gov. Mason for the Toledo war. They had four sons and three daughters. Mr. F. be- 
came a member of the Baptist Chiu'ch at Pitcher, N. Y. ; at the age of twenty-one brought 
a letter from the church in Pitcher and joined the Baptist Chiu'ch at Mt. Clemens, His 
wife was also a Baptist from ten yeai's of age. and broitght a letter from Tully Chiu'ch, 
and united with the Mt. Clemens Church. They aided in building the present chiu'ch 
edifice as well as aiding largely in its spiritual interests, and also engaged largely in 
Sabbath school and temperance work, etc. They went to Detroit in 1848, where he 
worked for two years for the Michigan Central Railroad Company, and helped to build 
the round house; also "200 farm gates to be used by the company at the farm crossings. 
He united with the Baptist Church at Detroit in 1850. He removed to Columbus, St, 
Clair County, on Belle River, two miles from Gratiot Tiu'npike, where he lived for nine- 
teen years. He found not only a forest of trees, but still worse, a mural waste, as many 
will remember, when the name of Coltunbus was a terror; but, believing in the power of 
the Gospel of love, he immediately went to work in the Sunday school and the temperance 
cause, holding the Sunday school in his and Deacon Topping's houses. The first temper- 
ance society was formed in the schoolhouse. The Baptist Church was organized in his 
house September 15. 1851, called the First Baptist ('hurch in Columbus, Mr. Farrar was 
chosen Deacon, he having served in that cajiacity in Mt. Clemens. The church edifice 
was built in 1858. Here he lived to see the Sabbath school, temperance cause and relig- 
ious meetings well established, and a more healthy moral tone pervade the community, when 
he came to Lenox and located on Section 1. Here they were among the charter members 
in the organization of the Baptist Church in Richmond Village, and he is acting as Deacon, 
They have also aided in building a church and defraying many other heavy expenses, as 
well as the other necessary work, 01 their children, the fom- sons went into the Union 
army. Col. Judson S. served through the war, and is now Register of Deeds in Macomb 
County; Clinton M., color-bearer, was killed at Fredericksbiu-g; Capt, Uriel S. was on 
Gen. Mile ' staff, and was in Libby Prison and Dansville sis months. Stedman B. was 
discharged from the Army of the Potomac on account of sickness. The two eldest daughters, 
Helen A., wife of John Parker, of New Haven, and Delia T. Craudall, of Lenox, were 
school teachers; Sybil E. AVescott. music teacher, and died at her father's in Lenox, May 
20, 1877. The family still live at their pleasant home in Lenox. 

H. FREEMAN, P. O, Lenox, general produce dealer of the village of Richmond, is 
the son of D. C, Freeman and Sarah M. (Vosburg) Freeman. H. Freeman was born at 
Summer Hill, Cayuga Co., N. Y., August 22, 184'.». 



1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



GEORGE W. FRENCH, deceased, was the son of Ebenezer Frencli, who emigrated 
from New Hampshire with his own family and father and mother, and settled on the Hol- 
land purchase, town of Weathersfield. Wjomiug Co.. N. Y. Here he cleared, by the help 
of his sons, a large farm and filled offices of responsibility, and died at an advanced age 
in Hermitage, Wyoming Co.. N. Y. His wife's maiden name was Cleavland. George W. 
was born in New Hampshire March 1, 1S16, and was brought when an infant to New York, 
After working on the farm iiutil twenty years of age, he attended the Middlebnry Academy 
one or two terms and taught several schools successfully. He was married to Mary G. 
Bernard February 14, 183'J. She was the daughter of Asahel Bernard, from Vermont, 
and Mary Dean Bernard, a native of Connecticut. They came to "Warsaw. Wyoming Co., 
N. Y.. and from there to Gainsville and Weathersfield, of the same coiinty: from there to 
Richmond, Macomb Co.. Mich., in October. 1844. where he settled and lived until his 
death. George W. French came to Lenox, Macomb Co., Mich., in September, 1843, and 
settled on Sections 8 and 4. Prior to coming to Michigan, he worked at several branches 
of mechanical work: then he devoted his time to clearing a new farm, and erected needed 
farm buildings. He filled the office of Supervisor one or two terms in Lenox. He was 
elected lvei;ister of Deeds of Macomb County in ISfiO, and soon moved to Mt. Clemens. 
He tilled his office creditably up to his death, which occurred October 2, 18(52. His only 
daughter, Jenette M. . who aided her father in the office, died about twenty- fom- hours 
previous to her father, and they were both bm'ied at the same time, in Richmond. Maret 
D. French, his only siuwiving son, was married October (i, 1874, to Cai-rie H. Welding, 
daughter of Oliver Welding and Mary (Taylor) Welding. Oliver Welding was born in 
Bucks County, Penn., and Mary Taylor in the same county. They came to Elgin County, 
Ontario, where Carrie was born July 27, 1841. She came with her parents to Richmond, 
Macomb Co.. Mich., in 18()r>. Mary G. French resides on the same farm whei-e she first 
settled with Maret D. French and his wife, Carrie H. French, and their children, Gi-ace 
and Mark. 

€HARI.ES FURSTEIVAX. 

WILLIA:\r H. HALSEY. P. O. New Haven. He is the sonof Silas Halsey, who was 
born in Middlebury, Vt., and Lucy M. Cady Halsey, born in Batavia, N. Y.. in 1805. 
William H. was born in Mt. Clemens March 20, 1830. He lived with his father, who 
kept hotel. His first license dates 1832. William attended the school in Mt. Clemens 
between thirteen and seventeen years of age: then went to Cincinnati and learned the 
carpenter's trade; came back to his father, and then went to Lenox in 1852; then went to 
New Baltimore and worked for William Jenny; was married there September 25, 1853, 
to Miss Charlotte Lamjihere, Her parents were natives of New York. She was born 
November 15, 1830, in Niagara, Niagara Co., N. Y. ; came to Michigan in 1852. They 
lived in Lenox one year. Subsequently, he was located in Richmond Village, and asso- 
ciated with his brother Joseph and his brother-in-law, James M. Hick, running stage 
from Ridgeway Station to Romeo. August 13, IStil, he enlisted in the Ninth Michigan 
Infantry as Sergeant; remained with them until 1802, when he was dischai-ged, and was 
recniiting officer from that time until ISIU. when here-enlisted in the Fifth Infantry, 
and served until the close of the war. His wife died September 3, 18(4. He was mar- 
ried, May 13, 1875, to Mrs. Martha D. Shattuck Dryer, daughter of Dwight Shattuck and 
Mercy (Briggs) Shattuck; Dwiizht born February 15, LSll, in Massachusetts; sulisei|Uinitly 
lived in Junius, Wayne Co.. N. Y. ; came to Mt. Clemens, and was married to Miss ^lerey 
Briggs. daughter of Abel Briggs and Martha (Dickinson) Briggs. Abel Briggs was a native 
of Rhode Island, and came to Wayne County, N. Y. Mr. Shattuck came to Macomb, Ma- 
comb Coimty, when it was in its early stages: was the first settler on his land in Macomb 
County. Mrs. Martha Halsey was born in Macomb December 5, 183(3. Dwight and Mercy 



^ 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Briggs were married in January, 1835. Martha Shattuck married Nathan Dryer, son 
of Thomas Dryer, April '24, 1S5(J. He died Februaiy 19, 1869. 

H. R. HAZELTON, P. O. New Haven. The stave and himber man of New Haven 
was born near Brantford, Canada, April 5, 1S35, and is a son of Thaddeus Hazelton. of 
Lenox Township, who came with his family to Macomb County in 1S3S, settliug in Ray 
Township. It was here oui- subject was brought up in the woods, and early learned to 
sling the ax and grubbing hoe. He attended school in a round log cabin and sat 
on a slab bench. The family residence was a round log cabin, with a stick chim- 
ney, and the old fashioned fire-place. At the age of eighteen, Mr. H. left his paren- 
tal roof, and went to New Baltimore, this county, where, the same year, in company with 
Reuben R. Stewart, he built a sash and blind factory. The latter died in 1855, and our 
subject rentetl it to other parties one year. He then, having obtained his majority, took 
hold of the business himself, ninning it successfully for several years. In the fall of 
ISOC). he traded his factory for a farm in Lenox Township; remained on the farm until 
the spring of 18(5", when he, with two others, erected a hardwood lumber mill at New 
Haven. In 1870. he pm-chased their interests, and afterward added an extensive stave 
and heading department to it. In this mill he employs constantly forty men, and at times 
over one hundred. The daily capacity of the mill is "25,000 feet of lumber, 20,000 shingles 
and eighty barrels of heading. In 1876, he erected a fine, large store building, in which 
he keeps a first-class general store, doing a business of §40,000 anmially, on a capital 
stock of $18,000. During the summer of 18S1, Mr. Hazelton built an extensive lumber 
and stave mill on the Air Line Railroad, near Romeo. His brother, Russell Hazelton, 
superintends the latter mill, where, with a 120 horse power engine, they make large quan- 
tities of lumber and staves, besides a car load of stave wood daily. He also has a store, 
boarding house and blacksmith shop established at the new mill. He keeps eighty men 
constantly on his pay roll. His barn at New Haven is said to be the largest in Macomb 
County. In it is a fountain of living watei-, which flows constantly. The hay is cut for 
feeding by steam cable power from the floui-ing-mill near by. But few men have started 
on nothing, as did Mr. Hazelton, and by hard work and energy risen to the fu-st rank of 
wealth and popularity in the county. His profits from his business for the year 1S81, 
were a little rise of $16,000. When he began to manufacture sash and doors at Baltimore, 
he employed but one man, and that was only a portion of the time, doing most of the 
work himself. In the fall of 1855, he married Miss Adelia L.. daughter of Alanson Dusett, 
of New Haven. She was born in Orleans County, N. Y., as also was Mr. Dusett. They 
have had seven children, of whom five are living — Allison H., Frank B., Delia M., Lottie 
Bell and Arthm- D. Those deceased are— Jennie M. and Edna. Mr. Hazelton owns a 
farm of 115 acres near New Haven, and rents 200 acres adjoining, making a farm of 315 
acres of which his son Allison has charge. The other son Frank B., assists in the man- 
agement of the business at the new mill. 

WILSON JUNE, foreman in Hazelton's saw and stave mill at New Haven, was born 
near Montreal, Canada, September 4, 1.S39, aud is a sou of Robert June, a native of 
New York State, The latter resided on a f ai-m, and owned an ashery, in which our subject 
began to work at the age of sixteen, and continued in that ca])acity several years. He 
came to Macomb County in 1S65, and for the ten years following worked for Austin Wales 
in Erin Township. He then came to New Haven and engaged with Mr. Hazelton as 
foreman in the woods at getting out logs. On June 4, 1875, Mr. June married Mrs. So- 
phia Meartield, daughter of Joel Cartwright. Mi-. J. is an industrious man and a useful 
citizen. 

JOHN G. LEONARD, P. O. New Haven, of Lenox, son of Silas Leonard and Mar- 
garet (Berdan) Leonard, both born near or at Newark; Silas, born in 1787, and his wife 



88U HLSTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

in 1789. Both died at eighty years of age. John G. was born in Pheli)B. Ontario Co., 
N. Y., October 21), ISlfi; lived there iintil seventeen years of age, and came with his 
father to Michigan in 1833; settled in Chesterfield, northeast settlement; was man-ied in 
Ray December fi, -1842, to Eliza A. Crawford, of Ray, daughter of Enoch Crawford, of 
Ray, and Content (Parks) Crawford. Content was born in Saratoga County, N. Y. ; Eliza, 
born in Steuben County, N. Y., April 11, 1822; came with her parents to Michigan in 
1834; died March 2(), 1875. John G. married April 22. 1879., to Catharine Bates, relict 
of Henry Bates. Catharine was born in Delaware County. N. Y. Religious reminiscence 
by Mr. Leonard: First preaching in Crawford settlement by Rev. Booth, Baptist; second, 
William Tuttle, Baptist; third, John Cannon, Christian; first revival meeting by Elder 
Hemmiugway, assisted by Charles Wicof and John D. Seeman; first sermons in private 
houses; very small and uncomfortable; afterward circuit preaching established by the 
Methodist Episcopal Chiu'ch; they still continue schools; first school in 1831-32, Will 
iam Greeuleaf, teacher; wages SI 2 per month; second by John D Seeman, These were 
in small log houses, covereil with elm bai'k; houses known as mud schoolhouses. They 
used to go live miles to logging bees, log raisings, and these were the holiday amusements; 
used to go eight or ten miles to attend the sick at Isaac L, Estic's and Harley Beemau"s, of 
Lenox; these families were sick and entirely destitute, and attended by Dr. Filson, of Mt. 
Clemens. Through his intercession. Christian Clemens sent each family a barrel of flour 
twelve miles over Indian trail; no road cut out. 

HENRY LOWELL, P. O. New Haven, son of Peter Lowell, a native of Sweden: 
pressed into naval service and deserted at New York, and went to Vermont, and married 
Nanc}' Smith Lowell, a native of Vermont. Peter and his wife lived in Vermont several 
years, where they lost all their property; had thi-ee children — Henry, Mary Lowell Scovell 
and Smith Lowell, who was in the cavalry service during the rebellion; died of disease 
contracted there, Henry Lowell, born September 2'), 1825; came with his mother to 
Ohio; then to Illinois, Rockford, Winnebago County, on Rock River; thence to Mt. Clem- 
ens and Baltimore; then to Lenox in 1850, and located on Section 22; was married to 
Sarah Warwick, in Chesterfield, January 12. 1853, She was the daughter of Richard War- 
wick and Mary (Randal) Warwick, both of whom were natives of England, and married in 
England September 10, 1825. Henry Lowell and his wife still i-eside on their farm iu 
Lenox, which they are developing into one of the best iu the township by a thorough sys- 
tem of under-draining. They lend their influence to build up religious and scientific in- 
stitutions, as all good citizens should. 

GILBERT R. LOVEJOY, P. O. Lenox, son of Julius Lovejoy. who was born in 
New York in 1808. and Elizabeth A, (Parker) Lovejoy, who was born in Porter, Niagara 
Co.. N. Y., June 27. 1818, and married to Julius Lovejoy in 1837. (Record burned). 
The Lovejoy family came to Michigan in 1842, or 1843, and located in Columbus, 
St. Clair County, and remained there up to 18()9; then came to their present residence, 
Lenox (Richmond Village), Macomb County, Two of her sons. John M. and Almesou M. 
Lovejoy were in the army in 1862, and died at home of sickness, John in 186/ and Al- 
meson in 1871. Fom- of her sons are yet living — William, mechanic, at Memphis; Henry 
E., conductor on Grand Trunk Railroad. Gilbert was the tirst Village Marshal elected in 
Richmond Village, and served one year and a half, and resigned and went as foreman on 
grade construction on the Michigan Air Line Railroad between Rochester and Poutiac; 
commenced as general auctioneer in 1879, which business, in connection with other 
branches, he is conducting successfully. He is one of the firm of Lovejoy Brothers, in 
the agi'icultiu-al imj)lement business, in Richmond; also partner in the firm of Perkins 
& Lovejoy. coal, lime and building materials. Julius Ii-a, who also resides with his 
mother, is a general produce dealer. The only daughter, wife of Mi", Stoddard, died in 



t 




1874, and is buried in Memphis cemetery. Reminiscences of ancestry: Mrs. Lovejoy 
thinks she is a grand-daughter of Gen. Lee. of the Revolution. Her mother's name was 
Hildah Lee. youngest daughter of Gen. Lee. Soon after coming to Michigan, their house 
and all its contents, including family records, was burned, leaving the family, consisting 
of parents and three childi'en, destitute, and as there were only ten or fifteen families 
within a radius of ten miles, they commenced life again alone, and by dint of close 
economy and hard labor and suffering privations, have succeeded in securing a good home 
and comfortable living. 

A. lAJTTENBACHEK. 

JOHN S. PARKER. P. O. New Haven, sou of John V. Parker, who was born m 
Mansfield. Windham Co., Coun.. and Harriet (Sandford) Parker, born in Coventry, Tol- 
land Co. . Conn. John U. Parker emigrated from Connecticut to Homer, Cortland Co. . 
N. Y.. in 1817. John S. was born in Mansfield, Windham Co.. Coun, May li. 1810. 
and was man-ied to Delia Palmer Januarv 18. 1832: was born in Coventry, Tolland Co.. 
Conn.. December 13. ISll. They removed to Michigan in September, 1835, and located m 
Clinton, now Warren, on Sections 21 and 22; from there to Columbus, St. Clair County, on 
the Gratiot Turnpike, in 1838; one of the first County Commissioners elected in St. Clan- 
County, and for three years held the office. He cleared up two good farms, one of which 
he sold in 18t)6, and bought a hotel in New Haven, which he still conducts for the good 
of hmnanitv, without the aid of liquor. 

CALVIN A. SMITH was born in London, Canada West. June 13, 184 1, and is a son 
of Thomas G. Smith. The elder Smith was born in the State of Vermont, and moved 
with'TTis' family from London, Canada, to this country in 1854. Om- subject, C. A. Smith, 
spent the younger part of his days on his father's farm, and received a good education. 
He worked in his father's stave-mill for several years. This mill was biu-ned m 18(1. 
He began work for Mr. H. R. Hazelton, of New Hdven, in 1874, at scaling and measuring 
timber" He is the chief stave cutter, and when his time is not occupied at the mill, he is 
salesman in Mr. Hazelton's extensive store. He was married November 14, 18(Ht, to Miss 
Mary E. McNellie. by whom he has five children— Rettie J.. Lilly May, Hattie Bell, Burc 
A. and Gertrude L. "Mi-. Smith is now serving his second tenu as Treasurer of Lenox R. 
P. He is one of the Village Council, and is a member of the New Haven Cornet Band, 
and a member of the K. of H. , 

ABNER W. STEPHENS P. O. New Haven, is the son of John Scjuire Stephens, 
of Richmond Village, of Irish descent, and Anna (Woodi-uff) Stephens, who was born m 
Connecticut. Thev were married January 5. 1 .93. Aimer W. was born in Canaan, Litch- 
field Co., Conn., Jime 26, 1801. and emigrated to Pompey. Onondaga Co.. N. \.. m March, 
1807. He had a very limited education, but plenty of hard work, in a new country. He 
was married to Abigail Resseguie October 5, 1825, in Verona, Oneida County. He soon 
removed to Van Bm-eu, Onondaga County, where they resided until they came to Michi- 
gan. He came and t'-ok up 240 acres of Government land on Sections 1 and 12. Town 4 
north. Range 14 east, Lenox. He came with his family in 1836. There was not a farm 
taken up within three miles. He and his brother John lived in a turnpike shanty while 
buildinir his first house. The shanty was burned while they were at work on the house. 
and then- provisions, watch, rifle and most of their clothing, and some money, amounting 
to 170. were consumed. They had to go to Mt. Clemens, fifteen miles, for supplies, ihe 
town was called Ray. He was so far from town-meeting that he never voted until Lenox 
was organized He voted for the first town officers, when no political lines were drawn. 
He voted the first Republican ticket in the town, and has continued on that line. He was 
one of the first Highway Commissioners; served one year as Assessor, and eight years as 
Justice of the Peace, fi^m 1840. He says they had to use all the basswood m town to fall 



^F 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tli« ollieiis. In the fall of 1 S:!0, his monov and provisions wore all gone and nothing raised. 
Willi a family of a wif<> and six childrmi ho care for, th(< future looked gloomy. As the 
only resort, and by request of A. f. I'aird. himlierman of St. Clair County, and some of 
his neighbors, he consented to open a pulilic house on the Gratiot Turnpike. He was 
furnished his lirst barrel of flour for it by Lyman Grangt^r, of Lenox, and forty bushels 
of potatoes by Mr. Simons, of Li<uox, <'ight miles away. Ho had to be trusted by a 
stranger. After navigation closed, he had plenty to do, and succeeded in living and 
rearing a family of nine children, five of whom are living. He cleared up a good farm, 
anil is now i-elired anil enjoying the fruit of his toil in ]ieuceful old age. 



CHAPTER XLI. 



II.MililSON TOWNSIIir 

In the chai)ters of the general history, the early settlement of this township is very 
fully treated. So, also, is the story of the dead city of Uelvidere. Hero it will be merely 
necessary to review its organic history and perhaps mak(> a few special references to its 
present inhabitants 

The first meeting was hold May 28, 1827, in accordance with the terms of the act, 
with William Meldrum, Moderator; Francis Labadie, Justice of the Peace, and Henry 



Taylor, Clerk. The lirst otlicers elected were: James Meldrum, Clerk: Jacob Tucker, 
Collector; Charles Tucker, B. Thomas and F. Labadie, Commissioners of Highways: 
Charles I'letier, Sr., Overseer of the Poor: John B. Chapnii 
given for th(> office of Supervisor. A special election was- 



^ supervisor. A speci 

suited in the choice of Henry Taylor to fill that ofll( 

since 1827 are named below; 



iiys : 

an, Constable. A tie vote was 

as held June '.), 1827, which ro- 

Thi' iirincipal township officers 



TOWN KO.STKl;. 



Supervisors— Henry Tavlor, 1827-29; Jacob T\icker, 1829-38; David Lyon, 1888- 
?,'.)-. George Kellegg, 1839-10; Heman Beal, 1840-41; Henry J, Tucker, 1841-42; Henry 
Teats, 1842-45; William J, Tucker, 1845-48; Antoine Chortior, 1848-49; Alouzo A. 
Goodman, 1849-50; Robert Teats 1850-55; William J. Tucker, 1855-01; Alonzo A. 
Goodman, 18(31-63: Edward Teats, 18(33-()4: William J. Tucker, 1804-08; Edward Teats, 
18(')8-73; Frederick C!. Forton, 1873-75; John FilUn-, 1875-77; Edward Teats, 1877-82. 

Clerks — James Meldrum, 1827-33; Valorous Maynard, 1834-35; Robert Moldinim. 
1835-38; A. C. Hatch, 1839; A. W. Flagg. 1840; Henry Teats, 1841; Henry J. Tucker, 
1842-43; Robert Teats, lS44-4(); Alonzo A. Goodman", 1847-48;' Robert Teats, 1848; 
Jacob Tucker, 1850; David Tucker, 1851-53; Hom-y Van Allen, 1854-50; Randolph 
Stiger, 1S57; Robert Teats, 1858-59; Edward Teats, 1800-02; Simon Eackham. 1803- 
00; Dositee Chortier, 1807-70; John Feller, 1871 72; Henry Frie.s, 1873-74; Lemuel 
M. Sackett. 1875: Henry Campau, 1870-77; Stephen Lawtoii, 1878-80; Francis Chor- 
tier, I<SS1 S3. 

Justit'es of the Peace — David B. Conger, David Lyons, 1837; Hemy Teats, Asher 
Wilco.t. 183S: A. C. Hatch, Alfred C. Hatch, John Connor, Nelson Oviatt, Aaron W. Flagg, 
1S39: Asher Wilco.v 1839 10; George Kellogg, 1840-U; Henry Teats, Robert Meldrum, 
1S42; Tliomas Lough, Robert Meldrum, 1843; Asher Wilcox, Edward Tuckar, Homen 
Boal, 1841; Thomas Rowso, 1845; Henry Teats, 1840; Edward Tuckar, 1847; Joseph 
Demati-essa, 1848; Samuel Shear, 1849; Nathan Mosher, 1850; Jeremiah Johnson, 1851; 



-'4> 



Sam Shear, Homer Beal, Henry Van Allen, 1858; Alonzo A. Goodman, 1S54; Sam Shear, 
Henry Van Allen, 1855; Robert Teats, Henry Frego, 1857; Alonzo A. (ioodman, Henry 
Fre<^e, Samuel Shear, 1858: Henry Teats, Samuel Shear, 1859; S. Raekham, 1.S5U (iO; 
Joshua Dickins(m, 1801; Samuel Shearer, 1S62; H(>nry Teats, ISfili; Robert Meldrum, 
1S()4: Joshua Dickinson, 1S(15; David Tucker. ISfiO; Richard Chotier, 18()7; Sam Sh(<iU', 
John Fuller, 1808; Philip Ballard, LSfUl; David Tuck-r, John A, Fries, 18(i<l-70; Sam 
Shear, 1870; Fred Fint(m, Henry Teats, 1871; Phili|i J3aUard. William J. Tucker, 1872; 
Robert Meldrum, 1878; Andrew Mayhew, 1N74: Itii-hard Tremble, 1S75; David Tucker, 
IS70; Thomas J. Shoemaker, IS77; Jaeol) Hazenljuhlen, William J. Tucker, IS7S: Jo 
seph P. Ballard, 1879; Thomas J. Shoemaker. 1S80; John J. Reimold. IS8I. 

In this township two tickets were run in 1882. the Union and Township, with Henry 
Canipau at the head of each. The I'nicm ticket was successful except for Clerk. Frank 
Chortier. on the Township ticket, beiny elected over Thomas J. Shoemaki^r. liy one major- 
ity. Jacob Hetzeubuhler was eltu'ted Treasurer over John (Jampau \>y one majority. 

OKOAMZATION. 

In acquiesence with the prayer of citizens of Macomb County, the district which lies 
east of a line between a tract (jf laud confirmed to John Tucker and James Connor, and 
extending to the Salin(» River on the north side of the River Huron, and all the counti-y 
which lies east of a line betwtien a tract confirmed to Lewis Peltier and a tract confirmed 
to Pierre Phenix. on the soitth side of the River Huron, iiKduding the settlements north- 
east of the base line, near Milk River on the lake shore, to the mouth of the said River 
Huron, was erected into a township under the name of Harrison. This act was ap[)roved 
August 12, 1818. 

Harrison Township, as erectc^d under legislative enactment. .-Vpril 12, 1827, comprised 
all the country between the county lin(? of Macomb and St. Clair, on the town line be- 
tween Town 4, Range 13, and Town 4, in Range 14, running south to the lake, near the 
faiTU of Joseph Sansfacon.so as to include his farm in the town of Clint(m. which includes 
Towns 4, 8 and a part of 2, in Range 14, was named Harriscm, and tlie first town meeting 
was ordered to be held at the house of Charles Peltier, Jr.. the last Monday in May, 1827. 

The first house of worship erected in the county was the Catholic Church, in 1775. 
This old house stood on the south bank of the Clinton, about four miles below the site of 
Mt Clemens, in Harrison Township. 

The first marriage among the white settlers is supposed to be that of Nicholas Paten- 
aude, in 1758 or 1759. The second that of Richard Connor, or O'Connor, and Mary My- 
ers, the Indian captive, in 17S1. 

The first white female child born in the county was Susanna Cotmor, daughter of 
Richard Connor, who maiTied Elisha Hairington. 

The first white male children were the sons of Patenaude and the son of l{ichar<l 
Connor, who was claimed by the Indians as their adopted child. 

The tirst school organiziid in the county was that under Joseph Rowe, in Harrison in 
17Vt4. A room in William Tucker's dwelling formed the school-room. Rowe remained 
t«n years in the settlement, leaving in ISOl. 

I'llVSK AI. ( iiai:A( Ti;l!ISTII s. 

Han-ison contains a sufficient ([uanlity of the best varieties of timber, including 
white and black oak, black walnut, hickory, beech and maple. The land is about equally 
divided between rolling and level. Near the mouth of the river it is inclined to be flat, 
and, in some pla'ces, swampy, l)ut. on the whole, very little irredeemable land exists within 
its boundaries. The Clinton divides the township into two equal parts. The creeks 
55 



rV 



t 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



known as Tucker sund Venire rle Bd'uf drain the sonthern sections of the town, while a 
small creek flowing northeastward into the lake, waters the northeastern sections. 

As an agriciilhiral region, Harrison ranks with the foremost townships in the county. 
In all of the staple agricultiiral productions it shows a fair proportion. The site of the 
fallen city of Belvidere is an evidence of the progress of agricultural science. Here, 
where once a city was di'owned out, the model farm of Messrs. Campbell & Sackett exists. 

The importance and value of land in Harrison Township is greatly enhanced by its 
close proximity to the county seat. It is bounded on the west by Clinton Township, and 
the corporation limits of Mt. Clemens also touch its western boundary. Its citizens gen- 
erally are an industrious class of people, hospitable and good fanners, under whose guid- 
ance the prosperity of the township is assured. 

East of the mouth of the Huron River, commencing at the now site of the "ruins of 
Belvidere," and between that point and St Clair River, the only two Canadian families 
had settled. These men had "squatted" at a point neai' the bank of Salt River, and had 
possessed themselves there of a salt spring. This salt sjiring was regarded by them as 
the future source of considerable wealth. The salt spring is now well known by our people 
as the one in the little glen where the plank road bridge crosses Salt River, about four miles 
up the stream from the lake. The spring was looked upon as of gi'eat value and impor- 
tance by the agent of the United States Government, who was sent out to investigate and 
survey (he Government interest here in 1S04, and, in a communication to Thomas Jeffer- 
son, Secretary of State, we find mention made of this " Salt Interest "' by C. Jouett, the 
then Indian agent at Detroit. In this report the agent says: "' From experiments that 
have been made, I am justified in saying that this spring deserves the public attention. 
It was wrought some time by a couple of men, who, owing to their want of. capital, were 
incapable of conducting the business on an advantageous plan. By those men I have 
been assiu'ed that a quart of water did with them tm-n out a gill of salt; and in all their 
trials with greater quantities it never failed to produce a like proportion. There is asuffi 
cient (quantity of water to supply works to any extent." This salt spring was claimed by 
a firm whose names are recorded in the State papers at Washington, as Meldrum & Pai'ks, 
and whose title had been obtained from the Indians in some such manner that the Govern- 
ment refused to recognize their claim as of any validity-, affecting, as it did, so important 
an interest. 

FIRST EVENTS. 

The lii-st settlers were the Sauks up to 1520. The Otchipwes came in 1520, and 
drove out the small bands of Wyandots and Miamis. 

William and Joseph Tuckar and Maiy Myers are supposed to be the first English- 
speaJcing visitors to the district now comprised in Macomb County. They were caiTied 
into captivity by the Otchipwes from their homes in Virginia, while yet the elder brother, 
William, was only eleven years of age — about the year 1754. 

Joseph Tuckar died on a desolate island in the upper lake region some time after his 
arrival here, and must be considered the first white man known to the Indians of the Huron 
who deceased. 

The first actual white settler was Nicholas Patenaude, who acquired and improved 
Claim 273. fronting on Lake St. Clair, in 175S. In his testimony before the United 
States Land Commissioners, in 1S08, he substantiated his statement under oath and by 
witness. 

LITERAKV AND EDITC \TIONAL. 

The litertuy privileges of the early settlers were on neither an exalted nor advanta- 
geous footing for many years. Many localities, while yet in their infancy, both east and 
west of this county, were far better situated in this respect. Here the increased and 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



manifold privations debaiTed the pioneers of our county from erecting either the primitive 
log schoolhouse or the equally original sanctuary. But when the harassing circumstances 
of their situation would permit, they exerted every energy toward the development of 
intellectual and moral cultme. At first, very little concert of action could be obtained, 
partly because of the strangeness of the new situation, and partly because many enter- 
tained doubts as to whether they '.vould permanently remain in their new homes. Yet 
those who had families with them manifested a praiseworthy and zealous regard for the 
futm-e of their offspring. Doubtless the first schools taught in the county were those 
taught by the Moravian missionaries, those brave and heroic champions of religion and 
learning, justice and jiiety, whose works have left an indelible impress on the history of 
every settlement in this Western country. The first school taught in the English language 
of which we have any definite authority was under the teaching of Joseph Rowe, in the 
house of William Tucker, in Harrison This was eighty-one years ago. Edwai'd Tucker 
was one of the scholai's in the primary department. The teachers' wages were $10 per 
month, with board, washing and mending included. Mr. Eowe acted in the capacity of a 
savant whenever an occasion ofiered. He frequently read the Episcopal burial service 
at funerals, as there were none present to conduct any other exercises. He remained 
about ten years in this vicinity. After jieaee again pervaded the settlement, the families 
residing on the river east of Mt. Clemens built a log schoolhouse a few rods from the site of 
the residence of Lafayette Tucker. This was the first schoolhouse in the county. Benjamin 
P. Dodge, a British Tory, was one of the first teachers who occupied it. Richard Butler 
taught school in it as early as 1S24, and Dr. Henry Taylor in IS'27. The school drew 
scholars from the distance of five miles. Hemy Harrington was one of Dr. Taylor's pupils. 
Robert Tate, a Scotchman, taught school in this county as early as 1S0(3. It was a family 
school, gathered at the house of William Clemens. After he had fulfilled his mission 
here as a pedagogue, he returaed to Canada, whence he came. After the war, Ezra 
B. Prescott employed his spare time in advancing the interest of education. He built a 
house just below the residence of John Stockton. To show his versatility of talent, he 
lived the life of a bachelor and kept house for himself. "■ The school was a literary cen- 
ter for the settlers, and, for want of artificial carriages to reach it, the children resorted to 
those which natm-e afibrded. John Hays, then a lad, would mount his pony, take on two 
of his sisters behind him, and away to school, giving his pony the limits of ranging 
through the hours of study. When their daily task was done, they retiu-ned by the same 
conveyance." 

PRESENT .SCHOOLS. 

There are three district schools in the township, now under the direction of David 
Tucker, James Perry and Edward Teats. The buildings are frame, valued at $1,70). 
The total expenditure of the township for school purposes, diu-ing the year ending Sep- 
tember 5. INSl, was about .? 1,100. $292 of which were paid to the teachers. The number 
of children of school age in the township is 285, of which number 170 atteaded school 
regiilarly during the yeai-. The primary school interest fund amounted to $2S3; the 1 
mill tax to $292.52, and the balance derived fi-om other sources. 

B10GP.\PIIirAL. 

The history of this township is continued in the personal sketches of its most i)rom- 
inent citizens, given in the pages devoted to that branch of local history. 

CHARLES BOOTZ. P. O. Mt. Clemens, Box ir.9, was born in Northern Germany, 
September 7, 1824: he was raised on a farm and received the education which the com- 
mon schools of Germany afford; he lived with his parents until 1S4H, when he bought a 
farm for himself, and the same veai" married Miss Anna Kunstman, Mav 27: there were 



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^4« — «- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



nine cliildron born to them in Germany — Minnie, Riecka, Alwine. Fred, Emily, Anna, 
Charli's, Emil and Mary, of whom two are married — Minnie and Riecka. Mr. B. and 
family left Germany May HI, 1S7"2, and, arrived at New York June IS: goiufj- West, they 
reached Detroit, where they remained until 1N74, when they moved to Macomb County and 
located on seventy-one acres on P. G. 1()7; this proi)erty is estimated to be worth .f-i.oOO. 

RICHARD B. CONNOR, P. O. Mt. Clemens, born at Detroit January IS, 1849; was 
educated at the University of Notre Dame. South Bend, Ind. After leaving college, he 
entered on the life of an agriculturist and stock-raiser, which he has made a success. He 
married Miss Archange Rivard, daughter of Ferdinand and Pauline Rivard. Feb. 1, 1870. 
To them eight children were born, of whom Isabelle, Richard P., Allen R., Mary A. and 
Frances C. are living. The family belong to the Catholic Chm'ch. Mr. Connor has been 
Superintendent of the Schools of Harrison; filled other town offices and is the possessor of 
a valuable farm of sixty-two acres, on P. C. 1()3. 

ARNOLD JOBSA, P. O. Mt. Clemens, a native of Holland, settled at Ontario, Wayne 
Co., N. Y., about the year 1844; he came to Macomb in 18()7, and located his farm; his 
wife, Miss Nellie Johnston, is a native of Holland. Louis Jobsa was born March '2^>. 1839; 
was raised on a farm; received a common-school education; has been elected Town Treas- 
urer and Justice of the Peace and resides with his father. 

FRANCIS LETOITRNEAU, P. O. Box No. (588, Mt. Clemens, father of Mrs. Jose- 
phine Paquette. was born in Macomb County in 1800: he labored on the farm until ISl."), 
when he began the trade of ship and house builder. Mi's. Josephine Paquette was born 
Jixne 1, 1833, at Detroit, educated in the common schools, and subsequently studied in 
her father's house. The family moved to Mt. Clemens in 1S.")4, where Miss Josephine 
Letourneau was married to Jarvis Paquette, at Mt. Clemens. June If). 18-")7, by whom she 
had eight children, seven of whom are living — Mary C, Joseph, Francis. Louis, 
Marie, Charles and Fred; her husband was instantly killed. February 18, 1878, by a fall- 
ing tree or limb. The Paquette family resided at Detroit from 1857 to 1874, when they 
located on P. C. No. 17"), where the family now live: the property is valued at $3, (UK), 
being seventy-two acres, with dwelling-house and improvements. 

JAMES PERRY, P. O. Mt. Clemens, son of John and Mary (Kelly) Perry, natives of 
Ireland, was born Mareh 4, 183(5; he was educated in Ireland, and completed his studies 
in Rochester, N. Y. ; his parents settled in the Canadas in 1841, moved to Rochester, N. 
Y., where James Perry joined them in 1848; he learned the cooper's trade and followed 
it for four years, until 18")4; he married the daughter of John A. and Margaret (Mink) 
Fries, September '2'\ IS.")."), when they moved to Macomb County: they are the parents of 
twelve children — John H. , Ella R.. Eugene, Lucy and Lewis, twins, James, Mar- 
garet. Maiy J., Edith and Eva. Mr. Perry is a member of the Presbyterian Church; he 
owns 100 acres on P. C. 17'2; he makes a specialty of horse-raising; two of his animals 
were awarded the first prize for two years at the State Fair, and always take the first pre- 
mium at the county fairs. 

JOHN J. REIMOLD, son of John J. and Catharine Reiraold, natives of Germany, 
was born at Wurtemberg October (5, IS'iS; received a liberal education and left his home 
for the United States in lSr)3; arriving at Mt. Clemens, he resumed farming, and then 
entered the butchering business, which he continued until 18(j3. He married Miss Pris- 
cilla Moser, daughter of Nathan and Elizabeth Moser, February 18, IS-")?; they are the 
parents of eight children — Alice, Fred, Rosa, Mary, Sarah, Charles, Henry and Jennie. 
Mr. Reimold holds the offices of Justice and Drain Commissioner; he is a member of the 
Mt. Clemens Grange, Lodge (337; owner of 13"2 acres in P. C. '229, Harrison; is an exten- 
sive stock-raiser and a thorough agricultiu-ist. 



^1 



'i>^ 



T. J. SHOEMAKER. P. O. Mt. Clemens, resides on French Claim 229, settled origi- 
nally in lT9"i. by John Loveless, who sold to Joseph Eobertjeau in 179N. 

"FRANCOIS "X. STARK, P. O. Mt. Clemens, was born in the Kingdom of Bavaria 
April I. 1840. Jacob Stark, who brought his family to this country in lS5>i. died shortly 
after his arrival. The family located on a farm (ju Swan Creek, where they lived for two 
years, then removed to New Baltimore, where two more years were passed: next, to Sjiring 
Wells, Wayne County, and ultimately, to Harrison, where Mr. Stark's mother and sister 
have a farm of :^30 acres, on P. C. 129. F. X. Stark married Miss Mary Livernois, of 
Wayne County, in 1<S()9; they were the parents of ten children, of whom seven are living 
— Mary E., Francis M., Frances S., Joseph, Charles A.. Mary E. and Edward F. Mr. 
S. carried on a brick factory at Spring Wells for seven years previous to his coming to 
Harrison Township. 

EDWARD TEATS. Supervisor of HaiTison, was born in Dutchess County, N. Y.. No- 
vember 27. 1829. Henry Teats, who came to this county abovit 18;-i7, was County Register 
of Deeds for two terms; he moved to Dickinson Coimty, Kan., in the spring of 18S0, and 
died there the same year, aged eighty- fom- years. Edward Teats came to Macomb in 
1841, and now resides on Private Claim 107, Harrison Township, where he owns eighty- 
four acres of fertile land. Mr. Teats is a farmer and stock-raiser. He was married, in 
18-"Jl. to Harriet Rackham, of England, who came with her parents to Detroit about 1840, 
and to this county in 1849; they are the ])ai'ents of ten children, nine of whom are living 
— Rhoda M. . Elizabeth, Kate, Ai-thui', John. Florence. Belle. Olive and Grace. A refer- 
ence to the organic section of the sketch of Harrison Towship will show the positions 
which he has held. 

NORRIS TUCKER, P. O. Mt. Clemens, a member of the pioneer family of that 
name, is referred to in the general history of the county, where the Tucker family is 
treated historically. 



CHAPTER XLII. 

EIUX TOWX.slIIP. 

The same references that have been made to the settlement of Harrison apply eijually 
to Erin. Here some of the first French squatters located. 

Erin is one of the most thickly settled townships in the county. In point of popula 
tion, it ranks second. In 1874, the census shows the number of inhabitants to be 2,400: 
number of families. 448, and of dwellings 433. The population in 1N80 was 2,095. The 
township is a fine agricultm-al region: the product in the following staple articles being, 
in 1874, winter wheat, 14.565: rye. 1.858; corn. 30.(511; oats, 42.0S0; barley, 2,5N3: jio- 
tatoes, 20,119. The township has a fair proportion of timber, including the be.st Michi- 
gan varieties. The principal stream in the township is Milk River, which rises in Wayne 
County, and traverses Erin Township in a northeasterly direction, and empties into Lake 
St. Clair, at the southeast corner of the township. 

ORfiANIZATION. 

Erin Township was organized under the name of Orange, by authority given in the 
act of March 11, 1837. It comprised all of Township 1 north, of Range 13 east, together 
with' Sections 12. 13. 24. 25 and 30. of Township 1 north, of Range 12 east. Section 36 



-Tj® T^ 



^V 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



of Warreu was added to this township iu February, 1S42. and a year later, March 9. 
I S4;!, the name of the district, as organized, was changed to Erin. This change of name 
is said to be due to the fact, that in the year 1S4:1 a hirge influx of Irish citizens had 
come to Orange, and, the name not corresponding to their Hibernian ideas of propriety, 
they had it changed to Erin, after their native isle. 

TOWNSHIP OFFIl'KK.S. 

Supervisors — John B. Cottrell. 1837-88; County Commissioners, 1S;!S-1:3; Israel 
Curtiss, 1S48-44; Solomon Porter, 1.S44-45; Israel Cm-tias, 1845-52; William Stevens, 
1852-58: Peter McGovern, 1858-55; Henry L. Reeves, 1855-59; Jacob Hetchler, 1859- 
(52; James Whiting, 1862-65; Jacob Hetchler, 1865-66; Austin Wells, 1866-67; James 
Whiting, 1867-78; Robert A Barton, 1878-76; John Dedenbach, 1876-81; Robert A. 
Barton, 1881-82. 

Ju.stices of the Peace — Allen Winslow, John R. Rivard, Moses Conn, Thomas Kailey, 
1887; Allen Winslow, Israel Curtiss, Isaac Hall, 1S38; John Ready, Elias Stern, 1889; 
Thomas Willett, 1840; Israel Cm-tiss, Solomon Porter, 1841; Henry Diegel, 1842; Austin 
Wales, Charles Constantine, 1844; Israel Curtiss, 1845; Jacob Harder, Thomas Kailey, 
Elias Stone, 1846; Sam W, May, 1847; Silas Aldrich. Elias Stone, 1848; Israel Curtiss. 
1849; Peter McGovern, Thomas Kailey, 1850; Peter McGovern, 1852; John Reddy, John 
Morehouse, 1858; Israel T. Curtiss, 1854; Benjamin May, Henry L. Reeves, 1855; John 
Brownlee, 1856; John B. Cottrell, 1857; Levi C. Lyon^ 1858; "Moses Bottomley, 1856; 
Henry Deagel, Peter McGovei-n, William H. Smith, 1859; John Brownlee, M. Bottomley, 
I860;" Henry Blake, 1861; Austin Wales, Peter McGovern, 1862; William L. Curtiss, 
George Mead, 1868; Francis De Fer, Henry Deagel, 1864; Peter McGovern, 1864-65; 
Austin Wales, Hugh McCaiTon, 1865; Francis Ellair, John Strieker, 186('>: George C. 
Mead. John F. Eberline, James Whiting, 1867; Joseph Williams, 186S-6;); Jac(jb Ketch 
ler, George C. Mead, 1870; James Whiting, Charles Cox, 1871; Casper A. Schettler, 
Robert A. Barton. 1872, 

The election of 1882 resulted as follows: Supervi.sor, R. A. Barton, Republican, 191; 
John Dedenbach, Democrat, 155; Republican majority, 36. Clerk, Henry Bloss, Demo- 
crat, on both tickets. Treasui'er, Chai-les Freehauf, Democrat, 196: William Bottomly, 
Jr., Republican, 148; Democratic majority, 48. 

TOWNSIIir SCHOOLS. 

District No. 5 was organized in 1850 by Benjamin Wheat. After much difficulty in 
selecting a location, a site was agreed upon, when the first log schoolhouse was erected. 
Each one in the district furnished his quota of logs. The first officers were: Francis De 
Fer, Sr., Director; Nelson Labadie, Moderator, and Louis Frazer, Assessor. The first 
teacher emjdoyed was Mrs. Catharine Moran. Her salary was $14 per month. The dis- 
trict comprises a French jiopulation. Through the influence of the teacher — Charles 
Domini, who has been employed since 1866 — a new schoolhouse was built in 1870. 

\lI,LA(:i:S. 

The village of Frazer, in Erin Township, is a country post office and station on the 
Grand Trunk Railway, six miles southwest of Mt. Clemens Court House and nineteen out 
from Detroit. The depot is one-quarter mile distant from the post office In the vicinity, 
there is an Evangelical Lutheran Church, a district school and steam stave and heading 
factory, the products of the latter forming the only exports. The business aud profes- 
sional circles of the hamlet comprise about a dozen persons. The post office is conducted 
by F. C. Kollmorgen. The principal business is conducted by the stave and heading fac- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



tory. There are some other manufactories. The Canadian Express Company and the 
Western Union Telegi-aph Company do business here. 

The village was founded in 1S57 by Alex Frazer. The first store was established by 
Fred Eberlein. a Bavarian, who settled there in 185(5. A stave-mill was built by Eberleiia 
& Co. in ISI)."), who operated it two years, when the company sold to F. Eberlein and Will- 
iam Beauclerc. The concern was sold to John Gapt, who sold his interest, in 1S72, to 
Charles Knorr and John Gutow, and the latter selling to Charles Steffias resulted in the 
formation of the present fii-m. The company manufacture at present staves, headings, hard- 
wood lumber, ax-handles, whiffletrees, neck-yokes, and also operate a feed-mill. 

The first blacksmith shoj) was that of F. Eberlein, established in 1S56. Frazer is a 
German village. A Lutheran Church, which sustains a large gi-aded school, is in a pros- 
perous state. The schoolhouse now Ijeing built is estimated to cost $2,000. 

One of the most complete wood-working mills in this part of the State is that of 
Knorr & Stefleus, at Frazer. The establishment includes a large stave and heading mill, 
a saw-mill and an ax-handle factory, and gives employment to fifty hands. The firm 
finds itself, at the season's end, with $'2r),000 in dry stock on hand, from which it will 
realize a handsome profit. Their business may be judged from the fact that last year they 
paid no less than $S,000 in freight to the Grand Trunk. Enterprising manufactiu-ers like 
Knorr & Stefleus are a solid advantage to any community. 

There is a small and steadily growing settlement called the Junction. It is located 
at a point where the Utica plank road intersects the Gratiot road. 

Roseville is a village of 400 inhabitants, in Erin Township, Macomb County, four 
and a half miles south of Frazer, on the Grand Trunk Railway, three miles from Lake 
St. Clair, nineteen miles above Detroit and ten south of Mt. Clemens. The place con- 
tains six chiu'ches— one Catholic, thi-ee Lutheran, MetJiodist and Presln-terian — and several 
schools. Fruit, grain, hay and potatoes ai'e the exports. Gustave Schuchard is Postmaster. 

Rev. Messrs. J. S. Schimdt, J. List and Amdt, of the Lutheran Churches: 

Rev. Andi'eas Meyer, of the Methodist, and Rev. J. Van Straken, of the Catholic Church, 
are the only resident pastors. The physicians are James Yates and Henry Feldman. 
There are three potash manufacturers, one stave factory, eleven stores, two saloons, one 
hotel, with a number of wagon-makers and blacksmiths. 



I'KIisOXAL IIl.STORY. 

The biographical sketches of many of the most prominent citizens of the township, 
ajjpeariug in subsequent pages, contain many valuable references to the history of this 
township. 

HENRY ACKERMAN, P. O. Roseville, son of George and Elizabeth Ackerman, who 
came fi'om Germany to New York City in lS2t), to Wayne County in 1S82, where the for- 
mer died in August, INTO, and the latter in OctoVier, ISH;! Henry was born November 
IS, 18-t2, in Wayne County, which he made his h<ime until twenty-eight years old. He 
was married, October 29, 1S70, to Miss Rebecca, daughter of D. McFarland and Eliza 
Apling, former of Scotland, latter of England; this lady was born August V), lS4r); they 
were the parents of two childi'en, one of whom is dead. Mr. Ackerman is the owner of 
fifty- eight acres on Section 8L 

STEPHEN ALLARD, P. O. Roseville, son of Louis and Therissa (Bellor), was born 
in Wayne County, Mich., February 8, 1880; his father died in 1888, and his mother in 
18r)8: was educated in France school; was raised on the farm; he inherited twenty-two 
acres and now owns eighty acres on Private Claim ()2r). Erin Township. Mr. Allard was 
maiTied, June 28, 1S")1, to Miss Elizabeth Chapien, to whom were born twelve children 
— James, Moses, Benjamin, Therissa, Stephen, Pontiff, Augu.st. Charles, Mary, Julia, 



Elleu aud Josepli. James Allarcl was married. November '21, 1S77, to Miss Mary Piett, 
(laughtor of Michel and Eliza (Nurzel) Piett ; they are the parents of three childi'en, two 
of whom are dead. The family belongs to the Catholic Church. 

ROBERT A. BARTON, P. O. RoseviUe. was born in Hudson, N. Y.. May S, 1824; 
his fath(>r was born in Georgia, and held the position of Second Lieutenant, First Dra- 
goons, under Col. Backus, and subsequently Captain of the Forty-sixth United States In- 
fantry, during the war of LS12; he received the latter commission from Pi-esident Madison; 
at the close of the war. he settled at Hudson, where he married. In 1S;^H, he moved to 
^lichigan. where he died; his family consisted of eight children — Frederick, James, John 
L.. Elizabeth. Robert A., Theodore, Thomas J, and Henry C. Robert A. was married, 
May 29. 1849. to Julia A., daughter of Pierrs Gouiu. of Grosse Point. Wayne Co.. Mich.; 
this lady died April 8, 18()S; he married Miss Polly Vernier, of Erin Township, who died 
February 1, bS72. Mr. B. held the office of Supervisor for 1872-7ij and 1S81-S2; he 
has been Justice of the Peace for twelve years: he is the owner of si.xty acres on Private 
Claim H2r), where he made his home. James. Louisa and Rhoda are the chiklren by the 
first marriage; Abraham, Thomas, Henry S. and Robert by the second marriage. 

HENRY BLOSS. P. O. Roseville, was born September 2.'), 184S; his father, Thomas 
Bloss. and mother, Catharine Mershel, natives of Germany, came to the United States in 
1847, and were married the same year. Henry was raised on a farm and received a Ger- 
man and English education; in 18()9, he went to Bay City, where he worked in a saw-mill 
until ]N78; in the latter year, he returned to his farm in Erin Township; in 1878, he pm-- 
chased the Charles Rehfeld store, where he now conducts a general business. He was 
man'ied, in Mav, 1878; he was elected Town Clerk in 1879. which position he now holds. 

THOMAS 'common, P. O. Fraser, son of Richard and Jennette (Laing) Common, 
natives of Scotland, who were married July N. 1814, was born August 17, 18:58; he came 
with his parents to Detroit, in 1.S44, and lived there until 1S4H; his mother died June 28, 
1845, his father April 11, 1852. Mr. Common. Sr., while working as a mason at Detroit, 
purchased eighty acres in Erin Township, and settled on this farm in 1847. Mr. C, Jr., 
was raised partly in Scotland, at Detroit and in Erin: he served one year in a drug store 
before moving to his farm; at that time, neighbors were from four to six miles apart; his 
fu'st farming ojierations were attended with success, and down the years to the present 
time rich harvests have always attended his labors. He was married, September 27, 1857, 
to Miss Marion, daughter of Samuel D. and Mercy (Briggs) Shattuck, the former born in 
Chesterfield, Hampshire Co., Mass., February 15, 1811, the latter born at Potter, N. Y., 
July 22, 1818; ten childi-en were born to this marriage. The family belong to the Pres- 
byterian Church. Mr. Common visited Great Britain and Ireland in 1877. leaving home 
July 4. and retiu-ning in September. 

CHARLES DEMRICK. P. O. Roseville, son of Frederick and Elizabeth Demrick, 
was born in Germany November 19, 1888; came with his parents to the United States in 
1852, and settled in Oneida County, N. Y. ; four years later, the family located the home- 
stead on Section lit, Erin Township, where Charles Demrick now lives. Mr. D. , Sr. , died 
August 25, lSfi9, and. on July IS, 1880, his mother deceased. Mr. D., Jr., was married, 
November 18. INtw. to Miss Amelia, daughter of Henry and Maiy A. Savage, the former 
born in New York, and the latter in England. Mi-s. D. was born June 27, 184(); they had 
six children, five of whom are living — Almon H., Ray E., Edgar, Carl and Minerva. 

JACOB A. GAUKLER, P. O. Roseville, Macomb Co., Mich. ; he is the son of Jacob 
and Barbara (Wuneh) Gaukler, was born at Wurtemberg, Germany, June 8, 1845. The 
family came to the United States in 1858, and located at Detroit for a short time, and in 
Erin Township. In 1854, Mr. G., Sr., purchased one iicre and a house; in 1855, he 
opened a small gi'ocery store and meat market; subsequently, moved to Gaukler's comer, 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUJsTY. 



where his son Jacob A. Gauklei- now carries on his extensive business. He was married, 
January 2(), ISliV). to Miss Josephine Weber, daughter of Frank and Elizabetli Weber, 
of the city of Detroit, Mich.; they are the parents of six children, four of whom are living 
— Mary E., Victor P., Arthur H. and Frank O. I. Mr. G. owns, together with his busi- 
ness, MO acres of land; he has been Clerkof the township for seven successive terms and 
delegate to conventions and prominent in all matters connected with the township. The 
familv belong to the Roman Catholic Church. 

JOHX HOUGHTON. P. O. Roseville. son of Thomas and Mary (Giles) Houghton, 
was born in Yorkshire. England, January 81, 1S21; he came to the United States June 9, 
11S44, and located within iive miles of Detroit; subsequently, he rented a farm, which he 
worked for two years, and next located a farm on Gratiot road, where he operated a brick- 
yard. April 1. 185(5, he moved to Erin Tovraship, where he now owns and cultivates ViO 
acres on Section 20. and ten acres on Section '2'\ Warren, joining; he is also the owner of 
a farm of tifty acres at Troy. Oakland County, and is an extensive stock-raiser. Mi-. H. 
married Miss Margaret Galtry. daughter of Matthew and Mary Thomson Gal try, March 
1. 1S44. to whom were born four children. In October, 1 855, he married his second wife. 
Miss Mary A. Hersey, to whom were born eight children; lastly, he married Miss Mary 
Goodwin." daughter oE Elijah and G. Hall Goodwin, to whom were three children born; of 
the fifteen children, there are thirteen living. 

MATTHEW T. HOUGHTON. P. O. Roseville. son of John and Mary (Galtry) 
Houghton, was born September 11, 1845; he married Miss Prudence, daughter of Henry 
and Mary A. (Reed) Savage, January 14, 18(')8, to whom was born one child. Mrs. Sav- 
age died" April 17. 187(1. For the four succeeding years. ;Mi-. Houghton traveled a good 
deal. He man-ied Miss Mary A. Whiting, daughter of James and Mary (Young) Whiting, 
April 11, 1872, to whom was born one son— Ai'thur Houghton; in lS7;i he pm'chased 
forty acres, on Section 9, Erin. Mi-s. Houghton died in her new home March 21, 187(); 
he subsequently married Miss Catharine Teats, daughter of Edward Teats, who is the 
mother of Elmer Houghton. Mr. H, is a farmer and stock-raiser and a member of the 
Presbvterian Church. 

CHARLES KNORR, P. O. Fraser. born in Germany June 2H. 1 840. is the son of 
Christian Knorr; he came to Detroit in lS(i4. and to Macomb County in 18(2, where he 
engaged in the manufacture of staves, headings, handles, etc., with Mr. Steffens. He was 
married, in lS6(i. to Miss Elizabeth Schmidt, a native of Germany; to them ten children 
were bom, seven of them now living— Maiy, John, Caroline, George, Hermann, Julia 
and Frederick. The family belong to the Lutheran Chui-ch. 

DENNIS O'CONNELL. P. O. Roseville. bom in Cork County, Ireland, in 181 <, 
came to Montreal. Canada, in 1847; to Burlington. Vt., in 1S48, and to Detroit in 1850. 
IVIr. O'Connell received a liberal education in Ireland, where he was teacher in the schools. 
On coming to Detroit, in 1850, he turned his attention to the public works; in 1852. he 
resumed the position of schoo' -teacher, which he held until 18rM), when he retired to 
a farm, which he purchased on Section 19, Erin, where he now lives. IVIr. O'Connell was 
married to Miss Tamsin Smith, in October, 1N4(, by Rev. Mr. Connelly, of the Cathedral, 
Montreal. He became acquainted with the lady on board the vessel which brought him to 
this continent, in 1S47; she died. September 2. 1859; she was the mother of five chil- 
dren, the voungest of whom resides with his father. 

LEONHARD SCHNEIDER, P. O. Eraser, this enterprising blacksmith and wagon 
manufacturer was born in Milwaukee. Wis., May 9. 1858; he is the son of George Schnei- 
der, a native of Germanv. who emigrated fi-om his native country to Wisconsin m early 
life. When Leonhard was a small boy, the family removed to Lyon. Iowa, where they 
remained antil 18(55, when thev came to Macomb Coimty. The following year, our sub- 



^F's r~ 



ject began to learn the blacksmith trade; in 1S74, ho began business for himself; he pur- 
chased the old shop of Fred Heisner, at Fraser, and, in the fall of ISTC), built a new one, 
47x30 feet; he carried on the business, which has so rapidly increased, that he built an 
addition in ISS'i, 44x10 feet; he has recently taken his brother George as a partner in the 
business; there is a wagon-shop in connection with his shop, which makes in all a very 
extensive manufactory. Mr. S.'s business is constantly increasing; in addition to his 
shop and factory, he is doing a very extensive business in the sale of all kinds of agricult- 
ural implements. In 1874, he married Miss Anna Odoerfer, by whom he has two boys and 
three girls; their names are as follows: Anna, Elizabeth, George, Magdalena and Fred- 
erick. 

GUSTAVE SCHUCHARD, P. O. Roseville, is the son of George F. and Anna M. 
(Lipp) Schuchard. natives of Ulrichstein, Darmstadt, Germany, was born November 1^7, 
lfS29: his father was collector of taxes in Germany for fifty years previous to his death, 
January. IS.IS; his mother died May 20, 1847. Gustave attended school vintil 1848; in 
184t), he entered the military school, where he studied until IHo'l. save with the term of 
service with the ai'tillery in the revolution of 1848; he was jH'omoted to commissioned 
officer; received a medal for meritorious conduct from the Duke of Baden and one from 
the Duke Ludevig, together with a picture of the latter; he holds all his old school-books, 
together with a certificate for military honors. He was married to Magdalene Spengler, 
daughter of the collector of internal revenue, at Hesse-Darmstadt, April 1), 1 8,") "2 ; this lady was 
born August S, 1829. at the city of Worms, and started the day after her marriage with her 
husband for the United States; they settled in Erin Township, where he began work July 4, 
18r>2, and worked six years in saw-mills; saw hai'd times by clearing up a piece of land 
and received no pay for it; then started in the peddling business, and then was engaged 
in operating a thre.shing machine; in 1858. he cleared some land and became a trader and 
fai'mer; next, operated a threshing machine, and ultimately inaugm-ated his store at Rose- 
ville; he was appointed Postmaster in 1N()(), Notary in INliU, Census Enumerator in 1880; 
he has been Justice of the Peace since 1871; School Director three terms and Director of 
Mutual Fire Insurance Company of Macomb and St. Clair Counties for six years; 
he received Hr)0 majority vote for Justice of the Peace in 1881. and served foiu- 
years. Mr. and Mrs. Schuchard are the parents of twelve children, and members 
of the Evangelical Chm-ch. The Benevolent Society of Roseville was organized 
by Mr. S. and charter given from this State, July, 187(), being Secretary from beginning 
of said society, and still holds said office. The meetings will be held in the hall free of 
charge diu'ing the existence of said society. 

GEORGE J. SEIFFERLEIN. son of George and Frederica (Purnberg) Seiffijrlein. 
was born in Bavaria. Germany. December 2. 188)5. Mr. S. came to the United States in 
1852. and located in Macomb County; he woi-ked at the carpenter trade until the stave- 
mill at Fraser was established, and afterward, until 18<)2: during that year, he purchased 
a threshing machine, and to this business and farming he devoted his attention; in 1879, 
he purchased a steam thresher. His marriage with Miss Elizabeth Measel took ])la3e in 
1858; they had twelve children, of whom eight are living — Dorothea, aged twenty-four 
years; Louisa L.. aged seventeen; George, fifteen; John, thirteen; Christ, eleven; Rosa 
M., nine; Leouhard, five, and Frederica, seven months. Mr. S. held the office of 
Township Trea.surer in IS80-M. and is the owner of a valuable farm of 100 acres, in 
Erin Township. 

CHARLES STEFFENS. P. O. Fraser; he is the son of Adolph and Mary (Magee) 
Steffeus. who was born July 12. 1835. at Dusseldorf, Prussia, where he received a normal 
school education; he came to the United States in 1854, where he was joined by his 
parents in 1857. He married Miss Aning, in 18()2, to whom were born six children — 






HISTORY OF MACOMB COUKTY. 



Charles W. is dead; Matilda E., Mary, George, Kosa and EmiUe are living. He married 
Miss Caroline K. Hoffmeyer, November 80. 1875. to whom foiu- children were born — Fred 
W. G.. Ella, Clara D. and Andi'ew. Mr. S. is now engaged in the mannfactui'e of 
staves, headings and hardwood lumber, his trade aggregating $:iO,0()0 per annum; the 
factory was established in 1ST8; the company formerly belonged to a company of six, 
comprising John and Fred Eberlein, W. Beau.clair, H. Knorr, G, Seiferlein and F. Rein- 
dell. Mr. S. now owns 250 acres of land in the county, together with the Eraser stave 
factory. 

JOHN STKICKER, P. O Roseville, son of Jacob and Louise (Roechs) Strieker, na- 
tives of Germany, was born January 18, 1825; the family came to Detroit and remained 
there six months, then moved to a farm at Grosse Point, in 1834, where the mother died; 
in August, 185(), Jacob Strieker passed away. In his early days. John Strieker assisted 
in clearing the homestead farm, and also attended the publi,; school established near his 
home, in 1N>57-H8. IVIi\ Strieker married Miss Louise, daughter of Heniy and Eliza 
(Schweinee) Strieker, born June 10, 182tt; her i)arents came to the United States in 1S4<), 
and located in Wai'ren Township, where her father died in A|)ril, and her mother Decem- 
ber 25, 1878. 

GAZETTE VERNIER, P. O. Roseville. was born February 22. 1843; he is the 
son of Leon and Archange (Tremble) Vernier, natives of Michigan, who were married in 
1818; his grandparents were natives of Montreal. Canada; at the age of eighteen, Mr. V. 
assisted in the United States survey of the city of Green Bay, Wis., in which duty he 
was engaged for two years; he was married, November 30, 1805, to Euphonia, daughter 
of James and Jane (Galloway) Rankin, who came from Scotland in 1838; they were the 
])arents of ten childi'en, of whom seven are living — James R, L., John S., David, 
Jane A.. Gideon G.. Ennis M., Francis J. Mr. V. inherited eighty acres, Private Claim 
025. 

HENRY VERNIER. P. O. Roseville, son of Antoine and Adeline (Socier) Vernier, 
was born January 12, 1847; his earlier years were devoted to the farm and school, until 
1807, when he was married. Mr. Vernier owns twenty acres of the old homestead, to which 
he added twenty acres, making a valuable farm; his dwelling-house and farm buildings 
form valuable additions to this property. He still carries on the farm and operates the 
Lake St. Clair store, founded in 1872. Mr. Vernier and wife were the parents of eight 
childi'en, foui' of whom died while rpiite young; the names of the living are Louis, Frank 
W,, Henry J. and Frederick. 

HENRY A. WALES. P. O. Roseville, son of Austin and Amy (Wilber) Wales, was 
born Jane 1, 1834; he passed his youth at Detroit, where he received a fair education; he 
came with his parents to Erin Township in 1849, where his father purchased 700 acres of 
good timber and built a sawmill. Hemy A. worked in connection with the mill for some 
time, then returned to Detroit to continue his studies, and, after nine months, took charge 
of the concern in Erin; there he remained until 1804. when he went to Detroit; return- 
ing, he had charge of the mill until its destruction by lire, when he became a farmer and 
veterinary surgeon. He was married. August 4, 1853, to Miss Mary E., daughter of Sul- 
livan L.and Lucy A. Power, the former born at Troy, N. Y.. 1815. died in January, 
1871; the latter in Pennsylvania in 1811. died in December, 1880, both settling in Mt. 
Clemens in 1841. Mi-s. Wales was born November 27, 1835, in Pennsylvania, and died 
Mav 20. 1881; she was the mother of three children —Cornelia L., Willie H. and 
JuHa D. 

JAMES YATES, M. D.. P. O. Roseville, son of Richard and Caroline (Nicholson) 
Yates, the former born May 19, 1810, the latter born June, 181(5, in England, was born 
]\[arch 25, 1840; came to Canada with parents in 1850, where his mother died, June 



22, 185(): he learned tlie carpenter's trade from his father, at which trade he worked, 
together with farm work, until 1857. when he visited Illinois. He married Miss Caroline 
Leraux. daughter of Benjamin and Mary (Grantier) Leraus. May 5. IS.j'J; this lady's 
grandfather came from France in the vessel which brought Gen. La Fayette to our shores; 
her father was born at Boston: served in the war of 1812; again under Gen. Winfield 
Scott. After his marriage, he returned to Canada, in 18(.)0; in 181)1, he bought a 100- 
acre farm, which he worked for eight years; in 1870, he commenced the study of medi- 
cine, under Dr. Allen Crawford, of Duart. Canada; in January. 1872. he entered the 
Medical College of Detroit, from which he received a diploma. March 4, 1874; he began 
2>ractice the same year at Clarkston. Oakland County; continued at Waterford. returned 
to Clarkston. and finally, locateol in Erin Township, in 1875; he is a member of the Both- 
well (Canada) Lodge, 179, F. & A. M. ; was Sei-geant in the Canadian militia for some 
time. Mr. and Mrs. Yates were the parents of live children, four of whom are living — 
Florence J., Benjamin, Josephine and Carrie G. 



CHAPTER XLIII. 

CHESTERFIELD TOWNSHIP. 

Throughout this State there cannot be found a more beautifully located township than 
Chesterfield. Within its limits many of the early French settlers made their homes. 
There also that natm-al locator, the Indian, built his wigwam, and squatted, so to speak, 
in the midst of [tleuty. The lake and streams of the townshi]) offered the lazy red men 
their wealth of fi.sh; the forest, its game: and the soil, the wild fruits, herbs, and, in some 
cases, corn. 

So many references have been made to the town of Chesterfield in the general history 
of the county, and so complete are the biographical sketches of its citizens, little remains 
to be written here beyond the special items pertaining directly to the township. 

The fii-st exodus of the Indians of the Macompte band took place in 1S;30. The rem- 
nant of the band left the county in 1S38. 

Among the earliest and most prominent settlers of Chesterfield Township were the 
Ashleys. Louis La Forge (who died in 1872. nearly one hundred years old). Francis Yax, 
the Miltons, John Horriman. Robert W. Knight, William Little, Elisha Weller, John and 
Stephen Fairchilds, Zej^haniah Camj)bell. Zai'a Granger. Joseph Horriman and John 
Lusk. 

The first actual white settler in Chesterfield was Charles Jennar, born at a point in 
Harrison Township now called Liverpool, in 1816. He came with his grandfather, Charles 
Seer, in 1819, to an Indian village then located one half mile below New Baltimore, where 
Seer bought some land and there settled. Shortly after this, other pioneers came and lo- 
cated near the Indian village, then standing by the Riviere Aux Vase. 

Among the first German settlers in Chesterfield were Mr. Barker, father of William 
Barker, of New Baltimore; Seifert, Ai'mand Rabe, Krause; Reumen, who set- 
tled on Salt River in 1853: and J. J. Wuestenberg, who settled on Section 10, in 1854. 
The family of the latter settler numbered twenty-one. including children and gi-andchil- 
dren. 

The first post office in Chesterfield was established in 1837. with Robert O. Milton. 
Postmaster. The office was kept at his hoTtse, and bore the name New Haven Post Office. 



^1 



1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



This was moved to New Haven Village, and another established at Milton, now conducted 
by Alfred D. Kice. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The fractional township of Chesterfield was organized in the year l.S4'J. It was taken 
from Macomb Township, and the first election was ordered to be held at the schoolhouse 
near the residence of Charles B. Matthews. 

TOWN EOSTEB. 

Supervisors — County Commissioners, 1842^3; Samuel P. Canfield, 1843—1:4; Ben- 
jamin T. Castle, 1844-46; Cyrus B. Symmons, 1846-48; Chai-les B. Matthews, 1848^9; 
Cyrus B. Symmons, 1849-50; Samuel P. Canfield, 1850-51: Eber C. Denison, 1851-53; 
Samuel P. Canfield, 1853-54: Eber C. Denison. 1854-55; Charles B. Matthews, 1855-56; 
Joshua C. Parker. 1856-57: Joseph Hubbard, 1857-59; Parker Hart. 1859-60; Charles 
D. Crittenden, 1860-61; John Milton, 1S61-65; Ford L. Milton, 1865-66; Parker Hart. 
1866-67; Joel Hart, 1867-70: Charles D. Crittenden, 1870-71; Joel Hart. 1871-72: 
John Milton, 1872-77: Warren Barker, 1.S77-79; Joel Hart, 1879-80; William Baker, 
1880-81; William C. Jones. 18S1-82. 

Clerks— Kobert A.Milton. 1842; Robert W. Knight. 1843; Charles B. Matthews, 
1844-46: Joshua C. Parker. bS48; Hiram Denison, 1849: Robert O. Milton, 1N50-53; 
Livingston Ax ford, 4854; Hiram Denison, 1855; William D. Holt, 1S56: Rodolphus Kern, 
1857; D. N. Taylor, 1858; James Macaulay. 1861; Albert Hendilcks, 1861; John J. 
Crocker, 1^62; Andrew J. Rose, 1863-64; Erastus Q. Chamberlin. 1865; Andrew J. Rose, 
1866; Francis Johr, 1867; William Randall, 1868; C.J.Glenn. 1869; Lewis Rose. 1870; 
Eda W. .Shattuck, 1871: C. L. Braddish. 1872; Sidney O. Knight. 18(3; C. L. Braddish, 
1874-75; P. F. H. Schars, 1876; John Hansien, 187"7-7.S: .Joseph M. Wilson, 1879-80; 
Christian Schnover, 1881-N2. 

Treasurers— Zalmon M. Gray, 1S42: John Bates, 1843; Joshua C. Parker, 1844-46: 
Parker Hart, 1847-49; Charles B. Matthews, 1850-51; John Milton, bS52-53; Robert 
A. King. 1854-55; Charles D. Crittenden, 1856-57; Charles S. Knight, 1858; Joel Hart, 
I860; D. M. Mills, 1861-62; L. H. Canfield, 1863-64; Moses K. Bortree, 1865; Amos 
Van Horn. 18()6; George W. Douglass, 1S67: William Baker, 186S-69; Addis L. Hack- 
nell. 1870-71; William Baker, 1872-78; Sidney O. Knight, 1879-SO; William Baker, 
1881-82. 

Justices of the Peace— Robert Douglass, bS42; Daniel Shattuck, 1S42; Sam D. Shat- 
tuck, 1843; Robert Thompson, IS44; Zalmon Gray, 1845: David Meldrum. 1845: Robert 
W. Knight, 1846; Joshua C. Parker, 1847; DanielHedges, 184S: Robert P. Crawford, 1849;« 
Samuel Goodsell, Stephen Fairchild, Thos. M. Crocker. 1852; Hiram Dennison, 1853;Chas. 
D. Crittenden. William T. Little. 1S55; Robert Thompson, 1857; Josiah D. Bm-gess, 
1858; John Bates. 1859: Ferdinand Morrell, I860; Jackson Freeman, 1861; Cortez P. 
Hooker, 1861; James F. Buffixm, 1S62; Alonzo Gilxson, 1863; Josiah D. Burgess, 1S63: 
George L. Phelps, 1864; Cortez P. Hooker, 1865; J. D. Burgess, 1866; John Bates, 
1867; George L. Phelps. 186S: Cortez P. Hooker, 1869; D. Milo Heath, 1870; Josiah D. 
Burgess, IST'O; Warren Parker, 1871; J. S. P. Hathaway, 1872; D. M. Heath, 1873; S. 
P. Fuller, 1874; Josiah D. Burgess, 1874; George Wallers, 1876; Ford L. Milton, 187 (: 
William C. Jones, 1879; John McCinch, 1880; D. M. Heath, 1880: D. M. Heath, 1881. 

The elections of 1882 resulted as follows: Supervisor, Warren Parker. Democrat, 241; 
George Walter, Republican, 141 : Democratic majority. 100. Clerk. Christian Schlosser. 
Republican. 202; G. C. Walker, Democrat, 183; Republican majority, 19. Treasurer, 
William Baker. Democrat. 247; J. L. Thompson. Republican. 13 c Democratic majority, 
110. 



^- 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



CHURCHES. 

The Catholic Cburch of New Baltimore was built under the direction of Rev. Theo- 
philus Buyse, in LS71. The parochial house was erected in 1S77, by Rev. A. J. Lambert, 
and to him also is due the credit of erecting the Catholic school buildings in ISSl. The 
early history of this chiu'ch is identical with that of L'anse creuse and Mt. (Clemens. 
The congi'egation is large. 

St. John's Lutheran Church, N. B., was organized under Rev. Mr. Engel. Rev. An 
drew Birsset became pastor in 1879. This church is referred to in the general history of 
the county. 

St. Luke's Protestant Episcopal Church of New Baltimore was organized by Rev. 
Milton Ward in 1.S55. The congi-egation never had a house of worship, nor a permanent 
rector, but has been attended by different clergymen from time to time. The present 
minister is Rev. A. B. Flower, of Marine City. The membership is small, but very ear- 
nest and faithful. 

The Congi-egational Church at New Baltimore was organized .Ipril 29, ISSfi. 

The Congregational Chiu-ch of New Haven was founded October '20, 1S68. 

The Free-Will Baptist Chiu'ch and Methodist Episcoj^al Church at New Haven, and 
the Baptist Chiu'ches of Macomb and Chesterfield were subsequently organized. 

The Congregational Chiu'ch at Chesterfield was organized February 18, 1S47. The 
first Methodist Episcojial clas.-* was organized in 1833. The first meeting held in this 
town, and the first sermon preached, were recorded in 183".^. Rev. Mr. Coe, a missionary 
sent out by the Presbyterian Board, held this meeting at the house of Elisha M'eller. 

s";hools. 
The following table will be sufficient to prove the interest taken in educational aS'airs 
by the people of Chesterfield. The school building at New Baltimore is one of the proudest 
monuments to educational zeal in this State: 



DISTRICTS. 



Number of D'-scrii'ti.tn of Vwlue of 

Pupils. S hool Build'gs. Sclioul Build'gs. 



District No. 1 

District No. 2 

Di.strict No. 3 (fractional) 

District No. 4 

District No. 5 (fractional) 

District No. 6 

Disirict No. 7 (fractional) 

District No. 8 

Lake School District 

Totals 



Frame. 
Frame. 
Frame. 
Brick . 
Brick . 



$150 
1250 
1400 
,-)00 
300 



275 74 
310 48 
343 85 
327 53 
257 97 



89 


Frame 


.1 1000 


343 07 


35 


Frame. . . . 


.; 1.50 


259 52 


36 


Frame. . . . 


.1 600 


224 6r. 


398 


Brick .... 


.' 2400S 


2790 59 


878 




.i 129350 


i $5133 36 



MASONIC. 

The Lake St. Clair Lodge. F. & A. M. , No. S'l, was organized tinder dispensation June 
2(i, 1855. with S. B. Famham. W. M. ; J. P. Fuller, S. W. ; R. B. King, J. W. ; J. L. 
Thompson. S. D.; J. McChesuey. J. D. : S. F. Atwood. T.; J. M. Chapman, Secretary: 
and John Lutz, Tiler. The present officers, as installed by Past Master William Randall, 
are: D. Hedges, W. M. ; S. A. Knight, S. W. ; A. H. Shafer. J. W. : M. M. Sanders, T. ; 
William Randall. Secretary; E. F. Haight, S. D. ; C. Burgess, J. D.; and Abel Davis, 
Tiler. 

NEW BAt.TIMORK. 

New Baltimore, formerly called Ashley, contains l.HXt inhabitants. Its location, on 
the lake shore, north of Anchor Bay, is very desirable. The village is thirty miles above 



-^- 



Detroit, aud four and one-half southeast of New Haven, on the Grand Trunk Railway, its 
nearest shipping point. The village has four churches — Catholic, Congregational. Epis- 
copal and Lutheran — and a school known as the Hatheway Institute, built at a cost of 
§22,000, bequeathed by Gilbert Hatheway, deceased. Among its Inisiness men are 
James S. P. Hatheway,' William Baker, Milo D. Heath, William W. Howe, AVilliam W. 
Parker. Horace Perkins, H. Petipren, C. Schlosser. C. Schnoor. John A. Smith, C. Tor- 
nay. E. Willain. Hemy Rose, Joseph Busch and R. Teichman. The professions are rep- 
resented by Joseph M. Chapman and David Hammell. physicians. The pastors of the 
Chi-istian churches of the village are Rev. Messrs. A. J. Lambert and H. H. Mautiels. of 
the Catholic Church; A. Deroset, of the Lutheran: and M. S. Augell, of the Congrega- 
tional. The post office is conducted by Milo D. Heath. 

New Baltimore Lodge, No. 19(53. R. of H., was organized January 1, 18S0, with D. 
M. Heath, G. H Benedict, John Carlson. L. S. Pai-ker. C. A. B. Hultgren, H. Zimmer- 
man. Charles Woodgrift. S. J. Benedict, H T. Leonard. J. M. Chapman. E. F. Haight. 
J. W. Tavlor. George B. Parker and H. L. Brown, charter members. The present officers 
are: C. A. B. Hultgren, D. ; Flovd L. Milton, Y. D.: J. M. Chapman, A. D.; Ford L. 
M'"lton, R.; William Collofi", F. R.: D. M. Heath. C: H L. Brown. T. ; E. F. Haight, 
Guide; George H. Parker. Guard: R. L. D. German. Senior: and J. W. Taylor, John 
Carlson aud August Colloff, Trustees. 

Chestei-tield, a hamlet of fifty inhabitants, is located five miles north of Mt. Clemens. 
A few settlers located there in 1830, but not until the completion of the Grand Trunk 
Railroad through the township did the place become a little business center. In fact, 
until very recently, there was not a business house there. At present, Daniel McLean is 
the village blacksmith: James C. Patton. grocer: O. H. Patterson, cider-manufaetmer; J. 
E. Tremain, railroad and express agent: and Samuel AVeller, dealer in cattle. 

Milton Village is located on the Grand Trunk Railroad, eight miles northeast of Mt. 
Clemens and thirty-three above Detroit. It has three chiu'ches — Baptist, Congi-egational 
and Methodist — and a district school. The postoffice is conducted by A. D. Rice. The 
pastors of the chiu'ches are Rev. Messrs. P. A. C. Bradford. Congregational; D. W. Ful- 
ler, Adventist; F. A. Hazen. Methodist; and Rev. W. King, Baptist. The business circle 
comprises E. C. Denison and A. D. Rice. A. Goodsell is the physician: John McKinch 
and Ford J. Milton. Justices; William Hortenna, blacksmith. 

MANUF.\CTURING INDIISTRIKS. 

Hatheway's planing-mill, sash, door and blind factory was built by the Kern Brothers 
in I8(j3. Those settlers disposed of their interest in the concern to the present owners. The 
himber for this concern is shipped in the Hatheway boats from Alpena. The machinery 
is driven by a forty-five horse-power engine, and is of the newest j)attern. The building 
is -1^0x60 feet, and the whole concern under the management of M. M. ~anders. 

J. C. Adams, proprietor of the Adams Planing-Mill, built by John A. Smith in 187 (, 
must be numbered among the lai-ge lumber-manufacturers of Michigan. He pm-chased 
this concern in 1881. and introduced whatever machinery was necessaiw to render it a first- 
class factory. He is also owner of the EastTawas steam saw-mill, the capacity of which is 
estimated at 35.000 feet per day. These industries give emplojTuent to fifty-two men. His 
liunber harvest averages 4,000.000 feet every winter. This average will be increased din- 
ing the coming season, as it is his piu-pose to extend the business here, introduce more 
machinerv, and invest $10,000 more in the concern. 

The "stave and heading factory erected in IS'rl by William Jenny is still in operation. 

BIOGRAPHY. 

In the pages, devoted to personal history, are given sketches of many of those men 



who made the township their home, and raised it from its primitive condition to the rank 
of one of the first divisions of this county. 

J. C. ADAMS was born in Coshocton County, Ohio, February '2, 1830; here he re- 
ceived a liberal education; in lSt)2, he removed to Buchanan County, Iowa, where he 
was engaged for two years in the cattle trade; subsequently, he removed to East Tawas, 
Iosco Co., Mich., his present home, where he siiperintends the work of getting out lumber 
for his mills, one of which is located in that village: the other, to which is attached an 
extensive lumber-yard, is situated in New Baltimore. Mich., and is managed by his son. 
He married Miss Mary W. Adams, of Coshocton County, Ohio, to whom was born, May 
'2. 1S()0. one child, alluded to above. 

ALFRED ASHLEY, deceased, was born in New Hampshire June 13, 1794; he was 
the son of Mr. Ashley, a well-known citizen of that State; came to Western Ohio when a 
boy; studied law. but was forced to resign his chosen profession on account of ill health; 
he returned to Batavia. N. Y., where he was elected Constable; served several years in 
succession; c;une to Mt. Clemens in 18-i() and built a saw-mill on the North Branch, to 
which he added Hoiu--mill machinery in 1827. He was maiTied to Miss Euphonia Atwood 
in 1824; moved into Mt. Clemens Village, where he operated a store for several years; 
erected a hotel where Fleumer's flouring-mill now stands, which was the best hotel north of 
Detroit: he constructed the steamboat Lady of the Lake in 1828. which was run by Ca2:)t. 
S. F. Atwood. He moved to Chesterfield Township in 1845; founded the village of Ash- 
ley, now New Baltimore; built the first saw-mill in Ashley, and the plank road to Romeo: 
constructed the first steamboat at that place, and built the first dock there; reference to 
the political chapter of the general history will give the record of his election to the Leg- 
islature in 1838. His children were Alfred, born October 7. 1825, and Maria, born Feb- 
ruary 11, 1828; the son married Mrs. Ellen Stone, and the daughter married George B. 
Van Eps; the former died in New Baltimore in 1873; the latter died at Mt. Clemens June 
28, 1847. Alfred Ashley. Sr.. died a faithful member of the Congi-egational Church. Se])- 
tember 7. 1857. The saw-mill which he built in New Baltimore is still in operation. 

WILLIAM BAKER, merchant, of New Baltimore, was born in Ohio February 22. 
1845. During the last six years, he has built n\> for himself a lai-ge trade in dry goods 
and general merchandise. 

CORNELIUS E. BALDWIN, P. O. New Haven, was born in Yates County. N. Y.. 
April 9, 1824; came with his father to Mt. Clemens in 1833, and thence pushed into the 
wilderness now known as Chesterfield; he received his education in his native county, and, 
up to the present time, takes that interest in the education of the peo^ile so characteristic 
of the pioneers of Michigan; he has continued to reside on the old homestead uj; to the 
present time. Mr. Baldwin manned Miss Margaret A. Leonard, of Lenox, to whom were 
born two children— Fred C. and Arthur J. He married Miss Lam-a Cruttouden. of Ma- 
comb, born November Ki. 1833. to whom was born Mary A. Baldwin, April 25, 1872. 

ELI H. BATESisthesonof Ezra Bates, of Vermont, a native of West Haven, Portland, 
Conn., born in 17U(), a settler in New York of 1808, and a soldier of the war of 1812. 
Ezra was married to Margaret Green January 2<), 1822, to whom twelve children were . 
born, five of whom are living: he died in 18711, while the mother is living with Eli H, , 
aged seventy-eight years. Eli H. Bates was born in Clarkson Township, Monroe Co., N. 
Y., May 28, 1832; came with parents to Macomb County in 1835, and settled on the home- 
stead. Section 5. Chesterfield, where he owns a well-improved farm of eighty acres. Ho 
was married, in 1858. to Miss Cerinda Hazelton. who was the mother of Arthur J. and 
Berton T. Mrs. Bates died in 1872. In the fall of 1874, he married Miss Anna, daugh- 
ter of Samuel Wood, of Mt. Clemens. James E. Bates was a soldier in the late war. 



±z:A^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



serving in Company A, Ninth Infantry: he died May 3, 18f54. of disease contracted in the 
service. 

JOHN BATES, deceased, son of Russel Bates, of Vermont, vras born in Monroe 
County, N. Y., October 7, 1819; came with parents to Michigan in 183(), and settled on 
Section 5, Chesteriield, in the midst of tlie wiklerness. He was married, October 1, 1845, 
to Miss Roxauna Green, daughter of Mnj. Roswell W, Green, who settled in Macomb in 
1830; they were the parents of three children, of whom Ellen M. and Warren L. are liv- 
ing: Ellen married the late Charles R. Lusk. Mr. Bates died November IJ, 1881: he 
served as Justice of the Peace for many years, and was a much- esteemed citizen. 

H. L. BROWN, a native of Sandusky, Ohio, settled at New Baltimore with his par- 
ents in 1858; he was born in 185(5; in July, 18N1, he inaugurated a printing office at New 
Baltimore. 

ALFRED BUECHLER, born at Detroit December 14. 185(3; he is the son of Paul 
Buechler, of Switzerland, who settled in Detroit in 1848; in 1873, he returned to Switzer- 
land, and is now living there; his sou makes New Baltimore his home. He is an active pol- 
itician, and takes an especial pride in being a tirm supporter of the Republican platform. 

JOHN CHAPMAN was born in Exeter, N. H.. January 30, 1783; moved with his 
father to Maine in 17U0; there he was educated at the Green Hill Academy; in 1804, he 
settled in Ontario County, N. Y., and there married Miss Jane Drake May 2(^, 1815;"his 
three children. Mary Jane, John C. and Amy Ann, were born in Ontario County, and 
came to Michigan with their parents in 1824. Mr. Chapman located lands on the Shelby 
and Washington town line. Joseph M. Chapman. M. D., and Henry Clay, were born 
here on the old homestead. The pioneer died at his home January 18, 1865. aged eighty- 
two years; he was one of the clearest mathematicians of the United States, the original 
writer and compiler of the book known as Ostrander's Ai-ithmetic. After locating his 
family, he retiu-ned to Detroit and engaged in building the First Presbyterian Church, on 
the corner of Rivard and Jefferson avenues, for which work he never received any pay ; he 
was accustomed to work at his trade during the summer months, and teach school during 
the winter. In 1845, he retired from his trade and became one of the most esteemed Jus- 
tices of the Peace and Notaries known in the county; the duties of this office he fulfilled 
up to a short period before his deafli. It is stated positively that to him much of the 
credit due to the invention known as the solar compass belongs; he assisted William A. 
Bm-t by the solution of all the difficult problems connected with such an instrument. Mrs, 
Chapman, who learned the weaver's trade in New York, was the only weaver, in 1S24 and 
1825, between Tremble Mountain and Mt. Clemens; she was consequently well qualified 
to aid her husband in the care of a large family, for the reason that her own earnings 
summed ui) a very respectable amount annually. It is related of this pioneer lady that, 
while rotm-ning from a visit to a neighbor's. Mrs. Hiram Miller, who was ill, she was con- 
fronted by a large, himgry-looking wolf; the mother had the jiresent Dr. Chapman, then 
a child, in her arms, but yet she lost none of her presence of mind; halting, she allowed 
the wolf to pass, and then ran homeward with all her speed. She lives with Dr. Chap- 
man, past ninety years, in good health 

JOSEPH M.' CHAPMAN, M. D„ son of John Chapman, a pioneer of Macomb 
County, began his studies under Prof. Nutting, at Romeo, in 1844; continued imder Mey- 
ers, of Rochester, Oakland County, where he studied and taught mathematics for three 
years; in 1847, he was assistant teacher at Oberlin College, Ohio, where he remained 
until 1851, when he entered the medical college at Cleveland, Ohio; after one yeai-'s term 
there, he returned to Shelby, and resumed his favorite subject of mathematics as tencher 
in the schools of Disco; subsequently, he entered the medical college at Ann Ai-bor; stud- 
ied under Drs. Pitcher and Brodie, of Detroit, who had charge of St. Mary's House of In- 
56 _ 



^^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



valids; he graduated in the spring of 1854; he began practice with the late Dr. Cooley, 
at Washington Corners; he established his office, September 'I'l, 1854, at New Baltimore, 
where he still resides, and he has won the confidence of a wide circle. He entered the 
army in 1804 as Assistant Surgeon; served ten mouths in the hospitals in Jeffersonville, 
Ind. , and subseqneatly on the field before Nashville, where he had to labor day and uight 
among the thcusands of sufi'ering soldiers; again, at Tullahoma, Tenn., he did good serv- 
ice, and remained nntil the close of the war in that service which saved to the country 
many of the men who fell upon the field. Dr. Chapman was married to Miss Caroline 
Fellows, of Disco, by whom he had four children — John H. , born in 1850; Ella was born 
in 1858; Harvey S., born in 1801; Leo M. Chapman was born March 22. 1877. Henry 
Clay Chapman, brother of J. M. Chapman, was born in 1832; he is favorably known as a 
pulilic s])eaker. politician and a member of the Masonic order. 

WILLIAM COLLOFF. born at Berlin, Prussia. December 30. 1N4S, came to Buftalo, 
N. Y. . with his parents in 1851; next to Casco, St. Clair Co., Mich.: thence to Joliet in 
180)5, and to New Baltimore in 1807, where he was engaged in mercantile business. He 
married Miss Rossalee Lalond, of this village, May 12. lS72; they are the parents of two 
children — Urra. born September 'J, 1875; and Dora, born September 13, 18S(t. Mr. Col 
lofi' is a member of the Knights of Honor, in which society he has held the position of F. 
R. since January, 1881. 

JOHN CRITTENDEN, born January 3. 1790, in the town of Conway. Franklin Co., 
Mass., came to Michigan in the fall of 1831, where he commenced to carve out his fortune 
in the woods, as there was no clearing or even neighbors. This State was then a Terri- 
tory. Mi\ Crittenden was a militiaman in the State of New York in 1814, and stood his 
draft for the war. He was married, in Albion, Orleans County, in 1818. to Miss Phcebe 
Goodi'ich, of Manlius Square, Onondaga Co., N. Y. : has three sons living. Mr. Critten- 
den is still a hale old man, and has the use of all his mental faculties. He rode on the 
first steamboat ever built. 

ALFORD M. DENISON. son of Eber C. Denison, was born at Guilford, Chenango 
Co., N. Y., July 20, 1835, and in 1839 moved with parents to Broome County; in 1S4(), 
came to this State with parents; in 1800, went to California and Nevada. He was mar- 
ried to Anna B. Milton, of Chesterfield, September 24, 1874: thev have three childi-en. 

EBER C. DENISON, born in Greene County, N. Y., October 30, INOit; in 1810, 
moved to Chenango County, N. Y., where he remained until after his father's death, which 
occurred in 1S30, after living to the age of sixty-nine; in 183N, his mother died, and left 
him comparatively free; he moved to Broome County, same State, in 183'.), and lived there 
iintil 1840, when he moved to this State and bought a farm in Macomb County, where he 
still lives, and intends to spend the remainder of his days; he has always taken an active 
part in the affairs of the township where he lives, having served the township as Super- 
visor and in other offices; he was elected Justice of the Peace, but did not qualify: was 
man-ied to Miss Charlotte Mills October 23. 18:^4, of Chenango County, N. Y. : they are 
the parents of three children. 

GEORGE W. DOUGLASS, born in Middlesex County, Ontario, Canada, settled in 
Ohio with his parents, and. after one year's stay there, came to Michigan and located in 
Chesterfield Township; he was one among the number drafted for the war in this county, 
but, on reaching the rendezvous at Pontiac, received an honorable discharge. He came 
to Macomb County while it was still a wilderness, and shared in many of the dangers and 
troubles of pioneer life; to-day his industry is rewarded, and his battle with the world 
conceded to be successful. Mr. Douglass married Lucinda Denison, of Chesterfield, in 
1860; this lady was a native of Chenango County, N. Y. ; for a long time a settler of 
Chesterfield; she died in 1876. He married Amelia Jacobs, of Lenox, in 1877. Mr. 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Douglass has two children — Josephine, born March l(i, ISHO; and Stephen, born Febru- 
ary lU, 1N62. He is a relative of the Stephen A. Douglas family, being the fourth re- 
move, on the father" s side, son of Robert and Hannah Douglass, natives of Vermont, who 
moved into Canada at an earlv day. 

STEPHEN FAIRCHILD, farmer, born in the town of Phelps. Ontario Co., N. Y., in 
181(1, came here with his mother and sisters in 1832 and settled on the farm he now occu- 
pies. The first Protestant meeting ever held \a Chesterfield was held in his house, by a 
missionary from Pennsylvania, in May. 1S82: the first town meeting was held in the same 
house, in the same year: this was when the township was called Macomb. Mr. Fairchild 
was elected Highway Commissioner and Justice of the Peace: beheld both ofiiees for three 
years; was married to Miss Sophia Spoor, of Lyons, Wayne Co., N. Y., October 25. 1S3S: 
has had one son, who volunteered in Company L, Twenty-second Michigan Volunteer In- 
fantry, and died of typhoid fever. Mr. Fairchild takes an active part in politics and edu- 
cation. 

ALLEN FARR, farmer, was born at Paris, Oneida Co., N. Y., August 22, 181S, where 
he received a common -school education; came to Michigan in April, 1S33, arriving by the first 
boat in the spring; settled on a Government grant, and commenced clearing his land. He 
married Miss Mary Carl, of AVayne County, N. Y., July 4, 1836; Mrs. Farr was born April 
4. 1S19, and was married at her father's house in Lenox. Mr. Fan- was a ([uiet. unassum- 
ing man: took an active interest in education, and lived a temperate and industrious life: 
was a strict churchman, having connected himself with the Free- Will Baptists a number of 
years ago. He passed away in peace at his residence. September 11, 1877. 

HENRY F. FARR. born at Parish, Oneida Co., N. Y., December 30, IS 11), came 
with his parents from Livingston County, N. Y., to Chesterfield in 1S33. Mr. Farr re- 
ceived the education which the early schools of the East, as well as of Macomb County, 
offered. When leaving New York, his father had $600. together with his personal prop ■ 
erty; the Western trip cost at least $100; the 160 acres which his father located cost |350: 
a cow and yoke of oxen, with provisions, etc. , almost swallowed up the balance of the cash 
capital: the childi-en, as well as the parents, exerted themselves to be equal to the occa- 
sion, and succeeded in their battle with the wilderness. Mr. Farr remembers attending 
as manv as sis logging bees and one raising in one week. He married Miss Julia Ann 
demons, of Livingston County, N. Y.. September 2S, 1843: has had foiu- childi-eu— Will 
iam Farr, born in August, 1844; and Merrit S., bom in September, 1850. He takes a 
deep interest in educational affairs, holding the offices of Director and Moderator for a 
number of years; at the period of his settlement, red deer were so plenty that he could kill 
them at pleasiu'e. 

GEORGE M. FULLER, son of Solomon Fuller, of Vermont, and Eunice Gay, the 
first woman who rode in a wagon in the Oak Hill neighborhood. New York, was born in 
Castile Township, Wyoming Co.. N. Y., January 23, 1S24. George M. came with his 
parents to Columbus," St. Clair County, in the fall of 1845: in 1846, he piu'chased thirty- 
six acres of land in Richmond Township, Macomb: this farm he cultivated, making his 
home at his father" s house, in St. Clair County. In 184S, he returned to New York. 
where he married Miss Elizabeth Brainard and resided until 1852. when he retm-ned to 
Macomb. In 1861, he had 176 acres, which he sold, pm-chasing 160 acres— the Zara 
Granger fann, on Section lit; he owns 280 acres at present, on Sections 11>. 211 and 30; is 
a successful agriculturist and stock-raiser. His children are Frank A., Albert P., Eva A., 
Ella E., Elmer G.. Estella M., Mary E. and Etta. The two oldest are man-ied. Mr. 
Fuller was County Drain Commissioner for one term; he is a member of Patrons of Hus- 
bandry, and of the M. E. Chiu-ch. 

SAMUEL GOODSELL, M. D., born in Mobile, Ala.. July S, 1828, came here with 



P^ 



^1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



liis parents; be received a common-school education, and afterward went to Cle\oland 
College for two years. In 1N7'2 he went to Detroit and gi'aduated from the Homceopathic 
Institute; returning, he commenced the practice of medicine. The Doctor was married 
to Miss Alma Bacon, who was born October 6, 1S82, in St. Lawrence County, N. Y., town 
of Pottsdam; the ceremony took place at RocHfester, Mich., in 1S54; they have three chil- 
dren — Lois Ada, born February I, ISIJ'i; Alletta (}., December S, lSfi4: Lowell G. . April 
17, 1869. 

JOEL HART, P. O. Milton, born in Livingston County, N. Y., October 2, 1S27; set- 
tled in this county with his parents in 1882; he is the son of James Hart, a well-known 
old resident of Chesterheld, who died in 1S57 (referred to in the chapters of the general 
history). Joel Hart was married to Rosetta M. Rice in 1858; six years later, this lady 
died. Iq ISOO, he married Miss Louisa Camtield; two children, now settled comfortably 
in life, resulted from the first marriage, and one born from the second, a lady of fifteen 
summers, is now living with her parents. A reference to the organic hist(jry of this town- 
ship, and to the political history of the county, will show the piiblie offices to which Mr. 
Hart was elected. 

PETER C. HART, farmer, born at Paris, Oneida Co.,N. Y., June 15, 1811; went to 
Annsvilleand lived thereuntil he reached the age of fourteen, when he settled in Livings- 
ton County, N. Y., and remained there for about two years; he labored on the Erie Canal 
for seven years, and, in 1N84, came to this county, took up land and became an actual 
settler. He was married, May 7, 1885, to Miss Eliza Ann Leonard, of Phelps Township, 
Ontario Co., N. Y. . born March 28, 1814, by whom he has three childi-en. 

PUTMAN HART, born in Anusville, Oneida Co.,N. Y., in 1820. received a common- 
school education and came here with parents in June, 1832; this part of Michigan was 
then wild — no schools nearer than Cady's settlement. Mr. Hart takes an active interest in 
politics and education; married Miss Louisa Crawford, of Ray Township, in December, 
1N42; has had one son and four daughters, of whom four are married. 

HON. GILBERT HATHEWAY was born in Plymouth County. Mass., in 1812. He 
married Miss Abigail D. Hammatt, of Nantucket; foiu- children were born to them — three 
sous and one daughter. He came to Michigan in 184(3, but did not reside here until some 
time after, and may be said to have inaugurated those important commercial concerns 
referred to in the sketch of his son, J. S. P. Hatheway. During his early life in Massa- 
chusetts, he was well known in the military circles of the State, and bore the commission 
and rank of militia Colonel. His life in Macomb County was characterii^ed by deeds of 
charity and benevolence. His death, which took place October 26, 1871, drew forth from 
the people unmistakable evidences of sorrow. What interest this citizen took in educa- 
tional matters is best told by the fact that he bequeathed a sum of $15,(^00 to the village 
of New Baltimore for the purpose of erecting a school building to be known as the Hathe- 
way Institute. 

JAMES S. P. HATHEWAY, son of the late Hon. Gilbert Hatheway, was born Au- 
gust 15, 1S84, near New Bedford, Mass., about twenty miles from Plymouth Rock. In- 
dian nomenclature gave the title Sippican (subsequently changed to Marion) to the village 
in which stands the old Hatheway homestead. Mi'. Hatheway settled in New Baltimore, 
Mich., in 1S58, and engaged at once in those important business enterprises which have 
aided so much in the building up of the village. He married Miss E. L. Sampson, of 
Lakevillo, Plymouth Co., Mass., August 15, 185U. a lineal descendant of Miles Standish, 
of Puritanical fame; they were the parents of one child, named Mabel Gilbert, who died 
March 24, ]S81, having been married three months to Mr. Orin Dunham, of Paw Paw, 
Mich. Up to 1874, Mr. Hatheway enjoyed good health; during that year, a rheumatic 
attack confined him to his house, since which time he has been an invalid; he is the eldest 






son of the late Hon. Gilbert Hathewaj, and, ou the death of that pioneer of New Balti- 
more, in ISTI. found it necessary to take charge of the business interests established by 
his father there. The greater portion of New Baltimore belongs to the Hatheway estate. 
This was well illustrated some few years ago. when a circus agent visited the village to 
Ijrejjare the way for his company, he wished to select an eligible site. and. coming to a 
corner- lot. asked his guide, " To whom does this property belong? "' "Mi-. Hatheway," 
was the rasponse. The same question was asked about several other places, and drew forth 
a similar response. At length the agent exclaimed. " Where does this man live, and does 
he own the whole town ? " 

D. ]VnLO HEATH, son of Anth'ew J. Heath, of Livingston County. N. Y. . was born 
in Livingston County April '2.'2.. 1.S44: he came with family to Almont. Lape«r Co.. in ISoD, 
and settled at New Baltimore. Macomb Co., in 1 S53. He learned the harness maker's trade 
when a boy. and has been engaged in that business since 1863. He was married, in 1866, to 
Miss Elizabeth L. Donehue, to whom foiu- children were born, thi-ee of whom are living 
— Robert A., Percy C. and Oakes L. Mrs. Heath died in 1S76. In April, ISSO, he married 
Miss Alice E. Smith, who is the mother of one child, Eva. Mr. Heath was first Recorder 
of New Baltimore; is serving fourth term as Justice of the Peace; has been Notary Public 
for the past sixteen years; Deputy Collector of Customs since 186'.); Postmaster since ISTI I; 
a member of School Board: of the Knights of Honor, and a favoralily known insurance 
agent. 

DAYID HEDGES, born at Northtield. Washington Co., Vt.. April 'IK lS-2(), settled 
at Mt. Clemens in September. IS-t'i: he moved to New Baltimore subsequently, and built 
the third house in the village early in 1S4(J; he was the first village blacksmith; has been 
•Justice of the Peace, and is now Worshipful Master of the Masonic Lodge at New Balti- 
more. Mr. Hedges was married, in 1 845. to Kate Chandler, by whom he had six chil- 
dren, two of whom are living and foiu- dead. 

JOHN HERRIMAN. farmer in Chesterfield, Macomb Co.. Mich., son of Joseph Her- 
riman. Sr., born in Phelps, Ontario Co.. N. Y. . January lo. ISO."), where he i-eceived a 
common-school education; left Phelps. February 10. 1831. with his father, brother Joseph 
and brother-in-law John, Mr. Lusk, for Michigan Territory, with a sleigh and span of 
horses; they were three days getting to Buffalo: came through Canada to the head of Detroit 
River; when one day's drive from Buffalo, one horse became lame (stifled); left the horse 
and brother Joseph and the rest of the party came on to Detroit; while passing down De- 
troit River on the ice, on the Canada shore, at Windsor, the ice broke under them and the 
horse and sleigh went down: the men jumped on to solid ice, caught the horse and held him 
up till help came and pulled him out. After caring for the horse they hired a man to pilot them 
across the river, the ice being very thin; stayed in Detroit two days, making inquiries about 
the country, etc. Detroit was then a very small village; then went to Royal Oak, then north 
to Rochester and then to Romeo and then a few miles east of Romeo, and. after satisfj-ing 
themselves here, returned to Detroit, and was recommended to land on the L'nited States 
Gratiot road, north of Mt. Clemens, where they soon purchased land, six miles north of Mt. 
Clemens; then, after getting the County Siu-veyor from two miles north of Romeo and 
surveying out the lands, commenced building their shanty (snow ten inches deep); got the 
body up the first day. piled brush on the inside, spread their bedding on it and a sheet 
overhead for a roof and took their first night's lodging there, 14th of March: next day. 
got on a shake roof and split timber and laid a floor; then John and his brother in-law 
built a log hj.ise cjve.-jd wi -h shakes (long oak shingles), having only ten men to 
help raise Ihe houses: all the men there were then living within three or fom- miles of 
each other; then John and his father took a sail ves.sel for Buffalo, and went back to Phelps 
after their families, and retiu-ned to Michigan in June following, and thus began their 



'Fie 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



pioneering life in Michigan Territo' y. Joseph Herriman and his nine children all settled 
in Michigan; his wife died in IS-'iO and he in 18()3; Joseph. Jr., stayed in Canada eight 
or ten days with the lame horse: then traded it oflf and came on to Michigan. Mr. John 
Herriman was married to Miss Matilda Kirkham. December 20. iSliU; they have raised 
six children, one son and five daughters; foiu' of the daughters have died. Mr. J. Her 
rimau superintended the building of the First M. E. Church, in Chesterfield, in 1869, 
and the church now stands as a memorial of his last work. He has been very poorly in 
health for several years, and several times not expected to live within five years past. 

REV. THOMAS HOOKER, pastor of Christian Church in Hertfordshire, England, 
wa« born in ir)S(i, came to the American colonies in 163".Z and died July (. Ifi47; his only 
son. Rev. Samuel Hooker, died at Farmington, Conn. . leaving ten children. John 
Hooker, son of Samuel, father of Hezekiah Hooker, who was the first son of John Hooker 
and father of James Hooker, was the grandfather of Cortez P. Hooker, who settled in 
Clinton Township, Macomb County, in 1837. Cortez P. Hooker was born at Hampton. 
Washington Co., N. Y. . in 1814; on coming to this district of Michigan, in 1837, he lo- 
cated lands in Clinton Township, where he remained three years; he next piu'chased a 
wild farm in Washington Township, where he has lived for ten years. He was married. 
in 184"2, and moved to Ashley, now New Baltimore, in 18-")!. Mr. Hooker carried the 
first mails from the tavern at the Gratiot Road Crossing for a terra of one year, until T. 
M. Crocker was appointed Postmaster, who retained the position for three years, when he 
was elected District Attorney and moved to Mt. Clemens. A reference to the political 
chapter will show the popular vote which sent Mr. Hooker to the Legislature in 1849, and 
to the Senate in 18.")"). He was one of the leading merchants of the town, for about four 
years, but for the last eighteen years has devoted his entire attention to agi-icultm-e, being 
one of the most extensive, if not the most extensive, farmer in the county. 

WILLIAM C. JONES, farmer and present Supervisor of the township of Chesterfield, 
was born at Manchester. Ontario Co.. N. Y. , July 30. IH'I'l. and came to Michigan with 
his parents in the year 1831. and settled in Novi, Oakland Coimty, then a wilderness; he 
there saw the hardships of a pioneer life. W. C. moved to Detroit in 1848, and engaged 
in the mercantile business. On the 18th of January. 1852, he was married to Miss Olive 
S. Brown, of Coldwater. Branch Co., Mich.; he moved from Detroit, in April, 1859, to 
Chesterfield, his present home; he now holds the office of Justice of the Peace in his 
second term; his father. Samiiel Jones, was born in Dutchess Co., N. Y., January 20, 1789; 
he moved to Ontario Co., N. Y. , when a boy. He was married to Miss Barbary Hill, of 
Ontario Co.. N. Y.. her birthplace; she was born August 24. 1795, and is now living. She 
was the mother of eleven children, seven boys and four girls: seven boys and two girls are 
now living, all over fifty years of age. 

SIDNEY A. KNIGHT was born in Chesterfield Township in 1S47; he received the 
liberal education which the school of the township ofi"ors, aud now follows the profession 
of book-keeper and mercantile clerk. He was married to Miss E. J. Evans. April 5, 1870. 
Mr. Knight has been Town Treasm-er for some time; is S. W. of Lake St. Clair Lodge, 
No. 82. F. A. M. . and an earnest worker in all matters affecting the township's well being. 

FREDERICK KRIMEL was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, August 19, 1841; set- 
tled in Detroit in 1871, and came to New Baltimore in 1874; he was married, in Ger- 
many, to Miss Rossa Kallar, in 18(i9; they are the parents of five boys and one girl. Im- 
mediatelv after settlement at New Baltimore, he opened a hotel, which he now conducts. 

ABRAM LEONARDSON (deceased), born in Montgomery County, N. Y., March 12, 
lN2r). was the son of Abram. of the same State. Mr. L. came with his mother to this 
county in October, 1843, and located lands in Chesterfield, where he lived until his de- 
cease, January 23, 1878. He was married. May 28, 1852, to Miss Julia, daughter of 



i. 



i>t^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Richai-d Hedges; she was bom in Vermont and was visiting her brother in this county at 
date of marriage; they were the parents of four children — Clara. Jay, John and An- 
nie; Clara is the wife of M. S. Farr, residing at Lincoln, Neb. Mr. L. has been a mem- 
ber of the Christian Church for several years and resides on the homestead. Section o, 
Chesterfield. 

JAMES LEONARDSON. son of Abram, of New York, was Isorn in Montgomery 
County, N. Y., January "29. 1818; he settled near Maumee, Ohio, in the fall of 1848. and 
located lands on Section 8, Chesterfield, in 1845, where he still resides; he took charge 
of a farm when seventeen years ot age, and has piu-sued agi-iculture since that time. He 
was married, in February, 1843. to Miss Eleanor Meagley, of Montgomery County, N. 
Y., to whom eight children were born, seven of whom are living — Abram and Francis 
(twins), Elizabeth, Jane, Ella, Etta and Alice, all of whom are married except the last 
named. Mr. L. was Commissioner of Highways for four years. Notary Public for two 
years and School Director for three years; is a member of the Patrons of Husbandry and 
of the Clinton Church at Romeo. 

F. C. LOSH, proprietor of the Grand Pacific House at New Baltimore, was born in 
Chesterfield September 3. 185fi; he married Miss Emma Springborn, who was born at 
Fair Haven, October "25, IS.jT. The hotel which he proposes opening next summer will 
be a great addition to the village, and doubtless will reward the enterprise of the owner, 
since it will offer to many an inducement to visit the beautifully located village. 

CHARLES MEIYERS was born in Germany October 14,/l8.")4; he came direct from 
his German home to Macomb C/Ounty, and. taking a position as mill hand in the Perkins 
& Son Mill, entered upon that course of earn st labor and industry, which resulted in en- 
abling him to carr}' on that manufactui'ing concern successfully. He married Miss Losh 
in 1871; they have two children, a boy, aged four years, and a girl, aged two years. Mr. 
Meiyers is the owner of the New Baltimore livery, which is a first-class concern in every 
resjject. 

FREDERICK MILLER, butcher and packer, was born at Wiu-temberg, Germany, in 
1830; came to Philadelphia in 18")3, where he remained until 18l)4, when he located at 
New Baltimore. He married Miss Louisa Sulcir, of Philadelphia, in 1855; since coming 
to this village, his trade has made steady progress. In aLlditiou to the regular' village 
trade, he packs about eighty barrels annually for the lake trade. 

JOHN MILTON, P. O. Milton, born in Somersetshire, England, March 29, 1817; lo- 
cated in Chesterfield in June, 1841; he entered the wilderness with a cash capital of $H(), 
determined to carve out for himself the respectable f(n-tiine which rewarded his labars. 
Mr. M. married Miss Loretta Bm-gess, of this township, in 1849, to whom were born fom- 
children, one son and three daughters. William Milton, born December 1, 1785, in Som- 
ersetshire, England, came to this country in June, 1855, and lived with his son until his 
death, August 15, 1870, in tlie eighty-sixth year of his age. Mi-s. Milton, Sr., born January 
10, 1786, died in her ninety-second year, March 25, 1877. John Milton, the subject of 
this sketch, filled the office of Supervisor from 1802 to 1876, with two exceptions, when 
he retired from the circle of local politics. 

JOSEPH MILTON (deceased) was born in Somersetshire, England, October 2, 1810; 
emigrated with his brother and landed August 2, 1832, and settled on a Government grant 
of eighty acres; he only had one English farthing in money, when he lauded, but, with a 
brave heart and strong arm, he began to carve out his fortune in the wilds of Michigan. 
In order to get" a living while clearing his land, he worked ac his trade in Mt. Clemens, 
as ship carpenter in summer, and in winter cleared his land; being a large man and having 
a strong constitution, he succeeded; he labored on the Gratiot Turnpike and the Grand 
Trunk Railroad when they were in course of construction. He married Miss Spiddy J. 



l\±. 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Hei-riman, of Wayne Co., N. Y., June 7. 183'); she was born May 8. 1817. oVIr. M. re- 
ceived a common-school education in England and was adapted to most any position in 
rural districts; was Commissioner of Highways for several terms, and School Director; the 
latter has always been his pi-ide; he took an active interest in politics, being a stanch 
Democrat, and when he passed away every one who knew him lamented his loss; the min 
ister who fficiated at his funeral said: "Never has it been my privilege to see such a tri- 
um))liant death as was his; he was one of the happiest of men; the last word to his family 
was "It is all satisfactory.' " His funeral was the largest one ever known in this district; 
the funeral services were conducted by Rev. John Armstrong. The names and ages of 
his family are as follows: Ford Lee Milton, born April 11. 1830; Obed Arnold. September 
L'4, 1837; Charlotte Ann. February 13, 1839: Gaylord Donaldson, December 2, 1849; 
Mirthy Treasure, April 29. 18<!2. 

WARREN PARKER, son of Joshua O. Parker, born in Putney, Vt., January '.). 
18()(). was born in Greig. Lewis Co., N. Y., November 15, 18"29. Jcshua C. and family 
came to Michigan in 1833, and settled in the township of Chesterfield; bought his land 
from the Government, the same being the east half of the northeast quarter of Section 18. 
At that period, the Indians dwelt on the lake shore, three or four miles distant, while 
wolves, bears and deer were plenty round the neighborhood. Mr. Parker. Sr., died July 
2i, 18')(). Wan-en was married to Miss Adeline Snover, December 3, 1851. to whom one 
child was born. This lady died November 0, 18()1. He married Miss Mary A., daughter 
of William Carpenter, November 9, bSfi."), to whom two sons — George and William — were 
born. Mrs. Mary A. Parker died October 3, 1871. October 22, 1872, he married Helen 
Carjienter, sister of his second wife, of whom two children were born — Warren and Joshua 
C, the first deceased. Mr. Parker has tilled the offices of Highway Commissioner, School 
Inspector. Justice of the Peace, Supervisor and was elected Representative of the Logis- 
latm-e in 1878 and again in 1880. The family in America dates back to the first settle- 
ment of Connecticut, when five brothers came from England; three settled in New En- 
gland and two in Virginia. The great grand father of Warren Parker was the son of Ebe 
nezer Parker, and named Joshua, born in Boston June 5, 1720. The son of Joshua was 
Samuel D. , born April 24. 17()3, and his son was Joshua C, father of Warren, and a pio- 
neer of Chesterfield. 

WILLIAM RANDALL, born at Benton, Yates Co., N. Y.. May 24, 1821; was edu- 
cated in Ontario County. N. Y., and traveled West in 1840, locating in Illinois; in 1851, 
he an-ived at Mt. Clemens and the year aftei- settled in New Baltimore; he was engaged 
there as a photogi-aphic artist for a short time. During four years, he has been manager of 
the McElroy Mill and manager for Perkins & Son for three years. He married Miss M. 
M. Dean, of Winnebago County, March 27, 1851 ; they are the parents of five children — 
Cornelia M., born September 8, 1857; Wintield E., March 4, ISfil; Caroline C. June 2(). 
1865; James W., April 4, 1868, and Arthur E., April 10, 1870. 

JACOB REHFUSS was born in Germany November 30, 1828; came to Philadelphia 
in 1852, where he engaged in shoemaking for one year; he settled in New Baltimore in 
1853. He man-ied Christiana Scott, of PhiladeliJiia, in 1859, by whom he has five chil- 
dren — two boys and three girls. He has carried on business in New Baltimore for twenty 
years. 

A. D. RICE, P. O. Milton, dealer in dry goods, groceries, hardware, etc., was born 
in Madison County, N. Y.. in 1836; came to Michigan with his parents the same year; 
entered the army at the outbreak of the rebellion, participating in its conflicts till its 
close, accompanying Gen. Sherman on his grand march to the sea; then returned and 
settled on the old homestead in Macomb Townshii). Mr. Rice resided on the farm until 
he established the business above referred to in October, 1880. His marriage with Miss 



Ll^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Cleantlie Storm took place. April "2, 18()7: they are the parents of four childi-en — Rollie 
E., born January U, 18(58; Hila Mable. June 29, 1870; Winfield S., June 18, 1873. and 
Alford. November 20, 1881. 

CAPT. PAUL RIVAED, born in Chesteriield September 24, 1847; received a com- 
mon-school education there; in 18(51, he took to the lakes, shijsping before the mast, and, 
in 18(57. he was jiromoted to the office of first mate, which position he held until 1870, 
when he was appointed Captain, which office he holds at the present time. He was mar- 
ried in 1878, and has three children. 

M. M. SANDERS, manager of the Hatheway planing mill and sash, door and blind 
factory, was born at Waterloo, Seneca Co., N. Y., in 1822; he is an engineer by profession, 
having served under Johnson, of Geneva, and followed that trade for a number of years, 
until he accepted the management of the New Baltimore Planing Mill, etc. He was mar- 
ried to Miss Elizabeth Hess, of Waterloo; to them was born one child, now aged thirty- 
two years. 

C. SCHLOSSER. dealer in hardware, stoves and tinware, who purchased the store 
and the business established by Benedict in 1875; has carried on an extensive trade here 
ever since May 1. 1878; he carries a stock valued at over $3,0110, and his business is based 
on cash principles. Mr. S. was born ih Alsace. LoiTaine, France. September 1."), 1842; 
emigi'ated to Iowa in 18(5U, and settled in Detroit in 1872, where he learned his trade. 
He married Miss Eliza Wagnar. in January, 1874; they are the jjarents of one boy, aged 
four months, and one girl, aged six years. 

CYRUS B. SIMMONS. P. O. Milton, was born in the town of Paris. Oneida Co., N. 
Y.. June 4. 181(); there he received a common-school education; his father died in 1818; 
his mother moved to Florence, north part of Oneida County, in 1820; he came to Macomb 
Coimty in May, 1834, when the most of the State was a wilderness; he has held the office 
of Supervisor for three years, and was elected Justice of the Peace, but did not qualify; 
he has ever taken an active part in education and politics; was Notaiy Public for one term. 
Mr. S. was married to Miss M. Stanford, of Rockdale, Erie Co., Penn., in 183(5; has two 
sons and one daughtev living, who are married and settled in Michigan. His wife died in 
1863 and one daughter in 1870. 

GEORGE C. WALKER, successor to J. S. P. Hatheway's store, established in 1852, 
by the Kern Bros., and sold to Mr. Hatheway in 1855. Mr. Walker bought the mercantile 
interest March 20, 1882, from Mr. Hatheway, and now carries on the business of general 
merchant under the name of George C. Walker; he was born in Tioga County, N. Y. , in 
October. 1832; he came to Michigan in 1855, and located at Fair Haven. 

ELISHA WELLER, born July 23, 1800, in Mansfield, now Washington, IN. J. ; came 
to Michigan in May, 1831 ; he was married in his native county to Maria Van Atta, No- 
vember 13, 1822, by whom he had twelve children, of whom eight are living, thi'ee girls 
and five boys, all of whom are married. Mr. Weller began life in Michigan as a black- 
smith; for years he labored earnestly at his trade, but was not exposed to the privations 
of pioneer life in any serious form, as he brought with him some money and necessaries 
of life, which proved an efficacious remedy against the evils entailed by the Michigan 
Narrows and the panic of 1837, 

F. M. WOOLLEY. P. O. New Baltimore, clerk and part owner on a boat, was born in 
Poughkeepsie, N. Y., January (5, 1843; came to Michigan October 23, 1852. and received 
his education at Mt. Clemens; then went to New Baltimore, where he learnetl the harness 
maker's trade with A. J. Heath; he enlisted in the Ai-my of the Cumberland and served 
for two years; was wounded and taken prisoner July 13, 18(52, at the battle of Murfrees- 
boro, Tenn; he was paroled by the rebels and rejoined his regiment and was afterward 
discharged for disability; came home and engaged as a commercial traveler. March, 






^ 

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l\^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



187'), he accepted a position as clerk on the steamer City of Baltimore. He was married 
to Miss Fanny A. Wilson, of New Baltimore, in October, 18B8; they are the parents of 
three sons and one daughter. Mr. WooUey takes an active interest in education and 
politics. 




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;t^ 



^1 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



RECENT HAPPENINGS. 

TB.\NSACTIONS OF THE PIONEEB SOCIETY, 1882. 

m,MuX.pSo™ to .It/nJ. the meeting did not attr«t the number, oipeoted About 

^"i«:E:itsr.^;trrr:=''C'zS:t,'reXC^^^^^^ 

,.„ ™n.d S,„r„d. »idac«„n.itt.e a,>„oint..d to -P"', »»»3 " S H T" " 

Sh,i;;intdT.\Scl,7-.X-^S;S5:'.™^^^^^^^ 

iedge o'f Mt Clemls "nd George W. Phillips, of Romeo. Execuhve Committee; John 
C. Ctdy was designated as singing master. Andriis" paper 

G H. Cannon, in the necessary absence of the autlio. }''^'l Jf', The C inton 
on me Clinton Canal and Shelby Railroad. This paper we b-efly sketch The Clmton 
Canal and Shelby Raih-oad were two of the many re^^^^^^^^^^ 
fever of speculation that infatuated the pe^Ue of Mich ganm^^^^ ^.^.^^.^^^ 

1833 to 1840. The State ^v.s ^P-^ ^^t ^tcon t i^ stimulated 

connections was strongly felt. 1 tie succeshiui con j- qj^j^^.^^. to the 

Michigan to alike endeavor and a cana from the Chnt^^^ 

!-r;erypre:^s.=^Er^^^^^^^^^^ 
rh::.r.?nsrBrrors:i.^iSfofS^^^^^^^ 

in charglthe canal work and a survey was ^f f/7,f ., ^^^^^{"^V^^fe ^i'l^est hopes were arous- 
greatexxitementamongthoselocanymterestednthec^n^^ 

Id among the sturdy P-^^rs of Macomb Co^^^^^ ,^ the 

year there were changes ^'^ ^^^^Xfrlwe'iron" those interested in the work at one 

^n^mS;^I^:r:^^^HS.rtSt:trlt^^^^^^ across the Clin- 



^ 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



'iL, 



ton to supply the locks, and. in lH-i5. boats were running from Utica to Frederick. In 
that year, the revenue to the State from canal tolls was $46. UO; year following, it was 
$43.44; in 11S47. the income was less yet, and, in 1S4S, the canal was in disuse. At that 
time the bottom fell out of the vast scheme of improvements inaugurated by the State, and 
work stopped on the canal as it did on the other works. The effect of the bankruptcy of 
the State, for such it was, virtually, on the Clinton & Kalamazoo Canal was demoralizing 
in the extreme. The locks were pillaged and bm-ned. the iron stolen, and, in 1850, 
hardly one stone remained upon another. Such was the igaominious end of an enterprise 
that was to span a great State and join the waters of Lake Michigan and St. Clair. 
Traces of the canal are still plainly discernible along its route and at Utica it has been 
kept in good repair and is now utilized as a water-power. 

The companion project of the canal, the Shelby Railroad, was begun about the same 
time, and likewise came to naught. Just before the expiration of its charter, wooden 
rails were laid down, and a hastily contrived car. drawn by horse-power to Detroit. Only 
one trip was made, but this was sufficient to preserve the charter, and, some years after- 
ward, when the Detroit & Bay City was constructed, the old road-bed came into service 
here and there. 

Excellent singing by the choir reminded President Cady of some happy reminis- 
cences, which he related with zest. LewM. Millei". of Lansing, read a paper on the Early 
Banks and Bankers of Macomb County. This paper reminded President Cady that he was a 
stockholder in the Bank of Macomb County, and didn't lose a cent by it, either, as he hastily 
sold out. S. H. Ewell, of Komeo. said that he had been held accountable for the failure of the 
Utica Bank, to which IVIr. Miller made reference, as one day he presented $1.0 in bills for 
redemption, and it cleaned out the institution. They never redeemed a bill after that. 

The choir sang again, and this called to the mind of President Cady the fact that 
some fifty years ago. the Board of Supervisors of Macomb County, then embracing a large 
part of Eastern Michigan, held its first meeting in Mt. Clemens. The boai'd was com- 
posed of six members and met in a store belonging to Mr. Cady, just north of the 
court house, where Dahm's new block now stands. The board voted to have some whisky, 
got drunk, stayed up all night and adjourned the next morning without paying for the 
drink! A temperance sentiment existed among a certain class of people, who would 
drink nothing but cider, so he mixed five gallons of cider with five gallons of whisky, and 
it was high fun to see the temperance folks boozy on Cady's cider. 

George H. Cannon read a paper on the life of Judge Burt, who died in 1858, one of 
the most remarkable men of the early Northwest. President Cady was reminded of a"n 
election argument that was used against Burt when he ran for the Legislature. The Judge 
had a new suit of clothes and was so careful of it that he never sat down without putting 
a piece of clean paper on the chair. Mr. Cady said the argument!!) was used with no in- 
considerable efl'ect. Orrin Freeman, of Romeo, told tales of pioneer life, and put in a good 
word for Freeman's great excursions to the West. 

Representative Pai'ker was called upon and addressed the meeting briefly. Mr. 
Parker dwelt especially upon the history of Chesterfield, and among many facts stated 
that the first land located in Chesterfield was on the site of the village of New Balti- 
more, in 1808, being private claim 848. taken up by Pierre Yacques. Mr. Parker was 
proud of the fine progress of Chesterfield Township and of it , people. 

After the singing of "' Northfield."' in j'e old-fashioned way, the pioneers proceeded 
to elect Vice Presidents, who were selected as follows: 

Romeo — S. H. Ewell. Armada — Hiram Barrows. 

Mt. Clemens — N. L. Miller. Utica — James Alexander. 

Richmond — David Flagler. Washington — Loren Andrus. 



^ 



The new Executive Committee was authorized to settle with the Treasurer, and, after 
electing several honorary members, among them John Martin, of Oakland County, and 
L. M. Miller, of Lansing, adjournment was taken until evening. 

The evening session began at 8 o'clock, and was devoted wholly to singing and rem- 
iniscences of Macomb County's early singers. S. H. Ewell, of Romeo, figured promi- 
nently in the entertainment, and read a paper, in which he mentioned many of the pio- 
neer singers. Horace H. Cady followed with an interesting recital of musical experiences 
forty and fifty years ago. Mr. Cady was then chief fugleman among the singers and came 
to the fr-'Ut on all public occasions. He sang a Fench song with amusing eflect. S. H. 
Davis, of Romeo, sang several old songs to the great delight of the audience, and Secre^ 
tary Day made a few remarks. This last meeting of the pioneers of Macomb adjourned to 
meet again at Utica. ~ 

E.\BLY BANKS AND BANKERS OF MACOMB COUNTY. 

The following paper on the above-named subject was prepared by Lew M. Miller, of 
Lansing, and read before the pioneers of Macomb, June 13, 1882. 

So far as can be at present ascertained, the first attempt to organize a bank in Ma- 
comb County was made in the yeai- 1834. At that time this county was one of the mosc 
thickly settled in the Territory, having within tue same boundaries as at present a popula- 
tion of more than 6, 000. The center of that population was here at Mt. Clemens, then 
an ambitious little settlement, and one of the most important points in the Territory. In 
common with the rest of Michigan, this village suffered great inconvenience from the 
scarcity of currency. Business was hindered. "'The butcher, the baker and the candle- 
stick-maker " had to barter and trust in many of their commercial transactions. Great 
enterprises were checked, and all the possibilities of the country were lying undeveloped. 
Such a state of affairs could not be otherwise than irritating to those who had cast their 
lots in this community. A conference of public-spirited citizens was held and a commit- 
tee appointed to di'aw up a memorial to the Legislative Council. Who were most promi- 
nent in this movement and who composed the committee, we now have no means of 
knowing; but their memorial was duly presented to the Council by John Stockton, then a 
member from Macomb and St. Clair Counties, on January 20, 1834. It is mentioned in 
the journal as "a memorial from a committee of citizens of Macomb County, praying for 
the passage of a law to establish a bank at the village of Mt. Clemens.'" 

Similar, though less formal, action was taken at about the same time by citizens of 
Shelby and the eastern part of Oakland County. They forwarded to the Council two pe- 
titions, numerously signed, "' praying that a charter might be granted to a, bank to be 
called the Clinton River Bank, and to be located in the town of Shelby, county of Ma- 
comb.'' One of the petitions was presented by Elon Farusworth, of Wayne County, on 
January 21. and the other, on February 4, by Charles C. Hascall. of Oakland County. 
The memorial from Mt. Clemens and the two petitions from Shelby were referred to the 
Committee on Incorporations. 

■ It did not seem expedient, however, to a majority of that committee, from the facts 
set forth in the memorial aal petitions, to graut any charters, at that time, to any banking 
institutions in Macomb County. The committee, therefcii'e, recommended that the prayer 
of the petitioners be not granted, and the recommendation was concurred in. 

The reasons which led the majority to this conclusion are not set forth in the report of 
the committee. The whole matter is dispatched with the usual brevity of early Legisla- 
tive journals. To us there may seem something curt in this refusal to gi-ant a request to 
which Gen. Stockton and his constituents were so much concerned. Yet who can now 
question the soundness of the committee's conclusions t One of the majority was Elon 
Farnsworth, to whose opinions as Chancellor and Attorney General the State of Michigan 



ihL, 



was afterward wont to listen with attention and respect. Before be concluded that the 
proposed action was inexpedient, he had doubtless considered well the subject: and it is 
interesting to note that his conclusions at that time were trulj' prophetic. Befori; many 
years, it became his duty, as Chancellor, to allow writs of injunction against the only two 
Macomb County banks under the old regime that ever rose to the dignity of an injunction. 

Nothing daunted by his first repulse, Mr. Stockton at once gave notice that "' on a 
future day, he would ask leave to introduce a bill to establish the Macomb County Bank, 
with a capital of .1200,000." Upon his motion, the conem-rence in the committee's report 
was reconsidered, and the report tabled. Having thus cleared his way. he introduced 
■'A bill to incorporate the Bank of Macomb County," which passed safely through the 
various stages, until it reached the order of third reading. There it stop])ed, having re- 
ceived but five ayes to eight nays on the question of its passage. The next day. on motion 
of Mr. Hascall. this vote was reconsidered, and the fm'ther consideration of the bill post- 
poned until the next session of the Council. 

Of the provisions of Mr. Stockton's bill, we have no knowledge. Merely the title ap- 
pears in the journal, together with an incidental mention of $200,000 capital stock. It is 
probable, however, that its essential features were not very different from those of other 
charters granted to banking institutions in those days. Nothing more was heard of the 
" Clinton River Bank, to be located in the town of Shelby, county of Macomb." Its light 
had gone out in utter darkness. 

Mr. Stockton made no fiu-ther attempt to organize a bank during either of the special 
sessions of 1834. nor did he broach the subject at the regular session of 1835. Mean 
while, measiu'es were well under way for the organization of a State government. Dur- 
ing May and June, a convention had met and framed a constitution, and that document 
was ready for submission to the people. In the interim. Gov. Mason convened the Legis- 
lative Council in special session. It assembled on August 17 and adjourned August 25. 
Diu'ing this nine days' session, just when the Territory was merging into a State, was 
passed an act. destined to till an important chapter in the histoiy of Macomb County. It 
was entitled " An act to incorporate the Macomb & Saginaw Raih'oad Company, and for 
other purposes." It was not the '" railroad company," but the "other purposes" that 
made the act conspicuous. The 2)rincipal one of the •"other purposes" was the granting 
of authority to the stockholders of the railroad company to establish a bank at Mt. Clem- 
ens, under the corporate name of '' The President, Directors and Comj^any of the Bank of 
Macomb County." Gen. Stockton secured the enactment of that law. Whether he re- 
vived and remodeled his old bill or began anew, it is now impossible to determine. The 
journal of that session, might, perhaps, inform us; but that journal has long been a miss- 
ing book, and it is even doubtful whether there is a copy still in existence. So we have 
but tradition and conjecture to guide tis. 

Strange as it may now seem to us, the combination of a railroad and a bank was no 
new proposition, when made by Mr. Stockton. The same Legislative Council, to which 
he now proposed it, had already, twice before, been guilty of encouraging that kind of 
miscegenation. During the regular session of 1835, the Erie & Kalamazoo Railroad Com- 
pany and the Detroit & Pontiac Railroad Company had been authorized by amendments 
to their charters, to establish each a bank; and it is significant to note that the first part 
of Mr. Stockton's bill was modeled after the original charters of those two railroad com- 
panies, and the second part after the amendments. Hence, Mr. Stockton coiild point to 
two irresistible precedents for the passage of his bill. Furthermore, as railroad projects 
were then quite popular, he may have shrewdly incorporated one in his bill to help his 
bank scheme through. Whatever may have been the means adopted, the fact remains that 
he succeeded in removing enough of the opposition to his project to secure the passage of 



HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



his bill: and it would be iuterestnig to know whether Elon Farnsworth was finally won 
over to a support of the bill, or whether he persisted in his doubt of the expediency of 
granting charters to any banking institutions in Macomb County. 

The bill became a law August 24, 1835. By its provisions. Christian Clemens, 
John S. Axford, Neil Gray. Azariah Prentiss, James Brown, Rodney O. Cooley and Lan- 
sing B. Mizner were appointed Commissioners to open books and receive subscriptions to 
the capital stock of the railroad company, which was to be $1,000,000, divided into shares 
of $50 each. When 1,000 shares were taken, the subscribers were to become a body cor- 
porate, by the name of the "Macomb & Saginaw Railroad Company." A single or double 
railroad, to be located by Israel Curtis. Jacob Tucker and Charles C. Hascall, was to be 
constructed from Mt. Clemens to Lapeer, and thence to the seat of justice of Saginaw 
County. Nine Directors were to be chosen annually, on the first Monday of October, and 
a President from among the Directors or stockholders. 

Section 21 confers upon the stockholders of the railroad comjiany the authority to es- 
tablish a bank at Mt. Clemens, with a capital stock of $100,000, divided into shares of 
$50 each. The banking eoriwration was to be known as "The President, Directors and 
Company of the Bank of Macomb County." and its affairs were to be managed by the 
President and Directors of the railroad company. Bills might be issued in denominations 
not less than $1, payable on demand at the company's banking house, within usual busi- 
ness hoMS, in the legal money of the United States. Upon failure so to redeem its bills, 
the corporation was liable to be dissolved, subject, however, to the provisions of the act 
relative to banks, approved April 23, 1S33, which allowed a limit of sixty days, within 
which to make payment. Before bills were istued, the entire stock of the railroad com- 
pany was to be conveyed to the bank as security for their redemption, and the Directors 
were to give collateral security to the Territory for such redemption until ten miles of 
railroad had been completed. Unless forfeited sooner, the charter was to remain in force 
forty years. Many other jirovisions, limitations and restrictions, which it is imnecessary 
to enumerate here, are incorj)orated in the charter. 

The bank was not put into operation for more than a year after the charter was obtained. 
The majority of the stock appears to have been originally subscribed for by (ien. Stockton. 
Among the original subscribers appear also the names of Christian Clemens, Buel Ambrose, 
H. H. Farley & Co. , James Brown, S. F. Atwood, Aaron Whitney, Jr., R. Steward, C. S. 
Mather, Rodney O. Cooley, De Garmo Jones, of Detroit. Enoch Jones, Edward Brooks, 
Ebenezer Hall. Isaac J. Grovier, A. B. Rawles, Jacob Beekman, E. G. Pratt, George l^ee, 
Jr.. William Cantield, Mrs. E. R. Hawkins, Miss Louisa Clemens (youngest daughter of 
Judge Clemens and afterward wife of Col. Henry D. Terry). Daniel Chandler, James 
Wilfiams, William Roy. William Vandervoort, of Tonawanda, N. Y., James Brown and 
Israel F. Hatch and Lucius H Pratt, of Bufi'alo. N. Y. If there were other original sub- 
scribers, their names are lost, for the original subscription book disappeared very early in 
the history of the bank. It was destroyed for reasons best known to those who destroyed 
it. The following persons became stockholders at an eai-ly date by subsequent j)urchase: 
Aaron Weeks, James Sweeney, Cornelius O'Flynn. Charles A. Emerson, Dodge & Kibbee, 
Lewis Godai-d, Creorge B. Martin, Richai-d Butler, R. Anderson, James C. Allen, Stephen 
White, of Boston, Daniel F. Webster, of Peru. III., Cai-oline Webster, Lam-a Weeks, Mary 
Stockton. John Norton, Jr., J. H. Lathrop and S. F. Pratt, of Buffalo. 

In October, 1836, the following Board of Directors was cho.sen: Christian Clemens. 
Rodney O. Cooley, William Canfield, C. S. Mather. Enoch Jones, Edward Brooks, Daniel 
F. Webster, Aaron Weeks and Isaac J. Grovier. John Stockton was elected President. 
By the 1st of February, two installments of stock, of 10 per cent, each, had been paid m, 
and the bank was about to begin operations. Charles A. Emerson was then made Cashier, 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY, 



and bills were executed for the first time, bearing the signatures of John Stockton, Presi- 
dent, and Charles A. Emerson. Cashier. 

The first business transaction of the bank was of a decidedly jieculiai' nature. It 
dates by com'tesy on Saturday, February 11, 1N37, but was in reality executed on Sunday, 
the r2th. William Vandervoort and Lucius H. Pratt, who then owned a controlling in 
terest in the stock, also stockholders, took each $10,000 of the newly signed bills, leavi ng 
notes of $10,000 each in place of them. They also took an additional $20,000, without 
leaving any evidence of indebtedness, to create a credit for the Macomb County Bank with 
the Commercial Bank oi Buffalo, as they said. With this sum of $40,000, they left the 
country on the Sabbath, and a knowledge of the transaction was for a long time kept from 
a majority of the Directors. When it became known, it created much dissatisfaction, and 
from that date the hard feelings and mutual recriminations which characterize the history of 
the bank, date. Christian Clemens, Ebenezer Hall, Isaac J. Crrovier and William Caufield 
speak of this transaction and others with much indignation. 

Besides the regular issue of bills, another was contemplated somewhat later, but not 
effected. William Vandervoort caused to be engraved for the bank a plate of bills pay- 
able at Tonowanda, N. Y. Impressions were taken and a few brought to Mt. Clemens, 
but none were ever signed. 

We have now reached the period of 

WILD-CAT BANKS, 

a few of which made their appearance in this bounty. This term is applicable to those 
banks only which were organized under the general banking law of 1837. Hence, al- 
though closelj' allied thereto, the Macomb County Bank was not of that species. 

When the Legislature of 1837 convened, the whole State was wild on the subject of 
banking. Petitions for the organization of banks came from nearly every hamlet and foui-- 
corner settlement of the State. Among them were two from citizens of Macomb County 
for a bank to be located at Romeo, presented in the house by Linus S. Gilbert. The 
Legislature finally passed a general law for the organization of banking associations, which 
was approved March 1-3. This act passed almost without opposition. Only foiu' Repre- 
sentatives voted against it, one of whom was Isaac Monfort, of Macomb County. Under 
this act were organized the tamous " wild-cat" banks. 

THE BANK OF UTICA 

was the tu-st one organized in this county under the general law. The petition to the 
Clerk and Treasurer of the county bears date at Shelby, May 13, 183 <, and prays for the 
organization of a bank, with a capital of $50,000. It is signed by Jacob Summers, Payne 
K. Leech, Jr.. Asquire W. Aldrich, Benjamin L. Watkins. L. T. Jenney, Samuel Ladd, 
A. G. Deshon, Giu-don C. Leech, Orson Sheldon, L. D. Owen, John James, James Covel, 
Jr., and Joseph Lester. On the 22d, notice was given by Rodney O. Cooley, Treasm-er, 
and Amos Dalby, Clerk, that books would be opened at Utica, on Monday, June 2(), and 
kept open for four days, for subscription to the capital stock. Coi)ies of the notice were 
posted in twelve of the most public places in the county by Abraham Freeland, then 
Sheriff. On June 7, John James was ai)pointed temporary Treasurer to receive the th'st 
installments on subscriptions, giving a bond to the Clerk and Treasurer, conditioned to 
pay over to the Cashier, when appointed, on the order of the Directors, when elected, the 
amount paid to him, or to retm-n the same to the subscribers, if the organization of the 
bank should not be completed. The sureties on this bond were Gurdon C. Leech, Lyman 
T. Jenney, Orson Sheldon and Payne K. Leech, Jr. On August 31, the newly elected 
Directors, Jacob Summers, Orson Sheldon, Gurdon C. Leech, Payne K. Leech, Jr., 



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HISTORY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



Ephraim Calkins. Daniel W. Philips. William A, Davis. George Hanscom and -John 
James, with A. Freeland and Joseph Lester as sureties, in presence of Walter Porter and 
William Abernathy as witnesses, entered into bonds to the Auditor General, in the penal 
sum of $12ri.000. conditioned for the punctual payment of all debts, notes, liabilities and 
obligations, as required by law. The next day. a du[)licate was filed with the County 
Clerk, and then a certificate, issued by the Clerk and Treasurer, was tiled in the office of 
the Secretary of State, showing the due organization of the Bank of Utica. with a capital 
stock of .¥5(1. ()(»(». 

Jacob Summers was elected the first President, and John James appointed Cashier. 
At some subsequent election. Giu'don C. Leech seems to have been made President. Thus 
organized, the bank commenced business about September 9. and continued ojierations a 
little more than a year, when its legal tribulations began. In addition to the Directors 
named above, the following persons appear as stockholders in the institution: A. G. Fin- 
den. E. Endres. J. S. Fletcher. Joseph Lester. Sheldon Owen. C. S. Madison, A Keeney. 
S. Ladd. A. B. Adams. O. Steevens. L. D. Owen and A. Bond. 

On March 22. the bank paid a semi-annual State tax of $37.50, and contributed to 
the "safety fund" in the State treasury, for the redemption of its notes, just $'23. 21. The 
holders of its $14,225 worth of bills 7nust have fetched a long-drawn sigh of genuine 
relief when they read the State Treasurer's report for 183S. At the close of the year, its 
affairs were in a sorry condition. Its liabilities were $33,753.04, while its only resources 
were $2,055.51, in real and personal property, and $31,114 of discounted jiaper, more 
than $22.0(10 of which was dne from stockholders and Directors. The bank was ut- 
terly destitiite of specie, or any other ready means for the redemption of its notes. The 
bank commissioners took immediate steps to wind up the concern. A bill was filed in the 
Court of Chancery bj- the Attorney General. Chancellor Elon Farnsworth allowed a writ 
of injunction January 5, 183'.), and the days of usefulness of the Bank of Utica were 
ended. Its only reason for existence afterward was to play the part of shuttlecock to the 
legal battledoor. As Chancellor Farnsworth had allowed a similar injunction against the 
Bank of Macomb County, just 3(')4 days before, he must have indulged in a gi-im smile, 
as he thought of the inexpediency of granting charters to any banking institutions in 
Macomb County. Meanwhile, the bank's magnificent " safety fund '" in the State Treasury 
had shrunk to $3.34, and what finally became of that is uncertain. Like all the rest of 
the bank's valuables, it probably kept on shrinking to infinity. 

Peter S. Palmer, of Utica, was appointed Receiver February 4, 184(1; his report, riled 
in April, shows $8,306.05 liabilities, of which $4,770 was for notes still unredeemed. The 
resources wei'e only $7,835.5('), of which but $(>,775.32 were considered available. Notes 
and accounts against citizens of Utica were generally considered good, while notes of other 
" wild-cat banks " were accounted worthless. 

The Legislature of 1 842, passed an act to annul the corporate rights of certain banks, 
among which was the Bank of Utica. Under that act, the Receiver caused an appraisal 
of assets to be made. April 20, 1842. by James B. Cartter, James Covel, Jr., and C. B. H. 
Fessenden. This appraisal was signed by P. S. Palmer, Receiver, by J. James and Payne 
K. Leech, Jr., his agents. The total valuation was $2,4(>2.77. Individual notes were ap- 
praised at from par down to 50 per cent; Shelby & Detroit Railroad checks at par; the 
banking house and lot, which cost $2,015, 98, at $80(139, or 40 per cent; bank fiu-nitui-e, 
from 75 to 34 per cent, a claim against the Deti'oit City Bank at 37i per cent. Then 
follows a batch of notes, "wild-cat" bills and claims, all thrown together without ap- 
praisement, too worthless to be considered! The shuttlecock had now lieen banged about 
by the battledoor, until it was too dilapidated for further use, and the game stopped 
here. 

57 



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HLSTOKY OF MACOMR COUNTY. 



THE FARMERS BANK OF ROMEO 

was the next venture. Ou October 30, 1837, a jietitiou was drawn ixp for the organiza- 
tion of a bank with a capital stock of $•")(),( )0l ), to be located at Romeo and known as the 
"Farmers' Bank of Romeo." It was signed by Daniel Trombley. Jacob Coddington. 
George Finch. Martin F. Southwell, Asahel Bailey, Marvil Shaw, Isaac Brabb, James 
Thorington, Charles F. Suover, Benjamin Crissmau, Abner Smith, Jr., Adam Armstrong, 
A. B. Cooley, James Harvey, David Phelps, John A. Shaffer, A. B. Ayres. Ebenezer Kit- 
ridge. A. Prentiss. Orratns Hulett. Rnfus Carjjenter, John S. Axforth and Ephraim 
Graves. The books were open for subscription on December I'i. in the " old red tavern." 
The capital stock was all subscribed, the requisite 10 per cent installment being paid on 
the spot in gold coin, a scarce commodity in those days. John James, of Utiea, was ap- 
pointed temporary Treasurer, and he gave the usual bond, with G. C. Leech. O. Sheldon, 
A. B. Cooley. R.'L, Clark. A. B. Rawls, G. Gates, A. B. Ayres, G. Rix and J. AV. Dyar, 
as sureties, and H. A. Tutner and I. Cummings as witnesses. Directors and a Cashier 
were chosen, and John W. Dyar was elected President. An order for plates was made on 
a New York engraver, and in due time the bills were received. They were deposited for 
safekeeping in the Bank of Utica, but the great collapse came before any of them were 
signed by the officers of the bank, and all ideas of further business was indefinitely post- 
jioned. Yet some of the bills got out and went ou their way rejoicing in forged signatm'es. 
Martin Bnzzell, still living at Romeo, had a $".i bill of that bank presented to him in 1838, 
while doing business at Natchez. Miss. Not having much confidence in that kind of cur- 
rency, he refused to take it. 

Mr. John W. Dyar. still a resident of Ruineo, informs me that the citizens of Romeo 
really wanted no bank at all; but a number of Penn,sylvania '" wild-cat " schemers had fixed 
upon that village as the scene of one of their nefarious swindles. In order to anticipate 
them the more substantial business men of the village organized a bank. and. with the 
fi'iendly aid of Messrs. James. Leech and Clark, of Utica, subscribed for all the stock. 

THE CLINTON RIVER BANK 

came next, and was the second of that name. The lirst, it will be remembered, was to be 
organized by special charter and located at Shelby. The second was to be of the " wild-cat " 
species, and located at Mt. Clemens. Its capital stock was to be .$.")(), 000 and book.s were to 
be opened for subscriptions on January 9, 1838. The petition was dated and filed Novem- 
ber 1^9. having been signed by C. S. Mather, Frederick Hatch. George Whitney, Porter 
Kibbee, G. C. Fletcher, E. L. Atkins, P. 8. Fletcher. James B. Van Rensselaer, William 
Lewis, R. P. Eldredge, H. M. Dodge, James Williams, H J. Higgins and R. F. Eastman. 
But the crash came like 

" An envious, sneaking frost. 
Tliat bites the first-lioi-n infants of the spring." 

and the Clinton River Bank, No. 2. went to meet its illustrious namesake. 

There was still another member of this " wildcat" family, which, as Ai-temus Ward 
would say, was the most "amoosin' little cuss" of the whole litter. The general law having 
been changed somewhat, as to the mode of organization, a document was drawn up, on the 
'2C)th of March, 1838, and filed in the office of the Secretary of State four days later, cer- 
tifying that a banking association had been formed with a capital stock of iif")O,O0O, to be 
located at the village of Belvidere — " or Belvidere City " — and to be known as 

THE BANK OF LAKE ST. CLAIR. 

James L. Conger was its President, A. C. Hatch, D. B. Conger, S. A. Hathaway, C. 
W. Hussey, S. G. Langdon were its Directors, and A. Wilcox, D. G. Gtu'nsey and Edwai-d 



r 



HISTOKY OF MACOMB COUNTY. 



R. Blackwell were the other stockholders. Bills were elaborately engraved and printed 
in abnndance. but before they were regularly issued the bank was swamped by hard times 
and the city by high water. The bills were extensively circulated by the boys of the 
adjacent country, and in some instances, no doubt, were passed as money upon the igno- 
rant or unwary. 

CONCLUSION. 

Judging the future of the county by the past, and that is the proper criterion to 
judge by, what can be the limits to the progress that will be made by the genius of the 
American people of Macomb in the next fifty years? We can only entertain a hope for the 
foreign element of the jiopulation — a hoj)e that when the next history is proposed, the im- 
migrants will have reached that state of intelligence which will enable them to conceive 
the utility of such a work, and incite them to support it, so that they may learn more, and 
become Americanized. 

That portion of the population properly termed the American people of Macomb, 
seem to have made everything in which they engage so satisfactory in results, that 
the humau mind pauses in the midst of its bwundlessness, and almost seems to say — the 
whole work is accomplished, and there is nothing left for the inventive genius of the rising 
generation to do. But much as has been accomplished, the most scientific and constructive 
minds, those that have accomplished the grandest results in fields of mechanics and inven- 
tions, realize the fact that they have just made a beginning in the arts and sciences, and 
that a gi-eat undiscovered world lies beyond 




>? S r- -s sfv 




ERRATA. 

ALEXANDER GRANT. The biography of this gentleuiau should read: His wife 
was the daughter of Albert and Mary Deshon, instead of "Albert and Julia." 

The folhjwing biography was received too late for insertion in its proper place: 
WILLIAM FREDERICK DRAKE, P. O. Utica, son of Hiram and Autha (Wolf) Drake, 
natives of New York, born in Sterling Town. Macomb Co.. Mich.. October 31. 1(S46; edu- 
cated in the public school and lived in this county all his life, except three years, from 
1867 to 1870. during which time he filled the position of superintending a gang of men 
at the House of Correction, at Detroit; has followed farming the remainder of his life, and 
is now farming on Section '21. Shelby Township, Macomb County; entered the army dur- 
ing the late rebellion at the age of nineteen as private; served six months, when he re- 
turned home on account of sickne.ss; was married. December '2t>. 1S70. to Adelaide C. 
Robinson, daughter of Joseph and Ann Brown (Smith), natives of Virginia. J. Brown 
was one of Gen. Harrison's stafl' officers in the war of 1812, and was Judge of the Court at 
Shockton, Ohio for two years, previous to June. 1829, at which time he was accidentally 
killed. Mr. Drake's father removed to Michigan about the year 1840, where he has fol- 
lowed the occupation of a farmer to this time, and now resides in Sterling Town, Ma- 
comb Co., Mich, 



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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



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